text string | pmid string | accession_id string | license string | last_updated string | retracted string | citation string |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Background
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the leading causes of blindness in the western world; with the most common cause of visual loss is the formation of choroidal neovascularization (CNV) [1]. Laser photocoagulation has been proven to be more effective than the natural history of the disease proc... | 16309554 | PMC1314893 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:50 | no | BMC Ophthalmol. 2005 Nov 25; 5:27 |
Background
The identification of a bacterial protein's subcellular localization (SCL) represents an important step in many analyses. Such information may provide clues regarding the function of a protein. It can assist in the design of laboratory experiments to study a particular protein, and in the case of surface-exp... | 16288665 | PMC1314894 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:32:46 | no | BMC Genomics. 2005 Nov 17; 6:162 |
Background
Mycobacterium senegalense was originally described by Chamoiseau in 1973 as a subspecies of Mycobacterium farcinogenes [1]. However, it was later recognized as a distinct species closely related to M. fortuitum [2]. M. senegalense is known as the principal pathogen of bovine farcy, which is a chronic disease... | 16307688 | PMC1314895 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:28:17 | no | BMC Infect Dis. 2005 Nov 25; 5:107 |
Background
The motor cortex of macaques is divided into four main regions: the primary motor cortex (M1), the premotor cortex (PM), the supplementary motor area (SMA) and the cingulate motor area (CMA). These regions have been subdivided further into distinct areas on the basis of anatomical and functional criteria. In... | 16309550 | PMC1314896 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:09 | no | BMC Neurosci. 2005 Nov 25; 6:67 |
Background
Caregivers learn when their children need immunizations in a variety of ways. For example, providers can remind caregivers, during an immunization visit, of the next scheduled immunization visit, or use reminder/recall systems. Less formally, caregivers can learn of needed immunization visits through relativ... | 16316458 | PMC1314897 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:31:07 | no | BMC Pediatr. 2005 Nov 29; 5:44 |
Background
In real-time RT-PCR, the expression levels of the target genes of interest are estimated on the basis of endogenous controls. Various housekeeping genes, ribosomal RNA (rRNA) and total RNA are most commonly used as references in gene expression analysis today. The purpose of these controls is to remove or re... | 16293192 | PMC1314898 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:22:25 | no | BMC Mol Biol. 2005 Nov 17; 6:21 |
Background
Gene expression profiling is expected to rapidly increase the information yield from experiments using nonhuman primates (NHPs). This is important because NHPs are required for the study of AIDS, stem cell biology, reproduction and neuroscience, but are expensive and in short supply [1-14].
One question whi... | 16288651 | PMC1314899 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:32:47 | no | BMC Genomics. 2005 Nov 15; 6:160 |
Background
Numerous whole genome sequence projects have been completed or are in progress, spanning a wide range of species among different orders. The genome sequences are providing novel insights into evolution and gene regulation that would have been impossible without these large-scale sequencing efforts. While a v... | 16305752 | PMC1314900 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:32:47 | no | BMC Genomics. 2005 Nov 23; 6:166 |
Tobacco is a pesticide-intensive crop. With nearly 27 million pounds of pesticides (including insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and suckercides) applied to the U.S.-grown crop from 1994 to 1998, it ranks sixth in terms of the amount of pesticides applied per acre [U.S. Government Accounting Office (GAO) 2003]. The ... | 16330343 | PMC1314901 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 8; 113(12):1659-1665 |
Exposure to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) is associated with increased risk for cancer, diabetes, and reproductive toxicities in numerous epidemiologic studies (Schecter and Gasiewicz 2003). Several of these studies base exposure estimates on measurements of blood levels years after accidental or occupatio... | 16330344 | PMC1314902 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 25; 113(12):1666-1668 |
Over the last two decades, atmospheric concentrations of lead have decreased significantly around the globe as more and more nations have chosen to remove tetraethylead from gasoline (Thomas et al. 1999). However, humans may also be exposed to Pb through contaminated food, water, and house dust and through industrial a... | 16330345 | PMC1314903 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 11; 113(12):1669-1674 |
The lower Columbia River supports one of the most productive white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) fisheries in North America (DeVore et al. 1995; McCabe and Tracy 1994). Fish trapped behind the dams of the hydroelectric system, however, have reduced reproductive success compared with animals in the free-flowing por... | 16330346 | PMC1314904 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 11; 113(12):1675-1682 |
