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. are tick - transmitted , intracellular , hemoprotozoan parasites that cause anorexia , fever , anemia , and icterus . bovine theileriosis caused by t. sergenti is a major source of economic losses in grazing cattle in japan and korea . in korea ,
infected cattle suffer from chronic anemia owing to intra - erythrocy... | piroplasms are tick - transmitted , intracellular , hemoprotozoan parasites that cause anorexia , fever , anemia , and icterus .
theileriosis is caused by theileria sergenti and causes major economic losses in grazing cattle in japan and korea . in may 2003
, we examined the antigenic diversity of the major piropla... |
odontogenic cysts arise from proliferation of the odontogenic cell rests such as the epithelial cells of malassez and cell rests of serres in jaws .
odontogenic cysts are categorized into two groups of inflammatory and developmental cysts based on the pathologic process of occurrence ( 1 - 3 ) .
odontogenic cysts a... | background : early diagnosis of odontogenic cysts due to their silent progression is always a challenging problem for clinicians.objectives:the current study aimed to evaluate the frequency of odontogenic cysts and related factors in a selected iranian population.patients and methods : the current cross - sectional stu... |
computer - aided virtual
screening ( vs ) represents a powerful in
silico technique to discover new bioactive compounds , providing solutions
to many high - throughput screening ( hts ) problems , such as time and
cost , by suggesting what type of compounds should be used for hts
procedures , even when no ini... | hsp90 continues to be an important
target for pharmaceutical discovery .
in this project ,
virtual screening ( vs ) for novel hsp90 inhibitors
was performed using a combination of autodock and surflex - sim ( lb )
scoring functions with the predictive ability of 3-d qsar models ,
previously generated with t... |
our institutional review board approved this study and all the patients provided us with their written informed consent .
the patients ' ages ranged from 30 - 80 years ( 15 men and 7 women ; mean age = 60.4 years ) . from january 2006 to december 2006 , 91 patients suspected of having non - small cell lung cancer on ... | objectivewe wanted to determine the clinical feasibility of using non - breath - hold real - time mr - echo imaging for the evaluation of mediastinal and chest wall tumor invasion.materials and methodsmr - echo imaging was prospectively applied to 45 structures in 22 patients who had non - small cell lung cancer when t... |
human schistosomiasis is a disease caused by any of 5 species of trematodes , the blood flukes , in the genus schistosoma , and infections are acquired by contact with freshwater containing parasite larvae .
world health organization ( who ) estimates that over 237 million people required treatment for schistosomiasi... | the objective of this study was to carry out a community survey on schistosomiais and soil - transmitted helminth ( sth ) infections in order to suggest feasible and effective intervention strategies in lake victoria basin , tanzania .
a total of 37 communities selected from 23 districts of the 4 regions in the lake ... |
from september 2001 to april 2006 , 26 patients presenting with metastatic axillary lymph nodes and without any clinical evidence of breast cancer visited our hospital . in 11 cases ,
primary breast cancers were detected in the ipsilateral breasts by mammography ( n = 3 ) or us ( n = 7 ) or both ( n = 1 ) .
two cas... | objectivewe wanted to investigate the ability of breast mr imaging to identify the primary malignancy in patients with axillary lymph node metastases and initially negative mammography and sonography , and we correlated those results with the conventional imaging.materials and methodsfrom september 2001 to april 2006 ,... |
epilepsy is one of the most prevalent noncommunicable neurologic conditions and an important cause of disability and mortality .
diet has been demonstrated to be an effective treatment in the management of seizure disorders .
there is evidence suggesting that dietary omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( n-3 pufa )... | background : there is considerable evidence which suggests that omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids may have a potential use in the treatment of epilepsy.aim:the study was to investigate the effect of omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acids ( as fish oil supplementation ) in reducing the frequency and severity of epileptic... |
natural killer ( nk ) cells are the front - line troops of the immune system that help to keep you alive while your body marshals a specific response to viruses or malignant cells .
they constitute about 10% of circulating lymphocytes and are on patrol constantly , always on the look - out for virus - infected or t... | allotransplantation of natural killer ( nk ) cells has been shown to be a key factor in the control and cure of at least some hematologic diseases , such as acute myeloid leukemia or pediatric acute lymphocytic leukemia .
these results support the idea that stimulation of nk cells could be an important therapeutic to... |
in thoracolumbar fractures , the choice between conservative or surgical treatment and the final outcome depend on several factors : type of fracture , presence of neurological impairment , the patient s general condition and comorbidities , and associated injuries [ 1 , 2 ] .
conservative treatment , especially bed ... | hazards and potential complications associated with pedicle screw insertions have been reported .
in contrast , complications due to implant removal are rarely described .
an unreported case of acute vertebral body compression fracture following pedicle screw removal in a young man occurred during an episode of for... |
dengue fever is a severe flu - like illness that affects the infants , children , adolescents , and adults . the disease is transmitted among humans by the mosquito aedes aegypti and is seen mostly in the rainy season
. the etiologies by which dengue is caused have been hypothesized and are as follows :
viral repli... | one of the major health hazards which is prevalent and dangerous is the dengue fever which causes the death of many people .
this may be associated with a variety of mucocutaneous manifestations which may be of help in early diagnosis .
many biochemical assays and hematological investigations may aid in the further... |
we show that dna - based self - assembly can serve as a general and
flexible tool to construct artificial flagella of several micrometers
in length and only tens of nanometers in diameter . by attaching the
dna flagella to biocompatible magnetic microparticles
, we provide
a proof of concept demonstration of ... | |
warfarin therapy is problematic due to a narrow therapeutic index and frequent bleeding complications ( 1 - 5 ) . due to
the significant interpatient variability for warfarin sensitivity , estimation of the optimal warfarin dose for each patient is difficult .
the prolongation of the prothrombin time ( pt ) remains... | we report a case of intolerance to warfarin dosing due to impaired drug metabolism in a patient with cyp2c9 * 3/*4 . a 73-yr - old woman with atrial fibrilation was taking warfarin .
she attained a high prothrombin time international normalized ratio ( inr ) at the standard doses during the induction of anticoagulati... |
group a streptococcus ( gas , otherwise known as streptococcus pyogenes ) is one of the most important causes of infectious disease morbidity and mortality , with an estimated prevalence of severe disease of at least 18.1 million cases leading to more than 500,000 deaths annually .
much of the burden exists in less d... | group a streptococcus ( gas ) is known to cause a broad spectrum of illness , from pharyngitis and impetigo , to autoimmune sequelae such as rheumatic heart disease , and invasive diseases .
