gem_id stringlengths 21 25 | id stringlengths 24 24 | title stringclasses 397
values | context stringlengths 151 1.55k | question stringlengths 12 201 | target stringlengths 12 201 | references listlengths 1 1 | answers dict |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gem-squad_v2-train-54334 | 56df01783277331400b4d89b | Christian | Another term for Christians which appears in the New Testament is "Nazarenes" which is used by the Jewish lawyer Tertullus in Acts 24. Tertullian (Against Marcion 4:8) records that "the Jews call us Nazarenes," while around 331 AD Eusebius records that Christ was called a Nazoraean from the name Nazareth, and that in e... | What is another Hebrew term for Nazarenes? | What is another Hebrew term for Nazarenes? | [
"What is another Hebrew term for Nazarenes?"
] | {
"text": [
"Notzrim"
],
"answer_start": [
419
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-111561 | 5acd707407355d001abf424c | Education | Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits. Educational methods include storytelling, discussion, teaching, training, and directed research. Education frequently takes place under the guidance of educators, but learners may also educate themse... | What only happens in an informal setting? | What only happens in an informal setting? | [
"What only happens in an informal setting?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-112965 | 570d5d0cb3d812140066d744 | Adolescence | A thorough understanding of adolescence in society depends on information from various perspectives, including psychology, biology, history, sociology, education, and anthropology. Within all of these perspectives, adolescence is viewed as a transitional period between childhood and adulthood, whose cultural purpose is... | What is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood viewed as? | What is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood viewed as? | [
"What is the transitional period between childhood and adulthood viewed as?"
] | {
"text": [
"adolescence"
],
"answer_start": [
215
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-33136 | 57261afa38643c19005acffe | Incandescent_light_bulb | Incandescent light bulbs consist of an air-tight glass enclosure (the envelope, or bulb) with a filament of tungsten wire inside the bulb, through which an electric current is passed. Contact wires and a base with two (or more) conductors provide electrical connections to the filament. Incandescent light bulbs usually ... | What prevents air or gas leaks from a light bulb? | What prevents air or gas leaks from a light bulb? | [
"What prevents air or gas leaks from a light bulb?"
] | {
"text": [
"a stem or glass mount anchored to the bulb's base"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-100432 | 56e11911e3433e1400422bd8 | BeiDou_Navigation_Satellite_System | Compass-M1 transmits in 3 bands: E2, E5B, and E6. In each frequency band two coherent sub-signals have been detected with a phase shift of 90 degrees (in quadrature). These signal components are further referred to as "I" and "Q". The "I" components have shorter codes and are likely to be intended for the open service.... | What is the intended purpose of the "Q" component? | What is the intended purpose of the "Q" component? | [
"What is the intended purpose of the \"Q\" component?"
] | {
"text": [
"probably intended for the restricted service"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-18539 | 5726d8e9f1498d1400e8ecff | Nigeria | Beginning in 1979, Nigerians participated in a brief return to democracy when Olusegun Obasanjo transferred power to the civilian regime of Shehu Shagari. The Shagari government became viewed as corrupt and incompetent by virtually all sectors of Nigerian society. The military coup of Muhammadu Buhari shortly after the... | Who led a military coup against Shagari? | Who led a military coup against Shagari? | [
"Who led a military coup against Shagari?"
] | {
"text": [
"Muhammadu Buhari"
],
"answer_start": [
286
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103601 | 572a1ca66aef05140015529f | East_Prussia | The Teutonic Order lost eastern Prussia when Grand Master Albert of Brandenburg-Ansbach converted to Lutheranism and secularized the Prussian branch of the Teutonic Order in 1525. Albert established himself as the first duke of the Duchy of Prussia and a vassal of the Polish crown by the Prussian Homage. Walter von Cro... | In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia? | In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia? | [
"In what year did The Teutonic Order lose Eastern Prussia?"
] | {
"text": [
"1525"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-26944 | 5a8cc43dfd22b3001a8d8e22 | United_States_dollar | The U.S. dollar is fiat money. It is the currency most used in international transactions and is the world's most dominant reserve currency. Several countries use it as their official currency, and in many others it is the de facto currency. Besides the United States, it is also used as the sole currency in two British... | Other than the British Virgin Islands, what other area in the Caribbean uses the Caribbean dollar as its sole currency? | Other than the British Virgin Islands, what other area in the Caribbean uses the Caribbean dollar as its sole currency? | [
"Other than the British Virgin Islands, what other area in the Caribbean uses the Caribbean dollar as its sole currency?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-51742 | 570c4dd0fed7b91900d45881 | John,_King_of_England | The nature of government under the Angevin monarchs was ill-defined and uncertain. John's predecessors had ruled using the principle of vis et voluntas, or "force and will", taking executive and sometimes arbitrary decisions, often justified on the basis that a king was above the law. Both Henry II and Richard had argu... | What century were there contrary opinions expressed about the nature of kingship? | What century were there contrary opinions expressed about the nature of kingship? | [
"What century were there contrary opinions expressed about the nature of kingship?"
] | {
"text": [
"12th century"
],
"answer_start": [
474
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-46093 | 5ad3c2c6604f3c001a3fef9a | Jehovah%27s_Witnesses | Baptism is a requirement for being considered a member of Jehovah's Witnesses. Jehovah's Witnesses do not practice infant baptism, and previous baptisms performed by other denominations are not considered valid. Individuals undergoing baptism must affirm publicly that dedication and baptism identify them "as one of Jeh... | Will an unbaptized infant survive or not if a sudden Armageddon were to occur? | Will an unbaptized infant survive or not if a sudden Armageddon were to occur? | [
"Will an unbaptized infant survive or not if a sudden Armageddon were to occur?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-7054 | 57314a6f497a881900248d5f | Red | Saint Valentine, a Roman Catholic Bishop or priest who was martyred in about 296 AD, seems to have had no known connection with romantic love, but the day of his martyrdom on the Roman Catholic calendar, Saint Valentine's Day (February 14), became, in the 14th century, an occasion for lovers to send messages to each ot... | When was Saint Valentine martyred? | When was Saint Valentine martyred? | [
"When was Saint Valentine martyred?"
] | {
"text": [
"296 AD"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-57252 | 5a5422f6bdaabd001a386847 | Muslim_world | Ibn Tufail (Abubacer) and Ibn al-Nafis were pioneers of the philosophical novel. Ibn Tufail wrote the first Arabic novel Hayy ibn Yaqdhan (Philosophus Autodidactus) as a response to Al-Ghazali's The Incoherence of the Philosophers, and then Ibn al-Nafis also wrote a novel Theologus Autodidactus as a response to Ibn Tuf... | What book by Ibn al-Nafis write about kamil? | What book by Ibn al-Nafis write about kamil? | [
"What book by Ibn al-Nafis write about kamil?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-105178 | 5726f50add62a815002e9633 | History_of_science | In Babylonian astronomy, records of the motions of the stars, planets, and the moon are left on thousands of clay tablets created by scribes. Even today, astronomical periods identified by Mesopotamian proto-scientists are still widely used in Western calendars such as the solar year and the lunar month. Using these da... | Who believes that the Hellenistic world relies on Babylonian astronomy? | Who believes that the Hellenistic world relies on Babylonian astronomy? | [
"Who believes that the Hellenistic world relies on Babylonian astronomy?"
