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the study reported here involved a subpopulation of 260 ( 15.6% ) of the original 1663 participants from the dual i trial , who underwent a standardized meal test . among the substudy participants ,
the study was conducted in accordance with declaration of helsinki and good clinical practice guidelines .
countries ... | objective : ideglira is a novel , fixed - ratio combination of the long - acting basal insulin , insulin degludec , and the long - acting glucagon - like peptide-1 analog liraglutide .
we studied the effect of ideglira versus its components on postprandial glucose ( ppg ) in type 2 diabetes.methods:in this substudy ,... |
tiotropium bromide is an anticholinergic drug , categorized as a long - acting muscarinic antagonist ( lama ) or long - acting anticholinergic bronchodilator.1 these drugs are used primarily in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) , but interest in lama for the treatment of asthma has increa... | backgroundrandomized controlled trials indicate that addition of a long - acting muscarinic antagonist ( lama ) such as tiotropium may improve asthma control and reduce exacerbation risk in patients with poorly controlled asthma , but broader clinical studies are needed to investigate the effectiveness of lama in real ... |
( us ) , we identified 16 hypoechoic or isoechoic well - defined nodules in the right breast and seven in the left breast ( fig .
us - guided biopsy was performed in both breasts and this proved the presence of myxoid fibroadenomas ( fig .
after about three months , the patient revisited the hospital with severe pa... | carney complex is an autosomal dominant disease that displays such characteristic features as cardiac and cutaneous myxomas and spotty pigmentation of the skin .
we report here on a case of carney complex that was accompanied by increased myxoid fibroadenomas in the breast and multiple intracranial aneurysms . |
the height of the alveolar ridge in the maxilla is the resultant of masticatory forces transferred by the periodontal ligament system to the bone and pneumatisation of maxillary sinuses beginning with eruption of the third molars ( misch 1999 ) .
bone atrophy in the maxilla is a physiological process , which accelera... | bone tissue atrophy may constitute a relative contraindication for implantation .
the methods used in reconstruction of the alveolar ridge within the lateral section of the maxilla have been well known but not perfect .
presentation of the two - stage , closed sinus lift technique as well as efficacy evaluation of ... |
endophthalmitis is a rare postoperative complication which is potentially devastating to visual function and the structural integrity of the eye . in the postoperative
once detected postoperatively , the condition is treated with intravitreal antibiotics and vitrectomy and/or tap as per the recommendations of the end... | purpose . to describe the clinical characteristics , diagnosis , and treatment with intravitreal ampicillin sodium of a postoperative endophthalmitis case due to streptococcus uberis ; an environmental pathogen commonly seen in mastitis cases of lactating cows
. methods . case report . a 52-year - old , hispanic diab... |
open heart surgery using cardiopulmonary bypass ( cpb ) with aortic cross - clamping ( acc ) provokes various systemic inflammatory responses that may eventually lead to multiple - organ injury or dysfunction .
such systemic reactions are characterized by an activation of pro - inflammatory cytokines , protease enzym... | backgroundcardiopulmonary bypass ( cpb ) induces variable systemic inflammatory reactions associated with major organ dysfunction via polymorphonuclear neutrophils ( pmns ) .
ulinastatin , a urinary trypsin inhibitor , inhibits pmn activity and reduces systemic inflammatory responses .
the aim of this study is to e... |
a 1-year - old girl born of nonconsanguinity at term presented to us with the complaints of squinting of both eyes since birth and white pupillary reflex in the left eye noticed at 2 months of age .
there was no history of similar complaints in the family . on examination , she was not cooperative for visual acuity t... | blepharophimosis - ptosis - epicanthus inversus syndrome ( bpes ) is a rare autosomal dominant genetic disease .
it is clinically characterized by four major features ; blepharophimosis , ptosis , epicanthus inversus , and telecanthus .
we report a case of a 1-year - old female with bpes with unilateral anterior pe... |
neurilemmoma also known as schwannoma is a benign tumour of nerve sheath origin arising from any nerve covered with a schwann cell sheath , which include the cranial nerves ( except for optic and olfactory ) , the spinal nerves and autonomic nervous system .
