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it is chronic , progressive , and costly , and creates several complications . for individuals with diabetes
it is difficult to accept these threads which may change their lifestyle . in most cases it will not be weird to see mood disorders such as depression in these individuals ( 1 ) .
depression has a two - way ... | background : diabetes imposes restrictions on physical , emotional , and social functioning of children and adolescents.objectives:the aim of this study was to determine effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy ( act ) for depression , psychological well - being and feeling of guilt in 7 - 15 years old diabet... |
nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide and occurs predominantly in obese , sedentary people and patients with type ii diabetes ( 1 ) .
nafld includes a wide variety of liver disorders from simple steatosis to hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis ( 2 ) .
it is... | background : nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld ) is one of the most common chronic liver diseases worldwide .
the pathogenesis of this disease is closely associated with obesity and insulin resistance .
ginger can have hypolipidemic and antioxidant effects , and act as an insulinsensitizer.objectives:the aim... |
it is thought to be secondary to the seeding and subsequent growth of splenic cells within the peritoneal cavity and , less commonly , within extraperitoneal locations.13 given that splenosis is usually asymptomatic , its true incidence is unknown.4 the diagnosis of splenosis is usually made incidentally on imaging or ... | splenosis , the autotransplantation of splenic tissue following splenic trauma , is uncommonly clinically significant .
splenosis is typically diagnosed incidentally on imaging or at laparotomy and has been mistakenly attributed to various malignancies and pathological conditions . on the rare occasion when splenosis... |
gitelman 's syndrome ( gs ) is an autosomal recessive tubular disorder characterized by hypokalemic alkalosis , hypomagnesemia , and hypocalciuria .
hypopituitarism can have varied etiologies including tumor in hypothalamo - pituitary region or its treatment , inflammatory , genetic , trauma , and hemorrhage , and ca... | gitelman 's syndrome is an inherited tubulopathy affecting thiazide - sensitive sodium chloride cotransporter , which manifests with hypokalemic alkalosis , hypomagnesemia , and hypocalciuria .
recently few cases have been described having an association of gitelman 's syndrome with pituitary abnormalities on imaging... |
gastric cancer is a universally common cancer and the second most common cause of cancer related death .
lymph node metastasis is reported to be one of the most important prognostic factors for gastric carcinoma .
the tumor - node - metastasis staging method ( tnm ) staging system is a widely accepted method for th... | background : the presence of metastatic lymph nodes is the most important prognostic factor for gastric carcinoma ; however , the optimal system for the accurate staging of lymph node metastasis for patients with gastric cancer remains controversial .
this study was designed to compare five systems in relation to the... |
stroke is the third cause of mortality and the first
cause of disability in adults [ 1 , 2 ] . as cerebral ischemia can not be predicted , timely
imaging and accurate interpretation are required to identify patients who might
benefit from more aggressive therapy .
although computed tomography ( ct ) and
magne... | timely imaging and accurate interpretation of cerebral ischemia are required to
identify patients who might benefit from more aggressive therapy , and nuclear medicine
offers a noninvasive method for demonstrating cerebral ischemia .
three
nitroimidazole - based thioflavin - t derivatives , n-[4-(benzothiazol-2... |
could there possibly have been some influence from the old world on the group of people you mentioned deep in the amazon ?
varisco s response : some people think that perhaps the phoenicians came over here very early . [ that ] would be an old world influence .
it is the kind of thing that if one steps back , it ma... | all known human societies have a worldview that deserves to be called religion ; all religions must explain death .
anthropologists study the diversity of religious systems , present and past , in order to understand what is common to humanity . rather than starting from the view of a particular revelation or set of ... |
during the past 50 years , the number of women enrolling in medical school has increased almost nine - fold . in particular , the figures published by the association of medical colleges showed that , in 2005 , women in the united states ( us ) represented 49% of all medical students , compared to 6% in 1960 . simila... | during the past 50 years , the participation of women in medicine has increased dramatically . however , this encouraging influx has not been accompanied by equality for male and female faculty in terms of rank attainment , leadership roles and salaries .
there is considerable evidence that women are still under - re... |
it is well - documented in the international literature that elevated levels of cholesterol , triglycerides , and glucose are significant risk factors , among others , for coronary heart disease ( chd ) .
considerable efforts were made in the past to inform people of the critical consequences their lifestyle could ha... | background : this study conducted as part of a screening program for the promotion of community health in the primary care setting of ormos korthi in andros , greece .
the objective of this study was to identify the levels of glucose and total cholesterol in individuals without major cardiovascular problems in order ... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) is of notable public health significance globally with the greatest disease burden documented in sub - saharan africa ( ssa ) .
the world health organization ( who ) estimated about 8.7 million incident cases of tb with about 1.45 million deaths due to tb in 2011 globally .
a minority of patient... | a broad spectrum of endocrine conditions has been reported among adult patients with tuberculosis in africa . this review aims to describe the magnitude and pathogenesis of the following endocrinopathies among patients with tuberculosis in africa : adrenal insufficiency , diabetes mellitus , disorders of calcium and vi... |
routine diabetes care remains a family practice activity for which the canadian diabetes association ( cda ) has set standards since 1999 .
previous work in 7 canadian provinces examining the management of t2 dm patients between 1998 and 1999 found family physicians were falling short of best practice guidelines , ... | objective . diabetes care is an important part of family practice .
previous work indicates that diabetes management is variable .
this study aimed to examine diabetes care according to best practices in one part of ontario .
design and participants .
a retrospective chart audit of 96 charts from 18 physicians ... |
subarachnoid hemorrhage ( sah ) resulting from rupture of intracranial aneurysms is a highly fatal condition with a mortality rate as high as 50% in the 1st month . although vasospasm was the main cause of mortality and morbidity after aneurysm rupture , the conscious-2 trial showed no significant effect of clazosentan... | abstractcyclophilin a ( cypa ) , an oxidative stress - induced factor , was found to play an important role in the aneurysm formation .
our working hypothesis was that the plasma level of cypa in ruptured intracranial aneurysm could predict the neurological outcome.from 2011 to 2013 , a total of 36 patients with rupt... |
more than 80% occur in the submandibular gland or its duct , probably because of its more viscous saliva , longer duct , and higher mineral content in the saliva , 4 - 10% have been reported in the parotid gland and 1 - 7% in the sublingual gland or minor salivary glands .
the etiological factors of the sialoliths ar... | sialoliths are the most common diseases of the salivary glands
. they may occur in any of the salivary gland ducts but are most common in wharton 's duct and the submandibular gland .
this report presents clinical and radio graphical signs of two unusually large sialoliths which exfoliated by itself .
