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it is frequently used alone or in combination with statins to treat diabetic dyslipidemia and hypertriglyceridemia .
statins are also associated with rhabdomyolysis , and perhaps this raises concerns about possible adverse drug interactions .
rhabdomyolysis is a clinical and biochemical syndrome that results from s... | rhabdomyolysis associated with fenofibrate monotherapy is extremely rare . here , we report a rare case of rhabdomyolysis of the psoas muscle in an 82-year - old man with chronic myelogenous leukemia ( cml ) . he was prescribed fenofibrate because of a hypertriglyceridemia .
the patient reported generalized muscle pa... |
central retinal artery occlusion ( crao ) induced by emboli from carotid artery atherosclerosis , the most common cause of crao , is diagnosed based on sudden visual loss and characteristic fundus findings including narrowing of the retinal arteries and macular whitening around the fovea that is typically seen as a che... | a 56-year - old man was referred to our hospital about 48 h after sudden onset of painless central visual loss in his right eye ( od ) on a winter morning .
he had a more than 25-year history of systemic hypertension and smoking .
funduscopic observation showed striated retinal whitening in the macular region , fai... |
coronary embolism as a cause of myocardial infarction is an uncommon finding.1 ) coronary embolism should be suspected in the context of a valvular prosthesis , dilated cardiomyopathy , rheumatic valvular disease , intracardiac shunts , infective endocarditis , chronic atrial fibrillation and hypercoaguable states incl... | coronary embolism is an uncommon cause of myocardial infarction .
a 48-year - old male presented with typical chest pain of an mi .
there was no definite st segment change on electrocardiogram ( ecg ) and no elevation of myocardial enzymes .
coronary angiography ( cag ) revealed occlusion of the distal left anter... |
halogen bonds have attracted increased
interest in molecular design
recently , offering alternatives to classical polar
interactions such as hydrogen bonds .
r ,
where x is chlorine , bromine or iodine acting as a lewis acid and
y can be any kind of lewis base . because of a deficiency in electron
density... | the destabilizing p53 cancer mutation y220c creates a
druggable
surface crevice .
we developed a strategy exploiting halogen bonding
for lead discovery to stabilize the mutant with small molecules .
we
designed halogen - enriched fragment libraries ( heflibs ) as starting
points to complement classical ap... |
colorectal cancer is the third most common noncutaneous malignancy , and accounts for the second most frequent cause in cancer - related deaths .
oncologists have been aware that , compared with colon tumor , the diagnosis , staging and , treatment for rectal cancer have significant difference .
fortunately , local... | abstractthe aim of this study was to investigate the role of uric acid ( ua ) in assessing rectal cancer metastasis.there were 475 newly diagnosed patients with complete data in our study , a total of 475 cases were reviewed , and divided into patients with metastasis and without metastasis.there were several statistic... |
several therapeutic strategies exist for the treatment of osteochondral lesions ( ocls ) of the talus [ 22 , 37 ] .
non - operative treatment consists of cast immobilization and non - weightbearing or weightbearing as tolerated along with a rehabilitation programme [ 13 , 26 ] . recently ,
platelet - rich plasma... | purposethe purpose of this retrospective study was to assess the treatment of post - traumatic osteochondral lesions ( ocls ) of the ankle with a four - step protocol.methodsthirty-eight patients with at least one mri - documented ocl of the ankle were treated from 2004 to 2010 .
median age at surgery was 39 years (... |
the field of gene expression analsysis has evolved dramatically in recent years . with a basis in microarray technology and the ongoing transition into next - generation sequencing technologies ,
the microarray technology provides a way of obtaining huge quantities of genome and transcriptome data ; it has developed ... | background .
several technologies , such as in - depth sequencing and microarrays , enable large - scale interrogation of genomes and transcriptomes . in this study , we asses reproducibility and throughput by moving all laboratory procedures to a robotic workstation , capable of handling superparamagnetic beads .
... |
in the rapidly changing lifestyles of our present times , the use of synthetic chemicals , chemotherapeutic agents , and carcinogenic substances , as well as the widespread environmental pollutants , have negatively impacted human and other living organisms at the cellular and genetic levels .
this is all the more da... | objectivethis study was carried out to investigate the ability of propolis to ameliorate the adverse cytogenetic effects of dacarbazine on bone marrow cellsmethodsin this experimental in vivo study , 18 mice were used , divided into four groups : control group ; propolis - treated group ( treated with 50mg / kg propoli... |
genital c. trachomatis infections have emerged as the most prevalent sexually transmitted diseases of bacterial origin . in women ,
the infection usually manifests as urethritis , cervicitis , salpingitis , and endometritis though a large proportion of the women remain asymptomatic .
if untreated , complications an... | presence of chlamydia trachomatis in endocervix was determined in 2466 women attending a tertiary care hospital in new delhi , india over a period of 16 years , using a monoclonal - based direct immunofluorescence assay , tissue culture isolation , and a conventional pcr assay .
chlamydia antigen could be det... |
magnesium ( mg ) is one of the most common cations in the intracellular fluid space that inhibits calcium entry into cell via blockade of n - methyl - d - aspartate ( nmda ) receptor .
the previous studies have been demonstrated that mg sulfate had effective role in eclampsia , and intravenous administration of mg su... | background : muscle relaxant agents usually use to facilitate tracheal intubation ; however , sometimes limitations exist .
magnesium ( mg ) sulfate is a candidate for muscle relaxant substitute .
this study was designed to determine the effect of mg sulfate accompanied with propofol and fentanyl in patients underg... |
vascular endothelial cells ( ecs ) constitute the inner lining ( endothelium ) of blood vessels that form an interface between the blood and the vessel wall .
blood vessels alter their morphology and function in response to changes in blood flow , and their responses are based on blood flow detection by the vascular ... | vascular endothelial cells ( ecs ) form the inner lining of blood vessels .
they are critically involved in many physiological functions , including control of vasomotor tone , blood cell trafficking , hemostatic balance , permeability , proliferation , survival , and immunity .
it is considered that impairment of ... |
the principal drive underlying many in situ high - pressure studies is the need to understand the materials that make up the earth under conditions in which they are stable , typically above 2 gpa .
however , many important phenomena in technologically relevant materials occur at more moderate pressures and , as suc... | the use of a polymeric ( torlon or polyamide imide ) gasket material in a paris edinburgh pressure cell for in situ high - pressure x - ray scattering measurements is demonstrated .
the quality of the data obtained in this way is suitable for bragg and pair distribution function analysis . |
guide catheter induced dissection of coronary arteries is an uncommon but serious complication of coronary angioplasty ( 1 ) .
