text string | pmid string | accession_id string | license string | last_updated string | retracted string | citation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bangladesh and the neighboring Indian state of West Bengal are the site of what has been called the largest mass poisoning in history: millions of people here are drinking water that is heavily contaminated with arsenic. Researchers, engineers, and others who wish to learn more about this public health crisis can acces... | 0 | PMC1257617 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A373 |
The German idiom verschlimmbesserung refers to an intervention that is made with the best intentions to solve a problem but ends up worsening the situation or creating new problems. Past efforts to improve the drinking water supply of Bangladesh are a classic example. Three decades ago, the people of this poverty-stric... | 15929878 | PMC1257618 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A374-A377 |
Kids, summer, and water are three things that just naturally go together. The Community Outreach and Education Program (COEP) of the Center for Membrane Toxicity Studies, housed at Mount Desert Island Biological Laboratory in Bar Harbor, Maine, is using its open-air Myers Marine Aquarium Visitors Center to maximize thi... | 15945148 | PMC1257619 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A376-A377 |
Beane Freeman LE, Dennis LK, Lynch CF, Thorne PS, Just CL. 2004. Toenail arsenic content and cutaneous melanoma in Iowa. Am J Epidemiol 160:679–687.
Although exposure to arsenic has been associated with increased risk of non-melanoma skin cancer, little research has been conducted on possible links between arsenic and... | 0 | PMC1257620 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A377 |
Arsenic. No other element has such a complex and variegated past. As early as 500 B.C. the ancients knew about arsenic, whose name comes from the Greek word for potent. Through the centuries, this “king of poisons” was a common means of homicide. And yet, arsenic’s image has not always been so morbid. People in the Mid... | 15929879 | PMC1257621 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A378-A386 |
The data points in an integrated toxicogenomics experiment with microarray, proteomics, and metabolomics data are virtually innumerable. With thousands—or tens of thousands—of data points for each sample in each type of analysis, the complexity and the sheer amount of data multiply fast. As teams of statisticians, bioi... | 15929880 | PMC1257622 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A388-A393 |
Metal scrap from New York’s World Trade Center towers. Live missiles and mortar shells from Iraq and Somalia. Used lead-acid batteries from Canada. Aging oil tankers and military carriers from Europe. This is just a little of the imported waste found in scrap yards and hazardous stockpiles across India. That’s in addit... | 15929881 | PMC1257623 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A394-A397 |
There are several methods for removing inorganic arsenic from water. Many take advantage of the strong bond that forms between arsenic and iron. Now Littleton, Colorado–based ADA Technologies, through funding from the NIEHS Superfund Basic Research Program, the U.S. Air Force, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (... | 15929882 | PMC1257624 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A398-A401 |
Indoor spraying to control disease-carrying mosquitoes is the strategy of choice in Mexico’s effort to reduce malaria. When Mexico discontinued the use of DDT for this purpose in 2000, the pyrethrum-derived compound deltamethrin became the primary pesticide in the battle against mosquitoes. To find out how deltamethrin... | 0 | PMC1257625 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A402 |
Worldwide, millions of people drink water contaminated with arsenic, but not everyone who drinks contaminated water has the same severity of effects. It has long been speculated that this differing susceptibility to the adverse health effects of arsenic may be due to differences in the way people metabolize the element... | 0 | PMC1257626 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A404 |
Autism spectrum disorders (ASD) are a group of neurodevelopmental disorders that emerge before 3 years of age and are characterized by impairments in social and communicative skills and the presence of stereotyped and repetitive behaviors and interests. The prevalence of ASD appears to have increased dramatically withi... | 0 | PMC1257627 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A405 |
Japan Society for the Promotion of Science: Opportunities for U.S. Scientists in Japan
The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) conducts fellowship programs for foreign researchers to promote international cooperation in and mutual understanding through scientific research in Japan. These programs provide ... | 0 | PMC1257628 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A406-A407 |
Kwon et al. (2004) reported significantly elevated dislodgeable soluble arsenic loads on (one or both?) hands of children following play on structures treated with chromated copper arsenate (CCA) but then concluded that the observed difference is unimportant:
With a safe conservative assumption that all the arsenic on... | 15929875 | PMC1257629 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A364a |
