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according to the dsm - iiir ( the diagnostic and statistical manual , 3rd edition , revised ) the essential feature of dementia is impairment in short- and long - term memory , associated with impairment in abstract thinking , impaired judgment , other disturbances of higher cortical function , or personality change . ... | dementia is a complex disorder that mostly affects the elderly and represents a significant and growing public health burden in the world .
alzheimer 's disease ( ad)- associated dementia and dementia with lewy bodies ( dlb ) are the most common forms of dementia , in which oxidative stress is significantly involved ... |
central retinal vein occlusion ( crvo ) is one of the major retinal vascular disorders causing severe visual loss .
although grid laser treatment reduces angiographic macular edema , it does not improve visual acuity .
recent studies suggest that intravitreal steroid and antivascular endothelial growth factor ( a... | purpose . to evaluate the clinical outcomes in patients with central retinal vein occlusion ( crvo ) treated with full - thickness retinochoroidal incisions and to compare whether there is difference in treatment response in ischemic and nonischemic crvo
. methods .
retrospective study of patients of crvo receiving... |
the 50 years between the discovery of the dna structure and the determination of the sequence of the human genome produced spectacular advances in knowledge and techniques that have thoroughly altered our understanding of basic biology and diseases of every kind . biological science been transformed .
virtually all l... | much of the spectacular progress in biomedical science over the last half - century is the direct consequence of the work of thousands of basic scientists whose primary goal was understanding of the fundamental working of living things . despite this , many politicians , funders , and even scientists have come to belie... |
today , lowland amazonia is famous for its biodiversity , which obviously root in pre - quaternary times ( e.g. , haffer , 2008 ; hoorn et al .
the evolution of the modern amazon system and its precursors is synoptically summarised recently ( hoorn and wesselingh , 2010 ; hoorn et al . , 2010a ) .
. nevertheless ... | western amazonia 's landscape and biota were shaped by an enormous wetland during the miocene epoch . among the most discussed topics of this ecosystem range the question on the transitory influx of marine waters .
inter alia the occurrence of typically brackish water associated ostracods is repeatedly consulted to i... |
previous studies have revealed marked differences in the incidence of leukemia between rats and mice exposed to 1,3-butadiene that do not appear to be readily explained on the basis of pharmacokinetics or metabolism .
chronic exposure to 1,3-butadiene results in a high incidence of thymic lymphoma in b6c3f1 mice that... | |
during a 12-month period , us - fnab - cytology and fnab - tg measurements of suspected metastatic nodes were performed in 161 consecutive ptc patients at two institutions ( seoul national university hospital and the thyroid clinic at daerim saint mary 's hospital ) .
the institutional review board approved this retr... | objectiveour goals were to determine the added value of fine - needle aspiration biopsy ( fnab)-thyroglobulin ( tg ) measurements over fnab - cytology alone for diagnosing metastatic nodes , and to determine whether the ultrasound features of lymph nodes can be used to identify lymph nodes that may benefit from fnab - ... |
in a multimodality treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer , preoperative chemoradiotherapy ( crt ) has been widely implemented because randomised trials indicated that its outcomes are superior to postoperative crt in terms of local control , sphincter preservation and toxicity .
in addition to better outcomes o... | purposethe objective of this study was to explore the relationship between the circulating lymphocyte level during preoperative chemoradiotherapy ( crt ) and pathologic complete response ( pcr ) in locally advanced rectal cancer.materials and methodsfrom may 2010 to may 2013 , 52 patients treated with preoperative crt ... |
immune cells must coordinate their activity at multiple timescales and mount a finely tuned protective response while avoiding tissue damage .
a plethora of signaling molecules , regulatory pathways , and network motifs are employed to distinguish self from foreign and calculate intensity and duration of the immune r... | summarycells receive time - varying signals from the environment and generate functional responses by secreting their own signaling molecules .
characterizing dynamic input - output relationships in single cells is crucial for understanding and modeling cellular systems .
we developed an automated microfluidic syst... |
clinically and/or radiologically these lesions are often misinterpreted as meningioma , which may delay surgery and consequently have a deleterious impact on patient care . en plaque lesions refer to a flattened sheath of tumor , taking the shape of an underlying bone .
we report a case of dural metastasis which on p... | metastatic adenocarcinoma mimicking meningioma is rare ; and any metastatic lesion masquerading as an en plaque meningioma is extremely rare .
we report the case of a 50-year - old female , who presented with headache and left hemiparesis for 1 month and on imaging showed a dural - based enhancing mass along the righ... |
age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) remains the leading cause of irreversible visual loss among the elderly in developed nations.1 in 2004 , the prevalence of amd in the us was estimated to be 1.47% , indicating approximately 1.75 million patients , and was projected to increase to 2.95 million by 2020.2 the age... | the age - related eye disease study ( areds ) recommended treatment with antioxidants plus zinc in patients with intermediate or advanced age - related macular degeneration in order to reduce progression risks .
recent pharmacogenetic studies have reported differences in treatment outcomes with respect to variants in... |
the traditional ghanaian society is pro - natal ( nukunya , 2003 ) , where the ultimate purpose of marriage is to produce children who will continue the name of the family ( gyekye , 1996 ) . the joy of couples is to have children after marriage since
voluntary childlessness is very uncommon in ghana , and married wo... | the association of childless couples of ghana ( accog ) is a ghanaian non - faith based non - governmental organization .
accog provides a platform for childless couples to find options for accessible infertility care .
it provides counselling and other support services to childless couples to enable them to cope w... |
chronic migraine ( cm ) is a debilitating neurological disorder that affects approximately 2% of the general population.13 cm is currently defined as headache on 15 or more days per month , for more than 3 months , which has the features of migraine headache on at least 8 days / month.4 cm is associated with signi... | objectivethe approved use of onabotulinumtoxina for prophylaxis of headaches in patients with chronic migraine ( cm ) involves treatment every 12 weeks .
it is currently unknown whether patients who fail to respond to the first onabotulinumtoxina treatment cycle will respond to subsequent treatment cycles . to help ... |
we used formalin - fixed and paraffin - embedded tissues from surgically resected stage ii or iii crcs that were registered to the department of pathology at wonju severance christian hospital between january 2000 and december 2006 .
clinicopathological data of patient age , sex , tumor location , invasion depth , hi... | backgroundcancer stem cells have been investigated as new targets for colorectal cancer ( crc ) treatment .
we recently reported that cd133 + colon cancer cells showed chemoresistance to 5-fluorouracil through increased survivin expression and proposed the survivin inhibitor ym155 as an effective therapy for colon ca... |
uterine cystic neoformations are rare , but they should always be investigated to differentiate a benign from a malignant pathology .