Arsenic that is naturally present in soil can be mobilized and transported, leading to increased concentrations of As in aquifers that are sources of drinking water (Harvey et al. 2002). The largest contemporary known mass exposure to As is occurring due to the consumption of tube-well water throughout the Ganges-Brahm... | 16330347 | PMC1314905 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 21; 113(12):1683-1688 |
Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of chemicals used extensively as flame retardants to decrease flammability of polymeric materials and textiles (Sjödin etal. 2003). PBDEs possess similar chemical and physical properties to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), that is, high lipophilicity, low vapor pressu... | 16330348 | PMC1314906 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 8; 113(12):1689-1692 |
The association between particulate air pollution and cardiovascular mortality rate and hospitalization has been reported in epidemiologic studies (Koken et al. 2003; Pope et al. 1999, 2004a). In most epidemiologic studies, particulate matter (PM) has been characterized as the mass concentration of coarse particles wit... | 16330349 | PMC1314907 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 8; 113(12):1693-1697 |
We recently discovered that housing adult male or female rats on ground corncob bedding blocks male and female sexual behavior and cyclicity (Markaverich et al. 2002b). These results suggested that this bedding material contained endocrine-disruptive substances. We initially postulated that the endocrine-disruptive age... | 16330350 | PMC1314908 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 8; 113(12):1698-1704 |
The presence and potential adverse effects of pharmaceuticals in the aquatic environment have begun to receive increasing attention in the popular and scientific press in recent years. This increase is largely a result of a number of scientific papers published in the 1990s that reported trace levels of pharmaceuticals... | 16330351 | PMC1314909 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 9; 113(12):1705-1711 |
Spatial information has long been used to study the environmental contamination patterns of persistent organochlorine pollutants. These environmental data are often used as surrogates for exposure experienced by the studied community. However, organochlorine levels may also be measured in serum, providing a more accura... | 16330352 | PMC1314910 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 17; 113(12):1712-1716 |
The photochemical oxidant ozone (O3) is the air pollutant in smog thought to be of greatest concern with regard to acute health effects [U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 1996]. Although considerable progress has been made in improving U.S. air quality since air pollution standards were established in 1970, ab... | 16330353 | PMC1314911 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 23; 113(12):1717-1722 |
Since the early reports of increased deaths from cardiopulmonary disease (CPD) after serious air pollution episodes (Firket 1931; Logan 1953), studies both within the United States and abroad have found similar short-term effects of air pollution (Dominici et al. 2003; Samet et al. 2000; Zanobetti et al. 2003).
Studie... | 16330354 | PMC1314912 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 2; 113(12):1723-1729 |
The classic description of lead neuropathy is that of a motor neuropathy that typically presents as wrist drop. More recently, investigators demonstrated that, in the development of lead neuropathy, sensory nerve fibers are affected earlier than motor nerve fibers (Chuang et al. 2000; Kovala et al. 1997; Rubens et al. ... | 16330355 | PMC1314913 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 8; 113(12):1730-1734 |
Arsenic occurs naturally in the environment, and inorganic forms are of greatest health concern [Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) 2000]. Arsenic in soil has been the focus of regulatory action at sites in the United States for which health risk assessments are used to guide decisions on soil cle... | 16330356 | PMC1314914 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 17; 113(12):1735-1740 |
Interest in particulate matter (PM) air pollution has been driven by epidemiologic studies reporting adverse cardiac and respiratory health effects [Bascom et al. 1996; Dockery 2001; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 2004]. To further investigate the basis for these epidemiologic findings, it is important to a... | 16330357 | PMC1314915 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 25; 113(12):1741-1746 |
The advancement of microarray technology has allowed investigators to examine simultaneously changes in thousands of genes induced by environmental toxins. McDowell et al. (2000), using gene array with more than 8,000 cDNAs, found patterns of gene expression consistent with acute lung injury in nickel-treated mice. Sat... | 16330358 | PMC1314916 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 21; 113(12):1747-1754 |
