article
stringlengths
0
826k
abstract
stringlengths
174
4.34k
the aging process is associated with heterogeneity and interindividual variability , depending on biological , psychological , social , and economic factors.1 the rate of growth of the elderly population ( persons aged 65 years and above ) in the world is on a continued increase.24 demographic projections indicate that...
backgroundthe objective of the study was to evaluate health aspects in elderly individuals in social , institutional , and home care in poland.methodsa total of 300 elderly individuals in care in poland were included in the study . the subjects were divided into three groups : residents of long - term care institutio...
osteoporosis , a disorder characterized by the progressive loss of bone tissue and microarchitectural deterioration , remains a public health problem and reduces the quality of life for the aging population . it has been estimated that with increasing age , bone mineral density ( bmd ) in women decreases 1 - 2% per y...
osteoporosis and its associated fractures are common complications of aging and most strategies to prevent and/or treat bone loss focused on antiresorptive medications . however , aerobic exercise ( aex ) and/or whole - body vibration ( wbv ) might have beneficial effect on bone mass and provide an alternative approa...
as stated by who , each year over two million people die from diarrheal diseases , many of which are acquired from eating contaminated food from food service . food borne diseases remain responsible for high levels of morbidity and mortality in the general population . the most frequently reported food worker 's er...
introduction : the us centers for disease control and prevention ( usdhhs - cdc 1996 ) revealed that the outbreaks of food borne diseases include inadequate cooking , heating , or re - heating of foods consumption of food from unsafe sources , cooling food inappropriately and allowing too much of a time lapse . as we a...
opuntia vulgaris mill ( sappattukkalli in tamil , nagophema in oriya , family : cactaceae ) is a large succulent shrub common throughout india , found widely in the northern india . various parts of this plant were used in tribal medicine as bitter , laxative , stomachic , c native , antipyretic and cures biliousness...
the in vitro antioxidant activity of stems of opuntia vulgaris mill had been investigated by estimating degree of non - enzymatic haemoglobin glycosylation measured colorimetrically at 520 urn . it was found that benzene and chloroform extract of o. vulgaris had better antioxidant activity than petroleum ether , ethy...
an intubation is called difficult if a conventionally trained anaesthesiologist needs more than three attempts or more than ten minutes for a successful endotracheal intubation . it has been estimated that inability to successfully manage difficult airways has been responsible for as many as 30% of deaths attributabl...
background and aims : diabetic patients are prone for the limited joint mobility syndrome . the atlanto - occipital joint involvement limits adequate extension of head and neck during laryngoscopy making intubation difficult . the collagen glycosylation starts in the fourth and fifth inter - phalangeal joints . t...
atrial fibrillation ( af ) is the most common permanent cardiac arrhythmia with an increased risk of stroke , congestive heart failure and overall mortality . recent studies have shown the superiority of catheter ablation methods compared to antiar - rhythmic drug therapy with an even smaller rate of treatment - rela...
thromboembolic events are known complications of left atrial ablation therapy . we describe a complication which may also lead to systemic thromboembolism that has not been reported so far : the formation of a moving structure attached to the fossa ovalis after an attempted transseptal puncture in a 66-year old patie...
the skeletal muscle is the most abundant tissue in the human body comprising 4050% of body mass . skeletal muscle protein undergoes rapid turnover , which is regulated by the balance between the rates of protein synthesis and degradation . physical activity ( exercise training ) and anabolic hormones and drugs ( spor...
we discuss the functional roles of 2-adrenergic receptors in skeletal muscle hypertrophy and atrophy as well as the adaptive responses of 2-adrenergic receptor expression to anabolic and catabolic conditions . 2-adrenergic receptor stimulation using anabolic drugs...
it is characterized by persistent , progressive limitations in airflow , which are usually associated with enhanced airway and lung - inflammatory responses to noxious particles or gases.1 systemic inflammation is associated with an accelerated decline in lung function , and is heightened during episodes of exacerbatio...
backgroundmuscle wasting and chronic inflammation are predominant features of patients with copd . systemic inflammation is associated with an accelerated decline in lung function . in this study , the prevalence of sarcopenia and the relationships between sarcopenia and systemic inflammations in patients with stable...
the prevalence of childhood obesity continues to increase , and obesity - related adverse conditions , such as high blood pressure , increased left ventricular mass , insulin resistance , and type 2 diabetes , are now being seen in children with increasing frequency [ 2 , 3 ] . the association of obesity with type 2 ...
obese adolescents have high concentrations of saturated fatty acids and low omega-3 long - chain polyunsaturated fatty acids ( lcufas ) in plasma phospholipids . we aimed to investigate effects of omega-3 lcpufa supplementation to obese adolescents on skeletal muscle lipids and glucose and insulin homeostasis . twe...
the current treatment recommendations for patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( opscc ) remain based largely on clinical parameters such as clinical stage and performance status with less emphasis on underlying tumor biology . the current national comprehensive cancer network ( nccn ) treatment guidel...
we evaluated a panel of 8 immunohistochemical biomarkers as predictors of clinical response to definitive intensity - modulated radiotherapy in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma ( opscc ) . 106 patients with opscc were treated to a total dose of 6670 gy and retrospectively analyzed for locoregional...
panic attack is a discrete period of intense fear or discomfort , accompanied by cognitive and physical symptoms of arousal . these include tachycardia , sweating , shortness of breath , chest pressure , choking sensations , dizziness or lightheadedness , depersonalization or derealization , stomach discomfort , and ...
panic disorder with agoraphobia is a psychological disorder . we are presenting a case report of male client , visted as out door patient in the counseling centre of national institute of psychology . client reported the symptoms such as palpitations , pounding heart , accelerated heart rate , sweating , trembling ...
pseudorabies virus ( prv ) is a member of the family herpesviridae , subfamily alphaherpesvirinae and the causative agent of pseudorabies ( pr ) or aujezsky 's disease . infections with prv result in nervous disorders , respiratory distress , weight loss , young piglet death , and abortion . the virus has a doubl...
pseudorabies virus ( prv ) is a double - stranded , dna - based swine virus with a genome approximating 150 kb in size . prv has many nonessential genes which can be replaced with genes encoding heterologous antigens but without deleterious effects on virus propagation . recombinant prvs expressing both native and...
the role of endobronchial ultrasound - guided transbronchial needle aspiration ( ebus - tbna ) in the diagnosis and staging of non - small cell lung cancer has been well established as the first modality of choice . the overall sensitivity and the negative predictive value ( npv ) of ebus - tbna in mediastinal stagin...