transvaginal ultra - sonography , mri , and blood tests are the main investigations for diagnosing these lesions , avoiding over- or undertreatment .
we report the hysteroscopic empt... | background : uterine cystic neoformations are rare , but they should always be investigated to differentiate a benign from a malignant pathology .
transvaginal ultra - sonography , mri , and blood tests are the main investigations for diagnosing these lesions , avoiding over- or undertreatment .
hysteroscopy might ... |
obesity and migraine represent two major public health problems in adults as well as in children .
since simple measuring of body fat in children is difficult , obesity is usually estimated using body mass index ( bmi)1 .
bmi is calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared , and country - s... | obesity and migraine are both highly prevalent disorders in the general population , influenced by genetic and environmental risk factors . in recent studies ,
obesity was found to be a strong risk factor for transformed migraine and , among migraineurs , obesity was associated with frequent headaches and higher disa... |
amorphous ices are the dominant form of water in the universe , even though they do not naturally form on earth 's lithosphere .
they may occasionally form at < 150 k in the coldest region of earth 's atmosphere , near the mesopause at altitudes of about 80 km .
the most widespread occurrence of amorphous ice is... | there has been a long controversy regarding the glass transition in low - density amorphous ice ( lda ) .
the central question is whether or not it transforms to an ultraviscous liquid state above 136 k at ambient pressure prior to crystallization .
currently , the most widespread interpretation of the experimenta... |
mucoid degeneration and ganglion cysts arising from the posterior cruciate ligament ( pcl ) of the knee are rare .
the aetiology , clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) appearance of pcl mucoid degeneration and intercondylar ganglion cyst are discussed .
we present a 36 year - old male patient wh... | introduction : mucoid degeneration and ganglion cysts arising from the posterior cruciate ligament ( pcl ) of the knee are rare .
the aetiology , clinical features and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) appearance of pcl mucoid degeneration and intercondylar ganglion cyst are discussed.case report : we present a 36 y... |
this study complies with the declaration of helsinki and has ethical approval for the recruitment of patients and volunteers ( guy s & st .
all subjects were provided with written information regarding the study , and written consent was obtained .
patients with a clinical diagnosis of cli ( confirmed by ct angiogr... | backgrounduse of blood oxygenation level - dependent cardiovascular magnetic resonance ( bold - cmr ) to assess perfusion in the lower limb has been hampered by poor reproducibility and a failure to reliably detect post - revascularization improvements in patients with critical limb ischemia ( cli).objectivesthis study... |
lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer - related deaths in both men and women worldwide .
the upward trend in lung cancer mortality is due to lack of significant markers for early detection and treatment .
lung cancer , the leading cancer killer among men and women worldwide , is considered to be a deadly illne... | lung cancer accounts for the majority of cancer - related deaths worldwide of which non - small - cell lung carcinoma alone takes a toll of around 85% .
platinum - based therapy is the stronghold for lung cancer at present .
the discovery of various molecular alterations that underlie lung cancer has contributed to... |
a 27-year - old male presented to an outside facility in 2002 for abdominal pain and massive hematochezia . esophagogastroduodenoscopy ( egd ) was non - diagnostic .
colonoscopy showed a long linear bleeding ulceration in the ascending colon leading to surgical laparotomy to perform a right hemicolectomy , but not in... | a 27-year - old male presented with recurrent abdominal pain and high volume hematochezia despite undergoing extensive testing and a right hemicolectomy 3 years prior for a linear bleeding ulceration in the ascending colon .
studies at the university of michigan included esophagogastroduodenoscopy ( egd ) , colonosco... |
mycosis fungoides ( mf ) is the most common type of cutaneous t - cell lymphoma ( ctcl ) and is characterized by malignant proliferation of skin - homing cd4 + t cells of unknown etiology .
clinically , eczematous and/or psoriasiform patches and plaques are the most common presentation , which may progress to cutaneo... | melanocytic nevi represent a widespread cutaneous finding .
nevertheless , the presence of mycosis fungoides and melanocytic nevi in the same location is an extremely rare event .
we report the case of a patient affected by mycosis fungoides and treated with puva therapy , with complete remission of the disease .
... |
all investigations adhered to the tenets of the declaration of helsinki , and the study was approved by the institutional review board of the joslin diabetes center .
written informed consent was obtained from each study participant before any study procedures were performed . for this cross - sectional study
, 53 ... | purposeto determine whether cone density , spacing , or regularity in eyes with and without diabetes ( dm ) as assessed by high - resolution adaptive optics scanning laser ophthalmoscopy ( aoslo ) correlates with presence of diabetes , diabetic retinopathy ( dr ) severity , or presence of diabetic macular edema ( dme).... |
as delivery attendants , mrs killer , mrs tipler , mrs blood and dr crook conjure up an image of a team of careless , drink - sodden , disease - spreading , overcharging scoundrels .
images of birth attendants even up to the early twentieth century have been tainted by such portrayals , fostered by the survival of th... | after the passing of the 1902 midwives act , a growing proportion of women were delivered by trained and supervised midwives
. standards of midwifery should therefore have improved over the first three decades of the twentieth century , yet nationally this was not reflected in the main outcome measures ( stillbirths ... |
pulse oximetry is used almost universally in the management of critically ill patients in the intensive care unit and operating theatre .
its uses include the detection of hypoxia , avoidance of hyperoxia , reduction in the frequency of blood gas analysis , titration of fractional inspired oxygen and for weaning fr... | introductionthis study investigates the relation between changes in pulse oximeter oxygen saturation ( spo2 ) and changes in arterial oxygen saturation ( sao2 ) in the critically ill , and the effects of acidosis and anaemia on precision of using pulse oximetry to predict sao2.patients and methodsforty - one consecutiv... |
epitope tagging of endogenous genes and gene deletions were performed by gene targeting using polymerase chain reaction products .
integrative expression vectors for cdh1(m11 ) and cdc14 under control of the gall and gal1 promoters , respectively , were as described6,13 , the yiplac211gal1-sic1(m3)-ha vector was a gi... | the eukaryotic cell cycle comprises an ordered series of events , orchestrated by the activity of cyclin - dependent kinases ( cdks ) , leading from chromosome replication during s - phase to their segregation in mitosis .
the unidirectionality of cell cycle transitions is fundamental for successful completion of thi... |
ovarian transposition has proven to be an invaluable procedure in the maintenance of ovarian function in the premenopausal patient undergoing radiotherapy .