it is a significant cause of infectious disease morbidity and mortality worldwide , but no efficacious vaccine is currently ava... |
it is now accepted that for a normal pregnancy to occur , the maternal immune system must be rendered more tolerant towards the semiallogeneic fetus .
the required changes must ultimately result in controlled modulation of the uterine natural killer ( unk ) cells that represent the most abundant cell population at th... | increased peripheral blood - activated nk cell counts are associated with increased risk of miscarriage and failed in vitro fertilization treatment .
however , assessment of activated peripheral nk cells in normal and pathological pregnancies beyond implantation and early miscarriage has not been described .
total ... |
brain disorders are major contributors to morbidity , disability , and premature mortality in many developed and developing countries worldwide . every year , over
one - quarter of adult americans are diagnosed with a mental illness , such as major depressive disorder ( mdd ) , post - traumatic stress disorder ( ptsd... | assessing the structural integrity of the hippocampus ( hc ) is an essential step toward prevention , diagnosis , and follow - up of various brain disorders due to the implication of the structural changes of the hc in those disorders . in this respect , the development of automatic segmentation methods that can accura... |
the third international seminar on reducing burden of traffic accidents , compared to previous two seminars had witnessed more problem oriented research on this important issue .
presence of policy makers , executive bodies along with academician led to a great success and their cooperation had immediate impact on th... | iran has had incremental incidence of traffic accident mortality since introduction of mechanization about a century ago .
but the newest data from iran show decrease in the absolute number of deaths , death per 10,000 vehicles and death per 100 , 000 populations . despite its huge impact on health and economy , rese... |
the corynebacterium genus was created to include the pathogenic species corynebacterium diphtheriae , the causative agent of diphtheria 1 .
currently , approximately 90 species with various lifestyles comprise this genus , including human , animal and plant pathogens 2 .
the species corynebacterium renale , a bacte... | the species corynebacterium renale , corynebacterium pilosum , and corynebacterium cystitidis were initially thought to be the same species c. renale , but with different immunological types .
these bacteria are the causative agent of cystitis , urethritis and pyelonephritis and are found usually as constituents of t... |
according to the current state of knowledge , control of food intake behaviour and energy homeostasis particularly relies on the complex interactions between various humoral components indicating the actual metabolic state of the organism . as a well - established hypothesis in the context of appetite regulation , the ... | food intake behaviour and energy homeostasis are strongly regulated by a complex system of humoral factors and nerval structures constituting the brain - gut - axis .
to date the only known peripherally produced and centrally acting peptide that stimulates food intake is ghrelin , which is mainly synthesized in the s... |
haematopoiesis is the process whereby haematopoietic stem cells ( hscs ) differentiate into at least 14 types of mature blood cells , all of which have distinct microscopic appearance and perform different essential functions . like other stem cells ,
hscs possess the capacity for multi - lineage differentiation and ... | haematopoiesis is the process whereby blood stem cells give rise to at least fourteen functionally distinct mature cell types , and represents the best characterized mammalian adult stem cell system .
here we introduce the bloodexpress database , the first public resource integrating mouse blood cell expression profi... |
leukocyte adhesion deficiency type i ( lad - i ) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder with usual described incidence of 1 in 1 million .
overall about 300 cases have been reported until date with very few cases in newborn .
lad - i is characterized by delayed separation of the umbilical cord at birth , persistent... | leukocyte adhesion deficiency type i is an extremely serious and rare form of congenital immunodeficiency with recurrent episodes of infection since neonatal period .
it is usually diagnosed in childhood , but if diagnosed early in neonatal period then definitive treatment can be instituted early with promising resul... |
bacterial strains and culture condition b . garinii
strain g1 was originally isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of a lyme
disease patient and is highly susceptible to complement - mediated killing
in vitro ( 7 ) .
borrelia were grown at 33 c for 56 days up to cell
densities of 1 10 ml in modified
... | borrelia burgdorferi , the etiologic agent of lyme disease , employs
sophisticated means to evade killing by its mammalian hosts .
one important
immune escape mechanism is the inhibition of complement activation mediated by
interactions of the host - derived immune regulators factor h ( cfh ) and factor
h... |
to report an eye with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy ( pcv ) and a choroidal nevus .
a healthy 69-year - old woman was referred to the osaka university hospital with a diagnosis of a macular tumor .
her best - corrected visual acuity ( bcva ) was 20/20 in both eyes , and the intraocular pressure was 18 mm hg ... | purposeto report an eye with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy ( pcv ) and a choroidal nevus.methodsthis is an observational case report.resultsa healthy 69-year - old woman was referred to the osaka university hospital with a diagnosis of a macular tumor .
she complained of having distorted vision in her left eye . ... |
selective strengthening of the shoulder muscles , particularly the rotator cuff muscles , has
been emphasized as improving shoulder stability and preventing shoulder injuries in clinical
and sports - related settings1 , 2 . among the rotator cuff muscles ( which include the
subscapularis , teres minor , supraspin... | [ purpose ] this study investigated the changes in electromyographic ( emg ) activities of
the infraspinatus and posterior deltoid muscles during shoulder external rotation under
open kinetic chain ( okc ) and closed kinetic chain ( ckc ) exercise conditions . [ subjects ] in
total , 15 healthy males participated... |
when a mega - trial comes up with the same findings as a meta - analysis , or vice versa , the evidence appears overwhelming .
this was the case with the use of intravenous followed by oral beta - blockers in acute myocardial infarction in the international study of infarct survival ( isis)-1 study and the subseque... | clinical trialists and statisticians are very wary of subgroup analysis , for good reasons .
clinicians have to deal with situations in which subgroups of patients differ widely from one another in their prognosis and response to treatment .
few trials are large enough to demonstrate convincingly these differences ... |
although the risk of malignancy with tumor necrosis factor ( tnf)- inhibitors is still unclear , the majority of studies examining this carcinogenic risk suggest that tnf- inhibitors may slightly increase the risk of cancer , including nonmelanoma skin cancer and hematologic malignancies .
herein , we report the case... | we report the case of a 53-year - old caucasian woman who developed nodal melanoma metastasis under infliximab therapy 2 years after the removal of a nevoid melanoma , which was initially misdiagnosed as a benign compound nevus .
this case illustrates the potential link between tumor necrosis factor ( tnf)- inhibitio... |
wound - related complications are common after incisional hernia repair with abnormal fluid collections being the most frequent problem . when mesh is used for repair of larger and more complex incisional hernias , the risk of seroma formation increases .