treatment can include emergent coronary artery bypass grafting to the affected vessel or percutaneous intervention including wiring the true lumen and exclusion stenting of the dissection fla... | guide catheter induced dissection of coronary arteries is an uncommon , but serious complication of coronary angioplasty .
treatment can include emergent coronary artery bypass grafting to the affected vessel or percutaneous intervention including wiring the true lumen and exclusion stenting of the dissection flap to... |
gemcitabine is a commonly used antineoplastic agent that is a nucleoside analog and pyrimidine antimetabolite that inhibits rna synthesis.1 it is most commonly used in solid organ malignancies such as nonsmall cell lung cancer , and breast , ovarian , and pancreatic cancer , although is also used in diffuse large bcell... | abstractgemcitabine is a commonly used antineoplastic agent used to treat a variety of cancers with rarely reported cardiac side effects .
we describe a case of a 67yearold woman with follicular lymphoma who experienced a rarely reported side effect of gemcitabine : cardiomyopathy .
this case highlights a multiple ... |
oral cancer is significant component of the global burden of cancer affecting more than 400,000 individuals per year worldwide .
it is the most common neoplasm in india and most southeast asian countries , the high incidence of which has been attributed to the prevalence of tobacco chewing among the populations of th... | background and objective : the role of telomeres and telomerase in oral cancer is an area of much recent interest .
the understanding of the role of telomere biology , the end replication problem leading to genomic instability and the reactivation of telomerase , is absolutely critical to our understanding of oral ca... |
glaucoma is becoming more common than expected , which is characterized by loss of retinal nerve fiber layers and an associated change in visual field , resulting in irreversible blindness worldwide .
the total number of people aged 4080 years diagnosed as having primary open - angle glaucoma ( poag ) is predicted to... | purpose . to investigate the potential relationship between open - angle glaucoma ( oag ) and peripapillary choroidal thickness ( ppct ) . materials and methods .
relevant publications were searched systematically through various databases from inception to january 2016 .
studies comparing ppct in oag patients and ... |
the orbit , like the maxillary antrum , is an anatomical region which is of clinical and surgical interest to many disciplines .
it may be regarded as crossroads where the signposts , in the more complex injuries , clearly indicate the necessity for additional expertise , which can be provided by other specialties . ... | background : ophthalmic injuries commonly occur in patients with facial fractures . this study was set up to determine the incidence of ophthalmic injuries as assessed by an ophthalmologist , in patients who had sustained maxillofacial fractures.objective:to determine the incidence of ophthalmic injuries in maxillofaci... |
egypt was blessed with the river nile and ancient culture but was deemed with liver diseases .
liver cirrhosis is a common disease in egypt as egypt has the highest incidence rate of hcv infection worldwide ( 1 ) .
up to 20 % of hospitalized patients with cirrhosis develop aki ( 2 ) and once aki occurs there is a r... | abstractbackground and aim : acute kidney injury is a common complication in cirrhotic patients .
serum creatinine is a poor biomarker for detection of renal impairment in cirrhotic patients .
the aim of this study was to evaluate urinary neutrophils gelatinase - associated lipocalin ( ngal ) and urinary interleuki... |
an unusual clinical presentation of cow 's milk allergy ( cma ) in an infant gave us the opportunity to observe a very fast and intriguing decrease of ige concentrations after allergen withdrawal , raising new questions about ige production and metabolism in newborns and infants .
a 17-day - old neonate , born to ato... | we report a case of a very fast and intriguing decrease in ige concentrations after exclusion from the diet of any cm lysate in an unusual clinical presentation of cow 's milk allergy in an infant .
analysis of ige kinetics after allergen elimination suggests rapid cessation of ige biosynthesis and a short ige half -... |
since its introduction
to the market in 1991 , imidacloprid ( n-{1-[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl)methyl]-4,5-dihydroimidazol-2-yl}nitramide )
is the most successful neonicotinoid insecticide containing the 2-(n - nitroimidazolidin ) pharmacophore and the ( 6-chloropyrid-3-yl )
methyl residue .
imidacloprid has been
wi... | imidacloprid ,
a neonicotinoid insecticide widely used in agriculture
worldwide , has been reported to promote adipogenesis and cause insulin
resistance in vitro .
the purpose of the current study was to determine
the effects of imidacloprid and its interaction with dietary fat in
the development of adiposi... |
among the chromosomal aberration syndromes , 1q duplications and 18q deletions have been reported separately .
the phenotype of 18q - syndrome is variable depending on the deleted region and size .
typical forms of 18q - syndrome include developmental delay , microcephaly , facial dysmorphism , growth retardation ,... | we report the case of a 22-month - old boy with a new mosaic partial unbalanced translocation of 1q and 18q .
the patient was referred to our pediatric department for developmental delay .
he showed mild facial dysmorphism , physical growth retardation , a hearing disability , and had a history of patent ductus art... |
this review focuses on progress in the development of transport models for heterogeneous contaminated aquifers , the use of predicted contaminant concentrations in groundwater for risk assessment for heterogeneous human populations , and the evaluation of aquifer remediation technologies .
major limitations and areas... | |
herpes simplex virus ( hsv ) , a double - stranded dna virus , is a common human pathogen , classically causing orofacial ( mostly hsv-1 ) or genital ( mostly hsv-2 ) infections .
the clinical presentation ranges from mild uncomplicated mucocutaneous infection to occasionally life - threatening , disseminated infecti... | immunodeficient patients are at risk of developing extended or atypical herpes simplex virus infections , which can be easily misdiagnosed .
we present the case of a 79-year - old , treatment - induced ( oral corticosteroid ) , immunocompromised female with an extensive atypical herpes simplex virus infection .
thi... |
stroke affects quality of life through physical , mental , emotional , cognitive , and social
damage1 , 2 .
interest in improvement of quality of life and rehabilitation is
important because stroke patients suffer from various disabilities and various types of
damage3 , 4 .
the occupational performance occurs... | [ purpose ] this study was performed to evaluate the occupational performance of stroke
patients and their environment by occupational self - assessment and to investigate the
relationship between occupational performance and well - being .
