Split (1)

train · 4.48k rows

doc_id stringlengths 1 5	doc_title stringlengths 2 371	doc_lang stringclasses 15 values	doc_type stringclasses 19 values	doc_desc_list listlengths 1 4	ddc stringclasses 71 values	doc_subject_list listlengths 0 52
14817	Issues in Balto-Slavic accentology	eng	doc-type:report	[ "After the very well-organized Leiden conference for which we must be grateful to Tijmen Pronk, it seems appropriate for me to review some of the papers, as I did after the previous conferences in Zagreb and Copenhagen. The aim of this review is merely to point out some of the differences of opinion which require f...	ddc:400	[ "Baltoslawische Sprachen" ]
14819	Rise and development of Slavic accentual paradigms	eng	doc-type:report	[ "It appears that the complexity of Slavic historical accentology is prohibitive for most non-specialists in the field. It may therefore be useful to approach the subject from a number of different angles in order to render it more accessible to a wider audience. In the following I shall discuss the separate accent ...	ddc:400	[ "Slawische Sprachen" ]
14820	West Slavic accentuation	eng	doc-type:report	[ "At the time of the earliest reconstructible dialectal divergences, which belong to the Late Middle Slavic period of my chronology (stages 7.0 - 8.0 of Kortlandt 1989a, 2003, 2008), the West Slavic languages represented the most conservative part of the Slavic dialects (cf. Kortlandt 1982b: 191 and 2003: 231)." ]	ddc:400	[ "Slawische Sprachen" ]
14821	All's well that ends well	eng	doc-type:article	[ "A few years ago, Jasanoff adopted the central tenet of my accentological theory, viz. that the Balto-Slavic acute was a stød or glottal stop, not a rising tone (cf. Kortlandt 1975, 1977, 2004, Jasanoff 2004a). Of course, nobody will believe Jasanoff’s claim that he arrived at the same result independently thirty y...	ddc:400	[ "Baltoslawische Sprachen" ]
14822	Balto-Slavic accentuation revisited	eng	doc-type:report	[ "There is every reason to welcome the revised edition (2009) of Thomas Olander’s dissertation (2006), which I have criticized elsewhere (2006). The book is very well written and the author has a broad command of the scholarly literature. I have not found any mistakes in Olander’s rendering of other people’s views. ...	ddc:400	[ "Baltoslawische Sprachen" ]
14823	More on the chronology of Celtic sound changes	eng	doc-type:report	[ "Graham Isaac’s recent monograph (2007) deals with the chronology of Celtic sound changes. Remarkably, the author completely disregards the relative chronology which I published 28 years earlier (1979). In the following I shall discuss the main issues on which our views differ." ]	ddc:400	[ "Keltische Sprachen", "Lautwandel" ]
14824	Causes and effects of Substratum, Superstratum and Adstratum influence, with reference to Tibeto-Burman languages	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Language contact has become a major focus of inquiry in historical and typological linguistics in the last twenty years, spurred in a large part by the publication of Thomason & Kaufman (1988), which tried to make sense of a large amount of language contact data. They argued that there was a direct relationship be...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14825	Chinese as a topic-comment (not topic-prominent and not SVO) language	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Many linguists in China and the West have talked about Chinese as a topic-comment language, that is, a language in which the structure of the clause takes the form of a topic, about which something is to be said, and a comment, which is what is said about the topic, rather than being a language with a subject-pred...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Chinesisch" ]
14826	Relative clause structures in the Rawang language	eng	doc-type:article	[ "This paper discusses the types of relative clause and noun complement structures found in the Rawang language, a Tibeto-Burman language of northern Myanmar, as well as their origin and uses, with data taken mainly from naturally occurring texts. Two types are preposed relative clauses, but in one the relative clau...	ddc:400	[ "Nungisch", "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14827	Nominalization in Rawang	eng	doc-type:article	[ "This paper discusses the various forms, origins, and uses of nominalization in the Rawang (Rvwàng) language, a Tibeto-Burman language of northern Myanmar, with data taken mainly from naturally occurring texts." ]	ddc:400	[ "Nungisch", "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14829	Minority languages of China	eng	doc-type:article	[ "This chapter looks at language endangerment in the People's Republic of China, focusing on three of the main factors that influence language maintenance in China today: increased contact due to population movements and changes in the economy; the population policies of the government, particularly the identificati...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Chinesisch", "Bedrohte Sprache", "Sprachkontakt" ]
14830	On describing word order	eng	doc-type:article	[ "One aspect that is always discussed in language descriptions, no matter how short they may be, is word order. Beginning with Greenberg 1963, it has been common to talk about word order using expressions such as \"X is an SOV language\", where \"S\" represents \"subject\", \"0\" represents \"object\", and \"V\" rep...	ddc:400	[ "Wortstellung" ]
14831	Deskriptive Grammatik des Deutsch-Fersentalerischen (Mòcheno)	deu	doc-type:book	[ "Das Fersental (Valle del Fèrsina) liegt etwa fünfzehn Kilometer östlich von Trient in der Provinz Trient / Trento in Oberitalien und bildet eine germanophone Sprachinsel im hauptsächlich italienisch-sprachigen Trentino. Gesprochen wird die Minderheitensprache „Mòchenisch“ [...] oder Deutsch-Fersentalerisch heute i...	ddc:400	[ "Mundart", "Deskriptive Grammatik", "Fersental" ]