there were ... |
the action plan of the world health organization ( who ) for prevention and control of non - communicable diseases ( ncds ) in 2013 - 2020 has aimed a 25% relative reduction in the prevalence of hbp .
in addition to the effects of fetal programming , several factors determine the blood pressure ( bp ) level in childh... | background : the global health burden has faced toward non - communicable diseases ( ncds ) . it is suggested that adulthood blood pressure ( bp ) is tracked from childhood .
this study aims to evaluate the mean bp and the prevalence of prehypertension and hypertension in the iranian pediatric population.methods:in a... |
melanoma is a malignancy of pigment - producing cells ( melanocytes ) located predominantly in the skin but also found in the eyes , ears , gi tract , leptomeninges , and oral and genital mucous membranes .
the incidence of malignant melanoma appears to be increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world over the ... | the incidence of malignant melanoma appears to be increasing at an alarming rate throughout the world over the past 3040 years and continues to increase in the united states , canada , australia , asia , and europe .
the behavior of head and neck melanoma is aggressive , and it has an overall poorer prognosis than th... |
neonatal hemochromatosis ( nh ) is defined by liver disease associated with siderosis of the extrahepatic tissues 1 .
the most frequent cause of nh is a gestational alloimmune disorder called gestational alloimmune liver disease , which results from the transplacental transfer of maternal immunoglobulin g ( igg ) ant... | key clinical messagewe report the first surviving case of neonatal hemochromatosis with renal tubular dysgenesis .
renal failure was treated with peritoneal dialysis .
although hepatic failure from neonatal hemochromatosis was progressive , repeated exchange transfusions improved jaundice and coagulopathy .
the p... |
they occur in approximately 1 in 100,000 or represent 12% of all pancreatic neoplasms . some of the tumors may be part of the multiple endocrine neoplasia type one syndrome ( men-1 ) .
etps are categorized on the basis of their clinical manifestation into functioning and nonfunctioning tumors .
functioning tumors a... | we report the case of a 46-year - old female patient with wdha ( watery diarrhea / hypokalemia / achlorhydria ) syndrome caused by a pancreatic polypeptide - producing tumor in the head of the pancreas . whereas vip and other pancreatic endocrine hormones were in the normal range , only serum levels of pancreatic polyp... |
as altitude increases , the weight of air decreases , and the atmospheric pressure decreases .
low atmospheric pressure means there is more space between air molecules . as a result ,
the
number of oxygen molecules existing in the same volume of air deceases , so the amount of
oxygen intake decreases in the upl... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study is to examine the effects on respiratory function
and oxygen saturation of intermittent life in the uplands at an altitude above sea level
of approximately 850 m. [ subjects and methods ] the study subjects were on 100 female
student subjects attending a university located i... |
duplicated gb is often picked up on ultrasonography , however there are a lot of differentials .
since , 99 m tc hida follows hepatobiliary physiology , any tracer concentration in gb fossa is confirmatory for presence of gb , thus in turn increasing the specificity in picking up anatomical variants as in our case . ... | gall bladder ( gb ) duplication is a rare condition often found incidentally ; most of these detected on screening ultrasonography ( usg ) for abdominal colic .
nuclear hepatobiliary scan , popularly known as hepatobiliary iminodiacetic acid ( hida ) scan , with its biliary kinetics , is highly specific for picking u... |
amniocentesis is one of the most popular and safe methods of invasive prenatal diagnosis of chromosomal abnormalities .
it is performed in patients with high risk of having a child with birth defects [ 13 ] . in 2007 ,
the pomeranian region was the first to introduce the guidelines in everyday practice in 2008 .
... | backgroundthe aim of the study was to analyze differences in the indications for amniocentesis in patients living in urban and rural areas before and after introduction of the prenatal screening program by polish national health insurance agency in the pomeranian region in 2008.material/methodsindications for 2578 amni... |
recently , a growing body of evidence has suggested that a transient increase in insulin resistance is a component of pubertal development .
there is a phenomenon of increasing insulin resistance that begins in early puberty , peaks in the mid of puberty , and resolves by the end of puberty in normal weight children ... | a transient increase in insulin resistance ( ir ) is a component of puberty .
we investigated the impact of body composition and adipokines on ir during puberty in chinese children .
this study included 3223 schoolchildren aged 618 years .
ir was calculated using homeostasis model assessment ( homa - ir ) .
we ... |
among the acute esophageal injuries , intramural hematoma of the esophagus ( ihe ) is an uncommon clinical entity .
ihe may occur spontaneously1 or secondarily2 to either sudden intraesophageal pressure changes or direct mucosal injury / trauma .
patients usually present with a sudden onset of severe retrosternal p... | intramural hematoma of the esophagus ( ihe ) is an uncommon form of esophageal injury , which may be an intermediate of mucosal tear ( mallory - weiss syndrome ) or transmural rupture ( boerhaave 's syndrome ) . to date
, the pathogenesis of ihe has not been well documented .
ihe may occur within the submucosal lay... |
a hepatic lymphangioma is a rare benign neoplasm characterized by cystic dilatation of the lymphatic vessels in the hepatic parenchyma , and usually occurs as part of systemic lymphangiomatosis.1 a solitary hepatic lymphangioma is extremely rare in adult patients.12 the prognosis for hepatic lymphangioma is good and pa... | a hepatic lymphangioma is a rare benign neoplasm that is usually associated with systemic lymphangiomatosis .
a solitary hepatic lymphangioma is extremely rare .
therefore , we present a rare case of a female patient who underwent right hepatectomy for solitary giant hepatic lymphangioma .
a 42-year - old female ... |
numerous studies have underscored the significance of the early parenting experiences in the development of depression in adulthood .
negative experiences in childhood may make children more susceptible with respect to psychopathological development during their lifespan ( 1 - 3 ) .
mood disorders in children can b... | background : many studies have reported that inadequate parental styles can contribute to depressive symptoms through dysfunctional cognitive styles.objectives:this study aimed to investigate the association of dysfunctional schemas and parenting style with depression , as well as the role of maladaptive schemas such a... |
good 's syndrome ( gs ) was first described by dr robert good in 1954 .
good 's syndrome is a rare combination of thymoma and hypogammaglobulinemia , and features with few or absent b lymphocytes , cd4 + t cell lymphopenia , and abnormal ratio of cd4 + : cd8 + t cell .
an increased risk for infections in gs p... | abstractgood 's syndrome ( gs ) is a rare combination of thymoma and hypogammaglobulinemia , resulting in immunodeficiency .
patients with gs are highly susceptible to bacterial infection , particularly encapsulated bacterial infection in upper and lower respiratory tracts .
