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a total of 350 adolescent girls , born in the years 19871992 and living in the capital area in iceland , were randomly selected from statistics iceland .
six per cent of the original sample did not fulfil these criteria , and 13% could not be reached by phone , leaving 284 subjects . of these , 145 girls ( 51% of the... | background / objectivessignificant changes have been reported in dietary habits and food availability in iceland that would be expected to compromise selenium intake and status , especially among young people .
these include substantial decreases in the consumption of fish and milk , as well as the selenium content o... |
the current study included participants of the population - based cooperative health research in the region of augsburg ( kora ) survey s4 ( 19992001 ; n = 4,261 ) and its 7-year follow - up study f4 ( 20062008 ;
n = 3,080 ) and was conducted in the region of augsburg , southern germany .
the study was approved by ... | objectivewe sought to investigate whether elevated levels of acute - phase serum amyloid a ( a - saa ) protein precede the onset of type 2 diabetes independently of other risk factors , including parameters of glucose metabolism.research design and methodswithin the population - based cooperative health research in the... |
the international polar year inuit health survey ( ipy - ihs ) is a multifaceted , cross - sectional health survey conducted in the late summer and fall of 2007 and 2008 in 33 coastal and 3 inland communities in the inuvialuit settlement region ( isr ) of the northwest territories , nunavut and the nunatsiavut region o... | objectivesto determine the extent to which demographic characteristics , clinical measurements and biomarkers were associated with poor self - reported health ( srh ) among inuit adults in the canadian arctic.study designcross - sectional survey was adopted as the study design.methodsthe international polar year inuit ... |
sydney trains and new south wales ( nsw ) trains have drug and alcohol policies , and conduct workplace drug testing , in accordance with legislative requirements . each year
, on a random basis , a minimum 25% of all rail safety workers must be selected to undertake drug or alcohol testing ( 1 ) . in the case of ran... | aimsto determine the relative detection rates of urine versus oral fluid testing in a safety sensitive industry and the correlation with diagnosed substance use disorders and possible impairment at work.methodsthe trial involved 1,500 paired urine and oral fluid tests performed in accordance with australian standard / ... |
necrotizing fasciitis remains a rare disease with an estimated 500 to 1000 cases annually in the united states ( 1 ) .
the majority of cases occur after minor trauma , and very rarely described after a variety of surgical procedures ( 2 ) . here
a 24 year old at 38 weeks gestation ( g3p2 ) presented to another hosp... | we report a case of a previously healthy woman after an uneventful caesarean section who developed polymicrobial necrotizing fasciitis .
she was given a non - steroidal anti - inflamatory drug ( nsaid ) after her delivery .
her post - delivery course was complicated by septic shock , and required multiple debrideme... |
percutaneous , transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology ( fnac ) is a well established diagnostic method used in the cytological evaluation of thoracic mass lesions for the last three decades . nowadays , computed tomography ( ct)-guided fnac of lesions of the lungs and the mediastinum is widely practised in sever... | background : computed tomography ( ct)-guided fine needle aspiration cytology ( fnac ) is regarded as a rapid , safe , and accurate diagnostic tool in examining thoracic mass lesions for the last three decades.aims:to assess the role of ct - guided fnac in thoracic mass lesions , to analyse the results , and to compare... |
silver has been an effective agent with documented efficacy against wide spectrum of bacterial , viral , and fungal infections .
various wound dressing materials or implants coated with silver have been advocated for preventive or therapeutic measure against biofilm formation .
biologically , active ions released b... | a good dressing is mandatory to an uncomplicated wound healing , especially when foreign particles contaminate the wound .
various forms of dressing preparations are available for use and differ in chemical composition and efficacy .
silver has been a known agent with good antimicrobial and healing properties and r... |
this case report describes a pathognomonic clinical sign which ultimately secured a diagnosis of vgkc limbic encephalitis and expedited appropriate treatment .
a 69-year - old man presented to his primary care physician with a recent onset of intermittent painful spasms of his right arm and face .
routine electroly... | autoimmune limbic encephalitis is a rare cause of encephalitic disease .
it is associated with various target antigens and is difficult to diagnose , and experience with its treatment is limited .
this case report describes a 69-year - old man , who presented with life - threatening hyponatremia and confusion , fol... |
a 38-year - old male was admitted to the hospital under the gastroenterology service with an acute exacerbation of alcohol - induced chronic pancreatitis .
, the patient complained of ongoing left upper quadrant abdominal discomfort with associated nausea . during the investigation of this abdominal pain an endoscopi... | endoscopy of both the upper and lower gastrointestinal tract remains one of the commonest procedures performed on patients .
the common risk factors associated with this procedure are well known .
however , some of the rarer complications are not known or are not considered in the immediate postprocedure time perio... |
prone positioning aids in optimum exposure and access during craniovertebral junction ( cvj ) surgeries .
consequently , complications , such as cardiovascular instability , raised airway pressures , neurovascular injuries , and pressure injuries , can occur .
a horseshoe headrest having cushioned pad base and mult... | pressure injuries are an accepted complication of prone positioning during the neurosurgical procedures .
horseshoe headrest are intended to reduce the incidence and severity of such injuries by allowing limited areas of contact between the skin of dependent areas of contact and the supporting surfaces .
we report ... |
hospitals are an important part of a health system that , in coordination with other parts , provide health to the community .
in fact , hospitals have a key role in providing health services ; therefore , they have a major impact on the efficiency of a health system ( 1 ) .
the most important tool for evaluating h... | introductionthe length of stay ( los ) in hospitals is a widely used and important criteria for evaluating hospital performance .
the aim of this study was to determine factors affecting los in teaching hospitals of qazvin providence.methodsin this cross - sectional study , patients health records were randomly selec... |
all patients were taking metformin ( 12 g / day ) , and 14 patients were taking sulfonylureas ( 510 mg / day glyburide or glipizide ) .
none of the subjects was receiving insulin or thiazolidinedione therapy or taking any antioxidant or nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory drugs .
demographic data for the patients are ... | objectivein view of the previously described anti - inflammatory effects of insulin , we investigated the potential suppressive effect of insulin on plasma concentrations and expression of the chemokines , monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 ( mcp-1 ) and regulated on activation normal t - cell expressed and secreted ( ... |
presence of a pericardial friction rub , pleuritic chest pain with positional changes , and characteristic findings on ecg are specific for diagnosing pericarditis in the clinical setting . however , in developed countries like the united states , more than 80% of cases of pericarditis are idiopathic ( 5 ) .
acute / ... | colchicine , extracted from the colchicum autumnale plant , used by the ancient greeks more than 20 centuries ago , is one of the most ancient drugs still prescribed even today .