Mycotoxins are fungal metabolites that can contaminate agricultural products and threaten food safety. The Food and Agriculture Organization estimates that mycotoxins contaminate 25% of agricultural crops worldwide (Smith et al. 1994). Aflatoxins, a group of mycotoxins mainly produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergil... | 16330360 | PMC1314917 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 10; 113(12):1763-1767 |
Airborne particulate matter (PM) air pollution is presently regulated by the National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) using gravimetric mass as the particle metric to assess air quality. However, an enormous number of different chemical species are associated with the various types of ambient particles, depending... | 16330361 | PMC1314918 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 1; 113(12):1768-1774 |
Controlled human exposure studies have shown acute dose–effect relations for exposure to volatile organic compounds (VOCs) with respect to odor and irritative symptoms (Mölhave et al. 1986, 1991). Also, histamine release from human bronchoalveolar cells has been shown after exposure to microbial VOCs (MVOCs) from indoo... | 16330362 | PMC1314919 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 9; 113(12):1775-1778 |
During January–June 2004, the Kenya Ministry of Health (MOH) and partners identified 317 cases of acute hepatic failure in eastern Kenya; 125 cases occurred in persons who subsequently died during the illness. Seven patients had serum samples analyzed at the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), and all were negati... | 16330363 | PMC1314920 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 9; 113(12):1779-1783 |
Dimethylamine borane [DMAB, dimethylamine-borane complex; (CH3)2NHBH3, CAS no. 74-94-2] is a strong reducing agent and is an important chemical in the semiconductor industry (Jagannathan and Krishnan 1993). DMAB is a white, crystalline solid with a molecular weight of 58.92 g/mol and melting point of 33–36°C. The chemi... | 16330364 | PMC1314921 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 12; 113(12):1784-1786 |
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) was extensively used around the world as an insecticide from the 1940s until the end of the 1980s. Today, it is still widely sprayed in developing countries for disease-vector control (Wendo 2004). DDT is rapidly metabolized to 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl) ethylene [p,p′-DD... | 16330365 | PMC1314922 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 18; 113(12):1787-1790 |
Most studies of relationships between particulate matter (PM) air pollution and health are based on 24-hr PM measurements. This approach has been driven mainly by the availability of 24-hr gravimetric monitors operated by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. However, there currently are several continuous PM monit... | 16330366 | PMC1314923 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 8; 113(12):1791-1794 |
The poor housing available to low-income families may be a chief contributor to persistent health disparities in the United States (Bashir 2002; Brugge et al. 2001; Crain et al. 2002; Kinney et al. 2002; Krieger and Higgins 2002; Krieger et al. 2002; Marsh 1982; Rauh et al. 2002; Thiele 2002). Deteriorated housing and ... | 16330367 | PMC1314924 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 27; 113(12):1795-1801 |
Approximately 340 million kilograms of agricultural pesticide active ingredient is used annually in the United States (Donaldson et al. 2002), and 85% of U.S. households store at least one pesticide for home use (Adgate et al. 2000; Whitmore et al. 1992). In 1993, the National Resource Council raised concerns that high... | 16330368 | PMC1314925 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 18; 113(12):1802-1807 |
The chemical mixture of disinfection byproducts (DBPs) has not been fully characterized but is known to contain trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs), haloacetonitriles, and other classes of chemicals, some of which are mutagenic or carcinogenic in laboratory animals (Nieuwenhuijsen et al. 2000). Total THMs (... | 16330369 | PMC1314926 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 17; 113(12):1808-1813 |
In recent years there have been a significant number of publications on benefits and challenges of community-based participatory research (CBPR) (Shepard et al. 2002). The National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), through several extramural activities, promotes CBPR that encourages partnerships betwe... | 16330370 | PMC1314927 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 18; 113(12):1814-1816 |
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the largest contributor to all-cause mortality in the United States and accounts for one-third of the excess mortality experienced by non-Hispanic black compared with non-Hispanic white Americans (Wong et al. 2002). Although CVD risk has declined substantially over the past 30 years, thi... | 16330371 | PMC1314928 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 18; 113(12):1817-1825 |
There is considerable concern about the possible effects of endocrine-disrupting compounds such as polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) on the development of thyroid function (Brouwer et al. 1998; Osius et al. 1999; Persky et al. 2001; Ribas-Fito et al. 2003) and neurobehavioral maturation (Guo et al. 1994; Jacobson et al.... | 16330372 | PMC1314929 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 18; 113(12):1826-1832 |