the mesh onlay technique , which requires more extensive disse... | background : the most frequent wound complication following repair of large incisional hernias is seroma formation , especially when the use of a mesh onlay requires extensive subcutaneous undermining .
treatment options for postoperative seromas include observation for spontaneous resolution , percutaneous aspiratio... |
coronary heart disease is one of the leading causes of death , universally and one of the most common chronic illnesses in many countries of the developing world . among the conventional cardiovascular risk factors ,
cross - cultural comparisons , case - control and prospective observational studies identified a rela... | backgroundthe relation between diet and human health has long been investigated .
the aim of this work is to evaluate the association between chd risk and the consumption of fruit and vegetable , in a large sample of cardiac patients and controls.methodsstratified sampling from all greek regions , consisted of 848 ( ... |
sepsis refers to the systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( sirs ) induced by infection .
severe sepsis , a more serious condition , is the combination of sepsis and dysfunction of at least one organ . despite the development of medical techniques , mortality of severe sepsis
remains high which is over 40% accor... | intercellular adhesion molecule-1 ( icam-1 ) is a key adhesion molecule mediating neutrophil migration and infiltration during sepsis .
but its role in the outcome of sepsis remains contradictory .
the current study was performed to investigate the role of anti - icam-1 antibody in the outcome of polymicrobial seps... |
an 18-year - old male visited our hospital complaining of right knee pain that had lasted for 7 months .
the patient was 182.1-cm tall and weighed 103.4 kg ( 228 lb ) and was a wrestler who had been active in athletics for over 10 years . on physical examination , the joint was negative for locking , snapping , and g... | anatomical variations of the meniscus are a common anomaly that knee surgeons frequently encounter .
however , anomalies of the anterior horn of the lateral meniscus ( ahlm ) are extremely rare . in this report
, we present a newly discovered anomaly of the ahml : an anterolateral meniscofemoral ligament is describ... |
compensatory movement is frequently observed in stroke patients , and accompanies poor
functional outcomes .
therefore , it is useful to elucidate the factors contributing to
compensatory movement because it would allow us to develop preventive or therapeutic
strategies1 . animals might compensate
for an impa... | [ purpose ] post - stroke motor recovery consists of both true recovery and compensatory
movements . although compensatory movements are learned more quickly early after stroke ,
the role of compensatory movement patterns in functional recovery is controversial .
we
investigated the role of compensatory movemen... |
the incidence of alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) , the most prevalent form of dementia seen in the elderly population , is expected to increase exponentially over the next ten years . with the pervasive nature of such a debilitating disease
, extensive research has focused on potential peripheral biomarkers and how they ... | advances in the discovery of a peripheral biomarker for the diagnosis of alzheimer 's would provide a way to better detect the onset of this debilitating disease in a manner that is both noninvasive and universally available .
this paper examines the current approaches that are being used to discover potential biomar... |
epithelial tumors of the kidney account for approximately 3% of all solid neoplasms , with adenocarcinoma or renal cell carcinoma ( rcc ) representing almost 85% .
rcc with a caval tumor thrombus occurs in 4% to 10% of patients and can present a formidable surgical challenge . herein , we report a rare case of upper ... | a 61-year - old man presented with a right renal mass with a vena caval thrombus on computed tomography that was consistent with renal cell carcinoma .
the results of routine laboratory examinations and urinalysis were within normal limits .
preoperative planning was critical owing to the presence of the vena caval... |
autoimmune uveitis , like other forms of autoimmune disease , is thought to occur through a breakdown in immunologic self - regulation .
the location and pattern of inflammation may lead to a diagnosis ; however , often the cause of autoimmune uveitis can not be discovered .
the causes of this inflammation can be i... | triamcinolone acetonide ( ta ) is a corticosteroid that has many uses in the treatment of ocular diseases because of its potent anti - inflammatory and anti - permeability actions .
intraocular inflammation broadly referred to as uveitis can result from several causes , including the immune system and after ophthalmi... |
we analyzed 197 respiratory tract swab specimens from pigs obtained in slaughterhouses in hong kong , china , and colombo , sri lanka .
large - scale molecular rna virus screening , based on host nucleic acid depletion , sequence - independent amplification , and sequencing of partially purified viral rna was perform... | sequence - independent amplification and specific reverse transcription pcrs identified genogroup i and ii picobirnaviruses in respiratory tracts of pigs . these data expand knowledge of picobirnavirus diversity and tropism .
genetic relationships between porcine respiratory and human enteric picobirnaviruses suggest... |
a previously healthy 14-year - old boy from rawalpindi , pakistan , was admitted in july 2002 to combined military hospital , rawalpindi , with a 7-day history of a high fever ( > 38c ) and vomiting .
he had relative bradycardia ( heart rate 84 bpm ) and a soft palpable spleen .
malarial parasites were not seen on ... | we report a case of ciprofloxacin treatment failure in a typhoid fever patient at a tertiary care hospital in rawalpindi , pakistan .
this case shows not only the emergence of fluoroquinolone resistance in typhoid salmonellae but also the inadequacy of the current laboratory guidelines for detection of this resistanc... |
today , the elderly are the fastest growing demographic group in the world due to increase in life expectancy . in 2000 , the population of individuals above 65 years of age was 600 million people globally , which constituted 10% of the total population .
researchers predicted that this number will reach about 2.2 bi... | background : reaching geriatric period is one of the greatest successes in human beings .
the older adults are predisposed to risk of many diseases and disabilities , and physical activity is one of the most efficient methods to prevent geriatric period disorders .
therefore , the present study aimed define the eff... |
given that controversy exists regarding how best to manage the treatment of women with gdm , data from successful clinical programs often can assist in the decision - making process .
the following sections of this article share our practical approach for such clinical decision - making but should not be considered t... | in brief the oral agents glyburide and metformin are both recommended by many professional societies for the treatment of gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm ) .
both therapeutic modalities have published safety and efficacy data , but there remains much debate among experts .
providers need a clear treatment plan ... |
gastric small cell carcinoma ( gscc ) is a rare and often fatal malignancy that was first described in 1976 by matsusaka et al . .
most reported cases have occurred in japan , and directly correlate with aggressive screening measures for gastric malignancy .
pure - type gscc is based on histologic specimens in whic... | extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma of the stomach is a rare and aggressive malignancy with a poor prognosis that was first described in 1976 by matsusaka et al . in 1989
it was recognized by the world health organization as an independent entity affecting the stomach .