In our study of arsenic on children’s hands (Kwon et al. 2004), we measured arsenic in water samples in which participating children washed both hands after playing on selected playgrounds. The hand-washing water was filtered, and the soluble arsenic concentration in the filtrate was determined by inductively coupled p... | 0 | PMC1257630 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A364b-A365 |
Dramatic media reports have alerted the public to the dangers of foodborne pathogens such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli O157:H7. But less-publicized microbes may soon become serious public health threats as well. Two foodborne bacteria, extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli (ExPEC) and antimicrobial-resistant Campylo... | 0 | PMC1257631 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A371a |
Seaweed for Safety
Researchers from Oregon State University and Northeastern University have found that certain red seaweeds including Portieria hornemannii and Acrosiphonia coalita can detoxify organic pollutants such as TNT and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons 5–10 times faster than any known terrestrial plant. TNT i... | 0 | PMC1257632 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A371b-A373 |
Is the explosive rise in asthma and allergies being seen especially in children partially related to antibiotic use? Epidemiologic studies have found strong connections between antibiotic treatment and the later development of asthma and allergies. Yet, until recently, no studies had looked at how the two are linked. N... | 0 | PMC1257633 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A372a |
Scientists from the Marine Biological Laboratory in Woods Hole, Massachusetts, have reported on a potentially sinister synergy, showing that a combination of three common pollutants—bromoform, chloroform, and tetrachloroethylene—alters nerve cell development, whereas the toxicants alone or in pairs do not. The discover... | 0 | PMC1257634 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A372b |
In response to concerns about the human and environmental health effects of materials used to produce munitions, countries including the United States have begun replacing some lead- and depleted uranium–based munitions with alternatives made of a tungsten alloy. But this solution may not be the “magic bullet” it was o... | 0 | PMC1257635 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A403a |
Although the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup is generally thought to be less toxic to the ecosystem than other pesticides, concerns about its effects on human reproduction persist. In a study in Ontario, Canada, exposure of male farmers to glyphosate-based herbicides was associated with an increase in miscarriage an... | 0 | PMC1257636 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A403b-A404 |
By Dade W. Moeller
Cambridge, MA:Harvard University Press, 2005. 606 pp. ISBN: 0-674-01494-4, $65 cloth
At least once a week, I need a brief account of an environmental health area that falls outside my specialty. At those times, I usually am more likely to find what I need in Moeller’s second edition (1997) than in ... | 0 | PMC1257637 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A422a |
Asbestos and Fire
Rachel Maines
Piscataway, NJ:Rutgers University Press, 2005. 288 pp. ISBN: 0-8135-3575-1, $34.95
Chemical Genomics: Reviews and Protocols
Edward D. Zanders
Totowa, NJ:Humana Press, Inc., 2005. 300 pp. ISBN: 1-58829-399-8, $110
Computational Genetics and Genomics: Tools for Understanding Disease
... | 0 | PMC1257638 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:01 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jun; 113(6):A422b |
Short History of Vinyl Chloride Regulation
Vinyl chloride (VC) is manufactured exclusively for polymerization into polyvinyl chloride (PVC), a plastic used in construction, packaging, electrical, and transportation industries; in household products such as flooring, water piping, videodiscs, and credit cards; and in me... | 16002366 | PMC1257639 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 24; 113(7):809-812 |
Background
Although private companies have tested pesticides on human subjects since the 1960s, the public debate about the ethics of such experiments began to simmer in 1998, when the Environmental Working Group (EWG) released a report titled The English Patients: Human Experiments and Pesticide Policy 1998. According... | 16002367 | PMC1257640 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 16; 113(7):813-817 |
New scientific tools spawned by the genomics revolution promise to improve our ability to identify causative factors in human diseases. These tools are expected to allow more rapid screening of chemicals for toxic effects and to provide mechanistic insight into a greater range and earlier stage of adverse outcomes asso... | 16002368 | PMC1257641 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 24; 113(7):818-822 |
Exposures to airborne nanosized particles (NSPs; < 100 nm) have been experienced by humans throughout their evolutionary stages, but it is only with the advent of the industrial revolution that such exposures have increased dramatically because of anthropogenic sources such as internal combustion engines, power plants,... | 16002369 | PMC1257642 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 22; 113(7):823-839 |