Classic epidemiologic studies and historical research document that in the past, blacks in particular were openly selected for unpleasant, “dirty” jobs regarded as unsuitable for other workers (Baron 1983; Cherniak 1986; Lloyd 1971; Taylor and Murray 2000). Historically, employers have also sought to reduce labor costs... | 16330373 | PMC1314930 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 18; 113(12):1833-1840 |
As a University of London undergraduate beginning a module on pathology, I remember Professor Frank Fairweather opening his lecture by pointing to a large boil on his forehead as an example of acute inflammation. He then proceeded to describe the gross pathological characteristics of acute inflammation: weal, brief blo... | 16330328 | PMC1314931 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A794-A795 |
Environmental Health Perspectives (EHP) is like one of the lighthouses that dot the North Carolina coast; the journal acts as a beacon warning people of potential environmental dangers and, at the same time, welcomes people whose goal is to improve global health. Although we report areas of concern about how our enviro... | 0 | PMC1314932 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A795 |
I believe that the physician-scientist represents an endangered species in biomedical research, and is absolutely essential to achieving our vision for the NIEHS. As a physician-scientist, my thoughts on this topic are somewhat biased and reflect my parochial views, as well as the more reasoned concerns raised by other... | 16332545 | PMC1314933 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A796 |
We read with interest the article by Kalinich et al. (2005) on the generation of rhabdomyosarcomas from “embedded weapons-grade tungsten alloy.” Although the study design and the reported findings are of great interest, we are concerned about certain statements made in both the “Introduction” and the “Discussion” of th... | 16330331 | PMC1314934 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A801-A802 |
In his letter on our recent article in EHP (Luckenbach and Epel 2005), Salvito raises important questions about effects of the synthetic musk fragrances regarding a) human and environmental health effects, b) environmental concentrations of the musks, and c) uniqueness of inhibition of efflux transporters to the musks,... | 0 | PMC1314935 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A803-A804 |
In their review of the history of the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency’s (EPA) response to the question of human testing of pesticides, Resnick and Portier (2005) argued that the benefits of such testing outweigh the hazards, and they attempted to refute claims that human testing is both unproductive and unethical.... | 16330333 | PMC1314936 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A804-A805 |
There was an error in Figure 2 of Zeman et al. [
Environ Health Perspect 110:817–822 (2002)]: the y-axis should have been labeled “Nitrite” instead of “Nitrate.” The corrected figure appears below.
In Giusi et al. [
Environ Health Perspect 113:1522–1529 (2005)], the colors were incorrect in the key to Figure 1. The co... | 0 | PMC1314937 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A807 |
The 2004 Monitoring the Future (MTF) survey showed that inhalant use (“huffing”) is rising among American teenage students, particularly 8th graders. The results, released in December 2004, showed that 9.6% of 8th graders used inhalants in 2004, up from 7.7% in 2002 and 8.7% in 2003. Inhalant use was also up slightly a... | 16330336 | PMC1314938 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A808 |
The National Eye Institute (NEI) is the primary institute of the NIH for supporting and conducting research on preventing, diagnosing, and treating eye diseases and other vision disorders. Currently the NEI oversees approximately 1,600 research projects at more than 250 institutions in addition to the research ongoing ... | 0 | PMC1314939 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A811 |
Sometimes in science, as in politics, connections arise that may at first glance appear to be strange bedfellows. That might be the natural first impression of a potential association between chemical intolerance and addiction. But although the conditions are manifested by behaviors that appear to be polar opposites—su... | 16330337 | PMC1314940 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A812-A814 |
With increased emphasis being placed on the importance of environmental health comes the need for an expanded variety of environmental health care practitioners. Nursing is one of several professions that are augmenting and advancing the capabilities of their practitioners to meet this need. Now the Community Outreach ... | 16353307 | PMC1314941 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A814-A815 |
Johnson J, Bagley J, Skaznik-Wikiel M, Lee H-J, Adams GB, Niikura Y, Tschudy KS, Tilly TC, Cortes ML, Forkert R, Spitzer T, Iacomini J, Scadden DT, Tilly JL. 2005. Oocyte generation in adult mammalian ovaries by putative germ cells in bone marrow and peripheral blood. Cell 122:303–315.