the major mechanism of action is binding to microtubules thereby interfering with mitosis and subsequent modulation of polymorphonuclear le... |
lower back pain ( lbp ) , an important public health problem in industrialized societies , is associated with substantial healthcare and societal costs .
lumbar spondylosis ( ls ) is common with aging and is considered to be related to lbp and disability .
ls is characterized radiologically by the presence of osteo... | objectivethe purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of and the relevant risk factors for lumbar spondylosis ( ls ) among middle - aged and elderly rural korean residents and to explore the association between radiographic ls and lower back pain ( lbp ) in relation to age and gender.methodsthis communit... |
neonatal morbidity and mortality have remained high in most developing countries and are affecting their attainment of millennium development goal ( mdg ) 4 .
neonatal sepsis is one of the major causes of these deaths , most of which are preventable [ 1 , 2 ] . studies in developing countries have shown strong eviden... | background .
most information on newborn care practices in uganda is from rural communities which may not be generalized to urban settings . methods .
a community based cross - sectional descriptive study was conducted in the capital city of uganda from february to may 2012 .
quantitative and qualitative data on ... |
atrial fibrillation ( af ) is the most common sustained arrhythmia whose prevalence and incidence have been shown to be increasing in the past two decades .
the global burden of af was estimated to be about 33.5 million in 2010 and it has been christened as the epidemic of the new millennium . though data in india ar... | objective : to study the efficacy of oral carvedilol in acute treatment of atrial fibrillation ( af ) with fast ventricular rate.materials and methods : in an open - label , single - arm trial , oral carvedilol was administered to 35 patients of af in escalating doses from 3.125 mg o.d . to 12.5 mg b.i.d.results:a succ... |
syringomyelia associated with spinal arachnoiditis is commonly caused by trauma , infection , and surgery of the spinal cord .
severe cases with extensive adhesive arachnoiditis are very difficult to treat.1 several authors have proposed an arachnoid dissection to resolve the major pathogenic factors responsible for ... | the authors describe a new modified surgical approach to minimize the postoperative recurrence of a syrinx after surgery to treat syringomyelia associated with spinal adhesive arachnoiditis in two cases . both patients presented with progressive gait disturbance without any remarkable history , and spinal magnetic reso... |
familial amyloid polyneuropathy ( fap ) type iv ( finnish ) is a very rare life - threatening disorder and reported only in a few countries .
faps transmitted as an autosomal dominant trait neurodegenerative disorder associated with extracellular deposition of amyloid fibrils , particularly in the peripheral nervous ... | familial amyloid polyneuropathy ( fap ) type iv ( finnish ) is a rare clinical entity with challenging neuropathy and cosmetic deficits .
amyloidosis can affect peripheral sensory , motor , or autonomic nerves .
nerve lesions are induced by deposits of amyloid fibrils and treatment approaches for neuropathy are cha... |
more than 20% of elderly americans ( 65 years or older ) have type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2dm).1 t2 dm is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in the elderly,2 and half of elderly patients receiving diabetes treatment do not achieve adequate glycemic control.3 although glycemic control is important , elder... | intensive glycemic control using insulin therapy may be appropriate for many healthy older adults to reduce premature mortality and morbidity , improve quality of life , and reduce health care costs
. however , frail elderly people are more prone to develop complications from hypoglycemia , such as confusion and deme... |
the online version of this article ( doi:10.1007/s00038 - 012 - 0438-x ) contains supplementary material , which is available to authorized users .
vaccines are one of the most cost - effective strategies to prevent infectious diseases among children , adolescents , and adults .
( who and unicef 2005 ) many develop... | objectiveswhile many countries have robust child immunization programs and high child vaccination coverage , vaccination of adults has received less attention .
the objective of this study was to describe the adult vaccination policies in developed countries.methodsfrom 2010 to 2011 , we conducted a survey of 33 adva... |
automated measurements of retinal thickness and volume using optical coherence tomography ( oct ) and imaging - processing software are commonly used in the diagnosis and management of retinal diseases such as diabetic retinopathy and age - related macular degeneration [ 14 ] .
dublin , ca , usa ) is the most widely ... | purpose . to evaluate macular thickness , agreement , and intraclass repeatability in three optical coherence tomography ( oct ) devices : the time domain ( td ) stratus oct and two spectral domain ( sd ) octs , spectralis and cirrus sd - oct , in eyes with macular edema secondary to diabetic retinopathy ( dr ) and ret... |
we performed a retrospective study of 50 patients who underwent artificial disc replacement ( adr ) of the cervical spine from may 2006 to september 2011 . excluding the level of adr , the rest disc levels from c23 to c67 , and all levels of facet joints
two radiologists in the musculoskeletal department reviewed all... | backgroundseveral scoring systems for cervical disc and facet joint degeneration , using radiography or computed tomography , have been developed and tested for reliability .
however , definitions of disc height and facet joint space narrowing vary . to our knowledge ,
no study has reported quantitative data for no... |
tooth whitening was first introduced in 1848 employing oxalic acid ; then it was progressed by the usage of peroxide products . in 1989 ,
the color of tooth is highly based on the light reflection and absorption characteristics of the enamel and dentin , as well as their chemical composition .
numerous methods have... | background : there have been numerous researches on ozone application in dentistry ; yet the data regarding its whitening effect is very limited .
the present study compares the bleaching effect of ozone with office bleaching.materials and methods : in this experimental study , 15 maxillary premolar teeth were select... |
muscle atrophy plays an important role in aging - related disabilities.1 sarcopenia , a term originally used to describe the deficiency of muscle tissue observed in older age,2 is now used to describe low muscle mass as well as low muscle strength and function.3 it has been reported that the estimated direct health car... | backgroundhachimijiogan ( hjg ) , ba - wei - di - huang - wan in chinese , is one of the most popular herbal medicines in japanese kampo .
hjg is often prescribed for the prevention and treatment of age - related diseases .
muscle atrophy plays an important role in aging - related disabilities such as sarcopenia . ... |
copd exacerbations have a major impact on morbidity and mortality when intensive care unit ( icu ) admission is required.1,2 acute respiratory failure ( arf ) due to copd exacerbation is , as a first choice , primarily managed by noninvasive mechanical ventilation ( nimv ) , and the initiation of nimv is determined by ... | backgroundcopd exacerbations requiring intensive care unit ( icu ) admission have a major impact on morbidity and mortality .