they were first described by verocay in 1910 who called it ... | introductionintraoral neurilemmomas ( schwannoma ) are rare , even rarer are intraosseous ones , and the rarest are the maxillary neurilemmomas .
going by the literature only 5 cases of maxillary neurilemomas are reported till now .
neurilemmomas are benign tumours of nerve sheath origin .
approximately 30% arise... |
this disorder has been described to occur commonly in obese , post - menopausal women and is associated with weakness and mental disturbances such as depression , confusion , lethargy , and dementia .
however , it begins in most cases prior to the post - menopausal period and can also occur in men [ 2 , 3 ] .
the c... | a 46-year - old female , known case of adiposis dolorosa since adolescence , noticed painful thickening of scalp in bilateral parieto - occipital areas and vertex 1 year back .
six weeks prior to the presentation to our service , she developed severe occipital headache refractory to drug treatment .
she improved a... |
the process of wound healing is a set of coordinated responses to tissue injury that results in tissue contraction , closure , and restoration .
the longer it takes for spontaneous wound healing , the worse the outcome usually is , with increasing likelihood of developing hypertrophic scarring and unsightly alteratio... | a biodegradable sponge , composed of chitosan ( cs ) and sodium alginate ( sa ) , was successfully obtained in this work .
the sponge was ethereal and pliable .
the chemical structure and morphology of the sponges was characterized by ftir and sem .
the swelling ability , in vitro drug release and degradation beh... |
breast - fed infants have an enhanced local humoral immune response , resulting in a lower prevalence of gastrointestinal and respiratory tract infections than in formula - fed infants [ 1 , 2 ] . exclusive breast feeding for the first few months has also been suggested to be protective against the development of atopi... | background .
it is currently recommended that diet of pregnant mothers contain 200300 mg dha / day .
aim . to determine whether dha supplementation during pregnancy and lactation affects infants ' immune response
. methods .
60 women in 3rd pregnancy studied ; 30 randomly assigned to receive dha 400 mg / day... |
the reported incidence of vcd following abdominal hysterectomy is less than one percent . with the increased use of laparoscopic , including robotic - assisted approaches
the rate of this complication is relatively higher after robotic - assisted hysterectomy reaching up to 4.1% .
predisposing factors for vcd inclu... | vaginal cuff dehiscence is a rare , but potentially serious complication after total hysterectomy .
we report a case of vaginal cuff dehiscence after vaginal cuff brachytherapy .
a 62 year old female underwent a robotic - assisted laparoscopic hysterectomy with bilateral salpingo - oophorectomy , and was found to h... |
the number of military personnel admitted to us army hospitals as the result of infectious diseases was much higher than admissions due to wounds or other injuries incurred in wwii or the wars in korea , vietnam or the persian gulf .
it is not surprising ; therefore , that since george washington first ordered mandat... | the us military has a long and highly distinguished record of developing effective vaccines against pathogens that threaten the armed forces .
many of these vaccines have also been of significant benefit to civilian populations around the world .
the current requirements for force protection include vaccines agains... |
aneurysmal bone cyst ( abc ) is a benign , tumor - like , highly vascular , locally aggresive , and relatively rare osteolytic lesion of unknown etiology .
the lesions primarily occur in the first two decades of life , with slight women predominance [ 2 , 3 ] .
after osteoid osteoma and osteoblastoma , abc is the t... | purposeaneurysmal bone cyst is a benign , relatively uncommon lesion , representing 1.4 % of primary bone tumors .
the vertebral column is involved in 330 % of cases .
this report describes clinical characteristics and treatment results of 18 patients with aneurysmal bone cyst of the spine.methodsbetween 1991 and... |
the
ovaries were washed once in 0.2% ( w / v ) cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and three times
in dulbecco s phosphate - buffered saline ( pbs ) containing 0.1% ( w / v ) polyvinyl alcohol
( pbs - pva ; sigma - aldrich , st .