[ subjects and methods ] this
study enrolled ninety - two stroke patien... |
during the cardiac device implantation procedure , selection of the appropriate vein puncture site is important to reduce the risk of vascular and lead - related complications.1 ) nerve injuries that arise during device implantation procedures are sparsely reported in the literature.2)3 ) here , we report a case of bra... | a 64-year - old male patient underwent cardiac resynchronization therapy ( crt ) device implantation via the axillary venous approach .
two weeks later , the patient started complaining of " electric shock - like " pain in the left axillary area . during physical examination , typical pain in the left axillary area
... |
chlamydia trachomatis , an obligate intracellular bacterium , is worldwide a common cause of sexually transmitted infections .
since 1995 , the number of c. trachomatis infections has been officially notified in finland , and the number of notifications has been increasing . lately , there has been around 14 000 noti... | our aims were to genotype chlamydia trachomatis strains present in urogenital samples and to investigate the occurrence of the swedish new variant of c. trachomatis in finland .
we genotyped 160 c. trachomatis positive samples with ompa real - time pcr and analyzed 495 samples for the new variant .
the three most p... |
spinal cord injury ( sci ) is a detrimental condition that affects mostly young adult individuals ( national sci statistical center , 2014 ) .
patients with this condition are subject to drastic changes in their lifestyle , as well as economic stress . after the trauma to the cord ,
several events take place at the... | spinal cord injury ( sci ) is a devastating condition that produces significant changes in the lifestyle of patients .
many molecular and cellular events are triggered after the initial physical impact to the cord .
two major phases have been described in the field of sci : an acute phase and late phase .
most of... |
( ro5 )
has had a profound impact on the build - up of small molecule screening
collections , as it delineates chemical space that is more likely to
yield cell permeable compounds and allow oral administration .
however ,
finding ro5 compliant ligands for targets with extended binding sites ,
e.g. , proteas... | profiling
of eight stereoisomeric t. cruzi growth
inhibitors revealed vastly different in vitro properties such as solubility ,
lipophilicity , pka , and cell permeability
for two sets of four stereoisomers . using computational chemistry
and nmr spectroscopy , we identified the formation of an intramolecular... |
they are usually luted with resin cements , which promote an increase in retention when compared to conventional cements , such as zinc phosphate [ 2 , 3 ] . however , this technique is very sensitive and the manufacturers protocol must be carefully followed in order to achieve successful restorations . to simplify the... | the present study evaluated the influence of the cement film thickness on the push - out bond strength of glass fiber posts in the cervical , medium , and apical thirds of root canal spaces .
thirty roots were randomly divided into three groups , according to the fiber post system 's drills : ( g1 ) # 2 ; ( g2 ) # 3 ... |
curves are congenital and rigid , larger than 80 at birth and progressing to more than 100 4 .
these lead to chronic pressure sores , impaired sitting balance , collapsing spine phenomena , decreased abdominal capacity , and reduced respiratory function 4 .
there is no consensus regarding the proper mode of correct... | study design : a retrospective case series of patients with myelomeningocele ( mmc ) who underwent kyphectomy and posterior segmental fixation using luque rods and 16-gauge wires.objective : to assess outcomes after posterior kyphectomy and segmental fixation for kyphosis in patients with mmc.methods : thirteen consecu... |
type 2 diabetes is caused by complex interactions between insulin resistance in the peripheral tissues and impaired insulin secretion by pancreatic -cells . there is a general consensus that the latter results from both impaired -cell function and decreased -cell mass .
the high activity of molecules , such as reacti... | objectives . this study aimed to explore the effect of exendin-4 on t
- bhp - induced apoptosis in pancreatic cells and the mechanism of action .
methods .
murine min6 pancreatic cells were treated with exendin-4 in the presence or absence of tert - butyl hydroperoxide ( t - bhp ) .
cell survival was assessed... |
adults with childhood - onset type 1 diabetes are at increased risk for premature cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) morbidity and mortality compared with the general population ( 1 ) .
the antecedents of cvd begin in childhood ( 2 ) , and early or preclinical atherosclerosis can be detected as intima - media thickening ... | objectiveyouth with type 1 diabetes have worse cardiovascular ( cv ) risk factors and higher carotid intima - media thickness ( imt ) than their peers without diabetes . whether the burden of cv risk factors over time is associated with carotid imt at follow - up in youth with type 1 diabetes is not known.research desi... |
whilst clinical studies have shown encouraging long - term clinical performance , failure of these devices can still occur .
specifically , the clinical complications and unexpected failure of hip prostheses linked to edge loading have been reported recently ( langton et al . , 2011 ; walter et al . , 2011 ; kwon et ... | edge loading can negatively impact the biomechanics and long - term performance of hip replacements .
although edge loading has been widely investigated for hard - on - hard articulations , limited work has been conducted for hard - on - soft combinations .
the aim of the present study was to investigate edge loadi... |
the socially - constructed and culturally - mediated concept of risk is used to give meaning to things , forces , or circumstances that are deemed to pose danger to people or what they value .
risk assessment in various forms has been used for centuries by individuals and societies to evaluate particular hazards that... | significance for public healthrisk - based decision making is a core feature of government actions aimed at protecting public health from the adverse effects of environmental hazards . in the past
, it has often been an expert - driven , mostly obscure process used by federal agencies to justify and defend regulatory... |
chemical sensing using
surface - enhanced raman spectroscopy ( sers )
has recently exploded in popularity as wet chemical nanosynthesis
techniques , especially related to surface control , have evolved . a technique called layer - by - layer
( lbl ) polyelectrolyte wrapping
has been used in recent years for a... | the popularity of nanotechnology - based
sensing technologies has
rapidly expanded within the past decade .
surface - enhanced raman spectroscopy
( sers ) is one such technique capable of chemically specific and highly
sensitive measurements .
the careful preparation of sers - active nanoprobes
is immense... |
microsatellites , or simple sequence repeats ( ssrs ) , are repetitive stretches of a tandemly repeated motif of one to six base pairs , which has evolved and expanded owing to the replication slippage mechanism that is supposed to be the cause of their high polymorphic rates . recently , using a genome - wide alignmen... | microsatellites or simple sequence repeats ( ssrs ) are repetitive stretches of nucleotides ( a , t , g , c ) that are distributed either as single base pair stretches or as a combination of two- to six - nucleotides units that are non - randomly distributed within coding and in non - coding regions of the genome .
c... |
sexual health is defined in part by the world health organization as a state of physical , emotional , mental , and social well - being in relation to sexuality ; not merely the absence of disease , dysfunction , or infirmity.1 the definition is based on landmark publications from sexual health researchers over the las... | the objective of the authors is to highlight the historical complexities for the diagnosis and treatment of hypoactive sexual desire disorder ( hsdd ) with a focus on flibanserin .
a systematic review of the medical literature published in pubmed using the search terms hsdd and flibanserin was conducted .
each auth... |
drop - in group medical appointments ( digmas ) were provided for adult patients who are encouraged to attend group discussions .
