Split (1)

train · 200k rows

text stringlengths 1 177k
Yevgeni Gennadyevich Yefremov (; born 20 July 1979) is a former Russian professional football player. Club career He played two seasons in the Russian Football National League for FC Spartak-Orekhovo Orekhovo-Zuyevo and FC Dynamo Makhachkala. References External links 1979 births Living people Russian men's footballers Men's association football midfielders FC Volga Nizhny Novgorod players FC Zhemchuzhina-Sochi players FC Sever Murmansk players FC Znamya Truda Orekhovo-Zuyevo players FC Dynamo Makhachkala players
最好的祛痘印的方法？痘痘的发生通常与身体和精神代谢紊乱密切相关，如压力、睡眠不足、疲劳和便秘。一方面痘痘的形成是由于化妆品使用不当造成的，另一方面人体所承受的压力也间接成为长痘痘的重要因素。首先痘印是由于长痘痘的地方没有完全的消除，导致在肌肤上留下一些发黑或者是发红的痕迹，这种情况下的痘印一般颜色和深浅不一，颜色的话主要是以红色以及黑色为主，有些时候肌肤上也会留下一些灰色的痘印，这种痘印主要是由于在长痘痘的过程中，肌肤可能由于发炎或者是发炎之后没有完全的消退，导致肌肤上的血管没有马上恢复到原本的状态下，从而就在肌肤上出现了一些发红的痘印。祛痘印可以选择激光的方法，激光可以除去面部的痘痘痘印，而且效果是很不错的。由于激光手术之后，皮肤可能会比较敏感，容易导致皮肤水肿，瘙痒，疼痛等多种症状，这个时候要重视饮食和卫生的调节，远离各种细菌的干扰。如果这个时候经常接触不良的生活环境，那么皮肤的感染症状会特别严重，因此要多加注意。另外平时也要加强个人饮食，多吃促进皮肤恢复的食物。激光祛疤的原理是利用不同波长的彩光选择性地对疤痕部位进行治疗，通过对激光波长的控制，能够在不伤害皮肤组织的条件下修复不同组织、不同程度的疤痕。当激光照射到皮肤上时会穿透到皮下，将疤痕组织从颗粒变成粉末，直到被细胞吸收和去除，然后疤痕会从深变浅，从浅变不存在。激光祛痘治疗快捷方便，对皮肤没有任何刺激，没有感光现象，治疗过程简单，没有副作用。
芬地林药理作用？为普尼拉明类钙拮抗药，化学结构及作用与普尼拉明极相似,有较强的血压扩张作用，为钙调蛋白拮抗药。
張子岱（），生於香港，已退役香港足球運動員，司職前鋒，綽號「阿香」，籍貫上海直轄市，前中華民國國腳，為叱吒香港及亞洲球壇的球星，於1960至62年效力英格蘭甲組聯賽球會黑池，是歷來首位加盟歐洲頂級聯賽的華人及亞洲球員，在1998年世界盃前夕全球體育記者就五大洲選出本世紀各洲的最佳陣容，其中張子岱在亞洲最佳陣容中榜上有名，亦是唯一入選的華人球員，與父親張金海及四弟張子慧都是前中華民國國腳。於2016年協拍攝紀錄片《尋找張子岱》，在同年8月，年屆75歲的張子岱遠赴英國重返現於英格蘭乙組聯賽作賽的黑池，與前英格蘭國腳占美安菲及等昔日隊友及球迷重聚，獲球會高規格接待，而英國傳媒亦有廣泛報導。球會生涯初生之犢張子岱生於香港，幼年居住於香港島黃泥涌，父親張金海為上海著名足球員。其父於1938年從上海移居香港後，投效勁旅星島。由於年幼的張子岱常跟隨父親常於跑馬地球場進行操練，使他球技日漸磨練成熟，為日後的足球事業打下了穩實基礎。他在小學階段就讀慈幼學校，由於學校對推行足球運動不遺餘力，令張子岱在小學足球隊已顯露其足球天賦及能力，升讀慈幼英文學校後，於學界比賽初嚐比賽經驗，並成為學界足球精英。他在15歲加入星島預備組，並大放異彩。於1959年5月24日的士丹利木盾七人賽帶領星島乙組一眾小將迎戰勁旅東華甲組，張子岱單憑其個人突破能力，先後於比賽1分鐘和6分鐘兩度攻破東華大門，並隨即採取死守戰術，最終爆冷擊敗大熱門東華甲組。在1959年，他獲甲組勁旅東華賞識，邀請加盟，與當時炙手可熱的球星姚卓然、陳輝洪及吳偉文等同隊作賽，其後於1959年9月12日，繼姚卓然後亦加入東華，更被時任教練宋靈聖和姚卓然盛讚他「具備成為優秀球員之根底，假以時日必成大器」，加盟東華後，張子岱很快就成為了球隊的主力球員，更為球隊作出莫大的貢獻。1960年2月22日，他在隊友姚卓然和陳輝洪等名將的指導下，已從邊路球員轉型為正中鋒，並代表東華迎戰母會星島中梅開二度，協助球會以5–0勝出。遠赴英倫在1960年8月10日，只有19歲的張子岱因為其精湛球技，獲時任《英文虎報》及電台足球評述員麥他維殊和英籍球證馬士頓韋大力推薦下，成功以職業球員身份加盟當時於歐洲頂級聯賽中打滾的球會黑池，並在隊中司職正中鋒（當年並未成立英格蘭超級足球聯賽，甲組聯賽已是英格蘭最頂級聯賽），因而成為歷來第一位效力歐洲頂級聯賽球會的華人球員，此事亦為香港球壇引以為傲，除了麥他士維和馬士頓韋外，時為黑池球員的馬菲士亦親至寫信予黑池高層人員，力勸該球會給予年紀輕輕的張子岱一個上陣機會。由於當時黑池的領隊喜歡重用年紀大而名氣響的球員，如年逾40歲的馬菲士，張子岱只能安排在預備隊上陣，兩年間共上陣43場射入23球，終於在1961年1月14日在黑池一隊對陣狼隊的賽事首度正選披甲，惟開戰約9分鐘後，比賽就因為濃霧而被逼取消。同月，他在迎戰保頓的比賽中再次得到在一隊正選上陣的機會，惜球隊以1–3落敗。事隔10個月即1961年11月25日，張子岱才再有機會為黑池正選出戰錫周三，雖然今次同樣以1–3的比數落敗，但張子岱於這場比賽中為黑池破蛋，射破當時英格蘭國腳門將朗史賓格的大門，是首位在歐洲及英格蘭頂級聯賽中取得入球的香港球員，比較同是華人的中國球員孫繼海於2002年10月在曼城的入球早了40年，儘管遠赴英國時被大家寄予厚望，不過在1962年黑池更換主教練後，張子岱缺乏上陣機會，加上受不了諸如思鄉等壓力，決定與黑池提前解約回港，雖然在黑池苦無上陣機會，但他在那裡進行的預備組賽事和操練還是大大提昇了其足球技術。噴射機起飛 1962年，張子岱回流香港後加盟有「鄉紳班」之稱的元朗，同時在匯豐銀行兼職，其後轉投光華，翌年，張子岱再投效傑志，為專心踢足球決定辭去匯豐銀行的工作，協助傑志奪得1963/64年球季的甲組聯賽及特別銀牌雙料冠軍。當綽號「噴射機」的星島於1964年從乙組回升甲組，而張子岱就重投母會，協助星島贏取1964/65年、1965/66年及1966/67年三屆甲組聯賽季軍及1967/68年聯賽亞軍、1966/67年特別銀牌冠軍和1965/66年及1966/67年金禧盃冠軍。 1966年歇暑期間，張子岱先獲星島外借隨南華遠征南非洲三島留尼旺、毛里裘斯及馬達加斯加，於13戰中保持不敗，接著再隨星島到澳洲和紐西蘭比賽，11戰未逢敗績，短短兩個月間踢了24場比賽。 1966/67年度球季，香港足球總會首次設立甲組聯賽神射手獎項，張子岱以36球奪得神射手獎項，而其弟張子慧以34球屈居亞軍，兩兄弟在一個球季合共射入70球之多，成為一時佳話。失意北美 1965年6月17日，黑池與錫菲聯一同訪港，參加香港足球總會的金禧紀念表演賽，期間再遇張子岱在陣的華聯隊大勝7–2，賽後翌晨，黑池領隊邀約張子岱到居住的酒店商討重投事宜，不過當時已婚及在港已有一定成就的張子岱以家庭為由婉拒。在1967/68球季，他與其弟張子慧一同獲選亞洲明星隊赴馬來西亞出戰富咸，當時已接近退役的英格蘭名宿波比笠臣指對兩人的表現印象深刻，直到波比笠臣在1967年在球會擔任球員兼教練一職後，他於1968年2月邀請張氏兄弟張子岱及張子慧加盟，當時張子岱年薪高達14,000美元，另加3,000美元簽紙費，是整隊最高薪的球員，但在兩人加盟後僅1個月，波比笠臣便因與班主不和而離隊，轉為由匈牙利球王普斯卡斯接任，並引入多名拉丁語系球員，與原有的英國球員格格不入，導致球會成績低落，在中敬陪末席僅一年便告散班，在球隊解散前，張子慧返港加盟消防，而張子岱則留守北美轉投，完成的首個賽季然後才返回香港。再闖高峰英資的怡和於1968年升上甲組，並積極網羅優秀球員組織巨型班參賽，陣中包括陳鴻平、黃文偉、龔華傑等名將及新星葉尚華，又透過張金海遊說其子張子岱返港加盟，而張子岱在季中離開北美返港加盟怡和，月薪2,500港元，是同期職業球員中最高薪的一員，更獲安排在怡和洋行機械部工作任職冷氣機推廣，怡和升班後的首個賽季便獲得季軍及特別銀牌冠軍的理想成績，在接下來的1969/70年球季更囊括甲組聯賽、職業盃、金禧盃及士丹利木盾賽成為史無前例的「四冠王」，可是[怡和僅維持三年便於1971年宣佈退出甲組行列。 1970年12月30日在花墟球場舉行怡和對九巴的職業盃比賽中，張子岱與對方的廖榮礎大打出手，雙方職球員隨即勸止，場內警察更需出場震壓才能平息打鬥，最終兩人同被罰紅牌離場，而張子岱下巴受傷需入院縫針，事後石硤尾警署更要求兩人、球隊代表及球旁證等到警局落口供，最終兩人各被判罰停賽6個月。怡和退出後全體球員獲准自由轉會，張子岱聯同張耀國、鄭潤如及葉尚華轉投消防，與弟弟張子慧再度併肩作戰，但由於與消防的管理層不和，張子岱僅效力一年便離隊他投。在1972/73年球季，張子岱轉投愉園，由於張子岱曾代表中華民國參賽，而當時愉園則是左派球隊，他遭到右派報章如《香港時報》口誅筆伐稱他「棄明投暗」，隨著班霸精工崛起，各項賽事的競爭更加激烈，在強隊林立下，張子岱仍能協助愉園奪得1975/76年總督盃及1977/78年高級組銀牌的冠軍。在1998年法國世界盃前夕，張子岱被全球的體育記者共同選他為20世紀亞洲最佳陣容之一，是為唯一入選的香港人以及華人。 2016年8月，張子岱為拍攝紀錄片《尋找張子岱》在55年後再次重返黑池，在黑池主場聯賽對普利茅夫的英乙聯賽再次回到球場觀戰，並以特別嘉賓出場，獲得全場球迷掌聲，最終黑池最終以0–1落敗。教練生涯 1978年，已達37歲的張子岱開始轉任教練工作，他先在愉園擔任助教其後在長和擔任球員兼教練，及後執教過寶路華、花花、駒騰及傑志可是他執教球隊的成績一般，直到80年代後球市下滑而張子岱決定離開球圈工餘時代表星島元老隊踢友誼聯賽。退役生活張子岱於1985年離開球圈後轉職的士司機，其弟張子慧後來亦移民加拿大，任職其間經常在機場接載外國遊客並濫收車資，後來張子岱在1988年被法院檢控在啟德機場接載一對外籍夫婦時，以顯示為32.3元的咪錶收取對方250元的費用，外籍夫婦下車後抄下他的車牌並報警，最終張子岱被法庭罰款2,000元及賠償210元予該夫婦。直至近年，張子岱於2011年3月東涌的超市內帶走4支紅酒、三樽果仁和數罐汽水，但只為汽水付款後便離去，遭當值保安發現即時將他攔住，其後警察將其拘捕，最後他在荃灣法院承認一項偷竊罪被罰款港幣2,000元。 2015年，張子岱、黃文偉、何容興等曾代表中華民國出戰的19位香港足球員及隨隊裁判獲中華民國政府以專案形式頒發中華民國護照。家庭生活張子岱的父親是前上海足球名將，綽號「拚命三郎」的張金海，張父於1938年移居香港，育有四子，張子岱排名第二，因在香港出生故取乳名為「阿香」，幼弟張子慧在1946年和平後出生，故取乳名「阿平」。除了三弟之外，其餘三人均曾經是甲組球員，長兄張子文曾效力光華及警察，幼弟張子慧則效力過、消防、精工等球隊，退役後移居加拿大。張子岱與妻育有三名子女，均已成年，其中已故兒子張學潤是香港著名的形象設計師。個人榮譽香港甲組足球聯賽神射手（1963–64、1966–67年度）入選20世紀亞洲最佳陣容 (1998年) 參考資料參考文獻《香港足球誌》，莫逸風、黃海榮著，上書局，2008，ISBN 978-988-17735-2-4 《香港十大名將》，青森文化，賴文輝著，2013，ISBN 978-988-82232-5-1 Pool pioneers of the Orient NASL：張子岱昔日愉園外部連結張姓港甲球員東華球員黑池球員元朗球員光華球員傑志球員星島球員怡和球員消防球員愉園球員足球中場寶路華教練花花教練駒騰教練傑志教練英格蘭外籍足球運動員香港旅外足球運動員港華國腳中華民國奧運足球運動員香港男子足球運動員慈幼學校校友慈幼英文學校校友張金海家族 (足球)
"The Hurt & the Healer" is a song by Christian rock band MercyMe. Written by Bart Millard, Robby Shaffer, Jim Bryson, Mike Schuechzer, Nathan Cochran, and Barry Graul, it was released as the lead single from the band's upcoming album of the same title. The idea for the song came after the death of Millard's firefighter cousin, who died while fighting a fire, and the song's early completion resulted in the album being pushed back so that the band could make sure the rest of the album "held its own". "The Hurt & the Healer" was released to radio and as a digital download on February 28, 2012 and has peaked inside the top ten on several Christian chart formats and inside the top fifteen on the Billboard Christian CHR chart. Background The idea for "The Hurt & the Healer" came from several difficult experiences the band dealt with in 2011, particularly the death of lead singer Bart Millard's cousin Todd Krodle, which was the source of great deal of grief for the band. Krodle, a firefighter killed in the line of duty, was a friend of all the members of MercyMe and also a Christian; his death, according to the band's bassist Nathan Cochran, "was a moment of extreme pain for everybody". Cochran said that "The Hurt & the Healer" helped the band to work through their grief. Millard described the song as having come out of the whole moment of his cousin's death and said that "I've lost loved ones, and I've hurt probably as much as most people, but being so close to him, I helped play a role in getting the family that he left behind through the hard times. It gave me a chance to kind of be part of the healing process. And you'd think it's something you do all the time, but that close to home, to hurt like I lost a brother and to still kind of pick up the pieces is something that I don't think anybody really gets used to". He described the idea of the song as being "that you feel more alive when the hurt and the healer collide". According to Millard, "The Hurt & The Healer" was finished early and resulted in their album of the same title being pushed back. The band felt the response to the song was bigger than they expected and that it "raised the bar" for the rest of the album. They decided to "make sure the rest of the record [held] its own", an experience Millard described as "a good thing". Recording and composition "The Hurt & The Healer" was written by Bart Millard, Robby Shaffer, Jim Bryson, Mike Schuechzer, Nahtan Cochran, and Barry Graul. It was produced by Brown Bannister and Dan Muckala. It is a Christian rock song with a length of four minutes and fifty-two seconds. It is set in common time in the key of A major with a tempo of 66 beats per minute. Bart Millard's vocals in the song range from the low note of E4 to the high note of A5. Cochran has described the song's lyrics as being "about going to heaven and being with the Lord ... It’s a song that deals with coming out with pain and loss and coming out with hope". Release and chart performance On January 30, 2012, MercyMe posted an audio link for "The Hurt & The Healer" on their official website for 24 hours, giving fans an opportunity to listen to the song before its official release. It was released as a digital download on February 28, 2012, and was released to Christian AC, Christian CHR, and Soft AC/Inspirational radio formats on that same date. LifeWay Christian Resources included a CD single of "The Hurt & The Healer" as part of a pre-order offer. On the Billboard Hot Christian Songs chart, "The Hurt & The Healer" debuted at No. 48 for the chart week of March 3, 2012. In its second chart week the song advanced to No. 18, and in its sixth week it advanced to No. 8. In its ninth week, "The Hurt & The Healer" advanced to its current peak position of No. 3. It has also peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard Soft AC/Inspirational chart, No. 1 on the Billboard Christian AC Indicator chart, No. 1 on the Billboard Hot Christian AC chart, and No. 8 on the Billboard Christian CHR chart. Track listing Digital single "The Hurt & The Healer" – 4:52 CD single "The Hurt & The Healer" - 4:52 Chart performance Weekly charts Release history References MercyMe songs 2012 singles 2012 songs Songs written by Bart Millard Song recordings produced by Dan Muckala
Patrick Sean Calathes (, born on December 12, 1985) is a Greek-American former professional basketball player. At a height of 6' 10" (2.08 m) tall, he played at both the small forward and power forward positions. He was the 2013 Israeli Basketball Premier League Finals MVP. High school career Calathes attended Lake Howell High School, in Winter Park, Florida, where he played high school basketball. He began high school as a wiry 5'11" (1.80 m) tall point guard, but he would eventually grow to 6'10" (2.08 m) by his senior year. College career After graduating from high school, Calathes would go on to play college basketball for the Saint Joseph's Hawks, at Saint Joseph's University, in Philadelphia. At St. Joe's, he saw limited playing time as a freshman, and then played as a key substitute for the team, during his sophomore season. It was not until his junior season, during which he averaged 13.9 points per game and 7.1 rebounds per game, that he began to fully regain the physical and athletic abilities that he possessed before his growth spurt. He increased his per game averages to 17.5 points and 7.5 rebounds, in his senior year, and teamed up with center Ahmad Nivins, to lead the Hawks to the 2008 Atlantic 10 title game, and the Hawks' first NCAA Men's Division I Basketball Championship Tournament appearance since 2004. SJU would lose to the University of Oklahoma's men's basketball team, the Oklahoma Sooners, in the opening round. Although he was listed as a small forward for the Saint Joseph's Hawks, his versatility allowed him to play multiple positions throughout his college career. Calathes ranks 27th all-time on the Saint Joseph's University's career points list, with 1,251 points scored. He also is 22nd all-time in the school's history, with 630 career rebounds. He is one of 26 players in school history to score 1,000 points and grab 500 rebounds in their career. Professional career Many NBA mock drafts, including DraftExpress.com, had included Calathes as a draftee in their 2008 NBA draft mock draft boards. He was projected to be drafted as high as the late first round, but he was most frequently projected to be drafted in the mid-second round. However, he went undrafted. Because of his unique combination of height and guard skills, Calathes continues to intrigue a number of NBA teams, despite not having been drafted. In the year 2008, Calathes began his professional basketball career when he signed a 3-year contract with the Greek League club Maroussi. In 2010, Calathes moved to the Greek League club Kolossos Rodou. He joined the EuroLeague club Panathinaikos in 2011. He joined the Israeli League club Maccabi Hafia in 2012, and he was a key player in the team's successful 2012–13 season. He was named to the Israeli League's All-First Team. He also helped lead the club to win the Israeli League championship, as he was named the MVP of the Israeli League Final. From 2013 to 2016, he played with Astana of the VTB United League. On August 1, 2016, it was announced that Calathes had returned to Panathinaikos. On January 4, 2017, he left Panathinaikos, and signed with the Italian League club Pallacanestro Cantù, for the rest of the season. On December 2, 2017, Calathes announced his retirement from playing professional club basketball and became a Basketball agent. The Basketball Tournament (TBT) In the summer of 2017, Calathes played in The Basketball Tournament on ESPN, with Pedro's Posse. He scored fifteen points in their loss in the first round to Team 23, by a score of 107–92. National team career Calathes was a member of the senior men's Greek national team in 2011. Personal life Pat Calathes' younger brother, Nick, was the primary point guard for the Florida Gators men's basketball team. The Calatheses led their respective college teams in scoring during the 2007–08 college basketball season. Nick currently plays with Panathinaikos in Greece. Calathes holds a Greek passport thanks to his descent from his grandparents, who emigrated to Florida from Lemnos. His mother is Irish. In 2014, Patrick's ex wife, Mary, gave birth to the couple's first child, Sienna. In 2022, Patrick welcomed his second child, Patrick Sean Calathes II. Awards and accomplishments High school 2× Florida State Championship Final Four: (2003, 2004) College All-Atlantic-10 Third Team: (2007) 4× Atlantic-10 Player of the Week All-Atlantic-10 First Team: (2008) 7× Big 5 Player of the Week All-Big 5 Team: (2008) Big 5 Co-Player of the Year: (2008) Inducted into Big 5 Hall of Fame: (2019) Inducted into St. Joseph's University Hall of Fame: (2019) Professional Greek League All-Star: (2011) Greek Cup Winner: (2012) Israeli Super League Quintet: (2013) Israeli Super League Champion: (2013) Israeli Super League Finals MVP: (2013) Kazakh Cup Winner: (2014) Kazakh Cup All-Cup Team: (2014) 2× Kazakh League Champion: (2014, 2015) Kazakh League All-Kazakh Team: (2016) References External links Calathes on Twitter FIBA Europe Profile Euroleague.net Profile Eurobasket.com Profile Italian League Profile Greek Basket League Profile Greek Basket League Profile College Player Bio 1985 births Living people American expatriate basketball people in Israel American expatriate basketball people in Italy American expatriate basketball people in Kazakhstan American men's basketball players American people of Greek descent American people of Irish descent Basketball players from Florida BC Astana players Greek men's basketball players Kolossos Rodou B.C. players Maroussi B.C. players Maccabi Haifa B.C. players Pallacanestro Cantù players Panathinaikos B.C. players People from Casselberry, Florida Power forwards (basketball) Saint Joseph's Hawks men's basketball players Small forwards Sportspeople from Seminole County, Florida
第五，為漢字複姓，是極為稀有之姓氏，源於田姓，屬於帝王賜姓，先世爲戰國田齊公族田氏，被漢高祖徙至關中，以遷移次第爲氏，分為第一氏到第八氏，但是現代只剩「第五姓」，漢朝滅亡後，第五姓許多人改回田姓，或改為伍姓，所以日漸稀薄，2015年時全中國大陸只有一千餘人，以陕西省宝鸡市眉县首善街道第五村為最多；2018年時臺灣則僅有7人。源流第五姓可以追溯到帝舜，其後有媯、田，陳、姚、胡五姓，皆同根同源，史稱“媯汭五姓”，舜的後裔不斷發展，直到殷商後期，舜的後代閼父歸順於周文王，任陶正之官。周武王討伐殷商，史稱武王克殷，並將長女大姬嫁與閼父之子媯滿（舜33代孫）。後來，武王追封上古聖王的後裔，媯滿因此被封為陳侯，位於陳，大致位於今天河南開封附近。媯滿史稱陳胡公，其後代以國為姓，從而產生了陳氏。在陳厲公時，陳國發生了爭奪君位的內亂，陳厲公之子陳完逃出齊國避難，改為田完（“陳”、“田”古音相同且互为假借字），田完是田姓的始祖。田完在姜齊受到禮遇，任工正。田完的後代田氏家族在姜齊逐漸發展，後掌握姜齊國政。公元前481年，田乞之子田恒（陳成子）弒齊簡公，另立齊平公，把持政權，又以“修公行賞”爭取民心。公元前391年，陳成子四世孫田和廢齊康公。公元前386年，田和放逐齊康公於海上，自立為君，同年為周安王冊命為齊侯，並受到諸侯的承認，這就是歷史上著名的“田氏代齊”。前379年，齊康公死，姜齊絕祀。田氏仍以“齊”作為國號，史稱“田齊”。劉邦建立漢朝之後，為增強關中的經濟實力，削弱各地豪強的地方影響力，曾經把戰國時的齊、楚、燕、韓、趙、魏六國公族的後裔和豪族名門共十萬多人都遷徙到關中一帶定居。在遷徙原齊國田姓貴族時，因族大人眾，以門第順序被分為第一至第八氏，例如田廣其孫田登為第二氏，元孫田癸為第三氏，弟田英為第八氏等，第五氏就是其中的一支，據《姓氏考略》載：“齊田氏後，漢時齊諸田徒至京兆房陵，以次第為姓，有第一至第八。”王符《潜夫论·志姓氏》稱：“汉高祖徙诸田关中，而有第一至第八氏。”《后汉书·第五伦列传》：“其先齐诸田。诸田徙园陵者多，故以次第为氏。”八氏中唯有“第五”這支後來出了不少名人，得以較普遍流傳，作為顯姓收到《續百家姓》中。郡望隴西：戰國時期秦國秦昭襄王二十八年（甲子，公元前279年）置郡，因在隴山之西而得名，治所在狄道（今甘肅臨洮），其時轄地在今甘肅省東鄉縣以東的洮河中遊、武山以西的渭河上遊、禮縣以北的西漢水上遊及天山市東部，包括今甘肅省蘭州市、臨洮縣、鞏昌縣、秦州市一帶。西漢朝時轄地在今甘肅省東鄉縣東部的洮河中遊、武山西部的渭河上遊、禮縣北部的西漢水上遊及天山市的東部地區。三國時期曹魏國移治至襄武(今甘肅隴西)。北魏時期轄地在今甘肅省隴西縣附近一帶。東郡：東郡始建于秦始皇五年(庚申，公元前242年)，取原魏國之地置東郡，包括河北大名府、山東東昌府、及長清縣以西一帶地區。西漢時期因之，治所在濮陽縣(今河南濮陽)，其時轄地在今河南省南部仆陽縣及山東省東西部一帶地區。東漢初其平中嘗治武陽，臧洪爲太守，又治東武陽。西晉朝時期廢黜，東晉朝複置，在今河南滑縣東部。北魏徙治至滑台(今河南滑縣)，隋朝初期廢黜，後曾以兖州爲東郡，此兖州是由滑州(今河南滑縣)改名而成，並非今山東省之兖州。南朝宋國再置東郡，在河南陳州府境。堂號隴西堂：以郡望立堂。東郡堂：以郡望立堂，亦稱江扈堂。注释延伸阅读 Diwu第五 Daigo
The men's halfpipe competition of the FIS Freestyle World Ski Championships 2011 was held at Park City Mountain Resort, Park City, Utah, United States between February 4 and 5, 2011 (qualifications and finals). 33 athletes from 14 countries competed. Results Qualification The following are the results of the qualification. Final References Halfpipe, men's
铁粉的分级是什么？一般可使用旋振筛进行粗级筛分，但要进行高精度分级则只能使用气流分级机，对于易氧化易爆炸的铁粉分级则只能使用JZDF氮气保护分级机来进行高精分级。
Chatham Island ( ) (Moriori: Rēkohu, 'Misty Sun'; ) is by far the largest island of the Chatham Islands group, in the south Pacific Ocean off the eastern coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is said to be "halfway between the equator and the pole, and right on the International Date Line", though the point (180°, 45°S) in fact lies ca. 173 miles WSW of the island's westernmost point. The island is called Rekohu ("misty skies") in Moriori, and Wharekauri in Māori. The island was named after the survey ship HMS Chatham which was the first European ship to locate the island in 1791. It covers an area of . Chatham Island lies south-east of Cape Turnagain, the nearest point of mainland New Zealand to the island. Geography The geography of the roughly T-shaped island is dominated by three features: two bays and a lagoon. More than half of the west coast of Chatham is taken up by the deep indentation of Petre Bay. The island's main settlement of Waitangi is located in a small indentation in Petre Bay's southern coast. Other significant settlements are Kaingaroa on the northeast promontory, and Owenga on the south side of Hanson Bay. On the east coast is the even larger Hanson Bay, which stretches for the entire length of the island (). Much of the area between the bays is taken up by the large Te Whanga Lagoon, which drains to the sea to the east, into the southern half of Hanson Bay. This lagoon covers about , and drains several small rivers that rise in the hills at the south end of the island. The next largest lakes are Rangitahi and Huro, respectively northeast and southwest of Te Whanga. The central and north part of Chatham Island are mostly flat, with altitudes ranging from a few metres on the northeast and centre to 50 m on the northwest, but with a few scattered hillocks. The south part is higher, generally sloping down towards north and west; about half of it is over 150 m above sea level. The south coast of the island is mostly cliffs 100 m high or more. The highest point of the island (299 m) lies close to its southernmost point. Flora and fauna Chatham Island hosts the only known breeding populations of the endemic and critically endangered magenta petrel (Pterodroma magentae). In popular culture Chatham Island (or "Isle") is featured in the first and in the final chapter of Cloud Atlas, the 2004 novel by David Mitchell. The novel was adapted for screen in 2012. See also Chatham Standard Time Zone List of islands of New Zealand References Islands of the Chatham Islands
欧尔戈瓦尼（匈牙利语：），是匈牙利南部巴奇-基什孔州所辖的一个村，总面积99.19平方公里，总人口3511，人口密度35人/平方公里（2002年）。地理坐标为46°45′N 19°28′E。参考巴奇-基什孔州居民地
親衛隊第12師「希特勒青年團」（）是隸屬武裝親衛隊的师團，活躍於東西兩線。作為武裝親衛隊的一师，是紐倫堡審判中的戰爭犯罪組織。特別是由於諾曼第戰役中第一日所展現的兇殘行為更確立它的污名。希特勒青年团装甲师是唯一主要由希特勒青年团成員組成的师團，應徵入伍的都是在1926年出生的，軍士及軍官都是東線中富有經驗的老兵。組成及訓練將武裝親衛隊和希特勒青年团組合的構思是由中將戈特洛布·贝格尔在1943年所提出的，他和希姆萊商議有關論點，希姆萊隨後成為了熱心的擁護者。希特拉批准了一份將所有於1926年出生的团員編為一師的計畫書，他自己亦熱衷於相關概念。1943年2月10日官方發佈了一項建立希特勒青年团师的批示。贝格尔自薦為該師指揮官，但希姆萊選擇了第一阿道夫·希特勒警衛旗隊裝甲師（LSSAH）的老兵，團隊長弗里茨·維特。官方舉辦了新部隊徽章設計比賽，幾千個作品中入選作品中的勝出設計繪出了希特勒青年团的盧恩字母“sigrune”交錯於代表“阿道夫·希特勒警卫旗队”装甲擲彈师的鑰匙。由1943年9月1日開始，多達16,000名团員入伍及完成6個月的基本訓練並列入“‘希特勒青年团’装甲擲彈师”。訓練維持於比利時林堡省利奥波茨堡的，該師收到改組為装甲师的通知，重新定名為“親衛隊第12装甲师‘希特勒青年团’”（）。由於很多新兵都很年少，所以以糖果代替基本的煙與酒的配給，而且還有牛奶供應。在同年10月下旬，最終定名為“親衛隊第12師‘希特勒青年團’”（）。成長於納粹黨宣傳之下的希特勒青年团，狂熱於忠誠納粹的理想，但卻缺乏任何軍事才能。為了提供一個熟練的骨幹部隊作指揮，警卫旗队的老兵分派到希特勒青年团师作為軍官或軍士。其訓練是與其他單位不同的，維特領悟到該師若要儘快進入作戰狀態，需忽略規則而重視作戰方案及實彈射擊訓練。該師鬥志異常地高，同時師中成員彼此的信賴和尊重，使人員之間的關係更為密切。 1944年3月，希特勒青年团装甲师被認為已可預備服役，並移到下諾曼第卡昂，組成德國装甲預備軍之一的裝甲兵團西隊。 1944年的整個春天，該师繼續在卡昂周圍訓練，熟悉卡昂及附近地形。並證明了這對未來的幾個月起了巨大的作用。5月27日，維特慶祝36歲生日及晉升為旅隊長。一個装甲擲彈兵敘述該日有「和平的節日氣氛」，但這很快便破滅了。 1944年六月初，該师已進入作戰狀態。並有81輛豹式戰車A/G型和104輛四號戰車H/J型，配備追獵者式驅逐戰車、四號驅逐戰車 L/70、3輛原型旋風式防空戰車，以及一些20毫米、37毫米和88毫米高射砲、野蜂式自走砲、黃蜂式自走砲、SIG 33榴彈砲及可拖行的標準砲兵裝備。但反戰車部隊黨衛隊第12反戰車營（Panzeraufklärungsabteilung 12），則並未進入作戰狀態，其追獵者式驅逐戰車數量也不足。諾曼第戰役 1944年6月6日D日，西線盟軍發動了大君主作戰進攻諾曼第。希特勒青年团装甲师以及第21装甲师是最靠近灘頭的装甲部隊。由於需要希特拉的批准，青年团装甲师直至該日14:30才到達前線。該師推進至宝剑海滩（Sword Beach）和朱诺海滩（Juno Beach）附近，但不斷遭到盟軍戰機的牽制。青年团装甲师的前鋒部隊到6月6日22:00時才到達接近埃夫勒西的集合地點。 7月7日旗隊長庫爾特·邁爾（外號「裝甲邁爾」）的武裝親衛隊第25装甲擲彈兵團，與武裝親衛隊高级突击队中队领袖马克斯·温舍的武裝親衛隊第12装甲團的第2營一起反擊來攻的加拿大步兵與裝甲車，並伴隨著砲兵火力支援，並推進到幾英里外的海岸邊。以邁爾的話來說，他們正「把小魚拋回海中」。儘管他們在欧蒂擊毀許多加拿大軍的戰車，並攻擊北新斯科舍高地連，但他們仍未能突破來攻的加拿大軍。邁爾在東線戰場曾依賴快速打擊使其部隊處於優勢，但在諾曼第戰役中，由於雙方都有必要探查周圍環境，偵察往往是進攻要素。在邁爾開始計劃攻擊前的一小時前，第25裝甲擲彈兵團已被迫向加拿大先頭部隊的側面發動襲擊。由於缺乏其他部隊在側翼的支援及偵察情報，雖然青年團裝甲師的襲擊起初很成功，但很快便喪失優勢。欧蒂的北新斯科舍高地連（North Nova Scotia Highlanders）爭取時間為其他連和團建立防禦陣地。反擊開頭的幾分鐘內，青年团装甲师的四號戰車和反戰車砲使舍布鲁克火枪团（Sherbrooke Fusiliers Regiment）損失了超過25輛謝爾曼戰車。青年团装甲师設法將部分加拿大先頭部隊逼退兩英里，但剩下的北新斯科舍高地連在沒有砲兵和裝甲車的支援下，仍阻止了第25裝甲擲彈兵團的推進，並建立了牢固的防禦工事。根據加拿大戰俘的敍述，青年团裝甲師的成員遭到嚴重的挫敗，並在盛怒下多次槍斃、用棍打死、甚至用貨車輾過走過的北新斯科舍高地連戰俘。雙方傷亡人數差不多相等。大家都有接近80人被殺，並有大約175人受傷和被俘，在這場艱難和血腥的戰鬥中打成平手。邁爾在阿登修道院（Ardenne Abbey）設立指揮所，那兒的塔樓提供了一個非常好的郊外景色。在6月7日黃昏，當他正部署部隊的下一步行動時，也在修道院外審問另外18個加拿大人並將他們處決。在幾個團的記錄中，總計超過100個加拿大戰俘向希特勒青年团师投降後被殺。邁爾的團在欧蒂和比龙（Buron）附近部署，在適當的位置掩護重要的卡尔皮凯飛機場。被迫留下遏制北新斯科細亞高地旅，無法在翌日第26裝甲擲彈兵團的進攻中作出支援。直至7月8日被加拿大高地輕步兵在慘烈的白刃戰中擊退。 6月8日武裝親衛隊第26裝甲擲彈兵團在上級突擊隊大隊領袖威廉·蒙克（Wilhelm Mohnke）的指揮下抵達戰場。邁爾的攻勢推後了一部份加拿大先鋒隊伍但另一旅又控制了在德軍防線內兩英里的一些村落。他們在邁爾的團和第26裝甲擲彈兵團的背後穿過並在西面建立據點。在計劃和調整位置後，第26裝甲擲彈兵團向贝桑地区诺雷發動一個有力的猛攻，衝過加拿大部隊並在其及在西面的英國師間撕開一個楔形。由於再一次在缺乏任何加拿大人據點資訊，使青年团裝甲師步兵盲目地猛烈衝向一個滿天砲火的漩渦之中。在邁爾的戰鬥後大約8個小時，於00:33時發動的這次襲擊，只有最初時的成功。不同的連不能協調他們對加拿大人的進攻。儘管因為青年團裝甲師步兵不斷的嘗試而引發重大傷亡，渥太华卡梅伦高地連（Cameron Highlanders of Ottawa）的火砲以及重機槍對潰毀黨衛軍攻勢起了重大作用。而皇家里贾纳步兵团（The Royal Regina Rifles）盡力防守迫使青年團裝甲師第1團後退。在加拿大人的右方，第2團攻擊守衛贝桑地区皮托周邊村莊的皇家温尼伯步兵团（Royal Winnipeg Rifles）。他們設法衝入村內並包圍敵方的幾個連，成功击退温尼伯步兵团，造成温尼伯步兵团有256人傷亡，其中175人成為俘虜。加拿大裔蘇格蘭人於20:30時發動還擊，收復了贝桑地区皮托，第2團撤離並於村莊的南部建立據點。6月8日黃昏加拿大人正在卡昂和卡尔皮凯飛機場附近關鍵地區內的穩固陣地守衛，由6月8日至10日的對贝桑地区诺雷和布雷特维尔-洛格约斯更進一步的攻擊仍不能摧毀加拿大人的防禦。雙方都遭受龐大的傷亡數字，同時很多加拿大士兵被俘後遇害。突擊隊大隊領袖格哈德·布雷默（Gerhard Bremer）所指揮的黨衛軍第12偵察營參與了6月8日的攻擊，並須負上殺害10多名加拿大俘虜的責任。布雷默據記錄也親自參與有關謀殺。蒙克的第26裝甲擲彈團的第2團殺死20人，大部分是於皮托的温尼伯步兵团成員。守衛皮托的温尼伯步兵团在被俘虜之前已遭受第2團引起的巨大損傷，但被謀殺後的屍體則在村外發現。戰事之後，黨衛軍第12偵察營部署到蒙克的團的西面，直至8月6日傍晚第12營（Abteilung 12）不能將加拿大人迫回海中，但他們有效地制止了加拿大第3步兵師向卡昂的攻擊，而這些第3步兵師正是能夠於D日中達到指定目標的僅有隊伍。不管青年團裝甲師的反擊有多兇猛和地區性的勝利，他們不能完成將盟軍趕回大海的任務。當英軍到達並加以支援第3步兵師時，英軍並建立建立一條堅固的防線使他們能在未能再次發動攻勢。盟軍已經牢固於歐洲大陸之上，塵埃落定，最終致使諾曼第得到解放。 6月14日英國海軍砲火擊中位於沃努瓦（Venoix）的青年團裝甲師司令部，殺死維特的同時使整師失去指揮。33歲的「裝甲邁爾」被任命為指揮官，成為在交戰兩方中最年輕的指揮官。超過4個星期，儘管盟軍的先頭部隊的數量和氣勢具壓倒性優勢，他們仍設法阻止所有盟軍攻佔卡昂的嘗試。戰鬥中的慘烈接近甚至超過德軍在東線所遇到的一樣。（同時，邁爾犯上戰爭犯罪，他命令手下不可接收戰俘，婉轉的說，是要把他們殺掉），而盟軍沒有類似的命令而且大概也沒必要。一次又一次使盟軍部隊驚駭和悲傷的青年團裝甲師只得慘痛的下場。縱使他們多次分解盟軍的主要攻勢，遭受重大的損失，並於6月的第1個星期，邁爾忽視守住卡昂北面防線的命令又撤出卡昂南筋疲力盡的餘部。由D-日起計，直至7月9日已有4,000人死亡和超過8,000人受傷及失蹤。青年團裝甲師得到一點喘息後，於7月19日亦開始抵抗英裔加拿大人的古德伍德行动（Operation Goodwood）。隨後青年團裝甲師離開戰線以作為第一黨衛隊裝甲軍的預備隊。他們認為與其休息和整修，持續的消防隊的行動。8月初，青年團裝甲師開始加以防衛以遏止兩個盟軍軍事行動，總計行動以及溫順行動。在總計行動開始的時候，青年團裝甲師剩餘的60輛裝甲車要面對加拿大第一軍超過600輛的戰車。儘管這些差異，該師仍設法在行動短期使盟軍停止進攻。在諾曼第戰役的最後階段，已縮減到數千人與少量運載車輛的希特勒青年团裝甲師以幾近瘋狂的抵抗努力保持法萊茲口袋敞開以幫助落入圈套的德軍逃脫。絕望的戰鬥中，裝甲團指揮马克斯·温舍（Max Wünsche）被英軍俘獲。8月20日袋口崩潰，數以萬計德軍第7軍團的部隊被俘。潰散的殘餘各師退回塞納河的另一岸。諾曼第之役令希特勒青年团裝甲師確立起他們兇猛好鬥的名聲，但屠殺加拿大戰俘的形為卻也永遠地玷污了他們的徽章。由撤退到守望萊茵青年团装甲师得到了短暫的喘息，但在沒有任何增援部隊或裝備補充的情況下，很快又投入戰鬥，參與比法邊境間的撤退戰。1944年9月時，全師人數少於2,000人，而沒有任何裝甲車及重型裝備。9月6日庫爾特·邁爾被比利時游擊隊俘虜。邁爾脫下黨衛軍制服而換穿國防軍制服。在一片撤退的混亂中，青年团裝甲師無法營救邁爾。武裝親衛隊一級突擊隊大隊長胡贝特·迈尔（Hubert Meyer）成了該师的指揮官。 1944年11月青年团装甲师離開了戰線，並轉移到德國宁堡進行重組，大部分補充人員來自德國空軍和德國海軍人員中，重組後的装甲师已不如在1944春所誇耀的那般優秀。該月下旬，當時是武裝親衛隊上級突擊隊大隊長的胡戈·克拉斯（Hugo Kraas）代替胡贝特·迈尔的職務，而青年团装甲师附屬於武裝親衛隊最高集团领袖約瑟夫·迪特里希的黨衛軍第六裝甲軍團，正準備守望萊茵（第二次阿登戰役，就是著名的突出部之役），收復安特衛普並企圖以此遏止盟軍推進。 1944年12月16日行動展開。黨衛軍第1警衛旗隊裝甲師的約亨·派佩爾戰鬥群作為先頭部隊衝過敵軍的陣線。希特勒青年团裝甲師跟隨戰鬥群並擴張缺口，但由於德軍第12國民擲彈兵師發生車禍而動彈不得。當他們到達前線時，遇到駐紮在埃尔森博恩山脊（Elsenborn Ridge）的美軍強烈抵抗。儘管作出很大的努力，仍無法擊破美軍防線。結果，青年团装甲师被迫轉左並隨著警衛旗隊裝甲師餘部前進。防守的美軍成功阻止青年团裝甲師達成其目標，並且在在消滅派佩爾戰鬥群後阻止迪特里希所部軍隊推進。接近年末，青年团装甲师轉移到南面參與圍攻巴斯托涅的戰鬥，並在巴斯托涅周圍激烈戰鬥。1945年1月18日，青年团装甲师隨著其他德軍被美軍推回原來位置。奧匈兩境 1945年1月20日迪特里希指揮的第6裝甲軍向西的匈牙利作出攻勢以奪回油田以及開路到布達佩斯，拯救被包圍的45,000名武裝親衛隊第6山地軍人員。當在運輸青年團裝甲師的過程中，武裝親衛隊第4裝甲軍發動了幾次失敗的解圍行動。希特拉青年團裝甲師並排著警衛旗隊作為武裝親衛隊第1裝甲軍的一部份，於1945年2月初於布達佩斯陷落前幾天到達匈牙利。又投入攻擊艾斯特根橋頭堡，一個由蘇軍於多瑙河附近組成的堅固突出部的戰鬥。青年团装甲师和警衛旗隊都打得很好，而且在2月底便摧毀了橋頭堡。青年团装甲师接著又參與了春季覺醒行動，藉以重奪匈牙利油田。為了保密這個行動，希特拉不許部隊在進攻前對戰場加以偵察，而於1945年3月6日突然發動進攻。春天的積雪解凍使德軍的攻擊只局限於少而狹窄的道路上，在起初的勝利後，蘇軍的開始反擊和包圍迫使德軍中止計劃。行動失敗後，希特拉失去對武裝親衛隊的信任，並向有關師團人員取回已發出的榮譽袖標。由於對命令的憤慨，迪特里希拒絕傳遞有關指令。 3月中旬，蘇軍在施图尔韦森堡附近強力反擊，把“巴爾克”集團軍分為兩半並使德軍向維也納撤退。青年团装甲师參與了多個鋌而走險的後衛行動，並於4月13日從維也納撤退。經過厄登堡和希尔滕贝格，該师到達奧地利林茨，接近美軍防線。1945年5月8日，該師的10,000名殘部在恩斯河附近向美軍投降。為了表示最後的反抗和對盟軍的藐視，希特勒青年团装甲师拒絕如美軍指示在車輛上掛上白旗。投入的战役汤加行动（Operation Tonga）卡昂戰役（Schlacht um Caen）戰爭罪行總計，超過100個加拿大士兵被俘虜他們的第12希特勒青年团装甲擲彈師處決。隨後的事充分地紀錄於霍华德·马戈利安（Howard Margolian）的Conduct Unbecoming: The Story of the Murder of Canadian Prisoners of War in Normandy一書中。在希特勒青年团装甲师於1944年首次作戰後，交戰雙方都作出暴行（例如加拿大士兵殺害裝甲教導師中投降的成員，以及在1944年6月8日，律师学院团 (Inns of Court Regiment) 團員虐待和殺害卢克森贝格尔（Luxenberger）上校）。同一天36個加拿大人被威廉·蒙克的黨衛隊第26裝甲擲彈團處決。同樣，李爾裝甲師的偵察連再殺死了12個戰俘。在1944年6月7日和6月8日之間，加拿大戰俘在卡昂以南的阿登修道院被库尔特·迈尔的黨衛隊第25裝甲擲彈團處決。由於這是迈尔指揮所，他和他的下級，在戰後被起訴。戰爭罪行法庭的證詞中同時指出迈尔己預期在隨後的戰鬥中不再捕獲任何戰俘。由6月6日到17日，有很多不利於希特勒青年团的申述。由於他們苛刻的紀律以及在政治上教化和狂熱，在卡尔皮凯、欧蒂和比龙附近的戰鬥中，年輕的希特勒青年团擲彈兵都鼓勵屠殺戰俘，有12個党卫队軍官反對相關謀殺，他們的觀點在兩星期內廣泛流行。戰後，由於縱容殺死加拿大和英國籍戰俘，迈尔被加拿大軍事法庭判處死刑。起訴的重任落於扬·耶肖内克（Jan Jesionek）之上。耶肖内克是一個由於擅離崗位而被徵召入党卫队的波蘭人。但經過熟慮後耶肖内克證詞無疑是不誠實的，1946年1月，詳盡地考慮所有證據後，加拿大少將克里斯托弗·沃克斯（Christopher Vokes）判處迈尔終身監禁。沃克斯承認到很難於激烈的戰鬥中分辨出誰殺死敵人或屠殺戰俘。沒有證據證明迈尔命令謀殺加拿大戰俘，但是表面證據清楚地指出許多手無寸鐵的加拿大人被殺害。同時作為指揮官，迈尔雖然無罪但應負上責任。於迈尔在阿登修道院的司令部範圍內射死戰俘的行為最應受譴責。沃克斯認為激烈中有戰鬥人員在嘗試投降中遭處決是在所難免。但是有加拿大人於迈尔的司令部內處決的實際證據和德軍證詞是不容忽視的。1954年9月7日，由於幾個在諾曼第面對過他的加拿大和英國軍官的證詞，他在獄中獲釋。威廉·蒙克的個案最難以理解。他在戰後幾年被英國、加拿大和美國就戰爭中的個別事件指控。第1個個案，1940年，在入侵比利時的一個進攻後，部分阿道夫·希特勒警卫旗队的第2營成員，在親衛隊高級突擊隊領袖威廉·蒙克的指揮下，錯誤地通報師指揮官迪特里希被殺。造成有名的沃尔穆特大屠殺（Wormhoudt massacre），為了報復迪特里希的死亡，大約80個皇家沃里克郡团（Royal Warwickshire Regiment）第2營的英軍戰俘被殺。發生了大屠殺後，儘管無法知道蒙克參與的程度，他本人從未面對這無充分證據的指控（參見）。有些青年团第26裝甲擲彈團需要為6月8日的屠殺負上責任，在威廉·蒙克接手警衛旗隊加入凸出部之役後，他的手下引發了美國人熟悉的馬爾梅第大屠殺。但是沒有國家成功應召他作出審判。指揮官武裝親衛隊旅隊領袖弗里茨·維特（Fritz Witt，1943年6月24日-1944年6月14日）武裝親衛隊旅隊領袖库尔特·迈尔（Kurt Meyer，1944年6月14日-1944年9月6日）武裝親衛隊上級突擊隊大隊長胡戈·克拉斯（Hugo Kraas，1944年9月6日-1944年10月24日）武裝親衛隊旅隊領袖弗里茨·克雷默（Fritz Kraemer，1944年10月24日 - 1944年11月13日）武裝親衛隊旅隊領袖胡戈·克拉斯（1944年11月13日-1945年5月8日）外部連結 Hitler's Baby Division（希特勒的嬰兒部隊） 12th SS Panzer Division Hitlerjugend entry at Axishistory.com（十二希特勒青年团装甲师） 1944年六月被殺的加拿大戰俘列表一些屠殺事件的敍述部隊列表第25 SS装甲擲彈步兵團第26 SS装甲擲彈步兵團第12 SS戰車團第12 SS砲兵團（SS-Panzer Artillerie Regiment 12）第12 SS摩托化衛隊團（SS-Kradschutzen-Regiment 12）第12 SS偵察營（SS-Aufklarung-Abteilung 12）第12 SS反戰車營（SS-Panzerjäger-Abteilung 12）第12 SS高砲營（SS-Flak-Abteilung 12）第12 SS工兵營（SS-Pioneer-Abteilung 12）第12 SS裝甲通信營（SS-Panzer-Nachrichten-Abteilung 12）第12 SS維修（隊）（SS-Instandsetzungs 12）第12 SS補給部隊（SS-Nachschub Truppen 12）第12 SS貿易團（SS-Wirtschafts Battalion 12）第12 SS戰情報告排（SS-Kriegsberichter-Zug (mot) 12）第12 SS憲兵連/部隊（SS-Feldgendarmerie-Kompanie/Trupp 12）第12 SS野戰郵局（SS-Feldpostamt (mot) 12）第12 SS衛生營（SS-Sanitäts-Abteilung 12）德國二戰師列表参考文献 12 希特勒青年團德国装甲师 1943年建立的军事组织 1945年废除的军事组织