the criteria for ovarian transposition in cervical cancer , though not standardized throughout the world , generally include squamous cell , early - stage tumors... | a 35-year - old woman underwent laparoscopic radical hysterectomy , pelvic lymphadenectomy and ovarian transposition for stage ib2 cervical adenocarcinoma .
she received adjuvant concurrent chemoradiation for poor pathologic risk factors but had tumor recurrence 20 months after the surgery .
transposed ovaries were... |
the cavernous angioma , also known as the cavernous malformation or cavernoma , is one of the vascular malformations characterized by the presence of sinusoid - like capillary vessels containing blood in very sluggish circulation ( 1 ) .
intracranial cavernous angiomas are mostly parenchymal lesions and extra - axial... | intracranial cavernous angiomas are benign vascular malformations and can be divided into intra - axial and extra - axial lesions .
extra - axial cavernous angiomas are relatively rare and usually arise in relation to the dura mater and mimick meningiomas .
we report a case of cavernous angioma that occured in the ... |
meningococcal disease ( mcd ) continues to be the most common infective cause of death in children . in this issue of the journal , maat et al . describe a paediatric intensive care unit ( picu ) based study describing their experience of managing children with mcd ( specifically , sepsis and purpura ) over an 18 year ... | recent years have seen a marked reduction in the mortality of children with meningococcal disease in paediatric intensive care units ( picu ) ; the reasons for this improvement are multifactorial .
the mortality rates for critically ill children overall have improved and reasons for this are probably increased centra... |
when making decisions , people will be influenced by the different semantic descriptions of the same issue , and have different risk preferences , which is called the framing effect indicating that people make decisions based on the potential value of losses and gains rather than the final outcome .
for example , in ... | numerous studies have demonstrated the robustness of the framing effect in a variety of contexts , especially in medical decision making .
unfortunately , research is still inconsistent as to how so many variables impact framing effects in medical decision making .
additionally , much attention should be paid to th... |
nowadays , context - specific changes in gene expression levels can be easily monitored on a genome - wide scale by using microarray analysis and serial analysis of gene expression , but the molecular mechanisms and the specific transcription factors ( tfs ) that drive those specific changes remain unknown in most case... | transcription factors ( tfs ) are key components in signaling pathways , and the presence of their binding sites in the promoter regions of dna is essential for their regulation of the expression of the corresponding genes .
orthologous promoter sequences are commonly used to increase the specificity with which poten... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) is one of the most common communicable diseases world and continues to be a major global health problem .
it causes disease among millions of people each year , and , after hiv , it ranks as the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide . in the last 30 years ,
migration... | backgroundtuberculosis is the second leading cause of death from infectious disease .
insufficient knowledge among doctors about tuberculosis is one of the reasons for the increased tuberculosis rates in several low - endemic countries .
the purpose of this study was to assess knowledge , experience , and attitude ... |
while our armamentarium used to treat squamous cell cancers of the head and neck
( hnscc ) has greatly expanded with the addition of chemoradiation , intensity modulated radiation therapy ( imrt )
, and biological agents , the progression free survival rates have
increased only slightly while the overall survival... | abstractobjectivescancer is likely caused by alterations in gene structure or expression .
recently , next generation sequencing has documented mutations in 106 head
and neck squamous cell cancer genomes , suggesting several new candidate
genes .
however , it remains difficult to determine which mutations direc... |
the human pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ( pdhc ) , which is localized in the mitochondrial matrix , catalyzes the thiamine - dependent decarboxylation of pyruvate to acetyl - coa .
it plays an important role in energy metabolism of the cell since it is an essential and rate - limiting enzyme connecting glycolysis wi... | pyruvate dehydrogenase complex ( pdhc ) deficiency is mostly due to mutations in the x - linked e1 subunit gene ( pdha1 ) .
some of the patients with pdhc deficiency showed clinical improvements with thiamine treatment .
we report the results of biochemical and molecular analysis in a female patient with lactic aci... |
, the periodontal disease remains at higher levels and cvds are predicted to rise to epidemic levels . in developed and developing countries ,
cvds are one of the leading causes of death and the main underlying pathological process is atherosclerosis .
no single factor can account for all the causes of cvd , and a ... | large proportion of asian populations have moderate to severe periodontal disease and a substantial number are anticipated to be at high risk of cardiovascular diseases ( cvd ) .
this study reviews epidemiology and association of periodontal and cvds from the south - asian region .
observational studies and clinica... |
nursing homes face challenges in the coming years due to an increased number of elderly .
quality will be under pressure , expectations of the services will rise , and clinical complexity will grow .
modern clinical information systems with decision support may be part of that . based on clinical experience and inf... | background . nursing homes face challenges in the coming years due to the increased number of elderly .
quality will be under pressure , expectations of the services will rise , and clinical complexity will grow .
new strategies are needed to meet this situation .
modern clinical information systems with decision... |
diabetes mellitus prevalence is increasing at alarming rates , and this ailment has become a major public health problem worldwide . according to the international diabetes federation ( idf ) , 360 million individuals suffered from diabetes in 2011 , a number expected to rise to 522 million with a prevalence of 7.7% in... | objective . by assessing its circulating concentrations in type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) patients , we aimed to explore the associations of betatrophin with various metabolic parameters and evaluate its diagnostic value in t2 dm . methods
. a total of 58 non - diabetes - mellitus ( ndm ) subjects and 73 age- and... |
advance ( accelerating data value across a national community health center network ) is led by the ochin community health information network in partnership with the health choice network ( hcn ) and fenway health .
funded by the patient center outcomes research institute as a clinical data research network ( cdrn )... | the advance ( accelerating data value across a national community health center network ) clinical data research network ( cdrn ) is led by the ochin community health information network in partnership with health choice network and fenway health .
the advance cdrn will horizontally integrate outpatient electronic h... |
patients with borderline personality disorder ( bpd ) show significant impairment in the domain of interpersonal and social functioning and may be heavy users of health and social services resources , albeit with little beneficial outcome .
bpd affects approximately 1% to 2% of the general population and up to 20% of... | patients with borderline personality disorder ( bpd ) show significant impairment in functioning , particularly in the interpersonal and social domains .
prior reports suggest that clozapine may be effective in the management of bpd .
we present the case of a patient with bpd who experienced persistent suicidal ide... |
the exposure to smoking during adolescence has various important implications on the well - being and health of the adolescent , both cross - sectional and longitudinal.1 a cohort study in the usa has shown that half of the students who have experimented with tobacco smoke on a daily basis 1 year later.2 the nicotine ... | backgroundvery few studies have examined the role of school , household and family contexts in youth smoking in middle - income countries.methodsthis work describes smoking exposure among 59 992 high school students who took part in the brazilian survey of school health and investigates contextual factors associated w... |
a 61-year - old smoker woman was admitted to the emergency department with retrosternal localized typical acute chest pain that started three days prior to presentation .