digmas have been developed for diabetes , hypertension , well - child care , fibromyalgia , and functional bowel disease .
prior studies using the group model have reported improvements ... | our digma program was established to allow patients time to interact with an allergist , a behaviorist and an asthma educator in a group setting .
weekly meetings targeted patients with chronic asthma .
digmas typically last for 90 minute s and include 10 patients per session .
outcome parameters were established... |
the success of root canal therapy is dependent upon a thorough knowledge of the root and root canal morphology .
this helps us to locate all the canals and properly clean , shape , and obturate the canal spaces in all dimensions.[13 ] slowey has suggested that mandibular first premolars , often called as
endodontis... | thorough knowledge of the root canal morphology , appropriate assessment of the pulp chamber floor , and critical interpretation of radiographs are a prerequisite for successful root canal therapy .
the possibility of additional root / canal should be considered even in teeth with a low frequency of abnormal root can... |
in the seventies , dr . harald zur hausen firstly postulated the link between human papillomaviruses ( hpvs ) and cervical cancer : studies to develop an anticancer vaccine followed .
approximately 70% of cervical cancers worldwide are associated with two high - risk hpv types ( 16/18 ) [ 1 , 2 ] and almost 90% of ge... | background .
when the bivalent and the quadrivalent hpv vaccines were marketed they were presented as having comparable efficacy against cervical cancer .
differences between the vaccines are hpv types included and formulation of the adjuvant . method .
a systematic review was conducted to assess the efficacy of ... |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) , a lung disease characterized by airflow limitations that are not fully reversible , is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mortality worldwide.13 the global burden of disease study predicted that copd is predicted to rise from the sixth most common cause of mortality ... | backgroundpotential associations between oral health and respiratory disease , including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) , have been suggested in several studies . among the indicators reflecting oral health ,
the number of natural teeth is an integrated and simple index to assess in the clinic . in th... |
a pressure ulcer is an area of localized damage to the skin and underlying tissue caused by pressure , shear , or friction or by a combination of these ( european pressure ulcer advisory panel ) .
the reported incidence varies from 1.525% in long - term care facilities and can be as high as 70% in bed - ridden elderl... | managing pressure ulcers remain a challenge and call for a multidisciplinary team approach to care .
even more daunting is the management of such patients in remote locations and in resource constrained situations .
the management of pressure sores in a patient with progressive muscular atrophy has been discussed u... |
dental trauma is considered a major public oral health problem because the high
prevalence and the impact caused in daily life .
the main causes of traumatic dental injuries are falls and
collisions with people and objects , both factors are very present during sports
practice .
it has been shown that sports ... | objectivesthe aims of this study were to verify the occurrence of dental injuries in
professional brazilian soccer players , the level of knowledge of the teams '
medical departments about mouthguards , and the conducts adopted in cases of dental
trauma during the match .
material and methodsclosed questionnair... |
salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium is a gram - negative enteric motile bacterium and a member of the enterobacteriaceae family .
s. typhimurium can infect humans and animals , leading to the development of gastroenteritis . after entering intestinal epithelial cells , the bacteria damage the microvilli on the su... | backgroundsalmonella enterica serovar typhimurium ( s. typhimurium ) causes gastroenteritis in humans and paratyphoid disease in some animals .
given the emergence of antibiotic resistance , vaccines are more effective than chemotherapy in disease control.objectivesthe aim of this experimental study was to evaluate t... |
congenital leukemia , defined as a leukemia that occurs within 4 to 6 weeks of birth , is rare . excluding down syndrome - related transient neonatal myeloproliferation , its incidence is less than 1% of all childhood leukemia ( 1 , 2 ) .
the diagnostic criteria include the presence of immature leukemic blasts in the... | congenital leukemia is uncommon and excluding transient myeloproliferation associated with down syndrome , makes up approximately 1% of childhood leukemias .
a newborn boy was born with multiple subcutaneous nodules and large purpuric papules .
skin biopsy revealed proliferation of atypical hematologic cells in the... |
four years after food and drug administration ( fda ) approval , the first oral treatment for relapsing forms of ms , fty720 , is showing good efficacy for managing morbidity and the progression of active disease . therapeutically , the benefit afforded by fty720 in managing symptoms of relapsing - remitting ms appears... | development of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 1 ( s1p1 ) modulators to dampen inflammation and its sequelae is becoming increasingly promising for treating medical conditions characterized by significant immunopathology . as shown by the non - selective s1p receptor modulator fty720 ( fingolimod [ gilenya ] ) in the ... |
vitamin d is considered a collection of fat - soluble steroids that found in two forms : vitamin d3 ( cholecalciferol ) from animal sources and vitamin d2 ( ergocalciferol ) from plant sources .
although vitamin d can be obtained from few dietary sources including oily fish ( salmon ) , eggs , fortified dairy product... | background : vitamin d has a wide range of physiological functions in skeletal and nonskeletal tissues which may play a role in many diseases . the aim of this study was to evaluate the recent evidence regarding the effects of vitamin d on several health outcomes in women including breast cancer , ovarian and endometri... |
inclusion criteria included age 1230 years , clinical diagnosis of type 1 diabetes of at least 1 year s duration , current use of insulin pump therapy , a1c < 9% ( < 75 mmol / mol ) , bmi < 95th percentile for age and sex , normal hematocrit and serum creatinine levels , no other chronic medical condition ( except trea... | objectiveafternoon exercise increases the risk of nocturnal hypoglycemia ( nh ) in subjects with type 1 diabetes .
we hypothesized that automated feedback - controlled closed - loop ( cl ) insulin delivery would be superior to open - loop ( ol ) control in preventing nh and maintaining a higher proportion of blood gl... |
arterial structure and function can now be simple and noninvasively assessed by different accurate methods , which have been extensively used in patients with cardiovascular risk factors . in this context , celermajer et al .
