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胡元义（），男，中国法学家，曾任国立西北大学教授，中华民国教育部部聘教授，同济大学法学院首任院长。
参考资料
Yuan
国立西北大学教授
中華民國大陸時期部聘教授
同济大学教授
中華民國法學家
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埃劳夫湖畔米特尔巴赫（德语：）是奥地利下奥地利州利林费尔德县的一个市镇。总面积67.28平方公里，总人口595人，人口密度8.8人/平方公里（2005年）。
参见
下奥地利州市镇列表
参考
下奥地利州市镇
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林德生是臺灣男子田徑運動員，多次拿下臺灣省運動會獎牌，曾參加1956年夏季奧林匹克運動會跳遠項目。林德生的胞弟朱利隆也是名選手，曾拿下過鐵餅及十項運動金牌，因年幼時給人當養子而改姓，林德生的長子林清光，也是跳遠好手。
生平
林德生出生於1929年，曾是高雄水產學校田徑隊的一員。他18歲時便代表花蓮縣出賽第三屆台灣省運動會，直到1953年第八屆省運首度獲得亞軍，出戰1954年第三屆亞洲運動會則獲得第三名。
參考資料
外部連結
台灣男子跳遠運動員
中華民國奧運田徑運動員
林姓
吉安人
台灣原住民田徑運動員
阿美族人
亞洲運動會田徑獎牌得主
中華民國亞洲運動會銅牌得主
1954年亞洲運動會田徑運動員
1954年亞洲運動會銅牌得主
1956年夏季奥林匹克运动会田径运动员
中華民國田徑代表隊選手
日治臺灣出生者
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〈通通甩掉〉（英語："Shake It Off"）是美国创作歌手泰勒·斯威夫特的歌曲。这首歌由斯威夫特及其制作人马克斯·马丁和歇尔贝克創作。〈通通甩掉〉是一首以萨克斯管为特色的快节奏流行舞曲。歌词是反映了斯威夫特对批评者以及他们对她形象的负面看法的不屑。这首歌是她第五张录音室专辑《1989》中的首支主打单曲，斯威夫特将这张专辑作为她的第一張流行樂專輯销售。它于2014年8月18日由大機器唱片发行以供全球数字下载。
当代乐评人认为这首歌的流行舞曲制作十分吸引人，但有也些人认为歌词不够有力。回顾过去，乐评将〈通通甩掉〉视为《1989》时期的有力开场白，它标志着斯威夫特的音乐和形象从乡村转变为了流行。这首歌被新音乐快递和前音後果列入2010年代的十年末重点榜单。在美国，这首单曲在告示牌百强单曲榜上停留了50周（包括 4 周排名第一），并获得了美国唱片业协会的钻石认证。〈通通甩掉〉还在澳大利亚、加拿大、匈牙利、新西兰和波兰的排行榜上名列前茅。
该单曲的音乐视频由执导。视频中，斯威夫特所饰演的一个笨拙的人试图练习几个舞蹈动作都没有成功。该视频因为涉及到与有色人种相关的特色舞蹈动作（例如电臀舞）而收到了文化挪用指控。为了宣传这首歌，斯威夫特出席了MTV音乐录影带大奖和iHeartRadio音乐节等的电视直播活动并进行表演。〈通通甩掉〉在她三次世界巡回演唱会的演出名单，即2015年的1989世界巡迴演唱會，2018年的舉世盛名體育場巡迴演唱會和2023年的時代巡迴演唱會。这首歌获得了无数赞誉，包括2015年人民选择奖的最喜爱歌曲和2015年格莱美奖的三项格莱美提名。
音乐背景
泰勒·斯威夫特 (Taylor Swift)在她的第四张录音室专辑《红》（Red）发行（2012 年 10 月）之前一直以乡村音乐创作歌手著称。专辑《红》融合了各种流行和摇滚风格，超越了她之前发行的乡村音乐。 她与瑞典流行音乐制作人马克斯·马丁（Max Martin）和歇尔贝克（Shellback)强强联手，在音乐唱片目录中引入了直接流行音乐hooks和新流派，其中包括电子音乐和回声贝斯（dubstep）。 斯威夫特和她的唱片公司大机器唱片（Big Machine）将其作为乡村音乐专辑来宣传。 这张专辑多样化的音乐风格引发了媒体关于她作为乡村艺术家身份的争论，她在接受华尔街日报采访时回答说：“我想让其他人来定音乐流派的标签。” 斯威夫特开始录制第五张专辑《1989》，同时在 2013 年年中为《红》巡回演出。 受到 1980 年代合成流行音乐的启发，她将《1989》 视为她的第一张“官方流行”唱片，从此她的形象从乡村转变为流行。 马丁和歇尔贝克制作了专辑标准版 13 首曲目中的 7 首，包括《通通甩掉》。
音乐与歌词
斯威夫特与马丁和谢尔贝克共同创作了《通通甩掉》。 这首歌由洛杉矶康威录音室的山姆·霍兰德和瑞典斯德哥尔摩MXM 录音室的迈克尔·伊尔伯特录制。 弗吉尼亚州的弗吉尼亚海滩MixStar演播室的塞班·根亚进行后期混音处理，来自纽约斯特林录音工作室的汤姆·科因进行了母带后期处理。
从音乐方面来讲，《通通甩掉》是一首融合了萨克斯风的快节奏流行舞曲。 这首歌的萨克斯演奏家乔纳斯·桑德 (Jonas Thander) 根据马丁预先录制的MIDI号角样本，使用了男高音号角。 桑德花了十多个小时来编辑萨克斯管部分，并在第二天完成创作。 《通通甩掉》遵循 ii–IV–I和弦进行；它采用了诗歌-前合唱-合唱形式，以轻松的诗歌开始，为前合唱拉紧，为合唱再次放松。 这首歌的欢快生产是伴随着一个循环的鼓点节拍，一拍手为基础的过渡间奏，并搭配了合成萨克斯管。
这首歌的歌词灵感来自斯威夫特在成名期间所经历的媒体的密切关注。 2014年8月斯威夫特在接受滚石杂志采访，谈到这首歌的灵感时说：“我生活的每一部分都被解剖了。当你在这样的审查下过着自己的生活时，你要么让它毁了你，要么你需要非常擅长躲避重击。当问题来临时，你要知道如何处理它。我想我处理它的方式是通通甩掉。” 斯威夫特在2014年10月与NPR讨论这首歌的信息时说，《通通甩掉》相比之前的单曲“ Mean ”（2010），展现了一种更成熟的想法，这也受到了批评者的启发。 根据斯威夫特的说法，如果“尖酸刻薄”使她成为受害者，那么“通通甩掉”则使她处于一种积极主动的立场，“收起滔滔的回诀，并对那些激怒自己的人保留一份幽默感——不要让他们激怒自己”。
在这首歌的第一节中，斯威夫特将她的形象描述为一个性感的女人，有着许多浪漫的情感经历：“我约会的次数太多了/但我不能让他们留下来/至少人们是这么说的。” 合唱中的台词有节奏地代入，形成引人入胜的朗朗上口的旋律：“因为玩家会玩，玩，玩，玩，玩/而仇恨者会恨，恨，恨，恨，恨/宝贝，我只要摇，摇，摇，摇，摇。” 说唱式过度以斯威夫特宣言开始，“你本可以身处‘世界的肮脏骗子’中，沉浸于这种炫酷的节拍”。 歌词“这个病态炫酷的节拍”已被美国专利商标局注册为斯威夫特的商标。
歌曲评论
《通通甩掉》收到了音乐评论家褒贬不一的评价。 虽然有些人认为该制作很吸引人，但其他人认为这首歌重复性高且与斯威夫特的前一张专辑《红》相比缺乏实质内容，《红》被认为是她的艺术巅峰。 《洛杉矶时报》评论家兰德尔·罗伯茨（Randall Roberts）称赞了这首歌充满活力的创作，他们称其为“完美的流行甜点”。然而，罗伯茨觉得歌词很肤浅，称这首歌对当时的政治事件不敏感：“当生命危在旦夕时，似乎没有什么比了解实际真相更重要的了，说谎者和骗子不能也不应该甩开。” 凯文·福勒（Kevin Fallon）为每日野兽（The Daily Beast ）撰稿， 将《通通甩掉》描述为“非常令人沮丧”。虽然称其为“一首伟大的流行歌曲”，但他批评它是一首通俗歌曲，未能展示斯威夫特出色的叙事歌曲创作能力。
来自卫报的莫莉菲茨帕特里克（Molly Fitzpatrick）同样称赞这首音乐，但觉得歌词没能充分体现斯威夫特的词曲创作能力。 美国作曲家杰夫·特里奇 (Jeff Terich) 给这首歌打了五星中三星的评分，认为斯威夫特的新方向是“值得追随的左转”。虽然泰瑞克同意歌词充满不屑，但他认为评论家不应该认真对待这首歌，因为它“相当无害”。 Billboard的Jason Lipshutz在正面评价中写道：“斯威夫特证明了为什么她属于流行音乐界的天后……这首歌听起来相当受欢迎。” 在对专辑《1989》的评论中，亚历克西斯·佩特里迪斯(Alexis Petridis) 称赞歌词“扭曲陈词滥调，直到它们听起来很原创”。 用来自杂志《Spin》的 安德鲁（Andrew Unterberger） 的话来说，虽然《通通甩掉》在音乐上是一个在专辑中格格不入的“红鲱鱼”，但它在主题上代表了斯威夫特在《1989》 专辑中的新态度，她将自己从公开的浪漫斗争中解放出来去拥抱积极性。 斯威夫特本人承认这首歌在《1989》中不入流，并故意将其作为主打单曲发行，以鼓励观众去探索整张专辑，而不仅仅是单曲。
回顾过去，来自NME 的汉娜（Hannah Mylrae） 认为《通通甩掉》是斯威夫特1989时代的有效开场白，这将她的形象转变为主流流行音乐。 虽然说这首歌不是专辑中最好的歌曲之一，但滚石乐队的劳伯·谢菲尔德（Rob Sheffield）称赞它“作为预告片来宣布她大胆的 80 年代合成流行音乐的改头换面”。 来自纽约杂志的奈特·乔斯(Nate Jones) 表示同意，但将这首歌的过渡间奏段描述为“整张专辑中最糟糕的 24 秒”。 在 2019 年斯威夫特单曲排名中，亚历克西斯·佩特里迪斯 (Alexis Petridis) 将《通通甩掉》排在第三位——排在《空格》(2014) 和《爱的故事》(2008) 之后，称赞其“不可抗拒”的钩子和“犀利的机智”。 来自Paste 的Jane Song对其不太热情，将《通通甩掉》列为她目录中斯威夫特最糟糕的歌曲之一，她写道：“斯威夫特的做法是选择每张专辑中最糟糕的歌曲作为主打单曲。”
音乐视频
由执导的《通通甩掉》音乐视频于 2014 年 8 月 18 日发行，与歌曲发行同一天。 它于 2014 年 6 月在洛杉矶拍摄了三天。 斯威夫特认为这段视频是对她试图找到自己身份的幽默描述：“弄清楚你是谁以及你在世界上的位置需要很长时间。” 为此，视频将斯威夫特描绘成一个笨拙的人，尝试与专业艺术家（包括芭蕾舞演员、霹雳舞者、啦啦队和表演艺术家）共舞，但未成功。 她总结视频：我把自己置于所有这些尴尬的境地，舞者都很棒，我很享受，但无法融入。我在这方面做得很糟糕。它表明你继续做你自己，继续努力弄清楚你在世界上的位置，最终你就可以找到自我。”
舞蹈由泰斯·迪奥里奥(Tyce Diorio) 编排。 视频的最后场景是斯威夫特与她的粉丝跳舞，这些粉丝是斯威夫特通过社交媒体参与挑选的。 该视频包含对其他流行文化领域的引用。例如， VH1注意到以下几点：芭蕾舞片段与2010电影《黑天鹅》有相似之处，霹雳舞者和2010年的电影《舞出我人生3D》有相似之处，“闪闪的西服和机器人舞蹈动作”像法国电子音乐家傻朋克， 电臀舞舞蹈动作像麦莉赛勒斯，拉拉队员像托尼·巴兹尔1981 年视频《米奇》，斯威夫特的黑色高领毛衣和牛仔裤搭配像奥黛丽赫本在 1957 年电影《滑稽面孔》的试镜服装。 包括《洛杉矶时报》和《悉尼先驱晨报》在内的出版物也提到了Lady Gaga和Skrillex 。
《卫报》的莫莉·菲茨帕特里克 (Molly Fitzpatrick) 认为斯威夫特相对于视频的概念“有点像过于熟练的舞者”，她写道：“现代舞、芭蕾和霹雳舞的不协调融合很有趣，但艺术效果平平无奇。” 悉尼《先驱晨报》的彼得文森特称这段视频“非原创”，引用了许多流行文化参考，并质疑了斯威夫特形象转变为流行音乐的成功。 媒体教授玛丽恩·威尔金森 (Maryn Wilkinson) 指出，《通通甩掉》是《1989 》专辑“滑稽”角色的代表。 威尔金森指出，由于斯威夫特通过她的乡村歌曲与勤奋和真实的角色联系在一起，因此她对“人造合成”流行音乐的冒险需要复杂的操作来保持她的真实感。 正如威尔金森所观察到的那样，在视频中，在每次跳舞都失败后，斯威夫特嘲笑自己，暗示她永远不会“适应”“任何商业上的有利形象，而是更喜欢拥抱她自然的滑稽状态”。 通过这样做，斯威夫特提醒观众她在“流行表演的人工制作”之下的真实性。
分析与评价
《通通甩掉》因延续非裔美国人的刻板印象（如电臀舞和霹雳舞）而受到种族主义和文化挪用的指控难。它的发布恰逢围绕弗格森骚乱展开的种族关系争议,也遭到了批评。 传播学教授雷切尔·杜布罗夫斯基 (Rachel Dubrofsky) 分析了后种族主义背景下所谓的“种族化监视”，指出了斯威夫特对传统白人舞蹈动作（例如芭蕾舞和啦啦队）和传统的黑人舞蹈动作——霹雳舞和电臀舞的描述之间的差异；。 她认为，虽然斯威夫特在表演芭蕾舞或啦啦队时的着装和举止很“自然地”适合她，但她“并没有那么容易去代表霹雳舞者，穿着风格（在电臀舞时）也不能十分贴合地适合她”。 杜布罗夫斯基将视频总结为斯威夫特对她的白人真实性的陈述：“我就是典型白人，你知道，我知道，当我试着像一个有色人种一样跳舞时，这很有趣。”
《华盛顿邮报》指出，该视频对与有色人种相关的舞蹈动作的描述，例如抖臀，是关于白人流行歌手拥抱黑人文化的持续争议的另一个案例。 l罗曼尼克为他的作品辩护道：“我们只是选择我们认为流行和有趣的舞蹈风格。如果你仔细看(视频)，它是一个非常具有包容性的作品。而且……这是一篇讽刺作品。它正在播放各种音乐视频中的比喻、陈词滥调和刻板印象”。 《通通甩掉》成功帶動了在Youtube的點閱率，也讓泰勒絲的YouTube訂閱人數飆升，更成功空降/奪得各大音樂榜冠軍。截至2019年9月，此音樂錄影帶已獲得超過30億觀看人次，是觀看次數最多的YouTube影片之一。泰勒絲于2014年8月24日2014年MTV音乐录像带大奖首次表演了本曲，也是1989世界巡迴演唱會的壓軸歌曲。
波兰冠军单曲
泰勒·斯威夫特歌曲
泰勒·斯威夫特创作的歌曲
歇爾貝克創作的歌曲
马克斯·马丁创作的歌曲
歇爾貝克製作的歌曲
马克斯·马丁制作的歌曲
紐西蘭冠軍單曲
匈牙利冠軍單曲
澳大利亚冠军单曲
流行舞曲歌曲
加拿大百强单曲榜冠军单曲
告示牌百強單曲榜冠軍單曲
2014年歌曲
2014年單曲
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CS1瑞典语来源 (sv)
CS1葡萄牙语来源 (pt)
CS1挪威语来源 (no)
CS1西班牙语来源 (es)
CS1意大利语来源 (it)
CS1德语来源 (de)
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榜单
销售认证
!scope="col" colspan="3"| Streaming
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曲目列表
数字下载/ 限量版CD单曲</ref>
"Shake It Off" — 3:39
德国CD单曲</ref>
"Shake It Off" — 3:39
"Shake It Off" (Video) — 4:02
发行历史
注释
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Zheng Chengsi (Chinese characters: 郑成思; Pinyin: Zhèng Chéngsī; December, 1944 – September 10, 2006) was a Chinese expert on intellectual property, the Director of Intellectual Property Center of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Biography
Zheng Chengsi has worked at the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences since 1979. He studied at the graduate school of the London School of Economics from 1981 to 1983.
In 1994, Zheng was selected as an arbitrator of the Arbitration Center of the World Intellectual Property Organization, and became the Director of the Intellectual Property Center of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences.
Zheng was the deputy to the 9th and 10th National People's Congress, member of the Law Committee.
Zheng died of illness in Beijing on September 10, 2006.
References
External links
Profile of Zheng Chengsi (Chinese)
1944 births
2006 deaths
Chinese legal scholars
Alumni of the London School of Economics
Delegates to the 9th National People's Congress
Delegates to the 10th National People's Congress
People's Republic of China politicians from Yunnan
People from Kunming
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尿锰粪锰的原因是什么？锰主要通过呼吸道和胃肠道吸收，皮肤吸收甚微。锰在血液中，以二价的形式与血液中1球蛋白结合成不牢固的结合物，分布到全身，特别在富有线粒体的肝、肾、胰、心、肺、脑的细胞中为多。随着时间的延长，体内蓄积的锰可以重新分布，在脑、毛发、骨骼中锰逐步相应增加;后期脑中含锰量甚至可超过肝的存积量，多在豆状核和小脑。锰大多经胆囊分泌，随粪便缓慢排出，尿中排出少量，唾液、乳汁、汗腺排出微量。锰选择性地作用于丘脑、纹状体、苍白球、黑质、大脑皮层及其它脑区。动物染锰后，在丘脑下部和纹状体的锰可增加5倍左右，在其它脑区增加约1～2倍。在纹状体、丘脑、中脑有多巴胺减少、高香草酸增高，以及Na-k-ATP酶和胆碱酯酶活性增高、Mg-ATP酶活性改变和单胺氧化酶活性降低。病理改变可见神经细胞变性和神经纤维脱髓鞘改变，局部血管有充血、管壁增厚、血栓形成及周围组织水肿和淋巴细胞浸润等。由于血管病变进一步加重神经细胞和神经纤维的损伤。严重锰中毒可引起肾小管上皮细胞退行性变，肝脂肪变性，心肌和肌肉纤维可有水肿和退行性变，肾上腺缺血和部份坏死。慢性锰中毒的发病机理至今尚未完全阐明，但与神经细胞变性、神经纤维脱髓鞘以及多巴胺合成减少、乙酰胆碱递质系统兴奋作用相对增强等导致精神-神经症状和出现震颤麻痹综合征。
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Radovich v. National Football League (NFL), 352 U.S. 445 (1957), is a U.S. Supreme Court decision ruling that professional football, unlike professional baseball, was subject to antitrust laws. It was the third of three such cases heard by the Court in the 1950s involving the antitrust status of professional sports.
Three justices dissented, finding the majority arbitrary and inconsistent in refusing football the exemption it had upheld five years previously in Toolson v. New York Yankees (). The majority admitted that the similarity between the two sports from a legal standpoint would probably have denied baseball the exemption as well were it sought afresh, but existing case law had tied their hands in the absence of any congressional action.
While the NFL has secured some limited antitrust exemptions since through the legislative process, the lack of a blanket exemption due to this decision has had a major impact on the subsequent history of football. Unlike Major League Baseball, the NFL has faced several competing leagues since then (one of which merged with it) and seen five of its franchises move to new cities. Many of these actions have been accompanied by lawsuits brought against the NFL (often successfully) by competing leagues, public stadium-management authorities and its own owners.
Background of the case
In 1938 undrafted University of Southern California graduate William "Bill" Radovich began his NFL career as a guard with the Detroit Lions. He chose to sign with them because they were the only team in the league that guaranteed players an off-season job.
After four seasons, during which he made sportswriters' All-Pro lists, he left to serve in the Navy during World War II. He returned to the Lions after the war ended, in 1945.
The next year, he asked to be traded to the Los Angeles Rams, or be better paid, as his father, who lived near that city, was seriously ill and he wanted to be able to spend more time with him. Lions' owner Fred L. Mandel Jr. refused, saying (according to Radovich) "I'd either play in Detroit or I wouldn't play anywhere". Since his contract had expired, he instead signed with the Los Angeles Dons of the rival All-America Football Conference (AAFC) and played with them for two seasons, despite Mandel's promise to put him on a blacklist for five seasons. In 1948 the San Francisco Clippers of the Pacific Coast Professional Football League (PCPFL), a minor pro football league whose clubs had some affiliations with the NFL, offered him a position as a player and coach. After learning that the NFL had indeed blacklisted Radovich due to his play in the AAFC and would punish any club that did hire him, however, the Clippers withdrew their offer.
Radovich had to take jobs outside of professional football. One was waiting tables at Los Angeles's Brown Derby restaurant. There he met Joseph Alioto, a former antitrust litigator with the Justice Department. In conversation, he told Alioto how he had come to this, and Alioto responded by sketching out a legal brief on the back of a cocktail napkin.
NFL–AAFC rivalry
The AAFC was an eight-team league that played from 1946–49. Since it emerged at a time when the NFL was just beginning to recover from the war years (when some teams temporarily merged), was national in scope and had owners wealthier than most of their NFL counterparts, it posed a serious competitive threat to the older league. The NFL took many steps to prevent the AAFC from making headway, blacklisting media who had covered the league as well as players who jumped to it.
Ultimately the AAFC collapsed due to the dominance of the Cleveland Browns, who won all four of its championships, and financial problems and instability at some of its weaker franchises. In December 1949 the two leagues merged. The Browns, Baltimore Colts (not related to the team now known as the Indianapolis Colts) and San Francisco 49ers joined the NFL; other teams folded or merged with an existing team.
Professional sports and antitrust
In Federal Baseball Club v. National League (), Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr. had written for a unanimous court that Major League Baseball was not covered by the Sherman Antitrust Act because it was not interstate commerce. Travel by teams across state line was "an incident" to the business of staging baseball games, which he described as "purely state affairs". Three decades later Toolson v. New York Yankees upheld that precedent due to congressional inaction to change it, despite changes in the business such as broadcasting deals that made the interstate aspect a much greater part of the commerce.
Toolson'''s short, per curiam majority opinion concluded that the antitrust exemption applied to baseball only. In United States v. International Boxing Club of New York (), the Court denied a motion by the appellee to extend it to professional boxing despite the commercial similarities between it and baseball.
Trial and appeal
Radovich and Alioto brought suit under the Clayton Act, which allows private parties to seek damages from unfair business practices, against the NFL, all its member franchises, commissioner Bert Bell, the PCPFL (by then defunct) and its commissioner at the time, J. Rufus Klawans. He alleged he had been the victim of a group boycott intended to ruin the AAFC and sought $35,000 in damages. The defendants, primarily the NFL, argued in a pretrial motion that the antitrust exemption for baseball should apply equally to football, barring the lawsuit, and that even if it did not, it should be dismissed for failure to state a cause of action.
The district court accepted those arguments, as did the Ninth Circuit. The latter distinguished football from boxing, which the Supreme Court had already denied the exemption, by noting that it and baseball were both team sports, unlike boxing.
Before the Court
The federal government, interested in not further restricting the jurisdiction of the Sherman Act, filed an amicus curiae brief on behalf of Radovich, drafted by Solicitor General J. Lee Rankin. Maxwell Keith wrote the petition for certiorari and the briefs before the Court on behalf of Radovich. He made the oral argument along with Rankin. Marshall Leahy and Bernard Nordlinger argued for the NFL.
Decision
Justice Tom C. Clark wrote for the majority; there were no concurring opinions by the other justices. On the other side, Felix Frankfurter wrote an opinion reiterating his dissent in International Boxing Club, and John Marshall Harlan II was joined by new justice William Brennan in another.
Majority
Clark reiterated that the Court's existing jurisprudence on the issue – Federal Baseball, Toolson and International Boxing – was explicit and clear that the exemption applied to baseball only. "As long as the Congress continues to acquiesce we should adhere to – but not extend – the interpretation of the Act made in those cases", he said. But "the volume of interstate business involved in organized professional football places it within the provisions of the Act." He admitted that this was at odds with the reality, but defended the reliance on a congressional remedy as a better process than a judicial one:
He also found that Radovich had adequately stated a cause of action, dismissing claims of frivolity and vagueness raised by the NFL. Broadcasting revenues were likely, if proven, to be enough of the defendants' business alone to come under the terms of the Sherman Antitrust Act. "This Court should not add requirements to burden the private litigant beyond what is specifically set forth by Congress", he concluded. "We think that Radovich is entitled to an opportunity to prove his charges."
Dissents
"The most conscientious probing of the text and the interstices of the Sherman Law", wrote Frankfurter, "fails to disclose that Congress, whose will we are enforcing, excluded baseball – the conditions under which that sport is carried on – from the scope of the Sherman Law but included football." He was more concerned, however, with what he felt was undue respect for the doctrine of stare decisis, a concern he had voiced in International Boxing. "Full respect for stare decisis does not require a judge to forgo his own convictions promptly after his brethren have rejected them", he concluded.
Harlan, who had been part of the majority in Toolson and International Boxing, also saw the majority as purely arbitrary in his short dissent. "I am unable to distinguish football from baseball under the rationale of Federal Baseball and Toolson", he wrote, "and can find no basis for attributing to Congress a purpose to put baseball in a class by itself". He accused the majority of using "discriminatory fiat" to make "untenable distinctions" between the two sports.
Aftermath
With the case remanded for trial in the District Court, Maxwell Keith continued his representation who settled with the league for $42,500. Radovich said years later he believed Keith, who wanted him to drop the suit, "double-crossed" him. The settlement came after lengthy arguments between the two men over whether to proceed with the trial. Afterwards he says he learned Keith had been pressured to settle by the league.
"What I did opened doors", he said. "It's the first time that any professional sport was ever taken to court and beaten." He never worked in football again and died in 2002.
Alioto was later elected mayor of San Francisco for two terms. He and the NFL would meet again in antitrust court, most notably as adversaries when he successfully represented Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Commission in its suit that cleared the way for the Oakland Raiders' move to that city. But he also successfully defended it against a suit brought by disgruntled Boston Patriots' quarterback Joe Kapp, and represented Philadelphia Eagles' owner Leonard Tose in an unsuccessful action against the bankers he alleged had conspired to try to force him to sell the team in the late 1970s.