pure and composite are the two types of gastr... |
incidental skeletal muscle uptake of f-18 fluoro - deoxyglucose ( fdg ) has been reported in non - musculoskeletal ( benign and malignant ) pathologies .
a 64-year - old man was subjected to a whole - body f-18 fluoro - deoxyglucose ( fdg ) positron emission tomography / computed tomography ( pet / ct ) scan for dete... | f-18 fluoro - deoxyglucose ( fdg ) uptake in the thyroid and thymus is well reported in patients with graves disease .
incidental skeletal muscle uptake has also been reported in other non - musculoskeletal ( benign and malignant ) pathologies .
we report a patient of graves disease showing symmetrical skeletal mus... |
pauci - immune renal vasculitis with focal glomerular necrosis and crescent formation is usually associated with anti - neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies ( ancas ) .
however , ancas are absent in up to 10% of cases , which constitutes a rarely studied variant of renal vasculitis . published data regarding kidney invo... | the association between malignancy and glomerular disease has been appreciated for decades [ baschinsky et al . , am j kidney dis 2000;36:e24 ] .
several types of glomerular injury in patients with cancer have been recognized [ morikawa et al .
, cen case rep 2013;2:158164 ; baschinsky et al .
, am j kidney dis 2... |
glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness and a leading cause of visual impairment , which can affect walking and mobility.1,2 glaucoma - associated visual impairment increases the risk of falls,3 leads to avoidance of difficult situations ( eg , night driving),4 and has a negative effect on patients quality of... | backgroundintraocular pressure ( iop)-lowering medications for primary open - angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension commonly contain preservatives that can cause ocular surface damage in many patients . the purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of , and compliance to , preservative - free... |
tazarotene foam is the first topical retinoid foam approved for the treatment of acne vulgaris .
to review the safety and efficacy studies of tazarotene foam in the treatment of moderate to severe acne .
five phase i safety studies in normal controls are reviewed and two phase iii safety and efficacy studies in pat... | backgroundtazarotene foam is the first topical retinoid foam approved for the treatment of acne vulgaris.objectiveto review the safety and efficacy studies of tazarotene foam in the treatment of moderate to severe acne.methodsfive phase i safety studies in normal controls are reviewed and two phase iii safety and effic... |
the diabetes cohort study ( dcs ) is a prospective open cohort using routinely collected data from a national primary - care annual review program called get checked , which commenced in new zealand in 2000 .
each individual has an encrypted unique identifier that allowed linkage to national hospitalization and mor... | objectiveto derive a 5-year cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) risk equation from usual - care data that is appropriate for people with type 2 diabetes from a wide range of ethnic groups , variable glycemic control , and high rates of albuminuria in new zealand.research design and methodsthis prospective open - cohort stud... |
the intestine is a tissue that undergoes extensive turnover as epithelial cells shed continuously into the lumen .
although much of what is known about intestinal stem cells ( iscs ) has come from studies of the mammalian intestine , the recent discovery of drosophila iscs has revealed a remarkable conservation in ... | intestinal epithelia are maintained by intestinal stem cells ( iscs ) that divide to replace dying absorptive and secretory cells that make up this tissue .
lineage labeling studies , both in vertebrates and drosophila , have revealed the relationships between iscs and their progeny .
in addition , a number of sign... |
ronald miles : conceived and designed the experiments ; performed the experiments ; analyzed and interpreted the data ; contributed reagents , materials , analysis tools or data ; wrote the paper .
ronald miles : conceived and designed the experiments ; performed the experiments ; analyzed and interpreted the data ; ... | a mathematical model is presented to examine the propagation of bending waves on a plant stem that are induced by vibratory excitation from an attached insect .
this idealized model represents the insect body as a mass and the legs as a linear spring along with a general time - varying force that is assumed to act in... |
split cord malformations ( scm ) are rare , congenital spinal anomalies involving splitting of the cord . here
, a segment or whole of the spinal cord is divided into two parts by a rigid or a fibrous septum .
scms into four types , based on the intra - operative location of the bony spur causing the split .
the ... | split cord malformations ( scm ) with a dorsally located bony spur are a very rare entity .
the authors report a series of four such cases .
the literature is reviewed regarding the pathogenesis and management of this uncommon variant of scm .
the presenting features include scoliosis with motor and autonomic dy... |
influenza virus is a common human pathogen that has caused serious respiratory illness and death over the past century .
it always had potential to cause widespread pandemics whenever a new type of influenza strain appeared in the human population and then spread easily from person to person.(1 ) in april 2009 , a ne... | introduction : influenza virus is a common human pathogen that has caused serious respiratory illness and death over the past century . in april 2009 ,
a new strain of influenza virus a h1n1 , commonly referred to as swine flu
, began to spread in several countries around the world , and india confirmed its first ... |
guillain - barr syndrome ( gbs ) is a group of acute , monophasic , and pathophysiologically heterogenous neuropathic disorders .
paralytic forms of the disorder are classified ( table 1 ) as demyelinating or axonal based on electrophysiology , whereas relatively rare non - paralytic variants include fisher syndrome ... | anti - glycan antibodies directed against gangliosides are now considered the major immune effectors that induce damage to intact nerve fibers in some variants of the monophasic neuropathic disorders that comprise guillain - barr syndrome .
recent experimental studies elucidating the complexity of anti - glycan antib... |
the lyophilized extract was dissolved in distilled water and applied to a sephadex g-50 column ( 3.0 35 cm ) , equilibrated with distilled water , and eluted with distilled water at a flow rate of 1.5ml / min .
the active fractions obtained were then applied to a c18 solid - phase extraction column ( sep - pak c18 c... | we selected pleurotus ostreatus from among several edible mushrooms because it has high anti - gout xanthine oxidase ( xod ) inhibitory activity .
the maximal amount of xod inhibitor was extracted when the pleurotus ostreatus fruiting body was treated with distilled water at 40 for 48 hr .
the xod inhibitor thus ob... |
the prevalence of both obesity and depression has been increasing for decades [ 1 , 2 ] .
there has been evidence for association of both disorders with increased risk of mortality , coronary heart disease , hypertension , and diabetes .
central obesity is a greater risk factor for metabolic complications and ca... | adult obesity has been associated with depression , especially in women . whether depression leads to obesity or obesity causes
depression is unclear .