's technique , commonly known as flow - mediated dilation ( fmd ) , which utilizes the vasor... | introduction .
flow - mediated dilation ( fmd ) , low flow - mediated constriction ( l - fmc ) , and reactive hyperemia - related changes in carotid - to - radial pulse wave velocity ( pwvcr% ) could offer complementary information about both
recruitability and resting endothelial function ( ef ) . carotid - to ... |
it is associated with high morbidity and mortality especially in children under five years of age . the economic loss due to malaria infection is huge in malaria endemic regions .
it has been estimated that , in some countries of sub - saharan africa ( ssa ) , up to 10% of monthly income could be spent on procuring a... | adherence to artemisinin - based combination therapy ( act ) is not clearly defined .
this meta - analysis determines the prevalence and predictors of adherence to act .
twenty - five studies and six substudies met the inclusion criteria .
the prevalence of act adherence in the public sector was significantly hig... |
in the peripheral nervous system ( pns ) , neuromuscular junctions contain a well - defined basal lamina composed of a highly ordered network of extracellular matrix ( ecm ) proteins such as laminins and collagens .
this structure is important for the formation and function of this synapse ( patton 2003 ) .
the lac... | matricellular proteins , such as thrombospondins ( tsps1 - 4 ) , sparc , sparc - like1 ( hevin ) and tenascin c are expressed by astrocytes in the central nervous system ( cns ) of rodents . the spatial and temporal expression patterns of these proteins suggest that they may be involved in important developmental proce... |
glaucoma is the most common optic neuropathy which is characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells , the excavation of the optic nerve head , associated with defects in the visual field ( 1 ) .
multiple factors are equally active in cell bodies and their axons leading to the death of retinal ganglion c... | introduction : glaucoma is the most common optic neuropathy which is characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells , the excavation of the optic nerve head , associated with defects in the visual field . it is not a disease , but the final result of united and yet completely unidentified cellular and subc... |
it is generally whitish , yellowish , or greenish vaginal discharge in females that might be normal or a symptom of infection .
it is almost mucus discharge , which exhibit exfoliation of vaginal epithelial cells due to estrogen influence on the vaginal mucosa .
leucorrhea is a well - known disease in iranian tradi... | background : leucorrhea or vaginal discharge is a conventional complaint . it is generally whitish , yellowish , or greenish vaginal discharge in females that might be normal or a symptom of infection . it is almost mucus discharge , which exhibit exfoliation of vaginal epithelial cells due to estrogen influence on the... |
rhabdomyosarcomas ( rmss ) are a group of soft - tissue malignant tumors which derive from primitive skeletal muscle tissue that mainly affect children and adolescents .
rmss are very rare in adults , where they are usually located in the extremities .
a previously healthy 32-year - old male presented at our ent ( ... | backgroundrhabdomyosarcomas ( rmss ) are a group of soft - tissue malignant tumors which derive from primitive skeletal muscle tissue that mainly affect children and adolescents .
rmss are very rare in adults , where they are usually located in the extremities.case presentationa previously healthy 32-year - old male ... |
to estimate and compare serum cortisol levels in periodontally diseased patients and periodontally healthy individuals .
to compare serum cortisol levels between chronic periodontitis and healthy controlsto compare serum cortisol levels between aggressive periodontitis and healthy controlsto correlate the serum corti... | introduction : psychological conditions , particularly psychosocial stress have been implicated as risk indicators of periodontal disease .
stress increases cortisol production from the adrenal cortex by stimulating an increase in the release of acth from the pituitary gland .
increased cortisol production suppress... |
the most common clinical presentation of patients with lupus anticoagulant antibody is arterial or venous thromboembolism1 ) .
hemorrhage is much less common and this is usually attributable to the associated thrombocytopenia , a platelet dysfunction , a prothrombin deficiency or other underlying coagulopathies2 , 3 ... | the presence of lupus anticoagulant is associated with an elevated risk of venous and arterial thrombosis , and recurrent miscarriages as well .
for some cases , this disease can present with bleeding as a consequence of lupus anticoagulant hypoprothrombinemia ( lahps ) .
lahps is a rare disease and it is reported ... |
colorectal cancer represents the second leading cause of cancer - related deaths due to therapy resistance both in europe and united states . drug resistance is thought to cause treatment failure in over 90% of patients with metastatic cancer , while drug resistant micrometastic tumour cells may also reduce the impact ... | abstractthe prognosis of metastatic cancer patients is still largely affected by treatment failure , mainly due to drug resistance .
the hypothesis that chemotherapy might miss circulating tumour cells ( ctcs ) and particularly a subpopulation of more aggressive , stem - like ctcs , characterized by multidrug resista... |
when confronted with the title what is new in surgical treatment of vesicoureteric reflux ? many readers will automatically think of endoscopic techniques with subureteric injection of bulking agents , also known as sting ( subureteral teflon injection ) . over the years
several substances have been advocated as bu... | in addition to conventional open surgery and endoscopic techniques , laparoscopic correction of vesicoureteric reflux , sometimes even robot - assisted , is becoming an alternative surgical treatment modality for this condition in a number of centres around the world .
at least for a subgroup of patients laparoscopis... |
the fact that vertical dimension control is one of the most difficult tasks in orthodontic treatment has been recognized for a long time . to thoroughly understand the vertical facial height ( vfh )
vertical dimension , generally speaking , includes anterior ( afh ) and posterior facial height ( pfh ) . according to ... | introductionthe aim of the present study was to evaluate how vertical facial height correlates with mandibular plane angle , facial width and depth from a three dimensional ( 3d ) viewing angle.methodsin this study 3d cephalometric landmarks were identified and measurements from 43 randomly selected cone beam computed ... |
open surgical repair remains a gold standard therapeutic option in the management of descending thoracic aorta ( dta ) aneurysm . because of the progress in cardiopulmonary bypass ( cpb ) strategies , spinal cord protective adjuncts , as well as improvements in postoperative care ,
outcomes of open repair of dta have... | backgroundto determine the predictors of clinical outcomes following surgical descending thoracic aortic ( dta ) repair.methodswe identified 103 patients ( 23 females ; mean age , 64.112.3 years ) who underwent dta replacement from 1999 to 2011 using either deep hypothermic circulatory arrest ( 44% ) or partial cardiop... |
ca19 - 9 is a monosialoganglioside , which is associated with various types of mucinous tumors in the gastrointestinal tract , such as in the pancreas and biliary tract [ 13 ] .
serum ca19 - 9 plays an important role in the diagnosis and prognostication of colorectal , pancreatic , and biliary tract cancers [ 46 ] . ... | backgroundthis study was designed to investigate the clinical characteristics correlated with serum ca19 - 9 elevation in primary mucinous ovarian tumors and to evaluate the role of serum ca19 - 9 in predicting borderline or malignant tumors.material/methodswe retrospectively identified 27 women with pathologically - c... |
the large number of clinical situations playing the role of forerunners within the pathology of the dental - maxillary apparatus was inappropriately assessed in the past and this situation extended nowadays .
the establishing of medical diagnoses by the dentist is often completed subsequent to an evaluation of the de... | the functional disorders of the masticator apparatus impose the accomplishment of a phased assessment protocol which should permit the marking out and prefigure the future treatment plan , at the same time .