good 's syndrome patients with moderate ... |
an increasing body of research is based on the classification and evaluation of the rate of dna evolution in coding regions . in many cases nucleotide substitutions
are classified according to their impact on the encoded protein and the resulting classification can be used for a variety of analyses .
classification... | pal2nal is a web server that constructs a multiple codon alignment from the corresponding aligned protein sequences .
such codon alignments can be used to evaluate the type and rate of nucleotide substitutions in coding dna for a wide range of evolutionary analyses , such as the identification of levels of selective ... |
the soils and roots used in this study were collected from a mine ( 12812'50 '' e , 3704'05 '' n ) located in jecheon , korea . the mine was closed in 1981 after about 20 years of mining molybdenum and other heavy metals .
ten samples of soils and roots were randomly collected within a radius of 20 m from the mine - ... | in this study , we collected rhizosphere soils and root samples from a post - mining area and a natural forest area in jecheon , korea .
we extracted spores of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi ( amf ) from rhizospheres , and then examined the sequences of 18s rdna genes of the amf from the collected roots of plants .
w... |
hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia ( hh ) occurs because of inappropriate secretion of insulin by the pancreatic beta cells .
the congenital forms of hh ( chi ) occur because of defects in key genes involved in insulin secretion .
the commonest and most severe forms of chi are due to mutations in the abcc8 and kcnj11 ... | aims / hypothesisdominantly acting loss - of - function mutations in the abcc8/kcnj11 genes can cause mild medically responsive hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia ( hh ) . as controversy exists over whether these mutations predispose to diabetes in adulthood we investigated the prevalence of diabetes in families with domi... |
simple bone cyst or unicameral bone cyst ( ubc ) are benign cystic lesions commonly found in femur and humerus . however hand is a very rare site of occurrence .
a 7 year old right hand dominant girl presented to us with chief complaints of pain and swelling in right 4th metacarpal since 2 month .
on imaging , plai... | introduction : simple bone cyst or unicameral bone cyst ( ubc ) are benign cystic lesions commonly found in femur and humerus . however hand is a very rare site of occurrence .
treatment described for ubc of hand commonly involves curettage and bone grafting.case report : a 7 year old right hand dominant girl present... |
participants were from the health abc study , an ongoing longitudinal study that investigates changes in body composition as a common pathway by which multiple diseases contribute to disability .
participants ( n = 3,075 ; 48.4% male and 41.6% black , aged 7079 years ) were recruited in 19971998 from pittsburgh , pen... | objectiveto determine which measures impaired fasting glucose ( ifg ) , elevated hba1c , or both
best predict incident diabetes in older adults.research design and methodsfrom the health , aging , and body composition study , we selected individuals without diabetes , and we defined ifg ( 100125 mg / dl ) and elevat... |
urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract ( renal pelvis and ureter ; uut - uc ) is an infrequent genitourinary malignancy accounting for 5 % of urothelial cancers and less than 10 % of renal tumours .
analysis of epidemiological and survival patterns of uut - uc over the past 30 years in a review of a large... | purposewe conducted a pilot study to prospectively evaluate the efficacy of pet / ct with 11c - choline ( choline pet / ct ) for primary diagnosis and staging of urothelial carcinoma of the upper urinary tract ( uut - uc).methodsenrolled in this study were 16 patients ( 9 men , 7 women ; age range 51 83 years , mea... |
heparan sulfate ( glucosamine ) 3-o - sulfotransferase 4 hypoxia - inducible factor 1 subunit lung endothelial cells platelet - derived growth factor receptor telomeric repeat - binding factor 2 tumor endothelial cell vascular endothelial growth factor wilms tumor suppressor 1
inhibition of tumor angiogenesis is wi... | we recently showed that telomeric repeat - binding factor 2 ( trf2 ) regulates gene expression to promote angiogenesis .
we found that trf2 is highly expressed in tumor vessels and transcriptionally activates platelet - derived growth factor receptor to promote endothelial cell angiogenic properties independently of... |
secondary hyperparathyroidism ( shpt ) is a major complication of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) , resulting from disturbances in the regulation of parathyroid hormone ( pth ) , calcium , phosphorus , and vitamin d. although hyperphosphatemia appears to be particularly important in the development of shpt , the complic... | introduction : secondary hyperparathyroidism ( shpt ) is an insidious disease that develops early in the course of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) and increases in severity as the glomerular filtration rate deteriorates .
recent studies have identified fibroblast growth factor-23 ( fgf23 ) as a new protein with phosph... |
dermatophytes are responsible for a variety of clinical manifestations in man , trichophyton rubrum being the commonest isolate worldwide .
they are assuming greater significance both in developed and developing countries due to illnesses like diabetes , hiv infection and the use of immunosuppressive drugs .
overal... | introduction : dermatophytosis is defined as the fungal infection of the skin , hair and nails by a group of keratinophillic fungi known as dermatophytes.aims and objectives : this study is an attempt to find out various species of dermatophytes in clinically suspected cases of dermatophytosis.materials and methods : o... |
upper tract transitional cell carcinoma ( tcc ) , i.e. , tcc of the renal pelvis and ureter accounts for only 5% of all urothelial tumors and 10% of all renal tumor cases .
stage of the tumor is the single most important prognosticator for the outcome of this disease . in west , spectrum of the diseases skewed to low... | introduction : disease spectrum of upper tract transitional cell carcinoma ( tcc ) in indian patients is not known . herein , we present data on clinical presentation , pathological characteristics , and the outcome of treatment of upper tract tcc.materials and methods : clinicopathological data of patients who were di... |
male infertility is generally characterized by dysfunctions in processes of adhesion , penetration , and fusion of sperm with oocyte . during spermatogenesis
, the haploid round spermatids undergo an elongation phase , cytoplasmic droplet rejection , and eventually differentiate into mature spermatozoa .
the format... | background : infertility is a condition associated with multiple etiologies .
sperm nuclear chromatin decondensation is one of the important events that occur during fertilization .
abnormal spermatogenesis leads to improper protamine package and chromatin condensation .
the aim of the study was to analyze and un... |
it is estimated that the planet is host to 8 to 10 million species of plants and animals with approximately 1.5 million currently documented in the catalogue of life .
yet much of our current knowledge of biochemical , molecular genetic , and cellular processes relies on studies of fewer than a dozen model organisms ... | in his classic novel invisible cities , italo calvino describes a series of fantastic imagined cities that fulfill core human needs that remain unmet in ordinary cities . in light of the recent founding of a number of high - profile biomedical institutes ,
calvino 's descriptions encourage us to consider the unmet ne... |
metabolic syndrome ( mes ) is defined as a cluster of atherosclerotic risk factors , including abdominal obesity , elevated serum triglycerides , decreased hdl cholesterol , elevated blood pressure , and elevated serum plasma glucose [ 13 ] .
insulin resistance is a central feature in the pathogenesis of mes in add... | background . women with a history of gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm ) are at increased risk for metabolic syndrome ( mes ) after delivery .
we studied the prevalence of mes at one year postpartum among finnish women who in early pregnancy were at increased risk of developing gdm .
methods .
this follow - up ... |
the website of ijp was searched for publications year and issue wise for contributing authors from pharmacy institutions during 20102015 .
based on the geographical addresses , the publications were categorized as national and international and were further categorized to state wise if national , and country wise if ... | objective : publications in indian journal of pharmacology ( ijp ) are the face of contemporary pharmacology practices followed in health - care profession - a knowledge - based profession .
it depicts trends in terms of quantity ( proportions ) , quality , type ( preclinical / clinical ) , thrust areas , etc .