chronic inflammation is observed in obesity and depression . in 63 obese women without additional diseases
depression level was assessed with the beck 's question... |
gradenigo 's syndrome ( gs ) was first described by giuseppe gradenigo in 1904 when he reported a triad of symptoms consisting of periorbital unilateral pain related to trigeminal nerve involvement , diplopia due to sixth nerve palsy and persistent otorrhea , associated with bacterial otitis media with apex involveme... | we report a case of a non - hodgkin 's lymphoma in a young woman presenting with an abdominal mass and an unusual instance of cranial nerve palsies mimicking gradenigo 's syndrome .
this condition is characterized by a triad of otorrhea , facial pain and diplopia , related to otitis media in the pre - antibiotic era ... |
the etiology of osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture is multifactorial.23 ) osteoporosis is the most common metabolic disorder of the bone and in the case of elderly osteoporotic compression fracture of vertebrae , patients often have risk factors for surgery under general anesthesia10 ) if fractured vertebrae a... | objectivethe optimal threshold of the infusion volume of cement has been a continuous subject in percutaneous vertebroplasty ( pvp ) .
this study verifies a causal relationship between the cement volume and the clinical outcome , and suggests the parameters of the appropriate volume of cement in pvp.methodsthis is a ... |
we review the potential impact of ddt on public health in mexico .
ddt production and consumption patterns in mexico during the last 20 years are described and compared with those in the united states . in spite of the restrictions on ddt use in antimalaria campaigns in mexico , use of ddt is still higher than in oth... | |
mucinous eccrine carcinoma ( mec ) is a rare form of adenocarcinoma of skin , first described by mendoza and helwigin 1971 .
the clinical appearance of this lesion is varied and can be in form slow - growing , solitary , asymptomatic , flesh - colored nodule or can have ulcerated lesion . due to varied clinical appea... | we report here the case of a man presenting with mucinous eccrine carcinoma ( mec ) involving eyelid .
this is a rare adencocarcinoma of the skin that originates from the deepest portion of eccrine sweat duct .
the aim of our paper is to underline the importance of distinguishing mec from metastatic carcinomas of t... |
a clinical trial involving cervico - facial cyanosis , cutaneous petechiae and subconjonctival haemorrage following thoraco - abdominal compression characterizes perthes syndrome .
neurological symptoms are common . in 1900 , perthes proposed a physiopathological mechanism including an abrupt rise in superior vena ca... | perthes syndrome , or traumatic asphyxia , is a clinical syndrome associating cervicofacial cyanosis with cutaneous petechial haemorrhages and subconjonctival bleeding resulting from severe sudden compressive chest trauma .
deep inspiration and a valsalva maneuver just prior to rapid and severe chest compression , ar... |
practitioners and staff of the dental office are at a high risk of occupational hazards of infectious diseases as a result of continuous contact with infectious material during dental procedures . these conditions range from common cold to life - threatening diseases such as tuberculosis , hepatitis and aids .
studie... | background and aims
blood - borne infections such as hepatitis b , hepatitis c and hiv might be transmitted from one individual to another during dental procedures
. therefore , sterilization and personal protection procedures are of utmost significance in dental offices .
the importance of awareness of cross - i... |
the sun is a rotating magnetic star consisting of a hot plasma entangled with fluctuating magnetic fields .
a vast amount of energy is continuously released from the sun in the form of electromagnetic radiation as well as in the form of charged particles , called the solar wind . the latter is accelerated and ejected... | galactic cosmic rays are charged particles created in our galaxy and beyond .
they propagate through interstellar space to eventually reach the heliosphere and earth .
their transport in the heliosphere is subjected to four modulation processes : diffusion , convection , adiabatic energy changes and particle drifts... |
the term vitamin d resistant rickets was first used in 1937 by albright et al .
, to describe form of rickets requiring doses of vitamin d far in excess of those required for healing of nutritionally deficient rickets .
vitamin d dependent rickets ( vddr ) ii is a very rare autosomal recessive form of rickets , wi... | rickets is softening of bones due to defective mineralization of cartilage in the epiphyseal growth plate , leading to widening of ends of long bones , growth retardation , and skeletal deformities in children .
the predominant cause is deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin d. the observation that some forms o... |
when the other cases -- including genetic short stature , constitutional delay of growth and puberty , hypothyroidism , turner syndrome , and chronic disease such as celiac disease -- are excluded , the growth hormone deficiency ( ghd ) need to be considered .
the prevalence of ghd is estimated at approximately 1 : 4... | objectiveto evaluate the diagnostic value of provocative test by insulin combined with clonidine for growth hormone deficiency ( ghd ) during childhood.methodseighty children underwent a provocative test with insulin(0.075u / kg , intravenous ) combined with clonidine ( 4g / kg , orally ) . among them , 40 children und... |
intertrochanteric fractures occur mostly in elderly patients , and the outcome may be extremely poor if there is prolonged bed - rest .
the best treatment for trochanteric fracture remains controversial ( 1 , 2 , 3 ) .
cephalomedullary devices are favored as the treatment for unstable a2 and a3 fractures , especial... | introduction : the best treatment for intertrochanteric fractures remains controversial .
many methods have been recommended.aim:we aimed to assess the results of osteosynthesis using the proximal femoral nail antirotation ( pfna ) system.patients and methods : we retrospectively analyzed 113 consecutive patients wit... |
it passes superior to coeliac trunk and connects the right and left crura of diaphragm .
if the ligament lies lower than t12 , it can compress on the coeliac trunk and causes abdominal symptoms .
median arcuate ligament syndrome ( mals ) is defined as abdominal pain due to compression of the coeliac artery by the m... | a 49-year - old woman with medical history of polymyalgia rheumatica presented with 3 weeks history of epigastric pain worse after meal .
gallstones , peptic ulcer , bowel ischemia , bowel obstruction , gastroesophageal reflux disease , chest pathology , etc . , were excluded from the study .
computerized tomograph... |
there is growing attention for chronic life - long conditions ( cllcs ) in sub - saharan africa ( ssa ) and for the challenge that these countries face in coping with rising numbers of patients with such diseases .
the strong advocacy for managing noncommunicable diseases ( ncd ) appropriately , many of which are lif... | there is growing attention for chronic diseases in sub - saharan africa ( ssa ) and for bridges between the management of hiv / aids and other ( noncommunicable ) chronic diseases .
this becomes more urgent with increasing numbers of people living with both hiv / aids and other chronic conditions .
this paper discu... |
retroperitoneal bleeding could be caused by various factors including trauma , tumours , vascular anomalies , bleeding disorders , antithrombotic and anticoagulant therapy , idiopathic and some times iatrogenic as a complication of coronary angioplasty or femoral catheterization .
nearly closed retroperitoneal compar... | backgroundretroperitoneal haematoma could be caused by different factors .
it is increasing due to an increase in the use of antithrombotic and anticoagulant therapy .
diagnosis of retroperitoneal haematoma forms a big challenge in daily clinical practice .
patients with retroperitoneal haematoma could present wi... |
thalassemia is considered the most common genetic disorder worldwide supported by the fact that over 30 million people are carrying the defective gene .