only 10%25% of copd exacerbations are eosinophilic.aimto assess whether eosinophilic copd exacerbations have better outcomes than non - eosinophilic copd exacerbations in the icu.methodsthis r... |
scedosporium apiospermum ( s. apiospermum ) , one of the main species within the newly defined pseudallescheria boydii complex , is a common , clinically important filamentous mold responsible for numerous opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients or individuals after near - drowning accidents .
it is ub... | a persistent colonization with scedosporium apiospermum ( s. apiospermum ) often results in disseminated infection with a high mortality rate in immunosuppressed patients .
we present the first case of successful prevention of scedosporiosis in an adolescent female cystic fibrosis patient post double lung transplant ... |
peripartum cardiomyopathy ( ppcm ) is a form of dilated cardiomyopathy with severe left ventricular ( lv ) dysfunction leading to heart failure during the last month of pregnancy or within 5 months of delivery without any determinable etiology for the cardiac failure and also absence of demonstrable heart disease prior... | peripartum cardiomyopathy ( ppcm ) is a rare cause of pregnancy - related heart failure , which affects a woman during the last months of pregnancy or first months of parturition .
its etiopathogenesis is still unclear .
coexistence of ppcm with human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) has been scarcely analyzed .
a ... |
a 47-year - old man with a diagnosis of dilated cardiomyopathy was referred for lvad bridge to heart transplantation in august 2011 . he had no history of hypertension and family history of heart disease .
a transthoracic echocardiogram ( tte ) revealed severely dilated left ventricle ( lv ) with left ventricular eje... | key clinical messagecase report illustrates obstruction encountered in a patient with end - stage dilated hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( hcm ) who underwent lvad implantation . the morphology reversed in early postoperative period to hcm .
pump replacement required coring of the ventricular muscle .
dilated end - st... |
clean streams are essential for providing ecosystem services to sustain thriving communities and healthy ecosystems .
the city of durham stormwater services division publishes an annual report to inform the citizens of durham county about the water quality conditions of their local watersheds .
the intent of these ... | caffeine has been suggested as a chemical indicator for domestic wastewater in freshwater systems , although it is not included in water quality monitoring programs .
the third fork creek watershed in durham , nc , is highly urbanized , with a history of receiving untreated wastewater from leaking and overflowing san... |
cushing 's syndrome ( cs ) is a complex endocrine disorder with potential for serious consequences if not adequately treated .
the incidence of cs varies in different studies from 0.7 to 2.4 per million populations per year .
a more recent study reported a prevalence of 79 per million and incidence of 1.8 per milli... | background : there is little published literature on the profile of patients with cushing 's syndrome ( cs ) from india .
the aim of this study was to compile data of cs patients treated at this hospital.materials and methods : patients referred to the endocrine services of this hospital for diagnosis / treatment of ... |
the first case is a 20-year - old african - american female with ns and systemic manifestations of short stature ( 58 inches ) , webbed neck and prior surgery for atrial septal defect ( asd ) presented with cloudy vision in the right eye that had acutely worsened over 1 month .
the patient was prescribed glasses at 4... | ocular manifestations of noonan syndrome ( ns ) in a set of healthy 20-year - old african - american fraternal twins are reported with emphasis on a rare finding of keratoconus with acute corneal hydrops in one twin .
both the twins had learning disabilities and attended a special needs school .
evaluation included... |
caspase-1 activation of human and mouse brain tissue were analyzed by western blot of cleaved caspase-1 .
all mice were on c57/bl6 background , including wt , nlrp3 , app / ps1 , app / ps1/nlrp3 , caspase-1 , app / ps1/caspase-1 and were analyzed for cognitive function using the morris water maze , the object recogni... | alzheimers disease ( ad ) is the world s most common dementing illness .
deposition of amyloid beta peptide ( a ) drives cerebral neuroinflammation by activating microglia1,2 .
indeed , a activation of the nlrp3 inflammasome in microglia is fundamental for il-1 maturation and subsequent inflammatory events3 .
how... |
a fundamental understanding of enzymatic reaction
dynamics and mechanisms relies on the experimental characterization
of the specific steps of the enzymatic reactions . beyond the well - known
michaelis menten mechanism ,
there are a number of fundamental
questions that are critical but have not been experim... | product releasing is an essential
step of an enzymatic reaction ,
and a mechanistic understanding primarily depends on the active - site
conformational changes and molecular interactions that are involved
in this step of the enzymatic reaction .
here we report our work on
the enzymatic product releasing dyn... |
all of the subjects ( n=42 ) who were diagnosed with lgmd by the neurology department of the hacettepe university hospital , ankara , turkey and were referred to the physical therapy department of the health sciences faculty between may 2013 and december 2014 were invited to participate in the study .
however , 15 su... | objective : to evaluate and compare the effects of exercise therapy and electrical stimulation on muscle strength and functional activities in patients with limb - girdle muscular dystrophy ( lgmd).methods : this controlled clinical trial included 24 subjects who were diagnosed with lgmd by the neurology department of ... |
as age increases , the importance of health promoting behaviors become more prominent owing to their increasing contribution to maintaining the functions required for living independently . the utmost issues concerning the quality of life for the elderly have to do with ensuring their adequate independence in physical ... | background and objectivesthe evaluation of subjective benefits and positive effects of hearing aids in daily is important for measuring the treatment outcome . the aim of this project was to investigate the degree of satisfaction of aged users with their hearing aids using the satisfaction with amplification in daily l... |
during the past decades , a variety of biomechanical and biological factors that determine the outcome of bone repair have been identified . in many patients ,
accordingly , there is a need to investigate further confounding factors that might interfere with bone repair .
recently , we showed that an elevated serum... | summarybackgroundan elevated serum concentration of homocysteine ( hyperhomocysteinemia ) has been shown to disturb fracture healing .
as the essential amino acid , methionine , is a precursor of homocysteine , we aimed to investigate whether excess methionine intake affects bone repair.material/methodswe analyzed bo... |
data from hospital records were collected from march 28 , 2003 , when the first gastroenteritis cases were observed , until april 29 , 2003 , when the number of gastroenteritis cases decreased to < 20 per day . a subsequent retrospective survey of hospital staff
was carried out from april 19 to may 3 , 2003 , when th... | gastroenteritis affected many british military personnel during the war in iraq . in the first month , 1,340 cases were seen ; 73% of patients required hospital admission and 36% were hospital staff .
in a survey of 500 hospital staff , 76% reported gastroenteritis , which was more likely in clinical workers .
inve... |
radiotherapy , chemotherapy and surgical resection including total mesorectal excision ( tme ) are the standard components of treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer .
the optimum sequence has been investigated in randomized trials , and preoperative chemoradiotherapy ( crt ) is the preferred treat... | the standard treatment for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer is preoperative chemoradiotherapy followed by total mesorectal excision .