Legacy
Bell lobbied Congress to pass an antitrust exemption after the decision, and had almost succeeded before he died. His successor, Pete Rozelle, continued the effort, but was only able to get limited exemptions to allow sharing of television revenues (the Sports Broadcasting Act of 1961) and, later, the merger with the American Football League (AFL). Since the Court's ruling means professional football is covered under antitrust law, the NFL has faced a number of competing leagues and lawsuits it would not otherwise be subject to.
Competing leagues
The AFL had been formed by Lamar Hunt two years after Radovich was decided, and played for six seasons. The NFL could not use the same tactics it had against the AAFC, and the two leagues merged in 1966 to become the modern NFL. When the Dallas Cowboys were created to compete for the same market as Hunt's Dallas Texans, the AFL brought a suit that eventually led to the merger.
Today the AFL is considered the NFL's most successful competitor. To secure the antitrust exemptions that made the merger possible, Rozelle promised Louisiana congressman Hale Boggs the NFL would expand into New Orleans, and the Saints and Cincinnati Bengals were added to the league shortly thereafter.
In the 1970s the World Football League (WFL) took on the NFL. An apparently auspicious start, during a short players' strike, turned sour when it was discovered teams gave away many tickets, and soon the teams and their league were experiencing serious financial problems. After a season and a half it folded. The only two teams to have remained solvent applied to join the NFL as expansion teams but were rejected. One of the teams, the Memphis Grizzlies, sued the NFL in its own lawsuit, Mid-South Grizzlies v. National Football League. It took several years for the case to work its way through the federal court system; the Grizzlies ultimately lost their case. The Grizzlies case centered around the league's rejection of the Grizzlies' application making it impossible to maintain operations, which the courts claimed would instead open up opportunities for competing leagues.
The next decade brought the United States Football League (USFL), which played its season in the spring instead of autumn. After three seasons of play during which it never had the same number of teams and many franchises moved, it also filed an antitrust suit it had brought against the NFL. Seeking hundreds of millions of dollars and damages, USFL v. NFL centered around the NFL's television contracts, and in addition to the financial damages, it also sought to invalidate the league's contracts with at least one of the Big Three television networks that dominated U.S. TV at the time. The jury concluded that the NFL was indeed violating antitrust laws but refused to tear up the broadcast contracts (noting that a last-ditch effort to move the league's season to autumn forced out numerous major market teams that would have made a television package more appealing) and only awarded a token $3 judgment in the USFL's favor. The failure to secure either objective in the lawsuit, coupled with mounting debts, prompted the USFL to cease operations.
There have been two prominent efforts to establish a major professional football league outside the NFL's auspices since the USFL's lawsuit, neither of which has resulted in lawsuits or antitrust challenges. In 2001, NBC, shut out of its TV contract with pro football for the first time since the 1960s, formed the XFL as a joint venture with the World Wrestling Federation. The league played one short season, during the winter, and emphasized entertainment value over top-flight competition. Amid rapidly declining interest and viewer disappointment in the product, the XFL shut down. The United Football League sought to create a parallel pro league in 2009; the UFL managed to put a respectable product on the field but was shut out in its efforts to secure the paying television contract that was required to make the league's finances viable, and amid massive financial losses it played its last games in 2012, by which point the league was unable to draw fans or pay its players.
Labor issues
The owners recognized the National Football League Players Association (NFLPA) because some congressmen and senators pointed to the nonunion status of the league to deny support for exemptions. The NFLPA and the league clashed in court over labor issues and antitrust law. First there was Kapp's lawsuit, which the league eventually won when it was reheard by a jury. Then Baltimore Colts tight end John Mackey sued to block enforcement of the "Rozelle Rule", by which teams that signed another team's free agents were compensated with players or draft picks determined by the commissioner. His legal victory gave the players free agency, which their baseball counterparts had been denied by the Supreme Court, but the NFLPA bargained it away in return for compensation to current and former players affected by the Rozelle Rule.
After the 1987 strike, the players won it back, but only after New York Jets running back Freeman McNeil filed a successful lawsuit that challenged the free agency provisions under the Sherman Act. Eventually the players got the current free agency system in return for a salary cap.
The 1987 strike led to another antitrust action before the Supreme Court, Brown v. Pro Football, Inc. (). Anthony Brown, a practice squad player for the Washington Redskins during the strike, challenged the teams' decision to unilaterally impose a $1,000 weekly maximum for practice players. This time, the NFL won, as the justices ruled 8-1 that groups of employers, as well as single employers, could implement a contract provision they had offered in good faith during an impasse.
Third parties
Two other significant actions have been brought against the NFL on antitrust grounds. The first was from the North American Soccer League (NASL), which challenged an NFL policy, never formally adopted, barring owners from having interests in other professional team sports. Rozelle had pushed for its inclusion as an amendment to the league constitution, believing that owners must be focused on football and could be in a conflict of interest with the NFL if they owned franchises in other sports, since the other sports competed for disposable income with the NFL. Opposing them were Hunt, Miami Dolphins' owner Joe Robbie and Edward Bennett Williams, who at the time owned the Baltimore Orioles as well as the Redskins. Hunt had founded the Dallas Tornado, and owned part of the NBA Chicago Bulls for a while. Robbie's wife owned the Fort Lauderdale Strikers, and Robbie himself warned that the policy was "an open invitation for a lawsuit under the Sherman Act".
The NASL brought suit against the NFL, arguing that its restrictions on cross-ownership were an unfair trade practice to deny other sports and leagues full access to the pool of experienced franchise owners. After losing in district court, it won on appeal but by then was in desperate straits, and folded two years later. The NFL's ownership policies were slightly modified; Rozelle never got the full limitations he wanted.
During that time, the most significant suit in modern NFL history was brought. The Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Commission (LAMCC) sued the league over its provision requiring unanimous approval from other owners for franchise moves, which had otherwise hindered its efforts to conclude a lease with the Raiders, then playing in Oakland, where owner Al Davis was unhappy with the condition of Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum. Davis had also been incensed that the league had allowed the LA Coliseum's previous NFL team, the Los Angeles Rams, to move to Anaheim Stadium despite his abstention from the vote. His team began play in the LA Coliseum in 1982.
The LAMCC's suit was the NFL's most notable use of the "single entity" defense: that despite being composed of more than two dozen separate member teams it was one business for purposes of the Sherman Act. It failed both at trial and then in appeals court, and ultimately the Supreme Court denied certiorari in 1984. Shortly afterwards the Colts moved to Indianapolis, the first of several franchise moves made possible by the invalidation of the NFL's ability to prevent them.
Criticism
The NFL's antitrust-related legal entanglements as a result of Radovich have led to suggestions that antitrust law cannot be applied to professional sports leagues in the same way they are applied to other businesses. In 1981, while testifying before the House Judiciary Committees in support of another exemption bill, Rozelle complained that "[L]eagues are regularly damned in antitrust if they do and damned in antitrust if they don't." He noted that at the time, the city of Oakland was planning to sue the NFL if it allowed the Raiders to move to Los Angeles, and the LAMCC was suing it for not allowing the move.
Rozelle's complaint received some support in the 1990s when sports-law expert Gary Roberts testified to Congress that sports-related antitrust decisions, including many of those above, had been "inconsistent, often unjustifiable, and generally counterproductive". In Brown, Justice Stephen Breyer's majority opinion acknowledged that "clubs that make up a professional sports league are not completely independent economic competitors, as they depend upon a degree of cooperation for economic survival."
See also
American Needle, Inc. v. National Football League Mid-South Grizzlies v. National Football League''
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 352
References
External links
United States Supreme Court cases
United States Supreme Court cases of the Warren Court
United States antitrust case law
Sports case law
1957 in United States case law
National Football League litigation
1957 in American football
History of the Detroit Lions
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佟卜年（），字八百，號觀澜，定辽中卫（今属辽宁省辽阳）人，明末政治人物。
生平
万历四十四年（1616年）进士，歷南皮縣、河間縣知縣，勤俭廉洁，爱惜人才，天啓初，迁四川夔州府同知，未至，经熊廷弼荐为登莱监军佥事，被诬私通建州（后金），被捕入狱而死。曾作《幽愤录》，以抒胸隐。
其他
另据学者研究，天启元年（1621年），因为辽东战事吃紧，明廷重新启用熊廷弼为辽东经略。在熊廷弼的保举下，佟卜年出任登莱监军道，以招抚辽人。辽东连年征战，汉人佟养真、佟养性投靠了努尔哈赤；而佟卜年与佟养真、佟养性系同姓，故而在明廷激烈的党争中，熊廷弼的政敌将佟卜年当作通敌的把柄，用以攻击熊廷弼。结果佟卜年被解职，于次年（1622年）入狱。后经审判，虽未查实佟卜年有“通逆”的证据，但佟卜年依然身陷囹圄。天启五年（1625年），熊廷弼因丢失广宁城而被传首九边，不久佟卜年亦死。
家族
子佟國器，清朝官至福建与南赣巡抚。
参考资料
相關條目
佟養真
辽阳人
B
萬曆四十四年丙辰科進士
明朝南皮縣知縣
明朝河間縣知縣
明朝山東按察司僉事
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Krasny Profintern () is an urban locality (an urban-type settlement) in Nekrasovsky District of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia. Population:
References
Urban-type settlements in Yaroslavl Oblast
Nekrasovsky District
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（学名：Adelastes）是姬蛙科下的一个属。
下属物种
本属包括以下物种：
参考文献
A
A
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Shafaullah Khan Rokhri (1966 - 29 August 2020) was a Saraiki folk singer, songwriter and music producer. He mainly sang Saraiki and Punjabi songs which are popular all over Pakistan. He along with his son Zeeshan Khan Rokhri produced music under their own label Rokhri Productions. His son Zeeshan Khan Rokhri is also a famous Saraiki singer.
Shafaullah Rokhri is considered a legend of Saraiki music and was the most popular singer from the Saraiki belt second to Ataullah Khan Esakhelvi.
Early life
Rokhri was born in 1966 in Mianwali, Punjab, he initially joined Punjab Police as a constable but due to his interest in music left the job to pursue career in music.
Music career
Rokhri started his music career in the era of 1980s and soon rose to fame among Saraiki folks. He released a number of albums and became a prolific singer of the Saraiki folk genre over the years and was considered only second to Ataullah Khan Esakhelvi, also from Mianwali.
His son Zeeshan Rokhri in later years also joined him and the father-son duo sang manly songs which became immensely popular among folks in Pakistan. They also produced a music show named Folk Studio under their own music label Rokhri Productions which featured their own songs along with other artists from Saraiki belt.
During last decade they mostly revamped their own songs and released them on YouTube under Rokhri Productions which were quite popular in Pakistan and garnered millions of views. His songs are also being sung by a number of new singers who rose to fame singing and following his style.
Personal life
He was married and had a daughter and four sons. His son Zeeshan Khan Rokhri is also a famous Saraiki singer.
Death
Rokhri died on 29 August 2020 in Islamabad due to cardiac arrest. Chief Minister Punjab Usman Buzdar expressed condolences to Rokri's family on his demise and said that it closed the chapter of Saraiki music and his services will long be remembered.
References
15. Zeeshan Rokhri Biography "Zeeshan Rokhri Wife, Biography, Age, Family" He is the son of Shafaullah Rokhri
2020 deaths
Pakistani folk singers
People from Mianwali District
21st-century Pakistani male singers
21st-century Pakistani singers
1966 births
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仙王座ν（造父五），又名BD+60 2288，HD 207260、SAO 19624、HR 8334，是仙王座的一颗恒星，视星等为4.29，位于銀經102.31，銀緯5.93，其B1900.0坐标为赤經，赤緯。该星是一个A2Ia的超巨星，距离5100光年，绝对星等-6.65等，总光度为太阳的75000倍，表面温度9400K,半径为太阳的102倍，质量为太阳的14-16倍。
参考文献
仙王座
207260
8334
19624
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安卓亞·西拉塔（Andrea Hirata，），印尼小說家，處女作《天虹戰隊小學》是印尼暢銷榜冠軍。
生平
安卓亞·西拉塔出生於勿里洞島 ，但出生時間並未公開。安卓亞·西拉塔年少時期曾多次改名，最後他母親將他命名為安卓亞。
2005年，安卓亞·西拉塔出版處女作《天虹戰隊小學》（Laskar Pelangi ），故事以自身童年回憶為藍本。《天虹戰隊小學》之後成為印尼暢銷書榜冠軍，銷售量超過500萬冊. 。
2008年，《天虹戰隊小學》被改編為電影，並成為印尼史上最賣座的電影。
注釋
參考資料
印尼小說家
雪菲爾哈倫大學校友
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Finders Keepers () is a book written by William Lipkind and illustrated by Nicholas Mordvinoff. Released by Harcourt, it was the recipient of the Caldecott Medal for illustration in 1952.
Plot
Two dogs named Nap and Winkle find one bone and have difficulty deciding which of them owns it. Nap and Winkle begin to ask people who the bone belongs to. They ask a farmer, a goat, and a haircutter. A big dog takes the bone from both Nap and Winkle. After, getting the bone back from the big dog, Nap and Winkle discover that the bone belongs to both of them.
Reviews
“Here is a perfect combination of rollicking story and pictures that have strength, life and humor in every line.”
References
American picture books
Caldecott Medal–winning works
1951 children's books
Children's books about dogs
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Niilo Frans Wälläri (6 July 1897 – 25 August 1967) was a Finnish socialist, syndicalist politician. Wälläri led the Finnish Seamen's Union from 1938 until his death.
In 1913 Wälläri left Finland to become seaman. In 1916, he settled in the United States and joined the Industrial Workers of the World. Because of his political activities, Wälläri was deported back to Finland in 1920. Wälläri became active in the underground Communist Party of Finland (SKP) and the public Socialist Workers' Party of Finland (SSTP). Wälläri was chairman of SSTP in 1922–1923 and he was jailed at the Tammisaari prison camp when the party was disbanded. In the late 1920s Wälläri became frustrated with communists. This eventually led to a split in 1929. Wälläri was one of the main organisers behind the short-lived Left Group of Finnish Workers.
Wälläri joined the Social Democratic Party of Finland in 1935. Social Democratic Association of Transport Workers was his stronghold. The Soviet Union radioed anti-Wälläri propaganda during the Second World War.
After the war Wälläri left SDP and joined the Finnish People's Democratic League and the Socialist Unity Party. As leader of the seamen's trade union, he constantly threatened to damage the government and economy with strikes in order to gain benefits for the seaman's trade union.
Sources
Wälläri, Niilo in Biografiskt lexikon för Finland .
1897 births
1967 deaths
People from Lieto
Politicians from Turku and Pori Province (Grand Duchy of Finland)
Communist Party of Finland politicians
Socialist Workers Party of Finland politicians
Left Group of Finnish Workers politicians
Social Democratic Party of Finland politicians
Socialist Unity Party (Finland) politicians
Syndicalists
Industrial Workers of the World members
Finnish trade union leaders
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厌食症的人一天都不吃东西吗？厌食症为饮食失调症，其医学名称为神经性厌食。患者以女性居多，死亡率高达20%。有些人认为厌食症和强迫症有类似之处，最初，病人只是为了“减肥”而少吃少喝，渐渐却形成强迫观念，甚至不吃不喝，其后果即造成体重严重下降，患上厌食症。厌食症患者最主要征状是对食物提不起兴趣，没有胃口开怀吃东西。患者的想法和实际情况相差很远，即使已经很瘦了，还老是觉得自己很胖。根据美国精神协会的标准诊断，厌食症患者的体重往往低于标准BMI15％。有什么影响？患者由于长期过度节食，造成营养不良，因而影响生理变化，包括月经失调，甚或是停经等。一般常见的征状包括：皮肤变得粗糙干裂、柔毛出现、体温下降、心跳缓慢、身体衰弱、脱水、脸色苍白、精神无法集中，甚至感到焦虑或者忧郁，心脏功能变差，甚至还会晕倒。同时，由于患者体内缺乏脂肪，容易发冷、畏寒。病情严重的话，会导致心脏衰竭，甚至死亡。如何治疗？厌食症的诊治必须视患者的病情而定，病情严重的话，甚至必须入院接受心理医生、专科医生及营养师的观察及诊治，再配合行为治疗，使到病人的体重渐渐回升。若是病情还不太严重，在心理医生的辅导下，也有可能康复。值得注意的是，厌食症患者如果仍处于发育期，而器官又已受到损坏，可能在病情好转之后，功能还无法恢复正常，会影响到生理发育和成长。患者是否能康复，也必须视病人的意志力而定，疗程则因人而异，从几个月到几年不等。最重要的是，要尽早治疗，不要等到病情很严重才上门找医生。值得一提的是，许多患者在患病初期都不愿意承认自己患上厌食症，而家人由于生活忙碌，或是不常在一起用餐，而忽略了病人的病情，等到发现问题时，往往病情已不轻。
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Longlands is a rural community in the Hastings District and Hawke's Bay Region of New Zealand's North Island. The area is on the southern and western outskirts of Hastings city.
The Longlands Estate occupied much of the land around 1880, but was broken up into smaller farms and a freezing works in the early 20th century.
The area is a centre for growing fruit and vegetables.
Demographics
Longlands (including Irongate and Pakipaki, covers and had an estimated population of as of with a population density of people per km2.
Longlands had a population of 2,253 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 204 people (10.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 162 people (7.7%) since the 2006 census. There were 762 households, comprising 1,182 males and 1,074 females, giving a sex ratio of 1.1 males per female, with 426 people (18.9%) aged under 15 years, 366 (16.2%) aged 15 to 29, 1,071 (47.5%) aged 30 to 64, and 396 (17.6%) aged 65 or older.
Ethnicities were 82.3% European/Pākehā, 20.1% Māori, 5.9% Pacific peoples, 2.9% Asian, and 2.3% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.
The percentage of people born overseas was 16.6, compared with 27.1% nationally.
Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 46.5% had no religion, 43.8% were Christian, 1.6% had Māori religious beliefs, 0.3% were Hindu, 0.1% were Muslim, 0.3% were Buddhist and 1.7% had other religions.
Of those at least 15 years old, 345 (18.9%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 309 (16.9%) people had no formal qualifications. 348 people (19.0%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 1,008 (55.2%) people were employed full-time, 318 (17.4%) were part-time, and 39 (2.1%) were unemployed.
Railway station
Longlands flag station on the Palmerston North–Gisborne Line opened in 1912, after a deputation met the Minister of Railways, following the opening of a sheep and cattle yard in 1911. The line through Longlands, from Hastings to Paki Paki, had opened on 1 January 1875, the last works being to complete the bridge over the nearby Irongate Stream, formerly the Ngaruroro River. The piles of that bridge sank soon after construction. A shelter shed was built at Longlands in 1905, to the south of Longlands Road. In 1936 Longlands was a main centre for railing cattle. In 1947 frame levers at Longlands tablet locked siding were fitted with chains, staples, and a points lock. The station closed to all traffic on 18 May 1980, but a service siding was retained for about a decade.
References
Hastings District
Populated places in the Hawke's Bay Region
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Tito Livio Burattini (, 8 March 1617 – 17 November 1681) was an inventor, architect, Egyptologist, scientist, instrument-maker, traveller, engineer, and nobleman, who spent his working life in Poland and Lithuania. He was born in Agordo, Italy, and studied in Padua and Venice. In 1639, he explored the Great Pyramid of Giza with English mathematician John Greaves; both Burattini and Sir Isaac Newton used measurements made by Greaves in an attempt to accurately determine the circumference of the earth.
For Germany in 1641, the court of King Ladislaus IV invited him to the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. In Warsaw, Burattini built a model aircraft with four fixed glider wings in 1647. Described as "four pairs of wings attached to an elaborate 'dragon'", it was said to have successfully lifted a cat in 1648 but not Burattini himself. According to Clive Hart's The Prehistory of Flight, he promised that "only the most minor injuries" would result from landing the craft.
He later developed an early system of measurement based on time, similar to today's International System of Units; he published it in his book (lit. "universal measure") in 1675 at Vilnius. His system includes the (lit. "catholic [i.e. universal] metre"), a unit of length equivalent to the length of a free seconds pendulum; it differs from the modern metre by half a centimetre. He is considered the first to recommend the name metre for a unit of length.
Along with two others he met at Kraków, Burattini "performed optical experiments and contributed to the discovery of irregularities on the surface of Venus, comparable to those on the Moon". He made lenses for microscopes and telescopes, and gave some of them to Cardinal Leopoldo de' Medici. He is also credited with building a calculating machine, which he donated to Grand Duke Ferdinando II, that borrows from both a Blaise Pascal machine and Napier's rods. He died in Kraków, aged 64.
See also
John Wilkins
References
External links
Misura universale (1675, at Gallica)
Nuncius: Annali di Storia della Scienza, issue 1998, especially section titled ""
1617 births
1681 deaths
17th-century Italian inventors
Polish indigenes
Italian scientific instrument makers
17th-century Polish businesspeople
Metrologists
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左丞祖，一作左承祖，孔融幕僚。曾任治中。
生平
左丞祖有謀略，勸孔融選擇曹操或袁紹一個較大的勢力作為依靠。孔融知道袁紹、曹操圖謀漢室，不想同流合汙，於是殺害左丞祖。劉義遜因此棄孔融而去。
參考資料
C
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Wieszyno is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Słupsk, within Słupsk County, Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately east of Słupsk and west of the regional capital Gdańsk.
References
Wieszyno
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Levent Eriş (born 17 September 1962) is a UEFA Pro Licensed Turkish football manager and former player.
References
1962 births
Living people
Turkish men's footballers
İzmirspor footballers
Samsunspor footballers
Alanyaspor footballers
Bucaspor footballers
Karşıyaka S.K. footballers
Men's association football midfielders
Turkey men's under-21 international footballers
Turkish football managers
İzmirspor managers
Manisaspor managers
Kayseri Erciyesspor managers
Altay S.K. managers
Diyarbakırspor managers
Samsunspor managers
Adana Demirspor managers
Giresunspor managers
Boluspor managers
Adanaspor managers
Footballers from İzmir
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HD 8774，又名BD+33 234，SAO 54705、HR 415，是一颗恒星，视星等为6.27，位于銀經131.25，銀緯-27.92，其B1900.0坐标为赤經，赤緯。
参考文献
8774
0415
54705
仙女座
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白带带血怎么回事？随着女性对自身健康的关注和了解，白带变成了女性朋友们自测阴道健康的一个法宝；一般来说女性朋友们都会时常关注自己的白色有没有问题，会不会量多，颜色对不对，有没有异味；但也有的女性朋友可能会发现自己的白带带血，这个发现常常会让女性朋友吓一跳，不知道自己的身体到底出现了什么问题。白带带血可由生理性和病理性两种原因引起。1、生理性，正常妇女月经周期中，第12～14天是排卵的日期，这时由于卵泡破裂，雌激素水平出现起伏变化，使血管通透性改变，红细胞渗出血管，造成阴道少量流血，导致白带中有血丝；有些女性在放置节育器后，也会出现白带带血的症状，这可能是因为子宫壁与节育器摩擦，引起出血导致的，一般可自行恢复。2、病理性，颈炎发展到重度糜烂时，在糜烂面上常有血液渗出；宫颈息肉表面炎症充血时，亦有血液渗出；阴道炎，出于缺少雌激素的支持，阴道上皮细胞壁变薄，容易出血；子宫粘膜下肌瘤，特别是脱出在阴道内的肌瘤，其表面容易坏死、感染，从而发生渗血；宫颈癌，多半是由于子宫颈癌的组织较脆，接触后容易出血而成为血性白带；子宫内膜癌，由于子宫内膜的癌变，出现水样白带中带有血液等。此外，子宫内膜息肉、输卵管癌、阴道癌等都可引起白带带血。当出现白带带血时需要注意：休息是必须的，应多多卧床休息，拒绝一切剧烈的运动和动作，除开上厕所之外，其余时间都应好好呆在床上，这种白带带血的症状通常会在2天左右就自动消失；保持情绪稳定，心情开怀，不要过分紧张，先观察一下自己会否出现腹痛等不适症状，最好赶紧到医院去查明真相，该检查的检查，将出血的原因找出来。
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The women's 4 x 100 metre medley competition of the swimming events at the 2011 World Aquatics Championships was held on July 30 with the heats and the final.
The American team consisting of Natalie Coughlin, Rebecca Soni, Dana Vollmer, and Missy Franklin won the gold in an Americas record time of 3:52.36.
Records
Prior to the competition, the existing world and championship records were as follows.
Results
Heats
17 teams participated in 3 heats.
Final
The final was held at 19:45.
References
External links
2011 World Aquatics Championships: Women's 4 x 100 metre medley relay start list, from OmegaTiming.com; retrieved 2011-07-23.
FINA World Championships, Swimming: United States Smokes Women's 400 Medley Relay; Rattles World Record; Sets American Record, Textile Best, Swimming World Magazine (2011-07-30); retrieved 2011-08-09.
Medley relay 4x100 metre, women's
World Aquatics Championships
2011 in women's swimming
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C型尼曼匹克氏症该如何诊断？因为NPC的症状会发生在不同时期，而且每个人的严重程度不同，所以很难诊断NPC。NPC怀疑指数可以协助医疗照护人员找出必须接受进一步检查的患者，有助疑似罹患NPC的患者及早获得更进一步的检查。怀疑指数相当可靠且对年龄大过4岁的患者具有高侦测率，并且会根据侦测到的不同症状和NPC家族病史计算加权分数，将这些加权分数相加，即可取得整体风险预测分数，提供临床医师相关依据，决定是否进行进一步的检查，以确认患者罹患NPC的可能性。若预测分数超过70，应该立即接受转介至专门的医疗中心进行NPC检测。若医师怀疑患者出现的部分症状可能是NPC所造成，确认诊断方式包含：许多NPC案例可能会被误诊或未被发现，这是因为这种疾病极为罕见且症状可能会因人而异 若然发现有人出现疑似NPC的症状，应该要使其接受检查，因为及早诊断可以使患者及早获得治疗，可以延缓疾病恶化速度。针对患者的研究显示，许多NPC患者获得正确诊断结果的关键是努力不懈。
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Ian Gordon Simmons (born 22 January 1937) is a British geographer. He retired as Professor of Geography from the University of Durham in 2001. He has made significant contributions to environmental history and prehistoric archaeology.
Background
Simmons grew up in East London and then East Lincolnshire until the age of 12. He studied physical geography (BSc) and holds a PhD from the University of London (early 1960s) on the vegetation history of Dartmoor. He began university lecturing in his early 20s and was Lecturer and then Reader in Geography at the University of Durham from 1962 to 1977, then Professor of Geography at the University of Bristol from 1977 to 1981 before returning to a Chair in Geography at Durham, where he worked until retiring in 2001.