pain occurred at rest and was associated with shortness of breath . upon arrival to the emergency room patient
the heart and lung examinations we... | we report two cases of immune thrombocytopenic purpura ( itp ) associated with acute coronary artery syndrome highlighting the interventions done in every case along with the medications used during intervention and as outpatient .
the first case is that of a woman with itp exacerbation while on dual antiplatelet the... |
for aim 1 , subjects for this retrospective analysis were a random sample of 53 of 400 adolescents with type 1 diabetes followed in our clinic who had agreed to undergo abpm .
a spacelabs 90217 portable oscillometric recorder ( spacelabs , kaarst , germany ) was used with four different cuff sizes ( 1220 , 1726 , 243... | objective the purpose of this study was to screen adolescents with type 1 diabetes using ambulatory blood pressure monitoring ( abpm ) to 1 ) test the hypothesis that using a preset sleep time results in an overdiagnosis of abnormal nocturnal dipping in systolic blood pressure and 2 ) assess the reproducibility of an ... |
total laryngectomy is the surgical procedure in which the larynx is totally removed , and the airway is interrupted ; the respiration is performed through a tracheal stoma resulting from the tracheostomy .
this creates a complete and permanent separation of the superior part of the airway from the inferior one , resu... | the fundamental objective in restoring a defect created after total laryngectomy with a custom made silicone prosthesis is to enable the patient to cope better with the difficult process of rehabilitation after a major surgery has been performed . a cosmetically acceptable prosthesis that reproduces the color and form ... |
herpes zoster is a localized disease characterized by unilateral radicular pain and a vesicular eruption caused by the varicella zoster virus .
in addition to sensory neurons , it may also affect motor neurons in rare cases .
herpes zoster ophthalmicus has caused extraocular muscle palsies of the third , fourth , a... | only a few reports have focused on ocular motor paralysis in herpes zoster ophthalmicus .
we report a case of ocular motor paralysis resulting from herpes zoster .
the patient , an 80-yr - old woman , presented with grouped vesicles , papules , and crusting in the left temporal area and scalp , with diplopia , impa... |
approval by the institutional review board of the university of pittsburgh , parental consent and child assent were obtained prior to any research procedure . a total of 204 overweight / obese youth ( according to age- and sex - specific bmi percentiles ) ( 89 african americans and 115 caucasians ; 88 males and 116 fem... | objectivethe recommended hba1c diagnostic categories remain controversial and their utility in doubt in pediatrics .
we hypothesized that alterations in the pathophysiologic mechanisms of type 2 diabetes may be evident in the american diabetes association recommended at - risk / prediabetes category ( hba1c 5.7 to < ... |
chronic pain has a high prevalence in europe and elsewhere , and is often under - recognized and not adequately treated .
the burden of under - treated chronic pain on affected individuals , society , and healthcare systems is considerable .
a large survey conducted in 13 european countries has revealed that gps fi... | treatment of chronic pain is challenging .
the arkys project was initiated in italy to assist general practitioners ( gps ) in the management of chronic pain .
the main objective of this study was to determine the usefulness of arkys for selecting new therapeutic strategies .
an online interactive questionnaire f... |
our institutional review board approved this retrospective study and waived the requirement for patient informed consent . among patients referred for trus with abnormal prostate specific antigen ( psa ) levels
( > 3.0 ng / ml ) or a palpable abnormality detected on a digital rectal examination ( dre ) between july 2... | objectiveto improve the diagnostic efficacy of transrectal ultrasound ( trus)-guided targeted prostatic biopsies , we have suggested the use of a new scoring system for the prediction of malignancies regarding the characteristics of focal suspicious lesions as depicted on trus.materials and methodsa total of 350 consec... |
hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is the most frequent primary malignant tumor of liver cells [ 13 ] .
it is currently the fifth most common cancer and the third most common reason for cancer - related mortality worldwide [ 16 ] .
hcc mainly occurs in a damaged organ ; liver cirrhosis as a result of viral hepatitis ... | the implementation of the milan criteria ( mc ) in 1996 has dramatically improved prognosis after liver transplantation ( lt ) in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) .
liver transplantation has , thereby , become the standard therapy for patients with early - stage
hcc on liver cirrhosis .
the mc were... |
lewis made a remarkable observation by applying classical genetic methods on the genes of the bithorax complex ( bx - c ) of the drosophila embryo : he noticed that a set of genes located in sequence along the telomeric to centromeric direction on the third chromosome are activated in ontogenetic modules following the ... | hox gene collinearity relates the gene order of the hox cluster in the chromosome ( telomeric to centromeric end ) with the serial activation of these genes in the ontogenetic units along the anterior - posterior embryonic axis .
although this collinearity property is well respected in bilaterians ( e.g. vertebrates ... |
perforations represent pathologic or iatrogenic communications between the root canal space and the periradicular tissue .
common causes of perforations are resorptive defects , caries , or iatrogenic events that occur during or following an endodontic treatment .
several factors may interfere with the repair of th... | the aim of this study was the comparative evaluation of inflammatory reactions and tissue responses to four growth factors , or mineral trioxide aggregate ( mta ) , or a zinc - oxide - eugenol - based cement ( irm ) as controls , when used for the repair of furcal perforations in dogs ' teeth .
results showed signifi... |
recq helicases are a subgroup of dna helicases that are highly conserved from bacteria to man .
the family ofrecq helicases is named after the recq gene of escherichia coli and has the activity of unwinding dna in the 35 direction in relation to the dna strand in which the enzyme is bound .
there are at least five ... | recq dna helicases function during dna replication and are essential for the maintenance of genome stability .
there is increasing evidence that spontaneous genomic instability occurs primarily during dna replication , and that proteins involved in the s - phase checkpoint are a principal defence against such instabi... |
the latter enters the cranium via the mastoid foramen to supply the dura of the posterior fossa .
it also participates in anastomoses with other vessels , most important one being the vertebral artery and branches of anterior inferior cerebellar artery .
the transmastoid artery is an important feeder to posterior f... | the transmastoid branch of the occipital artery is an important supply to posterior fossa vascular malformations and tumors and is often difficult to catheterize due to tortuosity and a transforaminal course . in very difficult situations
, we can try to induce spasm of the occipital artery just beyond the origin of ... |
snp array revealed a 195 kb homozygous deletion encompassing the entire slc34a2 gene , not reported previously in pam .