this approach is supported by randomized trials , but there are still many unanswered questions about the multimodal management of rectal cancer . in surgical terms , these... |
mntrier s disease is characterized by hypertrophic gastric rugae , gastrointestinal upset , gastropathy resulting in protein loss , normal or hyposecretion of gastric acid , and occasional severe upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage .
duodenal obstruction is not a common presentation of this rare disorder . here , we re... | mntrier s disease is a rare cause of hypertrophic gastropathy that is usually confined to the gastric body and fundus .
it is characterized by giant rugae , hypoalbuminemia , and foveolar hyperplasia . here
we report the case of a 26-year - old woman who presented with epigastric pain , postparandial nausea - vomit... |
the hydration shell of a protein is known
to have a critical influence
on protein structure and function . in particular , the dynamic properties
of the hydration shell play a role in biochemical processes including
protein folding , enzyme function , and molecular recognition .
a complete understanding of su... | protein hydration shell dynamics
play an important role in biochemical
processes including protein folding , enzyme function , and molecular
recognition .
we present here a comparison of the reorientation dynamics
of individual water molecules within the hydration shell of a series
of globular proteins : ac... |
the
past two decades have witnessed a renaissance in the development of
iron - based methods for catalytic c c bond transformations ,
motivated by iron s advantageous economic profile and its rich
and tunable redox chemistry .
c
cross - coupling in the 1970s using simple iron salts , recent research effort... | chelating
phosphines are effective additives and supporting ligands for a wide
array of iron - catalyzed cross - coupling reactions . while recent studies
have begun to unravel the nature of the in situ - formed iron species
in several of these reactions , including the identification of the
active iron speci... |
coronary heart disease ( chd ) is the major cause of death in american women as it is in men , but despite considerable scientific advances , much remains to be learned about the unique characteristics of this disease in women .
young and middleaged women , in particular , have been underrepresented in research studi... | backgroundemerging data suggest that young women with coronary heart disease ( chd ) are disproportionally vulnerable to the adverse cardiovascular effects of psychological stress . we hypothesized that younger , but not older , women with stable chd are more likely than their male peers to develop mental stressinduced... |
bacteria were cultured in t - salts minimal medium supplemented with glucose ( 0.2% w / v ) plus 30 m kh2po4 for chemostats or 1 mm kh2po4 for batch culture ( spira et al .
bacteria for phenotypic tests were grown or minimal medium a or l - broth ( as described by miller ) .
all growth was at 37 c. for long - term ... | many of the important changes in evolution are regulatory in nature . sequenced bacterial genomes point to flexibility in regulatory circuits but we do not know how regulation is remodeled in evolving bacteria . here , we study the regulatory changes that emerge in populations evolving under controlled conditions durin... |
respiratory syncytial virus ( rsv ) is a negative sense single - stranded rna virus belonging to pneumovirus genus , subfamily pneumovirinae .
rsv is considered a major cause of severe lower respiratory tract infections in children less than two years of age worldwide .
therefore , early detection of the virus is a... | respiratory syncytial virus ( rsv ) is the major cause of lower respiratory tract infections in children worldwide .
early detection of rsv is critical to initiate proper care .
two methods , the direct fluorescence assay ( dfa ) and the real - time reverse - transcription polymerase chain reaction ( rt - rt - pcr ... |
hiccups are repeated involuntary , spasmodic and temporary contractions of the diaphragm accompanied by sudden closure of the glottis , producing a distinguishing hic sound .
hiccups , or singulata ( hiccup is singultus ) , are commonly experienced by most people at 1 time or another and are usually brief and self ... | lateral medullary syndrome ( lms ) is a constellation of varied neurologic manifestations seen in cerebrovascular accidents .
the posterolateral part of the medulla oblongata of the brain stem and cerebellum receiving arterial blood supply from the posterior inferior cerebellar artery are the areas commonly affected ... |
postoperative endophthalmitis is an uncommon but devastating complication of cataract surgery with reported rates of between 0.06% and 0.25%.1 incidence rates of methicillin- resistant staphylococcus aureus ( mrsa ) endophthalmitis are poorly defined , but there are recent reports of clusters of such cases leading to d... | introductionpostoperative bacterial endophthalmitis is a devastating complication of cataract surgery .
methicillin - resistant staphylococcus aureus ( mrsa ) endophthalmitis is rare .
recent debate over mrsa screening in united kingdom ( uk ) national health service ( nhs ) hospital services has implications for c... |
copd , a systemic inflammatory disease , is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible.1 it has been estimated that the average prevalence of copd is 6.2% in asia and almost one - fifth of identified subjects are categorized as having severe copd.2 copd is a major cause of chronic morbidity and mo... | purposeto explore the association between host serum 25-hydroxyvitamin d ( 25(oh)d ) and the susceptibility and severity of copd.methodsprevious studies on the association between host 25(oh)d and the susceptibility and severity of copd were collected on the basis of a systematic literature search of pubmed and web of ... |
angiogenesis or neovascularization is defined as the growth and development of new capillaries from pre - existing blood vessels , and is essential for tumors to grow beyond a minimal size.1 this could occur either by branching and extension of adjacent blood vessels or by recruitment of endothelial progenitor cells fr... | background : odontogenic keratocyst ( okc ) is a developmental odontogenic cyst with an aggressive clinical behavior suggesting a change in its terminology from a cyst to a tumor and has now been renamed as keratocystic odontogenic tumor ( kcot ) .
the purpose of this study was to assess and compare angiogenesis in a... |
efemp1 mice and their wild - type littermates at 6 , 18 , or 24 months of age were used .
both male and female mice were used for all the genotypes , age groups , and treatment conditions .
all mice were handled in accordance with the standards of humane animal care described by the national institutes of health gu... | purposeefemp1 ( fibulin-3 ) is mutated in malattia leventinese / doyne 's honeycomb retinal dystrophy ( ml / dhrd ) , an inherited macular dystrophy similar to amd .
both ml / dhrd and amd are characterized by the presence of sub - rpe deposits .
efemp1 knockout mice do not develop sub - rpe deposits .
this study... |
dens fractures have accounted for 7% to 15% of all fractures of the cervical spine and 1% to 2% of all spine fractures.11 ) despite numerous publications on this injury , with a trend toward early surgical stabilization,4 ) the treatment modality for this frequent injury remains controversial .
especially , in the ca... | dens fractures are a common traumatic cervical spine injury . among them , a type iii fracture is the second common fracture .