The CESG Listed Adviser Scheme was a programme run by CESG, to provide a pool of information assurance consultants to government departments and other public-sector bodies in the UK. CLAS consultants advised on systems that handle protectively marked information, up to and including SECRET; for instance, they may have advised on GSI accreditation. CLAS consultants held a security clearance, at least SC. CLAS consultants developed risk assessments in line with IS1, and risk management and accreditation document sets (RMADS) in line with IS2. In 2011, entry to CLAS was closed while a replacement system was being designed. By 2013 'new' CLAS was implemented and open for membership. 'New' CLAS required that members were CESG Certified Professionals. CLAS was closed in January 2016. CESG Certified Professionals (CCP) The CESG Certified Professional (CCP) scheme recognises the expertise of those working in the information assurance and cyber security arenas in both government and industry. It sets the standard for IA professionals working in this sector and provides a rigorous and independent assessment of the competence of IA professionals. CCP status is an endorsement of IA expertise and confirms that information risk in support of your business is managed in a balanced and pragmatic way. Now that CLAS has closed, CCP is the only CESG-approved credential that applies to individual professionals rather than companies. External links CLAS homepage CLAS knowledgebase Article: What is a CLAS Consultant? Maintained list of ex-CLAS members (TSAR) References Computer security in the United Kingdom GCHQ Information assurance standards Information technology organisations based in the United Kingdom IT risk management
促甲状腺激素偏高孕妇吃什么好呢？促甲状腺激素偏高，临床意义常为原发性甲状腺功能减退伴有甲状腺功能低下的桥本病、内源性促甲状腺激素分泌肿瘤、亚急性甲状腺炎恢复期。1、促甲状腺激素高孕妇补充蛋白质，孕妇出现促甲状腺激素升高时要多补充蛋白质，例如：各种豆制品、黄豆等、因为甲减时人体的小肠粘膜更新较慢，肠道内的消化液分泌会受到影响，酶活力下降，所以白蛋白下降，因此孕妇要多补充氨基酸，多实用富含蛋白质的食物。2、补充含碘食物如果孕妇促甲状腺激素偏高，可以考虑适量补充一些含碘的食物，例如：海带、紫菜，可用碘盐、碘酱油，因为促甲状腺激素偏高一般属于甲状腺功能减退，人体产生的碘元素会减少，所以补充适量的含碘食物。3、补充富含营养的食物，虽然对于促甲状腺偏高会影响胎儿的神经发育，导致胎儿智力低下，适量服用能够预防胎儿神经管畸形的发病率。4、促甲状腺激素偏高的孕妇可服用维生素的食物，因为维生素是神经系统功能健全不可缺少，它可以参与神经组织中一种脂蛋白的形成，而甲状腺激素偏高的患者会导致神经系统发育异常，所以促甲状腺激素偏高的孕妇可以适量补充维生素。维生素的食物主要包括：牛肉、猪肉、鸡肉、鱼类。促甲状腺激素偏高孕妇可以多吃点鱼、鸡，核桃、水果，对于油腻、抑制食欲的食物，大可不必勉强吃下去。为保证蛋白质的摄入量，孕妇可适当补充奶类、蛋类、豆类、硬果类食物。促甲状腺激素偏高甲减要吃些含典食物甲状腺功能减退患者饮食,通较间补充定量碘,明显改善各种症状。具体说,甲状腺功能减退饮食具体要求每摄入蛋白质低于80-100g，优质蛋白质主,维持体蛋白质平衡，甲状腺功能减退病往往伴高酯血症应适限制脂肪摄入。
Outline VPN是一个自由及开放源代码软件，用于在多个云服务上快速部署Shadowsocks服务器。该软件还包括多平台的客户端软件。 Outline是由Google创建的技术孵化器Jigsaw开发的。 Outline Server不僅可以在私人伺服器中使用，也可以在包括DigitalOcean、Rackspace、Google雲端平台和Amazon EC2在等雲服務上安裝使用。安装時可用命令行或圖形界面（僅限DigitalOcean）。組成 Outline由3個主要的部分組成： Outline Server充當代理服务器，並在客戶端和他們想要訪問的站點之間作爲中繼連接。Outline Server基於Shadowsocks，並提供了一個REST API，讓Outline Manager管理伺服器。 Outline Manager是一個圖形應用程序，用於部署和管理對Outline Server的訪問，Outline Manager支持Windows、macOS和Linux。 Outline Client則是客戶端通過Outline伺服器連接到互联网，Outline Client支持Windows、macOS、Chrome OS、Android和iOS。安全和隱私 Outline使用Shadowsocks協議在客戶端和伺服器之間的通信，對流量使用IETF ChaCha20流密码（密鑰）進行加密，並使用IETF Poly1305身份驗證器進行身份驗證。 Outline是自由及开放源代码软件，根據Apache许可证 2.0許可，並由Radically Open Security審核，同時也聲稱不會記錄用戶的網絡流量。Outline Server支持無人值守升級。 Outline不是一個匿名工具，它沒有提供與Tor相同程度的匿名保護（Tor通過三個而不僅僅是一個路由流量，並且還可以防止瀏覽器指紋識別等攻擊）。從版本1.2開始，Outline的Windows、macOS、Chrome OS、Android以及iOS客戶端界面上出現了'Beta'的字樣，有效地開始加密來自設備的所有流量。評價 2018年3月，的Max Eddy表示，Outline VPN的預覽版本“非常容易使用（startlingly easy to use）”以及“消除了與VPN公司相關的隱私問題（removes privacy concerns associated with VPN companies）”。然而，Eddy批評該軟件沒有加密Windows上的所有流量，並警告用戶“與大型VPN公司相比，個人使用可能缺乏一些匿名性（individual use may lack some anonymity compared [to] large VPN companies）”。參見网络隐私参考文献外部链接虛擬私人網路自由安全软件网络安全自由代理服务器 Alphabet 翻墙软件被防火長城封鎖的網站
馬賽爾·高斯（；）是一位德國足球運動員，在場上的位置是前鋒。他現在效力於德国足球丙级联赛球隊薩爾布呂肯。參考資料德国男子足球运动员
戊肝患者出院了能接吻吗？戊型肝炎是一种病毒性肝炎，因此容易急性发作，并且好发于老年男性。戊肝的症状主要为消化道症状，包括食欲下降、恶心、呕吐、腹胀等，同时伴随全身乏力、小便黄等病毒性肝炎症状。戊肝与甲肝相比病情更重，黄疸更深，甚至出现重型肝炎、肝坏死的症状。戊型肝炎的传播途径为粪-口途径传播，与甲型肝炎的传播途径相同，戊型肝炎最常见的传播方式为通过食物、水源传播，所以如果污染了食物、水源，也会造成大面积的疫情，甚至是疫情爆发。最常见的甲（戊）肝病毒一般都藏在贝类、蟹类等食物中，所以吃这类食品时一定要吃煮熟的，如果不煮熟的吃进去了，病毒就会通过口腔进入人体内，然后在体内繁殖，进入血液引起肝炎，再经过大便排出。所以病人的大便要经过彻底消毒。戊型肝炎病人的治疗应以适当休息、合理营养为主，选择性使用药物为辅。应忌酒、防止过劳及避免应用损肝药物。早期严格卧床休息最为重要，症状明显好转可逐渐增加活动量，以不感到疲劳为原则。一般急性肝炎可治愈。戊型肝炎一般是急性发作，不会变成慢性，如果病人肝功损伤严重，一定要卧床休息，住院给予系统的保肝，祛黄，降酶治疗。必要时可以做人工肝。戊肝是消化道传染病，并且，感染戊肝治好后会获得较为持久的免疫力，成人中大部分人是由于隐性感染获得免疫力的。你经过治疗，肝功能正常，戊肝抗体阳性是正常的。出院1个月，接吻不会传播戊肝的，由于戊肝是消化道传染病，并且最重要的是经过粪口传播，所以，饭前便后洗手的习惯对任何人来说都是非常重要的。
拿騷-威爾堡的特蕾莎（，），拿騷公爵威廉的長女。家庭 1837年，特蕾莎與歐登堡的彼得公爵結婚。兩人共有4子3女：亞歷山德拉（1838年—1900年）尼庫勞斯（1840年—1886年）亞歷山大（1844年—1932年）卡塔里娜（1846年—1866年），早逝格奧爾格（1848年—1871年）（1850年—1906年）（1852年—1883年）黑森人奥尔登堡王朝荷尔斯泰因-戈托普王朝拿騷家族波旁-帕爾馬王朝公爵夫人德国公主拿骚公国人
加頓（Gatton）乃位於澳大利亚昆士兰州南部、鄰近府城布里斯本的一座內陸城鎮，地區人口有6869（2011年）。沿革教育加頓有昆士蘭大學所設立的分校（UQ Gatton）及附屬農場。布里斯班昆士蘭州城市
Kenneth Leon "Tug" Wilson (March 27, 1896 – February 2, 1979) was an American track and field athlete and amateur athletics administrator. He competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics, finishing tenth in the discus throw competition. Wilson served as the second commissioner of the Big Ten Conference, from 1945 to 1961, and as the president of the United States Olympic Committee from 1953 to 1965. Early life Wilson graduated from Atwood High School in 1914 and began a career in education the following school year by teaching in a country school for two years. He enrolled at the University of Illinois in 1916 and studied agriculture. College athletics Wilson was a multi-sport athlete, playing for the Fighting Illini on the 1919 team and named captain for the 1920 team. During the 1920 season, Wilson would play with Helms Athletic Foundation All-American Chuck Carney. He also played end for the football team and was best known for his prowess in track and field. Wilson threw the discus, javelin and shot, making the U.S. Olympic Team in javelin and discus. He competed in the 1920 Summer Olympics held in Antwerp by throwing the discus and placing tenth. Post-graduate Wison graduated from Illinois in 1920 but remained at the university as an assistant to the athletic director, George Huff. He utilized his experiences at Illinois to take the role of athletic director and head track coach at Drake from 1922-25. All of these experiences catapulted Wison into the athletic director position at Northwestern University where he remained until 1945. In 1945 Wison would be named commissioner of the Big Ten Conference, remaining in that position until 1961. Wilson also served as a member of the President's Council on Youth Fitness under President Eisenhower and Kennedy. Personal information Wilson married Dorothy Estelle Shade in 1924. His nickname, "Tug" was passed down from his father, Charles Wesley "Tug" Wilson. References External links 1896 births 1979 deaths American male discus throwers Athletes (track and field) at the 1920 Summer Olympics Big Ten Conference commissioners Drake Bulldogs athletic directors Illinois Fighting Illini men's track and field athletes Northwestern Wildcats athletic directors Presidents of the United States Olympic Committee Olympic track and field athletes for the United States College men's track and field athletes in the United States People from Atwood, Illinois Track and field athletes from Illinois
A mini-grid is an aggregation of loads and one or more energy sources operating as a single system providing electric power and possibly heat isolated from a main power grid. A modern mini-grid may include renewable and fossil fuel-based generation, energy storage, and load control. A mini grid can be fully isolated from the main grid (wide area synchronous grid) or interconnected to it. If it is interconnected to the main grid, it must also be able to isolate (“island”) from the main grid and continue to serve its customers while operating in an island or autonomous mode. Mini-grids are used as a cost-effective solution for electrifying rural communities where a grid connection is challenging in terms of transmission and cost for the end user population density, with mini grids often used to electrify rural communities of a hundred or more households that are 10 km or more from the main grid. Mini grids and microgrids are similar, and the terms are sometimes used as synonyms. Both microgrids and mini grids include generation and distribution, and generally include electricity storage in the form of electrochemical batteries. Both can “island” in the event of a blackout or other disturbance or – common in mini grids – in the case that they were never connected to the main grid in the first place. In practice, the term “mini grid” is used more in a context common in low- and middle-income countries providing electricity to communities that were previously unelectrified, or sometimes used to provide reliable electricity in areas in which the national grid is present but where electricity is sporadic; across Sub-Saharan Africa, more than half of households connected to the main grid reported receiving electricity less than half of the time. The African Mini Grid Developers Association (AMDA) reports that uptimes of mini grids of its members for which data was available averaged 99% across countries. In contrast, the term “microgrid” is used more in higher income countries to refer to systems that provide very high levels of reliability (for example, “five nines” or 99.999%) for critical loads like data centers, hospitals, corporate campuses or military bases generally in service areas that already have high levels of reliability (e.g. “three nines” or 99.9% reliability) by global standards. Background History The electric grids of many developed, high-income countries once started out as mini-grids. These isolated electrical systems were then connected and integrated into a larger grid. This first generation of mini grids was pivotal to the early development and industrialization of most modern economies, including Brazil, China, Denmark, Italy, the Netherlands, Spain, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Mini grid systems introduced in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries can be described as the first generation of mini grids. Starting in the 1980s and ramping up through the 1990s and early 2000s, a second generation of mini grids numbering in the tens of thousands was deployed in many low-income countries. These systems are typically small and isolated, powered by diesel or hydropower, and built by local communities or entrepreneurs primarily to provide rural households with access to electricity, especially in areas not yet served by the main grid. Many of these systems were overtaken by the national grids. Some that still exist are now prime candidates for hybridization with solar photovoltaic (PV) systems to reduce the fuel cost. Rural electrification Many rural communities remain isolated from larger, traditional grids due to geographic and economic constraints. The electrification of the global off-grid rural population remains a major task of many developing and developed countries, and according to the International Energy Agency in the 2013 World Energy Outlook, mini-grids represent the most cost-effective way to provide universal electricity access to these populations. Due to new technology innovations that have resulted in declining costs both for mini-grids and energy generation sources, specifically solar and wind power, mini-grids have the potential to electrify remote areas that would otherwise remain outside of a grid connection. Mini-grids are a cost-effective and timely solution for more isolated areas in which connection to the main electric grid is unavailable, and represent a practical option for meeting the energy demand in Sub‐Saharan Africa, South and East Asia, and Small Island Developing States. Millions of people remain without access to electricity today, and the U.N. Sustainable Development Goals commit the global community to provide a solution. The map on the right demonstrates energy disparity between developed countries such as the US, China, and Europe while South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia still have many communities that lack reliable, sustainable, affordable energy. Mini-grids are currently being viewed as one of the most effective solutions to bringing energy to rural populations where the energy demands are such that individual stand-alone systems such as nano-grids are impractical but where the population is large enough to require a larger grid system. Because a grid must balance the supply of energy with the demand, the mini-grid's larger size and flexibility allows for safer and more affordable power. Technical components Generation A vital component of a mini-grid electric system is on-site, reliable source of energy generation. Traditional mini-grid generation for remote areas came from diesel engine alternators, which incurred high running costs, low efficiency and high maintenance. To obtain the reliability of a fossil fuel powered grid with greater sustainability, hybrid energy systems can be used to integrate renewable energy technologies with diesel generators, batteries, and inverters. The main concern with generation is the fluctuation in load demand that imposes varied power requirements from the generation system. These fluctuations can vary throughout a single day, from day to day, or even on the scale of weeks to months, which necessitates flexible mini-grid generation. In the case of limited power generation without a source of energy storage, peak loads can demand more power than the mini-grid generation is capable of supplying, which results in brownouts or blackouts. Energy sources There exist a variety of energy sources to provide on-side power to a mini-grid system. Recent developments to renewables provide a lucrative option due to the low cost and sustainable economic and environmental nature. As an example, the energy cost of solar PV decreased from $4/W to $0.55–$0.65/W between 2007 and 2016. Common sources of mini-grid generation Solar photovoltaic Wind power Hydropower Biomass Traditional fuel generators Hybrid systems Marine energy Energy storage Because of the intermittent nature of renewable energy sources, generators, fuel cells, or batteries are required to ensure the reliability of Mini-grid Renewable Energy Systems (MRES). Otherwise, communities relying on real-time generation experience power outages when renewable generation is not possible. Due to fluctuation in load demand, the energy storage system must be able to meet the peak demand, which can entail large and expensive battery or fuel cell systems. To balance cost with sustainability, energy storage can be combined with diesel power and introduced to a mini-grid in a series or switched hybrid system. Hybrid system Hybrid mini-grid systems are a popular option to ensure mini-grid reliability, especially when considering renewable energy sources. A hybrid mini-grid is identified by diversified Distributed Energy Resources (DERs), where the energy generation comes from a variety of sources such as solar PV, micro-hydro power plants, wind turbines, biomass, and small conventional generators. Series hybrid systems have both a renewable energy source and a diesel generator which are used in conjunction to maintain the charge of a battery bank, which is then converted to AC and fed to the load. This system allows for simple implementation, but has low efficiency and requires large battery capacity. In contrast, switched hybrid systems enable renewable energy plus storage to supply the baseload power supply while the diesel generator helps meet peak energy demand. Distribution A mini-grid distribution system carries the energy produced by the generation source to the end users. It consists of transmission lines, transformers, and the infrastructure necessary to enable safe and effective energy distribution. Depending on the load requirements, a distribution system can be in AC or DC single or three phase power. AC has many benefits, as it allows for effective electricity transmission over distances, meets the requirements for consumer appliances, and is more widely used. However, AC also requires transformers to decrease high voltage distribution network costs and decrease system loss, but is also generally more expensive than DC because of the enhanced power electronics. Smart Mini-grid A Smart Mini-Grid (SMG) is an intelligent electricity distribution network that manages the various technical components of a mini-grid system. Often coupled with hybrid power generation, the smart mini-grid operates using smart controllers and advanced control techniques, accommodating various energy sources, energy storage, and distribution. The smart mini-grid relies on a management system which allows for the measurement, monitoring, and control of electric loads and can be coupled with automation to allow for remote operation, smart metering, load shedding, and optimized performance. Another key component is self healing, or the ability for the smart mini-grid to detect, respond, and restore itself immediately in case of disturbances or changes to the system. Benefits There are many potential benefits of mini-grids ranging from technical and environmental to social and financial advantages. Mini-grids can be used in rural areas and are often more efficient and cost-effective than other types of power systems. They can also strengthen the community while having less impact on the environment. Technical benefits The technology used in mini-grids provides various benefits. Mini-grids are relatively quick and easy to implement in areas without electricity. They can also be used to improve existing electrical grids that are ineffective or unreliable by providing additional power or by replacing them completely. Mini-grids are also more efficient because they can provide a low load at night when less electricity is needed. Unlike conventional energy generation, mini-grids reduce the energy lost at night time when less energy is required by the community. Larger electrical systems such as diesel generators cannot offer this because they are inefficient at low loads and most often continue operating at higher loads regardless of the amount of electricity needed. The use of mini-grids also decreases the amount of time the generators are run at low loads thereby increasing efficiency of the entire system. An additional benefit mini-grids provide is that they do no require a traditional fuel source as many larger scale electric grids do. This means they can be easily implemented in areas without access to diesel or other fossil fuels. This reduces operating costs and reliance on often fluctuating fuel prices. Mini-grids also require less maintenance than larger electrical grids. Since they reduce the hours that diesel generators are used at low loads, generators last longer and do not need to be replaced as often. Because of the rural areas where mini-grids are typically used, there is often little access to supplies or technicians if system maintenance is needed. Financial benefits Other than the reduced cost of fuel, mini-grids offer other financial advantages. Mini-grids can be run by a combination of energy sources, which means they have a lower levelized cost of electricity. Mini-grids are also able to spread electrical storage across many users which reduces the cost when compared to off-grid or solar home systems where electrical storage is concentrated in one area. Mini-grids are also more profitable than other types of electric grids. Due to their improved electrical services and decreased malfunctions such as blackouts, customers are more satisfied overall, and thus willing to pay for the services mini-grids provide, leading to an increase in revenue. Environmental benefits Mini-grids are much more environmentally friendly than other types of grids. Since they reduce the need for diesel generators, greenhouse gas emissions are greatly reduced. This also improves air and noise pollution in the areas mini-grids are used. Social benefits In addition to their technical and economic advantages, mini-grids also benefit the people and communities they serve. In order for many businesses and organizations to function, they must have working and efficient electricity. Mini-grids provide the necessary services for businesses to succeed in developing areas. This leads to the creation of more jobs and an increase in income for the community. Improved electricity can also benefit healthcare technology and institutions in the areas and lead to a higher standard of living. The electricity mini-grids provide also allows for more opportunities for social gatherings and events which strengthen the community. Improved electricity also creates the opportunity to construct more buildings and expand the community. Risks Although mini-grids have many benefits, there are also some drawbacks. There are some risks associated with their technology and organization as well as risks to the community they are implemented in. Technical risks One of the main technical risks associated with mini-grids is the load uncertainty. It is often difficult to estimate the load size, growth, and schedule which can lead to the system running with lower efficiency and higher cost. It is also difficult to support loads that are constantly changing over time, as they typically are when using mini-grids. There is also a risk to power quality when using mini-grids. Integrating photovoltaic devices and batteries can be disruptive to the existing grid and can cause it to become unstable. Another technical drawback of using mini-grids is that failure of hardware in one part of the grid could affect the entire system. If one section if the grid is damaged, the rest of the grid could fail as well. This is a risk that exists with any type of grid, however the regions where mini-grids are typically used are poor rural areas with less access to maintenance services so the effects are exacerbated. While helpful for energy storage, the batteries used in mini-grids also have risks of their own. They are usually expensive and as they age they have a large influence on the energy that is supplied to the grid. If the batteries are not replaced at the correct time, the energy provided by the whole grid could be decreased. Organizational risks Because of their complex nature, there are a few organizational risks associated with using mini-grids. In order to be effective, mini-grids must have effective business models to support their operations. There needs to be a steady flow of revenue to keep the business up and running and in order to keep providing customers with electricity. Due to the remote and underdeveloped locations where mini-grids are typically implemented, it is difficult to transport supplies and skilled personnel to the areas they are needed. It is especially difficult when installing the system and when repairs are needed. Social risks Implementing a mini-grid into a community takes meticulous planning and cooperation between the people living in the area as well as the technicians installing the devices. There also needs to be communication among the community with regards to allotted energy quotas. Each user is typically assigned an energy quota to be used over a certain amount of time. If some users over-consume the electricity, this leaves a deficit for the other users and could disrupt the entire system. The community must work in cooperation in order for the mini-grid to work successfully. Economics Mini-grids provide communities with a reliable source of energy as well as many benefits to their economy. It is often too expensive for government electrical companies to attempt to bring electricity to undeveloped areas, and there is less potential for profit in these areas with poor economies. Since mini-grids can operate separately from the larger national grids, private companies can implement them and provide rural communities with electricity more quickly than state-owned companies. In terms of market size, the consulting company Infinergia estimates that there around 2,000 solar mini-grids installed in Africa in 2018, expecting them to reach 16,000 by 2023. Likewise, the analyst estimates 5,000 of them in Asia in 2018, expecting them to reach 15,000 by 2023. Case study A case study performed in the Leh District of India demonstrates the effects of mini-grids on the economy. Since the operational costs of mini-grids are less than those of diesel and hydro generators, the companies that run them are able to bring in more revenue. This increase in revenue means the companies can increase the salaries of their workers. In turn, the workers are able to spend more in the local businesses and the economy is allowed to grow. Furthermore, mini-grids provide opportunities for the local economy to grow and improve. Businesses can provide more and better services with improved electricity and expand their organizations. References Electrical grid Sustainable energy
NS Brukkaros (C13) is a patrol boat of the Namibian Navy. It was commissioned on 27 October 2017. Previously a Haiqing-class submarine chaser of the People's Liberation Army Navy, it was donated by the Chinese government in 2014. Description The Haiqing class are a follow-on class of submarine chasers to the preceding Type 037 submarine chasers of the People's Liberation Army Navy. The ship is armed with two 6-tubed anti-submarine mortar launchers. It is also armed with two 37 mm guns. It served in the PLA Navy as the Ledong(hull 748) before being decommissioned on the 3 June 2016 at a Naval port in Chinas Hainan province. Operational history The boat was previously a PLA Navy ship. In 2014 the Chinese government offered to donate it to the Namibian Navy. The patrol boat was then refurbished by Poly Technologies after which Namibian crews went to China for training on the ship. The ship was then shipped to Namibia on the deck of the cargo ship Da Qing and arrived in Namibia on 9 July 2017. Brukkaros, named after the Brukkaros Mountain in ǁKaras Region, was commissioned on 27 October 2017 by President Hage Geingob. The ship is operationally utilised for general exclusive economic zone management. References Ships of the Namibian Navy
野芋的别名是什么？野芋头、红芋、野山芋
{{DISPLAYTITLE:C16H30O}} 化学式C16H30O，摩尔质量 238.4g/mol，可能指：环十六酮 CAS：蚕蛾醇 CAS：麝香酮 CAS：
拉尔斯-约兰·阿尔维德松（，），瑞典男子冬季两项运动员。他曾代表瑞典参加1968年、1972年和1976年冬季奥林匹克运动会冬季两项比赛，共获得二枚铜牌。参考资料瑞典男子冬季两项运动员瑞典奥运冬季两项运动员 1968年冬季奥林匹克运动会冬季两项运动员 1972年冬季奥林匹克运动会冬季两项运动员 1976年冬季奥林匹克运动会冬季两项运动员 1968年冬季奧林匹克運動會獎牌得主 1972年冬季奧林匹克運動會獎牌得主奧林匹克運動會冬季兩項獎牌得主瑞典奧林匹克運動會銅牌得主
甲状腺左侧叶增大怎么回事？甲状腺左叶结节分感染性和非感染性两类，前者主要是由病毒感染引起的亚急性甲状腺左叶结节，其他感染少见。亚左叶结节临床上除有甲状腺结节外，还伴有发热和甲状腺局部疼痛，结节大小视病变范围而定，质地较坚韧；后者主要是由自身免疫性甲状腺左叶结节引起的，多见于中、青年妇女，病人的自觉症状较少，检查时可扪及多个或单个结节，质地硬韧，少有压痛，甲状腺功能检查时示甲状腺球蛋白抗体和甲状腺微粒体抗体常呈强阳性。甲状腺左侧叶增大，表示甲状腺内部有肿块的存在，这个病的病因是由很多的种病因导致的，这个肿块会在我们平时吃东西，吞咽的时候，随着甲状腺上下移动，是一种比较常见的疾病。甲状腺左侧叶增大的症状首先就是呼吸困难，严重的还会出现窒息的危险，主要为压迫气管，压迫食管的话，会出现吞咽困难，压迫喉返神经的话，会出现声音嘶哑的现象，最后就是少数的会出现面部有紫色的浮肿现象。甲状腺左侧叶增大的情况是可以分为热结节和冷结节这两种，还有就是对于甲状腺结节还是可以被分为高功能性结节的情况，一般这个疾病的治疗方法是根据甲状腺结节是良性还是恶性来治疗，一般是考虑手术治疗的方法。甲状腺左侧叶增大造成的影响也是很大的，所以当发现疾病的时候，就要及时的进行检查治疗，如果出现了类似的症状，就是需要进行手术治疗。甲状腺左侧叶增大应该调理好自己的饮食，在日常生活中应该多吃一些含碘的食物，并且应该是无机碘，日常生活中应该选择盐的种类，这样可以促进肠道吸收也可以促进血液循环，应该均衡体内的微量元素更应该，适当的多吃一些点碘盐，平时也应该提高自己的氨基酸含量，保持良好的心情，这样都有利于均衡自己的微量元素。