our findings underline that deletions of this gene should be analyzed in patients with a clinical diagnosis of pam .
a 20yearold woman without a relevant medical history was referred to the hospit... | key clinical messagewith around 500 cases published worldwide , pulmonary alveolar microlithiasis is a rare disorder with an autosomal recessive pattern of inheritance .
we show for the first time that homozygous deletions encompassing the entire scl34a2 can be associated with this rare genetic pulmonary disease . |
they share clinical , radiological , and immunological features with a spectrum of disorders and diagnosis depends on careful integration of clinical , and laboratory features .
limbic encephalitis was first described in the year 1960 as both paraneoplastic and also as a de novo entity .
they are of several types w... | introduction : autoimmune encephalitis is a group of treatable noninfective encephalitic disorders with great clinical implications . they have a close resemblance to prion disease and some slow virus infections .
we report the presence of significant titers of antimeasles antibody in some of our patients with autoim... |
the prevalence of self - reported knee pain was 30.9% of adult population 40 years in a cross - sectional survey , and has increased significantly over 20 years . although knee joint pain is most often due to osteoarthritis ( oa ) , any of the knee joint structures including ligaments , tendons , cartilage , and bursae... | abstractbackground : nutraceuticals containing cis-9-cetylmyristoleate ( cmo ) are used to improve knee pain despite the lack of placebo - controlled studies in humans .
the aim of the study was to explore the minimal effective dose of cmo for relieving knee joint pain.methods:twenty-eight subjects with mild degree a... |
the most frequent type of supernumerary tooth is the mesiodens , located between the central incisors in the anterior maxilla12 .
. a mesiodens , which is often located on the palatal side of the root of a deciduous tooth , can interfere with the eruption of the permanent incisor or can cause malocclusion such as rot... | objectivesa mesiodens appears most commonly as a supernumerary tooth impacted in the anterior maxilla .
the purpose of this study is analyze mesiodens clinically.materials and methodsgender , crown form , direction of impaction , relation to permanent incisors , and chief complaints of patients with extracted mesiode... |
blood brain barrier ( bbb ) is the major challenge that limits the application of neurotherapeutics for the treatment of neurological disorders .
the bbb is formed by a membranous network of brain capillary endothelial cells ( bcec ) , connected through tight junctions .
this close - knit microenvironment is howeve... | neurodegeneration is characterized by progressive loss of structure and function of neurons .
several therapeutic methods and drugs are available to alleviate the symptoms of these diseases .
the currently used delivery strategies such as implantation of catheters , intracarotid infusions , surgeries , and chemothe... |
the horses used in this study
were submitted for necropsy to the laboratory of veterinary pathology of rakuno gakuen university .
the age of the horses ranged from about 90 days of fetus gestation to 24 years of
age .
there were a variety of clinical and pathological
diagnoses , but ocular abnormalities were ... | in horse , the characterizations of hyalocytes under the steady state are still unclear . therefore , we
investigated characterizations of hyalocytes in normal equine eyes by their immunohistochemical phenotype ,
histomorphology and distribution .
thirty - one eyes from 18 horses , divided into 4 groups ( g ) by ... |
peripheral t - cell lymphoma ( ptcl ) is a heterogeneous group of non - hodgkin 's lymphomas ( nhl ) characterized by poor treatment outcome with conventional chemotherapy .
anthracycline - based chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for patients with ptcl although such regimens have failed to induce sustained ... | anthracycline - based chemotherapy remains standard treatment for peripheral t - cell lymphoma ( ptcl ) although its benefits have been questioned .
we performed systematic literature review and meta - analyses examining the complete response ( cr ) and overall survival ( os ) rates for patients with ptcl .
the cr ... |
the knee joint is stabilised by passive restraints , such as the capsule and ligaments , as well as active restraints .
it has been suggested that the ligaments of the knee may contribute to active stability by providing proprioceptive input to the nervous system , which in turn would adjust muscle contraction accord... | aim . to investigate the existence of neural structures within the meniscofemoral ligaments ( mfls ) of the human knee
. methods .
the mfls from 8 human cadaveric knees were harvested .
5 m sections were h&e - stained and examined under light microscopy .
the harvested ligaments were then stained using an s100... |
nontraditional biomarkers of hyperglycemia ( fructosamine , glycated albumin , and 1,5-anhydroglucitol [ 1,5-ag ] ) have emerged as possible adjuncts to the traditional biomarkers , fasting glucose and hba1c ( 1,2 ) .
hba1c is the proportion of hemoglobin in red blood cells bound to glucose ( specifically , glucose t... | objectivewe compared levels and associations of traditional ( fasting glucose , hba1c ) and nontraditional ( fructosamine , glycated albumin , and 1,5-anhydroglucitol [ 1,5-ag ] ) biomarkers of hyperglycemia with incident cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) , incident end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) , and prevalent retin... |
as a fact , periodontal diseases result from interactions between specific subgingival microbial species and the susceptible host , leading to the release of inflammatory mediators which in turn mediate tissue destruction .
these molecular messengers are elements of effective innate and adaptive responses and cause f... | objective : interleukin-1 ( il-1 ) is one of the most important cytokines which seems to have an important role in the inflammatory process in gingival and peri - implant tissues .
the aim of this split - mouth study was to investigate the relationship between the concentration of il-1 in gingival crevicular fluid ( ... |
allergy to the venom of hymenoptera species is a classical ige - mediated allergic disease caused by the crosslinking of receptor - bound ige antibodies on the surface of mast cells and basophils .
hymenoptera venom allergy is one of the most severe hypersensitivity reactions with regard to the high risk of anaphylac... | anaphylaxis due to hymenoptera stings is one of the most severe consequences of ige - mediated hypersensitivity reactions .
although allergic reactions to hymenoptera stings are often considered as a general model for the underlying principles of allergic disease , diagnostic tests are still hampered by a lack of spe... |
migraine is a common health condition , with an estimated prevalence of 6% among men and 16% among women .
however , prompt diagnosis can be difficult given the multiple and rare forms of migraine ; in these cases , treatment is frequently delayed at the expenses of the patient .
a rare form of migraine is hemipleg... | hemiplegic migraine is a rare and complex disease , characterized by migraine with a reversible motor aura .
hemiplegic migraine can be easily misdiagnosed at its first presentation with an atypical severe form of migraine , a stroke , multiple sclerosis , metabolic disorders , conversion disorder or an epilepsy .