, o... |
it has been argued that the degree of asymmetry in bilateral features is one of the fundamental factors underlying human attractiveness .
one such study was done by goel et al . to detect the asymmetries and their correlation with malocclusions in karnataka population .
they concluded that there was decrease in mag... | aims and objective : the human face is the most prominent aspect in human social interactions , and therefore , it seems reasonable opting for orthodontic treatment is to overcome psychosocial difficulties relating to facial and dental appearance and enhance the quality of life in doing so.materials and methods : poste... |
regarding increased rates of premature and low birth weight newborns as well as associated
factors with high risk pregnancies , the number of infants who require admission to neonatal
intensive - care units ( nicu ) is growing .
along with the increasing complexity of technology and the development of the nicu wa... | introduction : clinical competence of nurses working in the
neonatal intensive care units together with advancements in medical science and technology
increased the survival rate of newborns that need specialized care . to ensure the quality
of care and provide
the safety of patients , evaluating the clinical c... |
the motor vehicle accidents are one of the major reasons for cervical spine injuries ( especially upper cervical spine ) in 0 - 9 age group , whereas sports injuries are one of the major reasons for cervical spine injuries ( especially lower cervical spine ) over the age of 10 .
some factors such as larger head , und... | most of the cervical spine injuries in the pediatric population are typically seen in the upper cervical region .
unilateral cervical facet dislocation ( ufd ) in subaxial region is a rare injury in pediatric population . in this paper ,
a rare case of delayed locked ufd in a 9-year - old boy with rare injury mecha... |
however , limitations and complications from using autografts include a limited quantity and chronic donor site pain [ 1 , 2 ] .
this has led to the need for an ideal bone graft substitute . an ideal substitute must have enhanced capabilities to reduce or eliminate the need for an autograft altogether and are necessa... | cell differentiation on glutaraldehyde cross - linked ovalbumin scaffolds was the main focus of this research .
salt leaching and freeze drying were used to create a three - dimensional porous structure .
average pore size was 147.84 40.36 m and 111.79 30.71 m for surface and cross sectional area , respectively... |
the hypothalamus is often times a target for newer potential obesity treatments due to its crucial role in food intake and metabolism .
it is also established that food intake modulation is confounded by numerous players within the hypothalamus , allowing for the research and development of a diverse array of obesity... | recently , we serendipitously discovered that mice with the deficiency of the enzyme prolylcarboxypeptidase ( prcp ) have elevated -melanocyte - stimulating hormone ( -msh ) levels which lead to decreased food intake and weight loss .
this suggests that prcp is an endogenous inactivator of -msh and an appetite stimul... |
diabetes mellitus is recognized as a group of heterogeneous disorders , with common elements of hyperglycemia and glucose intolerance due to insulin deficiency , impaired effectiveness of insulin action , or both .
the prevalence of type 2 diabetes increases with age , is increasing worldwide , and its economic impac... | backgroundsuboptimal glycemic control is a common situation in diabetes , regardless of the wide range of drugs available to reach glycemic targets .
basic research in diabetes is endeavoring to identify new actives working as insulin savers , use of which could delay the introduction of injectable insulin or reduce ... |
cochlear implant ( ci ) surgery has become a widespread procedure with clearly increasing numbers around the world to treat deaf and profoundly hearing impaired patients of different age .
histological studies of human cochleae have evidenced different levels of intracochlear trauma induced by the insertion of differ... | the exchange of an cochlear implant or the re - positioning of an electrode have become more frequently required than a decade ago .
the consequences of such procedures at a microstructural level within the cochlea are not known .
it was the aim of the present study to further investigate the effects of an ci elect... |
cerebral palsy ( cp ) is the most common cause of upper motor neuron lesions in children , causing spasticity and muscle tendon contractures , leading to bony deformation , weakness , and loss of selective motor control .
kerr graham classified sagittal gait patterns in spastic diplegia by providing a management algo... | backgroundcrouch gait is a major sagittal plane deviation in children diagnosed with cerebral palsy ( cp ) .
it is defined as a combination of excessive ankle dorsiflexion and knee and hip flexion throughout the stance phase . to the best of our knowledge ,
functional electrical stimulation ( fes ) has not been use... |
polyprenylated acylphloroglucinol
( ppap ) natural products including
nemorosone , clusianone , and hyperforin are structurally complex molecules
having promising chemotherapeutic properties ( figure 1 ) .
ppaps
are highly regarded for their biological activities which include anticancer , antiviral , and
a... | polyprenylated
acylphloroglucinols ( ppaps ) are structurally complex
natural products with promising biological activities .
herein , we
present a biosynthesis - inspired , diversity - oriented synthesis approach
for rapid construction of ppap analogs via double decarboxylative
allylation ( dca ) of acylph... |
the most important role of vascular endothelium is the control of vascular tone by producing contracting and relaxing agents.1 nitric oxide is one of these factors which are released after the stimulation of endothelial cells by shear stress and some hormones like acetylcholine and cerotonin.2 risk factors such as oxid... | background : in this study , we used a new computerized analytical method for the measurement of the endothelial function in sequential ultrasound images and compared it with histological studies , using the abdominal aorta in normal and atherosclerotic rabbits.methods:six rabbits received a standard rabbit chow as the... |
non - melanoma skin cancer ( nmsc ) is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer .
over 2 million patients are treated for these cancers each year in the usa alone , resulting in nearly $ 1.5 billion total direct costs annually .
unlike many other types of cancer , the rates of nmsc continue to rise , indicating t... | vascular endothelial growth factor ( vegf ) is known to play a critical role in the development of non - melanoma skin cancers .