] | {
"text": [
"A. Aaboe"
],
"answer_start": [
877
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-51572 | 5706848475f01819005e7bc3 | New_Delhi | New Delhi is governed through a municipal government, known as the New Delhi Municipal Council (NDMC). Other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi are administered by the Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD). However, the entire metropolis of Delhi is commonly known as New Delhi in contrast to Old Delhi. | What government body is responsible for administering other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi? | What government body is responsible for administering other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi? | [
"What government body is responsible for administering other urban areas of the metropolis of Delhi?"
] | {
"text": [
"Municipal Corporation of Delhi (MCD)"
],
"answer_start": [
172
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-66043 | 570bce516b8089140040fa42 | ASCII | Originally based on the English alphabet, ASCII encodes 128 specified characters into seven-bit integers as shown by the ASCII chart on the right. The characters encoded are numbers 0 to 9, lowercase letters a to z, uppercase letters A to Z, basic punctuation symbols, control codes that originated with Teletype machine... | What is the ASCII based on? | What is the ASCII based on? | [
"What is the ASCII based on?"
] | {
"text": [
"English alphabet"
],
"answer_start": [
24
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113979 | 5a42a04e4a4859001aac724d | Philosophy_of_space_and_time | In the early 11th century, the Muslim physicist Ibn al-Haytham (Alhacen or Alhazen) discussed space perception and its epistemological implications in his Book of Optics (1021), he also rejected Aristotle's definition of topos (Physics IV) by way of geometric demonstrations and defined place as a mathematical spatial e... | Who discussed space perceptions in the 1100's? | Who discussed space perceptions in the 1100's? | [
"Who discussed space perceptions in the 1100's?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-74286 | 5ace62f532bba1001ae4a518 | Asphalt | When maintenance is performed on asphalt pavements, such as milling to remove a worn or damaged surface, the removed material can be returned to a facility for processing into new pavement mixtures. The asphalt/bitumen in the removed material can be reactivated and put back to use in new pavement mixes. With some 95% o... | Where is the deactivated asphalt put back to use? | Where is the deactivated asphalt put back to use? | [
"Where is the deactivated asphalt put back to use?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-64648 | 5733f568d058e614000b6681 | Portugal | In the 20th century, Portugal engaged in two major conflicts: World War I and the Portuguese Colonial War (1961–1974). After the end of the Portuguese Empire in 1975, the Portuguese Armed Forces have participated in peacekeeping missions in East Timor, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Somalia, Iraq (Nasiriyah) and Lebanon.... | In what countries have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions? | In what countries have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions? | [
"In what countries have the Portuguese Armed Forces participated in peacekeeping missions?"
] | {
"text": [
"East Timor, Bosnia, Kosovo, Afghanistan, Somalia, Iraq (Nasiriyah) and Lebanon"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-103544 | 5ad2c958d7d075001a42a232 | Multiracial_American | In the early 19th century, the Indigenous American woman Sacagawea, who would help translate for and guide the Lewis and Clark Expedition in the West, married the French trapper Toussaint Charbonneau. Most marriages between Europeans and Indigenous Americans were between European men and Indigenous American women. Depe... | What kind of systems did tribes in the Northwest have? | What kind of systems did tribes in the Northwest have? | [
"What kind of systems did tribes in the Northwest have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50914 | 572eca2903f9891900756a2f | Seven_Years%27_War | By this point Frederick was increasingly concerned by the Russian advance from the east and marched to counter it. Just east of the Oder in Brandenburg-Neumark, at the Battle of Zorndorf (now Sarbinowo, Poland), a Prussian army of 35,000 men under Frederick on Aug. 25, 1758, fought a Russian army of 43,000 commanded by... | What country was Prussia fighting on another front? | What country was Prussia fighting on another front? | [
"What country was Prussia fighting on another front?"
] | {
"text": [
"Swedish"
],
"answer_start": [
537
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59883 | 56f9872e9e9bad19000a0a3b | Zhejiang | After the People's Republic of China took control of Mainland China in 1949, the Republic of China government based in Taiwan continued to control the Dachen Islands off the coast of Zhejiang until 1955, even establishing a rival Zhejiang provincial government there, creating a situation similar to Fujian province toda... | When was the Cultural Revolution? | When was the Cultural Revolution? | [
"When was the Cultural Revolution?"
] | {
"text": [
"1966–76"
],
"answer_start": [
355
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-76454 | 5a399a072f14dd001ac72465 | Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy | Agricultural production on the island is difficult given the dry and rocky terrain, but the early settlers managed to produce vegetables, cotton, pineapples, salt, bananas and also fishing. Sweet potato is also grown in patches. The islanders developed commerce through the port of Gustavia. Duty-free port attractions, ... | What was the first vegetable grown on the island by early settlers? | What was the first vegetable grown on the island by early settlers? | [
"What was the first vegetable grown on the island by early settlers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39521 | 572782d45951b619008f8bba | FA_Cup | The FA Cup winners qualify for the following season's UEFA Europa League (formerly named the UEFA Cup; until 1998 they entered the Cup Winners' Cup instead). This European place applies even if the team is relegated or is not in the English top flight. In the past, if the FA Cup winning team also qualified for the foll... | Does the loser of the cup gain anything? | Does the loser of the cup gain anything? | [
"Does the loser of the cup gain anything?"
] | {
"text": [
"the losing FA Cup finalist was given the Europa League place"
],
"answer_start": [
405
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-54299 | 5ad2cf1bd7d075001a42a2f8 | Christian | Today, about 37% of all Christians live in the Americas, and about 26% live in Europe, 24% of total Christians live in sub-Saharan Africa, about 13% in Asia and the Pacific, and 1% of the world's Christians live in the Middle east and North Africa. About half of all Christians worldwide are Catholic, while more than a ... | How many million Christians live as a majority? | How many million Christians live as a majority? | [
"How many million Christians live as a majority?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-97967 | 5a82003531013a001a3350ab | Humanism | The ad fontes principle also had many applications. The re-discovery of ancient manuscripts brought a more profound and accurate knowledge of ancient philosophical schools such as Epicureanism, and Neoplatonism, whose Pagan wisdom the humanists, like the Church fathers of old, tended, at least initially, to consider as... | What allowed for a more shallow understanding and personal exploration of older philosophers theories? | What allowed for a more shallow understanding and personal exploration of older philosophers theories? | [
"What allowed for a more shallow understanding and personal exploration of older philosophers theories?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-44915 | 56f8e1499e9bad19000a0672 | Gene | Gene nomenclature has been established by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) for each known human gene in the form of an approved gene name and symbol (short-form abbreviation), which can be accessed through a database maintained by HGNC. Symbols are chosen to be unique, and each gene has only one symbol (alth... | How many symbols does each gene have? | How many symbols does each gene have? | [
"How many symbols does each gene have?"