In the United States, a little magazine is a magazine genre consisting of "artistic work which for reasons of commercial expediency is not acceptable to the money-minded periodicals or presses", according to a 1942 study by Frederick J. Hoffman, a professor of English. While George Plimpton disagreed with the diminutive connotations of "little", the name "little magazine" is widely accepted for such magazines. A little magazine is not necessarily a literary magazine, because while the majority of such magazines are literary in nature, containing poetry and fiction, a significant proportion of such magazines are not. Some have encompassed the full range of the arts, and others have grown from zine roots. The traditional characteristics of a little magazine include a format, a two-color cover, and a semi-annual or quarterly publishing schedule. Literary magazines that do not qualify as little magazines for these reasons include Oxford American and the Lindhurst Foundation's Doubletake, measuring , having complex four-color covers, and having bi-monthly publishing schedules. "Integral to the definition of the little magazine", according to scholars Ian Morris and Joanne Diaz, is penury. A later 1978 study by the (then) editors of TriQuarterly magazine described little magazines as putting "experiment before ease, and art before comment" and noting that "[t]hey can afford to do so because they can barely afford to do anything; as a rule they do not, and cannot, expect to make money". Hoffman considered them to be avant-garde, and editor of the Kenyon Review Robie Macauley opined that such magazines "ought to be ten years ahead of general acceptance". Ezra Pound observed that the more a magazine values profits, the less it is willing to experiment with things that are not (yet) acceptable to a mainstream readership. It has been argued that little magazines that are associated with universities are not truly encompassed by the term, but the majority view amongst scholars is that they have similar enough purposes, formats, and contents to unaffiliated magazines in the genre that they can be considered little magazines also. Historically, they were both devoted to social issues, literature, or critical inquiry, and edited by amateurs. Editors Little magazine editors can be characterized as in the main idiosyncratic and dissatisfied with the status quo. The magazines themselves are in general, but with several notable exceptions, short-lived and do not out-last their founding editors. Editors have adopted ingenious, on occasion devious, means to finance their magazines, often financing them out of their own pockets. History The earliest significant examples are the transcendentalist publication The Dial (1840–44), edited by Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, in Boston, and The Savoy (1896), edited by Arthur Symons, in London, which had as its agenda a revolt against Victorian materialism. Little magazines were significant for the poets who shaped the avant-garde movements like Modernism and Post-modernism across the world in the twentieth century. Originally printed with traditional methods such as offset printing, the publication of little magazines saw a "mimeo revolution" in the 1960s with the advent of the mimeograph, which significantly reduced magazine printing costs. An example of this that also illustrates the devious approach to financing is Keith Abbot. He published Blue Suede Shoes when he was a graduate student at Washington State University, stealing a box of mimeograph paper from the university and borrowing a mimeograph machine from a friend. In the 1980s a similar revolution occurred as the photocopier superseded the mimeograph, further reducing costs as the availability of commercial photocopying services by companies such as Kinko's obviated the need for editors (or their friends) to own a mimeograph machine. At the same time, university-sponsored magazines became more prevalent, whereas unaffiliated magazines had dominated the genre before the World Wars. Thousands of little magazines existed across North America by the close of the 20th century, most not fully supporting themselves and subsidized by state or federal grants and endowments from universities, colleges, and foundations, sometimes with unpaid staff. The desire for low-budget publications brought an on-line revolution to little magazines at the turn of the 21st century. Firstly embracing blogs, they have diversified to Twitter, Facebook, and many other on-line publication channels. The on-line revolution also raised possibilities for content in the form of podcasts and audio-visual content not possible in a purely printed format. In the Southern United States In the U.S. South, postbellum little magazines had non-commercial ends, generally seeking to inform and influence their readers, rather than being marketed for profit, a skill that their amateur editors generally lacked. English professor Bes E. Stark Spangler traced four main phases of the postbellum pre-World-War-Two little magazine in the South. Immediately after the Civil War they mainly covered Southern topics and the works of Southern authors, changing at the turn of the 20th century into more critical views of Southern letters and life by new young scholars, becoming voices for the advent of modernism in the 1920s, and finally in the 1930s entering into the debate over the future economic prosperity of the South on the side of agrarianism, having heated debates with what they viewed as Southern "liberals". Examples of the first phase, which were a significant factor in keeping the genre of Southern letters alive for the two decades after the Civil War, include Daniel H. Hill's 1866–1869 The Land We Love, which widened its readership by including agriculture and military history alongside the literature; W. S. Scott's 1865–1869 Scott's Monthly Magazine; Moses D. Hodge's and William Hand Browne's 1866 Eclectic (later to be the 1869 New Eclectic after its absorption of The Land We Love and finally changing to Southern Magazine in 1871); De Bow's Review, an ante-bellum magazine revived briefly in 1866; Albert Taylor Bledsoe's 1867–1869 Southern Review; Mrs Cicero Harris's 1872–1882 The South Atlantic, which, like The Land We Love, augmented literature with science and art coverage; and the 1882–1887 Southern Bivouac, which was one of the last little magazines to be devoted to the Lost Cause. The second phase, which was a reactionary movement amongst young scholars in Southern colleges and universities that was critical of the South, and which was discussed in the contemporary essays of John B. Hennemann, is exemplified by William P. Trent's 1892 Sewanee Review (which Hennemann was later to edit), which would influence John Spencer Bassett to found the South Atlantic Quarterly in 1902. Both Trent and Bassett were professors, at the University of the South and at Trinity College, respectively, and Bassett in particular was risking his job by publishing, as his magazine directly addressed racial issues in the South and reform, something that his successor toned down, editor Edwin Mims. The early years of the third phase saw The Westminster Magazine founded in 1911 and affiliated with Oglethorpe University; Stark Young's Texas Review affiliated with the University of Texas, which relocated to Southern Methodist University in 1924 and changed the name to Southwest Review under the editorship of Jay B. Hubbard; the 1921–1926 The Double Dealer; and John Crowe Ransom's and Robert Penn Warren's 1922 The Fugitive published by the Vanderbilt University Group. Other influences for the Southern Renascence were The Lyric and The Nomad, both of which had brief lifetimes in the 1920s. As young writers from Vanderbilt, the Double Dealer, and others later took up postings in other universities, they would in turn found or edit other magazines, Crowe going on to edit The Kenyon Review, and Ransom together with Cleanth Brooks to found another (1935) Southern Review. In the final phase, both established magazines like Sewanee Review and the new 1930s little magazines debated whether the South should remain agrarian or embrace industrialism. Also in the 1930s they were associated with New Criticism. Sewanee Review is now the oldest Southern literary magazine, with other long-lived magazines dating from the 20th century, including Southwest Review (1915), Virginia Quarterly Review (1925), The Southern Review (1935–1942, then from 1965), Georgia Review (1947), Carolina Quarterly (1948), Shenandoah (1950), Nimrod (1956), Southern Poetry Review (1958), Massachusetts Review (1959), Crazyhorse (1960), Southern Quarterly (1962), Hollins Critic (1964), Greensboro Review (1966), Cimarron (1967), Southern Humanities Review (1968), New Orleans Review (1968), and The South Carolina Review (1968). Many little magazines continued to be founded in the South in the last three decades of the 20th century, from Appalachee Quarterly in 1971 through The Chattahoochee Review in 1980 to Five Points in 1997, still devoted to the core little magazine subject of literature, including short fiction, poetry, book reviews, and creative non-fiction. As The Land We Love did in the 19th century, 20th-century little magazines still received vastly more unsolicited literary contributions than they published, the Atlanta Review for example reporting in 1997 that it received 12,000 submissions for every 100 pieces published. References Cross-reference Sources Further reading Magazine genres
鸭嘴草属（学名：Ischaemum）是禾本科下的一个属，为一年生或多年生草本植物。该属共有约50种，主要产自热带和亚热带地区。属名Ischaemum源于希腊语ischo（制止）和haima（血）的合成词，指本属某些种具有止血作用。下属物种屏东鸭嘴草 Ischaemum akonense 毛鸭嘴草 Ischaemum anthephoroides 有芒鸭嘴草 Ischaemum aristatum 黄金鸭嘴草 Ischaemum aureum 粗毛鸭嘴草 Ischaemum barbatum 圆柱鸭嘴草 Ischaemum goebelii 细毛鸭嘴草 Ischaemum indicum 披针叶莠竹 Ischaemum lanceolatum 无芒鸭嘴草 Ischaemum muticum 田间鸭嘴草 Ischaemum rugosum 小黄金鸭嘴草 Ischaemum setaceum 参考文献 Y Y Y
止头痛最快方法是什么？对于经常会头痛的患者，首先在饮食上面，绝对不可以吃油炸的食物，总之要忌油腻，平时可以吃的清淡一些，最好是容易消化的半流质食物，特别适合有解表效果的可以适当的吃一些，另外要保持室内的空气流通新鲜，温湿度适合，特别是在夏天，不要用电风扇直接吹风。如果疼的很厉害，那么可以喝一杯热牛奶，或者是热的稀粥，身上要注意多盖些衣服保暖，可以躺下来休息一下。有时候头痛是因为某些原因引起的，比如鼻炎，这种情况可以先试着用盐水清洗鼻孔，头痛的症状会因此而得到减轻，如果三天的时间都这样，那么必须要去医院治疗。如果是肌肉疼痛导致的疼痛，这种主要是因为长时间的对着电脑，或一直保持一个姿势所引起的，这种情况可以活动一下，通过运动能够得到减轻。如果是平时的精神压力比较大而导致的头疼，也可以尝试着泡澡。穴位按摩，当出现头痛的情况可以适当的按摩几个穴位，对于头痛是有立竿见影的效果，百会穴再头部的正上方中央的位置，太阳穴，再额头的两侧，这两个穴位在出现头痛的时候可以适当的进行按摩，一般按摩五分钟左右会发现头疼的情况改善了很多。辣椒治疗头疼，这是很古老的一个治疗头疼的方式，再辣椒中有辣椒素的成分，准备辣椒擦拭自己的头部能环节头疼的情况，所以可以尝试一下。深呼吸，深呼吸是缓解紧张性头痛的一个好方法，深呼吸能有效的改善大脑缺氧的情况，对于头痛的缓解是很不错的，所以可以尝试一下。还有一种方法就是用热敷，也可以起到一定的，缓解作用，而且平时一定要吃容易消化的食物，选择比较软的食物，不能够吃太硬，还有要注意不要经常咬紧牙关，那样会使头疼加重。
催乳素是什么?？催乳素分泌的蛋白质激素，亦可由蜕膜、子宫肌层、乳腺、淋巴细胞、白细胞和前列腺分泌。催乳素主要作用为促进乳腺发育增生，刺激并维持泌乳作用。
A periauger or perogue (/pɪˈroʊg, ˈpiroʊg/) is a shallow draft, often flat-bottomed two-masted sailing vessel, often without a bowsprit, which also carried oars for rowing. Periaugers of varying sizes and designs were used extensively in the inland waterways of the eastern seaboard of the United States during the 18th to early 19th century. The periauger was the type of sailing vessel used by Cornelius Vanderbilt to ply the waters of New York Harbor between Staten Island and lower Manhattan when he began his ferry service. Periaugers were the vessel of choice in the Hudson River. They were used as ferries, and to transport goods to and from the harbor of New York and the towns along the river until the first third of the 19th century. Replaced by steam boats, they all but vanished. The Dutch designs of the mid-Atlantic states, as opposed to the Southern dugout designs known as pirogues in Louisiana bayou country, were usually lapstrake construction, often using leeboards in lieu of a keel. An account of the construction and use of the periauger was described by Englishman John Lawson (1674?–1711) an explorer, naturalist and writer, on his travels in 1701 in what is today, South Carolina. The account was published in his diaries in 1709. The next day we entered Santee river's mouth, . . . As we row'd up the river, we found the land towards the mouth, and for about sixteen miles up it, scarce any thing but swamp and percoarson, affording vast ciprus-trees, of which the French make canoes, that will carry fifty or sixty barrels. After the tree is moulded and dug, they saw them in two pieces and so put a plank between, and even a small Keel, to preserve them from the Oyster-Banks, which are innumerable in the Creeks and Bays betwixt the French settlement and Charles-Town.They carry two masts and Bermudas sails, which makes them very handy and fit for their purpose; . . . . Of these great trees the pereaugers and canoes are scoop'd and made; which sort of vessels are chiefly to pass over the rivers, creeks, and bays; and to transport goods and lumber from one river to another. Some are so large as to carry thirty barrels, tho' of one entire piece of timber. Others that are split down the bottom, and a piece added thereto, will carry eighty, or an hundred. Several have gone out our inlets on the ocean to Virginia, laden with pork, and other produce of the country. Of these trees curious boats for pleasure may be made, and other necessary craft.... This wood is very lasting, and free from the rot. A canoe of it will outlast four boats, and seldom wants repair. References External links History of Periauger Periauger Mercury, Hudson River Dutch Periauger Sailing rigs and rigging Hudson River Port of New York and New Jersey New Netherland
博萬湖是塞爾維亞的湖泊，位於該國東部，由札那查爾州負責管轄，距離阿萊克西納茨20公里，長8公里、寬0.5公里，面積5平方公里，平均水深7米，最大水深50米。塞爾維亞湖泊
一岁宝宝滑膜炎的症状是什么？滑膜炎是指滑膜受到刺激产生炎症，造成分泌液失调形成积液的一种关节病变。常见的滑膜炎有两种：非特异性滑膜炎和特异性滑膜炎等。膝关节是全身关节中滑膜最多的关节，故滑膜炎以膝关节较为多见。小孩子患上的滑膜炎在我们的生活当中，通常比较多见就是髋关节滑膜炎，这一种滑膜炎在临床上也被称作暂时性滑膜炎。一般的情况下都是发生在三岁到十岁这个年龄区间的孩子身上的。另外，很多滑膜炎的患儿在疾病发作的前一周会产生感冒现象。当孩子所患上的滑膜炎初期发作的时候，患儿走路的时候会出现颠簸的现象，并且与此同时还会伴有下肢疼痛的情况产生。有一些滑膜炎患儿在犯病的时候，膝盖、髋处也会产生不同程度上的疼痛感，甚至是出现非常明显的疼痛性跛行，所以家长平时务必要密切观察孩子的一举一动，一旦发现异常的现象，就一定要及时带孩子去医院进行检查。如果患儿的年龄是比较小的，那么就还会变得非常地暴躁、夜间经常哭闹的症状表现。但是，在小孩患上滑膜炎这一种疾病的时候，局部并没有红促，同时孩子的体温也不会出现异常升高的情况。所以家长一定要牢牢掌握这一些滑膜炎症状表现，抓紧时间带患儿治疗。当孩子患上滑膜炎之后，父母一定要做好对孩子的监管，适当限制孩子的活动，不允许有过多以及过于强烈的运动，必要的时候要适当在家休息。父母一定要注意，坚决不可以再让孩子的双腿受寒，更不可让孩子的栓柜台受潮，根据季节适当给孩子做好双腿和双脚的保暖，并且注意不要让孩子穿过紧的裤子，尽可能以宽松温暖舒适为主。
肛周脓肿术后有后遗症吗？肛周脓肿，又称肛管直肠周围脓肿，中医称为肛痈。肛周脓肿是发生于肛门、肛管和直肠周围的急性化脓感染性疾病，属于细菌感染，是肛瘘的前身。本病与肛瘘是肛肠三大疾病之一，发病率约为2%，占肛肠疾病的8%～25%。多见于20～40岁的男性，男性发病率是女性的3～4倍，小儿发病率也相对较高。肛周脓肿发生后应认真对待，发生在肛门两侧的坐骨直肠窝和骨盆直肠窝及男性前侧的会阴筋膜下的脓肿最为凶险，如果不及时处理，可能会导致感染性休克，甚至危及生命。病因：本病属于肠道内细菌感染，“肠道菌”是源头，是致病的要素。“肛窦”是感染的入口，也是脓肿和成瘘后的内口。“肛腺”是感染的途径，它先发生感染，然后蔓延。“肛周间隙”是最终的发病部位。肠道菌进入肛窦致其发炎，堵塞肛腺开口，致肛腺液流出受阻，引起肛腺感染，感染通过肌间隙、淋巴管蔓延至肛周间隙，最后形成肛管直肠周围脓肿。临床表现：肛周脓肿最主要的症状是疼痛，这种疼痛会非常剧烈，且逐渐加重，很多患者说会吃不下，睡不着。脓肿自行溃破后，疼痛暂时有所缓解。低位脓肿出现剧烈肛门疼痛，且这种疼痛持续不减。直肠周围脓肿（高位）就不一定会疼痛。因为直肠周围属于盆腔，这里分布的植物神经对普通刺激不敏感，最主要表现是局部坠胀和便意感。肛周脓肿的另一症状是发热，最高可超过40℃。一般来说，脓腔越大越深，发热的概率就大。部分患者还会出现大小便不畅、纳差、失眠。预防：肛管直肠周围脓肿的发病有多方面的原因，但肠道菌群失调与免疫力下降是两个根本原因，因此预防肠道菌群失调和提高免疫力是预防肛周脓肿的根本之策。
Three Blind Mouseketeers is a Silly Symphonies cartoon based on the nursery rhyme Three Blind Mice and the 1844 novel The Three Musketeers by Alexandre Dumas. Directed by Dave Hand and Jack Cutting, it stars Billy Bletcher. Plot The three blind mice are disguised as musketeers in a cellar. Captain Cat (the devious cat) sets a number of traps for the mice and goes to sleep. The mice come out to search for food, avoiding all the traps. When they uncork three bottles of wine, the corks hit Captain Cat on the nose. Captain Cat wakes up and starts chasing the mice, only ending up trapping one mouse, who starts asking for help from the other two mice reflecting on numerous bottles. Captain Cat thinks he is surrounded by mice and runs away, falling into a multitude of traps that he has prepared himself. Voice cast Tall Mouseketeer: Pinto Colvig Captain Katt: Billy Bletcher Other two Mouseketeers: Walt Disney and Roy O. Disney Syndication The cartoon was aired on Good Morning, Mickey! on the Disney Channel. Home media The short has been released on home media several times. The first time was on a VHS release in 1985 on Walt Disney Cartoon Classics Limited Gold Edition II: The Disney Dream Factory: 1933-1938, then in the UK on VHS on Storybook Favourites Shorts: Three Little Pigs. Its first DVD release was in 2003 on The Rescuers, followed on December 19, 2006, on Walt Disney Treasures: More Silly Symphonies, Volume Two. It was also released on Walt Disney Animation Collection: Classic Short Films Volume 2: Three Little Pigs in 2009 and on The Rescuers 35th Anniversary Edition (The Rescuers/The Rescuers Down Under) in 2012. References External links The encyclopedia of Disney animated shorts 1930s Disney animated short films Silly Symphonies 1936 short films 1936 animated films 1936 films Films directed by David Hand Films produced by Walt Disney Animated films about mice Animated films based on nursery rhymes 1930s American films Animated films based on The Three Musketeers
The Secret History of Home Economics: How Trailblazing Women Harnessed the Power of Home and Changed the Way We Live is a 2021 nonfiction book by journalist Danielle Dreilinger. The book explores how different areas of skills, knowledge, and investigation were brought together under the umbrella of "home economics", and how the field's focus and reputation have changed over the decades in the United States. Summary In The Secret History of Home Economics, Dreilinger, education reporter for The Times-Picayune for five years, examines how the focus of home economics swung back and forth between being a method for women to obtain scientific education to vocational training for future wives and mothers. With the expansion of colleges after the Civil War and particularly the land-grant universities which were coed, leaders in education favored curricula focused on vocational education. "Domestic science" courses were offered for women at a number of schools during the latter half of the 19th century. This approach was fiercely debated; the president of Bryn Mawr College argued that domestic science would not nurture intellectual growth, and there were concerns among Black communities that domestic science was too much like the manual labor expected under slavery. At Tuskegee University, Margaret Murray Washington ran the domestic science department and offered public community education, as well as publishing Work for the Colored Women of the South, a household manual for Black rural women. Ellen Swallow Richards, who had trained in chemistry, determined to improve the home through science, thus improving society. Richards wrote books about food adulteration and how to make use of chemistry in the household. The approaches taken by these women to make improvements in home life through education were the foundation for later advances. In 1899, Annie Dewey and Richards held a conference in Lake Placid, New York with the goal of convincing universities to treat the home sciences seriously for the purpose of creating "a new profession demanding adequate compensation." The attendees settled on "home economics," positioning it as a subset of general economics. The Lake Placid conference was held annually for ten years, consciously constructing home economics as a profession for women, and would become the American Home Economics Association in 1908. The Lake Placid conferences did not invite Washington or representatives from any historically Black colleges. By 1910, more than 200 colleges and teach-training schools, and about 900 elementary and high schools taught home economics. The need for home economists was urgent during World War I, with the need to encourage and educate Americans how to conserve food for the war effort. Washington coordinated food-conservation efforts among Black communities. The American Dietetic Association was formed in 1917 to focus on military medical-nutritional requirements; its co-founder, Lenna Cooper, was appointed supervising dietitian for the Army. Martha Van Rensselaer took on the home economics work for the US Food Administration. Home economists published recipe booklets, created menus, and identified a raft of food substitutes to encourage conservation of limited staples. The Smith–Hughes National Vocational Education Act of 1917 provided federal funding for vocational education, including home economics. In 1923, the Bureau of Home Economics was created under the Department of Agriculture to research "the scientific basis for the mechanics of living." Under the leadership of Dr. Louise Stanley, the Bureau hired scientists in nutrition, textiles, and economics. Stanley's team produced research in areas such as vitamin content in foods, cooking and food storage methods, time management, and equipment standardization. It distributed millions of consumer bulletins. Home economists educated the public about the dangers of adulterated food. Multiple jobs opened up for home economists in the 1920s. They were hired by food manufacturers, household equipment and furnishings producers, department stores, and advertising agencies. Appliance manufacturers hired home economists to educate consumers in using the new electrical household devices. Home economists wrote instruction manuals, marketing materials, and recipes. Independent labs hired home economists to test products. Dr. Lillian Gilbreth, unable to find work as an engineer after her husband's death, focused her efforts on home economics, publishing The Home-maker and Her Job and setting up the New York Herald-Tribune Homemaking Institute. Her kitchen work triangle design is still in use. In the 1920s and '30s, home economists contributed to homemaking radio shows, some featuring fictional characters such as Betty Crocker (for Gold Medal Flour) and Aunt Sammy (for the Bureau of Home Economics), while others were "ordinary homemakers," such as Leanna Field Driftmier. In academia, home economics widened its focus to include child care and parenting. Some institutions obtained babies from adoption agencies or orphanages; these "practice babies" were cared for by students in "practice homes" where the students lived on rotation. J. C. Penney's hired its first home economist in 1937 and she began a biannual publication for home economics teachers, Fashions and Fabrics, which included fabric swatches. The Great Depression put a strain on the field of home economics with funding and budget cuts, and membership in the American Home Economics Association fell sharply. Home economists help develop new "famine foods" such as "Milkorno" (cornmeal, dried-milk power, and salt), "Milkwheato," and "Milkoato," Eleanor Roosevelt published It's Up to the Women, a home economics book covering budgeting, nutrition, childcare, and home furnishing, with repeated recommendations for readers to contact local home economics schools for help. Roosevelt promoted home economics in her My Day newspaper column as well. Numerous New Deal projects included home economics. One that had significant impact was a project to develop standardized clothing sizes, which hire hundreds of people to take more than 5,000,000 distinct measurements of nearly 150,000 children and 15,000 women. Another was to provide school lunches. The Rural Electrification Administration hired home economists to convince rural families of the advantages of electricity through a travelling expo known as the Electric Circus that demonstrated appliances to a million people in 26 states over four years. The Bureau of Home Economics and other home economists stepped up again in World War II, with the bureau distributing 28,000,000 bulletins in 1943 alone. Clarice Scott designed women's work clothes for farm, factory, medical, and laboratory jobs, which Eleanor Roosevelt featured in a fashion show for the press. When a third of the men drafted failed physicals for nutrition-related factors, the Food and Nutrition Board was established and produced the first recommended daily allowances for vitamins and minerals, calorie intake, and basic food groups. The government featured home economists in the short films Women in Defense and Negro Colleges in War Time. Nearly 2000 dieticians were commissioned at second lieutenants in the Army; several were imprisoned at Santo Tomas Internment Camp when Japan took Corregidor. After the war ended, there was a society-wide transformation of women's roles, with more women marrying and getting married younger, higher birth rates, fewer women attending college, and fewer women employed in the workplace. Home economics shifted to focus on training for future wives and mothers. Funding for home economics and home-ec teacher training was permanently authorized by the Vocational Education Act of 1963, and the number of girls taking home ec in high school increased. Dreilinger points out the contradiction that tens of thousands of professional home economists were "building careers telling other women to stay home, often while someone else cooked and cleaned for them." As older skills had been rendered unnecessary with modern appliances, the field expanded itself to include family life education. The American Home Economics Association updated the definition of home economics to "the field of knowledge and service primarily concerned with strengthening family life." Textbooks added content on self-improvement and how to be more likable to boys. During the Cold War, many home economists from the United States went abroad to provide education on nutrition, health, and women's issues, many funded by foundations, the government, and the United Nations. Their efforts were both humanitarian and political, contributing to American influence. The field of business home economics—women working for corporations, product manufacturers, lobbying groups, and trade associations—grew rapidly through the 1950s and 1960s. Columbia Gas Company of Ohio had a team of home economists working as the persona of "Betty Newton," just as General Mills had many behind the character Betty Crocker. Business home economists combined instruction with sales, and were better paid than their counterparts in academia. The Betty Newtons educated both the consumers and the repairman on the gas company's appliances, wrote manuals, produced movies and radio programs. A new stove, refrigerator, or other appliance came with a house call from a Betty Newton to help the family get started with their new purchase. Business home economists provided commercial teaching aids to classrooms. Television became a new way to reach potential consumers. Mary Brown Allgood, a professor at Penn State, published Television Demonstration Techniques for Home Economists in 1953, providing methods, formats, and techniques for future cooking shows. With the advent of the Space Race, public attention turned to scientific and technological competition with the Soviet Union; home economics, which had positioned itself as training for homemaking, was a much less important priority in that atmosphere. The pioneers of the field were retiring; programs were being closed, down-sized, or demoted in importance; the vestiges of hard science in home economics are all but gone. Home economists found a revived purpose in the War on Poverty, working with welfare agencies and Community Action Agencies, holding workshops, giving community classes. They contributed to the establishment of Head Start and trained Head Start child care workers. Home economist Mollie Orshansky calculated the cost to buy food for a family and created an index that was used to determine the federal poverty line. Dreilinger examines how Black women were marginalized in the field and barred from the southern states' branches of the American Home Economics Association. Even after the association desegregated in 1963, the Future Homemakers and New Homemakers remained segregated by race with separate conferences and advisory boards. Because the two organizations received federal funding, they were forced to integrate by July 1, 1965; however, leadership positions in the merged groups were primarily given to white girls and women. A speech by feminist activist Robin Morgan at the 1971 American Home Economics Association conference triggered a revolution inside the organization, with members recognizing that they had taught one lifestyle while practicing a different one, and that they had been "perpetuating the patriarchy". Home economists began to modernize; authors of textbooks took on topics such as discrimination and inequality; home ec was promoted as vocational education for hotel managers, diet counselors, and fashion designers. In 1975, the association elected a Black president. It advocated for the metric system. The Heritage Foundation attacked the American Home Economics Association in a 1980 booklet, claiming that its definition of family was too broad and that its teachings endorsed moral relativism; it had endorsed or supported stances that the foundation found problematic, such as gender equity, contraception, and abortion rights. Next, the field was under fire by the 1983 report, A Nation at Risk, which decried the state of the country's education system. The field fought back, with articles arguing that society was a risk from much greater problems, ones that home economics could be used to addressed. In 1986, five home economics textbooks were challenged in Smith v. Board of School Commissioners of Mobile County with the claim that they taught the tenets of secular humanism. Although the initial finding that the textbooks were unconstitutional as promoting a religion (secular humanism) was overturned on appeal, it had a chilling effect on what publishers would permit in textbooks and what teachers would present in the classroom. By the 1990s, the American Home Economics Association had less than half the number of members it had in 1980. More professionals chose more specific titles, such as family counselors, nutritionists, interior designers, and marketing consultations. The Bureau of Labor Statistics no longer included the job title "home economist" in its Occupational Outlook Handbook. A 1993 meeting in Scottsdale recommended renaming the field "family and consumer sciences;" the association adopted the new name, but "home economics" continued to be used in many universities and in other countries. Despite the blows to its status and reputation over the years, more than 27,000 teachers taught family and consumer sciences to 3.5 million public school students in 2010–2012, and more than 38,000 degrees were granted by 786 U.S. universities in 2017–2018. Dreilinger concludes with recommendations for reviving the study of home economics: Change the name back to "home economics." Make home economics mandatory. Diversify the profession. Embrace life skills as well as career preparation. Advance the progressive, scientific, ecological view within home economics. Reception In June, 2021, Secret History of Home Economics was recommended reading by The New York Times. The Philadelphia Tribune reviewer says "Readers of women’s history will love this book, as will general historians, feminists, and anyone with an interest in domestic arts." Margaret Talbot in The New Yorker describes the book as "deeply researched and crisply written" and says "Dreilinger also does much to showcase the work of Black home economists." The review in the Star Tribune by Katherine A. Powers describes it as "a fascinating history of the field and of the contributions of some very determined women." Virginia Postrel, reviewing for The New York Times, notes that Dreilinger views the discipline's evolution "through a contemporary progressive lens" and fails to address whether home economics still makes sense as an academic discipline. In The Wall Street Journal, Barbara Spindel calls the book captivating, but concludes, "Ms. Dreilinger charmed me with her account of home ec’s fascinating past. She didn’t quite sell me on the need for its future." The book is longlisted for the 2022 Andrew Carnegie Medal for Excellence in Nonfiction. Additional reviews Salon Washington Post Foreign Affairs Publishers Weekly See also Catharine Beecher Doris Calloway Freda DeKnight Fabiola Cabeza de Baca Gilbert Marjorie Husted Flemmie Pansy Kittrell Helen S. Mitchell Mary Ellen Weathersby Pope Lydia Roberts Lorene Rogers B. Smith Hazel Stiebeling Notes References 2021 non-fiction books American non-fiction books Books about women W. W. Norton & Company books