although there are several treatment options , it has been accepted that type iii fracture is usually healed by non - surgical method . after adequate reduction with traction , subsequent ext... |
other than by direct invasion following traumatic and iatrogenic incidents , infectious agents can gain access to the brain by two mechanisms : using peripheral nerves as physical conduits ( neural neuroinvasion ) or via the blood ( haematogenous neuroinvasion ) .
documented examples of the first include viruses , su... | prion disorders are infectious , neurodegenerative diseases that affect humans and animals .
susceptibility to some prion diseases such as kuru or the new variant of creutzfeldt - jakob disease in humans and scrapie in sheep and goats is influenced by polymorphisms of the coding region of the prion protein gene , whi... |
leprosy is a chronic multisystemic disease caused by mycobacterium leprae , wherein the clinicopathological presentation is determined by the complex interaction between the invading organism and the immune status of the individual .
the most common organs involved are the skin , monocyte macrophage system and perip... | although leprosy involves the oral cavity in up to 60% of the patients , examination of the oral cavity in leprosy clinics or oral health science clinics is often neglected . oral involvement in leprosy
can broadly be divided into non - specific and specific lesions . in this review ,
we discuss various oral manife... |
down syndrome is one of the most common genetically disorders , which is accompanied with intellectual disability ( 1 ) .
its prevalence varies from 1 from 700 to 900 of alive birth ( 2 ) .
since , baby birth is a critical moment , the diagnosis of down syndrome leads parents to experience various feelings before a... | background : anxiety is one of the most common reactions that parents show while understanding their children s intellectual disability due to down syndrome .
anxiety leads parents not to develop appropriate relations with their children , subsequently their psychological health are at risk .
the present study was ... |
the importance of tlr4 in host defense against escherichia coli urinary tract infection ( uti ) has been extensively studied in mouse models where the course of infection and immune responses can be studied in animals with normal and defective tlr4 alleles ( 1 , 2 ) . mice from the c3h / hej strain have a point mutati... | abstracttoll - like receptor 4 is thought to have a primary role in host defense against escherichia coli bladder colonization , based on mouse models of urinary tract infection using c3h / hej female mice .
this strain carries a point mutation in the tlr4 gene , which renders the mice unresponsive to lipopolysaccha... |
some explanations for this are an increasing proportion of elderly people in the general population and those admitted to hospitals , more intensive and aggressive treatment of various diseases and injuries , and increased microbial resistance , especially in the hospital environment .
recent reports from the usa sug... | introductionsepsis and severe sepsis are asociated with high hospital mortality .
little is known about the occurrence of sepsis in general hospital populations .
the goal of the present study was to reveal the epidemiology of sepsis in norwegian hospitals over 1 year.methodspatients admitted to all norwegian hospi... |
caloric restriction ( cr ) and exercise have been considered to have beneficial effects on human health , including reducing the risks for the development of diabetes , cardiovascular disease , and cancer [ 1 , 2 ] .
studies have shown that cr and exercise can improve the metabolic conditions in obesity , but the und... | aim . to investigate the role of ampk activation and autophagy in mediating the beneficial effects of exercise and caloric restriction in obesity
. methods .
dietary - induced obesity mice were made and divided into 5 groups ; one additional group of normal mice serves as control .
mice in each group received dif... |
venous hemangiomas are one of the most common soft - tissue tumors,1 representing 7% of all benign soft - tissue tumors.2
histologically , they are characterized as the proliferation of vascular channels whose walls contain layers of smooth muscle.3,4,5 these tumors frequently occur in the skin and subcutaneous tissu... | although venous hemangiomas are one of the most common soft - tissue tumors , venous hemangiomas in the central nervous system are extremely rare .
we present an unusual case of venous hemangioma originating from the interdural space of the tentorium . a 32-year - old woman was incidentally found to have extra - axia... |
treatment of variceal bleeding has improved ; however , variceal bleeding is still the most fatal complication of liver cirrhosis ( 1 - 3 ) .
gastric varices occur in 5%-33% of patients with portal hypertension , and the incidence of bleeding is 25% in two years ( 4 ) .
although gastric variceal bleeding occurs les... | endoscopic variceal ligation ( evl ) can be performed as an optional therapy for gastric variceal bleeding if endoscopic sclerotherapy ( es ) is not readily available or if practitioners lack experience .
evl using an endoscopic pneumo - activated ligating device was performed on a 53-year - old male patient with liv... |
dna from 5 isolates ( 151/06 , 371/08 , 290/10 , 754/10 , and 229/11 ) was prepared for sequencing by using the nextera sample preparation method and sequenced with a standard 2 151 base protocol on a miseq instrument ( illumina , san diego , ca , usa ) ( 6 ) .
sequences were analyzed as described ( 7 ) . in brief ,... | shiga toxin producing escherichia coli serotype o117:k1:h7 is a cause of persistent diarrhea in travelers to tropical locations .
whole genome sequencing identified genetic mechanisms involved in the pathoadaptive phenotype .
sequencing also identified toxin and putative adherence genes flanked by sequences indica... |
a 39-year - old caucasian male with no significant past medical history presented to the emergency room reporting a two - week history of a worsening cough associated with the production of rusty sputum , pleuritic chest pain , and intermittent fevers , as well as an unintentional 30-pound weight loss over the precedin... | a 39-year - old male with newly diagnosed hiv had cavitary pneumonia initially attributed to pneumocystis jirovecii but actually caused by rhodococcus equi .
after neurological deterioration , he was found to have intracerebral lesions caused by toxoplasma gondii .
this case underscores the inability to rely on the... |
multiple sclerosis ( ms ) is a chronic , debilitating neurological condition that affects an estimated two million people worldwide . despite decades of research , the aetiology of ms and factors that affect disease progression and relapse rate are still debated .
symptoms of the disease are heterogeneous , and the c... | background . despite evidence of the potential importance of the role of health and lifestyle behaviours in multiple sclerosis ( ms ) outcomes ,
there has not been a significant focus on this area of research .
aim .
we aimed to recruit an international sample of people with ms at baseline and over a five - year ... |
there are three unpaired visceral branches of the abdominal aorta , the celiac trunk ( ct ) , the superior mesenteric artery ( sma ) and the inferior mesenteric artery ( i m a ) , proceeding in a cranio - caudal direction .
the two upper unpaired visceral branches originate from the aorta in a prefixed site at the le... | anatomical variations of the inferior mesenteric artery are extremely uncommon , since the inferior mesenteric artery is regularly diverged at the level of the third lumbar vertebra .
we found a rare case in which the inferior mesenteric artery arose from the superior mesenteric artery .
the findings were made duri... |
systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) is a multisystem , complex autoimmune disease characterized by autoantibody production and tissue injury .
the formation of immune complexes with these autoantibodies and their deposition in multiple organs contribute to eventual end - organ damage .
the disease commonly affects... | systemic lupus erythematosus ( sle ) is a prototypic systemic autoimmune disease .
adiponectin is an adipocyte - derived cytokine with anti - inflammatory , antidiabetic , and antiatherogenic properties .
no study has reported on the association between adiponectin ( adipoq ) gene and sle .
our aim is to investig... |
adenosine stress first - pass perfusion imaging is increasingly used for the detection of myocardial ischemia .
there is however still considerable heterogeneity in used clinical protocols . among others the use of (
semi- ) quantitative analysis or a more straightforward visual reading , which is more often used i... | to assess the inter - observer agreement of adenosine
stress-only visual analysis of perfusion mr images in relation to experience and reading criteria .