] | {
"text": [
"only one"
],
"answer_start": [
299
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-91014 | 572abc3734ae481900deac9a | John_Kerry | Droney's health was poor and Kerry had decided to run for his position in the 1978 election should Droney drop out. However, Droney was re-elected and his health improved; he went on to re-assume many of the duties that he had delegated to Kerry. Kerry thus decided to leave, departing in 1979 with assistant DA Roanne S... | When did Kerry leave the DA's office? | When did Kerry leave the DA's office? | [
"When did Kerry leave the DA's office?"
] | {
"text": [
"1979"
],
"answer_start": [
289
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-48410 | 5a838535e60761001a2eb753 | War_on_Terror | On 16 September 2001, at Camp David, President George W. Bush used the phrase war on terrorism in an unscripted and controversial comment when he said, "This crusade – this war on terrorism – is going to take a while, ... " Bush later apologized for this remark due to the negative connotations the term crusade has to p... | What controversial term did George W. Bush use on 20 September 2001? | What controversial term did George W. Bush use on 20 September 2001? | [
"What controversial term did George W. Bush use on 20 September 2001?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-50218 | 5acede4a32bba1001ae4b7be | Neptune | Neptune is similar in composition to Uranus, and both have compositions that differ from those of the larger gas giants, Jupiter and Saturn. Like Jupiter and Saturn, Neptune's atmosphere is composed primarily of hydrogen and helium, along with traces of hydrocarbons and possibly nitrogen, but contains a higher proporti... | What is Neptune's atmosphere never composed of? | What is Neptune's atmosphere never composed of? | [
" What is Neptune's atmosphere never composed of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108062 | 56e3c6788c00841900fbaefa | Estonian_language | During the Perestroika era, The Law on the Status of the Estonian Language was adopted in January 1989. The collapse of the Soviet Union led to the restoration of Republic of Estonia's independence. Estonian went back to being the only state language in Estonia which in practice meant that use of Estonian was promoted ... | What came into being in January 1989? | What came into being in January 1989? | [
"What came into being in January 1989?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Law on the Status of the Estonian Language"
],
"answer_start": [
28
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-75169 | 5ad11f6c645df0001a2d0e55 | Labour_Party_(UK) | Labour runs a minority government in the Welsh Assembly under Carwyn Jones, is the largest opposition party in the Scottish Parliament and has twenty MEPs in the European Parliament, sitting in the Socialists and Democrats Group. The party also organises in Northern Ireland, but does not contest elections to the Northe... | Who was leader of the Labour Party before 2015? | Who was leader of the Labour Party before 2015? | [
"Who was leader of the Labour Party before 2015?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113038 | 570d9dfadf2f5219002ed058 | Adolescence | Adolescence marks a time of sexual maturation, which manifests in social interactions as well. While adolescents may engage in casual sexual encounters (often referred to as hookups), most sexual experience during this period of development takes place within romantic relationships. Adolescents can use technologies and... | Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what? | Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what? | [
"Casual sexual encounters are often referred to as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"hookups"
],
"answer_start": [
174
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-108569 | 572bff69dfb02c14005c6b36 | Tennessee | During the administration of U.S. President Martin Van Buren, nearly 17,000 Cherokees—along with approximately 2,000 black slaves owned by Cherokees—were uprooted from their homes between 1838 and 1839 and were forced by the U.S. military to march from "emigration depots" in Eastern Tennessee (such as Fort Cass) toward... | Which Native American nation's emigration was first associated with the term "Trail of Tears?" | Which Native American nation's emigration was first associated with the term "Trail of Tears?" | [
"Which Native American nation's emigration was first associated with the term \"Trail of Tears?\""
] | {
"text": [
"Choctaw"
],
"answer_start": [
914
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-28390 | 5ad4d7b05b96ef001a10a30a | Steven_Spielberg | Spielberg prefers working with production members with whom he has developed an existing working relationship. An example of this is his production relationship with Kathleen Kennedy who has served as producer on all his major films from E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial to the recent Lincoln. For cinematography, Allen Daviau... | What was the first movie Janusz Kaminski ever shot? | What was the first movie Janusz Kaminski ever shot? | [
"What was the first movie Janusz Kaminski ever shot?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-94644 | 5726cda4f1498d1400e8ebaa | Queen_(band) | On 7 May 2010, May and Taylor announced that they were quitting their record label, EMI, after almost 40 years. On 20 August 2010, Queen's manager Jim Beach put out a Newsletter stating that the band had signed a new contract with Universal Music. During an interview for Hardtalk on the BBC on 22 September, May confirm... | What program interviewed Queen on 22 September 2010? | What program interviewed Queen on 22 September 2010? | [
"What program interviewed Queen on 22 September 2010?"
] | {
"text": [
"Hardtalk"
],
"answer_start": [
272
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-84300 | 56de3f73cffd8e1900b4b707 | Separation_of_powers_under_the_United_States_Constitution | The president is the civilian Commander in Chief of the Army and Navy of the United States. He has the authority to command them to take appropriate military action in the event of a sudden crisis. However, only the Congress is explicitly granted the power to declare war per se, as well as to raise, fund and maintain t... | Who has the power to declare ware? | Who has the power to declare ware? | [
"Who has the power to declare ware?"
] | {
"text": [
"Congress"
],
"answer_start": [
216
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-82843 | 56e071ca231d4119001ac155 | Saint_Helena | Saint Helena produces what is said to be the most expensive coffee in the world. It also produces and exports Tungi Spirit, made from the fruit of the prickly or cactus pears, Opuntia ficus-indica ("Tungi" is the local St Helenian name for the plant). Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their ... | Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their own what? | Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their own what? | [
"Ascension Island, Tristan da Cunha and Saint Helena all issue their own what?"