甲状腺功能五项正常有结节怎么办？甲状腺结节是指在甲状腺内的肿块，可随吞咽动作随甲状腺而上下移动，是临床常见的病症，可由多种病因引起。临床上有多种甲状腺疾病，如甲状腺退行性变、炎症、自身免疫以及新生物等都可以表现为结节。甲状腺结节可以单发，也可以多发，多发结节比单发结节的发病率高，但单发结节甲状腺癌的发生率较高。甲状腺功能五项正常有结节如果超声提示结节是恶性的或者良性的结节，径线比较大，对周围的脏器有压迫症状。需要及时手术治疗，手术治疗对甲状腺结节预后是非常好的，如果恶性的结节同时伴有颈部淋巴结的转移，手术之后还需要同时做碘-131的治疗。甲状腺结节一般都是在超声体检的过程中发现的，如果超声提示良性结节，结节比较小，对周围脏器没有压迫症状。每3-6个月复查1次超声，观察结节的变化就可以。同时还需要检测甲功五项，看是否合并甲亢或者甲减。如果有甲亢或者甲减，去内分泌科把甲功调到正常范围。所有甲状腺结节患者均应进行血清TSH和甲状腺激素水平测定。血清甲状腺激素水平增高，TSH降低，提示甲状腺结节为自主高功能性结节，绝大多数为良性结节。传统认为MNG发生癌的机会要比单发结节少。而用高分辨率的超声检查发现许多扪诊为单发结节者实际上是多发结节，现在认为两者之间癌的发生率没有多少差别。因此，对于MNG的处理首先要排除恶性。若sTSH降低提示为甲亢。若FNA细胞学诊断为恶性或可疑恶性者，应予手术治疗。甲状腺结节一定要注意个人的饮食习惯，平时不能吃辣的、辛的、刺激性强的食物、生冷的食物，而且不能吸烟喝酒。平时不可以暴饮暴食，一定要按时按量的进食。
Konstantinos Ioannou (; born 5 May 1967) is a retired Greek football defender. References 1967 births Living people Egaleo F.C. players Atromitos F.C. players Apollon Smyrnis F.C. players Kalamata F.C. players Super League Greece players Men's association football defenders Footballers from Athens Greek men's footballers
鼻息肉的危害是什么?？鼻息肉患者如果不及时采取治疗的话，不仅会加重鼻息肉的病症，而且还会引发鼻息肉可诸多并发症。如咽喉炎、中耳炎及心、肺等脏器功能损害，有的甚至会发生恶变;少数巨大息肉可引起侵袭性并发症。那些生长较快、体积巨大的息肉，会挤压破坏鼻窦壁或鼻腔顶壁：继之侵犯眼眶、额窦、前颅窝、蝶窦和中颅窝等部位。
缘刺盘菌属（学名：Cheilymenia）是火丝菌科下的一个属。下属物种本属包括以下物种： Cheilymenia apiculispora J.Moravec Cheilymenia asteropila J.Moravec Cheilymenia aurantiacorubra K.S.Thind & S.C.Kaushal Cheilymenia aurea Boud. Cheilymenia bisetosa (K.S.Thind & S.C.Kaushal) Chin S.Yang & Korf Cheilymenia bohemica (Velen.) J.Moravec Cheilymenia cadaverina (Velen.) Svrček Cheilymenia campestris (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) J.Moravec Cheilymenia carota (Boedijn & Overeem) Cheilymenia catenipila J.Moravec Cheilymenia chandigarhii K.S.Thind & Waraitch Cheilymenia chionophila T.Schumach. 毛缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia ciliata Maas Geest. Cheilymenia cinnabarina (Schwein.) Rea Cheilymenia citrinella (Velen.) Svrček Cheilymenia coprinaria (Cooke) Boud. Cheilymenia coprinella (Sacc.) Boud. Cheilymenia coprogena (Berk. & Broome) Rifai Cheilymenia crassistriata (J.Moravec) J.Moravec Cheilymenia dennisii J.Moravec Cheilymenia erecta (Sowerby) Boud. 粪居缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia fimicola (Bagl.) Dennis Cheilymenia fraudans (P.Karst.) Boud. Cheilymenia fulvescens (Nyl.) Boud. Cheilymenia gemella (P.Karst.) J.Moravec 粒缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia granulata (Bull.) J.Moravec Cheilymenia humarioides (Rehm) Gamundí Cheilymenia hyalochaeta (Speg.) Gamundí Cheilymenia insignis (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Boud. Cheilymenia karstenii J.Moravec Cheilymenia lacteaalba Svrček, Arnolds & J.Moravec Cheilymenia lacteoalba Arnolds & J.Moravec Cheilymenia laevispora Dougoud Cheilymenia lemuriensis R.Heim Cheilymenia lentiformis (Pers. ex Sacc.) Boud. Cheilymenia liskae J.Moravec, R.Fellner & Landa Cheilymenia loennbohmii (P.Karst.) Boud. Cheilymenia lundqvistii J.Moravec Cheilymenia luteopallens (Nyl.) Boud. 大缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia magnifica (W.Y.Zhuang & Korf) J.Moravec Cheilymenia magnipila J.Moravec Cheilymenia megaspora (Gamundí) J.Moravec Cheilymenia micropila Svrček & J.Moravec Cheilymenia muscorum (Holmsk.) Boud. Cheilymenia nivalis Boud. Cheilymenia notabilispora J.Moravec Cheilymenia oligotricha (P.Karst.) J.Moravec Cheilymenia pallida A.E.Bell & Dennis Cheilymenia parvispora J.Moravec Cheilymenia pediseta (Clem.) J.Moravec Cheilymenia polaripustulata J.Moravec Cheilymenia pseudohumarioides Dissing, J.Moravec & Sivertsen Cheilymenia pulcherrima (P.Crouan & H.Crouan) Boud. Cheilymenia radhanagarensis S.D.Patil & M.S.Patil Cheilymenia raripila (W.Phillips) Dennis Cheilymenia rubra (Roum.) Boud. Cheilymenia sclerotiorum T.Schumach. Cheilymenia simlensis K.S.Thind & Waraitch 中国缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia sinensis W.Y.Zhuang Cheilymenia squamosa (Schumach.) Boud. Cheilymenia stercoraria (Velen.) J.Moravec 粪生缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia stercorea (Pers.) Boud. Cheilymenia subhirsuta (Schumach.) Boud. Cheilymenia tandonii K.S.Thind & S.C.Kaushal Cheilymenia tervetensis Raitv. & Vimba 黄缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia theleboloides (Alb. & Schwein.) Boud. Cheilymenia uvarum (Rehm) Boud. Cheilymenia villosa Gamundí Cheilymenia vinacea (Rabenh.) Boud. 蛋黄缘刺盘菌 Cheilymenia vitellina'' (Pers.) Dennis 参考文献火丝菌科 1885年描述的分类群
怎么判断急性宫颈炎和慢性宫颈炎？急性子宫颈炎较慢性子宫颈炎少见，多发生于产褥感染或感染性流产之后。阴道滴虫、霉菌及淋球菌感染可同时伴有急性子宫颈炎。急性宫颈炎最常见的原因是淋球菌感染，病原体累及宫颈黏膜腺体，沿黏膜表面扩散引起浅层感染；其他病原体如链球菌、葡萄球菌、肠球菌等可直接引起急性宫颈炎或继发于子宫内膜感染。链球菌及葡萄球菌与淋球菌不同，侵入宫颈较深，链球菌侵入宫颈的淋巴通道可引起盆腔蜂窝组织炎，多见于感染性流产或产褥感染。病因：当纱布、棉球或其他异物放置阴道内时间过长时很容易诱发感染，引起急性子宫颈炎。分娩或流产引起的宫颈裂伤继发感染是急性子宫颈炎的常见病因。阴道发生急性滴虫性阴道炎或霉菌性阴道炎、细菌性阴道炎时也可以同时引起急性宫颈炎症；淋病双球菌感染时常出现急性淋菌性宫颈炎。使用高浓度的酸性或碱性溶液冲洗阴道，或阴道置入腐蚀性药品，均可破坏阴道、宫颈组织，可能引起子宫颈炎、阴道炎。淋菌性宫颈炎和沙眼衣原体性宫颈炎主要侵犯宫颈管内黏膜腺体的柱状上皮，如直接向上蔓延则可导致上生殖道黏膜感染。一般化脓菌则侵入宫颈组织较深，并可沿两侧宫颈淋巴管向上蔓延导致盆腔结缔组织炎。白带增多是急性宫颈炎最常见的、有时甚至是惟一的症状，常呈脓性。由于宫颈炎常与尿道炎、膀胱炎或急性阴道炎、急性子宫内膜炎等并存，常使宫颈炎的其他症状被掩盖，如不同程度的下腹部、腰骶部坠痛及膀胱刺激症状等。急性淋菌性宫颈炎时，可有不同程度的发热和白细胞计数增多。本病常与阴道炎症同时发生，也可同时发生急性子宫内膜炎。
幽门螺杆菌抗体呈阳性是什么意思？幽门螺杆菌抗体呈阳性提示有幽门螺旋杆菌感染的，这种病原体感染后，可以有口臭，还可以诱发胃炎，消化道溃疡，和胃癌的发生也有一定的关系的，这种细菌感染后容易反复不愈的，治疗一般要联合用药。检测幽门螺旋杆菌的方法很种，可以比较下1、血清方式测试现在医院极少使用了，因患者在治愈之后，血中幽菌抗体仍存在一、二年，很有可能会测出假阳性！2、现在医院一般采用C13和C14呼气试验：间接检出幽菌抗原，但C14对人体、环境有污染，服用同位素后在人体不会被衰退（全衰退期有6万年），不适于孕妇、儿童。C13是C14升级版，去除了c14的污染，需要服用相应的C13标记的底物，敏感性和特异性较高。3、医院还会采用胃镜及胃粘膜活检：是一种侵入方式，很多人比较排斥，在没有C13和C14之前都用此方法。病理切片精确度高，化学反应精确度低，小病灶区域容易漏检。很多病人比较排斥，费用高，不利于普查。4、还有种最新且简便的方式：用唾液测试板检测，间接检出幽菌抗原，测定尿素酶敏感性、特异性和针对性比前几者强，简单安全。非常适合初查和复查。治疗方面一般采用羟氨苄青霉素、庆大霉素、克拉霉素和阿莫西林等抗生素疗法。值得注意的是：如果有蛀齿、牙菌斑等口腔疾病那就要引起重视了，那很有可能口腔里有幽门螺旋杆菌发源地。由此，就算胃里的幽门螺旋杆菌除去，口腔里仍在，还是无济于事的！饮食要有规律，生冷腌制不洁食物要忌口，保持口腔清洁。
廖國瑋（，），澳門青年鋼琴家。廖國瑋小學時就讀澳門培正中學，初中就讀粵華中學英文部至中三之後因為鋼琴事業而到外就讀。2003年獲澳門政府頒授功績獎狀。曾獲邀在澳門、香港、中國、日本、美國、意大利、荷蘭、德國等多個國際音樂節及藝術節中演出。此外，曾與澳門樂團、香港管弦樂團、中國愛樂樂團、廣州交響樂團、泛亞交響樂團、北阿肯薩交響樂團以及俄羅斯交響樂團等合作，亦為亞洲及美國多個電台現場演奏並接受訪問。曾獲獎項 1999年「第十屆香港(亞洲)鋼琴公開比賽」少年組冠軍 2002年北京「第六十五屆史坦威國際青少年鋼琴比賽」(首屆中國區總決賽)冠軍 2002年「第一屆TOYAMA亞洲青少年音樂比賽」鋼琴少年組第一名 2003年德國「第三屆SEILER國際鋼琴比賽」第二名 2003年獲澳門特別行政區行政長官頒授功績獎狀 2004年「第一屆美國國際學院鋼琴比賽」冠軍及觀眾獎 2004年日本「第五屆柴可夫斯基青少年音樂家大賽」第三名 2005年日本東京「第六屆亞洲蕭邦國際鋼琴大賽」公開組金獎及特別獎 2005年美國「珍娜芭侯雅青年藝術家國際鋼琴比賽」冠軍 2007年美國「第一屆富布萊特國際鋼琴協奏曲大賽」冠軍澳門鋼琴家 K
德博因群島是巴布亞新畿內亞的群島，位於所羅門海，屬於路易西亞德群島的一部分，由3個主島組成，行政方面由米爾恩灣省負責管轄，距離米西馬島13公里，面積41平方公里，人口約2,700。外部連結 Deboyne Island Information Deboyne Atoll map 巴布亚新几内亚岛屿米尔恩湾省
Richard Newman (born March 25, 1966) is an American poet and former long-time editor of River Styx. He is the author of three full-length poetry collections--All the Wasted Beauty of the World (Able Muse, 2014), Domestic Fugues (Steel Toe Books, 2009), and Borrowed Towns (Word Press, 2005)--and one novel, Graveyard of the Gods (Amphorae Press, 2016). Biography Richard Newman was born in Illinois, raised in southern Indiana, a longtime resident of St. Louis, and is now living in Ifrane, Morocco. He is the author of the poetry collections All the Wasted Beauty of the World (Able Muse, 2014), Domestic Fugues (Steel Toe Books, 2009), and Borrowed Towns (Word Press, 2005); the novel Graveyard of the Gods (Amphorae Press, 2016); and four poetry chapbooks: 24 Tall Boys: Dark Verse for Light Times (Snark Publishing/Firecracker Press, 2007), Monster Gallery: 19 Terrifying and Amazing Monster Sonnets! (Snark Publishing, 2005), Tastes Like Chicken and Other Meditations (Snark Publishing, 2004), and Greatest Hits (Pudding House Press, 2001). He is also an acclaimed songwriter. His work has appeared in Best American Poetry 2006 (edited by Billy Collins), Ted Kooser's American Life in Poetry, Garrison Keillor's Writer's Almanac, Boulevard, Crab Orchard Review, The Ledge (as winner of The Ledge 2010 Poetry Competition), New Letters, (where he won the 2006 Reader's Choice Award), Poetry Daily, The Sun, Tar River Poetry, Verse Daily, and many other periodicals and anthologies. He was awarded a Regional Arts Commission Individual Artist Fellowship in 2013. Newman earned his MFA at the Brief-Residency Writing Program at Spalding University. He has taught at Washington University in St. Louis, UMSL Honors College, and College of Marshall Islands. He currently teaches at Al Akhawayn University in Morocco. Newman served as editor of River Styx from 1994 to 2016. He is a member of The CharFlies, a junk-folk band based in St. Louis, Missouri. The band is on temporary hiatus. Excerpt from Borrowed Towns Coins My change: a nickel caked with finger grime; two nicked quarters not long for this life, worth more for keeping dead eyes shut than bus fare; a dime, shining in sunshine like a new dime; grubby pennies, one stamped the year of my birth, no brighter than I from 40 years of wear. What purses, piggy-banks, and window sills have these coins known, their presidential heads pinched into what beggar's chalky palm-- they circulate like tarnished red blood cells, all of us exchanging the merest film of our lives, and the lives of those long dead. And now my turn in the convenience store, I hand over my fist of change, still warm, to the bored, lip-pierced check-out girl, once more to be spun down cigarette machines, hurled in fountains, flipped for luck--these dirty charms chiming in the dark pockets of the world. External links River Styx Poetry Foundation Inaugural Poet Richard Blanco discusses humor in poetry and reads Newman's "Bless Their Hearts" Review of All the Wasted Beauty of the World Another Review of All the Wasted Beauty of the World Q&A regarding his novel, Graveyard of the Gods Review of Graveyard of the Gods Another review of Graveyard of the Gods Interview in St. Louis Post-Dispatch How A Poem Happens interview Newman named Best Local Poet in St. Louis by the Riverfront Times Feature article on Newman's work at River Styx Newman on National Poetry Month with a Poet-a-Day References 1966 births Living people Spalding University alumni 21st-century American poets Writers from St. Louis Poets from Missouri Washington University in St. Louis faculty University of Missouri–St. Louis faculty Academic staff of Al Akhawayn University
做人流手术应该挂什么科？人流手术是指用手术的方法终止妊娠，也就是人工终止妊娠。现代人流手术方式包括负压吸引术和钳刮术等。负压吸引术就是用一根中空的吸管进到宫腔，通过负压将子宫内的胚胎组织吸出来，而钳刮术是用卵圆钳将子宫内大块的胚胎组织夹出来。在怀孕十四周以前可以行人流手术。人流手术属于计划生育科的范畴，但多数地点未设立单独的计划生育科，而是把人流手术划分到妇科，所以做人流手术，挂妇科的号就可以就诊。人流最佳的时间段为怀孕后四十天到七十天内，药流最佳的时间段为四十九天内。这里的最佳时间段是对女性术后最佳恢复期的时间段，也就是伤害减小到最小。人流做多了会不孕，药流则会流不干净则还需刮宫，药流没流干净的可能性是存在的。做人流手术最好选择早上去，因为手术之前四个小时是要禁食的，术前两小时禁水。那么早上过去的时候，就不要喝水吃饭，憋好尿直接去做彩超，然后就可以做术前检查了，结果出来没有问题就可以手术了，手术之后就可以吃东西了。做完人流手术之后，应该观察两个小时的，注意阴道流血的情况和腹部疼痛的情况，如果没有任何反应就可以回家的，人流后应该在家里休息两个星期左右的，并且一定要预防自己发烧着凉或感冒的情况，多吃一些富有营养的食物，这样可以让身体尽快的恢复正常。做了人流手术之后，会有阴道少量出血的情况的，这是正常现象，但是期间是没有任何血块出现的，初选，一般两个星期之内就可以走干净了，手术当天会有腹部疼痛的症状，如果手术之后，腹痛比较明显，应该去检查一下。
卡爾·威廉·梅斯（，），為美國職棒大聯盟的投手。他生涯拿到207勝，1921年更是拿下單季27勝，也拿過4次世界大賽冠軍。不過他最廣為人知的還是用觸身球擊中雷·查普曼的頭部，造成查普曼死亡。這是大聯盟唯一一次觸身球造成球員死亡的案例。球員生涯根據一戰的服役卡，梅斯生於1891年11月12日。父親是一名衛理公會部長，名叫威廉·亨利·梅斯。在梅斯12歲時，他父親去世，由他的叔叔和阿姨擔任他的監護人。他因為受到衛理公會教義的約束，他拒絕在星期日投球。梅斯有個綽號叫做「潛水艇」，因為他是屬於下勾型的側投。他的主要球種是口水球，這種球路在他發生查普曼死亡事件前都是合法使用的。梅斯投球習慣丟打者內角，因此他的觸身球也是相當的多。 1915年，當時梅斯身穿紅襪戰袍面對老虎隊，每一次當老虎球星泰·柯布站上打擊區時，梅斯就丟一顆觸身球。雙方互相用言語攻擊對方後，便打起群架來。梅斯還趁事件結束後打了柯布一拳。最後老虎以6比1贏球，梅斯的名聲也因此降低。 1919年，紅襪將梅斯、貝比·魯斯、韋特·霍伊特、賀伯·潘奈克等明星球員交易到洋基隊。雷·查普曼死亡事件 1920年8月16日，洋基對決印地安人，當時梅斯準備挑戰他的生涯第100勝。在第五局查普曼上場時，梅斯丟了一顆快速直球，不過球不是往好球帶飛，而是往查普曼的頭部飛去。當時因為天色昏暗，查普曼沒能看清球路，直接被球擊中頭部。由於觸擊聲過大，梅斯一度以為球是擊中棒子，還將球接住傳給一壘手，然而查普曼卻當場倒地不起。特里斯·史畢克為第一個跑上場關心查普曼的球員，不過梅斯卻完全沒有下投手丘查看查普曼的傷勢。查普曼緊急被送往醫院，發現他的頭骨已經碎裂。經過一天的手術後還是急救無效宣告死亡。那場比賽梅斯一路投到第9局，印地安人最終4比3贏球。紐約區的律師認為這不是蓄意謀殺而是一場意外，因此對梅斯不起訴。發生意外的三個月後，梅斯也宣稱他很後悔，但是他說當時那顆觸身球不是故意丟的。生涯後期 1921年可說是梅斯的生涯巔峰，先發49場拿下27勝成為勝投王，單季投336.2局也是美聯最高。但是有人卻質疑他在1921年世界大賽放水，許多人也把此事跟1919年的黑襪事件做連結，不過此事也未得到證實。這個謠言加上查普曼死亡事件還有他在球場上的許多糾紛也讓他遲遲入選不了名人堂。他15年的棒球生涯合計207勝126敗，防禦率2.92，五次單季20勝以上。他還擊出過5支全壘打，110分打點，生涯打擊率高達2成68。梅斯不僅是紅襪隊史上唯一一位同天投出2場9局完投勝的投手，他也是幫助1910年代的紅襪締造冠軍王朝的功臣之一。晚年退休後，梅斯擔任印地安人、勇士、皇家的球探。他也很要求所有棒球員在進行棒球運動時的安全性。梅斯在加州的埃爾卡洪去世，享年79歲。他被葬在波特蘭。他遠房親戚的後代，Joe Mays，曾在1999年至2006年間打過大聯盟。紀念 2008年，名人堂資深委員會將包含梅斯在內的十位球員(初登板於1943年以前)提名至名人堂，不過梅斯沒有入選。參考資料外部連結美國棒球運動員波士頓紅襪球員紐約洋基球員辛辛那提紅人球員紐約巨人球員美國職棒大聯盟投手美國聯盟勝投王肯塔基州人
Edestus is an extinct genus of eugeneodontid holocephalian fish known from the Late Carboniferous (Pennsylvanian) of the United Kingdom, Russia, and the United States. Most remains consist of isolated curved blades or "whorls" that are studded with teeth, that in life were situated within the jaws. Edestus is a Greek name derived from the word edeste (to devour), in reference to the aberrant quality and size of the species' teeth. The largest species, E. heinrichi, has been conservatively estimated to reach greater than 6.7 m (22 ft) in length, around the size of the largest known great white shark. Like its other relatives, such as Helicoprion, and unlike modern sharks, the species of Edestus grew teeth in curved blades or "whorls". In Edestus' case, only a single row of teeth occurred in the midline of each jaw, leading Edestus to sometimes be described as the "scissor tooth shark". The degree of curvature in the teeth brackets, along with size, are distinct in each species. History of discovery Edestus was first described by Joseph Leidy in 1856. The type species is Edestus vorax, the holotype specimen (ANSP 9899) is very fragmentary and of uncertain stratigraphic and geographic provenance, reported to be from Muskogee County, Oklahoma, though this has been questioned. In 1855 Edward Hitchcock presented a specimen of Edestus to the American Association for the Advancement of Science meeting at Providence, Rhode Island the specimen (a tooth whorl) had been originally found in Parke County, Indiana. The specimen was loaned to famed British anatomist Richard Owen in 1861, who referred the specimen to Edestus and suggested that it was a fin spine. Edestus minor was described in 1866 by John Strong Newberry based on AMNH FF477, a single crown that lacks most of the root from Posey County, Indiana. Edestus heinrichi was described in 1870 by Newberry and Amos Henry Worthen from a now-lost specimen found in Illinois. Edestus triserratus was described in 1904 by Edwin Tulley Newton, from GSM 31410, which was found in the Coal Measures in Staffordshire, England which is a partial tooth lacking the apex of the crown. Oliver Perry Hay in 1912 was the first to describe an associated pair of upper and lower tooth whorls (USNM V7255), found in a coal mine near Lehigh, Iowa, which he assigned to the new species Edestus mirus, now thought to be a synonym of Edestus minor. Specimens of Edestus are also known from the Moscow Basin on the Russian Platform. Edestus karpinskii was described by A.B. Missuna in 1908 from remains found near Kolomna around 100 km southeast of Moscow. Edestus minusculus was described by Hay in 1912 from a specimen originally described by Alexander Karpinsky as Edestus cf. minor from a specimen found at the Myachkova quarry, near Moscow. Description The whorls of Edestus are composed of numerous serrated teeth that have long v-shaped roots that are stacked on top of each other akin to roof tiling. Up to a dozen teeth are present in each whorl at any one time. Teeth grew in the back end (posterior) of the whorl, and gradually migrated forward through the whorl, before being ejected at the front end (anterior). Up to 40 teeth could have grown in each whorl during the lifetime of the animal. The upper and lower whorls are distinct in their morphology, with the lower whorl having a greater degree of curvature.As with most cartilaginous fish, preserved skeletal material is rare, due to the cartilage of the skeleton having a poor potential for fossilisation. Several specimens with the preserved cranial remains of Edestus have been reported, the most important being FMNH PF2204, a crushed juvenile specimen, likely representative of E. heinrichi, which preserves both upper and lower blades in association with a well preserved chondrocranium and jaws. The Meckel's cartilage of the lower jaw is approximately 1.5 times the length of the lower whorl, the end of the lower whorl extends forward beyond the edge of the Meckel's cartiilage. The Meckel's cartilage was articulated with a slender quadrate via a socket in the Meckel's cartilage which articlulated with a process of the quadrate. The quadrate at its other end articulated with the otic process of the chondrocranium, the structure that houses the brain and sensory organs. The upper tooth blade was rigidly held between two plates of palatine cartilage, which at their front ends are crescent shaped, matching the curvature of the tooth whorl, with the upper whorl extending forward beyond the cartilage. The chondrocranium was capped by a shield-shaped dorsal plate. No postcranial remains are known of Edestus. However, poscranial remains are known for other eugeneodont genera. Eugeneodonts with preserved postcrania include the Pennsylvanian to Triassic-age caseodontoids Caseodus, Fadenia, and Romerodus. These taxa have a fusiform (streamlined, torpedo-shaped) body plan, with triangular pectoral fins. There is a single large and triangular dorsal fin without a fin spine, and a tall, forked caudal fin which externally appears to be homocercal (with two equally-sized lobes). This general body plan is shared by active, open-water predatory fish such as tuna, swordfish, and lamnid sharks. Eugeneodonts also lack pelvic and anal fins, and judging by Romerodus, they would have had broad keels along the side of the body up to the caudal fin. Fadenia had five well-exposed gill slits, possibly with a vestigial sixth gill. There is no evidence of the specialized gill basket and fleshy operculum present in living chimaeroids. The cranium of FMNH PF2204 is around 25 centimetres in length, and the associated upper and lower whorls have lengths of 10.4 and 8 cm respectively. The largest known individuals of E. heinrichi are an upper whorl 32 cm in length and a lower whorl 43 cm in length. The estimated minimum length of the skulls of these individuals based on allometry are around 77 cm and 134 cm respectively. Based on a 5:1 body length to head ratio, this suggests that individuals of E. heinrichi could reach lengths of 6.7 m. Paleobiology Due to the unusual nature of the tooth whorls and the historic lack of cranial material, many hypotheses for how the whorls functioned have been proposed. Early hypotheses suggested that they were indeed teeth or were defensive spines located on the fins. Wayne M. Itano proposed that the whorls were arranged vertically to slash prey. In the description of the cranial material of Edestus, Tapanila and colleagues (2018) found that the tooth whorls functioned as effective grasping and slicing tools for soft bodied prey. The jaws of Edestus were operated by a two gear system, involving double jointing of the quadrate bone allowing for forward and backward movement of the lower jaw, similar to the streptostyly seen in living squamates, with an estimated force ouput of 1907 newtons. The authors proposed that during prey approach, adductor muscles pulled the Meckel's cartilage of the lower jaw upwards and forwards to close the jaw, causing each tooth to slice roughly three times its length, and further push the prey into the teeth of the upper whorl. During the subsequent opening of the jaw mouth the Meckel's cartilage moved backwards and downwards by the adductor muscles, causing further slicing. Species and distribution 13 species of Edestus have been named, but in a 2019 morphometric analysis only 4 were considered valid, which span a six million year interval in the Late Carboniferous (313-307 million years ago). Species of Edestus are divided into two groups, those which have asymmetrical crowns that slant forwards, and those with symmetrical ones. The earliest known species are from the late Bashkirian of the United Kingdom, with the first appearances in Russia and the United States during the Moscovian, corresponding to a rise in sea level. These localities were situated in paleoequatorial tropical latitudes. Most remains of Edestus are found in marine shales that overlie coal swamp deposits as a result of marine transgression events. Asymmetric crowns E. triserratus Newton, 1904 (syn Edestus minusculus Hay, 1909, Edestodus kolomnensis (Lebedev, 2001)) Late Bashkirian to Moscovian, United States, United Kingdom and Russia distinguished by having obtuse triangular crowns that narrow to a "bullet shaped" apex, the denticles are fine and the root is proportionally longer than E. minor upper whorl has a massive straight base, while the lower whorl is slender and more tightly curved. E. minor Newberry in Newberry and Worthen, 1866 (syn E. mirus Hay, 1912 E. pringlei Watson, 1930) Late Bashkirian to Moscovian, United States and United Kingdom distinguished from other species by obtuse tapered crowns with fine denticles and a strongly curved lower whorl Symmetric crowns E. heinrichi Newberry and Worthen, 1870 (syn E. protopirata Trautschold, 1879, Protopirata centrodon Trautschold, 1888, E. karpinskyi Missuna, 1908, E. crenulatus Hay, 1909, E. serratus Hay, 1909) Moscovian of the United States and Russia, distinguished by having crowns with an acute triangular shape, with a slightly longer posterior than anterior edge, coarse denticles, and long and straight roots in the upper whorl, slightly curved in the lower whorl E. vorax Leidy, 1856 (syn E. giganteus Newberry, 1889) Moscovian of the United States distinguished by crowns with acute triangular shape, a slightly longer posterior edge, very coarse denticles, stout roots that extend deep beneath the tooth crown, and intermediate apex angle Edestus newtoni, described by Arthur Smith Woodward in 1916 from the "Millstone Grit" of Yorkshire, United Kingdom, has a much greater curvature of the whorl than other species of Edestus, and has sometimes been placed in its own genus Lestrodus. A placement in a separate genus is supported by its lack of a convex bulge opposite the tooth crowns, which is present on all other species of Edestus. References Elasmo Research Edestidae Prehistoric cartilaginous fish genera Carboniferous cartilaginous fish Pennsylvanian fish of North America Carboniferous fish of Europe Fossil taxa described in 1856 Prehistoric shark genera
甲状腺手术体位训练要求是什么？众所周知，甲状腺手术是颈部手术，很多患者反映，术后会有颈椎、脖子肿痛，甚至头晕、头疼、恶心、呕吐等严重症状。由于甲状腺位于颈部，手术中需要颈部过伸体位，颈部过伸超过60分钟，复杂的甲状腺手术可能需要2-3小时甚至更久，年老患者伴有颈椎病的可能加重，出现颈椎脊髓压迫，出现严重并发症，除了术前明确诊断，排除颈椎病外，颈部体位训练是目前行之有效的减轻术后上述症状的方法。体位训练要注意以下几点：1、训练前准备：米字操。自然站立，双目平视，抬头后仰，双眼望天，停留5秒；缓慢向前胸部位低头，双眼看地，使下颌尽量紧贴前胸，停留5秒；将头部缓慢偏向左侧，左耳贴近左肩，让右侧颈部伸直后，停留5秒；再缓慢偏向右侧，右耳贴近右肩。让右边颈部伸直后，停留5秒；可放松颈部肌肉，缓解颈椎压力，减轻体位训练的不适感。整套动作要轻松，舒展，以不感到头晕为宜2、颈部过伸体位训练：患者坐于床上，选用合适厚度的枕头，书本作为肩部垫枕，垫枕放于与肩同齐处，后平卧在床上，使颈部呈过伸位，充分暴露颈前部。下颌、气管、胸骨处于同一水平线。训练结束后，先卧床休息1到2分钟，然后在家属的帮助下缓慢坐起。甲状腺手术后要积极护理，饮食要保持平衡的营养。一定要根据患者的需要来补充相应的营养素，除了补充充足的优质蛋白质之外也应该适当的补充碳水化合物和低脂肪，注意补充无机盐、维生素以及纤维素，这些营养物质都可以在新鲜的蔬菜和水果里面获取。做完手术之后为了防止癌症肿瘤的复发，平时要多吃一些具有抗肿瘤作用的食物比如海带、杏、萝卜、无花果、香菇、山药、大蒜、茯苓、甲鱼、蘑菇、金针菇、核桃、山药、黑豆、核桃、石榴等。