background and objectives : endobronchial ultrasound - guided transbronchial needle aspiration ( ebus - tbna ) is a minimally invasive procedure that has a well - established role in the diagnosis and staging of lung cancer . this technology is also widely used for the diagnosis of mediastinal masses and cysts as wel...
the goal of the transition strategy is to ensure a sustained hiv response through an effective transition. this goal thus emphasizes both the need for an effective transition and also the broader purpose which is to sustain impact . the bmgf program team has been actively planning and refining the transition strate...
backgroundsustainability is the holy grail of many development projects , yet there is limited evidence about strategies that effectively support transition of programs from donor funding to national governments . the first phase of avahan , the india aids initiative supported by the bill and melinda gates foundation (...
research describes increasing rates of obesity in women of childbearing age [ 1 , 2 ] . with more than 40% gaining in excess of institute of medicine recommendations , pregnancy is now emerging as an important risk factor for excessive weight gain and an important target for obesity prevention studies . although ...
few studies have investigated if compliance with energy intakes , physical activity , and weight gain guidelines attenuate postpartum weight retention ( ppwr ) in mothers attending prenatal classes . we investigated whether ( a ) daily energy intakes within 300 kcal of estimated energy requirements ( eers ) , ( b ) ...
, over one million people die each year and a similar number are disabled from brain injuries , often with profound effects on the quality of life of the affected individuals and their carers . road traffic crashes account for most of the deaths , and car use is rapidly increasing in many countries . it is estimate...
the global epidemic of head injuries is just beginning . many are caused by road traffic crashes . it is estimated that , by 2020 , road traffic crashes will have moved from its present position of ninth to third in the world disease burden ranking , as measured in disability adjusted life years . in developing cou...
in their january 2013 study , fang et al . reviewed almost 20 years of cases of scientific misconduct reported by the u.s . fang et al . further found that 65% of those who committed misconduct were male and that of the 72 faculty members who committed misconduct , 88% were male . these norms support the possibili...
abstract in their study published in january 2013 in mbio , fang et al . reviewed records from the office of research integrity ( ori ) and found more cases of scientific misconduct committed by men than women , particularly by faculty ( f. c. fang , j. w. bennett , and a. casadevall , mbio 4:13 , 2013 ) . powerful s...
brachytherapy as a boost or monotherapy plays an important role in treating breast cancer [ 1 , 2 ] . in the recent years , accelerated partial breast irradiation ( apbi ) with its 4 - 5 day treatment course has been widely used worldwide to treat early stage breast cancer patients . different techniques are availab...
in the last decades , treatment planning for multicatheter interstitial breast brachytherapy has evolved considerably from fluoroscopy - based 2d to anatomy - based 3d planning . to plan the right positions of the catheters , ultrasound or computed tomography ( ct ) imaging can be used , but the treatment plan is alw...
other than surgery , treatment for crc patients relies primarily on chemotherapy , especially the patients with advanced crc . among the chemotherapeutic agents for crc , 5-fluorouracil ( 5-fu ) , which is a classical chemotherapy agent , has been the first line regimen for treating crc over several decades [ 2 , 3 ]...
dichloroacetate ( dca ) , an inhibitor of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase ( pdk ) , has been recently demonstrated as a promising nontoxic antineoplastic agent that promotes apoptosis of cancer cells . in the present study , we aimed to investigate the antitumor effect of dca combined with 5-fluorouracil ( 5-fu ) on co...
lactoferrin , the transferrin family member , is an iron - binding glycoprotein that displays anti - inflammatory , antibacterial , and immunomodulatory activities . lactoferrin can be secreted by exocrine epithelial cells , and its concentration in normal human serum varies within the range of 27 10g / ml . serum...
objectives . to investigate the role of the igf-1r by which lactoferrin induces osteoblast growth . methods . osteoblast received 5 d lactoferrin intervention at a concentration of 0.1 , 1 , 10 , 100 , and 1000 g / ml , and the igf-1 and igf-1r were detected using rt - pcr and western blot . the osteoblast into t...
late - onset neonatal sepsis due to e. coli infection is a life - threatening condition that frequently progresses to multiple organ failure ( mof ) and carries a high mortality risk . recent data report unfavorable outcomes in almost 50% of affected children [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] . the milestone of septic shock treatment ...
neonatal sepsis due to e. coli is often complicated by multiple organ failure ( mof ) and a high mortality risk . we report the case of a term newborn discharged in good condition who suddenly fell into septic shock after 11 days and required immediate resuscitation , volume expansion and a high - dosage amine infusi...
the data in the proteomexchange archive ( pxd002264 ) provide a novel description of the human pulp proteome and n - terminome as seen by tails n - terminomics . these data were analyzed using four different database search engines , namely mascot , x ! tandem , comet , and ms - gf+ in combination with peptidepro...
the data described here provide the in depth proteomic assessment of the human dental pulp proteome and n - terminome ( eckhard et al . , 2015 ) [ 1 ] . a total of 9 human dental pulps were processed and analyzed by the positional proteomics technique tails ( terminal amine isotopic labeling of substrates ) n - termi...
fungal septic arthritis is a rare disease usually caused by aspergillus species . in most of the cases , it occurs in immunocompromised patients.1 septic arthritis is considered a medical and surgical emergency . delay in treatment can lead to chronic irreversible joint damage and osteomyelitis.2 typically , it aff...
aspergillus septic arthritis is a rare and serious medical and surgical problem . it occurs mainly in immunocompromised patients . aspergillus fumigatus is the most common causative organism followed by aspergillus flavus . the most common site affected is knee followed by shoulder , ankle , wrist , hip and sacro...
cervical cancer is a malignancy that is the second most common cause of death from cancer in women throughout the world and different types of treatment are used for its management ( 1 ) . based on the international federation of gynecology and obstetrics ( figo ) division , cervical cancer is a neoplasia including 4...
objective(s):cervical cancer is a malignancy that is the second most common cause of death from cancer in women throughout the world . paederus beetle ( paederus fuscipes ) extract ( pbe ) , contains bioactive compounds such as pederine which has cytotoxic properties and blocks dna and protein synthesis at very low c...
it was first described by burns ( 1 ) in 1811 , and named " chloroma " by king ( 2 ) in 1853 because of its green color , which is due to the presence of myeloperoxidase enzymes in the immature myeloid cells . this disease usually arises during the course of acute myelogeneous leukemia , although it also occurs infre...