106 adenosine perfusion mr examinations out of 350 , 46 consecutive positive examinations and 60 randomly selected negative examinations were visually analysed by... |
the whale shark rhincodon typus and the reef manta ray manta alfredi are giant planktivorous elasmobranchs that are presumed to feed predominantly on aggregations of zooplankton in highly productive areas [ 1 , 2 ] .
direct studies on the diet of these elasmobranchs are limited to examination of a few stomach content... | fatty acid ( fa ) signature analysis has been increasingly used to assess dietary preferences and trophodynamics in marine animals .
we investigated fa signatures of connective tissue of the whale shark rhincodon typus and muscle tissue of the reef manta ray manta alfredi .
we found high levels of n-6 polyunsaturat... |
the most common sites for metastatic carcinoma are the lung , liver , and skeleton , respectively ( 1 ) .
most patients presenting with metastasis of an unknown primary cancer have a poor prognosis and short life expectancy , possibly due to dissemination of the cancer and multi - organ failure .
metastasis is g... | non - spine bone metastasis accounts for approximately 20% of all skeletal metastases , but little data have been published that focused on bone metastasis to the pelvis and extremities as an initial manifestation of cancer .
we determined 1 ) clinicopathologic characteristics of patients who presented with non - spi... |
cancer is second to cardiovascular disease as one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in kidney transplant recipients [ 13 ] .
an australian and new zealand ( anz ) study showed a 3- to 5-fold increase in overall cancer incidence ( excluding non - melanoma skin cancer ) .
the risk of developing a neoplas... | bladder malignancy in the kidney transplant recipient is rare and compared with the general population tends to be of high grade and have an aggressive clinical course . in this report
, we describe a case of urothelial carcinoma developing in a kidney transplant recipient 6 years after the diagnosis of polyomavirus ... |
hypophosphatemic rickets consists of inherited and acquired forms , which share common pathophysiology and clinical features . in hereditary cases , x - linked hypophosphatemic rickets ( xlh ) with inactivating mutations of the phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases
autosomal dominant hypophospha... | phosphate regulating gene with homologies to endopeptidases on the x - chromosome ( phex ) is a common cause of x - linked hypophosphatemic ( xlh ) rickets .
diverse phex gene mutations have been reported ; however , gene mutations in sporadic rickets are less common than in xlh rickets .
herein , we describe a 50-... |
eukaryotic cells enter mitosis with high levels of active cyclin - dependent kinase ( cdk ) , which phosphorylates numerous proteins , leading to an array of cellular changes .
high kinase levels are also important for maintaining the mitotic state ; inhibition of cdk in cells arrested in mitosis with spindle poisons... | the cell division cycle can be modelled as a series of quantitative thresholds of cyclin - dependent kinase ( cdk ) activity .
dna synthesis has a lower threshold requirement for cdk than does entry into mitosis , and mitotic exit and re - setting of replication origins occur upon collapse of cdk activity below both ... |
the importance of assessing the bone condition for the diagnosis , treatment planning and prognosis of periodontal disease is uncontested .
traditionally intra - oral periapical ( iopa ) radiograph are the mainstay to assess the periodontal bone loss , in addition to periodontal probing .
periodontal probing has it... | aims : the aim of the present study was to evaluate the accuracy of cone beam computed tomography ( cbct ) measurements of alveolar bone defects caused due to periodontal disease , by comparing it with actual surgical measurements which is the gold standard.materials and methods : hundred periodontal bone defects in fi... |
at an early stage in the discovery of x - chromosome inactivation ( xci ) , the phenomena seen in mouse x ; autosome translocations provided important clues . the first relevant observation that led to the discovery of xci was that female mice heterozygous for x - linked colour genes showed characteristic patterns of... | there is longstanding evidence that x - chromosome inactivation
( xci ) travels less successfully in autosomal than in x - chromosomal chromatin . the interspersed repeat elements line1s ( l1s ) have been suggested as candidates for boosters which promote the spread of xci in the x - chromosome .
the present pape... |
cystic fibrosis ( cf ) is the most common , life - shortening , recessive disease in caucasians with an average life expectancy of 40 years . in the majority of cases ,
cf is caused by mutations in the gene that encodes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( cftr ) protein [ 2 , 3 ] .
the cft... | there is evidence of intestinal inflammation in patients with cf .
intestinal inflammation may negatively impact the nutritional status of patient with cf , which adversely affects pulmonary function and survival .
this paper provides an up - to - date review of intestinal inflammation in cf and an evaluation of ut... |
the quadriceps muscles of the anterior thigh consist of the rectus femoris and the vasti :
the vastus medialis , the vastus lateralis and the vastus intermedius .
the vastus medialis
( vm ) originates from the lower part of the intertrochanteric line , medial lip of the
linea aspera and upper third of the media... | [ purpose ] this report describes an unusual incidental finding during ultrasound
investigation of the vastus medialis muscle .
volunteers underwent ultrasound scanning as
part of an on - going investigation into the architecture of the vastus medialis muscle .