-thalassemia , results from mutations causing diminished production of mrna and decreased synthesis of structurally normal globin , is the most common single gene di... | objective : to assess the efficacy of a peripheral smear examination as a screening tool for -thalassemia trait.materials and methods:17 623 leishman - stained peripheral smears were evaluated during the period from july 2006 to september 2007 .
the following parameters were studied : hemoglobin , red blood cell coun... |
eastern africa ( ea ) is the region in africa as defined by the united nations scheme of geographic regions and comprises of 19 regions .
it is a vast area straddling the equator at roughly between latitude 18 north and 25 south of the equator and ensconced between latitude 31 and 50 east of the prime meridian .
ea... | background
eastern africa is a vast area straddling the equator at roughly between latitude 18 north and 25 south of the equator . this region enjoys overhead or near overhead sunshine throughout the year receiving an estimated 200275 w / m2 of uvb annually .
it is a region undergoing rapid socio - economic change... |
total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) is one of the most successful procedures performed by orthopedic surgeons . in tka , whether the posterior cruciate ligament ( pcl ) should be retained or resected has been the subject of argument for many years .
previous studies have shown no notable differences between the clinical ... | background : joint line ( jl ) is a very important factor for total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) to restore . the objective of this study was to evaluate the early clinical and kinematic results of tkas with posterior - stabilized ( ps ) or cruciate retaining ( cr ) implants in which the jl was elevated postoperatively.me... |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) and lung cancer are the leading causes of deaths worldwide which are associated with cigarette smoking .
copd is a preventable and treatable disease characterised by progressive , irreversible airflow obstruction resulting from chronic airway inflammation [ 13 ] .
it i... | chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) and lung cancer are leading causes of deaths worldwide which are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress . lung cancer , in particular , has a very high mortality rate due to the characteristically late diagnosis .
as such , identification of novel biom... |
all participants received a detailed explanation of the study and signed an informed consent form approved by the partners human research committees ( institutional review board ) , in accordance with the principles embodied in the declaration of helsinki .
brillouin sagittal profiles were acquired in 56 eyes of 30 h... | purposeto analyze the age dependence of the longitudinal modulus of the crystalline lens in vivo using brillouin scattering data in healthy subjects.methodsbrillouin scans were performed along the crystalline lens in 56 eyes from 30 healthy subjects aged from 19 to 63 years .
longitudinal elastic modulus was acquired... |
we demonstrate the successful application of exome sequencing13 to discover a gene for an autosomal dominant disorder , kabuki syndrome ( omim % 147920 ) .
the exomes of ten unrelated probands were subjected to massively parallel sequencing . after filtering against snp databases
, there was no compelling candidate... | |
in eukaryotic cells , the role of mitochondria is pivotal both in providing essential molecules and signals for life and in amplifying signals of death . in regard to the cell life ,
mitochondria produce most of the atp necessary to the cell through oxidative phosphorylation , and they are involved , among the others... | mitochondria are key organelles in the cell , hosting essential functions , from biosynthetic and metabolic pathways , to oxidative phosphorylation and atp production , from calcium buffering to red - ox homeostasis and apoptotic signalling pathways .
mitochondria are also dynamic organelles , continuously fusing and... |
there is significant interest in reducing the amount of metal sulfide oxidation in the environment .
exposure of mine waste containing metal sulfides , such as pyrite , to air and water leads to the formation of acid - mine drainage ( amd ) .
research in our laboratories has been focused recently on the use of phos... | the effect of a diacetylene - containing phospholipid on the oxidation of pyrite , fes2 , was investigated .
earlier work reported by our research group showed that the adsorption of l,2-bis(10,12-tricosadiynoyl)-sn - glycero-3-phosphocholine on pyrite suppressed the extent of its oxidation by about 75% over a specif... |
we developed a poppk model using data obtained after single- and multiple - dose administration of aripiprazole lauroxil and after administration of oral aripiprazole across 5 clinical trials , including 4 phase 1 trials ( nct01493726 ) in patients with chronic stable schizophrenia and 1 phase 3 trial ( nct01469039 ) i... | abstractbackgroundaripiprazole lauroxil is an extended - release prodrug of aripiprazole for intramuscular injection , approved for schizophrenia treatment .
we developed a population pharmacokinetic ( poppk ) model to characterize aripiprazole lauroxil pk and evaluate dosing scenarios likely to be encountered in cli... |
on 13 march 2012 , shortly after 9 p.m. local time near sierre , a swiss town close to the italian border , a tragic road traffic accident occurred . a coach carrying 52 people , mainly children around 12 years old , was returning to belgium following a school skiing trip to val d'anniviers in the swiss alps .
for re... | the recent bus crash in switzerland involving many children provides several lessons for the pre - hospital care community .
the use of multiple helicopters that are capable of flying at night and that carry advanced medical pre - hospital teams undoubtedly saved lives following the tragedy .
we describe the medica... |
natural antisense transcripts are transcripts of the opposite dna strand to the sense strand , either at the same genomic locus as the sense strand ( cis - encoded antisense transcripts ) or at a different genomic locus ( trans - encoded antisense transcripts ) .
antisense transcripts affect the expression of sense r... | in this study , 687 sense - antisense transcript pairs from 32,127 full - length rice cdna sequences were identified by aligning the cdna sequences with rice genome sequences .
the large number of pairs suggests that gene regulation by antisense transcripts occurs in plants and not only in animals . |
over the last two decades , medical informatics has emerged as a critical new tool in the physician s arsenal . indeed , to a growing number of medical practices , it is every bit as important as the stethoscope .
it has been integrated into virtually every area of medicine , but none more so than in radiology , whic... | are we preparing future generations of physicians with the skills to practice in the information age ? has the health care it industry matured to the stage that we can standardize training physicians in how to search and synthesize massive databases of clinical information and tease out complex diagnoses based upon sca... |
the organochlorine pesticide lindane [ hexachlorocyclohexane ( hch ) ] and its noninsecticidal isomers ( , , hch ) continue to pose serious environmental and health concerns , particularly in sites where they have been produced and inappropriately stored or disposed of . despite being banned commercially for decades ... | summarywe used a twostep enrichment approach to isolate rootcolonizing hexachlorocyclohexane ( hch)degrading microorganisms .