The theory that female mammals a... | 0 | PMC1314942 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A815 |
What do gunshot wounds, burns, heart attacks, arthritis, asthma, and cancer all share in common? Apart from inflicting misery, these conditions—and others too—involve inflammation, an immune response to injury and infection that normally protects, but sometimes endangers or kills patients. Caused by immune cells accumu... | 16330338 | PMC1314943 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A816-A821 |
Our eyes are our window to the world, but for many people the view becomes dim or even darkens entirely due to visual impairment. Although the full impact of the environment on sight is unknown and significant gaps remain in our understanding of vision disorders, many reports have shown that low vision and blindness ca... | 16330339 | PMC1314944 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A822-A827 |
Since 1976 the Toxic Substances Control Act (TSCA) has given the federal government the power to require that chemicals are properly tested and regulated before they reach the market, and that they don’t pose unreasonable risks to human and environmental health. TSCA is the key piece of legislation governing the way th... | 16330340 | PMC1314945 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A828-A830 |
What does the word “fermentation” bring to mind? Beer? Bread? Ethanol derived from corn and other plant matter? How about succinate? Since 2001, biochemist George Bennett and bioengineer Ka-Yiu San, both professors at Rice University, have been tinkering with Escherichia coli to coax it to convert sugars to succinate, ... | 16330341 | PMC1314946 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A832-A835 |
Millions of people are exposed to aflatoxins, toxic compounds produced by Aspergillus molds. These molds infest staple crops such as maize, peanuts, rice, and wheat throughout the world. Outbreaks of aflatoxicosis affecting up to several hundred people at a time have occurred sporadically, most recently in eastern Keny... | 0 | PMC1314947 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A837-A838 |
Long-term lead exposure among industrial workers can result in neuropathy (a disorder of the peripheral nervous system), while lower exposure levels cause muscle weakness. Until recently, however, the interaction between lead toxicity and chronic repetitive muscle use had not been investigated. Researchers from the Cen... | 0 | PMC1314948 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A838 |
Epigenetics refers to the study of gene silencing and non-Mendelian inheritance of traits. By controlling the expression of key genes and associated pathways, epigenetics provides an elegant mechanism for time and tissue-specific expression of key biologic molecules across the life span.
The available data support the... | 0 | PMC1314949 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A839 |
Ecology and Oceanography of Harmful Algal Blooms
The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), as part of its Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program, and its interagency partners, the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), the National Aeronautic and Space Administration (NASA), and the Offi... | 0 | PMC1314950 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A840-A841 |
We read with interest the recent study titled “Neurologic Symptoms in Licensed Private Pesticide Applicators in the Agricultural Health Study” (Kamel et al. 2005). Although this was a hypothesis-generating study, the authors speculated regarding moderate exposure and associations with neurologic symptoms. Substantiatio... | 16330330 | PMC1314951 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A800a |
Burns and Goldstein raise several issues regarding our paper (Kamel et al. 2005), in which we reported that applicators chronically exposed to moderate levels of pesticide experience more neurologic symptoms. They assert that our measures of exposure and effect are not “meaningful.” We disagree.
Burns and Goldstein st... | 0 | PMC1314952 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A800b-A801 |
We would like to address Schell’s comments about our article published in EHP (Kalinich et al. 2005). Schell expresses concern about certain statements we made in our article about embedded tungsten alloy fragments, especially our reference to the undisputed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) finding that... | 0 | PMC1314953 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A802a |
A recent article by Luckenbach and Epel (2005) on in vitro observations of inhibitory properties exhibited by certain nitromusk and polycyclic musk fragrance ingredients on mussel cells raised some concerns regarding potential environmental risks and safety to humans that may be associated with nitromusk and polycyclic... | 16330332 | PMC1314954 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A802b-A803 |
In their letter, Needleman et al. suggest that our arguments regarding the ethics of human testing of pesticides (Resnik and Portier 2005) are “vague, tendentious, and essentially incorrect.” However, they offer no effective sustained arguments in support of this conclusion.
They cite the Food Quality Protection Act (... | 0 | PMC1314955 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A805a |
That individually and environmentally mediated cofactors function in the development of infant methemoglobinemia (iMHG) is not a new finding. Studies cited by Fewtrell (2004) note these cofactors. In my work on iMHG, using a nested case–control study that was not cited by Fewtrell (2004), I confirmed that cofactors (fe... | 16330334 | PMC1314956 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A805b-A806 |
In her letter, Zeman seems to be objecting to three points relating my article (Fewtrell 2004): that the role of cofactors is not new, that her articles were not cited, and that exposure–response data are available.
First, in my article (Fewtrell 2004) I did not suggest that the role of cofactors was a novel discovery... | 0 | PMC1314957 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A806a |
Washam (2005) described various poultry inoculation strategies being considered for controlling the spread of avian influenza in Southeast Asia and China. Longini et al. (2005) proposed that a future avian influenza A pandemic might be contained at the source by targeted prophylaxis, quarantine, and prevaccination.