vegf is a potent pro - angiogenic factor and it is elevated in mouse and human skin tumors . the use of transgenic and knockout mice has shown that vegf is essential for tumor development i... |
this retrospective study included 964 eyes from 500 subjects including 128 healthy normal eyes and 836 eyes with primary open angle glaucoma had various stages of visual field defects ( 572 early , 164 moderate and 100 severe ) .
both eyes of each patient were included in the study if they satisfied the entry criteri... | purposeto evaluate retinal nerve fiber layer ( rnfl ) defect by a new scoring system for rnfl photography using the heidelberg retina angiograph 1 ( hra1).methodsthis retrospective study included 128 healthy eyes and 836 primary open - angle glaucoma eyes .
the rnfl photography using hra1 was interpreted using a new ... |
b cells are central components of adaptive immunity , responding to pathogens by proliferation , differentiation and production of antibodies .
b cells also function in presentation of antigen to t cells and secretion of regulatory cytokines and chemokines . like t cells ,
they express highly variable and clonally ... | b lymphocytes and their differentiated daughters are charged with responding to the myriad pathogens in our environment and production of protective antibodies .
a sample of the protective antibody produced by each clone is utilized as a component of the cell s antigen receptor ( bcr ) .
transmembrane signals gener... |
triathlon is a challenging individual sport that involves the disciplines of cycling ,
swimming , and running ; these disciplines are combined in a continuous manner through two
transitions1 .
the ability to sustain
high metabolic power for long periods is very important for athletes competing in
triathlons .... | [ purpose ] the aim of this study was to compare the body composition , heart
rate variability , and aerobic and anaerobic performance between competitive cyclists and
triathletes . [ subjects ] six cyclists and eight triathletes with experience in competitions
voluntarily participated in this study .
[ methods... |
assessment measures currently used by clinicians to aid in determining if a person is safe are typically validated for outcomes that do not include safety .
safety , or the ability to live without unintentional harm or injury , is clinically important in geriatric rehabilitation because of the risk of self - neglect ... | objectives . defining and validating
a measure of safety contributes to further validation of clinical measures . the objective was to define and examine the psychometric properties of the outcome
incidents of harm . methods .
the incident of harm caregiver questionnaire was administered to caregivers of older a... |
since mccully1 first reported the relationship between homocysteine and atherosclerosis , hyperhomocysteinemia ( hhcy ) has come to be recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease.2 further , some studies have demonstrated that hhcy might be involved in the pathophysiology of many neuro... | hyperhomocysteinemia ( hhcy ) has been recognized as an independent risk factor for atherosclerotic vascular disease . here
we report a patient who suffered from spinal cord demyelination combined with hhcy .
the patient was admitted to our hospital with a diagnosis of acute myelitis . however , hormone therapy was... |
a total of 109 i. ricinus specimens were collected in northern and central italy ( figure 1 ) , identified by using standard taxonomic keys , and stored at 20c .
specifically , 89 ticks ( 70 adults and 19 nymphs ) were collected by dragging vegetation in different parts of trentino province in april
october 1997 an... | ixodes ricinus from italy were examined for the first time to detect whether rickettsiae were present . using molecular methods
, we detected three different spotted fever group rickettsiae , including rickettsia helvetica .
our results raise the possibility that bacteria other than r. conorii are involved in ricke... |
er stress due to an accumulation of unfolded or misfolded proteins activates the unfolded protein response ( upr ) signaling pathway in eukaryotic cells and has been shown to be involved in c. albicans morphogenesis .
upr signaling activates a variety of downstream transcripts , including the bzip transcription facto... | candida dubliniensis , an emerging fungal pathogen , is the closest known species to the established pathogenic species candida albicans .
despite the fact that these two species share > 80% genome sequence identity , they exhibit distinct properties such as less hyphal growth , reduced pathogenicity and increased ... |
squamous cell carcinomas of the head and neck region are a unique challenge to the radiation oncologist because of the close relationship of various structures in the region that are responsible for maintaining the aero - digestive functions of the body along with the inherently complex topography .
brachytherapy can... | in poland , the classical ldr brachytherapy for head and neck carcinomas with ir-192 wires or hairpins has completely disappeared some time ago after 30 years of successful clinical use .
can this technique be fully and safely replaced by hdr or pdr application ?
this option seems attractive because of new possibil... |
infection with hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) remains a frequent etiology of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma with estimated 360 million individuals with chronic infection worldwide .
although vaccination will ultimately reduce the disease burden due to hbv , antiviral therapy can favorably alter its natural history... | introduction .
the aim of this study was to assess whether hepatitis b virus drug resistant mutations antedated the widespread use of nucleos(t)ide analogues in treatment nave patients .
a number of reports have suggested that drug resistant mutants can be detected in apparently treatment nave patients . study .
... |
approximately 55 000 new cases are diagnosed with non - hodgkin 's lymphomas ( nhls ) in the united states . despite current therapeutic strategies including chemotherapy , transplantation , and passive immunotherapy with monoclonal antibodies ,
the recent years have witnessed the development of a variety of promisi... | therapeutic vaccination against idiotype is a promising strategy for immunotherapy of b - cell malignancies .
we have previously shown that cdr3-based dna immunization can induce immune response against lymphoma and explored this strategy to provide protection in a murine b - cell lymphoma model .
here we performed... |
glaucoma is a chronic , progressive , optic neuropathy requiring the long - term use of antiglaucoma eye drops .
these medications containing preservatives may induce ocular damage , such as squamous metaplasia , subconjunctival fibrosis , and a decrease in goblet cells .
a correlation has been found between preser... | purpose .
the study was aimed at comparing the long - term effects of different antiglaucoma eye drops on conjunctival structures using laser scanning confocal microscopy .
methods .
eighty patients diagnosed with primary open - angle glaucoma and twenty healthy volunteers were included in this study .
the part... |
currently , 1,457 residential care facilities across south korea provide rehabilitation
counseling , treatment , and training to disabled individuals as they prepare to reenter
society ( disability act , section 48 ) .
the number of individuals enrolled in these long - term
care facilities is estimated to be 80... | the purpose of this study was to confirm the critical importance of active obesity
management through a fitness program , and to provide foundational data required for
effective obesity management of disabled persons residing in residential carse facilities .