the association of clinical data with therapeutic options and last but not least with the patient s expectati... |
the ectrodactyly - ectodermal dysplasia cleft lip / palate ( eec ) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant genetic syndrome characterized by various degrees of ectrodactyly and syndactyly ( hands and feet ) , cleft lip and/or palate and ectodermal dysplasia .
usually it is associated with renal malformations , deafness... | the eec syndrome is a genetic anomaly characterized by the triad : ectodermal dysplasia ( development of anomalies of the structures derived from the embryonic ectodermal layer ) , ectrodactyly ( extremities , hands and feet malformations ) and cleft lip and/or palate ; these malformations can be seen together or in is... |
isolated internal iliac artery aneurysms are very rare , accounting for around 0.4% of abdominal aneurismal disease ( 1 ) . with a rupture rate of 38% and associated high mortality , early detection and intervention
signs and symptoms at presentation are often nonspecific so a high index of clinical suspicion is requ... | internal iliac artery aneurysms are rare , but with a mortality approaching 50% in those that rupture , prompt diagnosis is essential . often presentation is nonspecific ; a wide variety of symptoms and signs have been encountered , illustrating a challenge in identification .
we report a case of ruptured internal il... |
within eukaryotic cells , endosomes are key sorting stations that receive material ( proteins and lipids ) from both the biosynthetic and the endocytic pathways . a membrane protein arriving at an endosome
can be sorted for delivery to one of three destinations : the cell surface , the golgi , and the lysosome .
th... | the retromer complex mediates endosomal protein sorting by concentrating membrane proteins ( cargo ) into nascent tubules formed through the action of sorting nexin ( snx ) proteins .
the wash complex is recruited to endosomes by binding to the vps35 subunit of retromer and facilitates cargo protein sorting by promot... |
diabetic retinopathy is the commonest cause of blindness in patients of working age in developed countries , principally due to the complications of neovascularization , or to maculopathy ( focal or diffuse macular edema).1,2 although considerable progress has been made in reducing the incidence of blindness through im... | purposethis study investigates the efficacy of an intravitreal gas injection in inducing a posterior vitreous detachment ( pvd ) in patients with clinically significant diabetic macular edema refractory to laser therapy.methodsa local ethics committee - approved technique of an intravitreal injection of pure perfluorop... |
nearly everyone has seen negative afterimage illusions , and most textbooks discuss them in the context of trichromatic vision and opponent cells .
this illusion is a good place to start because it introduces adaptation and opponent processes , which have bearing beyond color vision , and is tied to a simple model fr... | many phenomena that we take for granted are illusions color and motion on a tv or computer monitor , for example , or the impression of space in a stereo music recording .
even the stable image that we perceive when looking directly at the real world is illusory .
one of the important lessons from sensory neurosci... |
occupational noise exposure is recognised as a substantial risk factor for hearing loss , and worldwide , it remains the most frequent cause of preventable sensorineural hearing loss .
this has led to an extensive research into the auditive effects of occupational noise , and in consequence , preventive measures have... | aims : to survey current , danish industrial noise levels and the use of hearing protection devices ( hpd ) over a 10-year period and to characterise the association between occupational noise and hearing threshold shift in the same period .
furthermore , the risk of hearing loss among the baseline and the follow - u... |
rejection in renal allograft is mediated by t cells ( t - cell - mediated rejection ) or by donor - specific antibodies ( dsas ) ( antibody mediated rejection , abmr ) .
after its introduction in banff 1997 , the criteria for abmr have been revised and refined on the basis of morphologic tissue injury , evidence of c... | renal allograft rejection is mediated by t - cells ( t - cell mediated rejection ) or by donor - specific antibodies ( dsas ) ( antibody mediated rejection , abmr ) .
plasma cell - rich acute rejection ( pcar ) is a unique entity due to its peculiar morphology and poor prognostic behavior .
all allograft biopsies d... |
visual attention is the selection of visual information for purposes such as in - depth processing , perception , or action control . because we have to select information at all times ,
understanding attention is a key to an understanding of almost any form of cognition . to date , however , the mechanisms by which ... | attentional capture is usually stronger for task - relevant than irrelevant stimuli , whereas irrelevant stimuli can trigger equal or even stronger amounts of inhibition than relevant stimuli .
capture and inhibition , however , are typically assessed in separate trials , leaving it open whether or not inhibition of ... |
mucilage compounds are pharmaceutically important polysaccharides that have an extensive range of applications , including binding agents , thickeners , water retention agents , emulsion stabilizers , suspending agents , disintegrates , film formers , and gelling agents .
a historical approach to medical science writ... | background : mucilage compounds are pharmaceutically important polysaccharides that have an extensive range of applications , including binding agents , thickeners , water retention agents , emulsion stabilizers , suspending agents , disintegrates , film formers , and gelling agents . a historical approach to medical s... |
every year , influenza a ( ia ) and b ( ib ) viruses co - circulate from late fall through to early spring , causing respiratory tract infections among persons of every age group with highest rates of illness in children .
severe infections often cause death due to bacterial superinfection . in immunocompromised pati... | our objective is to highlight and focus on post - influenza aspergillosis , triggered by influenza b virus .
this relatively new clinical entity is often associated with a fulminant course of respiratory decline and high mortality . a 51-year immunocompetent woman , without any medical history or risk factors for dev... |
clin kidney j ( 2015 ) 8 : 265270 and by al shakarchi and inston . | thomas inman ( 182076 ) wrote practice two things in your dealings with disease : either help or do not harm the patient , echoing writings from the hippocratic school .
the challenge of practicing safely with the avoidance of complications or harm is perhaps only heightened in the context of modern medical settings... |
consensus guidelines have been drafted by several large international working groups on different occasions in an attempt to standardise the surveillance , diagnosis , and management of hcc . of the major working groups ,
the european association for the study of the liver was the first to establish consensus guideli... | consensus guidelines for radiological diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) have been drafted by several large international working groups .
this article reviews the similarities and differences between the most recent guidelines proposed by the american association for study of liver diseases and the asian ... |
a total of 58 cid patients , consisting of both as and fmd patients , and a group of 58 healthy volunteers were included in the study .
all participants were evaluated for major cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes mellitus ( dm ) , history of coronary artery disease ( cad ) , and use of cigarettes or alcohol... | objective : the term chronic inflammatory disease ( cid ) refers to a category of inflammatory diseases that includes ankylosing spondylitis ( as ) and familial mediterranean fever ( fmf ) .