Overseas Vietnamese (, or ) refers to Vietnamese people who live outside Vietnam. There are approximately 5 million overseas Vietnamese, the largest community of whom live in the United States. Overseas Vietnamese make up the fifth largest Asian diaspora, after the Indian diaspora, Overseas Chinese, Overseas Filipinos and the Lebanese diaspora. The term ('Vietnamese sojourner') is used by people in Vietnam to refer to Vietnamese living outside the country and is not a term of self-identification. However, many overseas Vietnamese also use the terms ('Overseas Vietnamese') or ('free Vietnamese'). History These are some of the several categories of Overseas Vietnamese: People who left Vietnam before 1975. This population usually resides in neighboring countries, such as Cambodia, Laos, Thailand and China, as well as those who settled in Korea and Japan before French colonization. During the French colonial era, many Vietnamese also migrated to France as students or workers. People who fled Vietnam in the immediate aftermath of the Vietnam War, many of them via Operation New Life and Operation Babylift, and their descendants. This is the largest Vietnamese diaspora group, found mainly in North America, Western Europe, Hong Kong, and Australasia. People who migrated legitimately from Vietnam to other parts of the Soviet bloc during the Cold War era and chose to remain outside Vietnam after the Soviet collapse, and their descendants. This is the second-largest Vietnamese diaspora group, found mainly in the former Soviet Union and the ex-Warsaw Pact countries of Eastern Europe. Economic migrants who work in other Asian countries such Taiwan, Japan and South Korea. This includes Vietnamese women who married men from these countries through illegal marriage agencies. These agencies are the source of social tension, controversy, and have been criticized for resembling human trafficking. Many women in this category suffer violence by their foreign husbands. Vietnamese living in the Middle East and North Africa, in particular the United Arab Emirates, Egypt, Morocco, Qatar and Kuwait. Many members of this population studied overseas and sought work in other countries. According to a 2014 report by the Associated Press, "women make up at least two-thirds of workers who leave the country", and sometimes leave fathers behind to care for children. The report also said that "the total amount of remittances sent back from all Vietnamese workers overseas now exceeds $2 billion a year." In addition, as of 2020, 190,000 Vietnamese were studying abroad. Most were studying in Australia (30,000), the United States (29,000), Canada (21,000), the UK (12,000) and Asian countries (70,000); as well as an unknown number of illegal Vietnamese immigrants, as unveiled by the Essex lorry deaths throughout massive networks of illegal human trades spanned from Asia to Europe. Around the world United States Vietnamese immigrants in the United States are one of the largest immigrant communities in the world. The community grew from 231,000 in 1980 to perhaps as many as 1.3 million in 2012. Mass migration from Vietnam began in response to the Vietnamese government in the 1970s. During the North Vietnamese military offensive of mid-March 1975, many South Vietnamese citizens were pushed farther and farther south into Saigon. On April 30, the final U.S. troops and diplomats left Saigon and the country came under the control of the Provisional Revolutionary Government. As a result, the North Vietnamese Army (NVA) took control South Vietnam, leading many South Vietnamese to become refugees and immigrate to the United States. Most immigrants fled to the United States as refugees following the end of the Vietnam War, arriving in three distinct waves from the 1960s to the 1990s. The first wave consisted mainly of South Vietnamese citizens and military personnel who had associations with both the South Vietnamese government and the United States. The second wave brought more refugees from the former South Vietnam to the United States in what became known as the "boat people crisis". This wave was characterized by mainly rural people who lacked the education or wealth of the first wave, as well as a large number of ethnic Chinese who were fleeing persecution by the Vietnamese government. The final wave took place in the 1980s into the 1990s. This group included thousands who were the children of Vietnamese mothers and American soldiers. By 1979, the United Nations recognized that the Vietnamese refugee crisis was a "world problem", which led to the First Geneva Conference on Indochinese Refugees in July, 1979. The United States, United Kingdom, Australia, France, and Canada each agreed to accept refugees for resettlement, and Vietnamese refugee entries to the U.S. to peaked from 1979 to 1982. That year, President Jimmy Carter doubled the number of Southeast Asian refugees accepted into the United States, from 7,000 to 14,000. However, 62% of Americans said they disapproved of the measure. The South Vietnamese coming to the U.S. in the second wave did not come willingly. They were forced out of their homes by the N.V.A. and sought refuge in the United States. Many of these people felt betrayed by the U.S.'s handling of the situation in Vietnam and felt conflicted about making the journey there. Nearly all the Vietnamese migrants to the United States during this time were listed as refugees, not as immigrants, because of the forced manner in which they had been exiled to the United States; 99% of Vietnamese newcomers to the United States who received a Green Card in 1982 fell into this category.In 2016 the U.S. Census Bureau estimated the Vietnamese American population to be 2,067,527. The majority live in metropolitan areas in the western half of the country, especially in California and Texas. There are particularly large communities in Orange County, California, San Jose, California, Houston, Texas and Seattle, Washington. Those who fled to escape the North Vietnamese takeover are generally antagonistic toward the communist government of Vietnam. In the United States, Vietnamese immigrants have achieved high levels of education. In 2015, 30% of Vietnamese Americans had attained a bachelor's degree or higher (compared to 19% for the general population). Specifically, 21% of Vietnamese Americans had attained a bachelor's degree (37% for U.S. born Vietnamese and 18% for foreign-born Vietnamese), and 8.9% had attained a postgraduate degree (14% for U.S. born Vietnamese and 7% for foreign-born Vietnamese), compared to 11% postgraduate degree attainment among the general American population. Cambodia Vietnamese constitute about 5% of the population of Cambodia, making them the largest ethnic minority. Vietnamese people began migrating to Cambodia as early as the 17th century. In 1863, when Cambodia became a French colony, many Vietnamese were brought to Cambodia by the French to work on plantations and occupy civil servant positions. During the Lon Nol regime (1970–1975) and Pol Pot regime (1975–1979), many Vietnamese living in Cambodia were killed. Others were either repatriated or escaped to Vietnam or Thailand. During the ten-year Vietnamese occupation of Cambodia from 1979 to 1989 many Vietnamese who had previously lived in Cambodia returned and along with them came friends and relatives. Many former South Vietnamese soldiers also came to Cambodia, fleeing persecution from the communist government. Many living in Cambodia usually speak Vietnamese as their first language and have introduced the Cao Dai religion, with two temples built in Cambodia. Many Cambodians have learned Vietnamese as a result. They are concentrated in the Kratié and Takéo provinces of Cambodia, where villages predominately consist of ethnic Vietnamese. Vietnamese people are also the top tourist group in Cambodia, with 130,831, up 19% as of 2011. China The Vietnamese in China are known as the Gin ethnic group, arriving in Southeastern China beginning in the 16th century. They largely reside in the province of Guangxi and speak Vietnamese and a local variety of Cantonese. , 79,000 Vietnamese nationals were living in China. They formed the second largest group of expatriates in China, while Burmese nationals were the largest. France The number of ethnic Vietnamese living in France is estimated to be about 350,000 as of 2014. France was the first Western country where Vietnamese migrants settled due to the colonization of Vietnam by France that began in the late 1850s. The colonial period saw a significant representation of Vietnamese students in France, as well as professional and blue-collar workers, with many settling permanently. The country would continue to be home to by far the largest overseas Vietnamese population outside Asia until the 1980s, when a higher number of Vietnam War refugees resettled in the United States. A number of Vietnamese loyal to the colonial government and Vietnamese married to French colonists emigrated to France following Vietnam's independence through the Geneva Accords in 1954. During the Vietnam War, a significant number of students and those involved in commerce from South Vietnam continued to arrive in France. The largest influx of Vietnamese people, however, arrived in France as refugees after the Fall of Saigon and end of the Vietnam War in 1975. Vietnamese refugees who settled in France usually had higher levels of education and affluence than Vietnamese refugees who settled in North America, Australia, and the rest of Europe, likely due to cultural familiarity with French culture and that many affluent Vietnamese families had already settled in France. Most Vietnamese in France live in Paris and the surrounding Île-de-France area, but a significant number also reside in major urban centers in the south-east of the country, primarily Marseille, Lyon, and Toulouse. Earlier Vietnamese migrants also settled in the cities of Lille and Bordeaux. In contrast to their counterparts in the English-speaking world, the Vietnamese in France have a higher degree of assimilation, due to cultural, historical, and linguistic knowledge of the host country. The community is still strongly attached to its homeland while being well integrated in French society. The generation of Vietnamese refugees continues to hold on to traditional values. The later generations of French-born Vietnamese strongly identify with French culture rather than Vietnamese, as most were raised and brought up in the French system rather than the Vietnamese one. French media and politicians generally view the Vietnamese community as a "model minority", in part because they are represented as having a high degree of integration within the French society as well as having high economic and academic success. Furthermore, Vietnamese in France on average have a high level of educational attainment and success, a legacy dating back to the colonial era when affluent families and those with connections to the French colonial government sent their children to France to study. The Vietnamese community in France is divided between those who oppose the communist Hanoi government and those who are supportive of it. The pro-communist camp is the more established of the two and was the larger group until the 1970s, consisting mainly of students, workers, and long-established immigrants who arrived before 1975 and their descendants. Meanwhile, the anti-communist camp consists of students, refugees and middle-class immigrants, who began to arrive after 1954, but most of whom fled Vietnam from the South Vietnam after 1975. This division in the community has been present since the 1950s when some Vietnamese students and workers in France supported and praised the communist Viet Minh's policies back home, while Vietnamese loyal to the colonial or non-communist governments and immigrated to France were largely anti-communist. This political rift remained minor until the Fall of Saigon in 1975 when staunchly anti-communist refugees from South Vietnam arrived and established community networks and institutions. The two camps have contradictory political goals and ideologies, and members of one group rarely interact with those of the other group. Such political divisions have prevented the Vietnamese in France from forming a strong, unified community in their host nation, as their counterparts have in North America and Australia (1980). Australia Vietnamese people in Australia constitute one of the largest ethnic groups in Australia, with 294,798 people claiming Vietnamese ancestry at the 2016 census. First-generation Vietnamese Australians who came as refugees varied widely in income and social class. Of those from the Vietnam War era, many Vietnamese Australians are white-collar professionals, while others work primarily in blue-collar jobs. Australian-born Vietnamese tend to earn high levels of educational attainment and success. In 2001, the labour participation rate for Vietnamese refugees was 61%, about the same as that of Australian-born residents (63%). Around three quarters of ethnic Vietnamese live in New South Wales (40.7%) and Victoria (36.8%). The surname, Nguyễn, is the seventh most common family name in Australia (second to Smith in the Melbourne phone book). New Zealand According to the 2018 census, 10,086 New Zealanders identify themselves with the Vietnamese ethnic group. Many of them came to New Zealand to escape religious persecution or war. Canada According to the 2016 census, Canada has 240,615 people who identify as ethnic Vietnamese. The majority of Vietnamese people in Canada reside in the provinces of Ontario and Quebec, with some having lived in Quebec before 1975. Vancouver is also another major destination for newly arrived Vietnamese immigrants since 1980, including Vietnamese of Chinese descent, with the city having a large Chinese population. Germany Vietnamese are the largest Asian ethnic group in Germany. As of 2019, there are about 188,000 people of Vietnamese descent in Germany. In Western Germany, most Vietnamese arrived in the 1970s or 1980s as refugees from the Vietnam War. The comparatively larger Vietnamese community in Eastern Germany traces its origins to assistance agreements between the East German and the North Vietnamese government. Under these agreements, guest workers from Vietnam were brought to East Germany, where they soon made up the largest immigrant group and were provided with technical training. After the fall of the Berlin Wall, many stayed in Germany, although they often faced discrimination, especially in the early years after reunification. As in France, the Vietnamese community is divided between anticommunists in the former West (including the former West Berlin) and pro-communists in the former East, although the difference runs along former borderlines rather than being diffused as in France. Czech Republic The number of Vietnamese people in the Czech Republic was estimated at 61,012 at the 2009 census, although more recent figures have placed the number as high as 80,000. Most Vietnamese immigrants in the Czech Republic reside in Prague, where there is an enclave called Sapa. Unlike Vietnamese immigrants in Western Europe and North America, these immigrants were usually communist cadres studying or working abroad who decided to stay after the collapse of communism in Central and Eastern Europe. The Vietnamese surname Nguyen is even listed as the most common of foreign surnames in the Czech Republic and is the ninth most common surname in the country overall. United Kingdom Vietnamese residing in the United Kingdom number around 55,000 people, in contrast to the trend of the U.K. tending to have the largest East and South East Asian diasporas in Europe. In the 1980s, Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher agreed to take quotas of refugees and 12,000 boat people came to Britain. The most established Vietnamese communities in Britain are in Hackney and other parts of London. There are also communities in Birmingham, Manchester and other major U.K. cities. In addition to the official 4.5 million Vietnamese recognized abroad, an underreported number of illegal Vietnamese immigrants abroad reside in the United Kingdom, a part of worldwide criminal activities resembling modern slavery. Many Vietnamese, lacking official papers and denied official assistance, unfortunately, may become involved in criminal activities, such as unknowingly being hired in cannabis factories. The Essex lorry deaths highlighted the issue of illegal Vietnamese immigrants being smuggled from poverty-stricken regions of Vietnam to other parts of the world. Poland Around 50,000 Vietnamese live in Poland, mostly in big cities. They publish a number of newspapers, both pro- and anti-Communist. The first immigrants were Vietnamese students at Polish universities in the post-World War II era. These numbers increased slightly during the Vietnam War, when agreements between the communist Vietnamese and Polish governments allowed Vietnamese guest workers to obtain industrial training in Poland. A large number of Vietnamese immigrants also arrived after 1989. Belgium An estimated 14,000 ethnic Vietnamese reside in Belgium as of 2012. Similar to the Vietnamese community in France, the Vietnamese Belgian community traces its roots to before the end of the Vietnam War. Beginning in the mid-1960s, Belgium became a popular alternative destination to France for South Vietnamese seeking higher education and career opportunities abroad. A much larger influx of Vietnamese arrived as refugees after the Fall of Saigon. After the Berlin Wall fell in 1989, a small number of Vietnamese workers in former Soviet Bloc countries who were sponsored by the communist Vietnamese government also sought asylum in Belgium. The Vietnamese Belgian population largely resides in and around the capital of Brussels or in the southern French-speaking Wallonia region, especially around the city of Liège. As in France, South Vietnamese refugees to Belgium were largely of higher social standing and integrated much easier into their host country's society than their peers who settled in North America, Australia and the rest of Europe due to better linguistic and cultural knowledge. The Vietnamese Belgian community is strongly attached to its counterpart community in France, with both communities largely achieving higher socioeconomic success in their host countries than other overseas Vietnamese populations. Russia Vietnamese people in Russia form the 72nd-largest ethnic minority community in Russia according to the 2002 census. The census estimated their population at only 26,205 individuals, making them among the smaller groups of Việt Kiều. Unofficial estimates, however, put their population as high as 100,000 to 150,000. Norway An estimated 21,700 ethnic Vietnamese live in Norway as of 2014, and the country has hosted a Vietnamese community since refugee arrivals after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975. The Vietnamese are considered among the best integrated non-Western immigrant groups in Norway, with high rates of Norwegian citizenship among immigrants and success rates in education on par with those of ethnic Norwegians. Netherlands About 19,000 ethnic Vietnamese reside in the Netherlands according to a 2010 estimate. The community largely consists of South Vietnamese refugees who first arrived in 1978. A much smaller number of North Vietnamese workers also arrived from eastern Europe after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Bulgaria An estimated 2,600 ethnic Vietnamese live in Bulgaria according to a 2015 estimate. Under international agreements in 1980, Bulgaria and other Warsaw Pact members accepted Vietnamese guest workers who were sponsored by the communist government into the country as a relatively inexpensive manual labour workforce. At one point, over 35,000 Vietnamese people worked in Bulgaria between 1980 and 1991 and many Vietnamese students completed their higher education at various Bulgarian universities. South Korea As of 2011, there were over 110,000 ethnic Vietnamese people in South Korea, making them the second largest minority group in the country. Vietnamese in South Korea consist mainly of migrant workers and women introduced to South Korean husbands through marriage agencies. In the 13th century, several thousand Vietnamese fled to Korea after the overthrow of the Vietnamese Lý dynasty, where they were received by King Gojong of Goryeo. Malaysia The Fall of Saigon in 1975 at the end of the Vietnam War saw many Vietnamese refugees escaping by boats to Malaysia. The first refugee boat arrived in Malaysia in May 1975, carrying 47 people. A refugee camp was established later at Pulau Bidong in August 1978 with assistance of the United Nations and became a major refugee processing center for Vietnamese seeking residency in other countries. While a very small number of Vietnamese refugees settled in Malaysia, the majority of Vietnamese in Malaysia consist of skilled and semi-skilled workers who arrived during the 1990s as economic cooperation between Vietnam and Malaysia increased. Taiwan Vietnamese form one of the largest foreign ethnic groups in Taiwan, with a resident population of around 200,000, including students and migrant workers. Vietnamese in Taiwan largely arrived as workers in the manufacturing industry or as domestic helpers. There are also a large number of Vietnamese women married to Taiwanese men through international matchmaking services in Vietnam, despite the illegality of such services in the country. Japan Over 135,000 Vietnamese people resided in Japan at the end of 2014. In 2019, around 371,755 Vietnamese people lived in Japan, making it the third largest foreign community in the country. At least 190,000 are "skilled trainees" and this particular number is growing sharply. Vietnamese people first came to Japan as students beginning in the 20th century. Most of the community, however, is composed of refugees admitted in the late 1970s and early 1980s, as well as a smaller proportion of migrant laborers who began arriving in 1994. Laos As Vietnam and Laos are neighbors, there has been a long history of population migrations between the territories making up the two respective countries. When Laos was a French protectorate in the first half of the 20th century, the French colonial administration brought many Vietnamese people to Laos to work as civil servants. This policy was the object of strenuous opposition by Laotian nationals, who in the 1930s made an unsuccessful attempt to replace the local government with Laotian civil servants. Hong Kong Vietnamese migration to Hong Kong began after the end of the Vietnam War in 1975, when boat people took to the sea and began fleeing Vietnam in all directions. Those who landed in Hong Kong were placed in refugee camps until they could be resettled in a third country. Under the Hong Kong government's Comprehensive Plan of Action, newly arriving Vietnamese were classified as either political refugees or economic migrants. Those deemed to be economic migrants would be denied the opportunity for resettlement overseas. Singapore There are about 15,000 Vietnamese people in Singapore, primarily composed of restaurant/hawker centre service workers and overseas students. Early waves of Vietnamese refugees and immigrants to Singapore in the 1970s mainly include boat people who escaped Vietnam during the aftermath of the Vietnam War, who were initially housed in an ex-military barracks turned refugee camp. 32,457 Vietnamese refugees were hosted in Singapore from 1976 to the early 1990s, with around 5,000 settling throughout the 1970s. Philippines During the Indochina refugee crisis, around 400,000 Vietnamese refugees landed on the shores of Palawan in the western Philippines after the fall of South Vietnam in 1975. They were housed in a temporary refugee camp known as the Philippine First Asylum Center (PFAC) in the city of Puerto Princesa. The center was built in 1979 by the Philippine government in partnership with the United Nations High Commission for Refugees through the initiative of the Philippine Catholic Church. Most of the refugees were moved to the Philippine Refugee Processing Center in Bataan before being resettled to other countries. However, by the time the refugee campes were closed in 1996, around 2,710 Vietnamese refugees remained in the country. Unlike other neighboring countries which implemented forced repatriation, the Philippines was the only country that allowed the refugees to stay indefinitely. The refugees established a community called Viet-Ville (French for 'Viet-Town'), also in Puerto Princesa. At the time, it became the centre of Vietnamese commerce and culture, complete with Vietnamese restaurants, shops, Catholic churches and Buddhist temples. In the decades that followed however, the Vietnamese population dwindled greatly as they finally got approval for resettlement in the United States, Canada, Australia or Western Europe. By 2005, only two of the former refugees remained, both of whom are married to locals. Viet-Ville today remains a popular destination for local tourists and Vietnamese cuisine still remains popular in the city of Puerto Princesa. Israel The number of Vietnamese people in Israel is estimated at 150 to 200. Most of them came between 1976 and 1979 when about 360 Vietnamese refugees were granted political asylum by Prime Minister Menachem Begin. Most later left Israel, mainly for Europe or North America, to reunite with their extended families. Many of the second generation descendants have assimilated into Israeli culture, marrying Israelis, speaking Hebrew and serving in the Israel Defense Forces. A minority choose to keep their culture alive by shunning intermarriage and speaking Vietnamese at home. Today, the majority of the community lives in the Gush Dan area in the center of Israel but also a few dozen Vietnamese-Israelis or Israelis of Vietnamese origin live in Haifa, Jerusalem and Ofakim. Relations with Vietnam Relations between overseas Vietnamese populations and the current Vietnamese government range between polarities of geniality and overt contempt. Many overseas Vietnamese (who fled from South Vietnam following its fall) residing in North America, Western Europe, and Australia are opposed to the existing government of Vietnam. The smaller population of overseas Vietnamese residing in Europe, however, (mainly in Central and Eastern Europe), the Middle East, Africa and Asia, most of whom have been sent for training in formerly communist countries, generally maintain positive or more neutral, if not very friendly relations with the government. Many of these Eastern European Vietnamese are from Northern Vietnam and usually have personal or familial affiliations with the communist government. Those who left before the South Vietnamese exodus starting in 1975, largely residing in France, generally identify their sentiments as somewhere in between the two polarities. A large portion of the Vietnamese diaspora who fled from South Vietnam after its fall and now living in Western Europe, North America, and Oceania have been religious (Christian, Buddhist, Caodaist) and anti-communist, while the Vietnamese living in Eastern Europe and Asia are more aligned to irreligion, and, to a lesser extent, folk religions and Buddhism. The former South Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Cao Kỳ returned to Vietnam in 2004 and was generally positive about his experience. However, Kỳ's reconciliation was met with anger by a large portion of overseas Vietnamese, who called him a traitor and a communist collaborator for reconciling and working with the current communist regime. Notably, the composer Pham Duy had returned to Ho Chi Minh City (referred to as Saigon by overseas Vietnamese as well as by those living in Vietnam) to live the remainder of his life there after living in Midway City, California, since 1975. According to the Vietnamese government, while in 1987 only 8,000 overseas Vietnamese returned to Vietnam for the purpose of visiting, that number jumped to 430,000 in 2004. The government enacted laws to make it easier for overseas Vietnamese to do business in Vietnam, including laws allowing them to own land. The first company in Vietnam to be registered to an overseas Vietnamese was Highlands Coffee, a successful chain of specialty coffee shops, in 1998. In June 2007, Vietnamese President Nguyen Minh Triet visited the United States, and one of his scheduled stops was in the vicinity Orange County, home of Little Saigon, the largest Vietnamese community outside of Vietnam. Details of his plans were not announced beforehand due to concerns about massive protests. Despite these efforts, a large crowd of anti-communist protest still occurred. Several thousand people protested in Washington, D.C. and Orange County during his visit. See also Diasporic Vietnamese narratives Vietnamese Diasporic Music Overseas Vietnamese Buddhist temples List of Vietnamese People Vietnamese Boat People Growing Up American Notes References Further reading External links
《紐約外史》（）是美國作家華盛頓·歐文描寫紐約市歷史的諷刺性著作，以「迪德里希·尼克博克」的筆名在1809年出版。出版歐文出版這本著作前為引起公眾注意，在報紙上刊登尋找荷蘭老歷史學家迪德里希·尼克博克的尋人啟事，稱尼克博克只留下了債務和一本書《紐約外史》。大眾很快對此事感到興趣，歐文便藉機以「迪德里希·尼克博克」為筆名出版《紐約外史》，果然大獲成功。文化影響在《紐約外史》中，歐文將聖尼古拉斯描寫為一個抽煙斗、駕駛飛天馬車、四處送乖小孩禮物的老人，這影響了現代耶誕老人的形象。參考資料華盛頓·歐文作品紐約市歷史紐約市背景作品