In 1972–73, he taught biogeography for a year at York University, Canada and has held other appointments including Visiting Scholar, St. John's College, University of Oxford in the 1990s. Previously, he had been an ACLS postdoctoral fellow at the University of California, Berkeley.
Scholarship
His research includes the study of the later Mesolithic and early Neolithic in their environmental setting on English uplands, where he has demonstrated the role of these early human communities in initiating some of Britain's characteristic landscape elements. His work also encompasses the long-term effects of human manipulation of the natural environment and its consequences for resource use and environmental change. This line of work resulted in his last three books, which looked at environmental history on three nested scales: the moorlands of England and Wales, Great Britain, and the Globe. Each dealt with the last 10,000 years and tried to encompassboth conventional science-based data with the insights of the social sciences and humanities.
Simmons has authored several books on environmental thought and culture over the ages as well as contemporary resource management and environmental problems. Since retirement he has worked on the landscape history of the area of East Lincolnshire where he was a war-time evacuee and has published some papers on the medieval economy and drainage as well as a wide-ranging website at www.dur.ac.uk/east-lincs-history
Honours
Fellow of the British Academy elected in 1997 for research into human-environmental relations, past and future.
FSA Fellow of the Society of Antiquaries of London, 1979
Victoria Medal, Royal Geographical Society 1997
Chairman of the Environmental Working Group of the Institute of British Geographers
Member of the Academia Europaea 1994
Honorary D.Sc., awarded by the University of Aberdeen, 2005
In 2008, it was reported that Jia Jin of the Chinese Academy of Sciences was working on a PhD thesis entitled "On Ian Simmons' Environmental History Study: Contents, Methodology and Enlightenments” in the Department of World History.
Key publications
Simmons IG, KJ Gregory, A Brazel, J W Day, EA Keller. 2008. Environmental Sciences: A Student's Companion. Sage Publications.
Simmons, I.G. 2008. Global Environmental History: 10,000 BC to AD 2000. Chicago : University of Chicago Press and Edinburgh University Press.
Simmons IG. 2003. The moorlands of England and Wales: an environmental history 8000 BC to AD 2000. Edinburgh : Edinburgh University Press.
Simmons IG 2001 An Environmental History of Great Britain: from 10,000 Years Ago to the Present. Edinburgh University Press.
Atkins P, I. G. Simmons, B. Roberts. 1998. People, Land and Time: An Historical Introduction to the Relations Between Landscape, Culture and Environment. Arnold.
Simmons I.G. 1997. Humanity & Environment: a cultural ecology. Longman. 0582225477
Simmons, I.G. 1996. The environmental impact of later Mesolithic cultures: the creation of moorland landscape in England and Wales. Edinburgh University Press.
Simmons, I.G. 1996. Changing the Face of the Earth: Culture, Environment, History. Oxford: Blackwell.
Simmons I.G. 1993. Environmental History. A concise introduction. Oxford: Blackwell.
Simmons, I.G. 1993. Interpreting nature : cultural constructions of the environment. London: Routledge.
Simmons I.G. 1991. Earth, air and water : resources and environment in the late 20th century. London: Edward Arnold.
Simmons I.G. 1982. Biogeographical processes. London : Allen & Unwin.
Simmons I.G., M. Tooley (eds.) 1981. The Environment in British Prehistory. Duckworth.
Simmons I.G. 1979. Biogeography: natural & cultural. London: Edward Arnold
Simmons I.G. 1975. Rural recreation in the industrial world. London: Edward Arnold,
Simmons I.G. 1974, 1981. The ecology of natural resources. London: Edward Arnold.
Simmons I.G. and C. Simmons (eds.) 1974. Resource Systems. London: Macmillan Education.
References
External links
Staff profile, Durham University, UK
1937 births
Alumni of the University of London
Academics from London
Living people
Environmental historians
British geographers
Members of Academia Europaea
Fellows of the British Academy
Academics of Durham University
People educated at Upton Court Grammar School
British historical geographers
Biogeographers
Victoria Medal recipients
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急性荨麻疹忌口多久？急性荨麻疹一般需要忌口一个月左右，而且荨麻疹患者的日常饮食应以清淡为主，多食用一些含有维生素C、维生素B含量比较高的食物以及水果蔬菜等，对于辛辣刺激性较强的食物以及我们民间所说的“发物”，这些食物包括我们常见的一些海产品、猪头肉、牛肉、羊肉等，蔬菜类的食物如辣椒等。一、若是鱼虾类食物所致可用紫苏若是因为吃鱼、虾、蟹而出现荨麻疹，可以食用大量新鲜的紫苏叶，可者饮用紫苏叶的煎煮汁。作法是以干燥后的紫苏叶5克加上200克的水煎煮而成。二、勿服食可疑食品，并留心排便正常与否荨麻疹的症状是皮肤发红、肿、搔痒。原因各式各样如下所示，也有许多个案原因不明。红肿呈大块而且可能出现在身体任何部位，症状很强烈而急发称为急性荨麻疹。全身出疹子，大约一段时间可能几小时，也可能需几天才会消除。而慢性的荨麻疹，症状;较轻也只出现在局部。可能持续一个月到一年之久的长时间。治疗的方法是注射或内服抗组织胺或抗过敏物质，症状可以减轻些。三、发疹严重时应禁食的东西使血液污浊的食物，皆会使荨麻疹恶化。像不新鲜虾、蟹、蟑鱼、蚵鱼贝类，或者竹笋、糯米、巧克力、咖啡、香辛料、砂糖等，在出疹时皆应禁止食用，而容易有荨麻疹的人要时常注意食用这些食品。此外造成荨麻疹的食物更应禁食。四、对于荨麻疹饮食的限制更要谨慎，因为荨麻疹的原因较急性更复杂，食物因素不是很主要。有些干果类，如核桃、豆类、花生酱、巧克力、咖啡、柠檬饮料等也不少见。对于荨麻疹特别是急性患者，必须仔细，耐心的寻找最有可能的原因。
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剖腹产后哺乳多久来月经？新手妈妈在剖腹产后，面临最大的问题就是多久会来月经了。产后第一次来月经，让很多妈妈都焦虑，因为妈妈们担心来月经就表示自己奶水可能快要没有了。而剖腹产后来月经也是正常的生理现象。剖腹产母乳喂养多久来月经正常呢？大概有四分之一母乳喂养妈妈，在生产之后十二周就能重新排卵，生理期也恢复，其他大部分的妈妈要经过十八个星期的休养才可以。其实在临床不能精准的判定生产后月经复潮的准确时间，特别是有一小部分产妇生产后会有间歇性出血症状。剖腹产后不哺乳的妈妈多久来月经正常呢？女性在生产之后三十三至四十二天之后，卵巢已有恢复排卵的可能。在六星期后能够观测出排卵后黄体的存在。对于没有选择母乳喂养的妈妈来说，月经复潮会在生产之后的第六周到第八周之间。医学界经研究发现，约有百分之四十的妈妈会在产后六星期重新开始排卵，有百分之三十五的妈妈在产后八周到十二周后依然没有恢复排卵。剖腹产后月经对哺乳的影响有什么？很多产后妈妈发现，每次来月经，奶水都是相应减少，这是正常的。不仅如此，而且其中蛋白质和脂肪的含量也会产生一定的变化。蛋白质在奶水中的含量会增加，而脂肪则相反，会降低一些。这种改变可能会令宝宝消化不良，不过请妈妈们放心，不适只是暂时的。一旦经期结束，奶水的成分含量就会恢复，故而妈妈无需在月经期间停止喂奶。以上就是“剖腹产母乳喂养多久会来月经”的相关介绍。剖腹产和母乳喂养没有直接的关系，在现实生活中，很多剖腹产妈妈都选择了母乳喂养。而母乳喂养也和多久会来月经没有直接的关系，大多数产后来月经时间都是和女性的体质有关。
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"That's What You Do to Me" is a song written by Johnny MacRae and Bob Morrison, and recorded by American country music artist Charly McClain. It was released in August 1978 as the third single from her album Let Me Be Your Baby. The song peaked at number 8 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles chart. It also reached number 1 on the RPM Country Tracks chart in Canada.
Chart performance
References
1978 singles
Charly McClain songs
Epic Records singles
1978 songs
Songs written by Johnny MacRae
Songs written by Bob Morrison (songwriter)
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Ronald Clive Kerle (28 December 19155 April 1997) was an Australian Anglican bishop.
Kerle was educated at the University of Sydney and ordained in 1939. His first positions were curacies at St Paul's Sydney and St Anne's Ryde. He then held incumbencies in Kangaroo Valley and Port Kembla. Later he was General Secretary of the New South Wales branch of the Church Missionary Society and then Archdeacon of Cumberland. From 1956 to 1965 he was Bishop Co-adjutor of Sydney when he became Bishop of Armidale, a position he held for 11 years. His final position until his retirement in 1982 was as Rector of St Swithun's Pymble.
References
1915 births
University of Sydney alumni
Anglican archdeacons in Australia
20th-century Anglican bishops in Australia
Anglican bishops of Armidale
1997 deaths
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Arsenal Courts, also known as Century Woods, is a nationally recognized historic district located in Rock Island, Illinois, United States. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2020. At the time of its nomination it consisted of 43 resources, all of them contributing buildings.
History
Arsenal Courts is an apartment complex built by the United States Housing Authority from 1940 to 1941 to house defense workers at the Rock Island Arsenal. This was one of the earliest housing projects in Illinois funded by the agency. At that time, Rock Island was one of the country's largest arsenals and it manufactured munitions and military equipment. The construction of the apartments was an emergency measure brought by the onset of World War II. The arsenal was in need of more workers, but the area suffered from a housing shortage. The complex was designed by William Stuhr, a partner in the Rock Island architectural firm of Cervin & Stuhr. It was built by the Lovering Construction Company of St. Paul, Minnesota. After the war ended the need to house defense workers on this scale subsided, and the federal government ordered the Rock Island Housing Authority to change Arsenal Courts to low-income housing. After this time, as the workers at the Arsenal moved elsewhere, the area became known for its high crime rate. The city bought the complex in 1980 and planned to tear it down. They lost a class-action lawsuit and agreed to renovate the buildings and to replace the Rock Island Housing Authority with a new management firm. However, the low point for the complex occurred in 1993 when only 78 of its apartments were rented and a majority of the windows were boarded up.
Originally, the complex included 52 one- and two-story brick buildings with 305 units. Eleven of the buildings were torn down in 1995 to reduce density in the complex. The number of units has been reduced to 230. That same year, Arsenal Courts was renamed Century Woods. The Millennia Companies of Cleveland, Ohio acquired the complex in April 2019 after managing it for several years. A $14 million-plus renovation of the complex began in May 2019.
Architecture
The complex is composed of buildings that feature a simple, rectangular design. Most have a flat roof and lack ornamentation overall. The decorative details are found in the lattice-type porch columns and pedimented porch roofs. They were influenced by the Colonial Revival style. The interiors featured a number of configurations depending on the number of bedrooms and bathrooms. Arsenal Courts is located in a neighborhood that consists primarily of small, early 20th century, vernacular or bungalow style single-family houses. To the west is an industrial area that is separated from the complex by an expressway. The streets within the complex basically follow the city's street grid. In addition to the apartment buildings, there is also an administration building and the original storage building. The single-story Community Building constructed in the mid-1990s is outside of the historic district's boundaries.
References
Residential buildings completed in 1941
Historic districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
Residential buildings on the National Register of Historic Places in Illinois
National Register of Historic Places in Rock Island County, Illinois
Buildings and structures in Rock Island, Illinois
Colonial Revival architecture in Illinois
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去医院胃病挂什么科？胃病是常见的消化道疾病.看胃病一般要挂消化内科。胃病被称为是现代病，很多上班族由于日常饮食和生活作息的不规律容易导致胃病。其实早期胃病是很容易改善的，如果后期没有重视，那么后期就很容易引起其他胃肠疾病的发生。预防胃病有以下几方面：一、避免长期精神紧张人的各个神经长期处于紧绷状态，就会影响大脑皮层植物神经系统，使胃粘膜血管收缩，胃功能紊乱，胃酸和胃蛋白酶分泌过多，导致胃炎和溃疡发生。二、不要过度劳累不管是体力劳动还是脑力劳动，两者过度疲劳都会消耗体力或者脑力，会引起消化器官供血不足，胃粘膜分泌失调，从而导致种种胃病发生。三、拒绝饮食不规律饮食不规律同样对胃有很大的伤害，饥饿时胃粘膜分泌的胃酸和胃蛋白酶很容易伤害胃壁，导致急、慢性胃炎或溃疡发生。暴饮暴食会使胃壁过度扩张，食物在胃中停留时间过长，这也容易造成急、慢性胃炎或溃疡，甚至发生急性胃扩张、胃穿孔。四、吃饭细嚼慢咽吃饭时多进行咀嚼，慢慢的吞咽有助于护理肠胃。肠胃不好的人，少吃难消化的食物，如油腻食物、糯米等。饭后半小时是养胃的最佳时期，可以考虑蛹虫草山楂粉，有很好的缓解效果。五、不要酗酒嗜烟酒精会使胃粘膜发生充血水肿、甚至糜烂出血而形成溃疡。吸烟会引起胃粘膜血管收缩，使胃粘膜中的前列腺素合成减少，前列腺素是一种胃粘膜保护因子，它的减少会使胃粘膜受到伤害。要想有效的缓解胃病，或者是避免患上胃病的话，我们一定要在生活上进行一定的调整。比如，烟酒是能不沾就千万不要沾的，除此之外，如果家里边有一些患上胃病的人员的话，还要进行及时的隔离，避免胃病的传染。
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.name是互联网的通用顶级域之一，代表个人域名，主要面向个人用户注册，但事实上不限制注册者身份。.name域名于2001年获得ICANN批准并于2002年正式运作。
外部链接
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Revaz Davitadze (; born 16 October 1998) is a Georgian weightlifter.
Career
Davitadze competed at the men's 85 kg event at the 2018 European Weightlifting Championships in Bucharest, Romania, winning a gold medal at the snatch competition (163 kg), a silver medal at the clean and jerk competition (190 kg) and a gold medal for the total score (353 kg). He was the bronze medalist at the 2018 World Championships, and set the Junior World Records in the snatch and clean and jerk.
At the 2021 European Junior & U23 Weightlifting Championships in Rovaniemi, Finland, he won the silver medal in his event.
Major results
References
External links
1998 births
Living people
Male weightlifters from Georgia (country)
World Weightlifting Championships medalists
People from Sachkhere
Sportspeople from Imereti
European Weightlifting Championships medalists
21st-century people from Georgia (country)
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SCIRA is the acronym by which the Snipe Class International Racing Association is known. SCIRA is the governing body of the Snipe international class in the sport of sailing recognized by the International Sailing Federation.
History
SCIRA was established in November 1932, and Hub E. Isaacks of Snipe fleet number 1 at Dallas Sailing Club was the first commodore. In march, 1933, SCIRA chartered fleet number 8 to the Royal Cinque Ports Yacht Club in Dover Harbour, Kent, becoming the first fleet established outside the United States. By 1936, the Snipe Class became the world's largest racing class.
Board officers
Jerelyn Biehl, the paid, full time Executive Director, runs the Snipe Class International Racing Association (SCIRA) office.
The SCIRA Board of Governors holds bi-annual meetings, usually during the World Championship.
Commodores
Former SCIRA commodores:
References
Snipe (dinghy)
Snipe
International sports organizations
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Environmentalism in China consists of philosophical concepts and the movement within China with the goals of preserving its environment and addressing environmental issues.
Within the governing Chinese Communist Party (CCP), the concepts of ecological Marxism, eco-socialism, and ecological civilization are key elements of national environmental policy. These terms can be defined differently by various thinkers. Ecological Marxism is defined as the thought that capitalism accumulation has led to the eventual collapse of the environment through commodifying aspects of nature. Eco-socialism is like ecological Marxism but differs in the fact that it infuses traditional socialism with the environmental movement. Ecological civilization is the current term used by the Chinese government to explain their new environmental policy, yet whether it is considered radical or conservative is determined by who is analyzing the policy. While all these theories share similar foundations and views of the future, they are all theoretically different and view the methods to obtain their future differently. These theories have made an impact on China and the CCP in general on how they implement environmental protection and the language they use to describe the policies.
Theoretical overview
Ecological Marxism in China
Ecological Marxism emerged in 1979 in the book Western Marxism: An Introduction, Classical and Contemporary sources by Ben Agger. Though it has been discussed since then by a wide array of thinkers, there is no set definition of the term, but more a collection of varying ideas. The term is based on the idea that the effects of capitalist accumulation and growth on the environment will lead to eventual collapse and that commodifying nature is unmanageable. The term ecological Marxism can be misleading since many can believe it will have a lot of scientific influences. Rather, ecology in this theory is referring to movements and ideas about nature and how capitalism relates to it. It discusses the failure of capitalists in understanding of nature and seeing its sources as inexhaustible and the relentless pollution and degradation of these natural resources. James O'Connor explains that ecological Marxism is "the drive for the endless accumulation of capital—and the state apparatuses that support that drive—leads to the undermining of the very processes that enable the reproduction of capital." Capitalism is inherently anti-ecological because it rests upon the destruction of the surrounding environment for the sake of accumulation. This accumulation rests upon having an outlet of unethical actions, such as dumping, and pollution with no end in sight. Since capitalism sees its future as endless growth, the surrounding environment itself must create an endless access to extract resources and dump waste. Furthermore, the resources that allow capitalism to produce more are treated as commodities, yet these aren't real commodities. Described as 'fictitious commodities', nature cannot be given a money value and this absence of exchange value creates a violent appropriation of resources by the state and capitalists.
In China, ecological Marxism is being used as a guide to create a new ecological civilization. Yet while this theory may provide a basis for a new method of building China and protecting its environment, it has led to self-criticism of government policy or other nations' complicity in China's environmental record. Ecological Marxism is supposed to be the antidote to capitalist logic about endless accumulation and reveal the destructive policies capitalism has on the environment. China as a socialist country is posed to be able to implement this theory easier since it rests upon Marx's critiques of capital and free markets.
Ecological civilization
One main avenue ecological Marxism dives into is the creation of an ecological civilization. This idea is being pushed in China and the CCP as a way to solve the climate crisis. Ecological civilization tries to clarify the true meaning of civilization without the violent structure of capitalism, a utopic future. While ecological civilization does not have a set definition, this allows it to be interpreted in different ways on how it can be applied. This allows China, and possibly others, to claim it has achieved ecological civilization even if it hasn't to other theorists. China projects itself as a socialist country, able to take over the mantel of ecological Marxism and the future of ecological civilization. Currently, it engages in neoliberalism, which puts China at odds with this proposed future. The way they make policy is through socialist terms, but it engages in neoliberalism and market capitalism which puts it in an oxymoron situation.
Though the term emerged first in the Soviet Union in 1984, it was in China under Pan Yue, the vice-minister of China's state environmental protection administration, that is was promoted within the CCP and Chinese society. The idea of ecological civilization has been embraced by the government, as central policy objective, but this has been more surface level support. Under Pan Yue, he promoted the idea of "green GDP", which takes into account environmental damage to show that economic growth is really false. He goes on to further argue that to solve the global climate crisis, people need to be engaged and mobilized in public decision-making of how to solve it. Pan Yue believed the state is responsible in mobilizing its resources in fixing the climate crisis, with the public in control of the government to control the economy. Pan Yue was able to garner support with his use of Chinese traditional thought and history by "assert[ing] that Chinese tradition is eco-centric, endorsing ideas about an intrinsic harmony between humankind and nature." He uses this interpretation of Chinese tradition to contrast with the West, arguing, "Western tradition is essentially anthropocentric, placing humans in a dominant position vis-à-vis nature." By using traditional Chinese thought, particularly Confucianism, he claims that ecological civilization is in line with Chinese tradition that has been forgotten.
Ecological civilization in terms of China
Since 2007, ecological civilization has been incorporated into the CCP rhetoric, with Secretary General Jintao Hu's working report to the 17th National Congress naming ecological civilization as a main policy objective for the government. This would bleed into the 18th National Congress report by Secretary General Jintao Hu, where the implementation of an ecological civilization must be accelerated. This included reversing environmental pollution trends, more environmentally sustainable production systems, and ensuring global ecological security. To obtain the goals previously mentioned, implementation requires: revamping land-use patterns, promoting resource conservation, enhancing ecosystem protection, and supporting the growth of an eco-civilization system. Within five years, the CCP moved from language of support to policy objectives on how to implement ecological civilization. To the CCP, ecological civilization has become the logical next step in supporting the growth of socialism overall, while meeting the objectives of leading environmental reform in the world. For the Chinese government, "Eco-civilization emerged as a result of the political leadership's recognition of the magnitude of environmental and climate-related challenges that China is facing," and seeks to bring Chinese culture with socialism to address the problems of the climate crisis. Finally, while the Chinese government and intellectuals frame eco-civilization as a Chinese project, they also offer it as a solution for the rest of the world. Its focus on solving the climate crisis with continued economic growth, is appealing to any country that wishes to take the climate crisis seriously.
General Secretary Xi Jinping's relationship with ecological civilization
Since becoming General Secretary in 2012, Xi Jinping has led the response and direction of the CCP regarding ecological civilization. As General Secretary, and his previous leadership roles, he has championed eco-civilization, even coining a popular phrase: "clean waters and lush mountains are gold and silver." His theoretical viewpoint has 5 main points. First, its foundations start with Marxist philosophy, which centers upon the relationship between nature and humans. Second, it also builds upon traditional Chinese ecological thought on the ideas of unity of man and nature. Next, ecological civilization follows a progression of increasing environmental thought due to ecological crises. With the most looming crisis of all, the climate crisis, ecological civilization becomes a more radical approach to face this crisis. Fourth, the move toward sustainable development across the world, has pushed Xi to make a sustainable development plan that has Chinese characteristics and can lead the global movement. Lastly, it sustains the process of Sinification of socialism. To make this theory a real-life system, 5 reforms need to be taken as required by Xi Jinping. First, "an ecological cultural system to enhance the whole society's scientific and moral capability of ecological civilization under the guidance of ecological values." Secondly, the new economic system created should incorporate environmental assessment into the development of industrialization, forming the two into one being. Third, targets for ecological quality that sets a minimum of requirement. Fourth, the streamline of environmental law, legislation, and policy into one structure that complements the government. Fifth, a security of the environment that focuses on the prevention of disasters.
Eco-socialism in China
Ecological Marxism also spreads into the domain of ecological socialism, or eco-socialism, which seeks to be the antithesis to neoliberalism. Its critique of capitalism explores the way "capitalist production relationships influence or otherwise shape the productive forces (defined as land, energy, raw materials, technology, machinery, labor skills, work organization, and other means and objects of production and also as housing, transport, and other means and objects of reproduction or consumption). Eco-socialism takes traditional socialism and reforms it to include environmental issues, describing a utopian society of direct democracy, decentralization, communal ownership, and focus on the local stakeholder.
Eco-socialism research in China began in the 1980s and has focused on three main themes: Marx's and Engels thoughts on the relationship of nature and humans, Western eco-socialists and eco-socialists' analyses of socialism with Chinese characteristics. Ecological civilization in China has become the future utopia once industrial civilization has ended. Though it only can be thought of as the technical term for how to solve ecological problems with technological solutions, similar to the method the West has taken. Yet it can take a radical view that the centralization of the government by capitalism should be challenged by institutions that subordinate markets and empower individuals at the local level.
Ecological Marxism in use
To address environmental problems in the theoretical sphere, the three major political ecologies used are: national environmental protection policy, sustainable development strategy, and scientific concept of development.
Environmental protection national policy 1978–1991
In 1978, when China moved the political conscious from class struggle to economic construction, it, in turn, welcomed environmental protection. But economic modernization still gained priority when in competition with environmental protection.
Sustainable development strategy 1992–2001
This strategy was adopted when China was to attend the Rio summit, and to follow the international treaties on environmental protections, new national laws were made to meet the standards. This led to a new philosophy regarding economic development and environmental protection—both can be achieved at the same time if the economic goals are framed in environmentally safe methods.
Scientific concept of development/ecological Modernization, 2002 onwards
To ensure the Chinese economy achieves a highly competitive and long growth, it has to make plans to carry out a transformation focusing on scientific development that is still environmentally friendly. This would be the foundation for the ecological civilization that Jintao Hu put forth in 2007 and 2012 in the working paper to the National Congress. This new principle works upon the idea that economic growth that is centered upon environmental harm will not help long term and is a high cost for the environment.
Forest conservation in the Greater Khingan Range, China
The Greater Khingan Range has become a key area for forest conservation under the Natural Forest Conservation Program, which seeks to lower commercial logging amounts along with illegal logging. In the article "Eco-socialism and the political ecology of forest conservation in the Greater Khingan Range, China" by Kevin Lo Liyuan Zhu, he explores the effects that state-owned enterprises have over forest conservation through the lens of eco-socialism. By looking at conservation practices through an eco-socialist or political ecology lens, a cost–benefit analysis for the environment and the political social dynamics of the area can be evaluated. Political ecology "seeks to reveal the politics at work in distributing, managing, and redistributing access to natural resources, political ecology has been influential in explaining socio-ecological crises—especially in the developing world," Because nature has become commoditized, looking at the ways the forest has become politicized by different actors explains how nature and the government can either become a positive or negative feedback loop. Political ecology helps explain this phenomenon, coining the term political forest, which expresses "the nature of the denaturalized forest and reveal how different groups of actors compete for access to and benefit from natural resources."
The forestry sector is heavily populated with SOE's or state-owned enterprises. With the passing of the Natural Forest Conservation Program (NFCP) in 1998, this slowly changed how this area could make a profit from the SOE's. The program wished to put small incremental regulations that would allow the SOE to continue but not add to any existing environmental problems or disasters. Environmental problems in rural areas are seen by the government as caused by rural backwardness, and the use of SOEs as needed to mitigate these inefficiencies. The SOEs can use land enclosure and resettlement policies to enact programs in sync with government policies. The local community has become resistant to the new changes due to their trickle-down effect. Studies see the change from traditional practices to the market-based conservation intervention as hazardous to the resident's culture with nominal environmental benefits. But local officials are found to have greater control over the projects even if they are directed by the central government and SOEs on the overarching theme.
These SOEs are relics of the Mao era but have gone through changes in principles and structure. SOEs are more in tune with the market, being government-affiliated organizations that are focused on profits. Though they are affiliated with the government, not all SOEs function the same regarding environmental protections and reformation. SOEs that are in resource-based industries located in remote areas can exhibit the most control over government management regarding environmental policy. With China's move towards environmental protection and the forestry, SOEs have been restructured to hit the targets that the central government has put forth. Because they are sponsored by the state, they are given more benefits by the government to stay in business even through the restructuring process. The four reorganization processes the Liyuan Zhu identifies are "(1) declining timber sales and increasing central subsidies; (2) restructuring of work-units; (3) creating redundancies; and (4) developing new sustainable economic activities."