the incidence of adverse cardiovascular events is greater among patients with cid , though they may not have conventional ather... |
pine et al have used recently developed measuring tools1 to demonstrate that the presence of surface deposits on prosthetic eyes is associated with less conjunctival inflammation and less severe mucoid discharge in anophthalmic sockets.2 however , the causal direction of these associations was not established in this s... | backgroundthe aim of this study was to investigate deposit buildup on prosthetic eyes and the implications for conjunctival inflammation and discharge.methodsforty-three prosthetic eye wearers participated in the study .
twenty - three had their prostheses polished normally before being worn continuously for 2 weeks ... |
in our recently published article , we investigated the behavioral addiction model of obsessive compulsive disorder ( ocd ) , by assessing three core dimensions of addiction in patients with ocd healthy participants .
similar to the common findings in addiction , ocd patients demonstrated increased impulsivity , ris... | |
attendance at emergency departments and unplanned hospital readmissions are common for frail older patients after discharge from the hospital.1 patients with chronic illnesses frequently perceived powerlessness in managing their disease after hospital discharge , and they are prompted to seek hospital readmission immed... | introductionattendance at emergency departments and unplanned hospital readmissions are common for frail older patients after discharge from hospitals .
a virtual ward service was piloted to deliver hospital - at - home services by community nurses and geriatricians to frail older patients immediately after their d... |
these were previously graded by pathologists using a three - tier system as low , intermediate or high grade tumors . in recent years
there has been a shift to a two - tier grading system classifying tumors as either low grade or high grade , .
low grade and high grade serous carcinomas of the ovary have differing ... | objectiveto evaluate the ct features of pathologically proven low grade serous carcinoma ( lgsc ) of the ovary.methodspatients with a pathologic diagnosis of lgsc and ct prior to oophorectomy were retrospectively identified .
the ct scans in 14 patients were available and were analyzed for an adnexal mass , peritonea... |
reactive oxygen species ( ros ) are chemically reactive molecules that contain oxygen [ 1 , 2 ] .
endogenous ros are produced as byproducts during aerobic respiration or by oxidation reactions catalyzed by metal and oxidoreductase enzymes such as phenoloxidases ( pos ) [ 3 , 4 ] .
pos , together with tyrosinases , ... | insect phenoloxidase ( po ) belongs to the type 3 copper protein family and possesses oxidoreductase activities .
po is typically synthesized as a zymogen called prophenoloxidase ( ppo ) and requires the proteolytic activation to function .
we here cloned full - length cdna for 3 previously unidentified ppos , whic... |
in women , cancer of the breast is one of the most common incident cancer and cause of death from cancer.(1 ) anthropometric factors of weight , height , and body mass index ( bmi ) have been associated with breast cancer risk.(23 ) obesity leads to increased levels of fat tissue in the body that can store toxins and c... | background : in women , cancer of the breast is one of the most common incident cancer and cause of death from cancer .
anthropometric factors of weight , height , and body mass index ( bmi ) have been associated with breast cancer risk.objectives:to study the association of overweight and obesity with breast cancer ... |
vitamin d is a fat - soluble vitamin obtained by the human body in two ways , through dietary intake mainly from fatty fish , eggs and fortified food and through endogenous production in the skin after ultraviolet - b exposure .
rising evidence suggests that vitamin d deficiency is associated with a higher risk of pr... | objective : to describe the status of vitamin d levels in maternal and umbilical cord blood in term pregnant woman in a mixed ethnic population in an inner - city european maternity.methods : a single centre prospective cohort descriptive study including all uncomplicated singleton term pregnancies from april 1 , 2011 ... |
toxic epidermal necrolysis ( ten ) is a severe and life - threatening condition involving skin and mucous membrane .
the drugs most commonly causing ten are sulfonamides , penicillins , other antibiotics , non - steroidal anti - inflammatory drugs , anti convulsants , etc .
these drugs reaction are more common in i... | stevens - johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis ( ten ) are rare but serious dermatologic disorders .
these grave conditions present as medical emergency , requiring prompt diagnosis and management .
these are often drug induced and various groups of drugs , such as sulfa drugs , nsaids , etc .
, have b... |
sample size was computed using this formula.n=(z1-/2)2*p*(1-p)d2
the subjects were selected by nonprobability method from akhavan and saba treatment and rehabilitation clinic , tehran , iran . written informed consents were taken and the study was approved by the ethics committee of ethnics in the university of soci... | objectiveseveral studies have implicated the 5-httlpr polymorphism in treatment outcomes of selective serotonin re - uptake inhibitors in patients with major depression . the aim of this study was to examine the association between polymorphism in the serotonin transporter gene and citalopram effectiveness in iranian p... |
although skin is the largest organ of the body there are no standardized reproducible methods for assessing skin function or severity of skin disease . during recent years
several scoring systems have been introduced to help clinical practice and clinical research on many skin diseases , which mainly compare inter - ... | although skin is the largest organ of the body , there are no standardized reproducible methods for assessing severity of many skin diseases . due to lack of consensus , methods of assessment and inexistence of precise scoring system
, there is no application for vitiligo estimation in real practice . in this paper
... |
oxidative stress ( ros ) is accompanied by aging and several neurodegenerative diseases and cancers .
indeed , ros are generated as byproducts of cellular metabolism and have the potential to increase significant biological damage ( 1 ) .
there are several evidences to support the idea that the most important mecha... | introductionhuman serum albumin ( hsa ) is a critical protein in human blood plasma , which can be highly damaged by oxidative stress .
the aim of this study was to analyze modifications of this protein after oxidation using a fenton system.methodsin this 2015 experiment , different ratios of fenton reagent ( fe2+/h2... |
the identification , in the mid-1960s , of the major psycochoactive component of cannabis sativa and marijuana ( 9-tetrahydrocannabinol , 9 thc ) and the discovery of its membrane receptors , paved the way to reveal a whole endogenous signaling system known as the endocannabinoid ( ec ) system ( 7 ) .
several studies... | the prevalence of obesity continues to increase and represents one of the principal causes of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality . after the discovery of a specific receptor of the psychoactive principle of marijuana , the cannabinoid receptors and their endogenous ligands , several studies have demonstrated the ro... |
in august 2008 , vesicle fluid specimens were collected from 2 children and 1 parent with hfmd at the central hospital of seinjoki , southern ostrobothnia .
specimens were sent to the department of virology , university of turku , for identification of the causative agent .
after detection of cva6 in these index ca... | during fall 2008 , an outbreak of hand , foot , and mouth disease ( hfmd ) with onychomadesis ( nail shedding ) as a common feature occurred in finland .