[ subjects and methods ] the study period lasted 16 we... |
it is generally recommended to perform surgical treatment in lumbar disc herniation ( ldh ) for patients who suffer from cauda equina syndrome or intractable radicular pain , with or without neurological sensory / motor deficit21 ) .
however , in numerous non - fatal cases , conservative treatment such as a nerve blo... | objectiveto assess the clinical and radiological factors as predictors for successful outcomes in lumbar disc herniation ( ldh ) treatment.methodstwo groups of patients with single level ldh ( l45 ) requiring treatment were retrospectively studied .
the surgery group ( sg ) included 34 patients , and 30 patients who ... |
chylopericardium is a rare clinical entity that is characterized by the presence of chyle in the pericardial cavity .
its association with lymphangiomas , cystic hygromas , thoracic and cardiac surgery , trauma , radiation and malignancy is well reported [ 2 , 3 ] .
however , primary chylopericardium , in which the... | chylopericardium is a recognized complication of thoracic trauma , surgery or malignancy .
idiopathic or primary presentations , however , are rarely encountered in clinical practice .
the severity of its presentation varies from the complete absence of symptoms to cardiac tamponade .
we present the case of a 23-... |
quackery is rampant among many parts of india.many types of skin diseases and eruption can occur due to practices employed by quacks .
many types of skin diseases and eruption can occur due to practices employed by quacks .
various religious beliefs , socio - cultural and religious practices , and quackery to treat... | a wide prevalence of socio - religious , cultural , and tribal practices in india often leads to a multitude of skin conditions , which can misled the dermatologists in arriving at a diagnosis . with increasing globalization and migration , the practice of indigenous customs and traditions are crossing boundaries , mak... |
in prosthodontic practice , limited mouth opening in patients is a common occurrence . prosthetic rehabilitation of patient with restricted mouth opening due to any causative factors , presents difficulties at all stages , right from the preliminary impressions to the insertion of prosthesis . a maximal oral opening sm... | restricted mouth opening is a definite prosthodontic hindrance to carry out treatment successfully .
restricted mouth opening can be due to many reasons such as microstomia , oral submucous fibrosis , some genetic disorder , and as a result of some surgical treatment . in the past ,
various techniques for prostheti... |
breast cancer has been one of the most common cancers among women in the united states .
the estimates for 2012 are 226,870 new cases of breast cancer and 39,510 deaths due to breast cancer in women in the united states .
in addition to the incidence and death in women , 2190 new cases of breast cancer incidence an... | auraptene is being investigated for its chemopreventive effects in many models of cancer including skin , colon , prostate , and breast .
many mechanisms of action including anti - inflammatory , antiproliferative , and antiapoptotic effects are being suggested for the chemopreventive properties of auraptene .
we h... |
ischemic stroke is the third leading cause of death and the first leading cause of disability in adults around the globe .
stroke is accompanied by a robust inflammatory response , glutamate mediated excitotoxicity , release of reactive oxygen species and the initiation of apoptosis(1 ) .
malignant middle cerebral ... | objective(s ) : hypothermia and decompressive craniectomy ( dc ) have been shown to be neuroprotective .
this study was designed to evaluate neuroprotective effects of delayed singular or combination of dc and local hypothermia on stroke .
materials and methods : cerebral ischemia was induced in 48 wistar rats assi... |
the co - existence of an aberration in a different chromosome of a klinefelter 's syndrome is rare . still rare
several cases of double aneuploidy of xxy and trisomy 21 have been published since the first report . but occurrence of xxy aneuploidy and 9 chromosome inversion with co - existing schizophrenia has not bee... | klinefelter 's syndrome is a sex chromosome abnormality with low androgen level .
the varied manifestations of the mental symptoms in some of them , that are inexplicable based on their genotype alone , has fascinated the researchers .
we present here a case of klinefelter 's syndrome having a karyotype of mos 47 ,... |
mandibular osteoradionecrosis ( orn ) is a potentially debilitating complication from ionizing radiotherapy , whose incidence is reported to range between 5% and 15% .
orn is most commonly defined as an exposed , irradiated , nonhealing defect of the mandible with symptoms lasting at least 2 to 3 months , without any... | the use of a myomucosal flap from the buccinator muscle is a valuable reconstruction method for intraoral defects . in this paper , we report the clinical advantages of using a buccinator myomucosal flap for the treatment of partial mandibular defects caused by osteoradionecrosis .
we implemented a buccinator myomuco... |
a retrospective study was made of 7,567 patients admitted to a tertiary hospital for chest pain from 2005 to 2014 and underwent cardiac catheterization .
patients were divided into two groups : obese and normal with bmi calculated as 30 kg / m and < 25 , respectively .
we assessed the modifiable and non - modifiabl... | objectivein this study , we evaluated obesity as a single risk factor for coronary artery disease ( cad ) , along with the synergistic effect of obesity and other risk factors.methodsa retrospective study of 7,567 patients admitted to hospital for chest pain from 2005 to 2014 and underwent cardiac catheterization
. p... |
the study was carried on 12-week old male , wistar albino rats weighing 150 - 200 g. the animals were housed in a group of six animals per cage and maintained at 20 - 30c and 50 - 55% humidity in a natural light and dark cycle , with free access to food and water and kept under standard conditions in an animal house fa... | introduction : methanol ingestion is an uncommon form of poisoning that can cause severe metabolic disturbances , blindness , permanent neurologic dysfunction and death . while methanol itself may be harmless , it converts , in vivo , to highly toxic formic acid .
methanol intoxication clinically manifests as ocular ... |
type 1 diabetes ( t1d ) is an organ - specific autoimmune disease that is characterized by infiltration of lymphocytes into the pancreatic islets and pancreas - specific autoantibodies in the serum ( 1 ) . a variety of genetically predisposed factors and contributing factors
some evidence has suggested that the susce... | we studied the association of cytotoxic t lymphocyte antigen-4 gene ( ctla4 ) polymorphisms with the development of type 1 diabetes ( t1d ) in korean children and adolescents .
a total of 176 korean subjects ( 92 females and 84 males ) with childhood - onset t1d were studied .
the a / g polymorphism at position 49 ... |
of fundamental interest
to biology is the extent to which electrostatic
interactions enhance the rate of protein protein association .
an essential baseline for determining the magnitude of these rate
enhancements is the basal
kon , which is the rate constant for association in
the absence of electrostati... | an essential baseline for determining
the extent to which electrostatic
interactions enhance the kinetics of protein protein association
is the basal kon , which is the rate constant for association in the absence
of electrostatic interactions .
however , since such association events
are beyond the mill... |
technological progress has made it possible for additive manufacturing technologies to be applied successfully in the medical sciences .
one of these techniques is selective laser melting ( slm ) , which consists of producing irregular shape devices by fusing titanium alloy powder , such as ti6al7nb .
although the ... | background and aimbone defect reconstruction in the maxillofacial area comes as a necessity after traumatic , oncological or congenital pathology .
custom made implant manufacturing , such as selective laser melting ( slm ) , is very helpful when bone reconstruction is needed . in the present study we assessed the os... |
hepatitis c patients have fourfold higher incidence of insulin resistance ( ir ) than non - hcv population , that is , healthy controls or chronic hepatitis b patients .