[ subjects and methods ] the distal thighs of fort... |
spermatozoa are rich in polyunsaturated fatty acids as well as susceptible to be attacked by ros or membrane lipid peroxide ion .
the equilibrium between the amounts of ros produced and scavenged is related with the gamete cell stability and damage .
free radicals have beneficial or detrimental effects upon sperm f... | objectives : reactive oxygen species ( ros ) induced lipid peroxidation is associated with sperm function .
malondialdehyde ( mda ) concentration and glutathione peroxidase ( gpx ) activity represent the lipid peroxidation and spermicidal antioxidant , respectively .
we aimed to evaluate the relationship of mda and... |
it is characterized by progressive inflammation and fibrosis of the intra and extrahepatic bile ducts , which leads to progressive cholestasis , hepatic injury , and eventually liver cirrhosis ( 1 ) .
people with psc are at high risk of developing cholangiocarcinoma ( cca ) , the reported incidence of which varies ac... | background : primary sclerosing cholangitis ( psc ) is a chronic disease , characterized by chronic inflammation and fibrosis of bile duct epithelial cells .
this is a significant contributory factor to the development of malignancy , most commonly cholangiocarcinoma ( cca ) , which is the second most common malignan... |
we quantified the copy - number statistics of endogenous mrna using single - molecule fluorescence in situ hybridization ( smfish ) , following the method of , which we adapted for counting mrna in e. coli at single - transcript resolution ( see online methods ) .
briefly , a set of ~5070 fluorescently labeled oligon... | gene activity is described by the time - series of discrete , stochastic mrna production events .
this transcriptional time - series exhibits intermittent , bursty behavior .
one consequence of this temporal intricacy is that gene expression can be tuned by varying different features of the time - series .
what s... |
acdf is a commonly performed procedure for degenerative conditions of the cervical spine with a successful fusion rate of approximately 95% and with overall good to excellent results 1,2 .
the majority of patients present with combined complaints of axial neck pain with associated upper extremity radicular or myelopa... | study design : systematic reviewstudy rationale : anterior cervical discectomy and fusion ( acdf ) is a proven , effective treatment for relieving neck pain due to degenerative conditions of the cervical spine . since most patients also present with radiculopathy or myelopathy , little is known as to the effectivenes... |
supracondylar fractures are a common elbow injury in children accounting for 16% of all pediatric fractures and two - thirds of all hospitalizations for pediatric elbow injuries .
these are often significant fractures that may be associated with morbidity due to malunion , neurovascular complications , and compartm... | supracondylar fractures of the humerus are a common pediatric elbow injury that are historically associated with morbidity due to malunion , neurovascular complications , and compartment syndrome .
true anteroposterior and lateral radiographs are essential not only for an accurate diagnosis , but also for creating a ... |
our initial population consisted of 24 boys with autism spectrum disorder ( asd ) including autism , asperser and autism not otherwise specified ( nos ) recruited from the patients who referred to a child and adolescent psychiatric clinic .
a total number of 23 boys who were recruited from the elementary , middle , a... | objectiveincapability in face perception and recognition is one of the main issues in autism spectrum disorders ( asd ) . event related potential ( erp ) studies have revealed controversial insights on autistic brain responses to faces and objects .
the current investigation examined the erp components of young child... |
transcatheter aortic valve replacement ( tavr ) emerged just over a decade ago and changed the landscape of structural interventional cardiology . following the publication of three randomized trials
, tavr has been used with increasing frequency for the treatment of severe calcific aortic stenosis in patients who ha... | the introduction of transcatheter aortic valve replacement ( tavr in us - tavi in europe ) has resulted in a paradigm shift in the treatment of patients with severe aortic stenosis .
although three randomized trials and multiple single - center and multicenter registry studies have been published , the profile and lo... |
cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries , causing high health care utilisation costs .
elevated systolic blood pressure ( sbp ) , total cholesterol ( tc ) and smoking are the best known major risk factors of cvd ( vartiainen et al . , 2010 ) .
sbp (... | background / objectives : to predict the health economic consequences of modest reductions in the daily intake of salt ( 1.0 g per day ) and replacement of saturated fat ( sfa , 1.0 energy percent ( e% ) ) with polyunsaturated fat ( pufa , + 1.0 e% ) in the finnish population aged 3074 years.subjects/methods:a markov ... |
intracranial atherosclerosis ( icas ) is a major cause of stroke worldwide , and research on icas is therefore increasing .
although icas is more prevalent in the eastern hemisphere than in the western hemisphere , the study results from both hemispheres are generally similar .
for example , studies from both hemis... | intracranial atherosclerosis ( icas ) is a major cause of stroke worldwide and is more common in asians than caucasians .
the study results from the east and west are generally similar , but notable differences exist .
for example , studies from the east have reported that icas is associated with young age , wherea... |
self - assembly is defined by george whitesides as a process where pre - designed components assemble in a determined structure without the intervention of human operators .
this broad but carefully stated definition calls for three essential characteristics for a process to be termed self - assembly .
this inclu... | self - assembly is a powerful synthetic tool that has enabled chemists to construct numerous , structurally complex , supermolecules of various shapes , functionality , and dimensions from relatively simple precursors .
metal - organic polyhedra ( mops ) are an emerging family of self - assembled supermolecules that ... |
penetrating injuries to the tracheobronchial tree are common , but severe injuries such as tracheobronchial laceration or bronchial avulsion due to a blunt trauma are very rare .
most penetrating injuries to the tracheobronchial tree occur in the cervical area , but most blunt injuries occur in the distal trachea or ... | tracheobronchial avulsion resulting from blunt trauma is a very rare and serious condition , mostly due to high - speed traffic crashes . in this article
, we briefly report the case of an 18-year - old man who was injured in a car accident and because of massive persistent air leakage ( despite appropriate chest tub... |
the progression of the cellular cycle in eukariots is controlled by the interaction of cyclines and kinase - dependent cyclines ( cdks ) .
the formation of an active heterodimer through the interaction of cdks with cyclines is extremely necessary , because cyclines do not have their own catalytic activity , and cdks ... | a normal evolution of the cell - cycle phases consists of multiple consecutive events , which makes it a highly complex process .
its preservation is regulated by cyclin - cdks ( cyclin - dependent kinases ) interactions and protein degradation , which is often controlled by the ubiquitin - mediated proteolysis.the g... |
primary biliary cirrhosis ( pbc ) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease characterized by portal inflammation and immune - mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts , leading to fibrosis and liver cirrhosis .
primary sjgren 's syndrome ( pss ) is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infil... | primary biliary cirrhosis ( pbc ) is a chronic progressive autoimmune disease characterized by portal inflammation and immune - mediated destruction of the intrahepatic bile ducts .
primary sjgren 's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands , mainly the lachrymal ... |
cardiovascular disease comprises a variety of heart and vascular conditions including ischemia , atherosclerosis , peripheral artery disease , infective endocarditis , and acute myocardial infarction .
evidence suggests that an association between inflammatory markers such as interleukins , c - reactive proteins , pr... | background : the periodontal tissues mount an immune inflammatory response to bacteria and their products and the systemic challenge with these agents also induce a major vascular response .
although many studies have found a correlation between chronic periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases , the role of infectio... |
wires of dimension 0.017 inch 0.025 inch and of rectangular cross - section were acquired from eight different manufacturers and used for the study [ table 1 ] . from each group ,
five samples were used for tensile testing and nine samples were used for electrical resistivity tests .