the first step consists of the use of classical liquid enrichment to isolate hch degraders .
the hchdegrading microbes were attached in mass to corn seeds sown in soil with hch , and after p... |
six of these strains were isolated during the years 2009 - 2011 and 16 of
the strains were part of the bacterial collection of the leptospirosis laboratory at the
pathobiology institute of the argentine national institute of agricultural technology ,
which is a world organization for animal health reference labor... | leptospirosis is the most widespread zoonosis in the world and significant efforts
have been made to determine and classify pathogenic leptospira
strains .
this zoonosis is maintained in nature through chronic renal
infections of carrier animals , with rodents and other small mammals serving as the
most impor... |
arterial blood pressure ( bp ) exhibits a diurnal rhythm that is higher at daytime than at night time [ 13 ] . a nocturnal decline in bp of less than 10% of the daytime value has been termed as non - dippers .
continuous 24-h ambulatory blood pressure ( abp ) monitoring has been used to show the diurnal rhythm of a... | backgroundelevated mean platelet volume may reflect presence of active large platelets , which lead to fatal or non - fatal cardiovascular events . in recent studies , lack of nocturnal blood pressure fall was presented as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in essential hypertension .
the relation of raised m... |
the history of international aid can be seen as cyclical . in the 1950s and 1960s ,
citizens of the colonies had little political weight and access to health care was not seen as a priority by the ruling powers . in 1978 , a new strategy primary health care ( phc)was approved at the alma ata conference .
it promot... | abstractpurposeto review the evidence basis of international aid and health policy.context of casecurrent international aid policy is largely neoliberal in its promotion of commoditization and privatisation .
we review this policy 's responsibility for the lack of effectiveness in disease control and poor access to c... |
brain development implicates cell migration , differentiation , and plasticity to configure an efficient neuronal network .
while neurons can live long periods of time , a large number of neurons die during developmental and pathophysiological processes in a lifetime .
the loss of neurons in adulthood can lead to n... | the development of new strategies to renew and repair neuronal networks using neural plasticity induced by stem cell graft could enable new therapies to cure diseases that were considered lethal until now .
in adequate microenvironment a neuronal progenitor must receive molecular signal of a specific cellular context... |
multiple sclerosis ( ms ) and its animal model , experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( eae ) , are t cell - mediated inflammatory diseases characterized by lymphocyte infiltration , demyelination , and axonal injury [ 1 , 2 ] .
although ms pathology is not fully understood , blood - brain barrier ( bbb ) dysfun... | dysfunction of the blood - brain barrier ( bbb ) is a primary characteristic of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( eae ) , an experimental model of multiple sclerosis ( ms ) .
matrine ( mat ) , a quinolizidine alkaloid derived from the herb radix sophorae flave , has been recently found to suppress clinical ... |
the evaluation of a short child begins with a careful medical history and a comprehensive physical examination , including phenotypic characteristics , body proportions and pubertal staging .
calculation of the mid - parental height allows for detecting the genetic background of the child 's growth .
this is follow... | introduction : there is still controversy for priming with sex steroid before growth hormone ( gh ) testing.objective:we studied gh response to stimulation in 92 children > 9 years with idiopathic short stature ( height standard deviation score [ htsds]-2 ) .
they were divided randomly into two groups .
children in... |
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality both in australia and worldwide .
the clinical course of copd is aggravated by exacerbations , characterized by increased cough , dyspnea , and production of purulent sputum .
patients with an acute exacerbation of copd ( aec... | background : currently there is a paucity of information about biomarkers that can predict hospitalization for acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( aecopd ) patients presenting to the emergency department ( ed ) .
there is limited data on the consistency of ed management of aecopd with local... |
pregnancy is considered high - risk when there are potential complications that could affect the mother , the baby or both .
it carries greater stress to the mother as well as her foetus than an uncomplicated pregnancy .
chronically compromised uterine perfusion can lead to placental insufficiency and subsequent in... | background and aims : low concentration local anaesthetic improves uteroplacental blood flow in antenatal period and during labour in preeclampsia .
we compared neonatal outcome after epidural ropivacaine plus fentanyl with intramuscular tramadol analgesia during labour in high - risk parturients with intrauterine gr... |
primary cutaneous b - cell lymphomas ( pcbcls ) are less frequent than cutaneous t - cell lymphomas , with incidence rates varying considerably between european ( ranges from 20 to 25% of all pcbcl ) and north american studies ( ranges from 3.2 to 7.7% ) . nowadays the new world health organization -
european organiz... | primary cutaneous large b - cell lymphoma , leg type ( pclbcl - lt ) , is very rare neoplasm presenting on and confined to leg(s ) .
pclbcl - lt is distinguished from other type of primary cutaneous b - cell lymphoma ( pcbcl ) by its frequent relapses and poorer prognosis .
we report , two cases of pclbcl - lt , oc... |
several different terms have been used to describe what fuller albright in 1942 originally named primary ovarian insufficiency ( poi ) [ 1 , 2 ] .
a search by cooper et al . of pubmed revealed that the following terms have been used to describe poi : gonadal dysgenesis , premature ovarian failure ( pof ) , premat... | the condition characterized by elevated gonadotrophins ( gonadotropins elevated into the menopausal range ) , low sex steroids , and menstrual disorders was previously termed premature ovarian failure ( pof ) . however , over the last two years an effort has been made by many authors to have the term primary ovarian in... |
colorectal cancer ( crc ) is the third most common cancer in the world , especially due to the deficiency of effective biomarkers with sufficient sensitivity and specificity to diagnose crc at early stages .
colorectal carcinogenesis is a very complex process which implies interactions between tumor and stromal cells... | colorectal cancer is a major cause of cancer - associated deaths in the world .
early detection would be greatly enhanced if accurate and cost - effective diagnostic biomarkers for this disease were accessible .
the development of such a blood test will evidently lower the screening costs in regards of colorectal c... |
it is estimated that among all cancers in the country , the incidence of breast cancer ranks first among women . according to the latest available statistics of the isfahan province , iran ,
breast cancer included 28% of cancer cases in women , and it has the second place for incidence of cancer in the province .
c... | introduction : nausea is the worst and most prevalent chemotherapy - induced complication experienced by 7080% of patients despite mediation therapy .