The Soko J-20 Kraguj (from ) is a light military, single-engine, low-wing single-seat aircraft with a metal airframe, capable of performing close air support, counterinsurgency (COIN), and reconnaissance missions, that was designed by VTI and manufactured by SOKO of Yugoslavia, first flown in 1962. Design It is of classic semi-monocoque, metal structure with a slightly tapered wing. The pilot is accommodated in an enclosed, heated and ventilated cockpit with adjustable seats. The cockpit canopy slides backwards to open. The landing gear is non-retractable with a tail wheel. Rubber dampers provide shock absorption, and hydraulic brakes are used for wheel braking. The power plant comprises one 340 hp Textron Lycoming GSO-480-B1J6 piston engine and Hartzell HC-B3Z20-1/10151C-5 three-blade metal variable-pitch propeller. The engine cooling airflow is intensified by means of two specially designed ejectors. 36 US Gal of fuel contained in two rubber tanks enables a flight range of 350 NM for the fully armed configuration of the aircraft. 28 V DC electric power is supplied from a 1,5 kW generator and a storage battery. De-fogging and de-icing of the windshield is done by blowing of hot air. Armament Permanent armament comprises two wing-mounted 7.7 mm Colt–Browning Mk II machine guns with 650 rounds each and a collimator sight in the cockpit. For combat missions there is a capacity for an external load of bombs and two 57 mm and two 128 mm (HVAR-5) air-to-ground rocket launchers. Adapters on the underwing pylons can be used to switch the armament configuration from free-fall bombs to multi-tube launchers with twelve 57 mm air-to-ground rockets. Cluster or cargo bombs, or 128 mm air-to-ground rockets can be fitted. Operation The aircraft was specially designed for low-altitude missions against day and night visible ground targets in a broad area. It was readily available to be loaded with weapons and supplied through a flexible system of auxiliary airfields that required no special preparations, especially in mountainous regions. Yugoslav military planners assumed that potential aggressor will first disable airfields. Therefore, J-20 Kraguj was designed to take-off from short unprepared runways, even ones covered in deep snow when fitted with skis. It was also called a "Partisan aircraft". The Kraguj P-2 was intended for close ground force support, and could be used for training of pilots in visual day/night flights, aiming, missile firing and bombing of ground targets. Former operators Croatian Air Force Republika Srpska Air Force SFR Yugoslav Air Force Specifications (J-20) See also References Taylor, John W. R. (editor). Jane's All The World's Aircraft 1969–70. London: Sampson Low, 1969. External links airserbia.com 1000aircraftphotos.com 1960s Yugoslav attack aircraft 1960s Yugoslav military trainer aircraft J-020 Kraguj Single-engined tractor aircraft Low-wing aircraft Aircraft first flown in 1962 Military Technical Institute Belgrade
The Dauphin Island Bridge, formally the Gordon Persons Bridge, carries a , two-lane section of Alabama State Route 193 from mainland Mobile County, Alabama across the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway to Dauphin Island. The natural channel followed by the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway at this location is Pass Aux Herons. The bridge separates the Mississippi Sound on the west from Mobile Bay on the east. It was named in honor of Seth Gordon Persons, the 46th governor of Alabama. History The original bridge opened on July 2, 1955. It was destroyed by Hurricane Frederic in 1979 and was replaced by a fixed precast concrete segmental bridge in 1982. The central main span was the first use of a span on a precast concrete segmental bridge. On January 7, 2008, Vietnamese immigrant Lam Luong tossed his four children, to their deaths off of the bridge. In March 2009, a jury in Mobile County convicted him of capital murder for the act. He was sentenced to death on April 30, 2009. His death sentence was reduced to life without parole on October 15, 2018, as it was ruled he was intellectually impaired and had an IQ too low for execution. References External links Jeff Coolidge Figg Engineering Dauphin Island celebrates 50 history changing years Google map of bridge Nautical chart of bridge area Bridges in Mobile County, Alabama Gulf of Mexico Bridges completed in 1955 Bridges completed in 1982 Road bridges in Alabama 1955 establishments in Alabama Concrete bridges in the United States Dauphin Island, Alabama
"Another Day" is a song by English rock musician Paul McCartney that was released as the A-side of a non-album single in February 1971. It was his debut single as a solo artist following the Beatles break-up in 1970. McCartney credited his wife Linda as a co-writer on the song, triggering legal action from ATV on behalf of the publishing companies Northern Songs and Maclen Music. The lyrics describe the daily routine of a lonely woman, using an observational style similar to McCartney's narrative in the 1966 ballad "Eleanor Rigby". McCartney recorded "Another Day" in New York City during the sessions for his and Linda's 1971 album Ram. The single was an international hit, peaking at number 2 in the United Kingdom, number 5 in the United States, and topping charts in Australia and France. The song was dismissed by many music critics, however, who found it inconsequential and reflective of McCartney's conservative outlook. In addition to appearing on several McCartney compilation albums, it was included as a bonus track on the 1993 and 2012 reissues of Ram. It was also included on The 7" Singles Box in 2022. History Although McCartney did not formally record the song until after the band's break-up, he previewed "Another Day" during the Beatles' Let It Be sessions in January 1969. The song's lyric adopts an observational style reminiscent of "Eleanor Rigby"; Denny Seiwell, the drummer on the Ram sessions, called it "'Eleanor Rigby' in New York City". The lyrics describe the drudgery and sadness of an unnamed woman's life at work and at home. McCartney's wife Linda provided vocal harmonies on "Another Day". Describing his and Linda's harmonies, McCartney said he wanted "'our' sound" as he sought to create a musical identity independent of the Beatles. McCartney decided to list Linda as co-writer of more than half the songs on Ram, and this decision extended to "Another Day". Despite her lack of musical and songwriting experience, he said that his wife had been a genuine writing partner, suggesting ideas for lyrics and melodies. Linda's co-writing credits were later regarded as business manoeuvres in the post-Beatles legal matters. In author Peter Doggett's description, Northern Songs, McCartney's publisher, "believed he was effectively robbing them of half their potential income". In July 1971, Northern Songs and Maclen Music sued Paul and Linda McCartney for violating an exclusive rights agreement via their musical collaborations on "Another Day" and Ram. In June the following year, ATV announced that "all differences between them have been amicably settled", with McCartney's lawyers arguing it had been his prerogative to collaborate with whomever he chose, regardless of his or her musical abilities. Paul and Linda signed a new seven-year, co-publishing contract between ATV and McCartney Music. Dixon Van Winkle, an assistant engineer on the Ram sessions, recalled that he suggested "Another Day" after McCartney asked him to select one of the tracks for a single. With McCartney's blessing, Van Winkle mixed the song and pressed 100 copies for radio stations. He added: "The next day I heard it on the air, I realized ... we got carried away with the bass part ... it pumped like crazy. But we never remixed the song, and Paul never said anything." Recording Seiwell said that "Another Day" was the first song taped during the Ram sessions. Recording took place at Columbia Studios in New York City on 12 October 1970. The basic track consisted of McCartney and Dave Spinozza on acoustic guitars and Seiwell on drums. At the same session, McCartney and Spinozza added electric guitars, and McCartney overdubbed his bass guitar part. Seiwell also added a percussion effect, "tapping out a rhythm on a telephone directory found out in the studio". According to the annotations on the track sheet, "Another Day" was completed on 21 January 1971. Sound effects and lead and harmony vocals were added that day at A & R Studio in New York. The mixing session also took place at A & R on 8 February. Release "Another Day" was released on 19 February 1971 in the United Kingdom, with "Oh Woman, Oh Why" as the B-side. It was McCartney's debut single as a solo artist. The song peaked at number 2 in the UK in March 1971 and number 5 in the United States in April. It was number 1 in Australia, for one week, and in France. Although "Another Day" and "Oh Woman, Oh Why" were not originally included on the album, some CD re-releases of Ram have one or both songs as bonus tracks. "Another Day" has also appeared on several of McCartney's greatest hits albums, including All the Best! and Pure McCartney. It also appeared on the Wings compilations Wings Greatest and Wingspan: Hits and History, even though the song predates the band's formation. The single was re-released as part of Record Store Day 2012. It was included on the Special and Deluxe editions of the 2012 remaster of Ram. The song was included on an EP (along with "Oh Woman, Oh Why", "Junk" and "Valentine's Day") released only in Mexico. McCartney has played the song live several times, first on his 1993 tour and later on his 2013 Out There tour. Critical reception On release, many rock critics derided "Another Day" as irrelevant and as a song that conveyed McCartney's bourgeois sensibilities and focus on conservative values. One reviewer likened it to an advertising jingle for underarm deodorant. Beatles biographer Nicholas Schaffner described the song's reception: "Many of the rock critics, out for McCartney's blood, dismissed 'Another Day' as 'Paulie picking his nose.' More charitable observers trilled along with the chorus: 'It's just another song.'" As with Ram, the single especially disappointed writers who were expecting McCartney to rebound from his 1970 solo debut, McCartney, and produce an artistic statement on the scale of George Harrison's All Things Must Pass and John Lennon's Plastic Ono Band. Music journalist Andrew Grant Jackson comments that, given McCartney had been the Beatle who announced the band's break-up, the song's despondent tone contrasted starkly with singles such as "Instant Karma!" and "My Sweet Lord", in which Lennon and Harrison, respectively, confidently embraced their freedom from the Beatles. He views "Another Day" as "a continuation of McCartney's 1970 depression tunes". Cash Box described the song as being an intriguing song with "vignette verses and a haunting chorus." Record World called it "very pop, the kind of melody [McCartney's] famous for." Writing in 1981, NME critic Bob Woffinden said that while the song is "slight and simple", the critical disparagement it had continued to receive overlooks the "delicate charm", compositional discipline and real-life characterisation that serve as positive qualities which, he rued, were completely lacking on Ram. By contrast, New Zealand Herald critic Graham Reid describes Ram as "excellent" but finds "Another Day" "execrable". Beatles historian Bruce Spizer views it as "a catchy pop tune that has been unfairly ridiculed over the years". In deeming the lyrics "trite", he continues, its detractors fail to appreciate that the song's female protagonist is herself "leading a life of boring and lonely everyday routines". In popular culture "Another Day" is referenced in Lennon's 1971 song attacking McCartney, titled "How Do You Sleep?" Lennon describes McCartney's new music as Muzak and, in the second verse, he sings: "The only thing you done was yesterday / And since you've gone you're just another day". It was featured prominently in a 2009 episode of The Simpsons titled "Bart Gets a 'Z'; in it, Mrs. Crabapple is taunted by the Springfield High School jocks for singing a "million-year-old song." "Another Day" has also been included in several films, such as 50 First Dates (2004) and The Lovely Bones (2009). Personnel Paul McCartney – lead vocals, backing vocals, acoustic guitar, bass guitar, shaker Linda McCartney – backing vocals David Spinozza – electric guitar Denny Seiwell – drums, percussion Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Sales References Sources External links 1971 debut singles Paul McCartney songs Apple Records singles Number-one singles in Australia Irish Singles Chart number-one singles Oricon International Singles Chart number-one singles Songs written by Paul McCartney Songs written by Linda McCartney Song recordings produced by Paul McCartney Music published by MPL Music Publishing 1971 songs
Kesariyaji Tirth or Rishabhdeo Jain temple is a Jain temple located in Rishabhdeo town of Udaipur District of Indian state of Rajasthan. The temple is considered an important pilgrimage center by both Digambara and Śvētāmbara sect of Jainism. History The temple was constructed in 874 CE (VS 931) during the reign of Rawal Khuyan, the ruler of Mewar. The temple received patronage from rich merchants since its situated on an important trade route from the coast to the state of Mewar. An inscription dated back to 1422 CE, indicates repairs and renovations were made to the temple during the 14th to 15th centuries. Since 14th century, there has been a history of conflict over control of this temple between members of Digambara, Śvētāmbara and Hindus community based on relation with rulers of Mewar. Acharya Shantisagar was initiated as a kshullak at Kesariyaji in front of the image of Rishabhanatha in 1922 CE. Discovery of idol The main idol of the temple, popularly known as Kesariyaji, is a black stone idol of Adinatha or Rishabhanatha in lotus position. The iconic idol of Lord Rishabhanatha, the principal deity of the pilgrimage temple, was found during an excavation. A Bhil dairy farmer noticed that one of his cows was always dry of milk. When cow belonging used to pour out its milk every day upon a mound near Chandanpur village. It was surprising for the owner of that cow and the villagers. They excavated the mound. The villagers dedicated themselves to building a small hut over the idol where the idol was found. The place is now known as paglia-ji or chharan chatri. Architecture The temple has an ornate architecture. The temple has a large domical structure as the principal shrine with domical 52 sub-shrine along the axis of principal shrine. In the parikrama path there are idols of Charbhuja (four armed) Vishnu, Parshvanatha, Somnath Shiva. The pillared porch features Nava chowki (nine seats) with idols of Ajitnatha, Sambhavanatha, Sumatinatha and Neminatha. The shafts of the pillars are richly carved. The Shikara of the temple is crowned by amalaka. The temple also features a richly carved torana. About the temple The temple is considered an important pilgrimage center by both Digambara and Śvētāmbara sect of Jainism and Hindus. The mulnayak of the temple is a black stone idol of Rishabhanatha, revered by both Vaishnavas and Jains. Kesariyaji is the name of Rishabhanatha idol inside the temple. The name is derived from the instance of a man of offering kesar () equal to his son's weight when his wish of having a child is fulfilled. According to another legend, a Brahmin once threw a coin at idol saying "if you have any strength you will show it me", the coin flew back hit Brahmin head. The idol is considered miraculous and according Jain belief praying to the idol fulfills the wishes of devotees. The saffron and garland is profusely applied to the idol for worship. The replicas of Kesariyaji Rishabhanatha is popular among Śvētāmbara murtipujaka. According to Jain belief, worshipping these local replication idols allow them to directly worship to the original idol. In front the principal shrine there is an idol of Marudevi, mother of Rishabhanatha, seated on an elephant. The temple also has a dharamshala equipped with all modern facilities, including bhojanalaya (a restaurant). There is a temple known as Pagliyaji, housing footprints of Rishabhanatha inside a chhatri. Conflicts The nature of the temple has been an issue between Digambara, Śvētāmbara and Hindus. The Śvētāmbara murtipujaka Acharya Tirthavijaya endeavoured to free Kesariyaji from the control of Brahmin community and returned to Jain. According to the court judgement, idols are worshipped as per Digambara tradition in the morning and as per Śvētāmbara tradition in the evening. The temple also houses images of Hindu deities. The temple is also visited by members of the Bhil community. They only worship Hindu idols except for the Rishabhanatha idol. However, Rishabhanatha is worshipped as a Kala-ji or Bhomia, a protective deity of land and soil. Fair A fair is organised here on the birth anniversary of Rishabhanatha and draws a huge number of devotees. A rath yatra is organised from the main temple to Pagliyaji temple. See also Nakodaji Shri Mahavirji References Citations Sources Books Web External links Jain temples in Rajasthan 9th-century Jain temples
张泽群（），男，河南郑州人，祖籍河南镇平，中央电视台主持人，现为河南省第十一届青联名誉主席、中国全国青联常委，中央国家机关青联常委。生平其父是南阳人，母亲是洛阳人。张泽群先后就读于郑州优胜路小学、郑州七中、郑州十一中、北京广播学院和天津大学。张泽群1989年自北京广播学院新闻系毕业后，进入中国农业电影电视中心（中央电视台第七套农业频道前身）工作，任节目主持人和导演。1994年转入中央电视台青少部工作，2001年，考入天津大学冯骥才文学艺术研究院，成为冯骥才第一个研究生。2002年担任中央电视台新闻评论部《东方之子》主持人。2003年进入中央电视台文艺部工作，曾多次担任中央电视台春节联欢晚会和全国青年歌手电视大奖赛主持人。获奖 1991年中央电视台青年节目主持人大赛获金奖 1998年“金钥匙奖”金奖 2009年“金话筒奖” 参考文献外部链接张泽群的微博 Ze泽郑州人镇平人河南籍主播天津大学校友北京广播学院校友中国中央电视台主持人金话筒奖得主中央电视台春节联欢晚会人物中华海外联谊会常务理事
宫颈癌会不会全身瘙痒？宫颈癌是癌症疾病的其中的一种，是妇科肿瘤疾病比较常见的一种。宫颈癌这个疾病是让患者比较恐惧的，这个疾病的患者也是比较多的，一般是三十岁到五十五岁之间的女性更容易会出现宫颈癌这个疾病的。宫颈癌这个疾病的病因是比较复杂的，主要的是和病毒感染的因素有关系的。那么宫颈癌会不会全身瘙痒？全身瘙痒的原因有很多，不是所有的宫颈癌患者都全身瘙痒。宫颈癌患者一部分人可能会有外阴的瘙痒的症状的，宫颈癌的主要症状是会有阴道出血的症状，有的病人还可能出现贫血的现象，会有尿频尿急、甚至还有出现便秘情况的。全身瘙痒与癌症关系密切国外医学文献阐述，痒与癌症、肿瘤关系密切。原因目前不明，专家推测可能是肿瘤组织细胞会产生组胺及一些生物活性物质，这些物质随血液循环到达皮肤后，刺激皮肤的感觉神经末梢，引起不同程度的皮肤瘙痒，尤以发病初期表现明显。局限性瘙痒有时会提示邻近部位出现了肿瘤：如外阴部瘙痒常见于子宫颈癌，肛周瘙痒提示肠癌，鼻孔壁瘙痒可能有脑瘤。但瘙痒严重程度及持续时间与肿瘤无关。如果是宫颈癌情况下的四肢瘙痒主要是要止痒，可以在医生的指导下服用一些药物进行治疗，但一般可以通过健康的生活方式进行自我护理，如积极锻炼、养成良好的饮食习惯、保持良好的心态等。综上所述，了解到宫颈癌与全身瘙痒的关系。但对皮肤原因不明的持久性瘙痒，不能一抓了事，应尽早查明，及时诊治。尤其是在没有药物过敏、食物过敏及其他因素刺激时，突然发生持续的、剧烈的皮肤痛痒时，应马上到医院检查，排除是否与宫颈癌有关，以免耽误病情。宫颈癌在饮食这一方面的内容也是要多多的去注意，平时少吃一些比较刺激性的东西。
休斯顿威尔（），是美国肯塔基州的一座城市。面积约为2.6平方公里（1平方英里）。根据2010年美国人口普查，该市的人口为405人。参考资料肯塔基州城市
黄胆肝炎会传染吗？黄疸型肝炎主要由血液中胆红素升高引起的黄疸引起。最常见的肝炎是病毒性肝炎，如甲型肝炎，乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎。长期大量饮酒会导致酒精性肝炎和药物性肝炎。导致肝脏损害，胆红素升高和黄疸症状。这两种类型不具有传染性。由病毒性肝炎引起的黄芪可引起感染症状。因此，我们必须明确黄疸的病因，根据病因可以检查出是否会引起感染，中国最常见的是乙型肝炎病毒的感染。黄疸型肝炎是否感染了？首先，黄疸型肝炎可能会考虑黄疸的症状，因为肝炎分为多种，最常见的是病毒性肝炎，药物性肝炎和酒精性肝炎。如果它是病毒感染肝炎，它是传染性的。最常见的类型是乙型肝炎病毒，以及甲型肝炎和丙型肝炎病毒。如果是病毒性肝炎，黄疸就具有传染性。因此，我们必须首先确定导致黄疸的原因并确定是否存在病毒感染。患有黄疸的肝炎具有传染性。如果它是由病毒性肝炎引起的，它具有传染性，所以我们必须首先确定病因。如果甲型肝炎，乙型肝炎或丙型肝炎病毒感染，包括戊型肝炎，这些病毒感染都具有传染性。是否可以传播黄疸型肝炎取决于病因的具体原因。由于病毒性肝炎，可能会发生感染，如甲型肝炎病毒，乙型肝炎病毒，丙型肝炎病毒，EB病毒，巨细胞病毒等，它们可以传递血液，母婴，性生活，并且消化道途径传播而且此时病毒复制可能非常活跃且具有高度传染性，应注意隔离。如果是由于脂肪性肝炎，自身免疫性肝炎，药物性肝炎，酒精性肝炎，它不会引起感染，而且周围的人不需要太担心。这取决于具体的肝炎类型。如果是病毒性肝炎，它就具有传染性。如果它不适合病毒性肝炎，它将不会传染。
小蓟的药用植物栽培是什么?？生物学特性喜温暖湿润气候，耐寒、耐旱。适应性较强，对土壤要求不严。栽培技术用种子繁殖。6-7月待花苞枯萎时采种，晒干，备用。早春2-3月播种，穴播按行株距20cm×20cm开穴，将种子用草木灰拌匀后播入穴内，覆土，以盖没种子为度，浇水。经常保持土壤湿润至出苗。田间管理苗6-10cm时间苗，补苗，每穴留苗3-4株，并结合耕除草，第2次在5月中耕除草结合施人畜粪肥。
（学名：Chrysaeglia）为裳蛾科的一个属。下属物种本属包括以下物种：参考文献 S S
甲状腺前期手术后多久才能运动游泳呢？目前临床上治疗甲状腺疾病的方法主要就是手术切除，不过做完甲状腺手术之后并不是能够马上就能痊愈的，需要注意很多的问题，只有经过术后休养期才能够恢复健康。因此，甲状腺手术后想要游泳，具体的时间需要病人咨询医生的专业意见。同时要了解手术后的运动注意事项。1、术后2周内不要运动,不要提重物。2、2周后可进行轻度运动,如快走、骑自行车等。3、手术1个月后可恢复正常运动。甲状腺手术后饮食护理尤为重要，要注意：1、甲状腺手术后当天,患者应进食温凉的流质饮食,如肉汤、果汁、米汤。2、术后第2～3天:患者仍给予温凉的半流质饮食如粥、面条等,以免对伤口造成刺激。3、手术3天后，患者可逐步改为软食、普通饮食,以高钙、富含维生素的食物为主,避免辛辣刺激性食物。4、术后转为甲状腺功能减退的患者,要注意低脂饮食;原来甲亢的患者,不必禁碘饮食,可适量吃碘盐和海鲜。游泳时要注意，如果是以下情况的患者，不适宜游泳：1、患沙眼、结膜炎、中耳炎、肠道传染病者,治愈前禁止游泳。2、患某些传染性疾病的人,比如患肝炎、传染性皮肤病、足癣、肺结核和痢疾、肠炎等疾病的患者,在彻底治愈并经复查之后,方可下水游泳。3、有严重高血压的人、冠心病者、醉酒的人以及精神病人不要进入泳池。4、患有肾炎、支气管哮喘、急慢性中耳炎及鼓膜穿孔等病的人,身体抵抗力弱,而游泳活动量比较大,又是在冷水环境中进行,容易使病情加重。5、皮肤有破损的人最好不要游泳,容易感染疾病。
身上起湿疹是什么原因？湿疹是一种常见的过敏性炎性皮肤病。急性湿疹的临床表现为发病急，病程短，局部皮肤初起红斑，潮红，佩热，肿胀，继而红斑上出现散在或密集丘疹或水痘，渗液流津，瘙痒不已。一般是由于过敏性的体质，也有可能是胃肠道疾病或者内分泌失调导致。也可由苦闷、疲劳、抑郁、忧虑、紧张、失眠等神经精神因素及日光、紫外线、寒冷、潮湿等气候、物理因素所引起。尽快查找过敏原，然后避免接触这些过敏物质，或者是查找身体的一些致病因素，然后有针对性的进行治疗。湿疹是由多种内外因素引起的瘙痒剧烈的一种皮肤炎症反应。分急性、亚急性、慢性三期。急性期具渗出倾向，慢性期则浸润、肥厚。有些病人直接表现为慢性湿疹。皮损具有多形性、对称性、瘙痒和易反复发作等特点。湿疹病因复杂，常为内外因相互作用结果。内因如慢性消化系统疾病、精神紧张、失眠、过度疲劳、情绪变化、内分泌失调、感染、新陈代谢障碍等，外因如生活环境、气候变化、食物等均可影响湿疹的发生。外界刺激如日光、寒冷、干燥、炎热、热水烫洗以及各种动物皮毛、植物、化妆品、肥皂、人造纤维等均可诱发。是复杂的内外因子引起的一种迟发型变态反应。湿疹病因复杂，治疗好转后仍易反复发作，难根治。因临床形态和部位各有特点，故用药因人而异。及时去医院检查和治疗，查出过敏原，生活中避免可能致敏物品。根据皮损情况选用适当剂型和药物。另外平时应该注意饮食，避免摄入辛辣鱼腥等刺激性的食物，可以适当的多摄入新鲜的蔬菜及瓜果，尤其应该戒除烟酒，这样有利于皮肤的健康。
Fabiola quinqueferella is a species of Oecophoridae moth in the genus Fabiola. It was described by Walsingham in 1881. It is found in California. References Moths described in 1881 Oecophorinae
In South Africa, an elite police force known as "The Hawks" use the Volkswagen GTI as their primary law enforcement vehicle. Some vehicles used by South African Police are mostly pick up trucks or " bakkies" as it is called in Afrikaans with a detaining canopy installed to transport suspects in to the police station. Different sections/units or departments make use of normal police cars for different tasks. Other vehicles used are what is known as the Nyala. This is an armored vehicle used during raids in gang invested areas or during public protesting used by the POP unit. These armored vehicles are very strong and powerful and can take a lot of damage when being shot at, thrown with stones or even petrol bombs. References Law enforcement in South Africa
膝后疼痛的原因是什么？频繁的小腿伸屈活动如游泳和踢球等，容易使这些肌肉的起点处发生病变而产生膝后侧疼痛。骤然屈膝活动或固定足踝部使小腿骤然扭转活动，也易引起这些肌肉起点处的急性损伤。
维生素B1丸药理作用？维生素B1参与体内辅酶的形成，能维持正常糖代谢及神经、消化系统功能。摄入不足可致维生素B1缺乏，严重缺乏可致“脚气病”以及周围神经炎等。
Karen Feldman is an American designer, entrepreneur, and author. Since founding ARTEL in 1998, she has built a globally recognized brand, opened two retail stores, and authored an award-winning Prague travel guidebook "Prague: ARTĚL Style". Early life Born in 1969, Feldman grew up in the suburbs of New York City, graduated from Bard College in 1991, and moved to Prague in 1994. ARTĚL crystal Feldman is the founder and owner of ARTĚL, a luxury crystal glassware company based in Prague, Czech Republic. Featuring Feldman's original design motifs, ARTĚL crystal is mouth-blown and hand-engraved by Czech artisans using centuries-old production methods. The company is named for an early 20th-century collective of Czech artisans whose dedication to preserving the traditional methods of handcraftsmanship led them to reject industrial production techniques. Feldman's unique blending of classic tradition and modern design sensibility is ARTĚL's stylistic signature. ARTĚL crystal is sold in exclusive stores and boutiques in 27 countries around the world, including Bergdorf Goodman in New York, Paul Smith in London and Christian Dior in Paris. ARTĚL glass has twice been featured in the Cooper-Hewitt Museum (in 2004 and 2006). Design stores Later in 2007, Feldman opened the flagship ARTĚL Design Store at Celetná 29 (entrance on Rybná) in Prague's Old Town, offering not only luxury crystal glassware but also a carefully curated selection of vintage and modern Czech design items. This store was featured in a 2009 New York Times article, "36 Hours in Prague." Feldman opened a second ARTĚL Design Store, located at U Lužického semináře 7 in Prague's Mala Strana neighborhood, in 2010. This store earned ARTĚL the 2011 Gift & Decorative Magazine Retailers Excellence Award for Best Store Design. Other designs In addition to the dozens of motifs she has created for ARTĚL – ranging from bold geometric patterns to highly detailed depictions of flora, fauna, and sea life – Feldman has also designed custom glassware for several top luxury brands, including Rolls-Royce, Gucci, Burberry, and Asprey. Collaborations Feldman has collaborated with several well-known artists and designers, including Sol LeWitt, David Wiseman, Eva Eisler, Zdeněk Lhotský, Petr Nikl, František Skála, Studio Olgoj Chorchoj / Michal Froněk and Maxim Velčovský. Awards and recognition On behalf of ARTĚL, Feldman has received several prestigious awards and honors, including Showroom of the Year and Manufacturer of the Year at the 2009 Czech Grand Design Awards, and First Place at Designblok 2008. Along with William B. Russell Jr. and Robert McQuilkin, Feldman was featured in a 2006 New York Times article on their collaborative approach to renovating and decorating a shared country house in Southern Bohemia. Book published In 2007, Feldman wrote and published "Prague, ARTĚL Style", a travel guidebook that Forbes Life described as being "the most clued-in guidebook on the city." The book was named "Best Travel Guide" at the 2008 Independent Publishers Awards. Bibliography Prague: ARTĚL Style by Karen Feldman (Editor Rob McQuilkin, Illustrated by Beverly Joel, Published by Artěl Books, 2007 , 204 pages) References External links ARTĚL website Year of birth missing (living people) Living people American expatriates in the Czech Republic Businesspeople from Prague Writers from Prague
张蕾（），江苏南京人，中国女子击剑运动员。她参加了2000年和2008年夏季奥运会击剑比赛，还曾获得2002年亚洲运动会女子花剑个人金牌。参考文献外部链接 Lei 南京籍运动员中国女子击剑运动员中国奥运击剑运动员 2008年夏季奧林匹克運動會擊劍運動員 2000年夏季奥林匹克运动会击剑运动员 2002年亚洲运动会击剑运动员 2002年亞洲運動會金牌得主 2002年亞洲運動會銀牌得主亚洲运动会击剑奖牌得主中国亚洲运动会金牌得主中国亚洲运动会银牌得主
斯威士兰國旗是一面富有非洲传统文化设计的国旗，它由上下各两条蓝色和黄色的条纹、以及中间一条紅色的横条组成，旗帜中央有黑色与白色相间的盾形图腾，辅以三支长矛图案。紅色象征斯威士兰历史上的无数次战斗，黄色代表该国丰富的矿产资源，蓝色象征斯威士兰民众对和平的热爱，矛与盾代表斯威士兰人民誓死保卫国家的决心。现行斯威士兰国旗原型启用于1968年10月6日，并在2011年9月6日，即斯威士兰恢复独立43周年之际作最新修改，将点缀长矛与盾牌图案的树叶状饰物由蓝色改为黑色。国旗格式斯威士兰国旗自上而下的五道条纹（蓝-黄-紅-黄-蓝）的高度比为18：7：50：7：18。国旗演变史史瓦濟蘭 1968年面世的旗帜 2011年面世的旗帜
Zovashen (also, Dzhannatlu) is a town in the Ararat Province of Armenia. See also Ararat Province References Populated places in Ararat Province
瓦尔德米伦（德语：）是德国莱茵兰-普法尔茨州的一个市镇。总面积3.10平方公里，总人口350人，其中男性170人，女性180人（2011年12月31日），人口密度113人/平方公里。参见莱茵兰-普法尔茨州市镇列表参考莱茵兰-普法尔茨州市镇
前列腺增生者有尿痛怎么办？随着人们生活水平的提高，越来越多的人都会患上各种各样的疾病，前列腺增生就是其中一种。前列腺增生症，旧称前列腺肥大，是中老年男性的常见病之一，是前列腺的一种良性病变，其增生的病因，跟男性激素变化以及睾丸变化也有着密切的关系。有很多前列腺增生的患者会出现尿痛的情况，在出现这种状况时患者往往是非常痛苦的，所以，为了缓解痛苦，应该采取一些措施来进行治疗：1、保守治疗，对于体弱有心、肝、肾衰竭之病人，或有急性脑血管意外尚未恢复，不适合手术者，宜采保守疗法这种前列腺增生的治疗方式，放置留置导尿管或行人工膀胱造术，以减轻尿潴留及因阻塞引起的不适。2、针灸疗法，关元、气海、命门、肾俞、膀胱俞、三阴交穴等，每次取穴2-3个，交替使用治疗前列腺增生。3、食疗方法，对前列腺增生有一定治疗作用的食物有冬瓜、海带、苦瓜、车前草、马齿苋、黄瓜等。或根据不同的饮食习惯选择相应的烹调方法和菜式治疗前列腺增生。4、手术治疗，经尿道前列腺切除术为最常使用的前列腺增生的治疗方式，系透过膀胱内视镜，经由尿道插入手术切除镜，将前列腺的增生组织切除。前列腺增生对于患者的健康有很大的影响，所以应该及时的进行预防：1、注意防寒保暖。春夏季节要避免着凉，秋冬季节要注意保暖，要注意预防感冒和其他呼吸道疾病。2、忌酒。适当的饮适量的酒是没有什么大问题的，但是饮酒过度就会造成前列腺充血继而导致水肿引发前列腺增生，3、不吃辛辣和油炸的食物。辛辣的食物和油炸的食物会刺激前列腺，导致相应器官充血压迫前列腺，给前列腺带来沉重的负担从而导致前列腺增生。
老年痴呆症的原因是什么？老年痴呆症是一种神经系统逐步进展的慢性退行性疾病。疾病早期通常表现为记忆力下降，通常在老年人群中，尤其是65岁以上的老年人中多发。所以既往将此疾病称作老年痴呆症。但是近些年来，学术界和医学界已经把这个疾病的名称更名为阿尔茨海默病。老年痴呆症的发病原因目前仍不是十分清楚。业内认可的病因主要包括遗传因素，主要是染色体上的某些位点上的基因异常表达。病理学角度上可以发现大脑皮质、海马等出现了异常结构，这些老年斑等异常结构影响了认知功能。病人早期通常表现为初期记忆力的下降，尤其是近事遗，其病因研究尚未透彻。因为阿尔茨海默病是一个慢性逐步进展的疾病，早期病人通常只是轻度的记忆力下降，日常生活基本可以自理。但是到疾病中期，病人日常生活的自理能力可能会出现问题，有时候病人外出之后会找不到家，甚至出现脾气暴躁，或者精神行为异常、语言功能异常。到了中晚期，病人通常生活不能自理，甚至大小便失禁，需要家人的持续照顾。此疾病目前还不能够治愈，但是早期治疗可以延缓疾病的进展。?老年痴呆的预防，主要是生活方式加以干预。平时要养成良好的作息习惯，按时睡眠、起床，不熬夜，保证充足的睡眠时间，要戒烟、忌酒，同时要低盐、低脂、低糖饮食，适当锻炼，适当参加一些户外运动，可以适当参加一些娱乐活动，多与人沟通交流，要多动手、多动脑。同时要均衡营养，要适当吃一些鱼类、瘦肉类、禽蛋类，适当吃一些坚果类的食物，以补充人体所必需的蛋白质和矿物质。平时要多吃一些蔬菜、水果，可能会补充人体所必需的维生素等。同时要预防高脂血症、高血压和糖尿病。