granulocytic sarcoma is a rare extramedullary tumor composed of myeloid progenitor cells . primary involvement of the biliary tract without evidence of leukemia is exceedingly rare . here , we report an isolated biliary granulocytic sarcoma in a 30-yr - old man who presented with jaundice , fever , and chill without ...
oral inhalation ( oi ) is not only the preferred mode of administration of therapeutics intended for the regional delivery to the lungs , but it has also been recognized as a promising route for the noninvasive delivery of drugs through the lungs , as suggested by the many ongoing clinical trials of oi formul...
the purpose of this study was to determine the effect of pegylation on the interaction of poly(amidoamine ) ( pamam ) dendrimer nanocarriers ( dncs ) with in vitro and in vivo models of the pulmonary epithelium . generation-3 pamam dendrimers with varying surface densities of peg 1000 da were synthesized and ...
cd2 + provokes an immediate production of inositol trisphosphate and the release of ca2 + from internal stores in human fibroblasts and some other mammalian cells . ni2 + , co2 + , fe2 + , and mn2 + evoke the release of stored ca2 + , but are less potent than cd2 + ( apparent k0.5 = 40 nm ) . zn2 + and cu2 + compet...
most transcripts encode proteins that contain a ras association domain ( ra ) , an n - terminal c1-type zinc finger , and a c - terminal sarah ( sav rassf hippo ) domain ( [ 813 ] and figure s1a ) . rassf family members , most notably rassf1a , are frequently silenced in a variety of solid tumors , mainly by promote...
summarycorrect organ size is determined by the balance between cell death and proliferation . perturbation of this delicate balance leads to cancer formation [ 1 ] . hippo ( hpo ) , the drosophila ortholog of mst1 and mst2 ( mammalian sterile 20-like 1 and 2 ) is a key regulator of a signaling pathway that control...
the sampling procedure included a random selection of three universities ( peyam noor , islamic azad and tabriz university ) at the undergraduate level in the city tabriz . within the three universities , a total sample size of 300 freshman students with a mean age of 23.6 years ( sd=3.2 years , range=21 to 29 were s...
objectivethe present study examined the psychometric properties of the persian version of the revised cheek and buss shyness scale ( rcbs ) using confirmatory factor analysis among ( n = 300 ) college students.methoda total of 300 undergraduate students participated in this study and completed the revised cheek and bus...
monoamine oxidase a ( mao - a ) has an important role in processes such as monoamine neurotransmitter metabolism and oxidation as well as the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder ( meyer et al , 2006 , 2009 ) , cigarette smoking ( fowler et al , 1996 ) , and aggression ( alia - klein et al , 2008 ) . the mao ...
monoamine oxidase a ( mao - a ) is an important target in the pathophysiology and therapeutics of major depressive disorder , aggression , and neurodegenerative conditions . we measured the effect of changes in mao - a substrate on mao - a binding in regions implicated in affective and neurodegenerative disease with [ ...
the facial nerve ( fn ) is the main anatomical structure that the surgeon should consider in performing a surgical approach to the temporomandibular joint ( tmj ) . preservation of the functional integrity of the fn is a critical measure of success in tmj surgery . impairment of fn function interferes with emotiona...
background : preservation of the functional integrity of the facial nerve ( fn ) is a critical measure of success in temporomandibular joint ( tmj ) surgery . in spite of the development of a myriad of surgical approaches to the tmj , fn remains at risk . the deep subfascial approach provides an additional layer of p...
gastric cancer is the fourth most prevalent malignancy worldwide , and is responsible for the third greatest number of deaths due to cancer . the spread of gastric cancer can occur as a consequence of lymphatic dissemination or by direct invasion of adjacent structures . recurrence of gastric cancer is common , wit...
gastric cancer is a common malignancy with high recurrence rates following surgical resection . a common site of disease recurrence is the peritoneum . we report the case of a 73-year - old female who had previously undergone a total gastrectomy for gastric cancer who presented acutely with features classical of ac...
waste management practices , especially the solid waste , differ significantly for developed and developing countries , for urban and rural areas , and for residential , commercial , and industrial producers . for instance , in ghana , urban domestic waste collection services are often provided by local government au...
the comparative analysis of solid waste management between rural and urban ghana is largely lacking . this study investigated the solid waste situation and the organisation of solid waste management in both urban and rural settings from the perspective of households . the study employed cross - sectional survey cov...
cannabis contains a series of compounds , but it has been found that the major psychoactive ingredient is 9-tetrahydrocannabinol ( thc ) ( mechoulam and gaoni 1967 ) . two selective cannabinoid receptor subtypes have been identified so far ( matsuda et al 1990 ; munro et al 1993 ) , cb1 and cb2 , that are expressed i...
the endocannabinoid system and cannabinoid - based treatments have been involved in a wide number of diseases . in particular , several studies suggest that cannabinoids and endocannabinoids may have a key role in the pathogenesis and therapy of multiple sclerosis ( ms ) . in this study we highlight the main findin...
we report an osteoarthritic patient with huge sub - chondral cyst - like lesions in the anterior part of distal femur . deep and large bone defects and severe lateral laxity due to advanced osteoarthritis was successfully treated with semi - constrained type total knee arthroplasty with long stem . she was posted f...
introduction : we report an osteoarthritic patient with huge sub - chondral cyst - like lesions in the anterior part of distal femur . deep and large bone defects and severe lateral laxity due to advanced osteoarthritis was successfully treated with semi - constrained type total knee arthroplasty with long stem.case re...
the turner syndrome is caused by the absence of 1 set of genes from the short arm of 1 x chromosome and presents with characteristic physical abnormalities such as short stature , amenorrhea due to ovarian failure , retruded mandible , ptosis , low hair line , low - set ears , webbed necks , renal structural anomalies ...
chromosomal translocations constitute one of the most important , yet uncommon , causes of primary amenorrhea and gonadal dysgenesis . although x - autosome translocations are frequently associated with streak gonads and clinical features of the turner syndrome , the majority of x - autosome carriers may present with...
human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) causes incurable disease of adaptative immunodeficiency syndrome ( aids ) , as one of the major global health problems ( 1 , 2 ) . the world health organization ( who ) maintains that more than 35.9 million people worldwide are living with hiv / aids ( 3 ) . the most common source...