] | {
"text": [
"postage stamps"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-23038 | 5ad0b90e645df0001a2d0173 | Human_Development_Index | The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and income per capita indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher HDI when the life expectancy at birth is longer, the education period is longer, and the income per c... | Does a low ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy? | Does a low ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy? | [
"Does a low ranking on the HDI indicate shorter or longer life expectancy?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-87584 | 5a68e7c18476ee001a58a86d | IBM | In 1952, Thomas Watson, Sr., stepped down after almost 40 years at the company helm; his son, Thomas Watson, Jr., was named president. In 1956, the company demonstrated the first practical example of artificial intelligence when Arthur L. Samuel of IBM's Poughkeepsie, New York, laboratory programmed an IBM 704 not mere... | What system was developed for FORTRAN in 1952 to help it play checkers? | What system was developed for FORTRAN in 1952 to help it play checkers? | [
"What system was developed for FORTRAN in 1952 to help it play checkers?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5954 | 5726a7a0f1498d1400e8e64c | Late_Middle_Ages | After the failed union of Sweden and Norway of 1319–1365, the pan-Scandinavian Kalmar Union was instituted in 1397. The Swedes were reluctant members of the Danish-dominated union from the start. In an attempt to subdue the Swedes, King Christian II of Denmark had large numbers of the Swedish aristocracy killed in the ... | In what year did Sweden break away from the Kalmar Union? | In what year did Sweden break away from the Kalmar Union? | [
"In what year did Sweden break away from the Kalmar Union?"
] | {
"text": [
"1523"
],
"answer_start": [
433
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6737 | 572847804b864d19001648ab | PlayStation_3 | Despite the initial negative press, several websites have given the system very good reviews mostly regarding its hardware. CNET United Kingdom praised the system saying, "the PS3 is a versatile and impressive piece of home-entertainment equipment that lives up to the hype [...] the PS3 is well worth its hefty price ta... | What other reviewer agreed with Home Theater Magazine's assessment of the PS3's Blu-ray player? | What other reviewer agreed with Home Theater Magazine's assessment of the PS3's Blu-ray player? | [
"What other reviewer agreed with Home Theater Magazine's assessment of the PS3's Blu-ray player?"
] | {
"text": [
"Ultimate AV"
],
"answer_start": [
591
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-4383 | 56ddfc5f4396321400ee252b | Institute_of_technology | There are 16 autonomous Indian Institutes of Technology in addition to 30 National Institutes of Technology which are Government Institutions. In addition to these there are many other Universities which offer higher technical courses. The Authority over technical education in India is the AICTE. | What organization oversees India's technical education institutions? | What organization oversees India's technical education institutions? | [
"What organization oversees India's technical education institutions?"
] | {
"text": [
"AICTE"
],
"answer_start": [
291
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-39637 | 5a8cbf6bfd22b3001a8d8df4 | FA_Cup | Since the start of the 1994–95 season, the FA Cup has been sponsored. However, to protect the identity of the competition, the sponsored name has always included 'The FA Cup' in addition to the sponsor's name, unlike sponsorship deals for the League Cup where the word 'cup' is preceded by only the sponsor's name. Spons... | What company has sponsored the League Cup? | What company has sponsored the League Cup? | [
"What company has sponsored the League Cup?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-32610 | 5ad2d7a2d7d075001a42a42f | Antarctica | This large collection of meteorites allows a better understanding of the abundance of meteorite types in the solar system and how meteorites relate to asteroids and comets. New types of meteorites and rare meteorites have been found. Among these are pieces blasted off the Moon, and probably Mars, by impacts. These spec... | Who discovered the AHL84010 meteorite? | Who discovered the AHL84010 meteorite? | [
"Who discovered the AHL84010 meteorite? "
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-29117 | 571d14aa5efbb31900334ea2 | Pharmaceutical_industry | Drug discovery is the process by which potential drugs are discovered or designed. In the past most drugs have been discovered either by isolating the active ingredient from traditional remedies or by serendipitous discovery. Modern biotechnology often focuses on understanding the metabolic pathways related to a diseas... | What kind of technology studies the understanding and manipulation of disease states and pathogens? | What kind of technology studies the understanding and manipulation of disease states and pathogens? | [
"What kind of technology studies the understanding and manipulation of disease states and pathogens?"
] | {
"text": [
"biotechnology"
],
"answer_start": [
233
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1827 | 5ad17271645df0001a2d1bf8 | Military_history_of_the_United_States | The Philippine–American War (1899–1902) was an armed conflict between a group of Filipino revolutionaries and the American forces following the ceding of the Philippines to the United States after the defeat of Spanish forces in the Battle of Manila. The Army sent in 100,000 soldiers (mostly from the National Guard) un... | Who led African forces in this war? | Who led African forces in this war? | [
" Who led African forces in this war?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-34230 | 5ad41545604f3c001a4002e6 | Alaska | Of Alaska's 2010 Census population figure of 710,231, 20,429 people, or 2.88% of the population, did not live in an incorporated city or census-designated place. Approximately three-quarters of that figure were people who live in urban and suburban neighborhoods on the outskirts of the city limits of Ketchikan, Kodiak,... | In 2012, what percent of Alaska's population did not live in a city or CDP? | In 2012, what percent of Alaska's population did not live in a city or CDP? | [
"In 2012, what percent of Alaska's population did not live in a city or CDP?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-34134 | 5ad4116d604f3c001a400205 | Alaska | Cities not served by road, sea, or river can be reached only by air, foot, dogsled, or snowmachine, accounting for Alaska's extremely well developed bush air services—an Alaskan novelty. Anchorage and, to a lesser extent Fairbanks, is served by many major airlines. Because of limited highway access, air travel remains ... | Which three cities are served by major airlines? | Which three cities are served by major airlines? | [
"Which three cities are served by major airlines?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-18627 | 5726e93cdd62a815002e94c9 | Nigeria | NigeriaSat-2, Nigeria's second satellite, was built as a high-resolution earth satellite by Surrey Space Technology Limited, a United Kingdom-based satellite technology company. It has 2.5-metre resolution panchromatic (very high resolution), 5-metre multispectral (high resolution, NIR red, green and red bands), and 32... | Where is Nigeria's second satellite's ground receiving station? | Where is Nigeria's second satellite's ground receiving station? | [
"Where is Nigeria's second satellite's ground receiving station?"
] | {
"text": [
"Abuja"
],
"answer_start": [
436
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113354 | 572eaf28dfa6aa1500f8d2c1 | Vacuum | But although it meets the definition of outer space, the atmospheric density within the first few hundred kilometers above the Kármán line is still sufficient to produce significant drag on satellites. Most artificial satellites operate in this region called low Earth orbit and must fire their engines every few days to... | Where do most satellites operate? | Where do most satellites operate? | [
"Where do most satellites operate?"
] | {
"text": [
"low Earth orbit"
],
"answer_start": [
259
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-6303 | 572805603acd2414000df27b | PlayStation_3 | Sony officially unveiled PlayStation 3 (then marketed as PLAYSTATION 3) to the public on May 16, 2005, at E3 2005, along with a 'boomerang' shaped prototype design of the Sixaxis controller. A functional version of the system was not present there, nor at the Tokyo Game Show in September 2005, although demonstrations (... | What was one game Sony debuted on a modified PC so gamers could get a look? | What was one game Sony debuted on a modified PC so gamers could get a look? | [
"What was one game Sony debuted on a modified PC so gamers could get a look?"