The School of Social Work and Psychology is a department of the University of East Anglia, Norwich, England. History The origins of the School can be traced back to 1975 when Professor Martin Davies was brought from Manchester to design and launch a new Graduate Program in Social Work. As a result, UEA welcomed its first 12 social work students in 1976. The School grew steadily, originally operating as a sector of the School of Economic and Social Studies. A new research degree was launched in 1983, and the School's first doctoral student graduated in 1984. In the late 1980s there began a series of collaborations with local authority and probation departments in East Anglia which lay the foundations for a burgeoning program of post-qualifying courses in social work. In 1993 the School performed a key role in the development of health studies at UEA in the formation of the School of Health and Social Work. To support the development the Elizabeth Fry Building was built, which has been occupied by all social work and psychosocial sciences staff and students since January 1995. The School of Social Work became an entity in its own right in 1997 and was renamed the School of Social Work and Psychosocial Sciences in 2000, changing to the School of Social Work and Psychology in 2008 in recognition of the British Psychological Society approval of the BSc Psychology (formerly psychosocial sciences) degree program. The School is also home to the Centre for Research on Children and Families. Launched in 1996, the Centre provides a focus for internationally recognized research in this field. In 2006 the Centre hosted the Second International Conference on Adoption Research and the First International Conference on Children and Divorce, attracting delegates from all around the world. In 1989, 1992, 1996 and most recently in December 2001, the School's research was recognized by the Higher Education Funding Council when social work at UEA was top-rated 5 on each occasion in the Research Assessment Exercise (RAE). External funding for research has been awarded by a range of organizations including the UK and Welsh Government, Economic and Social Research Council, NSPCC, Nuffield Foundation, and the Big Lottery. The quality of the teaching received by social work students was also given the highest possible ranking by the Funding Council. This was consolidated in the first ever National Student Survey in 2005 where students on the School's undergraduate program ranked gave the course the best ranking for courses of its kind in the whole UK, a result which was repeated in the 2006 and 2007 National Student Survey. The undergraduate Psychology program (formerly Psychosocial Sciences) was launched in 1997, with the first cohort of students graduating in July 2000. The program provided a new undergraduate degree focusing on the scientific study of human relations in a social context. The program was able to draw on the teaching and research skills of existing members of faculty and to attract new appointments to strengthen the School's expertise in psychology. The BSc Psychology at UEA achieved accreditation from the British Psychological Society in 2008. In 2012, the School was split to form two separate Schools: the School of Psychology and the School of Social Work. Notable alumni June Thoburn, Emeritus Professor External links School of Social Work, UEA Centre for Research on Children and Families National Student Survey University of East Anglia
肝癌晚期的肝腹水怎么治？在生活中，每个人都或多或少会患有疾病。患病不可怕，可怕的是自己不知道，让病情越来越严重，直至演变成晚期。有些人生活不注意导致患了肝癌，这种疾病到了晚期会出现肝腹水的现象，这样给患者的生活带来了极大的影响。那么，这时候我们该怎么来治疗肝腹水呢？一般出现腹水，西医的治疗方法，主要就是抽腹水中医通过内部调理来消除控制腹水的再生。因为在医学上，肝腹水是肝硬化疾病的并发症之一，假如不及时治疗的话容易导致体内的腹水增多，严重时将出现肝肾综合征，自然就会威胁到病人的生命健康。第一种情况只是初次出现腹水或者少量的腹水者，那么一定要卧床休息的饮食，低盐饮食，而且还要适当限制水的摄入量，限制水、盐摄入可以减轻腹水浮肿。这个主要是为了减轻心脏、肾脏的负担又可以降低腹腔脏器的压力从而可以利于恢复正常的血液体液循环。需要注意卧床休息、并且坚持高蛋白饮食，还需要要口服和静脉注射高营养物质。同时有条件的话可以根据情况适当输些能量合剂。如TP、辅酶a、维生素c多种氨基酸。假如是腹水就是过多的情况了，那么就可适当的放些腹水并配合利尿药。这里需要注意的是利尿药的使用，必须在医生指导下进行。而且还应该注意的是在用药过程中，而且应该注意观察电解质的情况，经常抽血化验血钾、血钠、血痢及血钙的项目。预防血尿要过多引起水和电解质紊乱，导致不良的后果，最后提醒大家的是为了防止并发症发生，我们以往多采用小量放液，但是根据近年研究表明可以发现大量放腹水加静脉输注适量的白蛋白治疗顽固性腹水疗效显著。
Allied bombing of the oil campaign targets of World War II included attacks on Nazi Germany oil refineries, synthetic oil plants, storage depots, and other chemical works. Natural oil was available in Northwestern Germany at Nienhagen (55%—300,000 tons per year), Rietberg (20%—300,000), and Heide (300,000) and refineries were mainly at Hamburg and Hannover. Refineries in France, Holland, and Italy (54)—mainly coastal plants for ocean-shipped crude—were within Allied bombing range and generally unused by Germany (Italian refining ceased in August 1943). Even before the war, Germany was dependent on foreign sources for an adequate supply of oil. The annexations of Austria and the Sudetenland (and the breakup of Czechoslovakia); the "campaigns in Norway, Holland, Belgium, and France…and imports from the Soviet Union provided significant wartime POL imports to Nazi Germany. Firms that operated oil facilities included Deutsche Erdöl-Aktiengesellschaft, Brabag (e.g., Böhlen, Magdeburg/Rothensee, Zeitz), Fanto (Pardubice, Budapest), and I.G. Farbenindustrie (Blechhammer, Ludwigshafen/Oppau, Oświęcim). References : Part 10 of the Plan for Completion of the Combined Bomber Offensive identifies plants at both . Oil refinery targets
Shawn Hochuli ( ; born June 25, 1978) is a National Football League (NFL) official. He wears jersey #83. He entered the league in the 2014 NFL season and was promoted for 2018 from back judge to referee, following the retirement of his father, longtime referee Ed Hochuli, and another veteran official, Jeff Triplette. Outside of officiating, Hochuli is a wealth management advisor. Hochuli played college football at Pitzer College. He worked his first NFL season in 2014 as a side judge. He has also worked as an official in the Pac-12 Conference, Arena Football League, and arenafootball2 games. On August 13, 2011, he was head referee for ArenaBowl XXIV between the Jacksonville Sharks and Arizona Rattlers. He also worked as head referee for a 2017 pre-season game. During the 2022 NFC Divisional playoff game between the Tampa Bay Buccaneers and the Los Angeles Rams, he gave Tom Brady the first unsportsmanlike conduct penalty of Brady's career. References 1978 births Living people National Football League officials Pitzer College alumni
A racing suit or racing overalls, often referred to as a fire suit due to its fire retardant properties, is clothing such as overalls worn in various forms of auto racing by racing drivers, crew members who work on the vehicles during races, track safety workers or marshals, and in some series commentators at the event. In the early days of racing, most racing series had no mandated uniforms. Beginning in the 1950s and 1960s, specialized racing suits were designed to optimize driver temperature via heat transfer, and later to protect drivers from fire. By 1967, the majority of competitors in Formula One, NASCAR, the National Hot Rod Association (NHRA), United States Auto Club (USAC), and Champ Car (the predecessor to modern IndyCar) began wearing specialized fire suits. Most modern suits use Nomex, a material developed in the 1960s around the time fire suits emerged. The suits are also known for prominently displaying driver sponsors. Design and use A racing suit is designed to cover the entire body of a driver, crew member, or marshall, including long sleeves and long pants legs. Typical driver suits are one-piece overalls, similar in appearance to a boilersuit. Other fire suits are two piece, consisting of a "jacket" and pants. The suits consist of a single or multiple layers of fire-retardant material. The suits also have special epaulettes or yokes on the shoulder area that act as "handles" in order to lift a driver strapped to a racing seat out of a vehicle. This is mandated under Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) safety standards. Most suits use fabric made of Nomex, a synthetic material produced by DuPont that retains its fire-retardant properties with time and use. Other suits consist of cotton treated with Proban, a chemical manufactured by Rhodia, or other substances. These suits can lose their fire-resistant properties over time, particularly after washing. Other suits are made of Kevlar, polybenzimidazole fiber (PBI), or carbon fibers, but are less widely used due to lack of comfort and color variety. Newer suits, such as those produced by Sparco, have inner liners treated with menthol to create a cooling sensation and fight odor. Additional accessories, including fire-resistant long underwear, gloves, shoes, and balaclava-like face masks or "head socks" are also worn. When Nomex material is exposed to flame, instead of burning or melting it develops a carbon char. The char thickens the section of fiber exposed to the flame, preventing the spread of the fire to the rest of the suit and inhibiting the transfer of heat to the wearer of the garment. CarbonX is a different fabric for fire suits made of oxidized polyacrylonitrile (a precursor to carbon fiber). It is created by heating material until it oxidizes and chars, with the finished product able to last for two minutes exposed to fire. It is frequently used for racing undergarments and gloves. Using multiple layers of the material, and quilting of the fabric, meanwhile, create pockets of air which further insulate the wearer from heat. The suits are not entirely fireproof, but rather fire retardant for a period of time, allowing an individual to escape an incident or be rescued with minimal injury. Bill Simpson, an innovator in racing safety, estimated in 1993 that a person has "20 to 30 seconds" before a fire suit begins to burn. The mandated minimum level of protection for uniforms in different racing series varies, as does the minimum standard for drivers, crew members, and officials. In the NHRA drag racing series, for example, suits are designed to last 30 to 40 seconds before the wearer suffers second degree burns. This is a higher benchmark than that of most other series, due to the high risk of fire from nitromethane and alcohol-fueled cars. SFI Foundation, Inc., formerly part of SEMA, dictates the suit fire protection standards for numerous sanctioning bodies particularly in the United States, including NASCAR, IndyCar, the NHRA, the Sports Car Club of America (SCCA), and the United States Auto Club (USAC). The FIA determines the standards for most of its series such as Formula One and the FIA World Endurance Championship, excluding the standards of its drag racing competition which are determined by SFI. SFI and FIA standards are used by other organizations outside their jurisdiction, such as the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS). Both SFI and the FIA use the Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) test to measure the effectiveness of fire-retardant clothing. This test, created by DuPont in the 1970s, measures the amount of time in seconds before the wearer of a garment suffers second degree burns. For example, a garment that lasts three seconds before second degree burns occur receives a TPP value of 6. Under SFI standards, this would receive a rating of 3.2A/1, the lowest possible SFI rating. Non-fire retardant suits Suits in several other classes of racing are similar in appearance to fire suits, but are not designed to be fire resistant. Suits used for kart racing are not typically fire retardant, but rather are made to be abrasion resistant using leather, nylon or cordura. Suits used for motorcycle racing, called motorcycle leathers, are also designed to be abrasion resistant. They consist of leather or a similarly-strong material, with nylon and spandex fabrics prohibited. Fire-resistant undergarments are optional to provide fire protection. The Commission Internationale de Karting (CIK) and FIA regulate specifications for karting suits. The Fédération Internationale de Motocyclisme (FIM) regulates suits for numerous racing series such as MotoGP and the AMA Supercross Championship. Branding Since the 1980s, racing suits have been customized to prominently feature the sponsors of drivers and teams, leading to designs similar to those of the race cars. For fire suits, the material used to make the sponsor patches must also be fire proof, adding additional weight to the suit. Many modern suits, however, use printed logos in order to reduce weight. History Prior to the advent of fire-retardant racing suits, there were no mandated driving uniforms in most racing series. In NASCAR competition, for example, many drivers and crew members would wear jeans and other typical street clothes. American firm Hinchman had manufactured specialized racing suits since the mid-1920s, worn by drivers Babe Stapp and Pete DePaolo. In the 1950s, NASCAR Grand National (NASCAR Cup Series) driver Tim Flock began wearing a specialized racing suit, which became popular in the 1960s. At this time, the suits were designed with an inner liner meant to keep drivers cool. Soon afterwards, in several series racing suits or any driver clothing used in competition were soaked in chemical solutions to make them fire-retardant long enough for a driver to escape an incident. In NASCAR, a baking soda solution was typically used, while the SCCA mandated racing suits treated in boric acid or borax. Boraxo, a brand of powdered soap largely composed of borax, was often used as treatment. The catalyst for developing racing suits that could effectively resist fire came in the late 1950s and 1960s, when several fiery crashes occurred in the motorsport world. In 1959, Jerry Unser died from burns suffered in a crash practicing for the Indianapolis 500. In 1963, NHRA Top Fuel driver and Division 7 Tech Director Chuck Branham died after suffering burns in a crash. During NASCAR's 1964 World 600 (today's Coca-Cola 600), Fireball Roberts was involved in a crash on lap seven while avoiding two other cars, passing away five weeks later. Roberts had asthmatic reactions to the clothing treatment used by NASCAR, and had received a waver against using it. One week later during the 1964 Indianapolis 500, drivers Dave MacDonald and Eddie Sachs were killed in a seven-car crash on the second lap of the race. Following the incidents, Jim Deist and Bill Simpson, who developed some of the first drag parachutes, released the first racing suits designed to be fire-retardant. Both suits were "aluminized" in order to be flame resistant. Simpson's suit consisted of a modified cotton boilersuit. In 1959 after the death of Unser, all Indy 500 competitors were required to wear fire-retardant clothing. In 1963, the FIA assumed responsibility for driver safety in its series, and mandated fire-retardant suits for Formula One drivers. In 1964, the NHRA mandated fire suits for its competitors. By the fall of that year after Roberts' crash, nearly all NASCAR competitors began wearing fire suits, although no official rule was in place. In 1966, Simpson met NASA astronaut Pete Conrad, who introduced Simpson to the Nomex material used in spacesuits for the Apollo program. Around the same time, DuPont also approached the Hinchman company about producing Nomex racing suits. In that year's Indianapolis 500, driver Mel Kenyon wore a Nomex fire suit produced by Hinchman. Later that year, several drivers began testing experimental Nomex suits for Simpson, including F1 drivers Walt Hansgen and Masten Gregory, NASCAR driver Marvin Panch, and SCCA Trans-Am Series driver Bob Tullius. Simpson's company Simpson Performance Products released the first commercial Nomex racing suit, called the "Heat Shield Firesuit", in 1967. The suits were worn by 30 of 33 competitors in the 1967 Indianapolis 500. By 1970, the NHRA along with SEMA began developing specifications for fire suits, using the Thermal Protective Performance (TPP) standard developed by DuPont. These specifications are now used by SFI. During the 1970s, racewear manufacturer Stand 21 partnered with brake manufacturer Ferodo and a french producer of firemen's suits to create single-layer asbestos racing uniforms. These suits never became popular, as the dangers of asbestos exposure became more well-known. Actor Steve McQueen was believed to have worn asbestos suits when performing stunts for films, which may have contributed to his contraction of mesothelioma. In 1975, the FIA introduced its current standard for fire-retardant suits. At this time, DuPont created a new Nomex blend using Kevlar to prevent tearing and increase the longevity of suits. In 1979, several F1 drivers including Niki Lauda, Mario Andretti, and Carlos Reutemann began competing in bulky five-layer suits constructed to NASA specifications. In the mid-1980s, companies began designing fire suits to prominently display team sponsors. In 1986, the FIA introduced new specifications for fire suits, known as "FIA 1986" certification. At the 1989 Motorcraft Quality Parts 500 NASCAR event, ESPN/ABC broadcaster Dr. Jerry Punch was reporting from the pit stall of Richard Petty when a fire broke out, injuring two crew members who Punch proceeded to treat on the spot. Following the incident, in which several items of Punch's clothing were singed or melted, ESPN mandated that its pit reporters wear fire-retardant suits. Other networks have since adopted the practice. In 1994, the FIA mandated fire suits for F1 pit crew members, coinciding with refueling being allowed (until 2009) during pit stops. By this time, crews in IndyCar were also required to wear fire suits. In 2002, NASCAR officially mandated fire suits for both drivers and crew members servicing the car during pit stops. This was in response to non-fire-related incidents in the previous season, including the death of Dale Earnhardt at the beginning of 2001, and a pit road accident at the Pennzoil Freedom 400 near the end of the season. NASCAR was one of the last major sanctioning bodies to mandate fire suits for crew members. In other media The members of the Red Star crew in the 2000 film Charlie's Angels wore black Momo Corse Torino firesuits. The racing suits in Charlie's Angels were designed by Joseph G. Aulisi. List of racing suit manufacturers Adidas Alpinestars Impact! Racing Dainese Oakley, Inc. OMP Racing Puma SE Sabelt Simpson Performance Products Sparco See also Safety in NASCAR Racing helmet References External links Suits (clothing) Auto racing equipment Safety clothing Fire protective clothing Safety in auto racing
Frank Wright (July 9, 1935 – May 17, 1990) was an American free jazz musician, known for his frantic style of playing the tenor saxophone. Critics often compare his music to that of Albert Ayler, although Wright "offers his honks and squawks with a phraseology derived from the slower, earthier funk of R&B and gospel music." According to AllMusic biographer Chris Kelsey, Wright "never recorded even a single record under his own name for a major label; he was 'underground' his entire career." In addition to tenor saxophone, Wright also played the soprano saxophone and bass clarinet. Biography Wright was born in Grenada, Mississippi, United States, and grew up in Memphis, Tennessee and Cleveland, Ohio, where he began his musical career playing bass guitar, backing artists such as Rosco Gordon, Bobby "Blue" Bland, and B.B. King. He switched to tenor saxophone after meeting Albert Ayler in Cleveland, Ayler's hometown. In 1964, Wright moved to New York City, where he played with Larry Young, Noah Howard, and Sunny Murray. He also sat in with John Coltrane and, in early 1965, was invited to participate in the recording of Ascension, but reportedly felt that his skills were not up to the demands of the music. (Later, however, Wright stated "what I do is countersigned by master John Coltrane who accepted me at this side by calling me 'little brother'.") In late 1965, Wright recorded Frank Wright Trio, his first album as a leader, for ESP-Disk with Henry Grimes on bass and Tom Price on drums. (According to Bernard Stollman, founder of ESP-Disk, the record came about when he approached Wright after hearing him sit in with Coltrane. When Wright stated that he was not associated with a record label, Stollman declared "Well, you are now.") In 1966, while in Cleveland, he recorded with Albert Ayler's group, which at the time included Donald Ayler, Michael Samson, Muntawef Shaheed, and Ronald Shannon Jackson. The tracks remained unreleased until 2004, when they appeared on Holy Ghost: Rare & Unissued Recordings (1962–70). Wright's second album, Your Prayer, was recorded in 1967 and was also released by ESP-Disk. In 1968, Wright briefly joined Cecil Taylor's group, which also included Eddie Gale, Jimmy Lyons, Alan Silva, and Andrew Cyrille, for a tour of the west coast of the United States, where the group had a residency at Stanford University, performed at the Berkeley Jazz Festival, and opened for The Yardbirds at the Fillmore West. In 1969, Wright moved to Europe and settled in Paris, where he formed and recorded with The Frank Wright Quartet, featuring Noah Howard, Bobby Few, and Muhammad Ali. In the early 1970s, Howard left and was replaced by Alan Silva, at which time the group changed its name to The Center of the World Quartet at Silva's suggestion. The group also established a label called Center of the World Records as well as a distribution company called Sun Records. In 1971, Wright briefly moved back to the United States, but then returned to France, where he continued to record and tour with a variety of musicians. In 1984, he joined Cecil Taylor's Orchestra of Two Continents, touring Europe and recording Winged Serpent (Sliding Quadrants). He also recorded Olu Iwa with Taylor in 1986. During this time he also performed and recorded with German visual artist and drummer A. R. Penck. In 1988, he joined the Art Ensemble of Chicago for a concert at the Petrillo Bandshell in Chicago. Wright died in Germany in 1990. Wright was an ordained minister, and was known as "Reverend" Frank Wright, "a title of veneration universally bestowed upon the saxophonist by his peers in recognition of his spiritual approach to music, as well as his fervent style of improvisation." Style and influence Chris Kelsey wrote that "Ayler's scalding abstract expressionism was the prime influence on Wright, who transformed it with his own personality and passed it on." Kelsey also noted that "Echoes of Wright's playing can be heard in the work of such younger saxophonists as Glenn Spearman, Sabir Mateen, Charles Gayle, and Thomas Borgmann." Writing in The New York Times, reviewer Robert Palmer wrote that Wright's music "was sometimes referred to as 'energy music' during the 1960s, and although the term is vague... it is appropriate in Mr. Wright's case. The saxophonist sometimes seems to get so caught up in the physicality of his playing that he breaks into little dance steps in the middle of a solo." Palmer continued: "Mr. Wright has remained faithful to the rowdy, celebratory essence of what might be called the Cleveland style... the combination of maturity and power in his playing comes as something of a shock." Peter Brötzmann recalled that Wright "was a wild man, in a good sense: made music and lived life in his own way. He was one of the first black Americans we got to know really well, and we all learned a lot from that." Discography As leader Frank Wright Trio (ESP-Disk, 1966) with Henry Grimes (bass) and Tom Price (drums) Your Prayer (ESP-Disk, 1967) with Arthur Jones (alto sax), Jacques Coursil (trumpet), Steve Tintweiss (bass), and Muhammad Ali (drums) Uhuru na Umoja (America, 1970) with Noah Howard (alto sax), Bobby Few (piano), and Arthur Taylor (drums) One for John (BYG, 1970) with Noah Howard (alto sax), Bobby Few (piano), and Muhammad Ali (drums) Church Number Nine (Odeon, 1971) with Noah Howard (alto sax), Bobby Few (piano), and Muhammad Ali (drums) Center of the World (Center of the World, 1972) with Bobby Few (piano), Alan Silva (bass), and Muhammad Ali (drums) Last Polka in Nancy? (Center of the World, 1973) with Bobby Few (piano), Alan Silva (bass), and Muhammad Ali (drums) Adieu Little Man (Center of the World, 1974) with Muhammad Ali (percussion) Solos Duets (Center of the World, 1975) with Bobby Few (piano, voice) and Alan Silva (bass, violin, piano, voice) Shouting the Blues (Sun, 1977) with Georges Arvanitas (piano), Jacky Samson (bass), and Charles Saudrais (drums) Kevin, My Dear Son (Sun, 1979) with Kamal Abdul Alim (trumpet), Eddie Jefferson (voice), Georges Arvanitas (piano), Reggie Workman (bass), Philly Joe Jones (drums), and Khalil Abdullah (percussion) Stove Man, Love Is the Word (Sandra Music, 1979) with Ka Kamal Abdul Alm (trumpet), Tony Smith (piano), Richard Williams (bass), Gerry Griffin (drums), and Khalil Abdullah (percussion) Eddie's Back in Town (Krona, 1982) with Tony Smith (piano), Richard Williams (bass), and Gregory Bufford (drums) The Complete ESP-Disk Recordings (ESP-Disk, 2005) Unity (ESP-Disk, 2006) with Bobby Few (piano), Alan Silva (bass), and Muhammad Ali (drums) Blues for Albert Ayler (ESP-Disk, 2012) with James Blood Ulmer (guitar), Benny Wilson (bass), and Rashied Ali (drums) As sideman Albert Ayler, Holy Ghost: Rare & Unissued Recordings (1962–70) (Revenant, 2004) Albert Ayler, La Cave Live, Cleveland 1966 Revisited (ezz-thetics, 2022) Peter Brotzmann, Alarm (FMP, 1983) Hans Dulfer, El Saxofon (Catfish, 1971) Noah Howard, Space Dimension (America, 1971) Hannibal Lokumbe, The Light (Baystate, 1978) Raphe Malik, Last Set: Live at the 1369 Jazz Club (Boxholder, 2004) Louis Moholo, Spiritual Knowledge and Grace (Ogun, 2011) A.R. Penck, Through the Black Hole & Berlin Berlin (Music Corp., 1984) Saheb Sarbib, Aisha (Cadence, 1981) Cecil Taylor, Winged Serpent (Sliding Quadrants) (Soul Note, 1985) Cecil Taylor, Olu Iwa (Soul Note, 1994) References External links Center of the world discography American jazz saxophonists American male saxophonists Avant-garde jazz musicians People from Grenada, Mississippi 1935 births 1990 deaths BYG Actuel artists ESP-Disk artists 20th-century American saxophonists Jazz musicians from Mississippi 20th-century American male musicians American male jazz musicians
青龍（）是十六國時期後燕君主蘭汗的年號，共計三個月，也是後燕的第六個年號。改元永康三年——四月二十六日，蘭汗殺死後燕惠愍帝奪位，改元青龍元年。七月二十日，慕容盛殺死蘭汗；二十一日，慕容盛以長樂王的身份監國，改元建平元年。紀年對照表同期存在的其他政权年号中國隆安（397年－401年）：東晉—晋安帝司马德宗之年号太初（388年－400年）：西秦—乞伏乾歸之年号皇初（394年－399年）：后秦—姚興之年号龙飞（396年－399年）：后凉—吕光之年号太初（397年－399年）：南凉—秃发乌孤之年号神玺（397年－399年）：北凉—段业之年号皇始（396年－398年）：北魏—魏道武帝拓跋珪之年号參見中國年號索引其他使用青龍年號的政權參考文獻深入閱讀後燕年號 4世纪年号 390年代中国政治
Claire Wallace may refer to: Claire Wallace (sociologist) Claire Wallace (broadcaster)
The Nike Smoke was a sounding rocket, part of a research project on the behavior of the horizontal winds in the upper atmosphere, developed by NASA in the 1960s based on the Nike booster. The goal was to obtain more accurate data on the behavior of these winds in order to guide the design of new vehicles particularly the Saturn family of vehicles. Nike Smoke used the release of titanium tetrachloride at altitude to create a smoke trail at altitude. The release created a white smoke trail which when photographed from two cameras situated 10–12 miles from the launch site and 90 degrees apart. Comparison of the photographs allowed winds aloft to be calculated in both direction and velocity. Origins In the early 1960s, NASA's Nike Smoke project was developed at the Langley Research Center and Marshall Space Flight Center laboratories, to study horizontal wind speed and its influence on rocket flights. The Nike booster was chosen due to its high reliability and availability, as thousands were manufactured to meet the requirements of Project Nike. Its cone-shaped tip, with an air intake tube, a tank and an exhaust valve, was specially developed for the mission. In the tank were placed 37 litres of titanium tetrachloride in order to produce a highly reflective and dense smoke trail, hence its name. This trail extended from an altitude of around 6,000 feet to 75,000 feet. The triangulation of this trail provided data much more precise than previous tests made with high-altitude balloons. Development The project's head was Harold Tolefson, along with his engineers Charles Dozier, Robert Henry and Robert Miller. It was intended to launch about a hundred rockets within a 1-year period from Cape Kennedy, where the launch site was built adjacent to Cape Canaveral Air Force Station. The first launch was successfully conducted on May 17, 1962. From May 1962 until May 1963, a total of 55 Nike Smokes were launched from Cape Kennedy. From July 1963 until January 1965, more than 70 Nike Smokes were launched from their Wallops Island launch site. The rocket proved to be an effective and cheap method to study wind patterns at high altitudes. See also Sounding rocket References External links Nike] Nike Smoke Sounding Rocket]* NASA - Wind Velocity Profiles by the Smoke-Trail method - Wallops Island, 1965-1969 NASA - Cultural Resources Nike Smoke YouTube video. Nike (rocket family)
以下为湖北省鄂州市梁子湖区各级文物保护单位列表。全国重点文物保护单位参考鄂州文物保护单位