background : cell - mediated immunity ( cmi ) by cd4 + th ( t helper)-type cells is the predominant host defense mechanism against oral candidiasis ( oc ) in hiv - infected individuals . weakened cmi and depletion of cd4 + t cells are the main factor contributing to the output of oc in hiv - positive individuals . th...
the process of tissue healing is very complex and involves vascular and cellular changes , epithelial proliferation , fibroblast proliferation , synthesis and deposition of collagen , production of elastin and proteoglycans , revascularization , and wound contraction . the incorporation of laser as a therapeutic tool...
background : the effectiveness of low power lasers on incisional wound healing , because of conflicting results of previous studies , is uncertain . therefore , the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of low - level helium - neon ( he - ne ) laser irradiation on wound healing in rat 's oral mucosa.materials...
pruritus is a common and serious problem among hemodialysis patients.1 a brief literature review showed that pruritus is a problem with a large variation of incident rates between countries as well as between facilities ( 36%50% and 5%75% , respectively).1 in japan , severity of patient - reported pruritus symptoms exp...
introduction and objectivewhile pruritus is a common complication in hemodialysis patients , the pathophysiological mechanisms remain obscure . recently , b - type ( brain ) natriuretic peptide ( bnp ) has been defined as an itch - selective neuropeptide in pruriceptive neurons in mice , and higher serum levels of bn...
breast cancer is a complex disease that results from the most frequent non - skin cancer to affect women a multi - stage process involving the deregulation of worldwide , and remains one of the top public health a number of different signalling cascades . there are about 212,930 new cases of breast cancer diagnosed e...
abstractthe thiazolidinediones ( tzds ) are a class of synthetic antidiabetic drugs exerting its action primarily upon acti - vation of the peroxisome proliferator - activated receptor- ( ppar ) . given the widespread incidence of diabetes type ii and lifelong exposure of these patients to tzds , there is a possibili...
primary lymphoma of the bone ( pbl ) is a rare neoplasm accounting for less than 5% of all malignant bone tumors and almost 7% of all extranodal lymphomas.1 occasionally , it may involve the vertebrae and encroach upon the nerve root , causing claudication and radicular syndrome mimicking spinal stenosis.1 we report a ...
primary bone lymphoma ( pbl ) comprises less than 5% of all malignant bone tumors and almost 7% of all extranodal lymphomas . only 1.7% of all pbls have been reported to involve the vertebrae . in our case , osteomyelitis was accidentally found during surgery , which might have resulted in the rapid collapse of ver...
in the brain , glutamate mediates excitatory synaptic transmission , responsible for learning , memory formation and cognition . glutamate transporters are electrochemically driven pumps that maintain a low neurotransmitter background at glutamatergic synapses , allowing for repeated rounds of signaling and preventin...
summaryglutamate transporters are integral membrane proteins that catalyze neurotransmitter uptake from the synaptic cleft into the cytoplasm of glial cells and neurons1 . their mechanism involves transitions between extracellular- ( outward- ) and intracellular- ( inward- ) facing conformations , whereby substrate b...
proteomics is the use of gel electrophoresis and/or chromatography combined with mass spectrometry ( ms)-based methods to identify and quantify proteins from complex samples , e.g. blood or urine , with the aim of increasing our understanding of the proteins , their function , interactions , expression control and othe...
controlled vocabularies ( cvs ) , i.e. a collection of predefined terms describing a modeling domain , used for the semantic annotation of data , and ontologies are used in structured data formats and databases to avoid inconsistencies in annotation , to have a unique ( and preferably short ) accession number and to gi...
optical coherence tomography ( oct ) based on low coherence interferometry is a well - established imaging technique thanks to its prominent axial resolution . since 2006 , commercially available oct systems perform visualization of tissue microstructure in the so - called fourier domain ( fd - oct ) . differently to t...
this paper presents a novel processing technique which can be applied to corneal in vivo images obtained with optical coherence tomograms across the central meridian of the cornea . the method allows to estimate the thickness of the corneal sublayers ( epithelium , bowman 's layer , stroma , endothelium , and whole c...
chronic diseases are considered as the major public health problems of today s world ( or within contemporary societies ) . diabetes is one of the most important metabolic dysfunctions which is often asymptomatic in the early stages that manifests as chronic hypoglycemia which causes damage to body organs while incre...
background : gestational diabetes ( gd ) is one of the major public health issues . the purpose of the present study was to perform a systematic review and meta - analysis to assess the risk factors and prevalence rate of this disorder in iran.methods:this systematic review and meta- analysis article was prepared using...
the most popular class of models seeking to explain perceptual alternations during binocular rivalry are built on the concepts of mutual inhibition , an idea dating back over a century ( breese , 1899 ) . while the details vary among models , the general idea is that pools of neurons representing possible alternative...
fluctuations in perceptual dominance during binocular rivalry exhibit several hallmark characteristics . first , dominance switches are not periodic but , instead , stochastic : perception changes unpredictably . second , despite being stochastic , average durations of rivalry dominance vary dependent on the streng...
muscle power is defined as high - intensity muscular performance in a short term and is composed of speed and strength . both familial and twin studies suggest that genetic factors in power , speed and strength account for 35%~80% of inter - individual variation [ 6,28 - 30 ] . during the last two decades , there h...
[ purpose]the aim of this study is to examine the association between the distribution of actn3 genotypes and alleles in power , speed , and strength - oriented athletics.[methods]actn3 genotyping was carried out for a total of 975 korean participants : top - level sprinters ( n = 58 ) , top - level strength athletes (...
the antitumor agent bleomycin is the prototypic sequence - selective dna cleaving agent . that property has been studied intensively for decades in the belief that it must form the basis for the antitumor activity of bleomycin ( blm ) . of special interest was the finding of double - strand dna cleavage at ...
clinically used bleomycin a5 has been employed in a study of double - strand cleavage of a library of 10 hairpin dnas originally selected on the basis of their strong binding to bleomycin . each of the dnas underwent double - strand cleavage at more than one site , and all of the cleavage sites were within ...
infection by cytomegalovirus ( cmv ) is not a rare disease and is frequently observed in immunocompromised hosts with hematological / immunological diseases or under treatment with glucocorticoids or immunosuppressants . the majority of patients with cmv infection are asymptomatic or minimally symptomatic , while cmv...
cytomegalovirus ( cmv)-associated gastric ulcers can be found not only in immunocompromised hosts but also in normal individuals . the accurate endoscopic diagnosis of cmv ulcers is not easy because of the absence of characteristic morphological features . we present a case of cmv - associated gastric ulcer in an i...