] | {
"text": [
"Metal Gear Solid 4: Guns of the Patriots"
],
"answer_start": [
328
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-11667 | 56fad51ef34c681400b0c13e | Somalis | According to Y chromosome studies by Sanchez et al. (2005), Cruciani et al. (2004, 2007), the Somalis are paternally closely related to other Afro-Asiatic-speaking groups in Northeast Africa. Besides comprising the majority of the Y-DNA in Somalis, the E1b1b1a (formerly E3b1a) haplogroup also makes up a significant pro... | What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to? | What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to? | [
"What language group speakers are ethnic Somalis closely related to?"
] | {
"text": [
"Afro-Asiatic"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-94788 | 571079ada58dae1900cd69d7 | Age_of_Enlightenment | The first technical dictionary was drafted by John Harris and entitled Lexicon Technicum: Or, An Universal English Dictionary of Arts and Sciences. Harris' book avoided theological and biographical entries; instead it concentrated on science and technology. Published in 1704, the Lexicon technicum was the first book to... | What year was the Lexicon Technicum published? | What year was the Lexicon Technicum published? | [
"What year was the Lexicon Technicum published?"
] | {
"text": [
"1704"
],
"answer_start": [
271
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-59055 | 5a2ef0e3a83784001a7d25ae | A_cappella | Contemporary a cappella includes many vocal groups and bands who add vocal percussion or beatboxing to create a pop/rock/gospel sound, in some cases very similar to bands with instruments. Examples of such professional groups include Straight No Chaser, Pentatonix, The House Jacks, Rockapella, Mosaic, and M-pact. There... | What do arrangments for popular secular music include? | What do arrangments for popular secular music include? | [
"What do arrangments for popular secular music include?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-68745 | 572f043f03f9891900756b47 | Modern_history | Many major events caused Europe to change around the start of the 16th century, starting with the Fall of Constantinople in 1453, the fall of Muslim Spain and the discovery of the Americas in 1492, and Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation in 1517. In England the modern period is often dated to the start of the Tudor ... | In what year did the fall of Constantinople happen? | In what year did the fall of Constantinople happen? | [
"In what year did the fall of Constantinople happen? "
] | {
"text": [
"1453"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-68051 | 57303039b2c2fd1400568a30 | Charleston,_South_Carolina | In 1875, blacks made up 57% of the city's population, and 73% of Charleston County. With leadership by members of the antebellum free black community, historian Melinda Meeks Hennessy described the community as "unique" in being able to defend themselves without provoking "massive white retaliation", as occurred in num... | The second riot of 1876 happened when? | The second riot of 1876 happened when? | [
"The second riot of 1876 happened when?"
] | {
"text": [
"the day after the election in November"
],
"answer_start": [
490
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-9358 | 570e718c0dc6ce1900205078 | Order_of_the_British_Empire | The Order is limited to 300 Knights and Dames Grand Cross, 845 Knights and Dames Commander, and 8,960 Commanders. There are no limits applied to the total number of members of the fourth and fifth classes, but no more than 858 Officers and 1,464 Members may be appointed per year. Foreign recipients, as honorary members... | How many officers and members maybe be appointed per year? | How many officers and members maybe be appointed per year? | [
"How many officers and members maybe be appointed per year?"
] | {
"text": [
"858 Officers and 1,464 Members"
],
"answer_start": [
223
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-8109 | 5726db29708984140094d3b7 | Copyright_infringement | Legislatures have reduced infringement by narrowing the scope of what is considered infringing. Aside from upholding international copyright treaty obligations to provide general limitations and exceptions, nations have enacted compulsory licensing laws applying specifically to digital works and uses. For example, in t... | Who does this law target? | Who does this law target? | [
"Who does this law target?"
] | {
"text": [
"providers whose users are suspected of copyright infringement"
],
"answer_start": [
605
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-13372 | 56e7a68600c9c71400d77489 | Nanjing | The current economy of the city is basically newly developed based on the past. Service industries are dominating, accounting for about 60 percent of the GDP of the city, and financial industry, culture industry and tourism industry are top 3 of them. Industries of information technology, energy saving and environmenta... | The top 3 industries in Nanjing are? | The top 3 industries in Nanjing are? | [
"The top 3 industries in Nanjing are?"
] | {
"text": [
"financial industry, culture industry and tourism industry"
],
"answer_start": [
175
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62978 | 5a7a08ac17ab25001a8a023e | Czech_language | Czech (/ˈtʃɛk/; čeština Czech pronunciation: [ˈt͡ʃɛʃcɪna]), formerly known as Bohemian (/boʊˈhiːmiən, bə-/; lingua Bohemica in Latin), is a West Slavic language strongly influenced by Latin and German language, spoken by over 10 million people and it is the official language of the Czech Republic. Czech's closest relat... | What are two other languages that are closely related to Latin? | What are two other languages that are closely related to Latin? | [
"What are two other languages that are closely related to Latin?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-109964 | 5ad3f25f604f3c001a3ff8b1 | Capital_punishment_in_the_United_States | Four states in the modern era, Nebraska in 2008, New York and Kansas in 2004, and Massachusetts in 1984, had their statutes ruled unconstitutional by state courts. The death rows of New York and Massachusetts were disestablished, and attempts to restore the death penalty were unsuccessful. Kansas successfully appealed ... | In what year was Kansas' death penalty statute ruled unconstitutional by a state court? | In what year was Kansas' death penalty statute ruled unconstitutional by a state court? | [
"In what year was Kansas' death penalty statute ruled unconstitutional by a state court?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-110866 | 573038f604bcaa1900d773b3 | Iran | After the Revolution of 1979, as the new government imposed new laws and standards, a new age in Iranian cinema emerged, starting with Viva... by Khosrow Sinai and followed by many other directors, such as Abbas Kiarostami and Jafar Panahi. Kiarostami, an admired Iranian director, planted Iran firmly on the map of worl... | Which Iranian director won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997? | Which Iranian director won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997? | [
"Which Iranian director won the Palm d'Or at Cannes in 1997?"
] | {
"text": [
"Abbas Kiarostami"
],
"answer_start": [
206
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-37355 | 5727b0983acd2414000de9d7 | Switzerland | In many places in Switzerland, household rubbish disposal is charged for. Rubbish (except dangerous items, batteries etc.) is only collected if it is in bags which either have a payment sticker attached, or in official bags with the surcharge paid at the time of purchase. This gives a financial incentive to recycle as ... | What is the charge for recycling in Switzerland? | What is the charge for recycling in Switzerland? | [
"What is the charge for recycling in Switzerland?"