With the SOE in the area being the main employer, those that have been dismissed faced large issues in being able to stay in the area and contribute. Those that were still employed by the Huzhong Forestry Bureau took a pay cut but were able to improve on work conditions overall. Those that lost their job joined other millions in becoming migrant workers, which continued their financial instability. Additionally, eco-restructuring of the company became negatively viewed.
Declining timber sales and increasing central subsidies
The SOE focused on the article is Huzhong Forestry Bureau (HFZB) which, under the new guidelines by the government regarding forestation, was given subsidies for the loss of revenue and to carry over forest conservation. They received 1666.6 million yuan from the central government from 2011 to 2017. This ensures that the company does not have to go under and runs the same amount of profit even with decreasing timber sales.
Restructuring of work units
Workers that had originally been in work units that focused on logging, storage and management, delivery, processing, and the delivery of the processed product would be transferred to new work teams that focused on forest conservation policies, such as forest supervision teams, afforestation teams, and social welfare and fire protection teams.
Redundancies
While the government provides subsidies to help with the restructuring of the company, this still affects the employment of workers. Many were laid off, starting with the contract workers, due to lack of job security protection. But with each new period of more stringent forest protection, job layoffs would follow. Contract workers originally had no compensation until 2008, when they received a one-off compensation of 341 yuan per service year compared to permanent workers that received 800 yuan per service year, with an additional 5000 yuan per person.
New economic activities
Since the company could no longer fulfill its original purpose with the adoption of new forestry laws by the central government, the company worked to build an eco-tourism sector and the collecting and planting of non-timber forest products.
13th Five Year Plan 2016–2020
One of the main policies is a national zoning plan to determine land use functions; one of the subsidiaries of this is the ecological redline policy "whereby governments designate and enforce regulatory targets on ecosystem area at the landscape level, which is considered a 'lifeline' to protect ecosystem functioning for vital services." While China has over 10,000 protected areas that cover around 18% of the country, the ecological conservation redline areas will designate areas that are the bottom line of the area to keep them healthy and biodiverse. To ensure that the ecological conservation redlines are successful, reforms need to be made, including new legal mechanisms of protection, ecological assessments, conversation with local stakeholders, and performance targets with benchmarks and monitoring systems to determine the success of actions. At the moment, 15 provinces have created their ecological conservation redlines, accounting for about 25% of the total area of the provinces.
See also
Ministry of Ecology and Environment
Environmental policy in China
Anti-incinerator movement in China
Ecovillages in China
References
Eco-socialism
Economy of China
Marxism
Environmental policy in China
Socialism in China
China
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克拉克鎮區（）是位於美國阿肯色州格林縣的一個行政鎮區。
地方資料
克拉克鎮區的面積為83.22平方千米，當中陸地面積為83.05平方千米，而水域面積為0.17平方千米。根據2010年美國人口普查的數據，當地共有人口19443人，而人口密度為每平方千米233.63人。
參考文獻
阿肯色州鎮區
格林縣鎮區 (阿肯色州)
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Dirk Werner (born 25 May 1981 in Hannover, Lower Saxony) is a German Porsche factory racing driver.
Born in Hannover, Werner was 2007 and 2009 Grand-Am Rolex Sports Car Series champion for Farnbacher-Loles Racing driving a Porsche 911 and finished third in the GT Class in the 2011 American Le Mans Series season. Werner has scored podiums various high level endurance races, including the 24 Hours of Daytona, 24 Hours of Spa, 24 Hours of Nürburgring, 12 Hours of Sebring and Petit Le Mans.
Since 2010, Werner is a BMW works driver, and has competed at the 24 Hours of Le Mans, the Le Mans Series and the Intercontinental Le Mans Cup in addition to the American Le Mans Series.
In 2012, he would become one of the six BMW drivers in its return to the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters after two decades of absence.
Racing record
Complete Porsche Supercup results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
† — Did not finish the race but was classified as he completed over 90% of the race distance.
‡ Not eligible for points
24 Hours of Daytona results
Britcar 24 Hour results
24 Hours of Le Mans results
Complete DTM results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position) (Races in italics indicate fastest lap)
Complete FIA World Endurance Championship results
Complete WeatherTech SportsCar Championship results
(key) (Races in bold indicate pole position; results in italics indicate fastest lap)
References
External links
1981 births
Living people
Sportspeople from Hanover
Racing drivers from Lower Saxony
German racing drivers
24 Hours of Daytona drivers
Rolex Sports Car Series drivers
Porsche Supercup drivers
Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters drivers
Blancpain Endurance Series drivers
WeatherTech SportsCar Championship drivers
24 Hours of Spa drivers
Britcar 24-hour drivers
24H Series drivers
GT World Challenge America drivers
Porsche Motorsports drivers
Schnitzer Motorsport drivers
BMW M drivers
Rahal Letterman Lanigan Racing drivers
Rowe Racing drivers
Nürburgring 24 Hours drivers
Porsche Carrera Cup Germany drivers
Manthey Racing drivers
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顺产肛裂的治疗方法？生产的过程非常的艰辛痛苦，但是为了迎接宝宝的到来再大的痛苦妈妈们也是无怨无悔，可见母爱的伟大。尤其是顺产过后身体会出现一系列的不良反应，很多宝妈在顺产后都会出现肛裂的情况，在临床中非常的普遍。那么顺产后肛裂怎么办？下面我们来介绍下：1、在生产中用力过猛都会导致肛裂的现象，肛裂会带来剧烈疼痛，进一步导致不愿排便，时间长了就会引起便秘的现象对于病情更加的不利。同时可以用温水坐浴,保持局部清洁.其次调整饮食使大便松软,润滑以利排便.多吃蔬菜水果纠正便秘.通过药物以及饮食的调整很快便会有所改变，这个时期一定要保持心态，多喝水。2、出现这种情况建议用温水或者金玄痔科熏洗剂坐浴十五分钟，可以戴上一次性手套，一只手扒开一边的肉，让肛门有点缝隙，另一只的手指带着药膏抹进去一两个厘米深，一定要抹到疼得地方。不要用棉棒，药棉吸药，它也太细容易从肛门中间进入，裂口上抹不到药。另外忌酒忌辛辣刺激性食物，每天适量蔬菜水果膳食纤维，保持大便通畅，最好每天排一次成形软便。3、便秘是肛裂的主要症状之一，也是肛裂形成的主要原因，可通过增加膳食纤维食物或药物补充维生素等方法软化大便，保持大便通畅。大便秘结可加用润肠通便药物，服用益生菌类。通过以上的介绍，相信大家已有所了解，希望对大家有所帮助，顺产后出现肛裂的可能性很大，但是可以通过有效的措施进行缓解。期间不仅要注意卫生问题，更要采取调整饮食，多喝水，加速新陈代谢可以更好的促进肛裂的恢复。同时建议大家在怀孕期间就要注重饮食，与生活规律，良好的身体是抵抗疾病的重要因素。
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千葉麗子，日本女實業家、瑜珈講師、右翼活動家、前演員、前配音員、前偶像藝人。暱稱「」。
已婚。出身於福島縣福島市。以前隸屬於TEAND WAVE。
現在居住於福岡縣糸島市。
來歷、人物
1991年在演藝界出道，並作為偶像團體的成員活動。
1992年年僅17歲於「超級戰隊系列」第16作《恐龍戰隊獸連者》中飾演媚／翼手龍連者Ptera Ranger引起關注。
擁有其豐富的電腦知識，早期經常出現在電腦雜誌和網絡相關雜誌上，因此被稱為網絡偶像（）。因為對個人電腦產生興趣，所以在當時所屬的經紀公司擁有一台，並在EYE-NET和上有自己的論壇，用個人電腦交流和粉絲互動。
1995年5月離開演藝界，改行擔任遊戲公司的一般職員。
1998年9月21日，與音效設計師DJ KIRIJA結婚，次年9月生下第一子（長男）。第二年開始學習當瑜伽講師。
2002年取得瑜珈講師認證，並於2004年7月在電視節目NHK教育《》中擔任瑜珈講座。
2018年1月開始在連載《》。
作品
著書
《》（小林宗明 共著，竹書房，1996年 ISBN 978-4812400456）
《》（「NHK趣味悠悠」日本放送出版協會，1997年 ISBN 978-4141882398）
《》（雙葉社，1998年 ISBN 978-4575289107）
《》（，1998年 ISBN 978-4766781625）
《》（學研，2005年 ISBN 978-4056038934）
《》（橋本真由美 共著，MAGAZINE HOUSE，2007年 ISBN 978-4838717484）
《》（，2007年 ISBN 978-4898147627）
《》（扶桑社，2008年 ISBN 978-4594057954）
《》（，2009年 ISBN 978-4806135708）
《》（TJ Mook，2008年8月 ISBN 978-4796665667）
《》（祥傳社，2009年 ISBN 978-4396314835）
《》（監修：， Lettuceclub Mook，2009年 ISBN 978-4827544084）
《》（封面插圖、對談：，，2016年 ISBN 978-4792605469）
《》（封面插圖：、對談：櫻井誠，青林堂，2016年 ISBN 978-4792605735）
《》（監修：，，2017年 ISBN 978-4584137758）
《》（倉山滿、杉田水脈 共著，，2017年 ISBN 978-4828419749）
《》（青林堂，2017年 ISBN 978-4792606114）
《》（共著，，2018年 ISBN 978-4886564566）
連載
（，2018年1月17日－）
寫真集
《》（1993年4月10日，浪漫新社，尾形正茂攝影）ISBN 978-4764817111）
《EAST WIND 》（1993年10月10日，浪漫新社，尾形正茂攝影 ISBN 978-4847023361）
《THROUGH IT》（1994年9月10日，，攝影 ISBN 978-4796201889）
《Chiba Chiba》（1996年12月13日，鑽石社 ISBN 978-4478950197）
《Chibarei》（2001年11月7日，Aquahouse，攝影 ISBN 978-4860460334）
《WITHIN》（2010年7月30日，竹書房，攝影 ISBN 978-4812442814）
DVD
《》（，2002年2月）
《千葉麗子 WITHIN》（竹書房，2010年8月）
《》（，2004年10月 ISBN 978-4902484465）
《》（TJ Mook，2004年7月 ISBN 978-4796642200）
CD
《》（東芝EMI，1993年4月）
《Non Stop！One Way Love ～餓狼傳說SPECIAL主題曲～》（Pony Canyon ，1994年4月）
《BRAND NEW SPIRITS》（Pony Canyon，1994年12月）
《P-》（Pony Canyon，1994年11月）
《NEO GEO GALS Vocal Collection》（Pony Canyon，1996年6月）
《Good Morning VIOLIN DANCE played by NAOrchestra》（Vaundy，2011年9月）
演出
情報、綜藝節目
富士電視台
（1993年）
（1994年）
Revolution No.8（1994年）－主持人
（1994年）
其它電視台
虎之門（2002年，朝日電視台）－主持人
網路
「」
電視劇
朝日電視台
超級戰隊系列
恐龍戰隊獸連者（1992年2月－1993年2月）－媚／翼手龍連者Ptera Ranger
忍者戰隊隱連者 第25話（1994年2月－1995年2月）－麗花〈客串〉
富士電視台
一個屋簷下（1993年4月－6月）－桑名詩織
（1994年1月－3月）－野村梨沙子
結婚萬歲 第3話（2009年4月20日－2009年6月29日）－瑜珈講師〈客串〉
真人電影
獸電戰隊強龍者 VS Go Busters 恐龍大決戰！ 再見永遠的朋友啊（2014年）－翼手龍連者Ptera Ranger〈配音〉
電視動畫
1994年
SAMURAI SPIRITS ～破天降魔之章～（娜可露露）
OVA
1994年
（倫）
（1994～1995，）
電影動畫
1994年
（千葉麗子〈客串〉）
遊戲
1994年
真侍魂 霸王丸地獄變（）
1996年
侍魂 天草降臨 SPECIAL（查姆查姆）
1997年
（查姆查姆）
1998年
模擬大樓II（VIP演出）
2002年
格鬥天王EX 新血（葉花萌）
外語配音
動畫
廣播節目
日本放送
（1994年10月－1995年3月）－節目助理
（1995年）－主持人
千葉麗子的All Night Nippon 餓狼傳說SPECIAL（1995年7月15日）－主持人
其它電台
SNK一擊！NEO電台（1993年，MBS）－主持人
（2012年，日經電台）－週一常駐
廣告
（1993年）
大正製藥 CL-1（1993年）
日清食品 （1993年）
雀巢日本（雀巢麥金托什→→現在社名）雀巢果仁巧克力（1993年）
（1993年）
販促用海報中演出。
SNK Neo Geo CD（1994年）
（1996年）
大塚製藥 （2005年）
舞台
1999年：（的配音）
腳註
參考文獻
《A.A. Game History Series Vol.2 -All About SNK 1991－2000-》，Studio BentStuff (編輯、發行)、 (販售)，2000年12月15日發行，第355頁 ISBN 978-4-885-54677-8
注釋
參考來源
外部連結
株式會社Cherry Ba公式官網官網 （千葉麗子作為代表服務的數位內容初創企業）
－千葉麗子的官方個人部落格（2011年1月之後非由本人執筆）。
日本女性電視藝人
日本女演員
日本女性企業家
日本電視主持人
日本女歌手
日本女配音員
日本反核電活動家
福島縣出身人物
大阪市出身人物
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婴儿痤疮应该怎么治疗？一般而言，婴儿脸上的“青春痘”在出生数周后可自行消退，且不留任何痕迹，但由于新生儿面部皮肤极其娇嫩，如果对这些皮疹护理不当，会使其感染化脓，愈后会形成凹凸不平的小坑或疤痕。因此要认真对待。本病病因未明，新生儿、婴儿期的痤疮是来自母体血液中的激素所致，而儿童期痤疮大多与遗传因素有关。婴儿期痤疮是指在4周以后才发生皮损，也包括由新生儿期迁延而来者。儿童期痤疮是指在2岁以后发生皮损，也可由婴儿期延续而来，较少见，多为男孩，大多有中、重度痤疮家族史。以较轻的寻常性痤疮皮疹居多，病程从数年到周年不等。皮疹发生在出生后数天至4周以内，主要发生在面颊、额及颏部，以丘疹和脓疱为主，偶见黑头粉刺，少见结节和囊肿。丘疹、脓疱和黑头粉刺一般在数周内消退。婴儿期痤疮是指在4周以后才发生皮损，也包括由新生儿期迁延而来者。儿童期痤疮是指在2岁以后发生皮损，也可由婴儿期延续而来，较少见，多为男孩，大多有中、重度痤疮家族史。以较轻的寻常性痤疮皮疹居多，病程从数年到周年不等。婴儿出现痤疮一定要注意，不能随便的乱使用药物，因为乱使用药物很容易对皮肤造成一定的影响，宝宝的皮肤还没有完全的成长好，可以到附近的一家医院的皮肤科进行检查，在确诊之后再针对性的进行治疗。平时要注意不能让宝宝的皮肤沾水。婴儿痤疮后，切忌患儿家长自作主张，尽快带孩子治疗，否则胡乱治疗会给孩子带来严重的后果。家长给孩子护理时要注意宝宝皮肤卫生。用温水给宝宝洗脸，洗脸毛巾要柔软，不要过度用力，轻轻搓洗后冲净，用洁净柔软干毛巾吸干脸上的水，以免造成宝宝皮肤损伤。
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怀孕1个月打胎的费用？对于有性生活的女性来说，如果月经推迟还没有来，那么就需要注意是否怀孕了。而一旦确定怀孕又不想要孩子，那么就需要及时打胎。怀孕一个月打胎的费用主要是和打胎方式有关，如果是采取药物打胎，那么通常只需要三四百元，如果是人工手术打胎，那么就需要两三千元。其次是和选择的医院有关，尽量去大型正规医院做打胎手术，这样不但收费有保障，而且手术危险性也比较低。打胎的方式。在怀孕一个月的时候，可以通过两种方式来完成打胎。第一种就是药物流产，药物流产是所有打胎方式中费用最低的一种，通常只需要三四百元左右。但同样药物流产很容易流不干净，同时会给女性带来巨大的疼痛感，而且也容易留下病根，因此不到万不得已尽量不要选择药物流产。第二种就是人工手术流产，人工手术流产，比起药物流产的好处就是要快一些，而且流的比较干净，对子宫的危害相对也会少一些。同样正是因为人工手术流产比起药物流产的优点要多，所以价格也会高很多，通常需要两三千元左右。打胎的医院。医院的收费是否正规，也决定着打胎的费用多少。如果在正规医院做打胎手术，那么即使是采取人工手术的方式，费用也就两三千元左右。但如果是在非正规的医院做打胎手术，那么价格将远远高于正规医院的手术价格。而且受到手术环境，医生经验等方面的限制，很容易出现医疗事故。所以小编建议，想要做打胎手术的女性，一定要去正规医院做手术，不要轻易听信低价广告宣传，否则到时候花了钱又伤身就后悔莫及了。打胎的费用主要是和打胎的方式，以及医院收费这两方面有关。如果没有条件生孩子，那么在过性生活的时候，就尽量做好保险措施，避免让自己意外怀孕。因为意外怀孕以后就需要打胎，打胎需要花钱不说，最主要的是伤身。术后也一定要注意营养的补充，卧床休息一段时间。
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洪家疃是位于安徽省巢湖市黄麓镇的一个自然村。该村历史悠久，始建于明朝初年，是洪武大移民所产生的徽州移民村落。村内徽派建筑古色古香，九龙攒珠的建筑格局精巧别致。洪家疃也是著名将领张治中先生的故乡。张治中先生一手创办的黄麓师范学校坐落于村侧。2013年，洪家疃被评为安徽省特色景观旅游名村。2014年，入选第三批中国传统村落名录。2016年，洪家疃古村落被评选为国家3A级旅游景区。
历史
江淮流域在南宋至元朝数百年的征战之后，稼穑不修，遍地疮痍。为此，明朝朱元璋皇帝发动了规模浩大的洪武大移民，发动人口稠密地区的人民到荒芜的土地上开垦耕作。其中就包括从徽州移民到江淮流域的部分。来自徽州的徐氏、黄氏和庄氏在西黄山脚下修筑了一座水坝，并居住在水坝旁，称为“徐家坝”。徐家坝就是洪家疃的最早期的雏形。
到了清代，徐家坝的庄氏，由于族人触犯了朝廷，因此举族迁离了徐家坝。此时，洪氏家族开始迁入徐家坝。村庄名称也由徐家坝变成了洪家疃。随后，东部小村的张氏也慢慢迁入。洪氏和张氏逐渐发展成为洪家疃最具规模的家族。至近代，洪家疃已发展成为西黄山脚下最大的村落。
1928年，张治中将军在村庄北侧建立起了“黄麓学校”。1933年，为了培养师资力量，又在村东的山岗上建立起了“安徽省立黄麓简易乡村师范学校”。随着黄麓乡师办学的发展，洪家疃随之成了全国乡村教育示范区的核心。
参考资料
巢湖市
古村落
国家3A级旅游景区
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墨泉是山东省济南市“七十二名泉”之一，位于县级市章丘境内的百脉泉泉群。
简介
泉眼位于章丘市百脉泉公园内，龙泉寺西南侧，百脉泉西南约30米处。墨泉为一钻孔喷泉，1966年建，孔口直径0.4米。泉水出自深部奥陶纪时期石灰岩岩熔裂隙，泉水盛水期涌量1.2 ，正常年份流量0.3,很少出现断流，由于喷涌量很大，形成“一泉成河”的奇观。
由于泉水自地壳深层上涌，因而冬暖夏凉，常年恒温在16～18℃，水中富含矿物质和微量元素，水质接近天然矿泉水。
名字来由
泉口因当初钻井留下铸铁管黑色（参看深井钻探方法），泉眼颜色深如墨汁，故名“墨泉”。但一涌入石渠，恢复原来颜色。当代著名书法家法家舒同，在章丘工作时便住在墨泉之侧，墨泉上的题字便是他的手迹。
墨泉水一流出石渠，即变成银白色，向北流去，与济南七十二名泉之一的百脉泉汇融一起。
参看
七十二名泉
济南
外部链接
济南时报2005－06－08采访手记
章丘区
七十二名泉
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5岁宝宝脸上有白斑咋办？小孩脸上长白斑首先要明确病因，出现白斑的因素有很多，比如说真菌感染之后形成的花斑癣或者是单纯糠疹，也有可能是遗传因素导致的白癜风，不同的疾病处理方式不同。所以如果小孩面部出现白斑，建议到正规三甲医院皮肤科当面就诊，可以进行一些相关的检查，比如伍德灯照射，真菌镜检等这些手段进行检查，确诊是哪一种白斑，然后再进行相应的治疗。5岁宝宝脸上有白斑通常是白色糠疹，白色糠疹表现一个圆形或者类圆形的皮疹，是平的不突出皮面，仔细看表面可能还会有一些少许的脱屑，目前对于白色糠疹的病因和发病机制研究的还不是特别清楚，但是可以肯定的是它不是因为寄生虫引起的。白色糠疹宝宝护理要注意给宝宝防晒，因为阳光剧烈照射宝宝皮肤有可能会造成损伤，出门的时候要给宝宝注意涂上防晒霜，或者做好遮挡，避免宝宝皮肤进一步损伤。平时注意给宝宝涂润肤膏，注意宝宝的营养均衡就可以了。白斑尽量少食用一些富含维生素C比较多的水果和蔬菜，比如苹果、橘子、猕猴桃、葡萄等等，同时应该多吃一些富含酪氨酸及含铜、铁、锌等微量元素多的的食物，比如黑米、黑芝麻、动物的内脏、瘦肉等等，同时也应该少吃一些辛辣刺激性的食物，比如鱼、虾、蟹及辣椒、酒等等，同时也应该避免一些刺激，比如接触一些化学物质及避免外伤，因为这些都可以导致白斑的面积扩大，禁止熬夜。皮肤出现瘙痒症状，禁止用手抓挠。出门时做好防晒工作，避免紫外线照射。在医生的指导下按时按剂量服用对症药物，坚持医治。
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小儿β地中海贫血的预防和治疗方法？【治疗】 重型地中海贫血，高量输血联合除铁治疗是基本的治疗措施。造血干细胞移植(包括骨髓、外周血、脐血)是根治本病的惟一临床方法，有条件者应争取尽早行根治手术。轻型地中海贫血不需治疗，注意休息和营养，积极预防感染。适当补充叶酸和维生素E。中间型地中海贫血应避免感染和使用过氧化性药物，中度贫血伴脾肿大者可做切脾手术，一般不输血，但遇感染，应激，手术等情况下，可适当予浓缩红细胞输注。 1.输浓缩红细胞：目前重要疗法之一。 A)低量输血：仅适用于中间型和地贫，不主张用于重型地贫，单纯的输血或输红细胞最终导致血色病。中等量输血疗法，使血红蛋白维持在60～70g/L。实践证明，这种输血方法虽然使重型患者有望摆脱近期死亡的威胁，但患者的生存质量随年龄增长越来越差。相当一部分患者于第2个十年内因脏器功能衰竭而死亡。 B)高量输血：以使患儿生长发育接近正常和防止骨骼病变。先反复输浓缩红细胞，使患儿血红蛋白含量达120～140g/L，然后每隔3～4周Hb80～90g/L时输注浓缩红细胞10～15ml/kg，使Hb含量维持在100g/L以上。 其优点是纠正机体缺氧;减少肠道吸收铁;抑制脾肿大;纠正患儿生长发育缓慢状态。但本法容易导致含铁血黄素沉着症，故应同时给予铁鳌合剂治疗。 2.脾切除术： 可致免疫功能减弱，应在5～6岁以后施行并严格掌握适应证。中度/重度贫血(Hb<80g/L)无黄疸的HbH患病者，行切脾术疗效极佳，可使Hb上升至90～110g/L，若术前Hb>80g/L或慢性溶血性黄疸者，切脾常无效。 对重型地中海贫血，脾切除一般无效。重型地贫伴脾功能亢进者，行脾切除能减少对输血的需要量，并减轻体内铁负荷。但切脾面临着发生严重感染等致命并发症的危险，故脾切除应有严格的指征：输血量、 一般年龄应在5岁以上，伴有脾功能亢进（红细胞破坏增加，持续的白细胞或血小板减少）、巨脾引起压迫症状。有学者认为，脾脏正常患者每年每公斤体重的输血商>1，可作为临床判断早期脾功能亢进的指标。 脾大部分栓塞治疗(PSE)：由于脾脏为重要的免疫器官，为避免脾切除后继发性免疫功能低下和凶险的感染，有学者提出脾大部分栓塞治疗(PSE)代替脾切除，Politis等对比了PSE与脾切除术后5年的追踪随访资料，结果显示两组病人输血量较前都有减少，但PSE组血中IgM浓度明显高于脾切除组，且感染的发生率也明显低于后者。但有资料显示PSE对中间型地贫效果较满意，对重型地贫的疗效不满意，可能与重型地贫粗大颗粒的红细胞包涵体主要在骨髓破坏有关。以上2种手术后均可导致肝脏代偿性溶血，引起明显肝大、纤维化加重。 3.铁螯合剂 因长期高量输血、骨髓红细胞造血旺盛，以及胃肠道铁吸收的增加，常导致体内铁超负荷易合并血色病，损害心肝、肾及内分泌器官功能。当患者体内的铁累积到20g以上时，则可出现明显的中毒表现，故应予铁螯合剂治疗，通常在规则输注红细胞 1 年或 10～20 单位后进行铁负荷评估，如有铁超负荷(例如 SF >1000g/L)、则开始应用铁鳌合剂。1岁内使用铁螯合剂，其副作用如骨骼畸形、生长抑制的发生率明显升高，一般主张2～3岁后或患儿接受10～20次输血后并有铁负荷过重的证据，血清铁(SF)>1000g/L，血清转铁蛋白完全饱和才开始除铁治疗。当前临床广泛使用的是去铁胺(Deferoxamine，DFO)， 可以增加铁从尿液和粪便排出，但不能阻止胃肠道对铁的吸收。剂量：20～50mg/(kg.d)，加注射用水或生理盐水用便携式输液泵每天(或每晚)腹壁皮下注射8～12h，每周连用5～6天，或加入等渗葡萄糖液中静滴8～12小时;每周5～7天，长期应用。用药前后应作SF、尿铁的监测。若SF>3000g/L或者有铁负荷继发心脏病时，可予DFO 50～70mg/(kg.d)持续24h静脉滴注。使用铁整合剂时加用维生素C口服可增加尿中铁的排泄量1倍。但维生素 C可将铁从储备部位动员出来并通过氧化代谢间接影响心肌细胞，故在重度铁负荷时不宜使用大剂量维生素 C，一般每天口服100～200mg。在停用DFO期间也不应坚持服维生素 C。长期使用DFO一般无明显的毒副作用，注射局部反应、皮疹、疼痛，无需停药。但铁负荷轻者使用大剂量DFO可出现白内障、听力丧失、长骨生长障碍等，应引起临床重视。 近十年来，国外一系列新型口服铁螯合剂如defefipone(L1)、多价阴离子胺(the poly anionicanine，HBED)，多价氮替代物(the substituted poly aza compounox TR coll)、PIH等相继问世，在动物实验中已证实长期服用能有效地降低机体铁负荷，但只有L1试用于人体。 通过高量输血与除铁治疗可维持患者正常生长发育及达到正常人的生活质量及寿命，但必须终身承受沉重的经济负担，可能的输血相关合并症及心理负担。 4.异基因造血干细胞移植(HSCT) 目前能根治重型地贫的方法，包括骨髓移植(BMT)、脐血移植(UCBT)、外周血造血干细胞移植(PBSCT)和宫内造血干细胞移植(IUSCT)。如有 HLA 相配的造血干细胞供者;应作为治疗重型地贫的首选方法。迄今，全世界已成功开展HSCT 1200例，其中BMT达1000余例，PBSCT 10例，UCBT约30例，IUSCT 2例。目前IUSCT成功所需单个有核细胞数、移植的最佳胎龄、植入后的状态等尚需进一步深入研究。研究发现，重型地贫的HSCT有其自身的特点。 A)受体的选择：移植前病者应做危险因素评分：去铁胺应用史（“0”分为规则使用，即经1次规则输血后18个月开始，每周至少5天，皮下输注持续8～10h。“1”分为不规则使用，未达上述任一标准）、肝大（“0”分为肝活检无纤维化。“1”分为纤维化）。将其分为3类：类（0分），类（1～2分），类（3分）。 BMT效果顺序为>>类;无病存活率分别为85%、80%、53%，纤维化及铁负荷是重要危险因素。 B)供体选择： 血缘相关HLA全相合的供体：同胞HLA相合供体BMT可治愈80%的重型地贫，但仅25%～30%患者可找到HLA相合的家系成员供体。 血缘相关HLA不全相合(包括同胞、双亲)或单倍体相合供体：生存率及无病生存率分别为58%和26%，排斥率41%，总病死率44%。因此，找不到HLA相合供体，且无法接受输血及去铁治疗者，才考虑进行此类移植。 非血缘相关(UD)供体：Dihi报道3例地贫UD-BMT：1例植活，1例回复地贫状态，1例死于移植物抗宿主病(GVHD);Miano报告8例，4例成功，3例排斥，1例死亡。发生排斥是此类移植面临的主要问题。IUSCT近年已有成功报道。1996年Touraine等用胎肝造血干细胞宫内移植治疗2例宫内确诊为地贫胎儿，1例死亡，1例生下无病生存已达4年久。但Monni等用父亲骨髓CD34细胞经胎儿腹腔注射治疗1例胎龄为10周的重型B地贫胎儿未获成功。 5.基因治疗 从分子水平上纠正致病基因的表达，即基因治疗。应用化学药物可增加 基因表达或减少基因表达，以改善地贫的状，已用于临床的药物有经基脲、5 -氮杂胞苷(5～AZC)、阿糖胞苷、马利兰、异烟肼等。中间型效果明显，重症者一般用药初期效果明显，随治疗时间延长，效果渐差。人们正对这种药物调控基因的机制深入研究，从而加深对珠蛋白基因表达的遗传调控的认识。 其途径有以下两点： A）将正常的珠蛋白的基因导入患者的造血干细胞，以纠正地贫的遗传缺陷。需解决：转移的外源珠蛋白基因能在细胞和整体达到高度表达；必须分离、纯化获得用于基因传导的人类造血干细胞；基因与基因之间表达协同一致性。此外，转导的外源性基因必须随珠蛋白基因系统在个体发育过程中适时表达仍处于实验研究阶段。 B）采用某些药物调节珠蛋白基因的表达：采用某些药物调节珠蛋白基因的表达以平衡、珠蛋白的肽链水平。目前临床应用以调节珠蛋白基因表达的药物有白消安(马利兰)，羟基脲，丁酸盐，阿糖胞苷(Ara-C)，红细胞生成素(Epo)和异烟肼(雷米封)等。其中羟基脲(Hu)应用及实验研究较多。羟基脲(Hu)是一种低毒和可有效增加珠蛋白链和珠蛋白链合成，从而导致血液学和临床症状明显改善，羟基脲(Hu)治疗的剂量及方法：5天疗法：50mg/(kg.d)×5天为1个疗程。10～30mg/(kg.d)，连用3周为1个疗程，或25～50mg/(kg.d)×5～7天为1个疗程。有学者采用15～20mg/(kg.d)连续用药方法。主要对某些地贫基因缺陷类型有效：28/654-2或-28/41-42双重杂合子，-28纯合子。IVS-2-654 CT突变中间型-地贫。HbE/-28双重杂合子。5～7天显效，Hb上升水平20～45g/L。 【预后】 -地中海贫血重型并发症常是导致患儿死亡的重要原因，如不治疗，多于5岁前死亡。中间型和轻型地中海贫血正确处理可长期存活。
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法國沒有法定的國徽，但常用的徽號在1912年開始於外交場合採用，並在1953年呈交聯合國。圖案包括了一面兩頭飾以獅子和鷹頭、中間書法國國名縮寫「RF」的盾，後為象徵權威的束棒、和平的橄欖和堅忍的橡樹枝條。另外中央政府和各省政府使用的徽號以法國國旗、玛丽安娜和自由、平等、博愛為主題的徽號（1999年啟用）。
历代国徽
纹章
其他国徽
參見
（法國官方大紋章）
（1999年起啟用）
法国国家象征
F
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沙沃尔奈（，）是法国东部安省的一个旧市镇，属于贝莱区。2019年，沙沃尔奈与临近的3个市镇合并为新市镇瓦尔罗梅地区阿尔维耶尔。
地理
沙沃尔奈（）面积，位于法国奥弗涅-罗讷-阿尔卑斯大区安省，该省份为法国东部省份，北起汝拉省，西北接索恩-卢瓦尔省，西接罗讷省和里昂大都会，南至伊泽尔省，东与萨瓦省、上萨瓦省和瑞士接壤。
与沙沃尔奈接壤的市镇（或旧市镇、城区）包括：。
沙沃尔奈的时区为UTC+01:00、UTC+02:00（夏令时）。
行政
沙沃尔奈的邮政编码为，INSEE市镇编码为。
政治
沙沃尔奈所属的省级选区为。
人口
沙沃尔奈于时的人口数量为人。
参见
安省市镇列表
参考文献
C
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Fuchs角膜内皮营养不良的预防和治疗方法？预防：目前暂无相关资料。
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东苏林场，是中国内蒙古自治区通辽市科尔沁左翼中旗下辖的一个类似乡级单位。
行政区划
东苏林场共辖以下地区：
一分场、二分场、三分场、四分场、五分场。
内蒙古林场 (行政区划)
通辽类似乡级单位
科尔沁左翼中旗行政区划
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Pekka Antero Leimu (born 11 April 1947) is a Finnish former ice hockey center and Olympian.