we identified an unusual enterovirus type , coxsackievirus a6 ( cva6 ) , as the causative agent .
cva6 infections may be emerging as a new and major cause of epid... |
molecular
dynamics ( md ) simulations are commonly used for ( a ) studying
dynamics of protein structures , ( b ) protein structure prediction ,
and ( c ) calculating thermodynamic properties such as free energies ,
enthalpy , and entropy of conformational states of proteins .
all - atom cartesian md simulati... | internal coordinates such as bond
lengths , bond angles , and torsion
angles ( bat ) are natural coordinates for describing a bonded molecular
system . however , the molecular dynamics ( md ) simulation methods that
are widely used for proteins , dna , and polymers are based on cartesian
coordinates owing to ... |
amyloidosis defines a group of diseases characterized by extracellular deposition of protein precursorsas insoluble fibrillar aggregates , able to induce both organ dysfunction and/or cellular death .
amyloid fibrils can be identified in biopsy specimens both by their characteristic appearance on electron microscopy ... | background : amyloid a ( aa ) amyloidosis is a multisystem , progressive and fatal disease .
renal involvement occurs early in the course of aa .
we aimed to investigate the etiology , clinical and laboratory features , and outcome of patients with biopsy - proven renal aa amyloidosis.materials and methods : a tota... |
sex differences in brain structure and behavior are ubiquitous in many species , including humans and rodents [ 13 ] .
the gonadal steroid hormones , testosterone ( t ) and estradiol , are essential for these differences [ 46 ] .
there is a strong link between the sex steroids and gender differences not only in nor... | during the perinatal period , male mice are exposed to higher levels of testosterone ( t ) than females , which promotes sexual dimorphism in their brain structures and behaviors .
in addition to acting via estrogen receptors after being locally converted into estradiol by aromatase , t also acts directly through and... |
urolithiasis is one of the most common urological diseases with various surgical treatments available for its management .
one of most utilized surgical modalities is ureteroscopy ( urs ) with endoscopic stone lithotripsy .
urs , either rigid or flexible , is the treatment of choice for almost all ureteral stones a... | introduction . ureteroscopic lithotripsy ( urs )
although highly effective for the treatment of ureteral stones is associated with certain complications , the more common of which are postoperative fever and infection . in the present study we aimed to evaluate the levels of serum cytokines in patients undergoing ure... |
the assessment of gelatin authentication and origin is of major concern for standards authorities , not only to assist in the prevention of commercial fraud in the food , cosmetic , and pharmaceutical industries [ 1 , 2 ] , but also to help avoid the safety risks derived from diseases among livestock that might be harm... | in electrospray ionization ( esi ) mode , peptides and proteins can be multiply charged ions ; in this situation a doubly charged selected ion ( dcsi ) coupled with mass spectrometry ( ms / ms ) fragments monitoring ( dcsi - ms / ms ) method is the most suitable scanning mode to detect known peptides in complex samples... |
the rising interest in esthetic dentistry by patients over the past decade has led to an increased demand for metal - free restorations in the posterior as well as anterior region25 .
because of their esthetics and biocompatibility , many patients prefer all - ceramic crowns to metal - ceramic crowns . nowadays
, s... | objective : the purpose of this study was to compare the fracture resistance of implant - supported all - ceramic fixed partial dentures , which have three different pontic designs.material and methods : two implants were placed in a metal model simulating mandibular left second premolar and mandibular left second mola... |
in terms of esthetics , the anterior maxillary region in particular contributes to an enhanced smile and self - esteem of patients . to achieve a favorable outcome in periodontal and implant treatment , it is crucial to pay attention to morphological characteristics of periodontal tissue such as buccal bone and soft ti... | objectives : the purpose of this study was to determine buccal bone and soft tissue thicknesses and their correlation in the maxillary anterior region using cone beam computed tomography ( cbct).materials and methods : in this cross sectional study , 330 sound maxillary incisors in 60 patients with a mean age of 37.5 y... |
calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate ( cppd ) deposition in the cervical spine is an unusual cause of cervical spinal cord compression and myelopathy .
retro - odontoideal crystal deposits may lead to acute pseudogout and can be visualized as calcifications that surround the apex of the dens , and is therefore known as c... | study design case report and review of the literature .
objective a retro - odontoid mass is a rare cause of cervical compression and myelopathy .
the differential diagnosis includes the following : metastatic disease , primary tumor , collagen disorder , or inflammatory disease .
calcium pyrophosphate dihydrat... |
tooth size discrepancy ( tsd ) is different among the sizes of the individual teeth . for ideal occlusion
, teeth in both arches should be proportional in size , significant tsds prevent an ideal occlusion being produced at the end of orthodontic treatment .
tooth size analysis was presented by bolton in 1958 , and... | objective : the objective was to evaluate the bolton ratio in a north indian population in lucknow with different malocclusion.materials and methods : totally , 110 study cast [ age : female ( 14.2 1.5 years , male ( 13.9 2.3 years ) ] were taken from the patients undergoing orthodontic treatment and subjects were di... |
nephrotic syndrome has an incidence of three new cases per 100 000 population each year in adults and about 2/100 000 in children .
corticosteroids ( specifically prednisolone [ pdn ] ) form first line of treatment for nephrotic syndrome in children and it is used for prolonged period and sometimes repeatedly for rel... | patients with nephrotic syndrome require steroids for long time and sometimes repeatedly resulting in various adverse effects .
deflazacort ( dfz ) had been described as equally effective and with fewer side effects as compared with other steroids .
this review evaluates the literature on efficacy and toxicity of d... |
one of the causes of sperm dna damage and male infertility is the presence of unbalanced reactive oxygen species ( ros ) .
os occurs when ros production exceeds the body 's own natural antioxidant defences , resulting in cellular damage .
there are three different forms of ros : the primary form of ros including su... | oxidative stress ( os ) plays an essential role in male infertility aetiology by affecting sperm quality , function , and also the integrity of sperm dna .
the assessment of oxidative stress in semen may be an important tool to improve the evaluation of sperm reproductive capacity .
the purpose of this study was th... |
ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ( ohss ) is a potentially life - threatening situation , and thus regarded to be the most serious complication of assisted reproduction treatment ( art ) .
it is characterized by the presence within the ovaries of multiple luteinized cysts , which leads to ovarian enlargement and sec... | type 2 receptors for vascular endothelial growth factor are believed to be involved in the pathophysiology of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome ( ohss ) .
the objective of this study was to examine the preventive effects of cabergoline on ohss and its complications .
the study is a non randomized clinical trial con... |
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