Wa... | 16330335 | PMC1314958 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A806b-A807 |
No one knows to what degree genetics or environmental agents cause lupus, an autoimmune disorder that affects the skin, joints, and internal organs including the kidneys. However, researchers at Indiana State University may have strengthened the environmental evidence by discovering that phthalates trigger lupus antibo... | 16353305 | PMC1314959 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A809a |
Fly the Environmentally Friendly Skies
In June 2005, the British airline industry unveiled a 15-year initiative to make itself more environmentally friendly. The industry wants to improve its fuel efficiency, reduce perceived external noise, and lower carbon dioxide emissions on new planes by 50% and nitrogen oxide emi... | 0 | PMC1314960 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A809b-A811 |
Retroviruses called human T-lymphotropic viruses (HTLVs) are found in two types—HTLV-1 and HTLV-2—in people all over the world. Genetic evidence suggests that they crossed into humans from simian T-lymphotropic viruses (STLVs) and that each type, plus various subtypes, have crossed independently. Now, two more types of... | 16353306 | PMC1314961 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:29 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A810a |
“All global environmental change eventually ends up as a human health problem,” said Eric Chivian, director of the Harvard Center for Health and the Global Environment, opening the August 2005 First International Conference on Health and Biodiversity in Galway, Ireland. Speaker after speaker showed how careless disrega... | 0 | PMC1314962 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A810b |
Most countries have banned the agricultural use of the organochlorine insecticide DDT because of the way this persistent, fat-soluble compound accumulates in the food chain. However, DDT is still widely sprayed in developing countries to combat malaria-bearing mosquitoes. Studies have linked exposure to DDT and its per... | 0 | PMC1314963 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A836a |
A growing body of evidence links chronic exposure to air pollution––especially particulate matter (PM)––with mortality resulting from a variety of heart, lung, and respiratory diseases. A new study corroborates this association, and indicates that women may be at greater risk than men of fatal coronary heart disease (C... | 0 | PMC1314964 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A836b-A837 |
Patrick J. Sullivan, Franklin J. Agardy, and James. J.J. Clark
Burlington, MA:Elsevier, 2005. 368 pp. ISBN: 0-7506-7876-3, $59.95 cloth
Our ever-increasing knowledge of the subtle impacts of contaminants on the ecosystem and the public health of the community demand an evidence-informed and fact-based approach to dea... | 0 | PMC1314965 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A858a |
Advances in Air Pollution Modeling for Environmental Security: Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop
István Faragó, Krassimir Georgiev, Ágnes Havasi, eds.
New York:Springer-Verlag, 2005. 406 pp. ISBN: 1-4020-3350-8, $84.95
Advances in Arsenic Research: Integration of Experimental and Observational Studi... | 0 | PMC1314966 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:31 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec; 113(12):A858b |
Every recent assessment of coastal habitats worldwide, from tropical reefs to temperate estuaries, has cited land-based pollution or runoff as a major threat to aquatic ecosystem health (Fabricius 2005; Li and Daler 2004; Pew Oceans Commission 2003; U.S. Commission on Ocean Policy 2004). As pervasive components of runo... | 16330359 | PMC1315066 | CC0 | 2021-01-04 23:41:30 | no | Environ Health Perspect. 2005 Dec 10; 113(12):1755-1762 |
Introduction
Unlike many other members of the phylum Apicomplexa, malaria parasites limit their infection of host cells to the restricted population of erythrocytes in the bloodstream. The invasion of erythrocytes and the subsequent cycles of growth, replication, and rupturing of infected cells are responsible for the ... | 16362075 | PMC1315277 | CC BY | 2021-01-05 12:11:25 | no | PLoS Pathog. 2005 Dec 16; 1(4):e37 |
Introduction
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is considered a CD4+ T helper-1-mediated autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system (CNS). The etiology of MS remains unclear, but the disease develops in genetically susceptible individuals and likely requires environmental triggers. Epidemiological studies have sho... | 16362076 | PMC1315278 | CC0 | 2021-01-05 12:11:25 | no | PLoS Pathog. 2005 Dec 16; 1(4):e41 |
Introduction
During skeletal development, the anabolic activity of osteoblasts [1] is favored over the catabolic activity of osteoclasts [2], which results in a net gain in bone mass. At skeletal maturity, bone mass is maintained through the balanced activity of osteoblasts and osteoclasts during the remodeling cycle. ... | 16362077 | PMC1315279 | CC BY | 2021-01-05 07:59:38 | no | PLoS Genet. 2005 Dec 16; 1(6):e74 |