14832	On grammatical relations as constraints on referent identification	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Based on a Relevance Theory-informed view of language development, this paper argues that grammatical relations are construction-specific conventionalizations (grammaticalizations) of implicatures which arise out of repeated patterns of reference to particular types of referents. Once conventionalized, these struc...	ddc:400	[ "Grammatiktheorie" ]
14833	Copula constructions in Rawang	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "This paper discusses the various uses of the copula in the Rawang language, a Tibeto-Burman language of northern Myanmar, plus other types of copula like-constructions, with data taken mainly from naturally occurring texts." ]	ddc:400	[ "Nungisch", "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14834	Sino-Tibetan languages	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "The Sino-Tibetan (ST) language family includes the Sinitic languages (what for political reasons are known as Chinese ‘dialects’) and the 200 to 300 Tibeto-Burman (TB) languages. Geographically it stretches from Northeast India, Burma, Bangladesh, and northern Thailand in the southeast, throughout the Tibetan plat...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14835	Li Fang-Kuei (1902-1987)	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Fang-Kuei Li was one of the foremost scholars of Thai and Sino-Tibetan studies and a major contributor to Amerind studies. Born in China, he was one of the early scholars sent to the United States to study. He had developed an interest in language while learning English, Latin, and German as part of his studies in...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Thai" ]
14836	Wang Li (1900-1986)	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Wang Li (Wang Liaoyi) was one of the three most prominent linguists in China in the 20th century. He was born August 10, 1900, in what is now Bobai County of the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Area." ]	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14851	Chao Yuen Ren (1892–1982)	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Y. R. Chao is easily the most famous linguist to have come out of China. Born before the end of the last dynasty in China, he received a traditional Confucian education, but was also one of the first Chinese people to be sent to the West for training in modern Western science (under the Boxer Indemnity Fund). The ...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14852	The inclusive-exclusive distinction in Tibeto-Burman languages	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "A survey of 170 Tibeto-Burman languages showed 69 with a distinction between inclusive and exclusive first-person plural pronouns, 18 of which also show inclusive- exclusive in Idual. Only the Kiranti languages and some Chin languages have inclusive-exclusive in the person marking. Of the forms of the pronouns inv...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen ; Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14853	Typology and complexity	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "For the Workshop I was asked to talk about complexity in language from a typological perspective. My way of approaching this topic was to ask myself some questions, and then see where the answers led. The first one was of course, \"What sort of system are we looking at complexity in - what kind of system is langua...	ddc:400	[ "Sprachtypologie" ]
14854	Adjectives in Qiang	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Qiang is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by 70,000-80,000 people in Northern Sichuan Province, China, classified as being in the Qiang or Tibetan nationality by the Chinese government. The language is verb final, agglutinative (prefixing and suffixing), and has both head-marking and dependent-marking morphology." ...	ddc:400	[ "Qiang-Sprache", "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14855	On nominal relational morphology in Tibeto-Burman	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "For this paper, 170 Tibeto-Burman languages were surveyed for nominal ease marking (adpositions), in an attempt to determine ifit would be possible to reeonstruet any ease markers to Proto· Tibeto-Burman, and in so doing leam more about the nature of the grammatieal organization of Proto-Tibeto-Burman. The data we...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14856	Why languages differ : variation in the conventionalization of constraints on inference	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Sperber and Wilson (1996) and Wilson and Sperber (1993) have argued that communication involves two processes, ostension and inference, but they also assume there is a coding-decoding stage of communication and a functional distinction between lexical items and grammatical marking (what they call 'conceptual' vs. ...	ddc:400	[ "Kommunikation" ]
14857	Evidentiality in Qiang	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "The Qiang language is spoken by about 70,000 (out of 200,000) Qiang people, plus 50,000 people classified as Tibetan by the Chinese government. Most Qiang speakers live in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture on the eastern edge of the Tibetan plateau in the mountainous northwest part of Sichuan Province, C...	ddc:400	[ "Qiang-Sprache", "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14860	Problems of methodology and explanation in word order universals research	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Ever since the publication of Greenberg 1963, word order typologists have attempted to formulate and refine implicational universals of word order so as to characterize the restricted distribution of certain word order patterns, and in some cases have also attempted to develop general principles to explain the exi...	ddc:400	[ "Wortstellung" ]