Well-designed epidemiologic studies are the desired approach for defining the relationships between environmental exposures and human disease. This is partly because human health studies provide the research framework for addressing issues of individual susceptibility to exposure and disease. Furthermore, they are much... | 16002370 | PMC1257643 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:02 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 3; 113(7):840-848 |
According to several epidemiologic studies, chemical intolerance is a common problem (Baldwin et al. 1997; Bell et al. 1993; Caress and Steinemann 2003; Meggs et al. 1996), with various kinds of elicited symptoms. Nevertheless, the pathophysiology behind the symptoms is unknown. A comprehensive term for chemical intole... | 16002371 | PMC1257644 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 17; 113(7):849-852 |
Persistent lipophilic xenobiotics pose particular methodologic challenges when assessing potential human health risks. The human health effects literature on exposure to lipophilic agents such as organochlorines (OCs) is equivocal, impairing our ability to quantify risks (Calle et al. 2002; Hunter et al. 1997; Laden et... | 16002372 | PMC1257645 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 17; 113(7):853-857 |
2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorobenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD), a halogenated compound that binds and activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, is a byproduct of numerous industrial processes including waste incineration (Zook and Rappe 1994). Dioxin, a known human carcinogen [International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) 1997], is also... | 16002373 | PMC1257646 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 24; 113(7):858-862 |
Trihalomethanes (THMs) are a by-product of water chlorination, arising from the reaction between natural organic matter in the source water and chlorine used for disinfection. There are four primary species of THM: chloroform (CHCl3), bromodichloromethane (CHBrCl2), dibromochloromethane (CHBr2Cl), and bromoform (CHBr3)... | 16002374 | PMC1257647 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 24; 113(7):863-870 |
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are anthropogenic industrial chemicals, the production of which was banned in the 1970s because of their presumed carcinogenicity (Chana et al. 2002). However, these chemicals are still present in the food chain; they accumulate in animal and human tissues and are among the most abundan... | 16002375 | PMC1257648 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 18; 113(7):871-876 |
Pesticides are used extensively throughout the world. In the United States, > 18,000 products are licensed for use, and annual use of pesticides for crops, homes, schools, parks, and forests exceeds 2 billion pounds [U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2002]. Neurologic dysfunction is the best-documented health ... | 16002376 | PMC1257649 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 15; 113(7):877-882 |
Numerous studies have demonstrated associations of acute increases in particle levels with increased risk of cardiac morbidity and mortality (Pope et al. 1995). Efforts have been directed toward understanding mechanisms for these associations. Canine studies showing increased risk of myocardial ischemia (Wellenius et a... | 16002377 | PMC1257650 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 14; 113(7):883-887 |
Case Presentation
A 46-year-old male surgical pathologist presented to our clinic complaining of a 4-year history of increasing shortness of breath. He had been in good health until 20 years prior while in medical school, when he noted a pruritic, erythematous rash on the dorsal aspect of his hands whenever he wore lat... | 16002378 | PMC1257651 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 31; 113(7):888-893 |
The preponderance of experimental and human data indicates that there are persistent and deleterious effects of blood lead levels > 10 μg/dL on brain function, including lowered intelligence, behavioral problems, and diminished school performance (Baghurst et al. 1992; Bellinger et al. 1992; Cory-Slechta 1997; Dietrich... | 16002379 | PMC1257652 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 18; 113(7):894-899 |
Strategies for the prevention of asthma remain elusive [Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) 2002; Hartert and Peebles 2000]. In the United States, asthma morbidity is highest among minorities and persons of low socioeconomic status (SES) (Grant et al. 2000; Miller 2000). African-American and Hispanic child... | 16002380 | PMC1257653 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 3; 113(7):900-904 |
Exposure assessment is a crucial aspect of environmental epidemiology but remains an inexact science, where validity must be optimized within the confines of efficiency and practicality. Dietary questionnaires constitute a crucial instrument in nutritional epidemiology (Marshall 2003), but they are less useful for food... | 16002381 | PMC1257654 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 31; 113(7):905-908 |
Some epidemiologic studies have observed increased risk of childhood brain tumors (CBTs) in relation to home pesticide use, farm residence, or parental occupation in agriculture (Bunin et al. 1994; Cordier et al. 2001; Davis et al. 1993; Efird et al. 2003; Holly et al. 1998; Kristensen et al. 1996; Pogoda and Preston-M... | 16002382 | PMC1257655 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul 18; 113(7):909-913 |