Introduction
Members of the silent information regulator 2 (SIR2) family of genes encode highly conserved nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+)-dependent deacetylases present in organisms from archaebacteria to eukaryotes [1]. In the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Sir2p is a histone deacetylase required for heteroc... | 16362078 | PMC1315280 | CC BY | 2021-01-05 08:00:26 | no | PLoS Genet. 2005 Dec 16; 1(6):e77 |
Introduction
Mapping genetic factors that underlie quantitative traits in humans has been a challenging task in the absence of large samples with accurate phenotypic measures and dense genotypic data. In particular, one of the gaps in our knowledge of human biology is the structure of genetic variation affecting gene r... | 16362079 | PMC1315281 | CC BY | 2021-01-05 07:59:37 | no | PLoS Genet. 2005 Dec 16; 1(6):e78 |
Background
The south Asian (SA) population of United States was 1,893,723 in the year 2000 [1], and between 1990 and 2000 this population grew in size by 106%. Persons with origins in India, Pakistan, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka are classified as SA and they are now the third largest Asian subgroup in the United States, ... | 16283945 | PMC1315316 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:19 | no | J Carcinog. 2005 Nov 10; 4:21 |
Background
In addition to its barrier function, the airway epithelium plays an important role for the immune response in the lung [1]. Thus, the lung epithelium is a major source of cytokine, chemokines and other inflammatory mediators that affect the adaptive and innate immune response and therefore modulate inflammat... | 16316467 | PMC1315317 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:36:23 | no | J Inflamm (Lond). 2005 Nov 29; 2:16 |
Background
Immediately after delivery healthy newborn underwent care procedures to prevent some diseases. Usually these interventions are done according to nurseries' common place and traditions which sometimes are not consistent with established guidelines and/or with evidence based medicine issues.
The key aims of t... | 16329760 | PMC1315318 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:31:06 | no | BMC Pediatr. 2005 Dec 5; 5:45 |
Introduction
The national health information needs of developing countries are increasingly relying on the collection of biological and physiological measures [1-5]. The use of these biomarkers in population-based surveys has led to a call for a review of the ethical standards under which surveys are conducted in less-... | 16313670 | PMC1315319 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:02 | no | Global Health. 2005 Nov 28; 1:16 |
Background
Africa experiences a huge burden of childhood disease in a context of limited resources for health care and research. Sixty five percent of the burden of disease in sub-Saharan Africa in 1990 was attributable to childhood conditions [1]. In 2001 28 of the 30 countries with the highest under-5 mortality rates... | 16300672 | PMC1315320 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:37:16 | no | Health Res Policy Syst. 2005 Nov 21; 3:7 |
Background
The branched-chain fatty acid (BCFA) or alcohols has been reported to suppress the proliferation or development of tumor cells [3]. Recently, 13-methyltetradecanoic acid (13-MTD), an iso-C15 saturated fatty acid, was purified as an anti-cancer agent from a soy-fermentation product [4]. 13-MTD inhibited cell ... | 16305741 | PMC1315321 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:18 | no | Lipids Health Dis. 2005 Nov 23; 4:29 |
Background
Intestinal epithelium is organized as a single layer which covers the luminal side of this part of the digestive tract. Cells that form this inner cover present specialisations according to their role in the digestive function but they have also common functions and are continuously renewed by the stem cell ... | 16321165 | PMC1315322 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:31:29 | no | BMC Cell Biol. 2005 Dec 1; 6:42 |
Background
In the metformin treatment of insulin resistance-related complications, the mitochondrial effects of the drug are probably crucial in explaining its unique efficacy [1]. Mitochondrial dysfunctions have been reported in the muscle in type 2 diabetes [2] and in age-related insulin resistance [3], suggesting a ... | 16300674 | PMC1315323 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:37:46 | no | Nutr Metab (Lond). 2005 Nov 21; 2:32 |
Background
Rectovaginal fistula is uncommon after lower anterior resection for rectal cancer. The most leading cause of this complication is involvement of the posterior wall of the vagina into the staple line when firing the circular stapler. Here we report a very rare case developed in a restorative surgery after Har... | 16285887 | PMC1315324 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:03 | no | World J Surg Oncol. 2005 Nov 15; 3:74 |