14862	Dulong texts : seven fully analyzed narrative and procedural texts	eng	doc-type:preprint	[ "Dulong is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in Gongshan Dulong and Nu Autonomous county in Yunnan, China, by members of the Dulong nationality (pop.: 6,000), and part of the Nu nationality (roughly 6,000 people)." ]	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Drung" ]
14864	Middle voice marking in Tibeto-Burman	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Middle voice marking is very rarely recognized as such in the grammars written on Tibeto-Burman languages. It is often simply treated as a normal direct reflexive or as an intransitivizer. In order to draw the attention of scholars to the existence and function of middle voice marking in Tibeto-Burman languages, t...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14865	On the utility of the concepts of markedness and prototypes in understanding the development of morphological systems	eng	doc-type:article	[ "In attempting to understand the history of the morphology of a language or group of languages, we occasionally face a problem of isomorphy, where two or more semantic categories evince the same formal marking. We then must decide which use of that particular form of marking is the oldest, and also determine the po...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen ; Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14866	Ergative marking in Tibeto-Burman	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "This paper presents the first results of a comprehensive project on comparative Tibeto-Burman (TB) morpho-syntax. Data on morphological forms and typological patterns were collected from one hundred fifty-one languages and dialects in the TB family. For this paper the data were surveyed for nominal 'ergative' or a...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
14869	Parallel grammaticalizations in Tibeto-Burman : evidence of Sapir's 'Drift'	eng	doc-type:article	[ "In chapters seven and eight of his book Language, Sapir talked about what he called ‘drift’, the changes that a language undergoes through time [...]. Dialects of a language are formed when that language is broken into different segments that no longer move along the same exact drift. Even so, the general drift of...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Sapir", "Edward" ]
14870	Variable finals in proto-Sino-Tibetan	eng	doc-type:article	[ "This paper concentrates on variable finals, and argues that just as we find a certain amount of both rule-governed and non-rule governed variation in modern languages, in reconstructing Proto-Sino-Tibetan we should recognize the possibility of these types of variation." ]	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
14871	Arguments against 'subject' and 'direct object' as viable concepts in Chinese	eng	doc-type:preprint	[ "Thirty-one years ago Tsu-lin Mei (1961) argued against the traditional doctrine that saw the subject-predicate distinction in grammar as parallel to the particular- universal distinction in logic, as he said it was a reflex of an Indo-European bias, and could not be valid, as ‘Chinese ... does not admit a distinct...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Chinesisch" ]
14872	On the change to verb-medial word order in proto-Chinese : evidence from Tibeto-Burman	eng	doc-type:article	[ "In attempting to reconstruct the morphosyntax of Proto-Sino-Tibetan, one of the most basic questions to be answered is what was the unmarked word order of the proto-language? Chinese, Bai, and Karen are verb-medial languages, while all of the Tibeto-Burman languages except for Bai and Karen have verb-final word or...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Chinesisch", "Wortstellung" ]
14873	Topicalization and the question of lexical passives in Chinese	eng	doc-type:preprint	[ "This paper is one argument for a theory of grammatical relations in Chinese in which there are no grammatical relations beyond semantic roles, and no lexical relation-changing rules. As the passive rule is one of the most common relation changing rules cross-linguistically, in this paper I will address the questio...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Chinesisch" ]
14874	Constituent structure of a Tagalog text	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "This paper is an inductive look at the constituents found in a randomly selected Tagalog text, Bob Ong’s Alamat ng Gubat (Makati City, MM: Visual Print Enterprises, 2004). The analysis is based on the full text, but we will only be able to go through the first few lines of the text here, which we will do one by on...	ddc:400	[ "Tagalog", "Philippinen-Austronesisch" ]
14875	Transitivity and transitivity alternations in Rawang and Qiang	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "This paper is more about presenting phenomena and questions related to the concept of transitivity in Tibeto-Burman languages that I hope will stimulate discussion, rather than presenting strong conclusions. Sections 2 and 3 present alternative analyses of transitivity and questions about transitivity in two Tibet...	ddc:400	[ "Qiang-Sprache", "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Nungisch" ]
14876	Questions on transitivity	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "This handout (it isn’t a paper) presents phenomena and questions, rather than conclusions, related to the concept of transitivity. The idea is to return to these questions at the end of the Workshop to see if we can have a clearer consensus about the best general analysis of phenomena associated with transitivity....	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Nungisch" ]