Game over（遊戲結束）是電子遊戲在一場遊戲結束時出現的畫面文字。 Game Over主要以部分的Nitrome遊戲出現一句，但出現「Level Failed」字樣表示Nitrome的賽車遊戲。同時，也有OutRun 2遊戲玩破關，出現結局畫面及遊戲製作人員名單，甚至出現路線圖，輸入姓名後，按下End後就出現該字樣並且使用旁白提示。快打旋風2遊戲玩破關，出現結局畫面及遊戲製作人員名單，輸入姓名後，按下End後就出現該字樣。另外還有拳皇系列人物死亡時，出現「繼續」字樣，倒計時為零時，出現「Game Over」字樣（部分出現旁白）。出現情況在單機遊戲中，角色生命次數用盡，則會「Game Over」。遊戲出現接關畫面，選擇END退出後顯示；接关次数用尽出现。遊戲玩出最差的結局，即玩出「Bad Ending」。部分遊戲在成功完成所有關卡時出現。部分雙人遊戲在其中一方死亡時出現。部分任務失敗時出現。部分音乐游戏中，如果中途能量条内的能量耗尽或者没有达到过关要求，则会「Failed」而GAME OVER。部分遊戲玩破關、結局畫面、遊戲製作人員列表之後出現（例如快打旋風系列、OutRun 2和多數光槍街機遊戲）。其他與Game Over相同意思的有「You lose」（你輸了）、「You died」（你死了）、「Mission failed」（任務失敗）等。虽然不是绝对，Game Over确在大多数情况下有“失败”的负面意义，当然一些情况下正常的破关也会被冠以“Game Over”，此情形以街机游戏最为多见。大多数情况下，表示游戏达成胜利结局的正面术语是「THE END」，当然达到的效果和Game Over一样都是游戏中止（例如《格鬥天王94》）。在一些遊戲會以「Thank you for your playing」（感謝遊玩）替代「Game Over」字眼來感激玩家的遊玩宣告遊戲結束（例如《恐龍新世紀》）。在《決勝時刻4：現代戰爭》之中，其單人遊戲模式的最終關名字就是“Game over”，这里一语双关，也代指游戏反派“扎卡耶夫”失败被杀的结局。電子遊戲術語电子游戏游戏性英语词语電子遊戲文化
Dame Marina Sarah Warner, (born 9 November 1946) is an English historian, mythographer, art critic, novelist and short story writer. She is known for her many non-fiction books relating to feminism and myth. She has written for many publications, including The London Review of Books, the New Statesman, Sunday Times and Vogue. She has been a visiting professor, given lectures and taught on the faculties of many universities. She resigned from her position as professor in the Department of Literature, Film and Theatre Studies at the University of Essex in 2014, sharply criticising moves towards "for-profit business model" universities in the UK, and is now Professor of English and Creative Writing at Birkbeck, University of London. In 2017 she was elected president of the Royal Society of Literature (RSL), the first time the role has been held by a woman since the founding of the RSL in 1820. She has been a Distinguished Fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, since 2019. In 2015, having received the prestigious Holberg Prize, Warner decided to use the award to start the Stories in Transit project, a series of workshops bringing international artists, writers and other creatives together with young migrants living in Palermo, Sicily. Biography Marina Warner was born in London to an English father, Esmond Warner (died 1982), and Ilia ( Emilia Terzulli, died 2008), an Italian whom he had met during the Second World War in Bari, Apulia. Her paternal grandfather was the cricketer Sir Pelham Warner. She has one sister, Laura Gascoigne, who is an art critic. Marina was brought up initially in Cairo, where her father ran a bookshop, until it was set on fire during attacks on foreign businesses in January 1952, a precursor to the Egyptian revolution. The family then moved to Brussels and to Cambridge, England, where Marina studied at St Mary's School, Ascot. She studied French and Italian at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford. While at Oxford she was the editor of The Isis magazine (published by Robert Maxwell). In 1971, she married William Shawcross, with whom she has a son, the sculptor Conrad. The couple divorced in 1980. She was married to the painter Johnny Dewe Mathews from 1981 to 1997. Her third husband is mathematician Graeme Segal. Warner has been identified as the "lady writer" of the Dire Straits song Lady Writer (1979), whom the singer sees on television "talking about the Virgin Mary" and who reminds him of his former lover. Career Warner began her career as a staff writer for The Daily Telegraph, before working as Vogue'''s features editor from 1969 until 1972. Her first book was The Dragon Empress: The Life and Times of Tz'u-hsi, Empress Dowager of China, 1835–1908 (1972), followed by the controversial Alone of All Her Sex: The Myth and the Cult of the Virgin Mary (1976), a provocative study of Roman Catholic veneration of the Virgin Mary. These were followed by Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism (1981) and Monuments & Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form (1985). Warner's novel The Lost Father was on the Booker Prize shortlist in 1988. Her non-fiction book From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers won a Mythopoeic Award in 1996. The companion study of the male terror figure (from ancient myth and folklore to modern obsessions), No Go the Bogeyman: On Scaring, Lulling, and Making Mock, was published in October 1998 and won the British Academy's Rose Mary Crawshay Prize in 2000. Warner's other novels include The Leto Bundle (2001) and Indigo (1992). Her book Phantasmagoria (2006) traces the ways in which "the spirit" has been represented across different mediums, from waxworks to cinema. In December 2012, she presented a programme on BBC Radio Four about the Brothers Grimm. She was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature in 1984. In 1994 she became only the second woman to deliver the BBC's Reith Lectures, published as Managing Monsters: Six Myths of Our Time, in which she gave an analysis of the workings of myth in contemporary society, with emphasis on politics and entertainment. Warner received an honorary doctorate (DLitt) from the University of Oxford on 21 June 2006, and also holds honorary degrees from the universities of Exeter (1995), York (1997) and St Andrews (1998), and honorary doctorates from Sheffield Hallam University (1995), the University of North London (1997), the Tavistock Institute (University of East London; 1999), Oxford University (2002), the Royal College of Art (2004), University of Kent (2005), the University of Leicester (2006), and King's College London (2009)."About Marina Warner", marinawarner.com; accessed 31 December 2014. She was appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) in the 2008 Queen's Birthday Honours for services to literature. She was a professor in the Department of Literature, Film and Theatre Studies at the University of Essex from 2004 until her resignation in 2014. She took up a chair in English and Creative Writing at Birkbeck College, University of London, in September 2014. She is a quondam fellow of All Souls College, Oxford, and was chair of the judges of the Man Booker International Prize 2015. Warner was appointed Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE) in the 2015 New Year Honours for services to higher education and literary scholarship.2015 New Year Honours List , gov.uk; accessed 31 December 2014. In 2015–16, she was the Weidenfeld Visiting Professor of European Comparative Literature in St Anne's College, Oxford, part of the Humanitas Programme. In March 2017, Warner was elected as the Royal Society of Literature's 19th—and first female—president, succeeding Colin Thubron in the post. She was appointed Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour (CH) in the 2022 Birthday Honours for services to the humanities. Honours and awards 1984: Elected Fellow of the Royal Society of Literature 1986: Fawcett Society Book Prize for Monuments and Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form 1988: Booker Prize for Fiction (shortlist) for The Lost Father 1989: Commonwealth Writers Prize (Eurasia Region, Best Book) for The Lost Father 1989: PEN/Macmillan Silver Pen Award for The Lost Father 1996: Mythopoeic Award for From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers 1999: Katharine Briggs Folklore Award for No Go the Bogeyman: Scaring, Lulling and Making Mock 2000: Chevalier de l'Ordre des Arts et des Lettres (France) 2000: Rose Mary Crawshay Prize for English Literature for No Go the Bogeyman: Scaring, Lulling and Making Mock 2005: Commendatore dell'Ordine della Stella di Solidarieta (Italy) 2005: Elected Fellow of the British Academy 2008: Appointed Commander of the Order of the British Empire (CBE) 2012: National Book Critics Circle Award (Criticism) for Stranger Magic: Charmed States and the Arabian Nights 2013: Truman Capote Award for Literary Criticism for Stranger Magic 2013: Sheikh Zayed Book Award for Arab Culture in Non-Arabic Languages for Stranger Magic 2013: All Souls College, Oxford Two-Year Fellowship 2013: Mansfield College, Oxford, Honorary Fellow 2013: St Cross College, Oxford, Honorary Fellow 2015: Dame Commander of the Order of the British Empire (DBE), for services to higher education and literary scholarship 2015: Holberg Prize, for "her work on the analysis of stories and myths and how they reflect their time and place" 2017–2021: Elected president of the Royal Society of Literature 2017: British Academy Medal "for lifetime achievement" 2017: World Fantasy Award "for lifetime achievement" 2022: Member of the Order of the Companions of Honour, for services to the humanities. PublicationsThe Dragon Empress: Life and Times of Tz'u-hsi 1835–1908 (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1972)Alone of All Her Sex: The Myth and the Cult of the Virgin Mary (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1976) In a Dark Wood (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1977)Queen Victoria Sketch Book (Macmillan, 1979)The Crack in the Tea-Cup: Britain in the 20th Century (André Deutsch, 1979)Joan of Arc: The Image of Female Heroism (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981)The Impossible Day (Methuen, 1981)The Impossible Night (Methuen, 1981)The Impossible Bath (Methuen, 1982)The Impossible Rocket (Methuen, 1982)The Skating Party (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982)The Wobbly Tooth (André Deutsch, 1984)Monuments and Maidens: The Allegory of the Female Form (Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1985)The Lost Father (Chatto & Windus, 1988)Into the Dangerous World (Chatto & Windus, 1989)Imagining a Democratic Culture (Charter 88, 1991)Indigo (Chatto & Windus, 1992)L'Atalante (British Film Institute, 1993)Mermaids in the Basement (Chatto & Windus, 1993)Richard Wentworth (Thames & Hudson, 1993)From the Beast to the Blonde: On Fairy Tales and Their Tellers (Chatto & Windus, 1994)Managing Monsters: Six Myths of Our Time (Reith Lectures) (Vintage, 1994)Wonder Tales: Six Stories of Enchantment (editor) (Chatto & Windus, 1994)Six Myths Of Our Time: Little Angels, Little Monsters, Beautiful Beasts, and More (New York: Vintage, 1995)Donkey Business Donkey Work: Magic and Metamorphoses in Contemporary Opera (University of Wales, 1996)The Inner Eye: Art beyond the Visible (National Touring Exhibitions, 1996)No Go the Bogeyman: Scaring, Lulling and Making Mock (Chatto & Windus, 1998)The Leto Bundle (Chatto & Windus, 2001) Long listed for the Man Booker Prize. Fantastic Metamorphoses, Other Worlds (Oxford University Press, 2002)Murderers I Have Known and Other Stories (Chatto & Windus, 2002)Collected Poems by Sally Purcell – preface (Anvil, 2002)Signs & Wonders: Essays on Literature and Culture (Chatto & Windus, 2003)Phantasmagoria (Oxford University Press, 2006) Stranger Magic: Charmed States & The Arabian Nights (Chatto & Windus, 2011) Once Upon a Time: A Short History of Fairy Tale (Oxford University Press, 2014) Fly Away Home (Salt Publishing, 2015) Fairy Tale: A Very Short Introduction (Oxford University Press, 2018) Forms of Enchantment: Writings on Art and Artists (Thames & Hudson, 2018) Inventory of a Life Mislaid: An Unreliable Memoir (Collins, 2021) Helen Chadwick: The Oval Court (Afterall Books, 2022) Temporale (Sylph Editions, 2023) References External links Stanford Presidential Lecture by Warner (excerpts) Managing Monsters, 1994 Reith Lectures at BBC4 (audio) Marina Warner as contributor to The Guardian 1946 births Living people Writers from Paddington People from Berkshire 20th-century English novelists 21st-century English novelists Academics of the University of Essex Academics of the University of St Andrews Alumni of Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford English non-fiction writers English people of Italian descent English short story writers Dames Commander of the Order of the British Empire Fellows of All Souls College, Oxford Fellows of the British Academy Fellows of the Royal Society of Literature Presidents of the Royal Society of Literature Holberg Prize laureates People educated at St Mary's School, Ascot Rose Mary Crawshay Prize winners 20th-century British short story writers 21st-century British short story writers Recipients of the British Academy Medal People associated with The Institute for Cultural Research Marina Members of the Order of the Companions of Honour
Monolysocardiolipin (MLCL) is a phospholipid with three fatty acid chains located in the inner membrane of mitochondria. MLCL is normally present as part of the metabolic cycle of mitochondrial lipids, such as cardiolipin. It is remodeled by the enzymes monolysocardiolipin acyltransferase, lysocardiolipin acyltransferase, and tafazzin, which transfer a fourth fatty acid chain onto the phospholipid. References Phospholipids Membrane biology
The National Certificate of Educational Achievement (NCEA) is the official secondary-school qualification in New Zealand. Phased in between 2002 and 2004, it replaced three older secondary-school qualifications. The New Zealand Qualifications Authority administers NCEA. History NCEA Level 1 replaced School Certificate in 2002, Level 2 replaced Sixth Form Certificate in 2003 and Level 3 replaced Bursary in 2004. A transitional Sixth Form Certificate was offered by schools in 2003 and 2004. System The NCEA system has three levels – one, two, and three – corresponding to their respective levels on the National Qualifications Framework. Each level is generally studied in each of the three final years of secondary schooling, with NCEA Level 1 in Year 11, NCEA Level 2 in Year 12, and NCEA Level 3 in Year 13, although it is not uncommon for students to study across multiple levels. To pass each level, students must gain a certain number of credits at that level or above. Credits are awarded through students passing unit standards or achievement standards. Each school subject is made up of multiple standards – for example, Mathematics at Level 1 is made up of 13 achievement standards, including separate standards for number, algebra, geometry, trigonometry, statistics and probability. Unit and achievement standards represent the two kinds of standards used in NCEA. Both use criterion-based marking, which means students need to meet the specified criteria for each grade level to achieve at that level. However, unit standards are 'competency based' whereas achievement standards derive from the New Zealand Curriculum. Most unit standards use a simple Achieved/Not Achieved system, whereas achievement standards use a four-grade scale: Not Achieved (N), Achieved (A), Merit (M) and Excellence (E). Furthermore, each standard is assigned a particular credit value. For instance, Standard 91394 (Analyse ideas and values of the classical world) is worth four credits while Standard 91587 (Apply systems of simultaneous equations in solving problems) is worth 3 credits. Assessment of individuals is administered both internally and externally. Internal assessments are assessed at the school level throughout the school year. External assessments are assessed at a national level, usually (but not exclusively) by examinations held at the end of the school year in November and December. Achievement and endorsements The number of credits required to pass each level is as follows. Credits can be reused for multiple certificates: NCEA Level 1 – 80 credits at Level One or higher, of which 10 must be in literacy and 10 must be in numeracy. NCEA Level 2 – 80 credits total, of which 60 credits must be at Level Two or higher. Students must also have achieved 10 literacy and 10 numeracy credits at Level One or higher. NCEA Level 3 – 80 credits total, of which 60 credits must be at Level Three or higher and 20 credits must be at Level Two or higher. Students must also have achieved 10 literacy and 10 numeracy credits at Level One or higher. Candidates who achieve a large number of Merit and Excellence standards can have certificates endorsed with Merit or Excellence. To gain a level certificate with Merit endorsement, a student must pass the level with at least 50 Merit and Excellence credits assessed at that level or higher. Likewise, to gain a level certificate with Excellence endorsement, a student must pass the level with at least 50 Excellence credits assessed at that level or higher. In 2011, course endorsements were introduced. To gain a Merit course endorsement a candidate must achieve 14 credits at Merit or Excellence within a given year. Additionally, 3 credits must be internally assessed and 3 externally assessed. 3 exceptions exist for Physical Education, Religious Studies and Level Three Visual Arts, as all standards in these subjects are either entirely internally or externally assessed. An Excellence endorsement requires all 14 credits to be achieved with Excellence. Exam process and marking Grade Score Marking (GSM) was also introduced in 2011, along with the realigned Level One standards. Like the realignment, GSM was phased in so that only Level One externals were marked with GSM in 2011. Under GSM each question earns up to 8 marks, with two marks per each of the grades (NAME). N0 also exists for "no response, no evidence". The Grade Score Marks for each question are totalled and the overall mark for the standard is determined from that total, based on NZQA determined cut-scores. However, candidates would still ultimately receive one of four marks (NAME) whether or not the standard (such as 91098) was out of 8 or 32 (for example, 90948). The rationale behind the change was threefold: it would clarify marks for candidates, motivate them to improve and improve consistency in marking. According to NZQA, NCEA is the only secondary school qualification worldwide where marked examination papers are returned to students. After the examination papers have been returned, a student can apply for certain papers to be reviewed if a marking or clerical error has occurred (e.g. the paper has not been fully marked, the marks have been added up incorrectly, the examination paper shows a different result from their results notice), or they can apply for certain papers to be remarked ("reconsidered") if they feel they have not been assessed correctly. Extensive online resources for standards can be found on NZQA's website. University entrance For NCEA candidates the prerequisites for the University Entrance award were changed in 2014 for the university year beginning 2015. Candidates have since been required to: Achieve NCEA Level 3 Gain 14 credits in each of three Approved Subjects Meet the Literacy and Numeracy standards based on Level Two and Level One credits across a multitude of standards and subjects. Not all subjects are approved for university admission and, as such, NZQA publishes a list of approved subjects and standards. Credits not gained in approved subjects cannot count towards University Entrance. Individual universities set their own entrance standards for specific degree programmes, but NCEA students must still meet the University Entrance standard set by NCEA. The only exception to this applies to a discretionary entrance, which is subject to its own requirements. Non-NCEA pupils are admitted by universities based on their qualifications. NCEA is also accepted internationally, but overseas institutes and countries set their own requirements and NZQA may convert NCEA into comparable measures of performance on a case-by-case basis. The University Entrance award has been criticised on the grounds that it is 'convoluted', insufficient for admission to New Zealand's universities and seen as inadequate by universities domestic and foreign. Subjects University approved Controversy and media In January 2013, hundreds of students were able to access their grades a day before they were due to be released, after they were accidentally posted online. In June 2014 NZQA released a press statement saying that nearly 25% of the 2013 internal assessments were incorrectly marked. Students were nevertheless able to use the wrongly awarded credits to gain NCEA. Each year NZQA takes a random sample of internal assessment for close checking. In some schools, nearly all the credits gained are from internal assessments. Additionally, lower decile schools tend to both use internal assessment more and have larger gaps between internal and external achievement rates when compared to higher decile schools. NZQA said there were more mistakes than usual as new standards had been introduced during the ongoing realignment and teachers had not yet adjusted their marking. In July 2015, James Cote and Michael Johnston suggested that grade inflation was behind the increases in NCEA student pass rates. This suggestion was further expressed in an article published in April 2017. In September 2016, the Level One MCAT (Maths Common Assessment Test) was criticised for being set at a level that was "far too difficult", although Education Minister Hekia Parata commented that 'overall achievement in the assessment was "in line with expectations and higher than 2015"'. References External links NCEA website Education in New Zealand Secondary school qualifications Graduation 2002 introductions
小三阳会传染给妻子吗？所谓“小三阳”是指慢性乙型肝炎患者或乙肝病毒携带者体内乙肝病毒的免疫学指标：即乙肝表面抗原（HBsAg）、乙肝e抗体（HBeAb）、乙肝核心抗体（抗HBC）三项阳性，其中与“大三阳”的区别在于大三阳是e抗原阳性、e抗体阴性，而“小三阳”是e抗原阴性、e抗体阳性。“小三阳”患者分两种情况，其一是病毒阴性的小三阳，其二是病毒阳性的小三阳，某些人常认为大三阳严重而小三阳就没事，其实是一个认识误区，病毒阳性小三阳的危害越来越受到肝病专业医务者的重视。慢性HBV携带者多无症状，常处于免疫耐受期，除了为“大三阳”及病毒检测阳性，其它生长指标甚至病理指标均为正常，此期虽然不需要药物治疗，但需要定期检测和观察，及时发现疾病进展，对于携带者的研究也表明，有少部分携带者虽然肝功正常，但疾病仍然呈现进展过程，经过若干年之后，亦能进展为肝炎、肝硬化甚至肝癌，因此要定期复查，及时发现疾病进展，及时进行干预。乙肝是由于感染乙型肝炎病毒引起的慢性传染性疾病，乙肝病毒的传播途径主要是经过性传播，母婴传播和血液传播的，您目前是乙肝病毒感染小三阳患者，只要肝功能正常，B超正常，乙肝病毒DNA定量检查出来也是正常的情况下，传染几率不大，再者就是您的爱人老婆自身已经有了抗体，或者是有接种过乙肝疫苗的情况下，是不会被感染的。建议为了预防期间您的爱人应该去医院做一个乙肝两对半检查化验看一下，如果没有抗体的情况下，应该及时的注射乙肝疫苗来预防感染的。
薩頓港（）是位於美國佛羅里達州希爾斯波羅縣的一個非建制地區。該地的面積和人口皆未知。地理薩頓港的座標為，而該地的平均海拔高度為1米（即3英尺）。參考文獻 Port Sutton Port Sutton
Carol Tomlinson-Keasey was the former chancellor of the University of California, Merced. She held a Ph.D. from the University of California, Berkeley, and was a professor at the university's School of Social Sciences, Humanities, and Arts. Her research interests included developmental psychology and development of cognitive potential. She announced her resignation in March 2006, and continued her duties until August 31, 2006. Before becoming chancellor at University of California, Merced, Tomlinson-Keasey was vice provost for academic initiatives for the University of California system. She also taught and held administrative positions at University of California, Riverside and University of California, Davis. Death She died on October 10, 2009, aged 66, at her home in Decatur, Georgia from breast cancer. References External links UC Merced Website American women psychologists 20th-century American psychologists University of California, Berkeley alumni University of California, Merced faculty University of California, Berkeley faculty Deaths from breast cancer Deaths from cancer in Georgia (U.S. state) 1940s births 2009 deaths 20th-century American women 20th-century American people 21st-century American women Women heads of universities and colleges 20th-century American academics
Matthew Giuffre (born June 8, 1982) is a Canadian professional squash player. He reached a career high of 38 in the world. He represented his country in the Commonwealth Games. References 1982 births Living people Canadian male squash players Sportspeople from Edmonton Competitors at the 2005 World Games 21st-century Canadian people
腰部过敏性皮炎症状？接触性皮炎是指接触某种物质以后，引起局部的反应，可以有红斑、水泡、炎症性的反应。一般最常见的是强酸、强碱、染发剂。它病因比较清楚，治疗效果很好，首先要停用致敏物质，对症处理。接触性皮炎有两种，一种是原发刺激引起的，另一种是变态反应性的。那么，腰部过敏性皮炎症状有哪些呢?我们一起来详细的了解一下吧。腰部过敏性皮炎是由过敏原引起的皮肤炎症反应，由于过敏原不同可能表现为多种多样的皮炎、湿疹、荨麻疹等，具体症状有：皮肤红肿、发痒、风团、脱皮等。具体的过敏原可以分为接触过敏原、吸入过敏原、食入过敏原和注射入过敏原四类。每类过敏原都可以引起相应的过敏反应，主要的表现是多种多样的皮炎、湿疹、荨麻疹。做好过敏性皮炎的防治，注意饮食调理，均衡营养，多吃一些水果、蔬菜等维生素丰富的食物，维生素C是天然的抗织胺剂，每天应该从饮食中摄取。腰部过敏性皮炎最早期的症状，就是一个字“痒”，这也是过敏性皮炎首要症状。长出的皮疹，临床上就叫红斑丘疹，比较单一，甚至稍微重一点，会出现水泡、糜烂、渗出，等到慢性的时候会有一些脱屑、色素的改变，大多数来就诊的都是以痒、红斑丘疹为主的。过敏性皮炎发病后最明显的症状就是，发病部位出现明显的红肿，但也不是所有的过敏性皮炎发病后都会出现红肿。患上过敏性皮炎之后出现红肿的，同时还会伴有瘙痒的现象，甚至出现瘙痒难耐的现象，和皮肤红肿不同的是发痒也只是大多数过敏性皮炎的症状，也是最让人难以忍受的，所以这个时候最好尽早就医，自己不要随便搔抓避免影响病情。
The red five-toed skink (Leptosiaphos rhodurus) is a species of lizard in the family Scincidae. It is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. References Leptosiaphos Reptiles described in 1951 Reptiles of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Endemic fauna of the Democratic Republic of the Congo Taxa named by Raymond Laurent
孟春（），字時元，山西澤州人，民籍，明朝政治人物。生平山西鄉試第四十六名舉人。弘治九年（1496年）中式丙辰科二甲第八十七名進士。家族曾祖孟泰；祖父孟鑑；父孟彪，母王氏。参考文献孟姓
《紅色氣球》（）是臺灣一部2017年由真人真事改編的網路偶像劇，為野火娛樂與KKBOX旗下OTT VOD影音服務平台KKTV合作的網路電視劇，由徐韜、陳昊森、謝坤達、亮哲、吳子霏、方志友領銜主演。於2017年5月10日播出。KKTV、愛奇藝台灣站及GagaOOLala同志電影線上看於5月10日起每周三晚間10點免費看。播出時間網路演員列表主要演員其他演員網路劇歌曲製作團隊製作人：劉沿瑲、吳瑞文編劇小組：陳嘉軒、劉沿瑲故事：李政達導演：稅成鐸副導演：吳瑋潔場記：蔡喬衣製片組：張智鴻、游貴仁、林正平外聯製片：李世章通告：陳依汎攝影師：余國禎、許智偉攝影助理：周偉華、簡佑學、賴宇震、簡旭昇燈光師：陳嘉麟、林汶駿燈光助理：張心妍、黃昶清場務：李豫群場務助理：羅緯紳美術：蒲士誠美術助理：高偉智梳化師：王寶慧梳化助理：張瓈文服裝師：蔡宜芬服裝助理：張宇涵、羅宇婷劇照：楊蓉剪輯：Green姜叙佩、陳奕伶美術設計：林晨音效：嘉莉錄音工坊調光：台北影業獎項參考資料外部連結愛奇藝線上免費看 GagaOOLala同志電影線上看台灣偶像劇台灣網路劇台灣同志劇集 2017年台灣電視劇集台灣LGBT相關電視節目男同性戀相關電視節目校園暴力題材電視劇
胎停育刮宫后多久可孕？孕早期发现胎停，一般进行刮宫手术，孕中后期发现胎停，一般进行引产。遵医嘱进行手术，服用药物和复查，并好好休养一段时间。手术后3-6个月可再次备孕，不过也要视身体状态是否良好而定。胎停手术后再来一次月经之后，就可以去做详尽的孕前检查，一般包括血常规、内分泌、血糖、甲状腺、生殖系统、风疹、弓形虫、巨细胞病毒、肝功能、尿常规、内分泌、染色体、精液常规等。注意，要夫妻同查，才能尽可能的找到胎停的原因所在。建议一次胎停育者暂时不必检查。胎停育病因1.遗传因素为最主要的因素，与胚胎染色体异常有关。2.父母的年龄较大为胎儿停育的主要危险因素之一。3.孕妇子宫畸形、盆腔感染、患免疫相关疾病，也是主要的危险因素之一，既往自然流产史、不孕及辅助生殖、孕期药物使用、孕期吸烟，经常饮用含有咖啡因或酒精类饮料、肥胖、甲状腺功能不全等也是危险因素，可导致胎儿停育的发生。怀疑胚胎停育后可以观察或保胎1～2周，复查超声可以明确诊断。诊断明确者，及时人工或药物流产。胎停育刮宫后，如果本身患有慢性病，例如高血压、糖尿病、心脏病等，要积极治疗调理，听取医生意见考虑身体状况是否合适备孕。如果夫妻双方的工作环境会接触到有害化学物质，请转换工作至少三个月后再开始备孕。膳食均衡，尽量清淡，保证摄取各种营养元素。适量运动，跳绳可是备孕最佳运动呢！心情开朗，放松心态，不要因为曾经的胎停而对再次怀孕没有信心，乐观、放松，科学备孕，相信宝宝会回来哦！
先进摄影系统（）是1996年由柯达、富士、佳能、美能达、尼康五大摄影器材厂商推出的不同于35毫米底片系统的新一代摄影系统的规范。概要先进摄影系统采用24mm底片，底片区域16.7mm x 30.2mm，胶卷采用可以直接裝入相機內的胶卷暗盒，免去了手工上卷。先进摄影系统的暗盒标识胶卷的状态，有未曝光（圓形）、部分底片曝光（半圓形）、全部底片已曝光（X形）及已冲洗（方形）四种状态。支援在拍摄中间取出，并再次放入。先进摄影系统支援数据交换系统（Information Exchange），底片除了记录图像信息外，还记录曝光时的设置，冲洗系统可以根据这些信息进行调整。摄影者在拍摄时，可以设置一下三种取景框设置：标准（用字母C表示，比例为2:3）高清电视（用字母H表示，比例为9:16）全景（用字母P表示，比例为1:3）这个设置也会存储在底片中，冲洗时可以自动冲洗出46，47，4*11三种不同规格的相片。胶卷冲洗后会退回盒中，方便底片的保管，再次冲印时可告诉冲洗店照片的号码（照片的号码可以从索引片上获得，相片背面也印有照片的号码）先进摄影系统是一套规范，包括从胶卷，相机，冲洗系统等。先进摄影系统的胶卷的感光度有ISO200，400两种，有15张，25张，40张三种规格。先进摄影系统的暗盒呈不规则的椭圆柱形，高39mm，长轴30mm，短轴21mm，比35mm的胶卷盒小，因此，先进摄影系统的照相机一般可以做的比35mm相机小得多，一般属于消费级产品，但美能達、佳能、尼康等也有推出先进摄影系统的專業单眼相机。失敗雖然APS系統是相當革新的發明，但最終APS系統並未流行，且只存活了十餘年。原因是APS系統剛流行時，數碼攝影系統亦同時起步，數碼相機挾多種優點在市場佔有率大幅提高，而相片尺寸亦比APS相機更多選擇。只是APS相機在防止底片因操作失誤「走光」（如錯誤打開相機機背等原因）能比普通底片相機優勝而已。柯達已經於2004年起停產APS相機。柯達與富士2011年起皆已停產APS底片，僅有少量庫存在市場上銷售。儘管APS系統的相機與底片已退出市場，但其24mm片幅後來卻成為數位單眼相機開始發展時所採用的APS-C片幅，並廣泛獲相機廠商所採用。原因是24mm片幅的感光元件價格遠低於35mm片幅的感光元件。使用APS规格的照相机佳能：佳能EOS IX50 Canon IXUS Z65 富士： EPiON 250z Fotonex 1000ix体积仅为84×52.5×27.5mm，比香烟盒还小，重量只有135g 柯達： ADVANTiX 4100ix zoom 柯达Adventix 5800 ADVANTiX C400 美能达：美能达Vectis系列产品尼康：尼康Pronea S 尼康Pronea 600I PENTAX： PENTAX edina Leica： Leica C11 (APS底片機，搭配 Vario 23-70mm ASPH 鏡頭) 参见底片格式參考資料外部链接 APS系统简介—色影无忌 APS 摄影底片
Marko Đira (born 5 May 1999) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Šibenik. Career statistics Club References 1999 births Living people Footballers from Šibenik Croatian men's footballers Croatian expatriate men's footballers Croatia men's youth international footballers Men's association football midfielders First Football League (Croatia) players Croatian Football League players Slovenian PrvaLiga players HNK Šibenik players GNK Dinamo Zagreb II players GNK Dinamo Zagreb players NK Lokomotiva Zagreb players FC Koper players Croatian expatriate sportspeople in Slovenia Expatriate men's footballers in Slovenia
治好精囊炎的治疗方法有什么？精囊炎的治疗方法很多，关键要根据病情治疗，根据病情采取不同的治疗方法。治愈时间要看你的身体恢复的症状，没有统一的标准。治疗精囊炎的费用问题也是这个道理，主要还是听医生用什么方法治疗最为有效。除了治疗以外，还要注意休息，劳逸结合，适当的参加体育锻炼，这样有利于病情的恢复。正确的治疗是病人康复的希望，如果您的身体健康出现了疾病的症状，请及时到正规医院就医，以免延误病情，造成严重的后果。精囊并不是贮存精液的器官，而是男性生殖器的附属腺体。精囊腺炎症治疗主要抗炎为主可以辅助物理治疗，效果是很理想的，物理治疗的方式很多主要看你症状适合哪种，不是每个人都一样的选择。治疗时间是需要根据你病情程度以及身体对药物敏感程度决定的。精囊炎的治疗方法包括：1、一般治疗，对于病程长、有神经系统症状、因血精而有思想负担重者，应做好病人的病情解释，消除不必要的精神负担。慢性精囊炎每天用温水坐浴，水温在40度左右，每天一到两次；2、理疗的方式，如会阴、离子导入等；3、全身治疗包括抗生素，急性精囊炎选用细菌培养敏感的、足量的、有效的、广谱的抗生素控制炎症。对于慢性精囊炎常常合并有慢性细菌性前列腺炎，易选用脂溶性的药物，如喹诺酮、罗红霉素、磺胺类的药物；4、中药治疗，根据病人的症状进行辨证论治，属湿热、属血瘀、属肾虚，可以采用知柏地黄丸、四妙丸、归脾丸等药物进行治疗。为了防止精囊炎迁延不愈，无论是急性还是慢性精囊炎，都应彻底治疗。

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.