Leimu played with Team Finland at the 1968 Winter Olympics held in Grenoble, France. He previously played for Ilves Tampere in SM-Liiga.
References
1947 births
Living people
Ice hockey players at the 1968 Winter Olympics
Olympic ice hockey players for Finland
Ice hockey people from Tampere
Ilves players
Finnish ice hockey centres
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尼蒂娅·克里欣达·马赫斯瓦里（，）是印尼女子羽毛球運動員。
簡歷
2010年11月，马赫斯瓦里代表印尼出戰廣州亞運會，參加羽毛球比賽的女子團體及女子雙打項目，奪得女團銅牌。
主要比賽成績
只列出曾進入準決賽的國際賽事成績：
奧運會和世錦賽參賽紀錄
參考資料
外部連結
印尼羽毛球運動員
2010年亞洲運動會銅牌得主
2014年亞洲運動會羽毛球運動員
2014年亞洲運動會金牌得主
印尼奧運羽毛球運動員
2016年夏季奧林匹克運動會羽毛球運動員
世界大學運動會羽球獎牌得主
印尼亚洲运动会金牌得主
印尼亚洲运动会铜牌得主
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Club Atlético de Madrid Femenino (commonly known as Atlético Madrid Women or Atleti Femenino) is a Spanish women's football team based in Madrid that play in Liga F. It is the women's section of Atlético Madrid.
History
Atlético Madrid had a women's team for the first time in the late 1980s. They won the national league in 1990 and were second the following year, but just like Atlético's handball team, they were disbanded in the early 1990s. Most players joined CD Oroquieta Villaverde, which became one of Spain's leading teams.
The team was re-established in 2001 though they did not become an official section of the club until 2005. After playing three seasons in regional leagues, between 2004 and 2006 Atlético earned two successive promotions to reach the top category. Quickly consolidating themselves in the top half of the table, they secured fourth place in 2009–10.
On 7 October 2015, Atlético made their UEFA Women's Champions League debut. In the round of 32, they eliminated Zorky Krasnogorsk, but in the round of 16, they were swept aside by Olympique Lyon, eventual winners of the competition. On 26 June 2016, Atlético Madrid won a first major trophy after beating FC Barcelona 3–2 in the final of the Copa de la Reina.
On 20 May 2017, Atlético achieved the title after beating Real Sociedad in the last round by 2–1. The Colchoneras ended the season without losses.
In March 2019, the club broke the European record for attendance at a women's football match with 60,739 spectators at the Metropolitano Stadium for a league fixture, a 2–0 loss to FC Barcelona (beating a mark set a few months earlier by Athletic Bilbao, in a Copa de la Reina fixture against Atlético).
Competition record
Atlético Villa de Madrid
Atlético Féminas
Club Atlético Madrid
Honours
Primera División: 4
1989–90 (as Atlético Villa de Madrid), 2016–17, 2017–18, 2018–19
Copa de la Reina: 2
2015–16, 2022–23
Supercopa de España: 1
2020–21
Players
Current squad
From Reserve team
Former players
Reserves and youth teams
In addition to the first team, seven other sub-teams are part of the club:
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'B' that plays in the national Primera División B.
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'C' that plays at the Madrid Preferential category, the third category of women's football at the national level.
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'D' that plays at the Madrid Regional category, the fourth category of women's football at the national level.
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'E' that plays at the cadet of the Community of Madrid, girls under 16 years.
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'F' that plays at the cadet of the Community of Madrid, girls under 16 years.
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'G' that plays at football mode 7 in the junior category of the Community of Madrid, girls under 14 years.
Atletico Madrid Féminas 'H' that plays in football mode 7 in the junior category of the Community of Madrid, girls under 14 years.
References
External links
At. Madrid Official website
UEFA profile
Madrid Football Federation profile
Women's football clubs in Spain
Atlético Madrid
2001 establishments in Spain
Liga F clubs
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P. J. O'Connell (born 1970 in O'Callaghan's Mills, County Clare) is a former Irish sportsperson. He played hurling with his local club O'Callaghan's Mills and was a member of the Clare senior inter-county team in the 1980s and 1990s. O'Connell won two All-Ireland titles with Clare in 1995 and 1997 and three Munster titles.
Honours
Clare
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship (2): 1995, 1997
Munster Senior Hurling Championship (3): 1995, 1997, 1998
References
1970 births
Living people
O'Callaghan's Mills hurlers
Clare inter-county hurlers
Munster inter-provincial hurlers
All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship winners
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思增的副作用（不良反应）？1.长期注射同一部位会出现局部脂肪萎缩，可以通过改变每天的注射部位避免。2.用药过度会出现甲状腺机能减退，可用甲状腺素加以纠正。3.部分病人出现高血糖，可同时用胰岛素纠正。
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Deenie is a 1973 young adult novel written by Judy Blume.
Plot summary
Deenie chronicles the life of 13-year-old Wilmadeene "Deenie" Fenner, whose mother, Thelma, is determined to have her become a model. At the same time, Deenie's 16-year-old sister, Helen, who is academically proficient, is being pushed by Thelma to keep her grades up so that she can eventually become a doctor or a lawyer. One day, Deenie is diagnosed with scoliosis, and is prescribed a body brace to wear for the next four years. At the same time, Helen has fallen in love with Joe, a charming and romantic young gentleman who works for the Fenners' family business, a gas station. Thelma, upset that her plans for her daughters are coming undone, has Joe fired and exhorts Deenie to resume the pursuit of a modeling career once she stops wearing the back brace. Fearful that Helen hates her because Thelma's excuse for letting Joe go was because of the family's doctors' bills, Deenie is astonished to learn that Helen refuses to blame her for Joe's departure, and the sisters close ranks.
Though initially upset at having to wear the body brace, Deenie eventually resigns herself to her fate. She finds herself at peace with the idea of not becoming a model, and, inspired by her experience, begins to ponder a future career as an orthopedist, concluding that she never really wanted to be a model anyway.
In the final chapter, Deenie takes off her brace and puts on an old favorite outfit in anticipation of attending a party at her friend Janet's house. She asks her father, Frank, for permission to not wear her brace to the party. Though Thelma gives her consent, Frank, who, until then, was rather mute about everything, firmly refuses, rightfully pointing out that Deenie would want to not wear the brace for every special occasion thereafter, if he gave in that night. In defiance, Deenie brings her old outfit to Janet's house, intending to remove the brace and change clothes once there, but she changes her mind; she leaves her brace on and her old clothes in Janet's room, where they stay for the duration of the party.
Other story arcs include Deenie's friendship with Barbara Curtis, a girl whose eczema alienates her from her other classmates, and Deenie's anxiety over whether her crush will still like her in spite of her back brace.
Deenie is named after the character Natalie Wood played in Splendor in the Grass. The movie itself was mentioned in description in the book, though the name of the movie was not.
Themes
An important topic is that of parents exhorting their children to take up professions that the parents feel that are suited for them, whether or not the children are amenable to the idea. Thelma justifies her insistence that Deenie pursue a modeling career and that Helen become a doctor or lawyer by saying that she just "wanted better" for her children.
Ableism is briefly touched on when Deenie's guidance counselor recommends that Deenie take the "special bus" to school simply because her back brace "qualifies" her for such. Fearing that her parents would agree with the counselor and because of her own perceived stigma regarding students who ride the special bus, Deenie tears up the parental consent form that she is given to take to her parents and does not even tell them about the meeting with the guidance counselor.
Reception
This book, like many others written by Blume, has been banned in schools for themes deemed inappropriate for adolescents; in this case, talk about masturbation and sexuality. Deenie is on the American Library Association list of the 100 Most Frequently Challenged Books of 1990–2000 at forty-sixth.
The passages that are most frequently cited as reasons for removing the book from libraries are:
"[That week] I touched my special place practically every night. It was the only way I could fall asleep and besides, it felt good" [p. 79 in the 2005 Laurel-Leaf edition] and "Usually I take showers and get in and out as fast as possible. But the hot water [in the bathtub] was very relaxing and soon I began to enjoy it. I reached down and touched my special place with the washcloth. I rubbed and rubbed until I got that good feeling" [p. 129].
These, along with a discussion about menstruation and masturbation [p. 79-82] led by a gym teacher, are the core of the objections to the novel. The book is otherwise usually described as insightful and accurate in portraying a young girl dealing with her diagnosis of scoliosis, as well as coming of age.
Characters
Deenie Fenner — The main character. Thelma's plans for Deenie to become a model are in jeopardy when Deenie is diagnosed with scoliosis.
Thelma Fenner — Deenie's mother. Telling just about everyone that "Deenie's the beauty, Helen's the brain," she pushes her daughters towards careers that she believes are best suited for them, whether they like it or not.
Frank Fenner — Deenie's father. He works long hours at the family business, a gas station. Quiet for the majority of the story, he eventually takes a firm, yet fair, parental role in making sure that Deenie wears her brace as prescribed.
"Aunt" Rae — Thelma's best friend. She follows Thelma's lead into pushing Deenie towards a modeling career.
Janet Kayser — One of Deenie's best friends. She is selected for the cheerleading squad instead of Deenie.
Midge Otonis — Another of Deenie's best friends. Physically larger than most of the other seventh grade students, she is self-conscious about her size and the fact that most boys ignore her because of it.
Helen Fenner — Deenie's older sister. Thelma exhorts her to keep up her grades, to the exclusion of all non-academic pursuits, in the hopes that she will eventually become a doctor or lawyer.
Buddy Brader — A boy that Deenie likes; the feeling is eventually revealed to be mutual.
Steve Hildrick — A boy Janet has a crush on.
Harvey Grabowski — A ninth-grade student, and president of the student council. Janet also has a crush on him.
Joe Roscow — Helen's sweetheart. He works at the gas station with Frank but aspires to be a forest ranger and a poet. Thelma has him fired not long after he and Helen are caught together.
Barbara Curtis — A new friend of Deenie's; she suffers from eczema, which causes nearly everyone else to ostracize her. Deenie herself had not wanted to associate with Barbara initially, but having to be Barbara's partner in gym class allows Deenie to get to know her better.
Susan Minton — Deenie's classmate who idolizes her and obsessively tries to copy her style.
Eileen Rappoport — Deenie's gym teacher. She notices something strange about Deenie's posture, and her phone call to the Fenner home regarding this leads to Deenie eventually being diagnosed with scoliosis.
See also
List of most commonly challenged books in the U.S.
References
External links
Judy Blume's website
1973 American novels
Novels by Judy Blume
American young adult novels
Obscenity controversies in literature
Children's books about disability
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三稜是中藥之一，又名䔷、山棱，屬活血化瘀藥，能破血消癥，藥用部份为黑三棱科植物黑三棱Sparganium stoloniferum Buch.-Ham.的乾燥塊莖。
荊三稜是莎草科植物荊三稜 (Scirpus fluviatilis (Torr.) A. Gray) 的塊莖。荆三稜的球形块茎质地鬆泡。荆三稜是三稜的混淆品，其性味及功效均與三稜有異，不是同一中藥。
性味歸經功效
【性味】辛、苦，性平。
【歸經】入肝、脾經。
【功效】破血行氣，消積止痛。適用於多種腫瘤，以及血瘀氣滯、腹部結塊、肝脾腫大、經閉腹痛、食積脹痛等。
用法
一錢至三錢，煎服。
參考資料
《經驗良方》
外部連結
三棱 中藥材圖像數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院)
三稜 San Leng 中藥標本數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院)
黑三稜 Hei San Leng 中藥標本數據庫 (香港浸會大學中醫藥學院)
《活血化淤药—三稜》，中华传统文化网
中药
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辛克贵（），中国土木工程专家，力学家和桥梁专家，曾任清华大学土木水利学院常务副院长，教授，博士生导师，全国政协委员。
生平
原籍四川成都，中国共产党员，1977年毕业于清华大学建筑工程系，获学士学位，同年留校任教；1983年毕业于清华大学土木工程系，获硕士学位，从讲师晋升为副教授；1994年于香港理工大学获博士学位，晋升为研究员，教授。
辛克贵曾任清华大学土木工程系副系主任、系主任、土木水利学院副院长，常务副院长，教授，博士生导师。在任其他学术兼职有：茅以升科技教育基金会，常务理事；中国力学学会《工程力学》编委会，编委；中国金属结构学会模板与脚手架委员会，专家组成员；北京市土木工程学会；中国土木工程学会会员。
辛克贵曾获国家级教育教学成果一等奖，教育部科技进步一等奖；清华大学学术论文奖、首届北京市青年优秀科技论文三等奖、北京市学术成果奖国家教委科技进步奖一等奖（甲类）、国家教委科技进步奖三等奖、北京市教育教学成果一等奖、清华大学教学成果一等奖等众多奖项。
学术著作
[1]龙驭球,辛克贵．广义协调元. 土木工程学报,1987,20(1):1-14
[2]Long Yuqiu,Xin Kegui．Generalized conforming elements (in Chinese). Journal of Engineering Construction, 1987, 20(1): 1-14 (in Chinese)
[3]Long Yuqiu, Xin Kegui. Generalized conforming elements for bending and buckling analysis of plate. Finite Elements in Analysis and Design, 1987, 5: 15-30
[4]W. Y. Li, K. G. Xin, Analysis of Thin-Walled Members by Complementary Energy Method Using Spline Function, J.of Thin-walled Structures, Vol.14, No.4, 327-342, 1992.
[5]辛克贵,何铭华,分布粘聚元的系统理论研究,工程力学,28: 109-128,2011
[6]K. G. Xin (etc.), A Semi-Discrete Method for Analysis of Tube-in-Tube Structures, Computers & Structures, Vol.53, No.2, 319-325, 1994.
[7]辛克贵,薄壁结构分析的半离散解法,工程力学,59-70，1995年。
[8]王书纯,辛克贵,受偏压作用薄壁结构的稳定分析,工程力学， Vol. 3，527-537，1999年。
[9]辛克贵,王书纯,考虑剪切变形的薄壁杆件稳定分析，工程力学，Vol. 17， No.1，47-56，2000年。
[10]吴秀水,辛克贵,姜美兰，横向荷载作用下薄壁杆件稳定分析的有限杆元法，工程力学，Vol. 18，No. 1，47-55，2001年。
[11]辛克贵,姜美兰,薄壁杆件稳定分析的样条有限杆元法，清华大学学报（自然科学版），Vol. 41，No.45，235-239，2001年。
[12]李华煜、辛克贵，采用分段样条插值的半离散方法分析薄壁杆件，工程力学，Vol. 9， No. 3，8-22，1992年。
[13]辛克贵,刘钺强,杨国平，大跨度斜拉桥恒载非线性静力分析，清华大学学报（自然科学版），Vol. 42，No.6，818-821，2002年。
[14]辛克贵,钱良忠,高层简体结构的整体稳定及二阶位移分析，清华大学学报（自然科学版），Vol. 43，No.10，1386-1389，2003年。
[15]李琰,辛克贵,薄壁曲梁结构的横向稳定分析，工程力学，Vol. 22，No. 1，069－075, 2005年。
[15]赵文武,辛克贵,预应力混凝土斜拉桥自适应施工控制分析，工程力学，Vol.23，No. 2，78~84，2006年。
[17]辛克贵,冯仲,大跨度斜拉桥的施工非线性倒拆分析，工程力学，Vol.21，No.5，2004年。
教材著作
《结构分析实用程序》,1985年
《结构矩阵分析和程序设计》,1989年
《结构力学》,2000年
《结构力学》,2008年
《结构力学》,2012年
参见
清华大学
外部链接
辛克贵
中国土木工程师
清华大学校友
清華大學教授
力学家
成都人
四川科学家
香港理工大學校友
K
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生殖器上有好多小点点？生殖器：生物体产生生殖细胞用来繁殖后代的器官。高等植物的生殖器是花。人和高等动物的生殖器包括雄性的精囊、输精管、睾丸、阴茎等；雌性的卵巢、输卵管、子宫、阴道等。人类和高等动物的生殖器包括男性精囊、精子、睾丸、阴茎等；男性生殖系统由内外生殖器两部分组成。外生殖器包括阴囊和阴茎；内生殖器包括生殖腺、睾丸、引流道、附生腺、精经、精经、尿道，以及附腺、精囊、前列腺和尿道；女性卵巢、输卵管，子宫，阴道，等等...人类和高等动物的生殖器是性行为的必要条件，因此生殖器也被称为性器官。雌性生殖系统由管状肌肉组织组成，将阴道与子宫连接起来。生殖器上的肌肉有网状微血管分布，当生殖器性活跃时会扩张及充血。女性生殖器是指生殖器外露的部分，又称外阴。包括阴唇、大阴唇、小阴唇、阴蒂、前庭、前庭腺体、前庭球、尿道口、阴道口和处女膜。女性内部生殖器，包括阴道，子宫，输卵管和卵巢。阴道是血液排出的通道，胎儿从母亲处分娩，也是性器官。引起病人生殖器上有红点原因较多，明确病因后才能对症治疗，主要原因有以下几种：一、包皮龟头炎。包皮龟头炎是由包皮过长以及局部卫生不清洁等引起，需要注意局部卫生，局部涂抹药物，感染控制后需要做包皮环切术。二、生殖器疱疹早期。生殖器疱疹是由疱疹病毒感染引起，早期为红色小疹，然后逐渐形成水泡并破溃，多与性生活传染有关。通过典型症状和疱疹病毒抗体检测可以诊断，治疗上需要避免婚外性行为，注意卫生。
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克麗絲汀·基希(1696年出生於德國古本 ━ 1782年5月6日辭世)是德國天文學家。
生平
克麗絲汀·基希是天文學家和瑪麗亞·瑪格麗塔·基希的女兒，也是的妹妹。她和她的妹妹從10歲起就接受天文學教育。小時候，基希就幫助父母進行天文觀測。據報導，年輕的基希負責使用擺進行觀測。隨著年齡的增長，基希被教導計算行事曆。她先是協助母親，後來又協助哥哥計算各種曆法。
直到1740年，基希都沒有從她的貢獻中得到薪水，而是從柏林科學院的小額捐款中得到收益。在她哥哥克里斯特弗里德·基希死後，科學院依靠她幫忙計算曆法。她負責計算普普士在17世紀40年代早期征服的一個省份，西里西亞的曆法。學院獨佔曆法的編撰權，而西里西亞曆衛學院帶來可觀的收入。因此，基希從1776年薪水是可觀的400泰勒爾。
基希直到她的老年，依然繼續為學院編曆，並獲得極大的尊重。77歲時，學院讓她榮譽退休，並且繼續從學院領取薪水，為天文學家介紹曆法的製作方法，而不是義務工作 She died in 1782 as a respected astronomer.。
參考資料
1696年出生
1782年逝世
德國天文學家
女性天文學家
德國女性科學家
18世紀天文學家
18世紀德國科學家
18世紀女性科學家
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East Rowan High School is a public, co-educational secondary school located in Granite Quarry, North Carolina. It is one of seven high schools in the Rowan-Salisbury School System.
History
East Rowan High School was formed in 1959, from the consolidation of Rockwell High School and Granite Quarry High School.
School information
For the 2010–2011 school year, East Rowan High School had a total population of 1,110 students and 70.40 teachers on a (FTE) basis. For the student population, the gender ratio was 51.08% male to 48.92% female. The demographic group makeup of the student population was: White, 88.47%; Black, 6.22%; Hispanic, 2.79%; American Indian, 0.45%; and Asian/Pacific Islander, 0.81% (two or more races was 1.26%). For the same school year, 39.37% of the students received free and reduced-cost lunches.
Graduations are generally held at Catawba College's Keppel Auditorium.
Academics
East Rowan High School was rated a School of Distinction for the 2009–2010 and 2010–2011 school years on the North Carolina State Board of Education's yearly School Report Cards.