14877	'Transitivity harmony' in the Rawang language of Northern Myanmar	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "Rawang [...] is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by people who live in the far north of Kachin State in Myanmar (Burma), particularly along the Mae Hka ('Nmai Hka) and Maeli Hka (Mali Hka) river valleys; population unknown, although Ethnologue gives 100,000. In the past they had been called ‘Nung’, or (mistakenly) ...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Nungisch" ]
14878	Hierarchical person marking in Rawang	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "Rawang (Rvwàng) is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken in the far north of Myanmar (Burma), and is closely related to the Dulong language spoken in China. Rawang manifests a kind of hierarchical person marking on the predicate which marks first person primarily (in several different ways - suffixes, change of final co...	ddc:490	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Nungisch" ]
14879	Word-class-changing derivations in Rawang	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "Rawang [...] is a Tibeto-Burman language spoken by people who live in the far north of Kachin State in Myanmar (Burma), particularly along the Mae Hka ('Nmai Hka) and Maeli Hka (Mali Hka) river valleys (see map on back page); population unknown, although Ethnologue gives 100,000. In the past they had been called ‘...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen", "Nungisch" ]
14880	The how and why of syntactic relations	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "Human communication takes place when one person does something that when seen or heard by another person is taken to be done with the intention to communicate, and the other person, having seen the communicator show his or her intention to communicate, then uses inference to determine what the communicator intends...	ddc:400	[ "Syntax" ]
14882	Direct and indirect speech in Tagalog	eng	doc-type:conferenceObject	[ "Tagalog is an Austronesian language of the Philippines. It is the basis for one of the two official languages of the Philippines, Pilipino, and as such potentially spoken by 81 million people, though there are many sub-varieties." ]	ddc:400	[ "Tagalog", "Philippinen-Austronesisch" ]
14884	Subgrouping in Tibeto-Burman : can an individual-identifying standard be developed? ; how do we factor in the history of migrations and language contact?	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Two problems cloud our understanding of subgrouping in Tibeto-Burman. One is the lack of consistent and clear standards and principles for subgrouping. Subgrouping is often based on certain features that the languages are said to share, or on a few shared lexical items, or even on the fieldworker's intuitions, or ...	ddc:400	[ "Tibetobirmanische Sprachen" ]
15109	Grammatical relations typology	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Traditionally, the term \"grammatical relation\" (GR) refers to the morphosyntactic properties that relate an argument to a clause, as, for example, its subject or its object. Alternative terms are \"syntactic function\" or \"syntactic role\", and they highlight the fact that GRs are defined by the way in which ar...	ddc:400	[ "Grammatik" ]
15112	Absolute and statistical universals	eng	doc-type:preprint	[ "Language universals are statements that are true of all languages, for example: “all languages have stop consonants”. But beneath this simple definition lurks deep ambiguity, and this triggers misunderstanding in both interdisciplinary discourse and within linguistics itself. A core dimension of the ambiguity is c...	ddc:400	[ "Sprachliche Universalien" ]
15113	Verb agreement and epistemic marking : a typological journey from the Himalayas to the Caucasus	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Epistemische Morphologie registriert manchmal das Wissen über spezifische Argumente anstatt über Propositionen. Sie steht dann in minimalem Kontrast zu Kongruenzmorphologie, die die Identität von Argumenten registriert. Diese Ähnlichkeit lässt erwarten, dass die relevante Personenkategorie – der Referent, dessen W...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
15114	Prosodic tautomorphemicity in Sino-Tibetan	eng	doc-type:preprint	[ "Sino-Tibetan is a prime example of how strongly a language family can typologically diversify under the pressure of areal spread features (Matisoff 1991, 1999). One of the manifestation of this is the average length of prosodic words. In Southeast Asia, prosodic words tend to average on one or one-and-a-half sylla...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Wortlänge", "Prosodie" ]
15115	Space, territory, and a stupa in Eastern Nepal: exploring Himalayan themes and traces of Bon	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Recent research has adduced growing evidence for a distinct stratum of cultural practices that underlies various \"tribal\" traditions in the Himalayan region and that also seems to be characteristic of various local versions of the Bon tradition. Bon literature is not uncommonly embedded in cultural patterns that...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Mythologie", "Lokalbezeichnung" ]
15116	A general method for the statistical evaluation of typological distributions	eng	doc-type:report	[ "The distribution of linguistic structures in the world is the joint product of universal principles, inheritance from ancestor languages, language contact, social structures, and random fluctuation. This paper proposes a method for evaluating the relative significance of each factor — and in particular, of univers...	ddc:400	[ "Sprachliche Universalien" ]