It has been some 20 years since I published my first paper on organic liquid contamination of the subsurface. That article was among the first to model the infiltration of organic solvents into aquifer systems. Before the mid-1980s, the importance of separate phase liquid pollutants was not appreciated, and most invest... | 16002355 | PMC1257656 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A438-A439 |
We at EHP continually strive to make our content more accessible to our readers. With this issue, we are pleased to unveil some journal format changes that we hope will help with this goal. Our Table of Contents has a new easier-to-read format. Titles are now in boldface, and keyword descriptors have been added. Resear... | 0 | PMC1257657 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A439 |
The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is an interagency program1 whose mission is to coordinate, conduct, and communicate toxicological research findings across the U.S. government. The NTP is administratively housed at the NIEHS, and David Schwartz serves as the director of both the NTP and the NIEHS. The NTP and the ... | 16002356 | PMC1257658 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A440 |
The January 2005 issue of EHP provided a much-needed overview of the prevalence of environment noise and its effects on health (Chepesiuk 2005; Manuel 2005; Schmidt 2005). Indeed, noise is pervasive and its adverse health effects are among the most common occupational injuries. Your consideration of noise-induced damag... | 16002358 | PMC1257659 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A443-A444 |
Every year, food allergies cause about 30,000 visits to emergency rooms and an estimated 150 deaths. The culprits are known; only eight foods—milk, eggs, peanuts, tree nuts, fish, shellfish, soybeans, and wheat—cause 90% of all allergic food reactions. But why do those foods cause allergies while others don’t? A study ... | 16002360 | PMC1257660 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A448 |
Even though 70% of the Earth’s surface is covered with water, little of that is freshwater. Today, one-third of the world’s population lives in countries with moderate or high water stress, a fact that leads many experts to proclaim that water may possibly be the primary cause of international tensions and the foremost... | 0 | PMC1257661 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A451 |
Peer-reviewed journals are a vital source of information exchange for researchers and clinicians in the medical and environmental health arena. The timely publication of credible research is integral to advancing the realm of knowledge in any given topic area. Many Northern Hemisphere journals have access to a range of... | 0 | PMC1257662 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A452-A454 |
Sometimes the best educational resources can be found in your own backyard. Staff at the Community Outreach and Education Program (COEP) of the NIEHS Center for Environmental and Rural Health at Texas A&M University recognize how true that can be. Concerned with the health of residents in local colonias (poor, unincorp... | 0 | PMC1257663 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A454-A455 |
Windham GC, Lee D, Mitchell P, Anderson M, Petreas M, Lasley B. 2005. Exposure to organochlorine compounds and effects on ovarian function. Epidemiology 16:182–190.
Over the past 20–30 years, environmental health scientists have expressed increasing concern about endocrine disruptors, chemicals that appear to disrupt ... | 0 | PMC1257664 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A455 |
Paved surfaces are quite possibly the most ubiquitous structures created by humans. In the United States alone, pavements and other impervious surfaces cover more than 43,000 square miles—an area nearly the size of Ohio—according to research published in the 15 June 2004 issue of Eos, the newsletter of the American Geo... | 16002362 | PMC1257665 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A456-A462 |
When combined sewer systems were introduced in 1855, they were hailed as a vast improvement over urban cesspool ditches that ran along city streets and spilled over when it rained. These networks of underground pipes were designed to dry out streets by collecting rainwater runoff, domestic sewage from newly invented fl... | 16002363 | PMC1257666 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A464-A467 |
The world’s most dangerous animal weighs about two milligrams and pursues its human prey at speeds of barely a mile per hour. Surprised? Don’t be. The dubious honor belongs to the lowly mosquito—a fragile creature whose bite infects millions with lethal diseases, such as malaria, dengue, and West Nile encephalitis. For... | 16002364 | PMC1257667 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A468-A471 |
The maximum blood lead concentration deemed acceptable for children has declined over the years, from 60 micrograms per deciliter (μg/dL) in 1970 to the present-day level of 10 μg/dL, first established in 1991. In the last several years, however, researchers have begun to suspect that even lower concentrations may impa... | 0 | PMC1257668 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A473-A474 |
Trihalomethanes (THMs) are the result of a reaction between the chlorine used for disinfecting tap water and natural organic matter in the water. At elevated levels, THMs have been associated with negative health effects such as cancer and adverse reproductive outcomes. Now a study by government and academic researcher... | 0 | PMC1257669 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A474 |