] | {
"text": [
"free"
],
"answer_start": [
357
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-42241 | 5ad259dbd7d075001a428e1f | Karl_Popper | Popper held that rationality is not restricted to the realm of empirical or scientific theories, but that it is merely a special case of the general method of criticism, the method of finding and eliminating contradictions in knowledge without ad-hoc-measures. According to this view, rational discussion about metaphysi... | What is rational discussion about not possible, according to this view? | What is rational discussion about not possible, according to this view? | [
"What is rational discussion about not possible, according to this view?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1969 | 570b53996b8089140040f880 | Military_history_of_the_United_States | The Navy was modernized in the 1880s, and by the 1890s had adopted the naval power strategy of Captain Alfred Thayer Mahan—as indeed did every major navy. The old sailing ships were replaced by modern steel battleships, bringing them in line with the navies of Britain and Germany. In 1907, most of the Navy's battleship... | By what name was the US fleet known at the start of the 20th Century? | By what name was the US fleet known at the start of the 20th Century? | [
"By what name was the US fleet known at the start of the 20th Century?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Great White Fleet"
],
"answer_start": [
360
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-22867 | 5735b2a8dc94161900571f3a | Kathmandu | The fire service, known as the Barun Yantra Karyalaya, opened its first station in Kathmandu in 1937 with a single vehicle. An iron tower was erected to monitor the city and watch for fire. As a precautionary measure, firemen were sent to the areas which were designated as accident-prone areas. In 1944, the fire servic... | What is the mission of FAN? | What is the mission of FAN? | [
"What is the mission of FAN?"
] | {
"text": [
"raising public awareness about fire and improving safety"
],
"answer_start": [
751
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-104159 | 5ad16f83645df0001a2d1b38 | Mandolin | Beside the introduction of the lute to Spain (Andalusia) by the Moors, another important point of transfer of the lute from Arabian to European culture was Sicily, where it was brought either by Byzantine or later by Muslim musicians. There were singer-lutenists at the court in Palermo following the Norman conquest of ... | Who did Spain introduce the lute to? | Who did Spain introduce the lute to? | [
"Who did Spain introduce the lute to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-69061 | 572f96ce947a6a140053ca8f | Modern_history | After World War II, Europe was informally split into Western and Soviet spheres of influence. Western Europe later aligned as the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) and Eastern Europe as the Warsaw Pact. There was a shift in power from Western Europe and the British Empire to the two new superpowers, the United ... | What does the term NATO represent? | What does the term NATO represent? | [
"What does the term NATO represent?"
] | {
"text": [
"North Atlantic Treaty Organization"
],
"answer_start": [
130
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-109226 | 57278dc7f1498d1400e8fbd8 | Carnival | Carnival means weeks of events that bring colourfully decorated floats, contagiously throbbing music, luxuriously costumed groups of celebrants of all ages, King and Queen elections, electrifying jump-ups and torchlight parades, the Jouvert morning: the Children's Parades and finally the Grand Parade. Aruba's biggest c... | What contagiously throbs during the week of events? | What contagiously throbs during the week of events? | [
"What contagiously throbs during the week of events?"
] | {
"text": [
"music"
],
"answer_start": [
95
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65639 | 5728c740ff5b5019007da689 | Detroit | Known as the world's automotive center, "Detroit" is a metonym for that industry. Detroit's auto industry, some of which was converted to wartime defense production, was an important element of the American "Arsenal of Democracy" supporting the Allied powers during World War II. It is an important source of popular mus... | What nickname for Detroit recognizes it's musical history? | What nickname for Detroit recognizes it's musical history? | [
"What nickname for Detroit recognizes it's musical history?"
] | {
"text": [
"Motown"
],
"answer_start": [
400
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-65487 | 5727bb374b864d1900163bcc | Detroit | During the late 19th century, several Gilded Age mansions reflecting the wealth of industry and shipping magnates were built east and west of the current downtown, along the major avenues of the Woodward plan. Most notable among them was the David Whitney House located at 4421 Woodward Avenue, which became a prime loca... | What was a nickname for Detroit in the late 19th century? | What was a nickname for Detroit in the late 19th century? | [
"What was a nickname for Detroit in the late 19th century?"
] | {
"text": [
"Paris of the West"
],
"answer_start": [
390
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-91916 | 5727428ff1498d1400e8f546 | Cotton | Cotton remained a key crop in the Southern economy after emancipation and the end of the Civil War in 1865. Across the South, sharecropping evolved, in which landless black and white farmers worked land owned by others in return for a share of the profits. Some farmers rented the land and bore the production costs them... | What was the procedure called which involved workers to work for a share of the profits? | What was the procedure called which involved workers to work for a share of the profits? | [
"What was the procedure called which involved workers to work for a share of the profits? "
] | {
"text": [
"sharecropping"
],
"answer_start": [
126
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-90667 | 5731fe53e17f3d14004225bf | Pacific_War | In early 1942, the governments of smaller powers began to push for an inter-governmental Asia-Pacific war council, based in Washington, D.C.. A council was established in London, with a subsidiary body in Washington. However, the smaller powers continued to push for an American-based body. The Pacific War Council was f... | Where was the Australian and Dutch guerilla campaign led? | Where was the Australian and Dutch guerilla campaign led? | [
"Where was the Australian and Dutch guerilla campaign led?"
] | {
"text": [
"Portuguese Timor"
],
"answer_start": [
895
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-44917 | 56f8e1499e9bad19000a0674 | Gene | Gene nomenclature has been established by the HUGO Gene Nomenclature Committee (HGNC) for each known human gene in the form of an approved gene name and symbol (short-form abbreviation), which can be accessed through a database maintained by HGNC. Symbols are chosen to be unique, and each gene has only one symbol (alth... | What type of model does the mouse play a role for? | What type of model does the mouse play a role for? | [
"What type of model does the mouse play a role for?"
] | {
"text": [
"common model"
],
"answer_start": [
516
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-62852 | 572f8b45b2c2fd14005681d8 | Pain | In his book, The Greatest Show on Earth: The Evidence for Evolution, biologist Richard Dawkins grapples with the question of why pain has to be so very painful. He describes the alternative as a simple, mental raising of a "red flag". To argue why that red flag might be insufficient, Dawkins explains that drives must c... | What might the relative intensities of pain resemble? | What might the relative intensities of pain resemble? | [
"What might the relative intensities of pain resemble?"