... |
a 55-year - old previously healthy woman presented with a year - long history of progressive rigidity of the lower limb muscles . she had experienced constant thigh pain on both sides and difficulty in walking . she occasionally fell to the ground because of a sudden spasm precipitated by startle .
physical examinati... | stiff - person syndrome ( sps ) is a rare disorder , characterized by progressive fluctuating muscular rigidity and spasms .
glutamic acid decarboxylase ( gad ) antibody is primarily involved in the pathogenesis of sps and sps is strongly associated with other autoimmune disease . here
we report three cases of pati... |
liver cirrhosis causes 90% of portal hypertension in the western world , which leads to the development of porto - systemic collaterals , this in turn triggers the formation of the lower esophageal and gastric cardiac varices .
varices are present in 30% of patients with compensated cirrhosis and 60% of those with de... | variceal bleeding is one of the most feared complications in patients with liver cirrhosis .
it continues to be a leading cause of death among patients with liver cirrhosis .
although its prognosis has improved over the last several decades , it still carries substantial mortality . preventing
variceal bleeding h... |
cervical degenerative disc disease is a common cause of neck pain , radiculopathy or myelopathy .
many surgeons have recommended surgical decompression for the treatment of cervical spondylosis associated with medically intractable radiculopathy or myelopathy . since the publication of a report by smith and robinson1... | objectiveto compare the radiologic parameters and clinical outcomes of two - level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion ( acdf ) with cage alone versus single - level anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion ( accf ) with plate in the treatment of two - level contiguous cervical degenerative disc disease.methodsof al... |
diffusion - weighted ( dw ) magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) provides information about the mobility of water molecules .
the different tissue contrast obtained using dw imaging makes it a useful tool for identifying benign and malignant lesions in the body .
most bone tumors have classical radiographic appearanc... | objective : the study aims to determine whether apparent diffusion coefficient ( adc ) can help differentiate benign and malignant bone tumors.materials and methods : from january 2012 to february 2013 , we prospectively included 26 patients .
of these 15 patients were male and 11 were female ; ranging in age from 8 ... |
appendices epiploicae are small pouches of fat protruding from the serosal surface of colon distributed axially from caecum to rectosigmoid .
they are usually arranged in two longitudinal rows along the tinea libera and omentalis and are supplied by one or two arterioles from the vasa recta of the colon , and are dra... | epiploic appendagitis is a rare cause of acute abdomen . depending on the site of occurrence
, it can mimic any cause of acute abdomen or disease of the colon and caecal appendix ; making its preoperative diagnosis very difficult .
we present here a case of a 7-year - old boy misdiagnosed preoperatively as acute ap... |
block copolymers ( bcps ) can self - assemble in a series of well - defined , ordered arrangements of the chemically distinct domains , providing a reliable strategy for the preparation of tailored nanostructures .
this strategy is widely exploited in the semiconductor industry with directed self - assembly ( dsa ) t... | summaryself - assembly of block copolymers into well - defined , ordered arrangements of chemically distinct domains is a reliable strategy for preparing tailored nanostructures .
microphase separation results from the system , minimizing repulsive interactions between dissimilar blocks and maximizing attractive inte... |
abdominal aortic aneurysm ( aaa ) is a degenerative disease of the aorta , occurring primarily in the elderly .
the aneurysmal wall comprises intimal atherosclerosis , disruption of elastic media , and inflammatory cell infiltration in the adventitial layer .
although the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidat... | abstractalthough the precise mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of abdominal aortic aneurysm ( aaa ) remain unclear , aortic wall inflammation has been implicated in aaa development .
several studies have reported the use of 18fluoro - deoxyglucose ( 18f - fdg)/positron emission tomography ( pet ) to assess the n... |
the present review is an extension of our earlier review regarding factors that influence lineage determination of helper t cells .
briefly , t helper cells ( th ) were delineated by mossman and coffman , into ( th1 ) and th2 based on their pattern of cytokine secretion .
the th1/th2 paradigm was used to explain th... | t helper ( th ) cells have an important role in host defence as well in the pathogenesis of periodontal disease .
th cells differentiate from naive cells into various subsets , each of which is associated with a set of inducing and effector cytokines .
previously , it was thought that this differentiation was an ir... |
efforts have been made to develop quality of life ( qol ) questionnaires focused in the disease or condition - specific .
those questionnaires claim to be better for measure the impact of qol for specific conditions when compared with general qol questionnaires .
however , as more specific is the questionnaire more... | abstractobjectivesthe aim of this study was to verify the impact of dentofacial deformity on quality of life and explore gender and age differences.material and methodsthe impact of dentofacial deformity ( dd ) on quality of life was evaluated through questionnaires ; short form health survey ( sf36 ) , oral health imp... |
after performing a genome - wide inheritance - by - descent ( ibd ) scan , researchers are often faced with the following dilemma : should i run a time consuming simulation to get an accurate estimate of the genome - wide corrected ( that is , adjusted ) p - value , or should i approximate the adjusted p - value , whi... | in the analysis of dna sequences on related individuals , most methods strive to incorporate as much information as possible , with little or no attention paid to the issue of statistical significance . for example
, a modern workstation can easily handle the computations needed to perform a large - scale genome - wi... |
cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) is the second most common type of non - melanoma skin cancer . in general , the management of cutaneous scc depends on its tumor stage .
however , concerning high - risk patients or tumors on the cosmetic areas , the management of cutaneous scc differs in each case [ 1 , 2 ] ... | cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) is the second most common non - melanoma skin cancer and tends to develop in sun - exposed cosmetic areas , including the ear . in this report , we describe two cases of scc on the ear successfully treated with intra - arterial administration of peplomycin through a superficial... |
, arachnoiditis ossificans can be treated with surgery in patients with severe or deteriorating symptoms . however
, surgery remains a controversial treatment option because excision of the dural calcification and microsurgical neurolysis is technically difficult , particularly when multiple nerve roots are involved ... | arachnoiditis ossificans is a rare chronic disorder characterized by the presence of calcification/ ossification of the spinal arachnoid . we describe the computed tomography ( ct ) and magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) findings of arachnoiditis ossificans as sequelae to trauma in a 30-year - old patient
.
this im... |
bone remodeling is a delicate balance of two processes : bone deposition by osteoblasts and bone resorption by osteoclasts [ 13 ] .
this equilibrium is regulated by local and systemic factors which influence the differentiation and activity of osteoblasts derived from mesenchymal cells and osteoclasts derived fro... | the long - term success of arthroplastic joints is dependent on the stabilization of the implant within the skeletal site .