all the wires used for testing... | introduction : the application of light and continuous forces for optimum physiological response and the least damage to the tooth supporting structures should be the primary aim of an orthodontist .
nickel - titanium ( niti ) alloys with their desirable properties are one of the natural choices of the clinicians.aim... |
randomised controlled trials ( rcts ) in surgery are uncommon and often more complex and difficult to design and implement than trials of pharmaceutical interventions .
the reasons for this include challenges with recruitment ( due to lack of clinical equipoise or treatment preference ) , difficulties with standardis... | backgroundrandomised controlled trials ( rcts ) in surgery are complex to design and conduct and face unique challenges compared to trials in other specialties .
the appropriate selection , measurement and reporting of outcomes are one aspect that requires attention .
outcomes in surgical rcts are often ill - defin... |
after coronary heart disease and cancer of all types , stroke is the third commonest cause of death worldwide .
furthermore , the available knowledge about the patho - physiologic mechanisms of stroke is limited .
the natural history of atherosclerosis is a long process including a period during which preclinical ... | background : inflammation mediates a key role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis which is an important cause of ischemic stroke . an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( esr ) may , therefore , be a marker of the extent andor intensity of a general atherosclerotic process and thus a marker for advanced atheros... |
electrophysiology brain slices were prepared from postnatal
day 1315 male wistar rats following a lethal dose of anesthetic
( isoflurane inhalation ) .
brains were dissected in ice - cold acsf ( in
mm , 119 nacl , 2.5 kcl , 1
nah2po4h2o , 26.2 nahco3 ,
10 glucose , 2.5 cacl2 , 9 mgso4 ) saturated with... | oxygen and glucose deprivation ( ogd ) induces delayed cell death in
hippocampal ca1 neurons via ca2+/zn2 + -permeable ,
glur2-lacking ampa receptors ( ampars ) . following ogd , synaptic ampar currents
in hippocampal neurons
show marked inward rectification and increased
sensitivity to channel blockers s... |
most principal neurons receive glutamatergic presynaptic inputs on spines , short protrusions of neuronal dendrites that act as the major glutamate reception compartments .
accordingly , spines play a key role in neuronal signaling , and the dynamic modulation of their molecular composition , structure , function , a... | summarydendritic spines are the major transmitter reception compartments of glutamatergic synapses in most principal neurons of the mammalian brain and play a key role in the function of nerve cell circuits . the formation of functional spine synapses is thought to be critically dependent on presynaptic glutamatergic s... |
all tissues used in this study were formalin - fixed and paraffinembedded nsclc tissues obtained from the kyungpook national university hospital between 1998 and 2008 .
two pathologists examined the slides of selected cases and reconfirmed the diagnoses of adc and sqcc according to the world health organization class... | background : aquaporins are water channel proteins that play a major role in the movement of water in various human tissues .
recently , it has been found that aquaporins have influence in the carcinogenesis of human malignancies .
we analyzed the prognostic impact of aquaporin 5 ( aqp5 ) in non - small lung cancer... |
copd is characterized by progressive airflow limitation and is associated with abnormal inflammatory response of the airways and lungs , caused by inhalation of noxious gases and particles , such as those contained in tobacco smoke.1 besides inducing lung damage , copd presents multisystemic manifestations and can be a... | purposeto evaluate the heart rate variability ( hrv ) indices and heart rate ( hr ) responses during isometric contraction ( ic ) and valsalva maneuver ( vm ) in copd patients.methodstwenty-two stable moderate to severe copd patients were evaluated .
r - r intervals were recorded ( monitor polar s810i ) during domina... |
in recent years , plant derived polymers have evoked tremendous interest due to their diverse pharmaceutical applications such as diluents , binders , disintegrants in tablets , thickeners in oral liquids , protective colloids in suspensions , gelling agents in gels , and bases in suppository ; they are also used in co... | mucilage isolated from seeds of manilkara zapota ( linn . ) p. royen syn . is a plant growing naturally in the forests of india .
this mucilage is yet to be commercially exploited , and characterized as polymer .
various physicochemical methods like particle size analysis , scanning electron microscopy , thermal an... |
locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) frequently accompanies portal vein tumor thrombosis ( pvtt ) , with a reported incidence of 21% to 35% .
chemoembolization and/or radiation therapy ( rt ) is a treatment option in asian - pacific regions , while sorafenib alone is recommended by the barcelona clinic l... | purposein this study , we retrospectively investigated the prevalence of arterioportal ( ap ) shunts in hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) patients with portal vein tumor thrombosis ( pvtt ) and evaluated the changes in ap shunts after chemoembolization followed by external beam radiation therapy ( ebrt).materials and me... |
pneumoperitoneum affects homeostasis and leads to alterations in cardiovascular , pulmonary physiology and stress response .
cardiovascular changes include increase in mean arterial pressure ( map ) with no significant change in heart rate,[13 ] decrease in cardiac output and increase in systemic vascular resistance ... | background : both magnesium and clonidine are known to inhibit catecholamine and vasopressin release and attenuate hemodynamic response to pneumoperitoneum .
this randomized , double blinded , placebo controlled study has been designed to assess which agent attenuates hemodynamic stress response to pneumoperitoneum b... |
a catalytic method
for the efficient and enantioselective addition
of a 1-trimethylsilyl - substituted allene moiety to phosphinoylimines
is presented .
transformations are promoted by 5.0 mol % of a copper
complex of an n - heterocyclic carbene in the presence of a propargylboron
reagent that can be readil... | |
salivary gland cancers are rare , comprising only 35% of all head and neck cancers , with a diverse spectrum of histologic subtypes and natural history .
multiple retrospective studies have shown that in high - grade tumors , advanced stage ( t3/4 ) , and/or inadequately excised tumors , adjuvant rt is superior to su... | purposethe purpose of this study was to review a single - institution experience with the reirradiation of recurrent salivary gland tumors using fractionated stereotactic radiosurgery ( sbrt).methodsbetween 2003 and 2011 , 18 patients diagnosed with recurrent , previously irradiated , salivary gland carcinomas were tre... |
pulmonary veins carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart .
there are typically four pulmonary veins : the right superior , right inferior , left superior , and left inferior .
tumor thrombosis from pulmonary veins can enter centrally into the left atrium [ 24 ] or extend peripherally fr... | background .
we studied the role of pulmonary veins in cancer progression using computed tomography ( ct ) scans .
methods .
we obtained data from 260 patients with pulmonary vein obstruction syndrome ( pvos ) .
we used ct scans to investigate pulmonary lesions in relation to pulmonary veins .
we divided the ... |
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