growing oocytes and full - grown oocytes
were collected from small antral follicles (... | during oocyte growth , the morphology of the nucleolus changes into a compact and
homogenous structure . the compact nucleoli in full - grown oocytes are not stained by
aceto - orcein staining or immunofluorescence staining . in this study
, we developed a
hematoxylin staining method for pig oocytes in whole - ... |
the increasing prevalence of peripheral artery disease has expanded the use of endovascular therapy with nitinol stent implantation for femoropopliteal lesions during recent years.1,2 this is reflected in international guidelines such as the tasc ii3 document for endovascular therapy and the european society of cardiol... | purposeto evaluate the patency and the freedom of target lesion revascularization of the 4-french pulsar-18 self - expandable ( se ) nitinol stent for the treatment of long femoropopliteal occlusive disease in a two - center , prospective , all - comers registry with a follow - up period of 12 months.methodsthis regist... |
pulmonary arterial hypertension ( pah ) is a severe condition that frequently leads to right ventricular failure and death [ 1 , 2 ] .
the remodeling process includes marked proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells ( pasmcs ) that contribute to vascular wall hypertrophy [ 1 , 3 ] . studies in both animal... | accumulating evidence suggests a direct role for cigarette smoke in pulmonary vascular remodeling , which contributes to the development of pulmonary hypertension .
however , the molecular mechanisms underlying this process remain poorly understood . platelet - derived growth factor ( pdgf ) is a potential mitogen an... |
benign entities associated with mucosal prolapse that may mimic invasive adenocarcinoma of colon are less common and may be an unfamiliar lesion to endoscopists . among benign lesions ,
pseudoinvasion in an adenomatous polyp represents prolapse of the adenomatous epithelium into its stalk.1 most pseudoinvasion in an ... | pseudoinvasion or pseudocarcinomatous invasion in an adenomatous polyp of the colon can be unfamiliar to an endoscopist .
pseudoinvasion in an adenomatous polyp represents prolapse of the adenomatous epithelium into its stalk . in most cases
its morphology does not differ from of general adenomatous polyps , but in... |
five marketed formulations of naga bhasma were procured from the new delhi market as per the details mentioned in table 1 .
list of drugs and ingredients used in analysis xrd studies were carried out for the detection of phase of lead present and to detect compound type whether crystalline / amorphous in nature .
t... | in the practice of ayurveda , where herbomineral formulations are said to be made biocompatible through specific processes like shodhana and marana , the western medical science on the contrary has raised the safety concerns of these formulations in the recent past . in the present study , comparative physico - chemica... |
patching involves occluding the sound eye or penalization of the sound eye , forcing the use of the amblyopic eye .
if instituted early within the critical period , it helps to reestablish the synapses in ocular dominance columns in the visual cortex and lateral geniculate body from the previously amblyopic eye , the... | purpose : to compare the efficacy of combined occlusion and atropine therapy ( coat ) and augmented part - time patching for the treatment of unilateral refractory / residual amblyopia.methodology:this retrospective study evaluated children between 4 and 11 years with refractory / residual amblyopia who were treated wi... |
cystocele or anterior vaginal wall prolapse is the most common type of pop in women .
approaches to the surgical management of pop have undergone several paradigm shifts over the last few decades .
the traditional anterior repair of cystocele is associated with a high failure rate , and paravaginal repair is not su... | purposeto evaluate the medium - term efficacy and safety of transobturator four - arm polypropylene mesh in the treatment of high - stage anterior vaginal wall prolapse and concomitant stress urinary incontinence ( sui).materials and methodsbetween september 2010 and august 2013 , a prospective single - center trial wa... |
ischemic heart disease ( ihd ) is currently the most frequent cause of deaths in highly developed countries both in men and in women .
the main risk factors for cardiovascular disease are hypercholesterolemia , diabetes , arterial hypertension , cigarette smoking , obesity , and personality , as well as stress , age ... | backgroundlong - term clinical observations have shown that anxiety disorders influence the etiopathogenesis of ischemic heart disease ( ihd ) in women . the aim of this study was to determine the characteristics of the structure of overt and covert anxiety , and to examine the impact of the severity of anxiety on five... |
dermatitis artefacta ( da ) or factitious dermatitis ( fd ) is an artefactual disease caused entirely by a fully aware patient on the skin , hair , nails , or mucosa .
seeking commonly seen in da in contrast to external incentives acting as the motivating factor in malingering .