Athletics
East Rowan is a 3A school in the South Piedmont Conference. The school's mascot is the Mustangs, wearing the school colors of red and blue.
The East Rowan baseball team has had many successful years, winning two state 3A championships (1995, 2010), and being runner up in 2008.
Marching band competition
The school hosts the Mustang Classic, formerly known as the East Rowan-Food Lion Classic, a marching band competition inviting schools from around the North Carolina Piedmont. The event has been held annually every October since 1995.
Notable alumni
Phil Kirk former NC State Senator and former chairman of the North Carolina State Board of Education
Bobby Parnell Major League Baseball pitcher
References
External links
Public high schools in North Carolina
Educational institutions established in 1959
Schools in Rowan County, North Carolina
1959 establishments in North Carolina
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Anno 1701, also marketed as 1701 A.D., is a real-time strategy and city building video game, part of the Anno series. It is developed by Related Designs and published by Sunflowers Interactive Entertainment Software. It revolves around building and maintaining an 18th-century colony in the "New World". With a budget of €10 million, it was the most expensive German game ever produced by 2006.
It is the sequel to Anno 1602 and Anno 1503 and was followed by Anno 1404.
Gameplay
Anno 1701, like the previous Anno games, is a game based mainly on the economics of the settlement created by the player. The more skilled a player is at maintaining a balanced economy the more successful their settlement will be.
There are two main game modes in Anno 1701: continuous play, representing an open-ended session, and ten scenarios with certain tasks, which gradually increase in level of difficulty. The continuous play offers free customization options for the start of the game. Similar to Civilization series, the players can decide on the size of the world in advance, determine the island types and toggle the advanced options such as "Disasters", "Plague", "Pirates", "Fire", and others. All twelve computer controlled opponents have their own personalities, preferences and difficulty levels.
The player starts with an unnamed country that has to colonize and expand in the world. During those activities, other rivals are also strengthening. As the player progresses through the game, players have access to lodge activities and troops which allow them to invade and ultimately to defeat other players. Now, players are settling the island world in the queen's name. Thus, she expects subservience and respect. At some point, she will demand the tributes, giving an offer to pay gold coins, or being attacked by her royal fleet. Either option will eventually lead to independence. Different opponents have different relationships with the queen, and they will react according to the player's choices.
The game is divided into five social stages: Pioneer, Settler, Citizen, Merchant, and Aristocrat. At the start of the game, all of a player's citizens are pioneers. They pay little amounts of taxes, and require only food and a town center. As a player's empire develops, so does their population. They begin upgrading (provided they have sufficient goods), paying more taxes, but also requiring more goods, such as tobacco products, perfume, lamp oil, and much more. It is crucial for a player to develop quickly, as not much profit is attained until reaching the merchant stage.
Players can trade with other opponents settling under the Queen's name, or with foreign cultures. All foreign cultures are on small or medium islands, and cannot leave their island. Liang Wu and his Asians are found on islands in the north of the island world. They trade the colonial good Jade, and purchase food. Poxacoatl and his Aztecs live on islands in the southern zone, are few in number and believe in the infinite power of the gods. They trade the colonial goods Talismans, and purchase cloth and horses. Amin Sahir and his Indians have a small settlement on one of the islands in the southern end of the island world. Their Indian Ivory is a desirable colonial good. Tetonka and his Iroquois are situated in a dense forest on one of the islands in the northern zone of the island world. The Iroquois trade furs, and purchase tobacco products and weapons. Ramirez and his Pirates take refuge in expertly concealed hideouts in the southern zone of the island world. Due to their aggressive nature they take rich rewards from raids, therefore they can offer all colonial goods.
The Free Trader, a neutral merchant who sails his fleet around the world to trade, can offer players opportunities to assist him in matters. The assignments are optional, but the reward is immense, and sometimes crucial to financial success. In some assignments, players have to deliver select goods, while in others, players have to destroy ships. Traveling dignitaries can now visit your city and enhance the quality and power of a player's empire. For example, when the smith arrives, he replenishes tool supplies. The entertainers can brighten the moods of the populace, leading to increased tax revenue. Guests of honor come at random times during each social stage of the game, and can also be called to visit once the senate is unlocked.
Unlike the previous game in the series, the players can choose how much to tax their people. Low taxes are required for a social upgrade and please the people, while higher taxes lead to revolt and a lower population. The new goods available include chocolate, perfume, and colonial goods (Ivory, Jade, Talismans, Furs). Also, goods can now be purchased in a village center, instead of at individual stands that had to be built individually in previous Anno games.
Lodge activities are accessed at the beginning of the game, although only the spy is available for use. All the other lodge activities are researched throughout the game at either a school or a university. Some of the very powerful activities available to players include the deployment of the poisoner (who introduces the plague to an opponent's settlement) or the demagogue (who can rally workers to walk away from their jobs). Players are now subject to Mother Nature's wrath. Hurricanes, earthquakes, and volcanic eruptions all have the power to destroy settlements. Diseases are also rampant in the 1701 AD world, specifically the plague, which can wipe out hundreds, or even thousands, of people. The plague of rats can ruin tons of goods as well.
Development
In December 2003, a spin-off of the Anno franchise was announced under the title of Anno War. Unlike previous entries in the series, it was developed by Mainz-based Related Designs, and the idea was to make the game more combat based. The team increased their number of employees from 10 to 25, with an active support from Sunflowers Interactive.
The game was put on hold. Related Designs instead focused their efforts on a sequel to Anno 1503. The new installment was initially codenamed Anno 3. Due to a dispute between Sunflowers and the developer of the first Anno games, Max Design, Related Designs was not able to access the program code for Anno 1503, and thus had no technical basis. Therefore, the studio had to develop the new title from scratch. During the development, Anno's creator and one of the Max Design's founders, Wilfried Reiter, joined the team in an advisory capacity.
In September 2004, a first prototype of the game was shown. The focus of the presentation was on the new 3D graphics, partly based on an earlier title of Related Designs, No Man's Land, with which the game separated itself from its predecessors. The graphic artists were inspired by the architecture and art of medieval epochs, such as Gothic or Renaissance. Sunflowers instructed all developers to play previous Anno games, and commissioned an "annolysis"; a survey spanning more than 5,000 players. The results were used to develop the game with the players and their wishes in mind, which prompted the return of the tax system, and introduced camera align and a look behind the buildings.
On May 9, 2005, Sunflowers officially made the game's title as Anno 1701 and released in late 2006. The game was presented along with ParaWorld on the Sunflowers' booth at E3 2006. In August, the release date was marked as October 26, 2006 for the Germany, while the game went gold in early October.
A multi-core processors support was added to the engine's implementation to improve the efficiency. In addition, numerous shaders were built into the game in order to achieve a better performance on as many hardware configurations as possible.
Anno 1701 was the most expensive German game ever made at the time of its release, with a budget of €10 million.
Reception
Anno 1701 received "generally favorable reviews" according to the aggregate review site Metacritic.
Sales
As Anno 1602 and Anno 1503 had been commercial hits, together totaling 4.5 million units sold worldwide, pre-release sales estimates for Anno 1701 were high. Retailers purchased 450,000 units in Germany in preparation for the game's launch; worldwide pre-orders from stores reached roughly 1 million copies. According to Der Spiegel, the game and its predecessors were aimed at mainstream casual players who "buy a game once a year and spend weeks with it", a goal reflected in the new title's pre-release television advertising. Publisher Sunflowers Interactive noted a high percentage of female players among the Anno series' fanbase, and they were a target demographic for Anno 1701.
Upon release, Anno 1701 broke sales records to become the fastest-selling German computer game ever, with more than 200,000 units sold in German-speaking countries during its debut two weeks. In response, Sunflowers forecast 500,000 sales by the end of 2006. It ultimately finished the year with sales of 320,000 copies in the German market alone, for revenues of €12.7 million. This placed it second for 2006, behind World of Warcraft at 345,000 units.
The Sunken Dragon
In March 2007, Sunflowers released an add-on called Anno 1701: The Sunken Dragon. It includes new features, new missions, and a map editor. The add-on has an Asiatic look, as well as a campaign with 11 missions centered on the new player profiles.
References
External links
2006 video games
City-building games
Real-time strategy video games
Video games developed in Germany
Video games set in the 18th century
Video games with expansion packs
Windows games
Windows-only games
Anno (series)
Strategy games
Age of Discovery video games
Deep Silver games
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Sunflowers Interactive games
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The United States national rugby union team has played in all but two Rugby World Cups since the inaugural tournament in 1987.
The USA is the second strongest national rugby side in North America, and the third strongest in the Americas after Argentina and Canada.
The U.S. has played in eight World Cups from the inaugural 1987 tournament to the 2019 tournament—all but the 1995 and 2023 World Cups. The team's best result so far has been to win one game—which they accomplished in 1987, 2003, and 2011.
Summary of results by tournament
Summary of results by opponent
Notes:
Results current through end of 2019 Rugby World Cup.
The US has never played Wales or Canada in a RWC, even though those two teams have played in every RWC.
Ivory Coast, Zimbabwe, Namibia, Georgia, Uruguay, Spain, and Portugal are the other seven nations that have yet to play the USA at the Rugby World Cup that have previously qualified.
Qualifying
The U.S. has qualified for every World Cup, except for the 1995 and 2023 tournaments.
Notes
Rugby World Cup hosting
So far the USA has not hosted any Rugby World Cup games, and no Rugby World Cups have been held in the Americas. The United States is, however, interested in pursuing a bid, possibly a joint bid with Canada, to host the 2027 Rugby World Cup.
Team RWC records
Most points scored in a single tournament: 86 (2003)
Most points scored in a single match: 39 (39–26 vs. Japan in 2003)
Largest margin of victory: 13 (39–26 vs. Japan in 2003)
Player RWC records
Career
Updated: October 12, 2015.
Updated: October 12, 2015.
Updated: October 12, 2015.
Tries scored
The following table shows all U.S. players that have scored two or more tries in their World Cup career, plus all active players who have scored at least one World Cup try.
Note: The U.S. failed to qualify for the 1995 Rugby World Cup.
Most penalties scored: Mike Hercus, 15 (2003 & 2007)
Single tournament
Most points in a single tournament: Mike Hercus, 51 (2003)
Most tries in a single tournament: Kort Schubert, 3 (2003)
Individual tournaments: 1987 to present
1987 Rugby World Cup
Pool 1 games
1991 Rugby World Cup
Pool 1 games
1995 Rugby World Cup
Did not qualify.
The Americas were allotted only two teams for the 1995 tournament. Canada automatically qualified, by virtue of reaching the quarterfinals of the 1991 tournament. Only 1 place remained for the Americas qualifying, to be decided by the winner of the home-and-away series between the US and Argentina (the winner of the Americas South bracket) in 1994. In that series, the US lost their home match 22-28, and also lost their away match 11-16. With the 2-0 record and 44-33 aggregate score, Argentina secured the final qualifying spot for the Americas.
1999 Rugby World Cup
Pool E games
2003 Rugby World Cup
Mike Hercus was the leading points scorer for the United States - and 7th leading scorer among all players - with 51 points (2 tries, 9 penalties, 7 conversions).
2007 Rugby World Cup
2007 Squad:
Forwards: Blake Burdette, Owen Lentz, Mike MacDonald, Matekitonga Moeakiola, Chris Osentowski, Jonathan Vitale, Luke Gross, Mike Mangan, Hayden Mexted, Alec Parker, Mark Aylor, Inaki Basauri, Todd Clever, Fifita Mounga, Louis Stanfill, Henry Bloomfield, Dan Payne
Backs: Chad Erskine, Mike Petri, Mike Hercus (C), Nese Malifa, Philip Eloff, Vahafolau Esikia, Thretton Palamo, Albert Tuipulotu, Paul Emerick, Takudzwa Ngwenya, Salesi Sika, Francois Viljoen, Chris Wyles
Head Coach:
Peter Thorburn
In the 2007 Rugby World Cup, the US joined England, Samoa, South Africa and Tonga in Pool A. The Eagles, ranked 13th in the world standings, lost all 4 games in Pool A, scoring 1 bonus point in the game against Samoa. Coached by New Zealander Peter Thorburn, the Eagles started off with tough match against the defending world champions England, losing 28–10. The US was then beaten by Tonga 25–15, lost to Samoa 25 – 21, and lost their final match to highly favored South Africa 64 – 15. The Eagles, however, had a major highlight in the South Africa match. After an interception and a pair of passes, Takudzwa Ngwenya sped down the sideline and outran Bryan Habana, arguably the fastest man in world rugby, to score a try that received Try of the Year honors at the 2007 IRB Awards.
2011 Rugby World Cup
Chris Wyles was the USA's leading scorer of the 2011 tournament with 18 points (1 try, 3 penalties, 2 conversions).
Mike Petri, Paul Emerick, and JJ Gagiano each scored 5 points (1 try) for the US.
30 Man Squad:
Hooker: Chris Biller, Phil Thiel, Brian McClenahan
Prop: Mike MacDonald, Mate Moeakiola, Shawn Pittman, Eric Fry
Lock: Hayden Smith, John van der Giessen
Loose: Todd Clever (c), Louis Stanfill, Nic Johnson, Scott LaValla, Patrick Danahy, JJ Gagiano, Inaki Basauri
Scrumhalf: Mike Petri, Tim Usasz
Flyhalf: Roland Suniula, Nese Malifa
Center: Andrew Suniula, Paul Emerick, Tai Enosa, Junior Sifa
Wing: Takudzwa Ngwyenya, James Paterson, Kevin Swiryn, Colin Hawley
Fullback: Chris Wyles, Blaine Scully
The Eagles showed tremendous fight and power in their World Cup opening match against Ireland emotionally charged as the game coincided with the 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks. The Irish came out strong but the Eagles were stiff in defense. The Irish suffered from poor goal kicking and were only able to gain a 3–0 lead before finally scoring their first try at the 39' mark to take a 10-0 half-time lead. The Irish came out more ready to play in the second half but still ran into stiff Eagles defense. Ultimately the Irish scored two more tries to give a final tally of 22 points. The Eagles succeeded in frustrating Irish expectations to gain a bonus point with a full strength squad and managed to post 10 points led by an interception try on full-time by Paul Emerick.
The Eagles came into the World Cup with their measuring mark for success as being a win over Russia. The Eagles did not disappoint. Russia leaped out to an early 3–0 lead after a penalty goal from inside the 22 set up by a block on a Mike Petri box kick. The Americans took a 10–3 lead into the half after a break by Andrew Suniula set up a try for Mike Petri. The kicking duty fell upon Chris Wyles who capitalized on his first kick, a deep strike in poor conditions from the 10 meter line. Wyles was also successful on a conversion and with his last attempt at goal. He did, however, miss 3 kicks at goal and a drop goal. Russia would land once more on the board to snatch a bonus point from the match but fell to the final tally of USA 13–6 Russia. Both Wyles and Mike MacDonald had amazing matches as McDonald scooped up the man of the match accolades. The Eagles were absolutely dominant at the lineout winning 7 of Russia's 13 throws and winning all 12 of their own throws. The win elevated the Eagles back up to 17th in the IRB rankings and dropped Russia one spot to 21st.
For their third match the Eagles trotted out a squad with 14 changes from the one that met Russia, ensuring that each player on the roster received a cap in the tournament. Australia got on the board early with tries at the 7- and 10-minute marks, but the Eagles answered with a JJ Gagiano try at the 22nd minute that cut the deficit to 10–5. Australia quickly responded with two more tries to take a 22–5 lead into the half along with clinching a bonus point. In the second half the Wallabies jumped on the Eagles leading to the final result of 67–5. This was the worst defeat a US team has ever suffered to Australia.
The final match saw the Eagles playing for a 3rd-place finish in Pool C and an automatic qualification into the 2015 Rugby World Cup. The Eagles faced Italy (the Azzurri) and the scoring began early by the Azzurri, but the Eagles struck back with a Chris Wyles try and conversion to level the match 7-7. The Italians struck quickly with their second try, and scored their third try on the stroke of halftime to lead 20-10 at the half. Italy focused their second-half efforts on scoring a fourth try and the bonus point. The US second-half defense held for 25 minutes, but after tremendous pressure by the Italian scrum - which Italy dominated all match - the Azzurri got their fourth try and the bonus point in the 65th minute. That try and conversion were the only points for the Azzurri in the second half. The defeat marked the end of the 2011 Rugby World Cup and the 2011 season for the Eagles.
2015 Rugby World Cup
U.S. summer preparations for the World Cup included four matches at the 2015 Pacific Nations Cup plus two additional World Cup warm-up matches. The U.S. earned three wins and three losses over these matches, with wins against Canada (twice) and Japan.
At the World Cup, the U.S. lost its first match against Samoa 16–25. The Eagles suffered from ill discipline, committing 14 penalties (compared to 7 for Samoa); and from poor tackling, with a 79% tackle success rate and 29 missed tackles, (compared to Samoa's 86% tackle rate and 19 missed tackles).
The team entered World Cup play with the highest hopes in years. The pool draw placed the Eagles alongside Japan, a team they had beaten earlier in the summer, Samoa, a team they've played well in the past, and Scotland. Scotland, though a tier 1 nation, had struggled in recent years. The last team was South Africa, a team that lost its first match of the World Cup to Japan.
In their opening match against Samoa, the United States trailed 14–8 at the half, and ultimately fell 25–16, after finding tremendous difficulties at the lineout and in the scrum.
Carrying a tough 0–1 start into the team's second match, the Eagles made history by claiming a first ever halftime lead over a tier 1 nation (13–6), on the back of a strong showing in the scrum. The second half was less kind, as Scotland quickly overcame the deficit and pushed the final score well out of reach: Scotland 39, USA 16.
With a winless campaign becoming a real possibility, the coaching staff chose a roster that drastically differed from the starters in the first two matches. Against South Africa, the Eagles struggled early and were dominated in the scrum, but kept the match close at the break with South Africa holding a 14-point lead. In the second half, the Springboks blew the match open, running the match to 64–0. The defeat is the fifth largest in USA Rugby history and the largest in a World Cup.
Source: World Rugby
Rank is as of the end of the pool stages, and does not include the knockout rounds.
2019 Rugby World Cup
2023 Rugby World Cup
Did not qualify.
Finished second to Portugal in the cross-regional playoff.
See also
Davies, Gerald (2004) The History of the Rugby World Cup, Sanctuary Publishing Ltd, ()
Farr-Jones, Nick, (2003). Story of the Rugby World Cup, Australian Post Corporation, ()
References
World Cup
Rugby World Cup by nation
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体育中心西站是南宁轨道交通4号线的一座地下岛式车站，位于广西壮族自治区南宁市良庆区体强路与五象大道路口，广西体育中心西端。
设施
结构
体育中心西站设有2层，地面为出入口，地下一层为站厅，地下二层为4号线月台（往洪运路／龙岗）的位置。
参考资料
南宁轨道交通4号线车站
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肩周炎看病挂什么科？随着年龄的不断增大，肩周炎的发生率也在逐年升高，不少人的肩周炎都是突然发生的，发生以前没有任何征兆，发作时疼痛难忍，那么去医院看什么科?又是困扰患者的一个问题。这里就来给大家详细地讲解一下肩周炎应该挂什么科比较合适。肩周炎俗称“五十肩“，肩周炎的患者到医院去看病，对看哪个科室分不清楚，其实肩周炎的治疗一般采用保守治疗，建议肩周炎患者去挂康复理疗科的号。一般大型三甲医院都会设有康复理疗科，肩周炎属于康复理疗科的诊疗范畴的疾病。康复理疗科是一个综合性治疗的科室，主要是对各种慢性病、疑难杂症进行康复治疗，而其中的康复治疗包括了运动治疗、言语治疗、物理治疗等。其中的物质治疗包括了常见的针灸、艾灸、拔火罐、推拿按摩等。其中镇痛治疗也是康复科开展的一项业务。对于很多顽固性的痛症可以局部注射封闭，比如肩周炎、颈椎病、痛风、腰椎病等。康复科中的运动疗法，其治疗对象中也是包含了肩周炎患者，肩周炎患者进行肩部的体育锻炼是为了防止肩部关节的粘连，也需要进行一定的强度的肩关节锻炼，在康复科，患者能得到更专业的锻炼指导。综上所述，肩周炎可以挂康复科，肩周炎是一种非特异性炎症，好发于中老年女性，康复理疗科的诊疗范畴里含有肩周炎，所以建议疑似患有肩周炎的患者尽量到大型的三甲医院就诊，以便能获得更具有针对性的科室治疗，一般的二级以下的医院可能没有康复科。且肩周炎患者在康复科能得到全面的康复理疗，能帮助病患尽早地恢复健康。
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胸罩不合适易诱发乳腺增生？胸罩过小或过大都会诱发乳腺疾病，乳房上分布着丰富的血管、淋巴管及神经，对乳腺起着营养和新陈代谢作用。如果胸罩过小尤其是下围的钢圈又硬又紧的话，就会影响血液循环和供给，造成乳房缺血、痉挛，压迫乳房中的淋巴腺，使得在此处产生的毒素不易排出，引起乳腺增生。胸罩小了不好，过大同样不利。胸罩过大时，乳房在里面可以上下活动，这样同样也会导致乳腺增生。胸罩的选择一定要仔细，如果胸罩的质量太差，纤维毛堵塞乳头，时间长也会出现乳腺导管增生，胸罩的主要作用是支撑和保护乳房，因此，在选购和佩戴时一定要以合体、舒适为原则。戴胸罩的时间最好不要超过8个小时，一般情况下下班回到家后，要尽量释放胸部，保证淋巴液的正常流动。
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《大家一起Climax》（），是日本女歌手小泉今日子的第8張單曲。1984年1月1日以「甜蜜公主」（）的名義發行。
簡介
是小泉今日子1983年主演的富士電視台三集單元電視劇《甜蜜公主》（又譯：「甜蜜姬」、「甜甜小公主」等）的主題曲，小泉以劇中角色「甜蜜公主」（）的名義發行這張單曲。封面也是小泉在劇中的造型。
發行首週在Oricon公信榜排行第4位。累計總銷量達20.7萬張，是1984年度日本單曲銷量第64位。
由於發行量較少，且在1991年並無和小泉其它的單曲一樣進行CD化再售，因此這張單曲已成絕版貨。
收錄曲目
大家一起Climax（）
作詞：森雪之丞；作曲：井上大輔；編曲:井上大輔
甜蜜公主NG集（）
出演：甜蜜公主&自願出演者；解説：甜蜜公主
小泉今日子歌曲
1984年單曲
富士電視台電視劇主題曲
電視劇角色歌曲
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慢性肝炎会传染吗？肝炎是肝脏的炎症，多数指的是由甲型、乙型、丙型等肝炎病毒引起的病毒性肝炎。会出现食欲减退、厌油腻食物、腹胀恶心呕吐、易疲倦等一些临床症状。肝炎如不及时治疗及控制，可逐渐形成肝硬化，继而可能发展为肝癌而危及生命。常见的并发症有肝硬化、脾大、胃食管静脉曲张、肝癌等。肝炎通常由多种致病因素引起，如病毒、细菌、寄生虫、化学毒物、药物、酒精、自身免疫因素等。常见的病毒性肝炎（甲型、乙型、丙型等），通常为感染肝炎病毒（甲型肝炎病毒、乙型肝炎病毒、丙型肝炎病毒）所致，具有传染性。不同病因的肝炎临床表现各异，常见症状包括：食欲减退、腹胀、厌油腻食物、恶心、呕吐、易疲倦。部分发病后巩膜或皮肤黄染，发热，肝区隐痛、肝大、触痛，部分患者出现蜘蛛痣和肝掌，重型肝炎可见腹水、少尿、出血倾向和意识障碍、昏迷等。肝炎的治疗原则：休息、营养为主，辅以适当药物，避免饮酒、过劳和损害肝脏药物。也可补硒，它能让肝脏中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶的活性达到正常水平，对养肝护肝起到良好作用，具有免疫调节的保健功能，对化学性肝损伤有辅助保护作用，有养肝、保肝、护肝作用。平时的话积极治疗原发病、保持情绪稳定、戒烟忌酒。注意休息和运动相结合：平时在日常生活中应该多多注意锻炼身体，进行适当的活动，进行有体育锻炼，同时也要多多注意休息，保证睡眠质量。饮食最好是以低脂肪、高蛋白、高维生素和易于消化的饮食为主，做到定时、定量、有节制。此外，补充日常生活所需热量的食物。
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二手烟吸多了怎么办？抽烟的危害很多人都知道，其实不谈抽烟的重大影响。很多的时候，不抽烟的我们无形之中也是在吸二手烟，二手烟即被动吸烟、环境烟草烟雾，二手烟对人体健康造成更大的伤害，是全球重大死亡原因。含有40多种致癌物质，二手烟吸多了怎么办？1.告诉吸烟者，吸烟的危害。如果是家里的亲人，习惯性吸烟，特别是爸爸他们，吸了半辈子烟，戒烟并不是那么容易的，但还是要跟他们聊聊，吸烟的危害，特别是年龄越大，吸烟的疾病就越发明显。2.吃降低胆固醇的食物。由于抽烟可使血管中的胆固醇及脂肪堆积量加大，大脑供血量削减，易致脑萎缩，加快大脑老化等。3.别人抽烟，你就出去避让。当无法劝说家人的时候，当他抽烟，你就有意去避让，比如爸爸在客厅抽烟，你就回房间里，或者走出去避让，尽量不让自己被迫吸二手烟。当避让的次数多了，家人们也会有意控制着自己的烟瘾的了。4.养护血管。鳕鱼、三文鱼等深海鱼。吸烟会明显增加心血管事件的发生率。深海鱼富含的欧米伽—3不饱和脂肪酸，能够降低患心血管疾病的风险，每周应该吃1—2次。此外，牛奶能降低有毒物质对胃肠的损害。5.吸入二手烟后马上洗脸洗手，洗头洗澡可以很好的缓解，换衣服也可以制止二手烟对身体的伤害，但是要及时的清洗。同时要保持通风良好，通风好就可以缓解二手烟停留的时间。以上就是关于二手烟吸多了怎么办的介绍，此外在日常生活方面，要做到勤洗澡，勤换洗衣服，应特别注意在大量吸二手烟或者接触其他污染物之后要尽快洗澡并换洗衣服，避免身体吸入更多毒素，尽快避让吸烟者，不让自己被迫吸入二手烟。
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多夫·錫格勒（，），本名尼可拉斯·席奧多·尼克·內莫斯（），是美國職業摔角選手和棟篤笑演員。他目前受聘於世界摔角娛樂（WWE），並在Raw品牌亮相。
冠軍及成就
世界摔角娛樂
NXT冠軍（一次）
世界重量級冠軍（二次）
WWE美國冠軍（二次）
WWE洲際冠軍（六次）
WWE SmackDown雙打冠軍（一次）- 與（一次）
WWE Raw雙打冠軍（二次）- 與祖魯·麥金泰爾（一次）和（一次）
世界雙打冠軍（一次；與）
公事包大戰（2012年；世界重量級冠軍合約）
衝擊大賞最佳推特社交管理冠軍（2014年）
衝擊大賞年度最佳賽事（2014年；在與希南小隊對上）
第22位世界摔角娛樂三冠王
擂台招式
終結技
Zig Zag（跳躍式牛頭犬反面顏面粉碎）
Super Kick（超級強力踢）也兼作常用技
常用技
Drop Kick（跳躍式飛踢）
Famouser（腿部墜擊式牛頭犬顏面粉碎）
Jumping DDT（高彈跳DDT）
參考資料
外部連結
多夫·錫格勒在WWE官方網站的介紹
WWE摔角手
美國職業摔角手
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可不可以修补处女膜？对于那些思想传统的人来说，男性也会很在意处女膜，现在做处女膜修补的女性已经很多了，处女膜是覆在阴道口的一层较薄的粘膜，虽然大家需要修复处女膜的原因不尽相同，但的确有越来越多的女性接受处女膜修复手术，那么处女膜是否可以修补呢？青春期前，女性的生殖器官尚未发育完善，阴道的粘膜较薄弱、酸度也较低，因而不能阻拦细菌的入侵。而这时的处女膜较厚，也就担负起这一重任，起到保护女性生殖系统的作用。青春期后，女性的生殖器官逐渐发育完善，阴道已经具有抵抗细菌入侵的作用，而处女膜却逐渐变得薄弱，也就失去了这一作用。所以，对于发育成熟的女性来说，处女膜已经不再具有什么生理功能了。处女膜是阴道外口一环形黏膜皱襞，其形态及厚薄因人而异，常见的有半月状或环状，少数人呈筛状、隔膜状。婚后或有过性生活史者及有过外伤等，处女膜则破裂，破裂后的残迹称处女膜痕，主要有裂隙形、分块形、菊花瓣形3种。处女膜修补就是对这些缺少感觉和血运的瘢痕裂隙进行修复。处女膜修复术是一种依靠手术的方法来恢复已经受损的处女膜，使其性交出血，从而达到解除患者的心理负担、增强自信心、提高生活质量的社会目的。处女膜修复手术方法简单，无副作用，手术全程大约需要十几分钟。处女膜修复术前要做全面的妇科检查，如果女性有阴道炎或者性病的话，一定要先进行治疗，必须等炎症完成消除了一会才能进行这项手术，保证手术的正常进行。处女膜修补手术应避开月经期，手术一般按排在月经净后三天至月经期前十天较好，也就是说在月经净后三天至月经期前十天之间任何一天都可以按排处女膜修补手术。手术前做好手术部位的清洁工作，以防术后感染。上面文章就是关于处女膜修补的一些信息，从上面我们可以知道处女膜可以通过手术来修复，尽管现在的整形手术相对而言已发展得较为成熟，但是作为一个女生，还是要学会如何保护自己。要做到避免经常做过多的激烈运动，正确地清洗外阴部，以及正确使用内置式卫生棉条。
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Amparo Quintos Posadas-Sandoval (born March 16, 1987), better known as Paw Diaz is a Filipino former actress. She came to mainstream attention when she joined ABS-CBN's reality artist search, Star Circle Quest, where she emerged as a finalist.