as a part of the age - associated deterioration of the immune system [ 13 ] , there is a chronic proinflammatory state even in the absence of clinically - apparent disease . inflamm - aging is characterized by elevated circulating levels of proinflammatory factors ( il-1 , il-6 , tnf , and prostaglandin e2 ) and...
here , we studied in vitro cytokine production by splenic macrophages obtained from young and aged balb / c wild type ( wt ) and il-6 knockout ( il-6 ko ) mice . relative to macrophages obtained from young wt mice given lipopolysaccharide ( lps ) , those from aged wt mice had decreased production of proinflammatory c...
advances in biomedical science and technology have brought the hope of survival to more and more children and youth with complex needs . many of them now live into adulthood and function in the community . accordingly ; a growing interest has emerged in the children 's quality of psychosocial life in spite of the c...
purpose . to explore the associations and interactions among ecological factors and explain the psychosocial quality of life of children with complex needs . methods . in this cross - sectional survey consenting parents were identified by the children 's treatment network . families were eligible if the child fro...
prostate cancer has historically been considered a chemotherapy - resistant disease.1,2 however , over the past few decades , with the development of better cytotoxic agents and improved trial designs focused on clinically relevant endpoints , an important role for chemotherapy in the treatment of castration resistant ...
castration resistant prostate cancer has historically been considered chemotherapy insensitive . however , the approval of estramustine phosphate , mitoxantrone , and docetaxel , over the past few decades , has challenged this notion . despite these advances , until recently , only docetaxel had been shown to improve s...
the innate immune system or the nonspecific immune system is the first and the oldest line of defense in organisms [ 1 , 2 ] . it was the most dominant form of immunity before the evolution of the more sophisticated adaptive immunity . it is comprised of various mechanisms which are responsible for rapid defense of...
lactoferrin is a multifunctional , iron - binding glycoprotein which displays a wide array of modes of action to execute its primary antimicrobial function . it contains various antimicrobial peptides which are released upon its hydrolysis by proteases . these peptides display a similarity with the antimicrobial ca...
primary lung leiomyosarcoma is a rare malignant tumor , arising from the smooth muscle of the bronchi , bronchioles or bronchial arterioles occurs in adults . the endobronchial form is exceptional in that only 14 patients older than 20 years have been reported . we report two cases of primary endobronchial leiomyos...
primary leiomyosarcoma of the lung is an unusual malignant tumor . among this entity , the endobronchial form is very rare and the preoperative diagnosis is extremely difficult . we present two different presentations and outcomes of primary endobronchial leiomyosarcoma of the lung . in both cases , the histologi...
endometrial carcinoma is one of the most common gynecologic malignancies . although it is primarily a disease of postmenopausal women , 25% of patients are in the premenopausal period , and 3 - 5% are < 40 years of age . obesity and chronic anovulation are major risk factors of endometrial carcinoma in young women [ ...
a 20-year - old obese thai woman with polycystic ovary syndrome and clinical stage i well - differentiated endometrial carcinoma denied surgical staging . chest x - ray and magnetic resonance imaging of the whole abdomen suggested neither distance metastasis nor local invasion of the cancer . after 3 months of syst...
worldwide , there is a consensus that low - and middle - income countries are passing through an epidemiological transition . the pattern of childhood mortality and morbidity is changing from infectious diseases to noncommunicable diseases and injuries in these countries . although , childhood injuries are a major ...
introduction . the paper aims to explore the magnitude and distribution of unintentional injuries among bangladeshi children ( < 18 years ) . methodology . a cross sectional survey was conducted during 2003 ( january to december ) in 12 randomly selected districts and dhaka metropolitan city of bangladesh . nationa...
empd is an intraepithelial adenocarcinoma characterized by a chronic eczema - like rash and/or dermatophyte infection - like lesion mainly in the external genital and axillary regions . empd in its early stage is usually not invasive and metastatic ; therefore , it is simply treated by surgical excision . however , o...
extramammary paget 's disease ( empd ) is an uncommon cutaneous adenocarcinoma arising from the apocrine glands within the epidermis or underlying skin appendages in the anogenital and axillary regions . surgical excision is basically performed as a treatment for empd . however , therapeutic options for empd in an ad...
a 44-year - old lady presented to us with complaints of dull aching continuous pain in the right flank region for 1 year . she had intermittent acute exacerbations of pain associated with nausea / vomiting requiring hospitalization for pain relief . there was no associated fever , hematuria , lithuria , or lower ur...
schwannoma is a benign soft tissue tumor of neural origin arising from the schwann cells of the neural sheath . it has rarely been reported in renal or perirenal region . the preoperative diagnosis has mostly been confused with renal cell carcinoma in this location in most previous reports . we report a case that...
histone proteins package eukaryotic dna into chromatin , a multilevel array in which nucleosomes comprise the basic unit . the nucleosome consists of a core , ~147 base pairs ( bp ) wrapped around a histone octamer in 1.67 left - handed turns , in addition to a variable length of linker dna . by influencing dna site ...
high mobility group n proteins ( hmgns ) bind specifically to the nucleosome core and act as chromatin unfolding and activating factors . using an all - xenopus system , we found that hmgn1 and hmgn2 binding to nucleosomes results in distinct ion - dependent conformation and stability . hmgn2 association with nucle...
calciphylaxis is characterized by painful , necrotic ulcerations that often manifest in small to medium sized arteries ( < 0.6-mm diameter ) . the most commonly affected sites are the lower extremities but reports of calciphylaxis occurring in hands , fingers , tongue , abdomen , and buttocks have also been noted . ...
calciphylaxis or uremic arteriolopathy is a complex process typically seen in patients with end - stage renal disease , but has also been reported in patients with normal renal function . however , therapies for calciphylaxis are based on reports of traditional patients ( i.e. , end - stage renal disease ) . a main...
dental anomalies that might affect the size , shape , or number of teeth are often detected during a routine clinical examination or incidentally . early detection and diagnosis of such anomalies are essential for proper management and treatment to prevent future clinical problems and complications . a supernumerar...
objective : there is no data specific to the qatari population on the prevalence and distribution of hyperdontia . the aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and distribution of hyperdontia in the permanent teeth among a group of qatari sample and to compare the present results with findings from other p...
treatment with vitamin k antagonists ( vka ) is complex and requires frequent analytical work - ups and visits to monitor the international normalized ratio ( inr ) . this treatment can affect patients ' assessment of health - related quality of life ( hrqol ) in that it requires changes in lifestyle and not provide ...