15117	On the scope of the referential hierarchy in the typology of grammatical relations	eng	doc-type:preprint	[ "In the late seventies, Bernard Comrie was one of the first linguists to explore the effects of the referential hierarchy (RH) on the distribution of grammatical relations (GRs). The referential hierarchy is also known in the literature as the animacy, empathy or indexibability hierarchy and ranks speech act partic...	ddc:400	[ "Grammatik" ]
15118	Introduction: person and evidence in Himalayan languages	eng	doc-type:article	[ "The present volume results from an initiative to foster cooperation between scholars of Himalayan languages in Europe. The initiative was launched five years ago and has brought about a series of annual workshop meetings and individual cooperative projects (cf. http://www.isw.unibe.ch/EuroHimal). The 1998 workshop...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
15119	Nominalization and focus constructions in some Kiranti languages	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "It is well-known that in many if not most Sino-Tibetan languages relative clause and attribute/genitive markers are identical with nominalization devices and that sentences bearing such markers can also function as independent utterances (cf. Matisoff 1972, Kölver 1977, DeLancey 1989, Genetti 1992, Ebert 1994, Bic...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Kiranti", "ddc:490" ]
15120	From ergativus absolutus to topic marking in Kiranti : a typological perspective	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "In many languages, clauses can be subordinated by means of case markers. For Bodic languages, a branch of Sino-Tibetan, Genetti (1986) has shown that the meaning of case markers on clauses is in most instances a natural extension of their function on nouns. A dative, for example, which marks a referential goal wit...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Kiranti", "ddc:490" ]
15121	Cultural formalism and spatial language in Belhara	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "When looking at ethnographies of Himalayan societies, one is impressed by the recurrent relevance and importance of spatial notions in cullural domains from shamanism to architecture, from belief systems to everyday behaviour, from religion to grammar." ]	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen", "Lokalbezeichnung", "Belhare", "ddc:490" ]
15125	Der Hang zur Exzentrik: Annäherungen an das kognitive Modell der Relativkonstruktion	deu	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Vor gut vierzig Jahren hat Milewski (1950) das Werkzeug der Syntaxtypologie um das Begriffspaar \"kon- und exzentrische Struktur\" vermehrt. Dieses Klassifikationsmittel wurde später von Nichols (1984,1986) erneuert und terminologisch mit der Unterscheidung von head- und dependent-marking erfasst. Dabei hat die Au...	ddc:400	[ "Relativsatz" ]
15126	What is typology? - a short note	eng	doc-type:report	[ "It is often assumed that the goal of typology is to define the notion ‘possible human language’. This view, which I call the Universalist Typology view is shared, for example, by virtually all contributors to Bynon & Shibatani’s 1995 volume Approaches to Language Typology, and by Moravscik in her review of this vo...	ddc:400	[ "Sprachtypologie" ]
15127	Principles of event framing : genetic stability in grammar and discourse	eng	doc-type:report	[ "Ever since Wilhelm von Humboldt’s (1836) pioneering study of Nahuatl, linguists have recurrently recognized that languages differ fundamentally in the syntactic weight they attribute to noun-phrases as the arguments of a verb. Currently, the most prominent attempts to turn this intuition into a precise hypothesis ...	ddc:400	[ "Grammatik" ]
15128	Grammatical relations, agreement, and genetic stability	eng	doc-type:report	[ "Languages vary in whether or not primary grammatical relations (PGRs) are sensitive to information from clause-level case or phrase structures. This variation correlates with a difference between verb agreement systems based on feature unification and systems based on feature composition. The choice between differ...	ddc:400	[ "Grammatik" ]
15129	Rhythm and feet in Belhare morphology	eng	doc-type:report	[ "In Belhare (Sino-Tibetan, Nepal), consonant prothesis at morpheme boundaries and deletion of stem \"augments\" is found if either metrical or morphological parsing would violate the bimoraic trochee pattern that underlies the stress system of the language. This finding corroborates Dresher & Lahiri’s (1991) \"Prin...	ddc:400	[ "Sinotibetische Sprachen" ]
15168	Morphology: the analysis of word structure	eng	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Part of linguistic competence involves the ability to construct and interpret words. The average high school student knows about 60,000 words whose form and meaning are not derived from those of other words. Such words including read, language, on, cold, and if, to name but a few - must be learned and stored as se...	ddc:400	[]
15179	Synthesetendenzen im Alemannischen : die Klitisierung von Artikel und Personalpronomen	deu	doc-type:bookPart	[ "Die hochdeutschen Dialekte sind gemeinhin dafür bekannt, beim Ausdruck grammatischer Kategorien analytischer zu verfahren als die Hochsprache. Dafür spricht die Ersetzung des synthetischen Präteritums durch das zusammengesetzte Perfekt und der Abbau der Genitivflexion. In diesem Aufsatz soll gezeigt werden, daß di...	ddc:400	[ "Syntax", "Alemannisch", "Berndeutsch", "Klitisierung" ]