ir is the major feature of the metabolic syndrome ( diabetes type 2 , obesity , hypertension , and cardiovascular disorders ) .
hcv - associated i... | chronic hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection is associated with 50% incidence of insulin resistance ( ir ) that is fourfold higher than that in non - hcv population .
ir impairs the outcome of antiviral treatment
. the molecular mechanisms of ir in hcv are not entirely clear . experimental and clinical data suggeste... |
recently
discovered two - dimensional ( 2d ) materials such as graphene ,
fluorographene , graphene oxide , transition metal dichalcogenides ,
hexagonal boron nitride , and phosphorene all have very high surface / mass
ratios , and many of their potential practical applications rely on
their large surface are... | understanding
strength and nature of noncovalent binding to surfaces
imposes significant challenge both for computations and experiments .
we explored the adsorption of five small nonpolar organic molecules
( acetone , acetonitrile , dichloromethane , ethanol , ethyl acetate ) to
fluorographene and fluorograp... |
camptothecin ( scheme 1 ) , 4-ethyl-4-hydroxy-(s)-1-h - pyrano [ 3,4:6,7 ] indolizino [ 1,26 ] quinolino-3,14 ( 4h,12h)-dione , the active compound of camptotheca acuminate , is a well - known antitumor drug for gastric cancer , breast cancer and lung cancer .
its primary cellular target is topoisomerase i , and th... | camptothecin , an anticancer component from camptotheca acuminate , may interact with human serum albumin ( hsa ) at the subdomain iia ( site i ) , and then convert to its inactive form(carboxylate form ) . in this paper , the detailed electrochemical behaviors of camptothecin at a pyrolytic graphite electrode is prese... |
as our society has become an aging society , improving the quality of life has become one of
the major interests in it . impaired balance and gait abilities due to aging and diseases
therefore , it is clear that
balance problems can directly affect the quality of our lives .
the physical activities of
the eld... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to examine the acute effects of five minutes of
plantar flexor static stretching ( pss ) on the balance and gait of the elderly .
[ subjects
and methods ] twenty - five subjects aged 65 years and above performed 5 min of pss in the
form of wedge board standing .
the... |
most of the cells in multicellular organisms are surrounded by a complex mixture of nonliving materials that make up the extracellular matrix ( ecm ) .
the ecm of vertebrates is composed of complex mixtures of proteins ( collagens , laminins , fibronectin , etc . ) and proteoglycans ( chondroitin sulfate , keratan su... | integrins are major mediators of cancer cell adhesion to extracellular matrix . through this interaction , integrins play critical roles in cell migration , invasion , metastasis , and resistance to apoptosis during tumor progression .
recent studies highlight the importance of integrin trafficking , endocytosis and ... |
a 39-year - old woman with renal failure secondary to a congenital kidney malformation had been on renal haemodialysis treatment 3 days every week for the previous 17 years .
she presented to the emergency eye clinic with a sudden onset bilateral reduction of vision occurring soon after waking in the morning .
one ... | hypotension is a commonly encountered complication in haemodialysis patients and is a significant cause of morbidity and mortality . bilateral visual loss in dialysis induced hypotension remains poorly recognized as a complication by both renal physicians and ophthalmologists .
we report 2 cases of patients on renal ... |
periodontitis is an inflammatory disease that causes pathological alterations in the tooth supporting tissues , leading to loss of periodontal structures and tooth loss gradually in later stages .
thus , periodontal disease points to the need form or effective and efficient management of this condition , in an attemp... | aim : the aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of 1% curcumin ( cu ) solution and compare it with conventional irrigant i.e. , 0.2% chlorhexidine ( chx ) gluconate and a positive control ( saline ) as an adjunct to thorough scaling and root planing.materials and methods : a total of 23 patients with non - adja... |
a 68-year - old male presented with grade 4 nuclear cataract with visual acuity of 20/200 in the left eye .
he had best corrected visual acuity of 20/200 in the right eye and examination of that eye revealed normal pseudophakia with age - related macular degeneration .
stretch pupilloplasty was done for rigid pupil... | we report the case of a 68-year - old male who developed descemet 's membrane detachment after temporal clear corneal phacoemulsification which did not settle with air or viscoelastic injection .
the descemet 's membrane was successfully reattached with restoration of 20/50 vision with the help of perfluro - n - octa... |
depression is a common mental health problem among people with visual impairment ( burmedi , becker , heyl , wahl , &
himmelsbach , 2002 ) .
a study in britain showed that people with visual impairment
had a higher prevalence of depression compared with people with good vision , because people
with visual impai... | depression is a common mental health problem in older adults , especially among those
suffering from visual impairment . a clinical case of an indonesian older adult with
retinal detachment ( 75% blindness ) suffering from major depressive disorder , based on
diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders ... |
the etiology of endodontic failure is multifaceted , but a significant percentage of failures are related to the lack of knowledge of pulp cavity anatomy and failure to negotiate and obturate the canal in its entirety .
the rate of failures after endodontic treatment as apical percolation because of incompletely obtu... | aberrations in the root canal system can pose a considerable challenge to the endodontist during root canal treatment .
these anatomical variations are more commonly seen in maxillary molars and mandibular teeth , but only a few cases have been reported with alteration in the internal canal anatomy of maxillary canin... |
any comprehensive hypothesis concerning the pathogenesis of systemic sclerosis ( ssc , scleroderma ) must account for the varying contributions of vascular damage , extravascular tissue fibrosis , and inflammation . while certain clinical features of ssc are overt expressions of vascular injury ( renal crisis , pulmona... | sexual dysfunction is common in systemic sclerosis ( ssc ) .
male erectile dysfunction ( med ) has been reported in around 80% of subjects and more than half of female patients fulfill criteria for diagnosis as female sexual arousal disorder ( fsad ) . while some evidence supports a role for cavernosal fibrosis , abu... |
advanced surface ablation ( asa ) and photorefractive keratectomy ( prk ) and its variations are currently common procedures to correct some refractive errors safely and effectively.1 postoperative pain management is one of the drawbacks of these procedures , which remains an unresolved issue.2,3 current studies , focu... | purposelaser vision correction is one of the most commonly performed elective surgical procedures in ophthalmology . generally , discomfort besides pain ( photophobia , burning sensation , tearing , and foreign body sensation ) after these procedures is not taken into consideration in the clinical practice .
the obje... |
since 2007 , genome - wide association studies ( gwass ) have emerged as a powerful tool to identify disease - related genes for many common human disorders and other phenotypes .