It is a time of new beginnings for the Superfund Basic Research Program, a university-based grants program established in 1987. While maintaining the program’s premise of supporting basic research for practical application to address the problems associated with the nation’s hazardous waste sites, the program continues... | 0 | PMC1257670 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A475 |
Stem Cells and Cancer
The clonal nature of most malignant tumors is well established. Experiments spanning several decades have shown, however, that as many as one million murine or human tumor cells are required to transplant a new tumor from an existing one. Two theories have been developed to account for the observa... | 0 | PMC1257671 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A476-A477 |
Urinary creatinine is almost universally employed to adjust concentrations of urinary analytes for variations in hydration status. In the February 2005 issue of EHP, Barr et al. used data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) to establish reference ranges for urinary creatinine fo... | 16002357 | PMC1257672 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A442a |
Although individual predictors of urinary creatinine such as sex, body mass index, and age have been reported, no single research endeavor has documented the predictors in one study population as thoroughly as we reported in our recent article (Barr et al. 2005). The large volume of data available in the Third National... | 0 | PMC1257673 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A442b-A443 |
In their article published in the February issue of EHP, Ganey and Boyd (2005) made some excellent points about the potential pitfalls of simply assaying for the disappearance of an environmental pollutant during or as a result of bioremediation. This is important because it would be wrong to leave a metabolite that mi... | 16002359 | PMC1257674 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A444a |
In “Seasick Lungs: How Airborne Algal Toxins Trigger Asthma Symptoms” [
Environ Health Perspect 113:A324 (2005)], the accompanying photograph of Karenia brevis should have been credited to Daniel Baden/University of North Carolina at Wilmington.
“Linking Toenail Arsenic Content to Cutaneous Melanoma” [
Environ Health ... | 0 | PMC1257675 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A444b |
A National Academy of Sciences (NAS) panel has issued a final report on the health implications of perchlorate ingestion, recommending a reference dose of 0.0007 milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg) body weight. But the debate over the health risks posed by the chemical, used by the Department of Defense as a rocket fuel ad... | 16018112 | PMC1257676 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A449a |
“Cabin Fever” Fears Unfounded
Ever wonder how many infectious organisms are riding along with you in the cabin of a commercial airliner? According to a literature review in the 12 March 2005 Lancet, although airliner cabins are a suitable milieu for the spread of disease, the environmental control systems used by comme... | 0 | PMC1257677 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A449b-A451 |
Ionizing air cleaners—those staples of infomercials and splashy magazine ads—are not only ineffective at removing contaminants from indoor air, but also may emit enough ozone to be a health concern. The effects may be even greater in people with respiratory problems, who make up 80% of the buyers of such devices. Those... | 0 | PMC1257678 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A450a |
Spurred by recent developments abroad to design new approaches to chemical management, the University of Massachusetts Low-ell Center for Sustainable Production sponsored a two-day conference in April 2005 to stimulate similar productive changes in the United States. The event attracted a mix of some 170 environmentali... | 0 | PMC1257679 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A450b |
Although there is considerable evidence that pesticides are neurotoxic, most research has focused on the short- and long-term consequences of acute high-level exposure such as that seen during industrial accidents or food contamination. To date, little has been known about the effects of chronic moderate exposure such ... | 0 | PMC1257680 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A472a |
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) have long been known to alter growth and development in animals and humans, and are suspected of interfering with the action of thyroid hormone (TH) in humans. Much less is known about which congeners of this large chemical family may have such action and how they interfere with TH. Now... | 0 | PMC1257681 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A472b-A473 |
By Louis Theodore and Robert G. Kunz
Hoboken, NJ:John Wiley & Sons, 2005. 378 pp. ISBN: 0-471-69976-4, $99.95 cloth
This book, written mainly for engineering students, gives an excellent summary of traditional environmental pollution issues. Ten chapters cover current legislation regarding environmental pollutants; a... | 0 | PMC1257682 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:04 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A488a |
Apoptotic Pathways as Targets for Novel Therapies in Cancer and Other Diseases
Marek Los, Spencer B. Gibson, eds.