15180	Deutsch-schwedische Divergenzen in Entstehung und Struktur der Familiennamen : ein Beitrag zur kontrastiven Onomastik	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Auf viele Schweden wirken deutsche Familiennamen wie Weiß und Groß oder Berufsbezeichnungen wie Schneider, Richter und Koch sehr befremdlich, da diese Namentypen in Schweden nicht vorkommen. Tatsächlich sind solche sprechenden beziehungsweise motivierbaren Namen in Deutschland so üblich, daß man nur in seltenen Fä...	ddc:400	[ "Sprachtypologie", "Namenkunde", "Schwedisch" ]
15181	Der alemannische Konjunktiv II zwischen Morphologie und Syntax : zur Neuordnung des Konjunktivsystems nach dem Präteritumschwund	deu	doc-type:bookPart	[ "In keinem anderen deutschen Dialektraum, nicht einmal in irgend einer anderen germanischen Sprache ist das Präteritum mit einer solchen Ausnahmslosigkeit geschwunden wie im Oberdeutschen und hier insbesondere im Alemannischen. Zwar haben (wie das Alemannische auch) alle diese Sprachen und Dialekte ein analytisches...	ddc:400	[ "Morphologie", "Syntax", "Alemannisch" ]
15182	Wann werden die deutschen Präpositionen flektieren? : Grammatisierungswege zur Flexion	deu	doc-type:bookPart	[ "In diesem Beitrag geht es darum, Flexion primär über die Abgrenzung zu ihren beiden morphologischen Nachbardomänen, die Derivation und die Klise, zu bestimmen. Aus diesen beiden morphologischen Typen entwickelt sich auch neue Flexion. Mit dem Vergleich von Flexion, Derivation und Klise und mit der Frage nach der E...	ddc:400	[ "Morphologie", "Flexion", "Klitisierung" ]
15183	Warum werden bestimmte Verben regelmäßig unregelmäßig? : Prinzipien und Funktionen der Irregularisierung	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Die meisten Sprachwandeltheorien betrachten morphologischen Sprachwandel primär als eine Regularisierung irregulär gewordener Formen. Als Ziel des Wandels werden homogene, transparente Paradigmen postuliert, deren Einzelformen möglichst baukastenartig organisiert sind, d.h. die Informationsabfolge sollte im Idealf...	ddc:400	[ "Morphologie", "Sprachwandel" ]
15184	Wie die Alten sungen ... : zur Rolle von Frequenz und Allomorphie beim präteritalen Numerusausgleich im Frühneuhochdeutschen	deu	doc-type:article	[ "The Early New High German period is characterized by the reduction of the former four-stage ablaut system (e. g. werfen inf. - warf pret.sg. - wurfen pret. pl. - geworfen past part.) into a three-stage system (werfen- warf-geworfen), involving the loss of the number distinction in the preterite. In earlier approac...	ddc:400	[ "Morphologie", "Sprachwandel", "Frühneuhochdeutsch" ]
15185	Auf der Suche nach dem idealen Eigennamen, 35.2000, S. 275-302	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Fragen nach der idealen Form und Struktur von Eigennamen werden nur selten gestellt. Dabei erfüllt der Eigenname - wie alle Wortarten - spezifische Funktionen, die ihrerseits, so die hier vertretene These, spezifische Strukturprinzipien am Wort selbst bewirken. Damit überlässt der ideale Eigenname seine Identifika...	ddc:400	[ "Lexikologie", "Namenkunde" ]
15186	The development of "junk" : irregularization strategies of HAVE and SAY in the Germanic languages	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Although it is a wellknown fact that the most frequent verbs are the most irregular ones (if not suppletive), it is rarely asked how they became irregular. This article deals with the irregularization process of two originally regular (weak) verbs, HAVE and SAY in the Germanic languages, e.g. have, but has/'s and ...	ddc:400	[ "Morphologie", "Sprachwandel" ]
15187	Wechselflexion Luxemburgisch - Deutsch kontrastiv: "ech soen - du sees/si seet" vs. "ich sage, du sagst, sie sagt" : zum sekundären Ausbau eines präsentischen Wurzelvokalwechsels im Luxemburgischen	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Die deutsche Wechselflexion besteht hauptsächlich im e -> i- und im a -> e-Wechsel in der 2. und 3. Person Singular im Präsens starker Verben (z.B. ich gebe vs. du gibst/sie gibt oder ich fahre vs. du fährst/sie fährt). Dieser binnenflektierende, modulatorische Person/Numerus-Ausdruck galt bisher als konservativer...	ddc:400	[ "Morphologie", "Sprachwandel", "Phonologie", "Luxemburgisch" ]
15190	Die Etymologie von griechisch psyche	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Zur Etymologie von psyche gab es bislang eine erstaunlich einhellige und feste Meinung, aber keine fundierte Untersuchung. Die hier vorgelegte Untersuchung hat ergeben, dass psyche nicht die 'Atemseele' und auch etymologisch nicht auf das Atmen zurückzufuhren ist. Die etymologische Bedeutung von psyche ist vielmeh...	ddc:400	[]
15241	Motion, time, and tense : on the grammaticization of come and go to future markers in bantu	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Many Bantu languages have grammaticized one or both types of motion verb - COME and GO - as future markers. However, they may differ in the semantics of future temporal reference, in some cases referring to a \"near\" future, in others to a \"remote\" future. This paper explores how the underlying image-schemas of...	ddc:490	[]
15247	Dutch nominalised infinitives as non-identical twins	eng	doc-type:book	[ "Dutch nominalised infinitives have been notoriously difficult to analyse, partly because they seem to show mixed verbal and nominal properties interspersed across the structure. In this paper, it is argued that at least two types of such infinitives should be distinguished, one which contains a high level of verba...	ddc:400	[ "Niederländisch", "Infinitiv", "Morphosyntax", "ddc:430" ]
15266	Intelligenz : ein relevantes differenzialdiagnostisches Merkmal bei Sprachentwicklungstörungen?	deu	doc-type:report	[ "Die Spezifische Sprachentwicklungsstörung (SSES) ist als erwartungswidrige Minderleistung der Sprachentwicklung im Vergleich zur kognitiven Entwicklung definiert. Untersucht wird, (1) ob sich für SSES-Kinder im Vergleich zu unterdurchschnittlich intelligenten sprachentwicklungsgestörten Kindern (SES-Lb) ein typisc...	ddc:150	[ "ddc:370", "ddc:400" ]