movement of the arthroplastic implant within the bone can stimulate osteolysis , and therefore methods which promote rigid fixation or bone growth are expected to enhance implant stability and t... |
it is well documented that today s college students lack a fundamental knowledge of the research process and the skills necessary to complete effective and impactful research ( 5 , 9 ) .
such skills are of critical importance to undergraduates who are interested in pursuing a graduate degree or medical professional d... | today s students have unique learning needs and lack knowledge of core research skills . in this program report
, we describe an online approach that we developed to teach core research skills to freshman and sophomore undergraduates . specifically , we used two undergraduate kinesiology ( kin ) courses designed to t... |
as all - ceramic crowns have become one of the best aesthetic restorative materials ,
the need for good practice and skills to perform such restorations within patient
expectations and the recommended guidelines for tooth preparations becomes
mandatory .
all - ceramic resin bonded crowns appear to have a number... | objectivesto investigate if general dental practitioners ( gdps ) in private practice in
jordan follow universal guidelines for preparation of anterior teeth for
resin bonded all - ceramic crowns ( rbcs ) .
material and methodsa sample ( n=100 ) of laboratory models containing 208 tooth preparations for
ips emp... |
adenoid cystic carcinoma ( acc ) is a slow - growing , but aggressive neoplasm with a remarkable capacity for recurrence .
it forms about 1% of all malignant tumors of the oral and maxillofacial region and 21.9% of all salivary gland malignancies .
it can arise in any salivary gland site , but approximately 5060% d... | adenoid cystic carcinoma ( acc ) of salivary glands is a slow - growing malignant tumor , characterized by wide local infiltration , perineural spread , a propensity to local recurrence and late distant metastasis .
although acc is the second most common malignant salivary gland neoplasm and constitutes approximately... |
over the last decade , a dramatic increase in gastrointestinal diseases has been seen in very young children .
some of them originated from an exaggerated immune response caused by various mechanisms from classical ige mediated atopy to non - ige mechanisms .
food protein - induced proctitis / proctocolitis is prob... | background .
food protein - induced proctitis / proctocolitis ( fpip ) is the most common noninfectious colitis in children in the first year of life . along with
the overall clinical symptoms , diarrhoea and rectal bleeding are the main manifestations of the disease .
there is no routine noninvasive test that wo... |
toxoplasmosis is a common worldwide parasitic infection caused by toxoplasma gondii ( 1 , 2 ) .
while toxoplasmosis has mild clinical presentations in immuno - competent individuals , in immuno - suppressed adults or congenitally - infected infants the disease is associated with severe pathological complications and ... | background : zoonotic parasite toxoplasma gondii has a high prevalence in human populations . a suitable vaccine for animals can stop the transmission of infection between animal and human.objectives:the aim of this study was to evaluate in vivo prepared excretory / secretory antigens ( e / sa ) as a potential candidat... |
osteoarthritis ( oa ) is a cartilage degenerative disease and causes more disability with respect to mobility than any other single disease in the elderly .
knee oa typically affects joints in a nonuniform manner ; the medial compartment of the knee is most frequently affected in both men and women .
furthermore , ... | partial knee replacement ( pkr ) results in fast recovery and good knee mechanics and is ideal to treat medial knee osteoarthritis .
cementless pkr depends on bone growing into the implant surface for long - term fixation .
implant loosening may occur due to high tensile strain resulted from large mechanical loads ... |
pathways are the essential units of biological processes and embody the regulatory steps of cellular activities . according to pathguide , a resource that compiles the resources related to pathways and molecular interactions , there are 59 pathway - related resources and 151 166 pathway entries within ( 1 ) .
kegg ,... | one of the biggest challenges in the study of biological regulatory networks is the systematic organization and integration of complex interactions taking place within various biological pathways .
currently , the information of the biological pathways is dispersed in multiple databases in various formats .
hipathd... |
a 9-year - old girl presented with a skin lesion in the right medial canthus area towards the nasal bridge .
it was located at the margin of a skin graft that had been used to reconstruct a medial canthus skin defect . according to her medical history ,
an antedated lesion was noted as a pinkish , painless , elevat... | retiform hemangioendothelioma ( rh ) is a distinct entity in the spectrum of vascular tumors with a high local recurrence rate .
it is considered a low - grade , well - differentiated cutaneous angiosarcoma with low metastatic potential .
we report here for the first time a case of medial canthus recurrent rh
. i... |
mycetoma is an uncommon chronic granulomatous infective disease of the skin / dermis and subcutaneous tissues .
it is predominantly a disease of tropical countries and is named after the region of india ( madurai ) where it was first described in 1842 , also called madura foot , it is caused by true fungi ( eumycet... | mycetoma is an uncommon chronic granulomatous infective disease of the skin , dermis and subcutaneous tissues predominantly seen in tropical countries .
a patient presented to our hospital with the swelling of the left foot with a healed sinus and a painful nodule .
he gave a history of sinuses in the left foot fro... |
animals : male wistar ( slc : wistar ) , sprague dawley ( slc : sd ) , dark agouti
( da / slc ) and brown norway ( bn / ssnslc ) rats ( n=4 for each strain ) were purchased from japan
slc , inc .
they were housed in plastic cages at 22 1c with a 12 hr
light cycle/12 hr dark cycle and given laboratory chow ( la... | rat cytochrome p450 ( cyp ) exhibits inter - strain differences , but their analysis has been
scattered across studies under different conditions . to identify these strain differences
in cyp more comprehensively , mrna expression , protein expression and metabolic activity
among wistar ( wi ) , sprague dawley ( ... |
parkinson 's disease ( pd ) , a chronic neurodegenerative disease , is manifested by a loss of dopaminergic neurons from the substantia nigra pars compacta , affecting up to 70% of these cells .
pd prevalence is around 0.5 - 1% in people aged 65 - 69 years , increasing to 1 - 3% among individuals aged over 80 years .... | exercise produces potential influences on physical and mental capacity in patients with neuropsychiatric disorders , and can be made a viable form of therapy to treat parkinson s disease ( pd ) .
we report the chronic effects of a regular physical exercise protocol on cognitive and motor functions , functional capaci... |
our current picture of cell nuclear function is shifting from the idea of fully assembled molecular complexes towards molecules freely roaming in nuclear space ( pombo and cook 1996 ; phair and misteli 2000 ; bentley 2002 ) . here , transient interactions ( protein protein , protein dna , and protein rna ) result ... | cellular life can be described as a dynamic equilibrium of a highly complex network of interacting molecules .