we report a case of da in a 38-year ... | dermatitis artefacta ( da ) and trichotemnomania are self - inflicted dermatoses often preceded by psychosocial stressful events . a 38-year - old female presented with sudden loss of hair in the right frontal area along with discoloration and edema of skin . on examination , there was complete loss of hair involving t... |
efficient dynamic nuclear polarization
( dnp ) in solids , which enables
very high sensitivity nmr experiments , is currently limited to temperatures
of around 100 k and below .
here we show how by choosing an adequate
solvent , 1h cross effect dnp enhancements of over 80 can
be obtained at 240 k. to achiev... | |
in contrast , the how and for whom remains quite elusive . in this journal , shulman et al .
report the results of another prospective glycaemic control study utilizing a computerized protocol to implement a relatively complex protocol .
tight control has been of great interest since the landmark studies of van den... | tight glycaemic control has emerged as a major focus in critical care .
however , the struggle to repeat , improve and standardize the results of the initial landmark studies is ongoing .
the prospective computerized glycaemic control study by shulman et al .
highlights two emerging and often overlooked aspects o... |
motivation is an innate feature affected by four factors , namely situation ( surroundings and the external stimuli ) , mood ( the organism 's internal state of mind and emotion ) , goal ( behavioral goal , purpose , tendency ) , and tool ( for goal achievement ) .
humans acquire the necessary motivation for the fulf... | background : despite their ascribed intellectual ability and achieved academic pursuits , medical students academic achievement is influenced by motivation .
this study is an endeavor to examine the role of motivation in the academic achievement of medical students.materials and methods : in this cross - sectional co... |
exercise has been shown to induce an increased formation of reactive oxygen species ( ros ) such as superoxide , hydroxyl radicals , or hydrogen peroxide [ 1 , 2 ] .
sources of exercise - induced ros production are the mitochondrial electron transport chain [ 35 ] , the xanthine oxidase pathway , activated neutrophil... | background . analysis of -h2ax foci is a promising approach to evaluate exercise - induced dna damage .
however , baseline levels and day - to - day variability of -h2ax foci have not been investigated in healthy subjects at rest .
methods .
blood was taken from eight moderately trained healthy males ( 29 3 yrs ... |
basaloid squamous cell carcinoma ( bscc ) is an uncommon aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma which has a predilection for the upper aerodigestive tract region .
it was first described in 1986 by wain et al . in the tongue , larynx and hypopharynx .
the histopathological characteristic of this carcinoma is... | the most common type of malignancy affecting the upper aerodigestive tract is squamous cell carcinoma .
basaloid squamous cell carcinoma ( bscc ) is a rarely seen , high - grade , bimorphic variant of squamous cell carcinoma , which displays distinct histological features .
this entity was first described by wain e... |
five hundred twenty - one patients with ccoc tumors were referred to caris life sciences between 2009 and 2014 .
the clinical details and histological diagnosis of ccoc was based on the information including reported pathology provided by referring physicians .
four hundred twenty - two tumors were reported to be p... | backgroundadvanced stage / recurrent clear cell ovarian cancers ( ccocs ) are characterized by a low response to chemotherapy and a poor prognosis .
there is growing interest in investigating novel / molecular targeted therapies in patients with ccoc in histotype - specific trials .
however , ccocs are not a unifor... |
the efficacy of use of calcium and vitamin d in all post menopausal women in terms of the prevention of fracture is uncertain .
use of calcium and vitamin d supplements is very common , with more than half of postmenopausal women taking them .
16 randomized controlled trials have studied the effect of vitamin d sup... | calcium and vitamin d are widely used therapies for osteoporosis .
vitamin d is not a vitamin in true sense since it is produced in response to the action of sunlight on skin .
vitamin d has multiple roles in the body , not all of them well - understood .
vitamin d supplementation must be considered a form of hor... |
over the past few years , operative laparoscopy has proved that it is a surgical discipline in its own right .
assessment of a new surgical technique requires that the risk of complications also be evaluated .
studies have suggested that the rate of laparoscopic complications may be increasing worldwide , as more d... | large bowel injuries are unfortunate complications of laparoscopic surgery , with an incidence of 0.62 to 1.6 per 1000 laparoscopies .