] | {
"text": [
"risk"
],
"answer_start": [
608
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-25907 | 5709828fed30961900e84246 | Copper | Britain's first use of brass occurred around the 3rd–2nd century BC. In North America, copper mining began with marginal workings by Native Americans. Native copper is known to have been extracted from sites on Isle Royale with primitive stone tools between 800 and 1600. Copper metallurgy was flourishing in South Ameri... | Where was native copper extracted with primitive tools between 800 and 1600? | Where was native copper extracted with primitive tools between 800 and 1600? | [
"Where was native copper extracted with primitive tools between 800 and 1600?"
] | {
"text": [
"Isle Royale"
],
"answer_start": [
211
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114525 | 570a65b56d058f1900182e04 | Emotion | Sociological attention to emotion has varied over time. Emilé Durkheim (1915/1965) wrote about the collective effervescence or emotional energy that was experienced by members of totemic rituals in Australian aborigine society. He explained how the heightened state of emotional energy achieved during totemic rituals tr... | Durkheim saw collective effervescence in what Australian aboriginal activity? | Durkheim saw collective effervescence in what Australian aboriginal activity? | [
"Durkheim saw collective effervescence in what Australian aboriginal activity?"
] | {
"text": [
"totemic rituals"
],
"answer_start": [
179
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113717 | 5a56892f6349e2001acdce12 | Ministry_of_Defence_(United_Kingdom) | The Ministry of Defence (MoD) is the British government department responsible for implementing the defence policy set by Her Majesty's Government, and is the headquarters of the British Armed Forces. | Who implements the location of Her Majesty's Government? | Who implements the location of Her Majesty's Government? | [
"Who implements the location of Her Majesty's Government?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-76756 | 572abb9d34ae481900deac92 | Philadelphia | The number of shootings in the city has declined significantly in the last 10 years. Shooting incidents peaked in 2006 when 1,857 shootings were recorded. That number has dropped 44 percent to 1,047 shootings in 2014. Similarly, major crimes in the city has decreased gradually in the last ten years since its peak in 20... | How many shootings were there in that year? | How many shootings were there in that year? | [
"How many shootings were there in that year?"
] | {
"text": [
"1,857"
],
"answer_start": [
124
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-78264 | 57278e045951b619008f8d6e | Child_labour | From the 1950s on, the students were also used for unpaid work at schools, where they cleaned and performed repairs. This practice has continued in the Russian Federation, where up to 21 days of the summer holidays is sometimes set aside for school works. By law, this is only allowed as part of specialized occupational... | What year were students killed as part of a road cleanup project? | What year were students killed as part of a road cleanup project? | [
"What year were students killed as part of a road cleanup project?"
] | {
"text": [
"2012"
],
"answer_start": [
422
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-41732 | 56d61fc11c85041400946f24 | 2008_Sichuan_earthquake | Rescue efforts performed by the Chinese government were praised by western media, especially in comparison with Myanmar's blockage of foreign aid during Cyclone Nargis, as well as China's previous performance during the 1976 Tangshan earthquake. China's openness during the media coverage of the Sichuan earthquake led a... | What did Myanmar block after Cyclone Nargis? | What did Myanmar block after Cyclone Nargis? | [
"What did Myanmar block after Cyclone Nargis?"
] | {
"text": [
"foreign aid"
],
"answer_start": [
134
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-38324 | 5a7d28a670df9f001a874fed | Neolithic | There is a large body of evidence for fortified settlements at Linearbandkeramik sites along the Rhine, as at least some villages were fortified for some time with a palisade and an outer ditch. Settlements with palisades and weapon-traumatized bones have been discovered, such as at the Talheim Death Pit demonstrates "... | What did Neollithic people have? | What did Neollithic people have? | [
"What did Neollithic people have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-17816 | 5ad24276d7d075001a42899f | Spectre_(2015_film) | On 13 March 2015, several members of the cast and crew, including Craig, Whishaw, Wilson and Mendes, as well as previous James Bond actor, Sir Roger Moore, appeared in a sketch written by David Walliams and the Dawson Brothers for Comic Relief's Red Nose Day on BBC One. In the sketch, they film a behind-the-scenes mock... | Who produced the sketch for BBC One? | Who produced the sketch for BBC One? | [
"Who produced the sketch for BBC One?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-113475 | 572ecbdddfa6aa1500f8d3cb | Vacuum | In quantum mechanics and quantum field theory, the vacuum is defined as the state (that is, the solution to the equations of the theory) with the lowest possible energy (the ground state of the Hilbert space). In quantum electrodynamics this vacuum is referred to as 'QED vacuum' to distinguish it from the vacuum of qua... | The state with the lowest possible energy in quantum mechanics defines what ? | The state with the lowest possible energy in quantum mechanics defines what ? | [
"The state with the lowest possible energy in quantum mechanics defines what ?"
] | {
"text": [
"vacuum"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-5575 | 5ad273e4d7d075001a4294c3 | House_music | Deep house's origins can be traced to Chicago producer Mr Fingers's relatively jazzy, soulful recordings "Mystery of Love" (1985) and "Can You Feel It?" (1986). According to author Richie Unterberger, it moved house music away from its "posthuman tendencies back towards the lush" soulful sound of early disco music. | When was Mr. Unterberger's "Can You Feel It?" released? | When was Mr. Unterberger's "Can You Feel It?" released? | [
"When was Mr. Unterberger's \"Can You Feel It?\" released?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-97382 | 56cfde92234ae51400d9bfb9 | Frédéric_Chopin | Although this period had been productive, the bad weather had such a detrimental effect on Chopin's health that Sand determined to leave the island. To avoid further customs duties, Sand sold the piano to a local French couple, the Canuts.[n 8] The group traveled first to Barcelona, then to Marseilles, where they staye... | Where was Sand's home? | Where was Sand's home? | [
"Where was Sand's home?"
] | {
"text": [
"Nohant"
],
"answer_start": [
424
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-96500 | 572770dd5951b619008f89ff | Crucifixion_of_Jesus | Although almost all ancient sources relating to crucifixion are literary, the 1968 archeological discovery just northeast of Jerusalem of the body of a crucified man dated to the 1st century provided good confirmatory evidence that crucifixions occurred during the Roman period roughly according to the manner in which t... | Who was the crucified man discovered in an archaeological find? | Who was the crucified man discovered in an archaeological find? | [
"Who was the crucified man discovered in an archaeological find?"
] | {
"text": [
"ben Hagkol"
],
"answer_start": [
419
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-67375 | 5709fca24103511400d594da | Hanover | The Great Garden is an important European baroque garden. The palace itself, however, was largely destroyed by Allied bombing but is currently under reconstruction.[citation needed] Some points of interest are the Grotto (the interior was designed by the French artist Niki de Saint-Phalle), the Gallery Building, the Or... | Who constructed the two pavilions in the palace? | Who constructed the two pavilions in the palace? | [
"Who constructed the two pavilions in the palace?"