the national human genome research institute ( nhgri ) and the centers for disease control and prevention ( cdc ) both maintain online r... | despite large public investments in genome - wide association studies of common human diseases , so far , few gene discoveries have led to applications for clinical medicine or public health .
genome - wide association studies in the context of clinical trials of drug safety and efficacy may be quicker to yield clini... |
how ring e3 ligases mediate e2-to - substrate ubiquitin - like protein ( ubl ) transfer remains unknown .
here we address how the ring e3 rbx1 positions nedd8 s e2 ( ubc12 ) and substrate ( cul1 ) .
we find that existing structures are incompatible with cul1 nedd8ylation and report a new conformation of rbx1 that p... | |
clinically , primary glaucoma presents two major subtypes : primary open - angle glaucoma ( poag ) and primary angle closure glaucoma ( pacg ) .
the classification relies mainly on the anterior segment anatomy , particularly that of the anterior chamber angle .
pacg is characterized by obstruction of aqueous fluid ... | genome - wide association study ( gwas ) analysis identified three new susceptibility loci for pacg . in this study , we aimed to investigate whether these three loci in plekha7 , col11a1 , and pcmtd1-st18 are associated with pac and ocular biometric characteristics , such as axial length ( al ) , anterior chamber dept... |
squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) is amongst the top 3 common skin cancers , ranking behind basal cell carcinoma ( bcc ) and ahead of melanoma .
it is a tumor that is locally invasive and which has the capacity to metastasize .
prognostically , it also occupies an intermediate position between bcc and melanoma , with... | squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) is a common and important primary cutaneous malignancy . on skin biopsies ,
scc is characterized by significant squamous cell atypia , abnormal keratinization , and invasive features .
diagnostic challenges may occasionally arise , especially in the setting of small punch biopsies or... |
melioidosis , though endemic in the southeast asian regions , such as thailand , singapore malaysia and australia , was also reported from africa , north and south america , pacific and caribbean islands , middle east and europe . in india , it is more prevalent in the south ; though also reported from other parts .
... | melioidosis is endemic in the south asian regions , like thailand , singapore malaysia and australia .
the disease is more pronounced in the southern part of the country .
it is caused by burkholderia pseudomallei which causes systemic involvement , morbidity and mortality associated with the disease is high . due ... |
multislice computed tomography with high spatial resolution plays an important role in the imaging delineation of temporal bone . with the advance of computed tomography ( ct ) technology , a sharp increase in ct scan use has been observed in recent years .
consequently , there is a growing concern regarding the pote... | abstractthe purpose of this study was to determine the performance of low - dose computed tomography ( ct ) scanning with integrated circuit ( ic ) detector in defining fine structures of temporal bone in children by comparing with the conventional detector.the study was performed with the approval of our institutional... |
on may 2 , 2003 , a 47-year - old - woman , who lived in northwestern slovenia , was admitted to the department of infectious diseases , university medical centre ljubljana , slovenia , with a 7-day history of fever < 40.0c , severe headache , nausea , dry cough , malaise , intense myalgia , and arthralgia .
the last... | we report a patient with febrile illness and epidemiologic and clinical findings consistent with human granulocytic ehrlichiosis and tickborne encephalitis , in whom infection with anaplasma phagocytophilum was demonstrated by polymerase chain reaction and seroconversion .
tickborne encephalitis virus infection was e... |
progressive supranuclear palsy ( psp ) is the second most common cause of parkinsonism [ 1 , 2 ] .
common symptoms of psp include parkinsonism with progressive vertical gaze palsy , postural instability with falls , akinesia , and cognitive impairment [ 3 , 4 ] .
further , psp causes neuronal degeneration in the br... | background / aimsthe aim of this study was to compare differences in morphological and functional changes in brain regions in individual patients with progressive supranuclear palsy ( psp ) and correlate their mini - mental state examination ( mmse ) score with anatomy and function using magnetic resonance imaging ( mr... |
inguinal hernia is the protrusion of abdominal organs into the inguinal canal through the natural or acquired defect of the abdominal wall .
operation of inguinal hernia represent the most frequent surgical intervention in the domain of general surgery with about twenty million procedures performed a year worldwide .... | abstractthe aim : of this study was to compare two methods of polypropylene mesh fixation for inguinal hernia repair according to lichtenstein using fibrin glue and suture fixation.material and methods : the study included 60 patients with unilateral inguinal hernia , divided into two groups of 30 patients suture fixa... |
many different genetic mechanisms of sex determination have been discovered in nature and studied deeply , using molecular - genetic tools ( reviewed in cline and meyer 1996 ; marin and baker 1998 ; zarkower 2001 ; williams and carroll 2009 ; charlesworth and mank 2010 ; gamble and zarkower 2012 ; hughes and rozen 2012... | in this commentary , michelle arbeitman et al . ,
examine the topic of the genetics of sex as explored in this month 's issues of genetics and g3 : genes |genomes |genetics .
these inaugural articles are part of a joint genetics of sex collection ( ongoing ) in the gsa journals . |
cystic fibrosis ( cf ) is an inherited disease resulting in the formation of thick , sticky mucus in the lungs and digestive pathways .
pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common bacterial isolate that persists in cf lungs by evading host defenses and clearance mechanisms , contributing to declining lung function [ 1 ... | pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most common pathogen that persists in the cystic fibrosis lungs .
bacteria such as p. aeruginosa secrete siderophores ( iron - chelating molecules ) and the host limits bacterial growth by producing neutrophil - gelatinase - associated lipocalin ( ngal ) that specifically scavenges bacte... |
adrenocortical carcinoma ( acc ) is a rare malignant tumour of the adrenal cortex with an approximate incidence of 1 to 2 cases per million adults annually [ 1 , 2 ] .
most of these tumours are functional , presenting clinically with cushing 's syndrome and/or signs of virilization .
it is extremely rare for an adr... | adrenocortical carcinoma ( acc ) is a malignant tumour arising from the adrenal cortex , whereas pheochromocytoma is a tumour of the adrenal medulla with occasional presence at extra - adrenal sites .
most of the adrenocortical tumours present clinically with cushing 's syndrome and signs of virilization due to over ... |
thyroid dysfunction is coupled to adverse outcomes in both the mother and the fetus and is particularly associated with the cognitive and neurological development of the fetus [ 1 , 2 ] . women are more susceptible to developing thyroid disease later in life if they exhibit thyroid dysfunction or test positive for anti... | objective .
the guidelines of the american thyroid association ( ata ) recommend an upper limit reference interval ( ri ) of thyroid stimulating hormone ( tsh ) of 2.5
miu / l in the first trimester of pregnancy and 3.0 miu / l in subsequent trimesters , but some reported ranges in china are significantly higher .... |
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