new oral anticoagulants ( noac ) have demonstrated their efficacy as an alternative to vitamin k antagonists ( vka ) in the prophylaxis of cardioembolic events in patients with atrial fibrillation ( af ) . however , evidence on the benefits of noac in health - related quality of life ( hrqol ) is lacking.we evaluated...
meckel 's diverticulum ( md ) is a true diverticulum that develops from the incomplete obliteration of the omphalomesenteric duct during embryonic development . the common complications caused by md include hemorrhage associated with peptic ulceration from heterotopic gastric mucosa located within the diverticulum an...
meckel 's diverticulum ( md ) is a common congenital anomaly of the gastrointestinal tract , the majority of cases of which are clinically silent . patients with asymptomatic md can unexpectedly develop acute abdominal pain . making a diagnosis of md is often difficult due to the lack of specific symptoms caused by...
kasabach - merritt syndrome ( kms ) describes a consumptive coagulopathy associated with certain vascular tumors . it is thought that platelets are destroyed as they circulate through the aberrant endothelial surfaces associated with these tumors . most published literature describes infants with kaposiform hemangi...
over the past decades , improvements have been made in the design and hemodynamics of mechanical valve prostheses in order to reduce valve dysfunction and increase durability . however , prosthetic stenosis due to thrombus or pannus is still one of the most frequent complications and it can be severe , evolving into ca...
pannus - related prosthetic valve dysfunction , a complication of mechanical prosthetic valve replacement , is rare , with a slowly progressive evolution , but it can be acute , severe , requiring surgical reintervention . we present the case of a patient with a mechanical single disc aortic prosthesis , with moderat...
in 2001 , the default mode network ( dmn ) was first proposed as an interconnected set of brain regions that is active when the brain is in a resting state and typically deactivated during memory encoding and other cognitively demanding tasks focused on processing of external stimuli . the dmn includes the dorsal and...
the spatial correlations between the brain 's default mode network ( dmn ) and the brain regions known to develop pathophysiology in alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) have recently attracted much attention . in this paper , we compare results of different functional and structural imaging modalities , including mri and pet ,...
adolescents with type 1 diabetes were eligible for this study if they did not have a major psychiatric / neurocognitive disorder that would inhibit ability to participate , a significant medical disease other than type 1 diabetes , or the inability to read or understand english . at the northeastern clinical site , a...
objectiveto determine whether the association between depressive symptoms and glycemic control is mediated by blood glucose monitoring ( bgm).research design and methodsa total of 276 adolescents with type 1 diabetes ( mean age sd , 15.6 1.4 years ) completed a measure of depressive symptoms . sociodemographic and ...
the american heart association reports that one in five americans over the age of 40 will develop congestive heart failure ( chf ) . this common clinical syndrome is among the top diagnostic - related groups ( drgs ) , and is a leading cause of hospitalizations and rehospitalization in industrialized countr...
an estimated 5 million americans have congestive heart failure ( chf ) and one in five over the age of 40 will develop chf . there are numerous examples of chf patients living beyond the years normally expected for people with the disease , usually attributed to taking an active role in disease management . a relat...
desmosomes and fasciae adhaerentes ( sing . , fascia adhaerens ) , the latter also termed adherens junctions are responsible for cell cell adhesion and are often subsumed under the collective term adhering junctions . in various epithelia , like in the multistratified skin epithelium , desmosomes , and adherens juncti...
in contrast to epithelial cells , cardiomyocytes are connected by complex hybrid - type adhering junctions , termed composite junctions ( areae compositae ) . composite junctions are found to be composed of typical desmosomal as well as adherens junction proteins . therefore , in adult mammalian cardiomyocytes desm...
the annual occurrence of malignant melanoma has been dramatically increasing over the past few decades , and the exposure to ultraviolet light is assumed to be a major risk factor . other risk factors including the high number of typical melanocytic nevi , presence of atypical nevi , personal history of melanoma , an...
melanocytic nevus is the benign proliferation of melanocytes . the most common location of melanocytic nevus is the skin of the extremities ; however , there are few case reports of melanocytic nevus at the rectal mucosa . no prior case of malignant melanoma from melanocytic nevus at the rectal mucosa has been repo...
unified , structured vocabularies and classifications freely provided by the gene ontology ( go ) consortium ( ) are widely accepted in most of the large scale gene annotation projects . three ontologies ( molecular function , biological process and cellular component ) were developed to represent common and basic bi...
unified , structured vocabularies and classifications freely provided by the gene ontology ( go ) consortium are widely accepted in most of the large scale gene annotation projects . consequently , many tools have been created for use with the go ontologies . wego ( web gene ontology annotation plot ) is a simple b...
heat - shock proteins are a highly conserved family of molecular chaperones that facilitate the folding , stability , and cellular localization of their substrate proteins . up - regulation of the pathways associated with the heat - shock response has been implicated in a number of disease areas , including...
hsp70 is a molecular chaperone and a key component of the heat - shock response . because of its proposed importance in oncology , this protein has become a popular target for drug discovery , efforts which have as yet brought little success . this study demonstrates that adenosine - derived hsp70 inhibit...
in mammalian organisms , the circadian machinery ( ie , the biological time - keeping mechanisms which maintain 24-hour oscillations in cellular and physiological processes ) is organized as a hierarchical , interconnected network of clocks . the peripheral clocks are distributed across all cells and need to be synch...
the feeding and fasting cycles are strong behavioral signals that entrain biological rhythms of the periphery . the feeding rhythms synchronize the activities of the metabolic organs , such as liver , synergistically with the light / dark cycle primarily entraining the suprachiasmatic nucleus . the likely phase mis...
avaliar a prevalncia da experimentao de cigarro em adolescentes com asma ou de rinite alrgica . estudo transversal envolvendo escolares com 13 - 14 anos de idade na cidade de belo horizonte ( mg ) . os escolares preencheram os questionrios do centers for disease control and prevention e do international study of as...
objective : to determine the prevalence of smoking experimentation among adolescents with asthma or allergic rhinitis . methods : this was a cross - sectional study involving adolescent students ( 13 - 14 years of age ) in the city of belo horizonte , brazil . the participants completed the centers for disease contro...
the reconstruction of the elbow area is always a challenge in the field of plastic surgery . a very soft skin is covering noble anatomical tissues that include the brachial , radial and ulnar arteries as well as the ulnar , radial and median nerves [ 13 ] . moreover , the elbow joint is very sensitive to trauma a...