] | {
"text": [
"Remy de la Fosse"
],
"answer_start": [
353
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116083 | 572e951fdfa6aa1500f8d184 | Richard_Feynman | The Feynman Lectures on Physics is perhaps his most accessible work for anyone with an interest in physics, compiled from lectures to Caltech undergraduates in 1961–64. As news of the lectures' lucidity grew, professional physicists and graduate students began to drop in to listen. Co-authors Robert B. Leighton and Mat... | Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend? | Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend? | [
"Once the popularity on the lectures grew, who began to attend?"
] | {
"text": [
"professional physicists and graduate students"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-70890 | 57320f26e17f3d140042264f | Bird | Bird eggs are usually laid in a nest. Most species create somewhat elaborate nests, which can be cups, domes, plates, beds scrapes, mounds, or burrows. Some bird nests, however, are extremely primitive; albatross nests are no more than a scrape on the ground. Most birds build nests in sheltered, hidden areas to avoid p... | Where do birds usually lay their eggs? | Where do birds usually lay their eggs? | [
"Where do birds usually lay their eggs?"
] | {
"text": [
"nest"
],
"answer_start": [
32
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-20560 | 56cc66326d243a140015ef98 | IPod | From the fifth-generation iPod on, Apple introduced a user-configurable volume limit in response to concerns about hearing loss. Users report that in the sixth-generation iPod, the maximum volume output level is limited to 100 dB in EU markets. Apple previously had to remove iPods from shelves in France for exceeding t... | What type of sensory issue was a concern prior to the release of 5th gen iPods? | What type of sensory issue was a concern prior to the release of 5th gen iPods? | [
"What type of sensory issue was a concern prior to the release of 5th gen iPods?"
] | {
"text": [
"hearing loss"
],
"answer_start": [
115
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-12082 | 56e161c3e3433e1400422e30 | Universal_Studios | In 1945, the British entrepreneur J. Arthur Rank, hoping to expand his American presence, bought into a four-way merger with Universal, the independent company International Pictures, and producer Kenneth Young. The new combine, United World Pictures, was a failure and was dissolved within one year. Rank and Internatio... | In what year was United World Pictures founded? | In what year was United World Pictures founded? | [
"In what year was United World Pictures founded?"
] | {
"text": [
"1945"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-93466 | 573146e3e6313a140071cdab | Light-emitting_diode | In the US, one kilowatt-hour (3.6 MJ) of electricity currently causes an average 1.34 pounds (610 g) of CO
2 emission. Assuming the average light bulb is on for 10 hours a day, a 40-watt bulb will cause 196 pounds (89 kg) of CO
2 emission per year. The 6-watt LED equivalent will only cause 30 pounds (14 kg) of CO
2 ove... | How much CO2 emission would a 40-watt light bulb produce after 10 hours? | How much CO2 emission would a 40-watt light bulb produce after 10 hours? | [
"How much CO2 emission would a 40-watt light bulb produce after 10 hours?"
] | {
"text": [
"196 pounds"
],
"answer_start": [
203
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-14004 | 56de86914396321400ee29fa | BBC_Television | As a division within the BBC, Television was formerly known as BBC Vision for a few years in the early 21st century, until its name reverted to Television in 2013. It is responsible for the commissioning, producing, scheduling and broadcasting of all programming on the BBC's television channels, and is led by Danny Coh... | Who is the current head of BBC Television? | Who is the current head of BBC Television? | [
"Who is the current head of BBC Television?"
] | {
"text": [
"Danny Cohen"
],
"answer_start": [
311
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-19766 | 57316ed305b4da19006bd14f | Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas | Over the course of thousands of years, American indigenous peoples domesticated, bred and cultivated a large array of plant species. These species now constitute 50–60% of all crops in cultivation worldwide. In certain cases, the indigenous peoples developed entirely new species and strains through artificial selection... | What percent of worldwide crops in cultivation derive from the efforts of the America's indigenous people? | What percent of worldwide crops in cultivation derive from the efforts of the America's indigenous people? | [
"What percent of worldwide crops in cultivation derive from the efforts of the America's indigenous people?"
] | {
"text": [
"50–60%"
],
"answer_start": [
162
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-53399 | 5727b97a4b864d1900163b84 | Sichuan | Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone (Chinese: 成都经济技术开发区; pinyin: Chéngdū jīngjì jìshù kāifā qū) was approved as state-level development zone in February 2000. The zone now has a developed area of 10.25 km2 (3.96 sq mi) and has a planned area of 26 km2 (10 sq mi). Chengdu Economic and Technological Devel... | When was the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone approved? | When was the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone approved? | [
"When was the Chengdu Economic and Technological Development Zone approved?"
] | {
"text": [
"February 2000"
],
"answer_start": [
160
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-54224 | 56df065d3277331400b4d8c9 | Canadian_Armed_Forces | Approximately 26,000 citizen soldiers, sailors, and airmen and women, trained to the level of and interchangeable with their Regular Force counterparts, and posted to CAF operations or duties on a casual or ongoing basis, make up the Primary Reserve. This group is represented, though not commanded, at NDHQ by the Chief... | What are some of the components of the reserve force? | What are some of the components of the reserve force? | [
"What are some of the components of the reserve force?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Naval Reserve (NAVRES), Land Force Reserve (LFR), and Air Reserve (AIRRES)"
],
"answer_start": [
556
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-114852 | 5a7dcd9270df9f001a8751be | Matter | In bulk, matter can exist in several different forms, or states of aggregation, known as phases, depending on ambient pressure, temperature and volume. A phase is a form of matter that has a relatively uniform chemical composition and physical properties (such as density, specific heat, refractive index, and so forth).... | What is a phase not dependent on? | What is a phase not dependent on? | [
"What is a phase not dependent on?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-116291 | 5a690b308476ee001a58aa2c | Punjab,_Pakistan | The structure of a mosque is simple and it expresses openness. Calligraphic inscriptions from the Quran decorate mosques and mausoleums in Punjab. The inscriptions on bricks and tiles of the mausoleum of Shah Rukn-e-Alam (1320 AD) at Multan are outstanding specimens of architectural calligraphy. The earliest existing b... | Where does the structure of a mosque come from? | Where does the structure of a mosque come from? | [
"Where does the structure of a mosque come from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-64631 | 5733f2454776f4190066157d | Portugal | Portugal has arguably the most liberal laws concerning possession of illicit drugs in the Western world. In 2001, Portugal decriminalized possession of effectively all drugs that are still illegal in other developed nations including, but not limited to, cannabis, cocaine, heroin, and LSD. While possession is legal, tr... | What option is allowed to those caught with small amounts of drugs? | What option is allowed to those caught with small amounts of drugs? | [
"What option is allowed to those caught with small amounts of drugs?"
] | {
"text": [
"go to a rehab facility"
],
"answer_start": [
504
]
} |
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