for this reason , it is no longer sufficient to only know the identity of the participants in a cellular process , but questions such as where , when , and for how long also have to be addressed to underst... |
to identify potential genotyping markers , we sequenced the genome of 1 c. cayetanensis isolate ( chn_hen01 ) from henan , china ( 3 ) , and searched for microsatellite and minisatellite sequences among the first 40 of 4,811 assembled contigs by using tandem repeat finder software ( http://tandem.bu.edu/trf/trf.html ) ... | because the lack of typing tools for cyclospora cayetanensis has hampered outbreak investigations , we sequenced its genome and developed a genotyping tool .
we observed 2 to 10 geographically segregated sequence types at each of 5 selected loci .
this new tool could be useful for case linkage and infection / conta... |
mounting studies have demonstrated that ketamine , a widely used anesthetic agent , has antidepressant effects in animal models or patients [ 14 ] .
compared with conventional antidepressant agents , ketamine exerts fast - acting antidepressant effects within 1 - 2 h after administration .
moreover , ketamine also... | several lines of evidence have demonstrated that acute administration of ketamine elicits fast - acting antidepressant effects .
moreover , tramadol also has potential antidepressant effects .
the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of pretreatment with tramadol on ketamine - induced antidepressant act... |
head and neck cancer ( hnc ) is the sixth most common malignancy in the world , with an annual worldwide incidence of over 600,000 cases per year and 350,000 deaths per year . according to national cancer registry programme of the indian council of medical research ( icmr ) ,
the absolute number of cancer deaths in i... | background : free radicals such as reactive oxygen species ( ros ) , which induce oxidative stress , are the main contributors to head and neck carcinogenesis ( hnc ) .
the present study was conducted with the aim to assess the oxidant / antioxidant status and dna damage analysis in head and neck cancer / control pat... |
roy lee moodie was born in bowling green , kentucky in 1880 and received his undergraduate training in geology at the university of kansas , graduating ab in 1905 . while there he came under the influence of samuel wendell williston ( 18511918 ) and accompanied him in the year of his graduation on a trip to willow cree... | roy lee moodie was a geologist whose interest in ancient disease was stimulated by his finding of pathological change in some of the fossils that he studied , including many from the rancho la brea site in california .
he occupied teaching positions in chicago , dallas and santa monica and in 1928 began an acquaintan... |
gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm ) is characterized by intrauterine hyperglycemia and has been reported to affect 17.5% of pregnant women in china .
the offspring of mothers with gdm have been shown to have higher birth weights and are reportedly prone to obesity , hypertension , and dyslipidemia compared to offsp... | changes in dna methylation may play a role in the genetic mechanism underlying glucose intolerance in the offspring of mothers with diabetes . here , we established a rat model of moderate intrauterine hyperglycemia induced by streptozotocin to detect glucose and lipid metabolism of first - generation ( f1 ) and second... |
descemet stripping with automated endothelial keratoplasty ( dsaek ) is one of the current preferred surgical techniques to treat permanent corneal endothelial dysfunction .
compared with penetrating keratoplasty ( pk ) , dsaek has a more rapid healing process , earlier and better visual recovery , with less astigmat... | abstractthe purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of nonpenetrating deep sclerectomy ( npds ) in 3 consecutive eyes with preexisting and uncontrolled glaucoma after descemet stripping with automated endothelial keratoplasty ( dsaek).npds with intrascleral implant and topical adjunctive intraoper... |
poliomyelitis infection has become increasingly under control because of early immunization , surveillance , and case identification.15 the worldwide effort to eradicate poliomyelitis by the who has received remarkable echoes in the kingdom of saudi arabia .
this programme started on the 11th to 13th jumada ii , 1417... | objectives : to verify whether the first national campaign for poliomyelitis vaccination achieved its objectives.setting:al-khobar area in the eastern province of the kingdom of saudi arabia.materials & methods : randomized samples have been obtained using the bowleg 's proportional allocation scheme . at the first sta... |
the results of stroke are not only persistent neurologic
deficits but also marked deconditioning2 .
stroke patients constitute the largest group of patients who require rehabilitation
services . during the rehabilitation process , patients are vulnerable to various
complications as a result of both the stroke a... | [ purpose ] the aim of this study was to assess the medical complications in first - time
ischemic stroke patients , to identify the factors related to occurrence of complications .
[ subjects and methods ] first - time ischemic stroke patients ( n=81 ) admitted to a tertiary
level inpatient rehabilitation center... |
the haploinsufficiency of the short stature homeobox - containing ( shox ) gene causes turner
skeletal features ( 1 , 2 ) , a certain proportion of idiopathic short stature ( 3 , 4 ) and leri - weill
dyschondrosteosis ( lwd ) ( omim127300 ) ( 5 , 6 ) .
the shox gene was cloned from the pseudoautosomal
region of... | haploinsufficiency of the short stature homeobox - containing ( shox ) gene causes
turner skeletal features , a certain proportion of idiopathic short stature and leri - weill
dyschondrosteosis ( lwd ) . here
we report a japanese female with lwd .
her physical growth ,
skeletal deformity , and endocrine statu... |
postsurgical thyroid remnant ablation with radioiodine ( 131-iodine , i ) in low - risk patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma ( dtc ) has engendered considerable controversy . however
, current guidelines and consensus strongly favor the procedure in high - risk patients [ 2 , 3 ] .
thyroid - stimulating h... | to supplement limited relevant literature , we retrospectively compared ablation and disease outcomes in high - risk differentiated thyroid carcinoma ( dtc ) patients undergoing radioiodine thyroid remnant ablation aided by recombinant human thyrotropin ( rhtsh ) versus thyroid hormone withdrawal / withholding ( thw ) ... |
it is a common cause for urinary tract infections ( including kidney infections ) , bloodstream infection , intra - abdominal infections like peritonitis , skin & soft tissue infections , neonatal meningitis and foodborne infections ( 1 ) .
certain pathogenic strains of e. coli have increasingly become resistant to m... | a very high rate of multidrug resistance ( mdr ) seen among gram - negative bacteria such as escherichia , klebsiella , salmonella , shigella , etc . is a major threat to public health and safety .
one of the major virulent determinants of gram - negative bacteria is capsular polysaccharide or k antigen located on th... |
recently there has been an increasing debate on the use of laser irradiation for preparing cavities and conditioning enamel and dentine as an alternative for routine chemical acid etching . despite the improvements achieved in decreasing composite resin shrinkage ,
this is still an important factor reducing success r... | introduction : the aim of this study was to make a comparison between microleakage of conventionally restored class v cavities using bur and acid etchant and , the ones prepared and conditioned by er : yag laser.materials and methods:30 recently extracted intact caries and filling free human permanent molars were used ... |
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