New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 396 pp. ISBN: 0-387-23384-9, $149
BioIndustry Ethics
David Finegold, Cecile Bensimon, Abdallah Daar, Margaret Eaton, Beatrice Godard, Bartha Knoppers, Jocelyn Mackie, Pet... | 0 | PMC1257683 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:03 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Jul; 113(7):A488b |
Introduction
Anorexia nervosa (AN) is an intractable illness with a high long-term mortality that affects 1% to 3.7% of the young women [1]. The death rate of patients with AN is up to 30 times greater than that of age-matched normal women. About 20% of AN patients remain chronically disabled [2]. Despite its grave com... | 16144551 | PMC1260012 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:08 | no | Ann Gen Psychiatry. 2005 Sep 6; 4:15 |
Background
The central metabolic pathways in bacteria, especially in E.coli, have been extensively studied to understand the physiology of the organisms under altered carbon sources [1]. One of the key regulatory enzymes in the universal tri-carboxylic acid energy cycle is the isocitrate dehydrodenase that allosterical... | 16194279 | PMC1260013 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:26:24 | no | BMC Biochem. 2005 Sep 29; 6:20 |
Background
Cervical cancer continues to be an important health burden with a yearly incidence of almost half a million new cases in the world and a mortality rate of about 50% [1]. Currently, locally advanced disease is treated with concurrent cisplatin-based chemoradiation [2]. However, approximately in 25% of all pat... | 16171526 | PMC1260014 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:05 | no | BMC Cancer. 2005 Sep 19; 5:118 |
Background
More than 50,000 new cases of urothelial carcinoma, which represents 90% of bladder cancer cases are diagnosed annually in Europe and in North America [1]. About 70% of bladder urothelial carcinomas are superficial (TNM stage pTa-1) and may be viewed, diagnosed and treated by cystoscopy aided by biopsies and... | 16207384 | PMC1260015 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:55 | no | BMC Clin Pathol. 2005 Oct 6; 5:9 |
Background
Embryonic stem cells (hESC) have been isolated from multiple species [1-4] including non-human primates [2] and humans [3,4]. Currently, over hundred different Human embryonic stem cell (hESC) lines have been established [3-7]. hESC populations grow as tightly compacted colonies of undifferentiated cells on ... | 16207381 | PMC1260016 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:30:31 | no | BMC Dev Biol. 2005 Oct 5; 5:22 |
Background
The recruitment of mRNAs to the ribosomal apparatus is a key step in the regulation of translation initiation. For the majority of eukaryotic mRNAs, recruitment is dependent upon the activity of the translation initiation factor eIF4E. eIF4E binds to the 5'-m7GTP-cap structure of mRNAs and to the initiation ... | 16191198 | PMC1260017 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:29:16 | no | BMC Evol Biol. 2005 Sep 28; 5:48 |
Background
In primary care the prevalence of psychological problems (e.g. depression, anxiety, stress, somatization, unexplained or functional symptoms) ranges from 30% to 70%. Patients with these complaints, symptoms or disorders frequently visit their general practitioner [1] and only 3% of all patients are referred ... | 16221299 | PMC1260018 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:29:13 | no | BMC Fam Pract. 2005 Oct 12; 6:42 |
Background
Genetic variation has been found to be a ubiquitous phenomenon, and forms the genetic basis for species diversity. Currently, there are sequence variant data accumulated for humans [1], mouse [2], soybean [3] and other organisms. With the completion of Human Genome Project [4], the study of genetic variation... | 16209714 | PMC1260019 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:32:48 | no | BMC Genomics. 2005 Oct 6; 6:140 |
Background
Acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) is still a major cause of morbidity after allogeneic HLA-identical bone marrow transplantation, occurring in 10–60% of patients receiving matched sibling allograft, depending on prophylaxis regimen. These figures turned out to be even higher in the case of unrelated ma... | 16202172 | PMC1260020 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:33 | no | BMC Med Genet. 2005 Oct 4; 6:36 |
Background
Accurate and early diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is a critical step in the management and control of TB. Because conventional tests for TB have several limitations, nucleic acid amplification (NAA) tests have emerged as promising alternatives. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the best-known and most w... | 16202138 | PMC1260021 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:41 | no | BMC Microbiol. 2005 Oct 3; 5:55 |
Background