Background
The most common cause of extrahepatic neonatal cholestasis is biliary atresia (BA). BA is an obstructive cholangiopathy and the end result of a destructive inflammatory process that affects the biliary ductal system. This disease is more common in girls and involves 0.8–1/10000 live births [1]. The etiology ... | 16321152 | PMC1315325 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:28:14 | no | BMC Infect Dis. 2005 Dec 1; 5:108 |
Background
Evidence from studies of working memory has long indicated that the rate at which items are encoded into memory and subsequently recognized varies with stimulus type [1-3], that different processes are involved in verbal and nonverbal working memory [4,5], and that verbal memory depends specifically on the s... | 16287504 | PMC1315326 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:39:20 | no | Behav Brain Funct. 2005 Nov 15; 1:20 |
Introduction
A 9-kilodalton cytosolic calcium-binding protein termed as Calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) belongs to a family of intracellular proteins which have high affinities for calcium, and has two calcium binding domains [1]. The full-length cDNA encoding the human CaBP-9k has been cloned using reverse transcription/PCR, ... | 16288660 | PMC1315327 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:37:13 | no | Reprod Biol Endocrinol. 2005 Nov 16; 3:66 |
Background
Cigarette smoke, the major risk factor for COPD and lung cancer, contains over 4,500 chemical compounds, including free radicals and oxidants. These compounds are present in both the gas and the tar phase [1] and have been shown to cause epithelial lung injury [2,3]. Epithelial integrity is normally restored... | 16309548 | PMC1315328 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:36:25 | no | Respir Res. 2005 Nov 25; 6(1):140 |
pmcIntroduction
"The scientific exploration of North American salt lakes was relatively slow off the mark." [1]
The geoenvironmental examination of lakes had its origin during the latter part of the nineteenth century with classic works on the Great Basin lakes of western United States [2-4] and central Europe [5,6].... | 16297237 | PMC1315329 | CC BY | 2022-09-08 23:19:43 | no | Saline Syst. 2005 Nov 18; 1:10 |
Background
Maintaining adequate spinal stability is considered necessary in the avoidance of low back injury [1]. Spinal stability is theorized by Panjabi [2] to be maintained by the interaction of three systems: the active system, the passive system and the neural control system. The active system is composed of the m... | 16305746 | PMC1315330 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:38:22 | no | Chiropr Osteopat. 2005 Nov 23; 13:23 |
Background
S. pneumoniae infections remain the major cause of pneumonia, meningitis and otitis in many countries, and a growing number of isolates appear to be resistant to penicillin. Purulent meningitis due to S. pneumoniae was recognized more than twenty years ago to be a serious problem in African countries [1] and... | 16287512 | PMC1315331 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:40 | no | BMC Microbiol. 2005 Nov 16; 5:66 |
Background
There is controversy over the therapeutic life of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) when used alone for the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in Africa. Experts do not all agree on which drug efficacy measurements more accurately predict usefulness of a drug in a community. Some consider clearance of symptoms ... | 16297234 | PMC1315332 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:37:31 | no | Malar J. 2005 Nov 18; 4:55 |
Background
The number of periodical peer-reviewed scientific publications is conservatively estimated to exceed 16,000 worldwide; nearly 1.4 million articles are published every year [1,2]. Even though electronic formats theoretically allow access to most current publications, the sum of subscription fees charged by mo... | 16324222 | PMC1315333 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:38:25 | no | Biomed Digit Libr. 2005 Dec 5; 2:7 |
Background
In most developed countries, breast cancer is second only to lung cancer as the most common cause of cancer-related death in women, [1] and thus represents a serious health-care problem. Systemic therapy for patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) consists of hormonal therapy and cytotoxic chemotherapy.... | 16316459 | PMC1315334 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:03:08 | no | BMC Cancer. 2005 Nov 29; 5:151 |
Background
Chronic liver disease is characterized by decreased regeneration of hepatocytes and increased formation of fibrous tissue. These characteristics may be the sequel of various chronic processes such as cholestasis, viral infections, toxin exposure, and metabolic disorders. Dogs have complex liver diseases such... | 16336649 | PMC1315335 | CC BY | 2021-01-04 16:38:24 | no | Comp Hepatol. 2005 Dec 7; 4:7 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.