15271	Sprachkulturen im Vergleich : Konsequenzen für Sprachpolitik und internationale Wirtschaftskommunikation	deu	doc-type:workingPaper	[ "In nur wenigen Jahren wird die Euopäische Union um eine Gruppe osteuropäischer Staaten erweitert werden. Diese Erweiterung birgt Chancen und Risiken. Die Chancen liegen unter anderem in der Erweiterung der Märkte und gegenseitigen Handelsbeziehungen. Voraussetzung hierfür ist allerdings gegenseitiges Verständnis i...	ddc:400	[]
15604	Plural semantics for natural language understanding : a computational proof-theoretic approach	eng	doc-type:book	[ "The semantics of natural language plurals poses a number of intricate problems – both from a formal and a computational perspective. In this thesis I investigate problems of representing, disambiguating and reasoning with plurals from a computational perspective. The work defines a computationally suitable represe...	ddc:400	[]
16029	"At hedde et billede" : en undersøgelse af betydningsdannelsen i logotyper	dan	doc-type:book	[ "Vores interesse for logotyper tager sit udgangspunkt to steder: I vores fælles interesse for henholdsvis visuelle kommunikationsformer og de måder, hvorpå virksomheder kommunikerer med deres omverden. Vores interesse for visuelle kommunikationsformer er overvejende praktisk funderet, da Christian driver Øje for Øj...	ddc:400	[]
16063	What kind of minded being has language : anticipatory dynamics, arguability and agency in a normatively and transforming learning system ; part 1	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Theories of cognition that are based on information processing and representation are reactive (Rosen, 1985) or backwards looking, not anticipatory. In a previous article (Thibault, 2005a), I looked at the reasons why humans and bonobos do not need an innate language faculty in order to be minded, languaging being...	ddc:400	[]
16138	Recent activity in the theory of aspect : accomplishments, achievements, or just non-progressive state?	eng	doc-type:article	[ "There is an inexhaustible stream of theoretical work on aspect. More than 20 major books of a gelteral nature have come out during the past few years, not to mention the vast amount of shorter articles. The theoretical proposals found in these works are often radically different. What is the state of the art in th...	ddc:400	[]
16141	A sketch of Houailou grammar	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Houailou is an Oceanic language spoken by approximately 7,000 people in central New Caledonia. Haudricourt, in his classification of the New Caledonia Languages, assigns Houailou to his Southern Group (Haudricourt, 1971). The following grammatical description of Houailou is based primarily on J. de La Fontinelle's...	ddc:490	[]
16158	Cross-linguistic parallels in language loss	eng	doc-type:article	[ "What are the similarities and differences in the loss of grammatical systems across individual languages? To answer this question, I examine structural consequences of language attrition and the correspondences between language-particular and cross-linguistic phenomena under circumstances of severe attrition. Howe...	ddc:400	[]
16606	Deutsch : eine Sprache im Niedergang?	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Ich werde vier Fragen behandeln: 1. Wie viele Menschen sprechen und lernen Deutsch? 2. Wie vernachlässigen die Deutschen ihre Sprache? 3. Warum mögen die Deutschen ihre Sprache nicht? 4. Worum hat die deutsche Sprache trotzdem eine Chance?" ]	ddc:430	[]
16744	International sales talk : on some linguistic needs of today's business communication in European settings	eng	doc-type:book	[ "The paper focuses on business negotiation in settings in which participants from different mothertongue backgrounds choose French, English andfor German as one of their languages of communication. A general scheme of the action-pattem of buying and selling will be sketched out which allows us to analyze specific C...	ddc:400	[]
16850	Essai de reconnaissance et de determination de l'origine des principales familles Yoruba de Porto-Novo à partir de leur "Oriki"	fra	doc-type:article	[ "Le problème que nous abordons ici représente une entreprise bien téméraire à cause des multiples aspects qui le caractérisent et du manque de données concordantes le concernant. En effet, à notre grande surprise d'ailleurs, il n'a pas été facile de recueillir des informations \"sûres\" auprès des \"sources\" qu'on...	ddc:490	[]
16911	Ruth Klüger in Deutschland	deu	doc-type:book	[ "Enthält: \r\nRuth Klügers deutsches Publikum im Spiegel der Veranstaltungsberichte / Stephan Braese\r\nWeiter leben in der deutschen Buchkritik / Holger Gehle\r\nRuth Klügers Lesung in Hamburg / von Timothy K. Boyd\r\nRuth Klüger liest in Bonn / von Holger Gehle\r\nRuth Klüger im Gespräch mit Matthias Beltz / von ...	ddc:430	[ "Klüger, Ruth", "Rezeption", "Deutschland" ]
17029	Gedicht vom Majimaji-Aufstand : Gedicht über den Majimaji-Aufstand 1905/06 in Deutsch-Ostafrika	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Der Verfasser ist der verstorbene Koranschullehrer Abdul Karim bin Jamaldini in Lindi. Da er von Eltern abstammt, die in Lamu geboren waren, so kommen außer vielen arabischen Wörtern solche des Lamudialektes vor. Außerdem sind hier und da auch Wörter andrer Sprachen, z. B. des Kimakonde eingestreut. In Lindi selbs...	ddc:490	[]
17293	Kolonial-Deutsch : Vorschläge einer künftigen deutschen Kolonialsprache in systematisch-grammatikalischer Darstellung und Begründung	deu	doc-type:book	[ "Wikipedia (28.02.2008): Kolonial-Deutsch ist eine von dem Kolonialbeamten Emil Schwörer im Jahr 1916 veröffentlichte Plansprache. Schwörer entwarf dieses Pidgin für die Kommunikation in Deutsch-Südwestafrika und publizierte eine 62-Seiten umfassende Broschüre mit dem Titel \"Vorschläge einer künftigen deutschen Ko...	ddc:430	[]