Career
Diaz came to mainstream attention when she joined ABS-CBN's reality artist search, Star Circle Quest, where she emerged as a finalist.
She is known for doing afternoon dramas in supporting or special participation roles and became the lead role as Wilda Abrantes in the 2010 mini-afternoon series of Precious Hearts Romances Romance-Drama fiction author Martha Cecila in The Substitute Bride opposite Rafael Rosell. Her biggest break was playing the 1996 antagonist Soraya Montenegro who was originally portrayed by Character Actress Itatí Cantoral in the Remake Mexican International Television Hit Maria la del Barrio to the lead character with the title name portrayed by Erich Gonzales and originally played by Mexican Queen of Entertainment and Telenovela's Thalia, which aired on the primetime slot in 2011.
She recently staged a brief comeback by landing a role in the Singaporean web series Asian Billionaires.
Filmography
Film
Can This Be Love - Ria (2005)
All About Love
Eternity - Lilay (2006)
Paano Kita Iibigin - Maureen (2007)
In My Life (2009) as Cherry Salvacion
Pak! Pak! My Dr. Kwak! (2011) as Doctor Diaz
Television
Men's Magazine Covergirl
FHM Philippines - August 2009
References
1987 births
21st-century Filipino actresses
Filipino child actresses
Filipino film actresses
Filipino television actresses
Living people
People from San Pedro, Laguna
Actresses from Laguna (province)
Star Circle Quest participants
Star Magic
Members of Iglesia ni Cristo
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Beer in Iceland likely dates back to the island's settlement by Norsemen. In more modern history beer was effectively banned in Iceland for most of the 20th century. Since that ban was lifted in 1989, Iceland's consumption of beer has increased markedly and new breweries have begun to emerge.
Early history
Iceland's early settlers came from cultures where drinking beer and mead was commonplace. Poems such as the reference the drinking of ale (). The climate of Iceland (particularly the cooling trend of the Little Ice Age, 1300–1850 locally) may have made beer production difficult as it became impossible to produce barley domestically.
Prohibition
By the early 20th century, Icelandic attitudes toward beer and alcohol had shifted. A temperance movement similar to that in other countries pushed for a ban on moral grounds. In Iceland there was a political aspect to the movement as well: as the Icelandic independence movement began to form, beer was often associated with Denmark and thus "not the patriotic drink of choice."
In a 1908 referendum, 60.1% of voters approved a complete ban on alcohol set to take effect on January 1, 1915. This ban was partially lifted in 1921 in response to a trade dispute with Spain and Portugal; the two countries threatened to stop importing Iceland's salt cod if they did not allow for the importing of Spanish and Portuguese wines. Public support for the complete ban eventually began to fade and, in a 1933 referendum, 57.7% of voters approved lifting the ban.
Despite the referendum lifting prohibition, beer was still prohibited from containing more than 2.25% alcohol by volume (well below the 4–5% of an average beer). Some full-strength beer was smuggled into the country or produced by homebrewers. Icelanders also worked around the restriction by adding strong alcohol such as Brennivin to their beers which, while effective, was described by historian Unnar Ingvarsson as tasting "interesting and totally disgusting."
In 1979, an Icelandic businessman, Davíð Scheving Thorsteinsson, attempted to bring beer into the country after a business trip. His beer was confiscated but he refused to pay the fine, arguing he should have the same right to purchase beer from a duty-free shop that airline personnel and foreign tourists were allowed to. While he lost his case the resulting press and attention provoked a new law which permitted Icelanders to bring 6 litres (12.2 pints) of foreign beer into the country.
In May 1988, the Althing passed legislation legalizing beer above . The restrictions were lifted on March 1, 1989. The lifting of restrictions on beer is celebrated as Beer Day on March 1.
Post-prohibition
After the prohibition on beer was lifted, Icelandic drinking habits shifted away from hard alcohol to beer and wine. Between 1989 and 2007, per capita liquor sales decreased by nearly half while per capita beer sales more than doubled. Sales in 2007 were 19.4 million litres. A 2014 World Health Organization report showed that 62% of the alcohol consumed by Icelanders came from beer.
The two largest domestic brewers in Iceland are Egill Skallagrímsson Brewery and Víking (part of Coca-Cola European Partners). Beginning in the late 2000s more small craft brewers have emerged which produce a wider variety of styles and have even won international awards for their beers. The terms and are the most commonly encountered term for brewery.
Beer sales
Off-premises alcohol sales in Iceland are only available through the state-owned State Alcohol and Tobacco Company of Iceland (ÁTVR). They operate a chain of 46 stores called Vínbúðin. A bill was proposed in 2015 to end the state's monopoly on alcohol sales.
Beer brands
This is a non-exhaustive list of Icelandic beer brands.
6a Kraftöl in Akureyri
22.10 Handverksbrugghús in Grindavik (founded 2019)
Austri brewery in Egilsstaðir (founded in 2017)
Álfur brewery in Garðabær (established 2018)
Beljandi Brewery in Breiðdalsvík (founded 2017)
The Icelandic Beercenter - Bjórsetur Íslands (Established 2007)
Borg Brewery in Reykjavík (founded in 2010 within Ölgerðin)
Bruggsmiðjan Kaldi Brewery / The Beer Spa (founded 2006)
Bryggjan brewery in Reykjavík (established 2015, bankrupt 2020)
Dokkan Brewery in Ísafjörður (established 2017)
Unique Ölgerð in Akureyri (founded in 2010 within Vifilfell)
Gæðingur Öl in Kópavogur (founded 2011) - Gæðingur Brugghús
Húsavík Öl in Húsavík (founded 2017)
Jón Ríki Brewery / Restaurant in Höfn
KHB Brugghús Brewery & Distillery in Borgarfjörður (founded 2020)
Lady Brewery in Reykjavík (founded in 2017 as a nomadic brewery)
Litla Brugghúsið in Garður (founded 2020)
Malbygg in Reykjavík (founded 2017)
Og natura in Hafnarfjörður
RVK Bruggfélag, currently named RVK Brewing Co. (established 2017)
Sanitas (founded in Reykjavík in 1905, merged with Sana and moved to Akureyri in 1978 and first started beer production)
Segull 67 in Siglufjörður (founded 2015)
Smiðjan Brugghús in Vík (established 2018)
Steðji Brugghús in Borgarfjörður (founded 2012)
The Brothers Brewery in the Westman Islands (founded in 2013 as a home brewer in the basement, received a production license at the beginning of 2016)
Vífilfell in Reykjavík (founded in 1942, Sól-Víking merged under the Vífilfell brand and first started beer production)
Víking hf in Akureyri (founded in 1939 as Efnagerð Siglufjörður, became Efnagerð Akureyrar in 1962 and started beer production as Sana hf in 1966, merged with Sanitas under its brand in 1978, became Víking hf in 1994, merged with Sól hf in 1997 and became Sól-Víking, merged with Vífilfell under its brand).
Ægir Brewery in Reykjavík (founded in 2015)
Ölgerðarhús Reykjavíkur (1912-1915)
Ölgerðin Egil Skallagrímsson in Reykjavík (founded 1913)
Ölgerðin Óðinn in Reykjavík (founded 1944)
Ölgerðin Þór in Reykjavík (founded 1930, merged with Egil 1932)
Ölverk Pizza and brewery (founded in Hveragerði 2017)
Ölvisholt brewery in Flóahreppur (founded 2007)
Gallery
See also
Beer and breweries by region
References
External links
RateBeer
Coca-Cola European Partners Iceland (formerly Vifilfell Brewery)
Ölgerðin (the Egill Skallagrímsson Brewery)
The Ölvisholt Brewery
Reykjavik Brewing Company
Gæðingur Brugghús
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肩胛骨肌肉粘连的症状？肌肉粘连是一种肌肉炎症。肌肉粘连相当于中医的筋结，肩部受风寒湿邪侵袭，容易引起肩周炎，尤其50岁左右的人发病率最高，故又称“五十肩”。肌肉粘连相当于中医的筋结，肩部受风寒湿邪侵袭，容易引起肩周炎，尤其50岁左右的人发病率最高，故又称“五十肩”。轻则表现为患侧肩部一处或几处疼痛不适，重则由于肩关节周围肌肉明显痉挛，使手不能梳头，甚至不能穿衣服。预防肩周炎，最理想又简单的方法是平时注意肩部保暖，防止风寒湿邪侵袭。对肌肉粘连的程度做一个全面的检查，最好去大一些的医院，详细地了解肌肉粘连的部位、面积、是否有新生肌腱等等情况，以及做常规的血液化验，了解血液中各种蛋白、蛋白酶的情况。很多大医院的医生，会根据以上的检查数据给病人一些有针对性的物理康复建议。开始阶段是愈合性训练，主要是让受损的肌肉组织愈合伤口和创面；然后使肌肉功能恢复性训练，逐渐的恢复肌肉的纤维组织，包括纤维组织的条理性、弹性、血液携氧量、饱和度等；最后阶段是肌肉的粘连面清晰训练，这个阶段主要是通过配合器械训练，增加肌肉的耐力和拉伸的张度，逐渐使粘连的肌肉自然分离，恢复到受伤前的状态。面对墙壁而立,双手爬墙,争取高度每天上升。手指对叉,屈肘翻腕,掌心向上,用力向天上托举。3、双手在身后相握,手背紧贴腰背,尽量上提,以碰到肩胛骨为度。患侧手搭对侧肩膀,以健侧手推患侧肘摸背部。上述锻炼可从不同方向活动肩关节与韧带,逐步恢复其功能。5.每天早晨抡胳膊。正抡40下,反抡40下,两臂各抡一遍
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田坝镇，是下辖的一个乡镇级行政单位。
行政区划
田坝镇下辖以下地区：
。
参考资料
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阿姆利孔-比瑟格是瑞士的城鎮，位於該國東北部，由圖爾高州負責管轄，面積14.43平方公里，海拔高度422米，2012年人口1,285，五成半人口信奉基督教，人口密度每平方公里89人。
图尔高州的市镇
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李瑞（），男，直隶（今河北）望都县人，中华人民共和国政治人物，曾任中华人民共和国第四机械工业部副部长，国家电子计算机工业总局局长。
参考资料
Rui
望都人
中国共产党党员 (1938年入党)
中华人民共和国第四机械工业部副部长
国家电子计算机工业总局局长
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张烈，是一名中国足球运动员，现效力中国足球甲级联赛球队北京人和，司职守门员。
俱乐部生涯
2000年，张烈进入家乡球队沈阳海狮的一线队名单，开始职业足球生涯。他在该赛季甲A联赛0比2不敌北京国安的比赛中上演职业生涯首秀。2001赛季，由于联赛取消升降制度，球队以锻炼新人为主，张烈也成为球队的主力门将，该赛季沈阳金德以2胜1平23负的成绩联赛垫底。2002年，前国门韩文海的加盟使得张烈重新成为二号门将。2004年，张烈终于再次成为球队的主力守门员，在该赛季的22场中超联赛比赛中全部出场。
2005年，张烈拒绝沈阳金德开出的五年长约，随后被俱乐部封杀一年。2006年初，处于门将荒的沈阳金德和张烈重新签约，但赛季开始不久后他再次被封杀。由于当时中国转会制度的限制，张烈无法自由转会到其他球队，只能选择退役，担任征战新加坡职业足球联赛的辽宁广原守门员教练。
2008年，中国足球乙级联赛球队沈阳东进向金德购买张烈的所有权，张烈终于重返绿茵场。他在该赛季帮助球队获得中乙联赛冠军并升级到中甲联赛。2011年初，和沈阳东进合同到期的张烈重返中超，自由转会到陕西浐灞。沈阳东进一度认为张烈以自由身转会浐灞并不合法，向中国足协仲裁委员会上诉。但在3月23日，中国足协认定张烈的转会合法，驳回沈阳东进的诉讼请求。张烈迅速成为球队的主力门将，在2011赛季出场29次。2012年初随队南迁贵阳，并在2012赛季在联赛中保持全勤，帮助球队获得联赛第四名和足协杯亚军，历史上首次获得亚足联冠军联赛参赛资格。
国家队生涯
2004年，张烈曾进入阿里汉执教的中国国家足球队集训名单，但没有得到出场机会。2011年6月8日，张烈在中国2比0击败朝鲜的友谊赛中出场，上演国家队的处子秀。
荣誉
沈阳东进
中国足球乙级联赛冠军：2008
参考资料
沈阳籍足球运动员
中国国家男子足球队运动员
中超球员
中甲球员
长沙金德球员
沈阳东进球员
陕西中新球员
足球守门员
Lie
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脑梗塞能活多久？脑梗塞能活多久，轻度的脑梗塞对生活的质量没有影响，可以长期的存活，如果情况严重，比如出现了偏瘫或是瘫痪在床，就会对全身的其它器官产生影响，如发生肺部的感染、褥疮、下肢深静脉血栓等症，这些并发症会严重的影响到生存期。脑梗死的患者存活的时间与梗死面积、梗死的范围以及是否出现的并发症有关系。如果是脑干梗的死或者大面积的梗死，往往患者需要长期的卧床，神志不清，会出现褥疮、坠积性肺炎、泌尿系感染等一系列并发症，而患者通常死于并发症。如果仅仅的是腔隙性脑梗死或者小面积的梗死，不影响患者的日常工作与生活，或者仅存有的轻微的偏瘫、失语，患者日常的生活不受影响的话，一般不会影响到患者的生存质量，只要积极的进行脑血管病二级预防，就可以防止反复的发作。患者需要保持乐观，保证睡眠，进行脑血管病二级预防，患者也不要太担心了，家人要多给患有一些鼓励，让患者树立起信心，不要让患者自己自暴自弃。脑梗塞具体能活多久需要综合的考虑，考虑的因素包括脑梗死的位置，脑梗塞的范围，以及患者是否因为脑梗塞、长期的卧床出现其他严重的并发症，如肺部的感染以及下肢血栓形成等，并且需要考虑患者的康复情况等。脑梗具体的存活时间是一个综合考虑了经济、照料、患者病情各方面因素的判断。患者的脑梗塞能活多久要根据患者的病情轻重以及治疗的恢复的程度来看。脑梗塞是指因脑部的血供应的障碍，缺血缺氧所导致的局限性脑组织的缺血性坏死和软化，多见于45岁到70岁有心脑血管疾病的患者。
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is a Japanese actor, comedian and narrator. In August 1994, he teamed up with Yoshiyuki Ishizuka to form the comedy duo "Ari to kirigirisu" or "Ant to the Grasshopper" . He has had roles in such works as The Incite Mill (2010), Suite Dreams (2006), Journey to the West (2006).
Filmography
Film
Television
References
External links
Masanori Ishii (official blog)
Masanori Ishii (personal blog)
1973 births
Living people
Japanese male comedians
21st-century Japanese male actors
Japanese male television actors
People from Yokohama
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Jean de Labadie (13 February 1610 – 13 February 1674) was a 17th-century French Pietist. Originally a Jesuit priest, he became a member of the Reformed Church in 1650, before founding the community which became known as the Labadists in 1669. At its height the movement numbered around 600 with thousands of adherents further afield. It attracted some notable female converts such as the famed poet and scholar, Anna Maria van Schurman, and the entomological artist
Maria Merian.
Labadie combined the influences of Jansenism, Precicianism, and Reformed Pietism, developing a form of radical Christianity with an emphasis upon holiness and Christian communal living. Labadie's teachings gained hold in the Netherlands.
Life
The son of an officer, he entered the Jesuit Order in 1625, was ordained in 1635, but left in 1639 due to poor health and tensions with the other brothers. He then worked as a diocesan priest in Bordeaux, Paris and Amiens. He turned to Jansenism and intensive study of the Bible, and began to be drawn to Calvinism. He regarded himself as divinely inspired. Cardinal Mazarin had him transferred to southern France in 1646 as a disturber of the peace, where he changed his allegiance to the Reformed Church in 1650 at Montauban.
He served as a pastor and professor of theology at Montauban from 1652 to 1657. In 1659 he was pastor in Geneva, where he gathered around him disciples notably; Pierre Yvon Pierre Dulignon, François Menuret, and Friedrich Theodor Untereyck Spanheim.
In 1666 he was appointed preacher at Middelburg in the Netherlands, but in 1669 was dismissed for his theological views. He then founded a house church in Amsterdam which served as a model for later foundations, but which was persecuted. He moved on, in 1670, with his pupil Anna Maria van Schurman and his congregation into a house in Herford, Germany, provided as a refuge for persecuted spiritualists by Elisabeth of the Palatinate, the Calvinist abbess of the Lutheran convent in that city.
Here, too, he was pressed and harassed, and in 1672 he left and walked to Altona, Duchy of Holstein. Labadie died in 1674 in that German city which belonged then to the Danish crown. The movement continued both in Europe and America, but had dissipated by 1732.
Works
Labadie's most influential writing was The Reform of the Church Through the Pastorate (1667).
Introduction à la piété dans les Mystères, Paroles et ceremonies de la Messe, Amiens, 1642.
Odes sacrées sur le Très-adorable et auguste Mystère du S. Sacrement de l'Autel, Amiens, 1642.
Traité de la Solitude chrestienne, ou la vie retirée du siècle, Paris, 1645.
Déclaration de Jean de Labadie, cy-devant prestre, predicateur et chanoine d'Amiens, contenant les raisons qui l'ont obligé à quitter la communion de l'Eglise Romaine pour se ranger à celle de l'Eglise Réformée, Montauban, 1650.
Lettre de Jean de Labadie à ses amis de la Communion Romaine touchant sa Declaration, Montauban, 1651.
Les Elevations d'esprit à Dieu, ou Contemplations fort instruisantes sur les plus grands Mysteres de la Foy, Montauban, 1651.
Les Entretiens d'esprit durant le jour; ou Reflexions importantes sur la vie humaine, ...sur le Christianisme, ...sur le besoin de la Reformation de ses Moeurs, Montauban, 1651.
Le Bon Usage de l'Eucharistie, Montauban, 1656.
Practique des Oraisons, mentale et vocale..., Montauban, 1656.
Recueil de quelques Maximes importantes de Doctrine, de Conduite et de Pieté Chrestienne, Montauban, 1657 (Geneva, 1659).
Les Saintes Décades de Quatrains de Pieté Chretienne touchant à la connoissance de Dieu, son honneur, son amour et l'union de l'âme avec lui, Orange, 1658 (Geneva, 1659, Amsterdam, 1671).
La pratique de l'oraison et meditation Chretienne, Geneva, 1660.
Le Iûne religieus ou le moyen de le bien faire, Geneva, 1665.
Jugement charitable et juste sur l'état present des Juifs, Amsterdam 1667.
Le Triomphe de l'Eucharistie, ou la vraye doctrine du St. Sacrement, avec les moyens d'y bien participer, Amsterdam, 1667.
Le Héraut du Grand Roy Jesus, ou Eclaircissement de la doctrine de Jean de Labadie, pasteur, sur le Règne glorieux de Jésus-Christ et de ses saints en la terre aux derniers temps, Amsterdam, 1667.
L'Idée d'un bon pasteur et d'une bonne Eglise, Amsterdam, 1667.
Les Divins Herauts de la Penitence au Monde..., Amsterdam, 1667.
La Reformation de l'Eglise par le Pastorat, Middelburg, 1667.
Le Veritable Exorcisme, Amsterdam, 1667.
Le Discernement d'une Veritable Eglise suivant l'Ecriture Sainte, Amsterdam, 1668.
La Puissance eclesiastique bornée à l'Ecriture et par Elle..., Amsterdam, 1668.
Manuel de Pieté, Middelburg 1668.
Declaration Chrestienne et sincère de plusieurs Membres de l'Eglise de Dieu et de Jésus-Christ touchant les Justes Raisons et les Motifs qui les obligent à n'avoir point de Communion avec le synode dit Vualon, La Haye, 1669.
Points fondamentaux de la vie vraimant Chretiene, Amsterdam 1670.
Abrégé du Veritable Christianisme et Téoretique et pratique..., Amsterdam, 1670.
Le Chant Royal du Grand Roy Jésus, ou les Hymnes et Cantiques de l'Aigneau..., Amsterdam, 1670.
Receüil de diverses Chansons Spiritüeles, Amsterdam, 1670.
L'Empire du S. Esprit sur les Ames..., Amsterdam, 1671.
Eclaircissement ou Declaration de la Foy et de la pureté des sentimens en la doctrine des Srs. Jean de Labadie, Pierre Yvon, Pierre Dulignon..., Amsterdam, 1671.
Veritas sui vindex, seu solemnis fidei declaratio..., Herfordiae, 1672.
Jesus revelé de nouveau..., Altona, 1673.
Fragmens de quelques poesies et sentimens d'esprit..., Amsterdam, 1678.
Poésies sacrées de l'amour divin, Amsterdam, 1680.
Recueil de Cantiques spirituels, Amsterdam, 1680.
Le Chretien regeneré ou nul, Amsterdam, 1685.
See also
Labadists
Anna Maria van Schurman
Maria Sibylla Merian
Albertine Elizabeth
References
Translation
Article from the 1914 Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge
Further reading
Trevor John Saxby, The quest for the new Jerusalem, Jean de Labadie and the Labadists, 1610-1744, Dordrecht-Boston-Lancaster, 1987.
Michel de Certeau, La Fable mystique: XVIe-XVIIe siècle, Paris, 1987.
Pierre Antoine Fabre, Nicolas Fornerod, Sophie Houdard et Maria Cristina Pitassi (sous la dir. de ), Lire Jean de Labadie (1610-1674). Fondation et affranchissement, Paris, Classiques Garnier, 2016, .
Fabrizio Frigerio, L'historiographie de Jean de Labadie, Etat de la question, Genève, 1976.
Fabrizio Frigerio, "La poesia di Jean de Labadie e la mistica quietista", Conoscenza religiosa, 1978, No. 1, p. 60-66.
M. Goebel, Geschichte des christlichen Lebens in der rheinischwestphälischen evangelischen Kirche, II. Das siebzehnte Jahrhundert oder die herrschende Kirche und die Sekten, Coblenz, 1852.
W. Goeters, Die Vorbereitung des Pietismus in der reformierten Kirche der Niederlande bis zur labadistischen Krisis 1670, Leipzig, 1911.
Cornelis B. Hylkema, Reformateurs. Geschiedkündige studiën over de godsdienstige bewegingen uit de nadagen onzer gouden eeuw, Haarlem, 1900-1902.
Leszek Kolakowsky, Chrétiens sans Eglise, La Conscience religieuse et le lien confessionnel au XVIIe siècle, Paris, 1969.
Alain Joblin, "Jean de Labadie (1610-1674): un dissident au XVIIe siècle?", Mélanges de sciences religieuses, 2004, vol. 61, n.2, p. 33-44.
Anne Lagny, (éd.), Les piétismes à l'âge classique. Crise, conversion, institutions, Villeneuve- d'Ascq, 2001.
Johannes Lindeboom, Stiefkideren van het christendom, La Haye, 1929.
Georges Poulet, Les métamorphoses du cercle, Paris, 1961.
Jean Rousset, "Un brelan d'oubliés", L'esprit créateur, 1961, t. 1, p. 61-100.
M. Smits van Waasberghe, "Het ontslag van Jean de Labadie uit de Societeit van Jezus", Ons geesteljk erf, 1952, p. 23-49.
Otto E. Strasser-Bertrand - Otto J. De Jong, Geschichte des Protestantismus in Frankreich und den Niederlanden, Göttingen, 1975.
Daniel Vidal, Jean de Labadie (1610-1674) Passion mystique et esprit de Réforme, Grenoble, 2009.