Phacoemulsification and intra-ocular lens implantation (PhIOL) is one of the most cost-effective, elective surgical interventions. In order to minimise postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) rise, prophylaxis may be adopted. Currently, there are no specific guidelines for prophylaxis in uncomplicated catar... | 16212667 | PMC1260022 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:50 | no | BMC Ophthalmol. 2005 Oct 7; 5:24 |
Background
Teachers and parents claim that the youngest pupils in school classes perform less well and have more conduct and hyperactivity problems than their older classmates [1]. These allegations have been confirmed in several studies of school performance [2], special educational needs [3,4], learning difficulties ... | 16207379 | PMC1260023 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:28:57 | no | BMC Public Health. 2005 Oct 5; 5:102 |
Background
Public health agencies nationwide are developing surveillance systems using non-traditional data sources to enhance outbreak detection capacity. The New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH), for example, conducts daily monitoring of ambulance dispatch calls, emergency department (ED) vis... | 16212669 | PMC1260024 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:28:57 | no | BMC Public Health. 2005 Oct 7; 5:105 |
Background
Diabetes is a major and growing health care problem. The number of diabetes patients is expected to increase globally from 135 to 300 million between 1995 and 2025 [1], the vast majority will have type 2 diabetes [2]. The quality of care for diabetic patients in Germany was like in many western countries cri... | 16202151 | PMC1260025 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:28:57 | no | BMC Public Health. 2005 Oct 4; 5:99 |
Background
In terms of commercial production, pineapple [Ananas comosus (L.) Merrill] is the third most important tropical fruit after banana and mango. Pineapple fruits are classified as non-climacteric, as there is no respiratory burst or spike in ethylene production during ripening and exogenous application of ethyl... | 16202174 | PMC1260026 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:52 | no | BMC Plant Biol. 2005 Oct 5; 5:21 |
Since the coming-of-age of the scientific discipline called bioinformatics it has become increasingly clear that computers in biology will be important not only for managing and analyzing biological and biomedical data but also for modeling and simulation of life processes and systems. The field concerned with this asp... | 0 | PMC1260027 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:37:34 | no | Biomed Eng Online. 2005 Oct 4; 4:56 |
Background
Mosquitoes within the Anopheles gambiae species complex are the most important vectors of malaria in sub-Saharan Africa [1-3]. The infective bite of these mosquitoes is in large part responsible for the more than 500 million clinical attacks of malaria reported worldwide each year, resulting in more than one... | 16197541 | PMC1260028 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:24:13 | no | Malar J. 2005 Sep 30; 4:49 |
1.0 Introduction
The rapid proliferation of many different engineered nanomaterials presents a dilemma to regulators regarding hazard identification. The screening strategy developed by the International Life Sciences Institute Research Foundation/Risk Science Institute (ILSI RF/RSI) Nanomaterial Toxicity Screening Wor... | 16209704 | PMC1260029 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:38:30 | no | Part Fibre Toxicol. 2005 Oct 6; 2:8 |
Introduction
1.1 Global impact of RNA polymerases
Many of the world's population suffer from acute and chronic viral infection. The two common types of chronic viral hepatitis (CVH), hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) are major causes of death and morbidity; conservative estimates suggest 400 million people are persistently... | 16115320 | PMC1260030 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:38:59 | no | Virol J. 2005 Aug 22; 2:70 |
Background
Dynamic Programming is an elementary and widely used programming technique. Introductory textbooks on algorithms usually contain a section devoted to dynamic programming, where simple problems like matrix chain multiplication, polygon triangulation or string comparison are commonly used for the exposition. T... | 16156887 | PMC1261154 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 12; 6:224 |
Background
Gene expression microarrays provide a snapshot of the expression levels of thousands of genes within a cell or tissue sample. A persistent challenge is to interpret this data: to identify key genes or patterns of expression associated with some condition and so to gain valuable clues about the biological pro... | 16156896 | PMC1261155 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 12; 6:225 |
Background
To understand the global regulatory network underlying specific transcriptomes, several distinct aspects have to be considered [1,2]; (A) the genomic organization of those transcripts [3], (B) their regulation by general and specific transcription factors, (C) the influence of epigenetic effects such as e.g.... | 16171528 | PMC1261156 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 19; 6:230 |