17436	The limits of Cushitic	eng	doc-type:article	[ "Gegenstände der Untersuchung sind genetische Gliederung und historische Rekonstruktion im Kuschitischen. Nach dem Kriterium gemeinsamer sprachlicher Innovationen sind folgende Schlüsse möglich: (1) Ik ist keine kuschitische, nicht einmal eine afroasiatische Sprache. (2) Es ist durchaus nicht sicher, daß die Burji-...	ddc:490	[]
1770	Politik und Sprachverlust : die Rache der Prinzessin Gimbi und der Niedergang des Dorfes Numudara	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Das Dorf Numudara (Burkina Faso) liegt ca. 25 km südwestlich von Bobo-Dioulasso am Rand der Falaise von Banfora und zählt heute ca. 3000 Einwohner, größtenteils Tyefo, deren \"Hauptstadt\" Numudara war und ist. Heute umfaßt die Ethnie der Tyefo noch etwa 21000 Personen, die sich zwar ihrer \"Identität\" als Tyefo ...	ddc:490	[]
1781	À propos d’un toponyme Bobo: Sya (Bobo-Dioulasso)	fra	doc-type:article	[ "Cette communication s’est voulu un essai d’analyse toponymique pas forcément destinée à des linguistes. Elle indique tout de même la nécessité de recourir à la linguistique dans le cas où plusieurs versions étiologiques sont soumises à propos d’un toponyme donné. Que le résultat de l’analyse linguistique aboutisse...	ddc:490	[]
1785	Le bobo dans l'environnement linguistique burkinabé	fra	doc-type:article	[ "Malgré le nombre assez élevé des écrits relatifs aux BObO, force est d'admettre que leur langue reste encore peu connue chez des spécialistes de la linguistique. Cela est dû au fait que les différents travaux effectués à ce jour restent assez limités quant à leur diffusion. En effet, une grande partie de ces trava...	ddc:490	[]
1791	Évolution de la question de l’utilisation des langues nationales dans le système éducatif au Burkina Faso	fra	doc-type:article	[ "Nous nous intéresserons à la question de l'utilisation qui est faite des langues nationales, notamment dans le système éducatif. C'est un fait connu en effet que la langue officielle du Burkina est le français et que tout l'enseignement formel, du premier jour à l'école jusqu'au dernier jour à l'université en pass...	ddc:400	[]
1799	Takarda daga Kaltungo : ein Brief von Mr. Fada Feson aus Kaltungo	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Ein ungewöhnlicher Zufall wollte es, daß mir vor einiger Zeit beim Durchblättern eines Buches ein Brief in die Hände fiel, welcher sogleich meine Aufmerksamkeit erregte. Zum einen war es das übergroße Format der Briefbögen, sodann eine klare ebenmäßige Schrift, vor allem aber war es der Absendeort \"Kaltungo\", de...	ddc:490	[]
1802	Kanuri-Lehnwörter im geographischen Vokabular des Gamergu	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Lehnwörter dienen als wichtiges linguistisches Indiz für Sprachkontakt, d.h. der Koexistenz mehrerer Sprachen innerhalb einer bestimmten Region, deren Sprecher diese Sprachen alternativ verwenden. Sprachkontakte können im politischen, historischen, geographischen und/oder kulturgeschichtlichen Kontext betrachtet w...	ddc:490	[]
1820	The concept of Pulaaku mirrored in fulfulde proverbs of the Gombe dialect	eng	doc-type:article	[ "The paper gives a brief history of the Fulçe people who are found all over West and Central Africa. Since no study of a people is complete without mentioning their language, the paper also gives a very brief account of Fulfulde, the language of the Fulçe people. However, the central focus of the paper is the conce...	ddc:490	[]
18244	"Schäubleweise", "Schröderisierung" und "riestern" : Formen und Funktionen von Ableitungen aus Personenamen im öffentlichen Sprachgebrauch	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Dass man mit PN [Personennamen] mehr machen kann als nur auf die Namensträger zu referieren, ist Schriftstellern und Literaturwissenschaftlern natürlich immer schon bewusst gewesen. Eigennamen (EN), die „von Haus aus“ nicht zum Charakterisieren, sondern nur zum Referieren taugen, werden aber offensichtlich auch im...	ddc:430	[ "Name", "Sprachgebrauch" ]
1834	"Terraces" and "terraced farms" in the languages of the Tangale-Waja Uplands	eng	doc-type:article	[ "The mountains of the Tangale-Waja Uplands are inhabited by a number of small ethnic groups. They speak different languages which belong to two unrelated linguistic stocks. The Afroasiatic stock is represented by Chadic languages, especially Tangale, but also Pero and Kushi (further to the south along the slopes of...	ddc:490	[]
1836	Erosive Prozesse in der Tangale-Sprache	deu	doc-type:article	[ "Die Faktoren, die das Gefüge und den Aufbau eines Satzes bestimmen, sind möglicherweise schwerer zu definieren als die die Landschaft bestimmenden Geofaktoren. Verkürzt gesagt, richten sich die verschiedenen Satztypen nach den mannigfaltigen Intentionen, die der Sprecher mit seiner Aussage verbindet. Die Mittel, d...	ddc:490	[]
1838	The Benue-Gongola-Chad Basin : zone of ethnic and linguistic compression	eng	doc-type:article	[ "We wish to emphasize the fact that so far our investigations have concentrated on documenting large bodies of data covering a number of linguistic units in an area which - as we hope to have demonstrated - displays a highly complex linguistic and ethnic structure. Our aim in the above remarks is essentially to thr...	ddc:490	[]
1850	Historical implications of a linguistic environment - towards a systemic approach	eng	doc-type:article	[ "The aim of our project B6 “Towards a genesis of the ethnolinguistic situation at the southern and western fringes of lake Chad basin” within SFB 268 “West African Savannah” is to analyse the emergence and development of the complex presentday ethnolinguistic patterns in a region which may be historically labelled ...	ddc:490	[]

Subsets and Splits

No community queries yet

The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.