H. Van Berkum, De Labadie en de Labadisten, eene bladzijde uit de geschiedenis der Nederlandse Hervormde Kerk, Snek, 1851.
John of Labadie is mentioned in John Greenleaf Whittier's poem "Andrew Rykman's Prayer" q.v.
Radical Pietism
1610 births
1674 deaths
Former Jesuits
Converts to Calvinism from Roman Catholicism
French Jesuits
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慢性肝炎和大三阳区别？大三阳是肝炎的一种，肝炎分为急性和慢性，而大三阳是属于慢性肝炎。目前病毒性肝炎主要分甲型、乙型、丙型等病毒感染引起的肝炎。肝炎分为急性肝炎和慢性肝炎。但平时大家对病毒性肝炎最熟悉，所以习惯地把病毒性肝炎简称为“肝炎”。而大三阳又叫做乙肝大三阳是属于慢性的乙型肝炎病毒引起的病毒性肝炎，通常两对半检查的结果是表面抗原和E抗原还有核心抗体这三者阳性，这情况说明乙肝病毒在人体内不断复制，而大三阳是相对较严重的一种。因为乙肝是有非常强的传染性，所以现在社会中有很多人都患有乙肝，而乙肝大三阳是属于比较严重的情况。一般乙肝大三阳患者没有什么症状，有些可能出现比如感觉肝区不舒服、隐痛、浑身无力、面色发黄等，甚至出现黄疸的情况。但是不能单纯通过外在的大三阳的症状来判断是否得了乙肝大三阳，需要做两对半检查和肝功能检查以后才能确定病情。乙肝大三阳的病因包括家族型遗传，婴幼儿时期感染，有其他肝病史者感染病毒，漏诊等。然而大三阳，可以根据人体自身的免疫力发生改变，并不是终身不变的。通常儿童、青少年时期携带HBV，大都是“免疫耐受期”，只是HBV的的携带者，不发病。但是到了中年或者老年阶段，“免疫耐受期”就会转入“病毒清除期”，依靠人体的免疫功能将HBV清除。大三阳可以转变为小三阳。乙肝大三阳是属于病毒感染引起的，在体内复制活跃，具有极强的传染性，传播途径主要通过性传播、血液传播、密切生活接触传播。乙肝大三阳对肝脏造成的损伤程度很大，造成肝细胞坏死，当大三阳的肝功能出现异常之后，很大的可能会发展为肝纤维或者肝硬化，甚至严重的会引起癌变的倾向。肝炎与乙肝小三阳虽然同是肝炎，在本质上还是有所不同的，不同肝炎只要注意一下饮食，再加以吃点药，一般是很容易好的，而乙肝小三阳则需要好好观察治疗，在用药方面很有讲究，如果不好好治疗的话，会很容易转变成乙肝大三阳的。
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Thomas Louis Spence (April 17, 1896 – November 27, 1918) was an American college football player. Spence also played on the baseball, basketball, and track teams.
Georgia Tech
Football
Spence was a prominent fullback for John Heisman's Georgia Tech Golden Tornado of the Georgia Institute of Technology from 1914 to 1916 . He was posthumously elected to the Georgia Tech Athletics Hall of Fame in 1976.
1915
In 1915, near the end of the LSU game, he returned an interception 85 yards. He made a 40-yard drop kick field goal against North Carolina.
1916
Spence was a starter for the 1916 team which, as one writer wrote, "seemed to personify Heisman." In Georgia Tech's record-setting 222-0 win over Cumberland College in 1916, Spence scored the second-most behind Everett Strupper when he netted five touchdowns. He was selected All-Southern that season. Walter Camp gave him honorable mention.
World War I
Spence was a casualty of the World War I. He is the namesake of Spence Air Base.
References
External links
1896 births
1918 deaths
Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets football players
American football fullbacks
All-Southern college football players
American military personnel killed in World War I
Baseball outfielders
Forwards (basketball)
Players of American football from Thomasville, Georgia
American football drop kickers
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白背枫是什么?？白背枫，又名扬波、山埔姜、白埔姜、驳骨丹，是玄参科醉鱼草属的植物。分布于老挝、巴布亚新几内亚、尼泊尔、菲律宾、马来西亚、越南、缅甸、巴基斯坦、柬埔寨、泰国、印度、台湾岛、印度尼西亚、不丹、锡金以及中国大陆的云南、四川、贵州、江西、湖南、陕西、湖北、广西、广东、西藏、福建、海南等地，生长于海拔200米至3,000米左右的开阔林地——无论是作为下层的灌木丛，还是作为一棵小树。白背枫最初由若昂·德理路在1790年时被描述，并于1874年被引进英国，接着在1993年时获得RHS。它在夏威夷、关岛和北马里亚纳群岛有着高度侵略性。由于物种种类繁多，它因此获得了很多别名。
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Kamlesh Shah is an Indian politician and a member of the Indian National Congress party.
Career
Political career
He became an MLA in 2013.
He is the MLA of Amarwara (Vidhan Sabha constituency) and visits the villages and interacts with villages about the development works carried out in this region.
Political views
He supports Congress Party's Ideology.
Personal life
He is married to Mrs. Madhvi Shah.
See also
Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly
2013 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
2008 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
References
Indian National Congress politicians
1972 births
Living people
Indian National Congress politicians from Madhya Pradesh
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The sculpture of Nepal is best known for small religious figures and ritual objects in bronze or copper alloy, but also has other strengths. The Newar people of Nepal had a long-lasting specialism in casting small bronze figures, mostly religious and especially Buddhist, considerable numbers of which were exported to India and Tibet over many centuries.
Stylistic history
Though the most common survivals are small figures, for reasons of climate and history, Nepal also has an unusual quantity of surviving large sculptures in wood and bronze, which have mostly been lost in India, where significant quantities of metal sculpture from temples have only survived in Tamil Nadu and other parts of the far south. Though there are small figures similar to those in bronze, most woodcarving is architectural, including the elaborate Newar windows.
Nepali sculpture draws influences from the sculpture and artistic styles of Indian art, of the Gupta and Pala Empires in particular. The majority of the surviving sculptures depict religious figures and subjects, drawn from both Hinduism and Buddhism, as the two religions have coexisted peacefully in the Nepalese region for over two thousand years.
Although drawing on the sculptural traditions of India, and the religious iconography of Buddhism and Hinduism, Nepalese sculpture evolved into its own distinctive style, with a tendency towards more ornate flourishes, exaggerated physical postures and elongated depictions of facial features. In Nepal, as in Tibet, "the last phase of Buddhist art in India enjoyed a prolongation of nearly a thousand years", as Buddhism virtually disappeared in India itself. Style in metal continued to develop until recent centuries, until about the 17th century, after which it changed little.
Newar artists
Historically, Newars mostly followed a distinct non-monastic form of Newar Buddhism, and had their own caste system. As in medieval India, artists worked on both Hindu and Buddhist sculptures, in very largely the same style. They mostly lived in the Kathmandu valley.
Araniko, known mainly as an architect and painter, but also a sculptor in bronze, is the best-known Newar artist. In 1278 he led a group of 60 (or 80) Newar craftsmen, mostly metalworkers, sent to Tibet, and subsequently the court of Kubilai Khan in China, where he remained.
The Licchavi period, named after the ruling Licchavi family, spanned 400-750 AD. A sculpture of Baman Tribikram erected by Lichchhavi king Man Dev is considered to be the oldest sculpture in Nepal. Sculptures that were created during the Licchchhavi period include ones of Palanchowk Bhagawati, Budhanilkantha, etc. The statues inside Changu Narayan Temple and around it, statue of Palanchowk Bhagawati, statue of Budhanilkantha are few examples of sculptures made during the Licchchhavi period of time.
Malla period
The rulers of the Malla period (c. 1201–1779 CE) patronized both Buddhist and Hindu beliefs and traditions, which led to both forms of religious iconography flourishing in art and sculpture. The Newar people that originally inhabited the Kathmandu Valley traveled extensively through the region and became the dominant influence in terms of artistic style throughout the region and extending out through the Himalayas.Works of deities including Ganesha, Shiva, Vishnu, Surya, Laxmi, Saraswati, Gautama Buddha, etc. were created during this period. Other figures of kings and gods were also common pieces. Advancements in technique included the development of molding, the sculpting of clothing ornaments, and themes based on Tantric thought and practice.
Examples
Notes
References
Pal, Pratapaditya. 1970. Vaisnava Iconology in Nepal: A Study in Art and Religion. (Calcutta: The Asia Society).
Pal, Pratapaditya. 1974a. Buddhist Art in Licchavi Nepal. Marg Publications. Vol. 27. No. 3 (June 1974).
Pal, Pratapaditya. 1974b. The Arts of Nepal, Part I: Sculpture. (Leiden: E. J. Brill).
Pal, Pratapaditya. 1978. The Arts of Nepal, Part II: Painting. (Leiden: E. J. Brill).
Slusser, Mary Shepherd. 1982. Nepal Mandala. Two Vols. (Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton University Press).
Bangdel, Lain S. 1982. The Early Sculptures of Nepal. (New Delhi: Vikas Publication).
Bangdel, Lain S. 1987. 2500 Years of Nepalese Art. (Leipzig: VEB A. Seemann Verlag).
Bangdel, Lain S. 1987. Zweitausendfünfhundert Jahre nepalesische Kunst. (München: List Verlag).
Schick, Jürgen. 1989. Die Götter verlassen das Land: Kunstraub in Nepal. (Graz: Akademische Druck- u. Verlagsanstalt).
Bangdel, Lain S. 1989. Stolen Images of Nepal. (Kathmandu: Royal Nepal Academy).
Bangdel, Lain S. 1995. Inventory of Stone Sculptures of the Kathmandu Valley. (Kathmandu: Royal Nepal Academy).
Bangdel, Lain S. and Aryal, Mukunda Raj. 1996. A Report on the Study of Iconography of Kathmandu Valley and their Preservation and Protection. (Kathmandu: Department of Archaeology, Nepal, 2053 [1996]).
Schick, Jürgen. 1998. The Gods are Leaving the Country: Art Theft From Nepal. [Revised English Edition]. (Bangkok: Orchid Press, 1998).
von Schroeder, Ulrich. 2019. Nepalese Stone Sculptures. Volume One: Hindu; Volume Two: Buddhist. (Visual Dharma Publications, 2019). 1556 pages with 2960 illustrations (duo-tone with numerous colour illustrations); 345 x 240 mm; bound with slipcase. Includes glossary, bibliography, chronological table, and index. SD card with more than 15,000 digital photos.
Nepal
Nepalese art
Asian sculpture
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东兴街道，是下辖的一个乡镇级行政单位。
行政区划
东兴街道下辖以下地区：
。
参考资料
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病毒感染乙肝怎么治疗？乙肝病毒的传染，他都是通过性传播和血液，母婴来进行传播的，通常我们的生活接触是不会传染乙肝病毒的。慢性乙型肝炎（简称乙肝）是指乙肝病毒检测为阳性，病程超过半年或发病日期不明确而临床有慢性肝炎表现者。临床表现为乏力、畏食、恶心、腹胀、肝区疼痛等症状。肝大，质地为中等硬度，有轻压痛。病情重者可伴有慢性肝病面容、蜘蛛痣、肝掌、脾大，肝功能可异常或持续异常。根据临床表现分为轻度、中度和重度。而慢性乙肝携带是指乙肝病毒检测为阳性，无慢性肝炎症状，1年内连续随访3次以上血清ALT和AST均无异常，且肝组织学检查正常者。慢性乙型肝炎是由于感染乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）引起的，乙型肝炎病人和HBV携带者是本病的主要传染源，HBV可通过母婴、血和血液制品、破损的皮肤黏膜及性接触传播。感染HBV后，由于受病毒因素、宿主因素、环境因素等影响，会出现不同的结局和临床类型，导致其发展为慢性乙型肝炎的常见原因有：家族性传播，我国乙肝高发的主要原因是家族性传播，其中以母婴垂直传播为主，母亲如果乙肝E抗原阳性，所生子女未注射乙肝疫苗，大都成为乙肝病毒携带者。而精液中可检出乙肝病毒，因此可通过性传播。这是造成我国乙肝的家庭聚集特征的主要原因。婴幼儿期感染病毒，最初感染乙肝的年龄与慢性乙肝有密切关系。胎儿、新生儿一旦感染乙肝病毒，约有90%～95%成为慢性病毒携带者；儿童感染乙肝病毒，约有20%成为慢性乙肝病毒携带者；成人感染乙肝病毒，只有3%～6%发展为慢性乙肝病毒携带状态。慢性乙肝的治疗：三分药治，七分调理；病毒感染乙肝病人应该多吃高蛋白，低脂肪高维生素的食物，并配合适当的运动，不要喝酒不要熬夜，按时去医院做复查。
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In biochemistry, suicide inhibition, also known as suicide inactivation or mechanism-based inhibition, is an irreversible form of enzyme inhibition that occurs when an enzyme binds a substrate analog and forms an irreversible complex with it through a covalent bond during the normal catalysis reaction. The inhibitor binds to the active site where it is modified by the enzyme to produce a reactive group that reacts irreversibly to form a stable inhibitor-enzyme complex. This usually uses a prosthetic group or a coenzyme, forming electrophilic alpha and beta unsaturated carbonyl compounds and imines.
Examples
Some clinical examples of suicide inhibitors include:
Disulfiram, which inhibits the acetaldehyde dehydrogenase enzyme.
Aspirin, which inhibits cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 enzymes.
Clavulanic acid, which inhibits β-lactamase: clavulanic acid covalently bonds to a serine residue in the active site of the β-lactamase, restructuring the clavulanic acid molecule, creating a much more reactive species that attacks another amino acid in the active site, permanently inactivating it, and thus inactivating the enzyme β-lactamase.
Penicillin, which inhibits DD-transpeptidase from building bacterial cell walls.
Sulbactam, which prohibits penicillin-resistant strains of bacteria from metabolizing penicillin.
AZT (zidovudine) and other chain-terminating nucleoside analogues used to inhibit HIV-1 reverse transcriptase in the treatment of HIV/AIDS.
Eflornithine, one of the drugs used to treat sleeping sickness, is a suicide inhibitor of ornithine decarboxylase.
Nerve agent and related pesticides such as parathion are organophosphorus suicide inhibitors of acetylcholinesterase with aging times dependent on the lability of leaving groups present on the organophosphorus moiety of the molecule.
5-fluorouracil acts as a suicide inhibitor of thymidylate synthase during the synthesis of thymine from uridine. This reaction is crucial for the proliferation of cells, particularly those that are rapidly proliferating (such as fast-growing death cancer tumors). By inhibiting this step, cells die from a thymineless death because they have no thymine to create more DNA. This is often used in combination with methotrexate, a potent inhibitor of dihydrofolate reductase enzyme.
O6-Benzylguanine, a drug which depletes O6-alkylguanine-DNA alkyltransferase by virtue of its similarity to the DNA repair protein's target lesion.
Exemestane, a drug used in the treatment of breast cancer, is an inhibitor of the aromatase enzyme.
Selegiline, although in the attached reference the compound is called a 'suicide inactivator' (not inhibitor).
Vigabatrin, an anticonvulsant, is a suicide inhibitor of GABA-T.
Rational drug design
Suicide inhibitors are used in what is called "rational drug design" where the aim is to create a novel substrate, based on already known mechanisms and substrates. The main goal of this approach is to create substrates that are unreactive until within that enzyme's active site and at the same time being highly specific. Drugs based on this approach have the advantage of very few resulting side effects.
See also
Metabolic trapping
References
Enzyme inhibitors
Covalent inhibitors
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喝酒慢性中毒什么症状？在临床上会遇到很多酒精中毒的患者，当和身边一些不学医的朋友提起时，他们都表示很诧异，喝酒也能中毒？确实，喝酒也会中毒的，医学上称为酒精中毒，又叫“醉酒”或“酒醉”，今天就和大家聊一聊这个酒精中毒。酒精中毒是指过量的酒精在短时间内进入到人体后出现的急性中毒症状，又叫“醉酒”或“酒醉”，当酒精进入到我们人体后会损伤我们的中枢神经系统，使神经系统功能先兴奋后抑制而发生障碍，严重者导致呼吸和循环中枢抑制麻痹甚至是死亡。那么是不是就不能喝酒啦，当然不是啦，只是饮酒不能过量，少量的酒精可以促进我们体内的血液循环，但是饮酒过量就有可能中毒，所以饮酒千万不能贪杯哦。喝酒慢性中毒什么症状：分三期：①兴奋期：会出现面色潮红或苍白，结膜充血，人比较兴奋，易健谈，易怒，易情绪化，易失控，常伴有恶心、呕吐②共济失调期：走路不稳，说话含糊不清，行为比较笨拙③昏睡期：脸色苍白，皮肤较冷，呼吸缓慢，由躁动进入昏睡或昏迷，出现尿失禁，严重者呼吸中枢抑制而导致死亡。下面和大家说一下酒精中毒后的急救措施：①一般中毒轻者，无须特殊处理，卧床休息，注意保暖，可自愈。②中毒较重者，可给予催吐，方法：快速大量的喝下温开水，然后用筷子或手指刺激舌后根引起呕吐，将含有酒精的胃内容物尽快呕吐出来，呕吐后再服温开水,这样多次进行直到呕吐物澄清、无酒味，注意防止猝死，呕吐时，头偏向一侧，防止呕吐物直接进入气管导致窒息死亡。③中毒严重者如出现昏睡、抽搐、休克、久睡不醒等症状时，应尽快就医抢救。
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Linda M. Gojak is an American mathematics educator who was president of the National Council of Supervisors of Mathematics and, in 2012–2014, of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics.
Education and career
Gojak is a graduate of Miami University. She earned a master's degree in education, specializing in elementary and middle school mathematics, from Kent State University. She was a mathematics teacher for 28 years, and then in 1999 took a position in the Department of Education and Allied Studies at John Carroll University as director of the Center for Mathematics and Science Education, Teaching, and Technology.
Books
Gojak is the author of books including:
What's Your Math Problem!?!: Getting to the Heart of Teaching Problem (Shell Education, 2011)
The Common Core Mathematics Companion: The Standards Decoded (with Ruth Harbin Miles, Corwin, 2016)
Mathematize It! Going Beyond Key Words to Make Sense of Word Problems (with Kimberly Morrow-Leong and Sara Delano Moore, Corwin, 2020)
Recognition
The Ohio Council of Teachers of Mathematics has named their annual state-level award for middle school teaching as the Linda M. Gojak Award.
References
Year of birth missing (living people)
Living people
20th-century American mathematicians
21st-century American mathematicians
American women mathematicians
Mathematics educators
Miami University alumni
Kent State University alumni
John Carroll University faculty
20th-century American women
21st-century American women
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林光宇可能指以下其中一人：
林光宇：香港民航處前任處長。
林光宇 (動物學家)：已故中國貝類學家。
林光宇 (體外循環技師) : 國立成功大學醫學院附設醫院心臟血管外科體外循環技師
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小孩得了银翘病是什么病？银翘病又称牛皮癣是一种常见的慢性皮肤病，其特征是在红斑上反复出现多层银白色干燥鳞屑。中医古称之为“白疕”，古医籍亦有称之为松皮癣。西医称为银屑病，俗称牛皮癣，其特征是出现大小不等的丘疹，红斑，表面覆盖着银白色鳞屑，边界清楚，好发于头皮、四肢伸侧及背部。男性多于女性。春冬季节容易复发或加重，而夏秋季多缓解。银屑病患者绝大部分具有甲损、精神倦怠、面色苍白、便秘便溏等一系列并发症状牛皮.癣是一种常见的慢性皮肤病。它会引发皮肤瘙痒，起皮屑，红斑，患者的外貌不但受到影响，心理也造成极大的压力。同时很多患者也要清楚。真菌感染引起的一些皮肤病，例如头癣、股癣、体癣、手足癣、指甲癣等。将这些癣局部的皮屑放在显微镜下常能发现真菌菌丝或真菌孢子，使用抗真菌药物进行治疗常能取得很好的疗效。而牛皮癣则不是由真菌感染引起的，将其称为银屑病。它的发病原因很复杂，用抗真菌药物进行治疗往往无效。因此，不要望文生意，自己服用抗真菌药物或者乱用癣药外涂，以免浪费钱财，加重病情。由于银屑病皮损上覆盖有银白色的鳞屑，很有特征性。平时忌食辛辣腥发食物如海鲜，鱼，麻辣烫，牛，羊，鸡肉对其有益的蔬菜水果如萝卜，胡萝卜，白菜，土豆，茄子，苦瓜，黄瓜，丝瓜梨，食物如栗子，芝麻，平时可以用批把叶，罗汉果泡茶喝，对于寻常型的很多时候嗓子疼会引起，冬季感冒是非常常见的事情，感冒所引起的上呼吸道感染也是加重和诱发牛皮癣的主要原因，所以一定要引起高度重视。
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咽反射是什么?？咽部反射，呕吐反射或喉痉挛，是喉咙后部的反射性收缩，在触及口腔顶部，舌头后部，扁桃体周围区域，悬雍垂和喉咙后面会触发此反射。它与其他呼吸消化反射一起，避免在非正常吞咽情形下，口腔内有异物进入喉咙的情形，也可以防止异物堵塞呼吸道而窒息。
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蜂窝织炎应该做哪些检查?？本病病理变化真皮及皮下组织有广泛的急性化脓性炎症改变，有中性白细胞、淋巴细胞浸润血管及淋巴管扩张，有时可见血管栓塞。毛囊皮脂腺、汗腺被破坏，晚期可见由纤维母细胞组织细胞及巨细胞形成的肉芽肿。
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请描述粘多糖沉积病的诊断方法？名称代号酶缺陷酶学测定样品生化改变遗传特性Hurler，Scheie综合征MPS-L-艾杜糖酸苷酶成纤维细胞、白细胞、组织、羊水细胞尿和组织中DS、HS增多，成纤维细胞中DS增加常染色体隐 性Hunter综合征MPS艾杜糖醛酸硫酯酶血清、成纤维细胞、白细胞、组织、羊水、羊水细胞同上X连隐性Sanfilippo综合征AMPSAHS-N-硫酸酯酶（硫酰胺酶）成纤维细胞、白细胞、组织、羊水细胞HS在尿中和组织中增多、DS在成纤维细胞中增多常染色体隐性Sanfilippo综合征BMPSB-N乙酰葡萄胺苷血清、成纤维细胞、白细胞、组织、羊水细胞HS出现于尿中同上Sanfilippo综合征CMPSC乙酰基转移酶成纤维细胞HS出现于尿中同上Morquio综合征MPSN-乙酰半乳糖胺-6-硫酸酯酶成纤维细胞KS和CS出现于尿中同上Morquio综合征-半乳糖甘酶成纤维细胞KS出现于尿中Maroteaux-Lamy综合征MPSN-乙酰半乳糖胺4-硫酸酯酶（芳香硫酸酯酶B）成纤维细胞、白细胞、组织、羊水细胞DS出现于尿中同上-葡糖醛酸苷酶缺乏症无名疾病MPS-葡糖醛酸苷酶血清、成纤维细胞、白细胞、羊水细胞DS、HS（±）出现于尿中同上无名疾病MPSN-乙酰葡糖胺6-硫酸酯酶成纤维细胞KS和HS（±）出现于尿中同上注：MPS－粘多糖沉积症DS－磷酸皮肤素HS－硫酸乙酰肝素CD－硫酸软骨素KS－硫酸角质素遗传性粘多糖沉积症约占出生婴儿的1/30000。
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草埔站是深圳地鐵3号綫的車站，位於中國廣東省深圳市羅湖區、龍崗區布吉路與龙岗大道的交接處，沿布吉路南北向佈置，临近原布吉检查站，於2010年12月28日正式啟用，为高架地铁站。由於本站鄰近廣深鐵路，故此成為了鐵路迷拍攝國鐵（尤其是拍攝進出香港的城際直通車）的地方。
車站結構
本站設有一個島式月台。3號線站台東北端設有一條渡綫。當3號綫的西南段出現故障時，往益田站的列車將會通過此渡線折返，以本站為臨時總站。在3號線西南段開通前，所有3號線列車皆使用該渡線折返。
车站艺术
运营时刻表
出口
鄰接車站
參考資料
深圳地铁官方网站
專題：深圳地鐵3號線，2007年2月13日，深圳新聞網
2010年啟用的鐵路車站
龙岗区地铁车站
罗湖区地铁车站
2010年深圳建立
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康拉德四世（波蘭語：Konrad IV Starszy，約1384年—1447年8月9日），，康拉德三世的長子，1417年起為。
父親於1412年去世後，康拉德四世起初與長弟康拉德五世共治。1416年他宣布將公爵之位讓給三位弟弟，轉而從事教會事業。
1380年代出生
1447年逝世
皮雅斯特王朝
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丘疹性荨麻疹怎么治疗才能好？荨麻疹用常规药物治疗只能缓解病情但不能根治，易复发，中医中药长期临床实践积累了许多非常有效的治疗方法，建议用传统中药麻黄、白鲜皮、地肤子、金精草、龙戟草治疗，能清热祛风，除湿止痒，可彻底根治不复发。治疗期间一定要大量饮用开水，保持大便通畅。荨麻疹是由各种因素致使皮肤粘膜血管发生暂时性炎性充血与大量液体渗出，造成局部水肿性的损害，主要是由于过敏症状引起的。荨麻疹最好的治疗方法是寻找过敏原，通过逐渐脱敏疗法，从而达到根治的目的。目前许多医院已开展用不同食物、药物、动植物等做皮肤过敏试验，或用不同的化妆品、接触物做皮肤斑贴试验而查找致敏因素。荨麻疹患者如有条件，应首先去医院查找致病因素，以便除去或避免接触这些因素。荨麻疹是一种伴有剧痒的暂时性皮肤病。民间有很多治愈荨麻疹的方法，如拔罐疗法，拔罐1天，有效率达96.1%。药酒疗法，用药3天，治愈率92%。中成药疗法，服用云南白药，服药1-4天，有效率90.62%。熏洗疗法，熏洗3-6次，疗效很好。还有内服药物，常用抗过敏药物。预防荨麻疹要尽可能地找出发病诱因并将之除去。如慎防吸入花粉、动物皮屑、羽毛、灰尘、蓖麻粉，避免接触致敏原，禁用或禁食某些机体过敏的药物或食物品等。如因冷热刺激而复发者，不应过分回避，相反应该逐步接触，逐渐延长冷热刺激的时间，以求适应。积极治疗原发疾病，如急性扁桃体炎、胆囊炎、病毒性肝炎、阑尾炎、肠道蛔虫病等，以杜绝病源。
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Andromache可以是指：
安德洛玛刻——希腊神话中特洛伊英雄赫克托耳的妻子。
小行星175（Andromache）
八字以上非中文名称消歧义
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