Background
Gene expression microarrays are a prominent experimental tool in functional genomics. They have revolutionized biological research by providing genome-wide snapshots of transcriptional networks that are active in the cell. This opens the opportunity for gaining global, systems-level understanding of cellular... | 16176576 | PMC1261157 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:28 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 21; 6:232 |
Background
Since its launch in 1998, the Google search engine has all but monopolized page searches on the world-wide web [1]. The basis of this astonishing success is the PageRank algorithm developed by Google founders Larry Page and Sergey Brin [2], which allows efficient and stable prioritization of search results. ... | 16176585 | PMC1261158 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 21; 6:233 |
Background
Protein evolution has been largely modelled by considering the amino acid substitution process. There have been few statistical studies of the processes of insertion and deletion. Thorne et al. (1991) [2] described a theoretical parametric model that has been used to model the processes of insertion and dele... | 16188037 | PMC1261159 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:28 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 27; 6:236 |
Background
In order to dissect the complex machinery of transcriptional control computational tools are widely used [1]. Candidate binding sites of known transcription factors are located by consensus sequence search or binding scores calculated from position weight matrices (PWMs) [2]. These matrices are derived from ... | 16191190 | PMC1261160 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:26 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 28; 6:237 |
Background
Gene expression microarrays enable the simultaneous measurement of the expression levels of thousands of genes. Supervised classification of gene expression data aims to identify combinations of genes which give the best discrimination of groups of samples specified in advance. For such methods, which are cl... | 16191195 | PMC1261161 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 28; 6:239 |
Background
The central challenge of the post-genomic era is to determine the structures and functions of thousands of newly-identified putative proteins [1,2]. Elucidating how proteins carry out their functions in diverse contexts and in organisms from all three domains of life is both fundamentally important to unders... | 16194281 | PMC1261162 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Sep 30; 6:240 |
Background
Clustering of protein sequences from different organisms has been used to identify orthologous and paralogous protein sequences, to find protein sequences unique to an organism, and to derive the phylogenetic profile for a cluster of protein sequences. These are some of the essential components of a comparat... | 16202129 | PMC1261163 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:27:27 | no | BMC Bioinformatics. 2005 Oct 3; 6:242 |
Introduction
A protein superfamily has been defined as a group of proteins that share structure, sequence, and functional features that strongly suggest they are all derived from the same common ancestor protein [1]. However, because protein sequences are highly degenerate, protein superfamily relationships are often n... | 16244704 | PMC1261164 | CC BY | 2021-01-05 09:18:23 | no | PLoS Comput Biol. 2005 Oct 21; 1(5):e49 |
Background
Rice (Oryza sativa) is a major staple food and is consumed by nearly half the world's population. It accounts for more than 21% of global human per capita energy and 15% of per capita protein. In the past few decades, although rice production has doubled due to the introduction of high yielding varieties/hyb... | 16188032 | PMC1261165 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:15 | no | BMC Biol. 2005 Sep 27; 3:20 |
Background
Bleomycin (BLM) is a glycopeptide antibiotic that is used in treatment of variety of human neoplasms, particularly lymphomas, squamous cell carcinoma and germ-cell tumors [1,2]. New understandings of mechanisms of its cytotoxicity have led to development of more potent and toxic therapeutic analogues [1]. Be... | 16168056 | PMC1261257 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:05 | no | BMC Cancer. 2005 Sep 16; 5:115 |
Background
The successful treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is frequently impeded by the development of resistance to a wide spectrum of cytotoxic drugs and by cell proliferation. Daunorubicin (DNR), Cytarabine (AraC), Etoposide (VP16), Mitoxantrone (Mitox), and Amsacrin (AMSA) are used in the treatment of AML... | 16171532 | PMC1261258 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:04 | no | BMC Cancer. 2005 Sep 20; 5:120 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.