reduction of nausea is one of the most important roles of oncologist nurses . today , complementary therapies in addition to classic medicine , because of their lower ... |
birth weight plays an important role in infant survival , child development , and adult metabolic diseases.13 maternal characteristics have been variously shown to impact on the progress and outcome of pregnancy , especially those related to birth weight and perinatal mortality.36 such maternal factors like genetic end... | background : to investigate the relationship between certain maternal characteristic and infant birth weight and weight gain in puerperal women seen at a tertiary health centre.materials and methods : we measured the weight of 318 , randomly selected infants after a complete physical examination at birth and at 6 weeks... |
acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( all ) types are aggressive hematological cancers , characterized by the uncontrolled clonal proliferation of immature lymphoid cells at different stages of differentiation and their infiltration of the bone marrow .
approximately 15% of pediatric and 25% of adult all cases are of t - ce... | recent epidemiological studies indicate that the antidiabetic drug metformin has chemosensitizing and chemopreventive effects against carcinogenesis . here , we demonstrate that metformin exerts varying degrees of antitumor activity against human leukemia cells , as reflected by differences in growth inhibition , apopt... |
phosphorus is the third most abundant mineral in living systems where its dominating chemical configuration in body fluids is divalent phosphate ( hpo4 ) .
this anion is essential for intracellular signalling , cell proliferation , regulation of metabolism , and bioenergetics to name just part of its functions .
en... | backgrounda higher serum phosphate level is associated with worse outcome .
energy - demanding intracellular transport of phosphate is needed to secure anion bioavailability . in heart failure ( hf )
, energy starvation may modify intracellular and serum levels of phosphate .
we analysed determinants of serum pho... |
dysregulated vitamin d metabolism and excessive calcium loss through the skin is associated with rickets and later cancer development .
lamellar ichthyosis ( li ) is an autosomal recessive disorder and has been known by several terms including non - bullous congenital icthyosiform erythroderma , non - erythrodermic a... | lamellar ichthyosis ( li ) is an autosomal recessive disorder rarely associated with systemic organ involvement and development of carcinoma .
rickets has occasionally been described with li owing to impaired vitamin d synthesis following altered keratinization .
there has also been a high association of cutaneous ... |
amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( als ) is an idiopathic , fatal neurodegenerative disease of human motor system , and it includes the participation of other systems , such as sensory system , autonomic system , and basal ganglia .
the median survival is 34 years from symptom onset and there is considerable variation i... | background : in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( als ) , repeater f waves are increased .
accurate assessment of repeater f waves requires an adequate sample size.methods:we studied the f waves of left ulnar nerves in als patients .
based on the presence or absence of pyramidal signs in the left upper limb , the als... |
there has been a longstanding controversy over the influence of wearing removable partial denture ( rpd ) on oral health .
while many studies report that the rpd alters neither caries prevalence nor periodontal status in the long - term1234 others argue that there is a detrimental effect of rpd on abutment teeth.567 ... | purposethe aim of this study was to characterize and compare bacterial diversity on the removable partial denture ( rpd ) framework over time.materials and methodsthis descriptive pilot study included five women who were rehabilitated with free - end mandibular rpd .
the biofilm on t - bar clasps were collected 1 wee... |
the discovery of the pre - maxillary bone ( os incisivum , os intermaxillare or pre - maxilla [ pmx ] ) in humans has been attributed to goethe , and it has also been named os goethei .
coiter ( 1573 ) was the first to present an illustration of the sutura incisiva in the human .
the pmx ( or os incisivum ) is an a... | introduction : pre - maxillary complex ( pre - maxilla [ pmx ] + vomer ) morphology in bilateral complete cleft of primary and secondary palate ( bclcp ) is very complex and less reviewed in literature.materials and methods : in this retrospective cross - sectional study , 200 consecutive bclcp patients were selected .... |
figure s1 contains a
schematic of the device , micrographs of a typical nanotube , and the
patterned fluid reservoirs ; while figure s2 displays the raman spectra of two representative pristine swcnts .
the experiment design is similar to the microfluidic setup employed
by liu and co - workers .
oxygen plasma... | here
we report on the ion conductance through individual , small diameter
single - walled carbon nanotubes .
we find that they are mimics of ion
channels found in natural systems .
we explore the factors governing
the ion selectivity and permeation through single - walled carbon nanotubes
by considering a... |
dna is methylated by the covalent addition of methyl groups to the 5 position on cytosine residues , usually when the cytosine is followed by a guanine residue
although cpg dinucleotides are under - represented in the genome , there are dense accumulations of cpgs ( cpg islands ; cgi ) in the promoter regions of many... | dna methylation occurs at cpg dinucleotide sites within the genome and is recognised as one of the mechanisms involved in regulation of gene expression .
cpg sites are relatively underrepresented in the mammalian genome , but occur densely in regions called cpg islands ( cgis ) .
cgis located in the promoters of ge... |
graves orbitopathy ( go ) is an autoimmune disorder and the most common extra - thyroid manifestation of graves disease with a prevalence of 2.9 cases per 100,000 population per year in men and 16.0 cases per 100,000 population per year in women , with a peak in the fifth and seventh decades .
intravenous ( iv)/oral ... | background : high dose oral prednisolone ( 100 mg / day ) in graves orbitopathy ( go ) is limited by lesser response , and greater side - effects compared to intravenous ( iv ) methylprednisolone .
low dose oral prednisolone has not been evaluated in go .
this study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of low ... |
the causative agent , francisella tularensis , is a gram - negative , aerobic bacterium . currently , there are 4 recognized subspecies ( tularensis , holarctica , mediasiatica and novicida ) .
holarctica , which causes a milder form of the disease , is found in the entire northern hemisphere , especially in scandina... | summarybackgroundtularemia is a zoonotic infection , and the causative agent is francisella tularensis .
a first - line therapy for treating tularemia is aminoglycosides ( streptomycin or , more commonly , gentamicin ) , and treatment duration is typically 7 to 10 days , with longer courses for more severe cases.mate... |
foreign body ( fb ) ingestion is a frequent occurrence in children , especially in their first six years of life [ 1 , 2 ] , with a peak in children older than 3 years [ 3 , 4 ] .
various reasons for this event can be pointed out , stressing that all the characteristics such as sex , age , socioeconomic level and p... | the ingestion of foreign bodies causing esophageal injuries is a common event , mostly in children 's population .
the aim of the present paper is to present foreign body ( fb ) ingestion cases observed in a five - year period at the children 's hospital gutierrez , buenos aires , argentina and to compare the main fi... |
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