covering the elbow soft tissue defects is a difficult task for the plastic surgeon . because of , the important anatomical structures situated superficially and the high tendency for stiffness of the elbow , the reconstructive method must be chosen carefully . traditionally the free flaps were the choice method for...
colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection ( c - esd ) is a promising , minimally invasive treatment developed as an alternative to surgery . however , this may result in the creation of a large mucosal defect , which sometimes causes adverse events ( aes ) , such as bleeding , perforation , and electrocoagulation s...
background and study aims complete closure of large mucosal defects after colorectal endoscopic submucosal dissection ( c - esd ) is considered impossible in most cases because of the limited width of the open clip . we therefore invented a simple closure technique using clip - and - line , named line - assisted co...
the study was conducted in 2 health care and demographic surveillance sites in hanoi province , vietnam : ba vi district ( rural ) and dong da district ( urban ) . each site contained 11,000 households that were selected by cluster sampling to represent the district population ( 12 ) . this study was approved by et...
we assessed consumption of raw pig blood , which is a risk factor for streptococcus suis infection in vietnam , by using a mix - method design . factors associated with consumption included rural residency , age , sex , occupation , income , and marital status . we identified risk groups and practices and perceptio...
celiac disease ( cd ) , or gluten - sensitive enteropathy ( gse ) , is an autoimmune disorder characterized by reversible small bowel mucosal inflammation with villous atrophy affecting patients with a specific genetic predisposition ( hla dr3-dq2 and hla dr4-dq8 ) . the mucosal lesion develops after ingestion of die...
this communication reviews recent literature and summarizes hepatobiliary abnormalities that may complicate the clinical course of celiac disease . a wide spectrum of hepatobiliary diseases has been described , including asymptomatic elevations of liver enzyme levels , nonspecific hepatitis , nonalcoholic fatty liver...
idiopathic nephrotic syndrome ( ins ) is defined by altered permselectivity of the glomerular filter associated with non - specific histological abnormalities of the kidney ( 1 , 2 ) . it is the most common type of nephrotic syndrome ( ns ) in children worldwide as compared to hereditary or secondary types . its in...
introductionimmunosuppressive agents are recommended for the management of children with steroid - resistant ( srns ) , frequently - relapsing ( frns ) , and steroid - dependent idiopathic nephrotic syndrome ( sdns ) . this study evaluated the efficacy of immunosuppressive agents in these cases.methodsthis is a retro...
thirty years ago virtually nothing was known of the genetics of the retina , and none of the genes responsible for any of the various inherited pathologies of the retina in man had been identified . but since 1980 a veritable zoo of more than 200 genes causing human retinal pathologies ( retnet , http://www.sph.uth.t...
despite the intensity of the search for genes causing inherited retinal degenerations over the past 3 decades , of the approximately 200 disease genes identified to date , all appear to be ordinary housekeeping genes specifying proteins playing basic structural and functional roles in the mature photoreceptor cells . n...
word frequency is the most important variable in predicting word processing efficiency : high - frequency words are processed faster than low - frequency words , as measured , for instance , with lexical decision and word naming . in recent years , however , it has become clear that not all word frequency estimates are...
in this perspective article we assess the usefulness of google 's new word frequencies for word recognition research ( lexical decision and word naming ) . we find that , despite the massive corpus on which the google estimates are based ( 131 billion words from books published in the united states alone ) , the goog...
cancer caused 7.6 million deaths in 2008 , and it is estimated that it will cause 13.1 million deaths in 2030 ( globocan 2008 , iarc ) . accordingly , the cancer drug market is rapidly evolving to keep up with the increasing numbers of cancer patients . interestingly , 18% of all global sales of the top 100 drugs ,...
cancer remains a lethal disease , and many scientists are currently trying to develop more effective therapies . natural compounds are potential sources of anti - cancer therapies and are obtained from diverse sources including marine organisms , microorganisms and plants . in this paper , we evaluated natural compou...
mental retardation is a constant state of regression and inadequacy in effective adaptive behaviours that arises as a result of ongoing senescence , discontinuation and regression in development and functionality due to various reasons before birth , during birth and after birth . according to the world health organisa...
background : the study was carried out with the aim of determining the factors affecting and to evaluate anxiety situations and self - esteem of children with and without mentally retarded siblings.materials and methods : the sampling included 227 healthy children : 108 of them have mental retarded sibling and 119 of t...
in the following section it will be seen that we do not yet understand what determines the gravitational potentials within the universe on scales from galaxies upwards . one suggestion is that the universe is full of material that does not emit electromagnetic radiation and which is thus hard to see. there are a tr...
there is now an enormously rich variety of experimental techniques being brought to bear on experimental searches for dark matter , covering a wide range of suggested forms for it . the existence of dark matter , in some form or other , is inferred from a number of relatively simple observations and the problem has...
fasting in the holy month of ramadan is one of the five pillars of islam . individuals must refrain from eating , drinking , and using oral medication between dawn and sunset . depending on the season and geographic setting , the duration of the daily fast may range from 12 to 20 h. ramadan fasting has several pote...
background and objective : studies have shown that pre - ramadan structured educational program for patients with diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is beneficial . in this study , our aim was to evaluate the degree of adherence of treating physicians to such programs and their influence on the patient 's knowledge and behavio...
dexmedetomidine ( dex ) is a 2 adrenoceptor ( 2-ar ) agonist and has been widely used in clinical anesthesia and intensive care units ( icu ) because of its sedative and analgesic effects . emily et al . found that dex at low concentration ( 10 to 310 m ) has a vascular relaxation effect , while dex at higher conce...
backgroundstudies in vivo have shown that dexmedetomidine ( dex ) could protect the myocardium and modulate the coronary blood flow . this study aimed to investigate the direct and concentration - dependent effects of dex on the tone of porcine coronary artery in vitro and the underlying mechanisms.material/methodsdi...
it is an opportunistic fungal infection that is caused by normal saprobic organisms of the class zygomycetes including such genera as mucor , absidia , rhizopus and cunninghamella . numerous spores may be liberated into the air and inhaled by human hosts , from where it can spread to the brain . infection commonly ...
mucormycosis is a rare opportunistic infection caused by fungus belonging to the order mucorales . a case of a controlled diabetic male with rhino maxillary mucormycosis , with cerebral extension , is described . the patient presented with hemifacial swelling , a nasal twang in his voice , fever , ocular signs , gr...
improved outcome in the treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer ( larc ) is related to the introduction of total mesorectal excision ( tme ) and neoadjuvant treatment [ 13 ] . in locally advanced rectal cancer ( larc ) the use of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ( crt ) reduces locoregional recurrence and can lead t...
goal . to evaluate the prognostic value of mandard and dworak grading systems regarding neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy ( crt ) response on rectal cancer . materials and methods . we queried our center 's database for patients with colo rectal cancer with locally advanced rectal cancer ( larc ) who received neoadjuva...
information literacy is the ability to recognize the need for information , locate relevant information , evaluate information , and use information in an ethical way ( 1 , 2 , 25 ) . it is crucial that undergraduate biology students develop information literacy and scientific writing skills early in their undergradu...
many undergraduate students lack a sound understanding of information literacy . the skills that comprise information literacy are particularly important when combined with scientific writing for biology majors as they are the foundation skills necessary to complete upper - division biology course assignments , better ...
host systems that can spontaneously self - assemble and stably encapsulate guest molecules under one set of conditions , but disassemble and release the guest molecules when external conditions change , have been of great interest in supramolecular chemistry due to implications in a variety of biomedical appl...
we use monodisperse dendrons that allow control over functional group presentation to investigate the influence of the location of a ligand on protein - induced disassembly and release of encapsulated small molecules . based on both experiments and molecular dynamics simulations , we demonstrate that ligand...
postural anomalies are widespread and are exhibited by people of all demographics . while commonly attributed to lack of physical activity , poor posture is especially prominent in individuals who spend long periods of time sitting at a desk or computer , as is necessary with many jobs in developed countries1,2,3...
[ purpose ] to determine the intra- and inter - rater agreement of a mobile application , posturescreen mobile ( psm ) , that assesses static standing posture . [ subjects and methods ] three examiners with different levels of experience of assessing posture , one licensed physical therapist and two untrained u...
cervical mediastinoscopy can provide minimally invasive access to the para - tracheobronchial mediastinum within its reachable range , but its operability is substantially limited because of its narrow operative field , poor visualisation , and one - handed operation . the invention of the linder - dahan video medias...
highlightsschwannoma / parathyroid cyst was resected using linder - dahan video mediastinoscope.resection with video , spreadable blades , and a scope - holding device was excellent.linder-dahan video mediastinoscopy improves safety , preciseness , and operability.linder-dahan video mediastinoscopy has similar invasive...
obesity and osteoporosis are two important and growing public health problems worldwide [ 13 ] , and osteoporotic fractures are among the main concerns of elderly population . low bone mineral density ( bmd ) is a major risk factor for osteoporosis and its related fractures . relationship between body mass index ( bm...
objective . although several studies have investigated the association between body mass index ( bmi ) and bone mineral density ( bmd ) , the results are inconsistent . the aim of this study was to further investigate the relation between bmi , weight and bmd in an iranian men population . methods . a total of 230 ...
the association between smoking and periodontal disease has consistently demonstrated negative effects and greater probabilities of established periodontal disease among smokers in comparison with non - smokers . as we get closer to the effects , it has been established that smoking is a significant risk factor in th...
objective : smoking is detrimental to gingival and periodontal health . it has been reported to produce changes in gingival crevicular fluid ( gcf ) flow , but the cumulative effects of smoking on gcf have not been studied till date . the present study was designed to discover and evaluate transitional dynamics , if ...
post - exercise hypotension ( peh ) is characterized by a blood pressure ( bp ) value that is lower than the pre - exercise value that persists for minutes or hours after an exercise session.1 although the first report on peh2 was published over 100 years ago , systematic investigations of this phenomenon did not begin...
background : several studies have reported the phenomenon of post - exercise hypotension . however , the factors that cause this drop in blood pressure after a single exercise session are still unknown.objective:to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on the acute blood pressure response and to investigate the i...
glomangiopericytoma is a sinonasal type hemangiopericytoma that accounts for less than 0.5% of all sinonasal tumors . histologically , this tumor is composed of very diffuse subepithelial proliferation of closely - packed spindle cells growing in various patterns . immunohistochemical staining reveals a strong posi...
a 60-year - old woman suffered from recurrent femur neck fracture . laboratory data showed serum hypophosphatemia , elevated alkaline phosphatase , normal serum calcium levels , and normal parathyroid hormone levels . radiological examinations revealed a tumor in the right maxillary alveolar bone . the nasal cavi...
in fact , it is a worldwide problem that is growing in unprecedented dimensions . globally , , it was estimated that over 171,000 canadian 's faced a new diagnosis of cancer and a staggering 75,300 canadians died of cancer . the growing number of individuals diagnosed with cancer is primarily related to the increasin...
having enough staff to provide high - quality care to cancer patients will become a growing issue across canada over the next decades . statistical predictions indicate that both the number of new diagnoses and the prevalence of cancer will increase dramatically in the next two decades . when combining these trends...
the importance of adenosine and atp in regulating many biological functions has long been recognized , especially for their effects on the cardiovascular system [ 1 - 5 ] . it is known that adenosine and atp are key factors in the regulation of coronary blood flow , inhibition of platelet aggregation , protection of ...
objective : to study the effect of exercise preconditioning on adenosine 5triphosphate ( atp ) metabolism in red blood cells and cardiovascular protection against injury induced by isoproterenol in vivo . methods : male sprague dawley rats ( sdr ) were each exercised on a treadmill for 15 minutes at 10 m / min and 10...
since 1998 , thirteen complete rickettsia genome sequences have been reported ( www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/genbank/index.html ) . in addition , the national center for biotechnology information ( ncbi ) genome project for r. japonica strain yh has recently concluded ( project i d 38487 ) . results of this project show spec...
we developed a specific and rapid detection system for rickettsia japonica and r. heilongjiangensis , the causative agents of spotted fever , using a taqman minor groove binder probe for a particular open reading frame ( orf ) identified by the r. japonica genome project . the target orf was present only in r. japoni...
the au nanowires were fabricated by electrodeposition into nanoporous alumina templates in a three - electrode set up 30 . a thick cu layer ( ~ 2 m ) sputtered at the back of the template served as the working electrode , ag / agcl served as a reference electrode , and a pt mesh served as counter electrode . a dc vol...
precise delivery of molecular doses of biologically active chemicals to a pre - specified single cell among many , or a specific sub - cellular location , is still a largely unmet challenge hampering our understanding of cell biology . overcoming this could allow unprecedented levels of cell manipulation and targeted...