one - third of these injuries can be diagnosed intraoperatively , with the rest going unnoticed and revealed later .
rectal injury , a very rare complication , may be caused during ... |
it is well known that unicellular eukaryotes are the simplest models for the study of molecular mechanisms operating in the whole domain .
apicomplexan parasites are a large group of unicellular protozoan parasites , which include toxoplasma gondii , plasmodium , eimeria , and cryptosporidium spp .
these parasites ... | apicomplexan parasites comprise a broad variety of protozoan parasites , including toxoplasma gondii , plasmodium , eimeria , and cryptosporidium species . being intracellular parasites , the success in establishing pathogenesis relies in their ability to infect a host - cell and replicate within it .
protein palmito... |
high - density lipoproteins ( hdl ) are small vesicles comprised of phospholipids and stabilizing proteins , such as apolipoprotein a - i and a - ii ( apoa - i , apoa - ii ) , that are produced by the liver to carry cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood stream .
prospective epidemiologic studies demonstrated tha... | decreased level of high density - lipoprotein cholesterol ( hdl - c ) is a rigorous predictor for future cardiovascular events .
much effort is being made to develop hdl - c raising pharmacotherapies in the attempt to avert the pandemic of atherosclerotic disease .
important properties by which hdl - c raising co... |
the b. cinerea bikaverin gene cluster was discovered using previously described techniques ( slot and rokas 2010 , 2011 ) .
briefly , amino acid sequences similar to genes of a cluster were detected with blastp ( altschul et al . 1990 ) in a local proteome database of 103 fungal genomes , and homologs were considered... | a cluster composed of four structural and two regulatory genes found in several species of the fungal genus fusarium ( class sordariomycetes ) is responsible for the production of the red pigment bikaverin .
we discovered that the unrelated fungus botrytis cinerea ( class leotiomycetes ) contains a cluster of five ge... |
lung cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer worldwide , with incidence rates continuing to increase in developing countries.1 optimal follow - up care following pulmonary lobectomy for non - small - cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) includes close surveillance for early detection of disease recurrence or second primary ... | introductionthe rationale for oncologic surveillance following pulmonary lobectomy is to detect recurrent disease or a second primary lung cancer early enough so that an intervention can increase survival and/or improve quality of life .
therefore , we reviewed literature for international guidelines and reorganized ... |
renal involvement in monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma is well described and the most common is tubular damage by light chain cast nephropathy ( myeloma kidney ) and glomerular damage through amyloidosis or light chain deposition disease ( lcdd ) .
membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ( mpgn ) associated... | membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis ( mpgn ) and c3 glomerulonephritis ( c3 gn ) can be secondary to monoclonal gammopathy and multiple myeloma .
mpgn type 1 is caused by activation of the classical pathway by immune complex formation , and c3 gn results from abnormalities in the alternative pathway of complemen... |
in goats , the pis ( polled intersex syndrome ) mutation is responsible for both the absence of horns in males and females and sex - reversal affecting exclusively xx individuals .
the mode of inheritance is dominant for the polled trait and recessive for sex - reversal . in xx pis-/- mutants , the expression of test... | |
bystin was originally identified as a cytoplasmic protein that forms a complex with trophinin and tastin in human trophoblastic embryonal carcinoma ht - h cells [ 13 ] .
trophinin is an intrinsic membrane protein that mediates cell adhesion by homophilic trophinin - trophinin binding .
tastin and bystin are cytopla... | abstract.human bystin was identified as a cytoplasmic protein directly binding to trophinin , a cell adhesion molecule potentially involved in human embryo implantation .
although the trophinin gene is unique to mammals , the bystin gene ( bysl ) is conserved across eukaryotes .
recent studies show that bystin play... |
chronic hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection is a major public health crisis that affects approximately 300 million people worldwide and currently is the most frequent cause of liver related morbidity and mortality ( 1 , 2 ) . up to 20% of chronic hcv patients
the ongoing hcv silent epidemic will result in an increase... | abstractbackgroundidentification of risk factors of acute hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection in egypt is crucial for developing appropriate prevention strategies .
there are few community - based studies on the epidemiology and risk factors of hepatitis c infection in egypt , which could not provide enough informati... |
the various types of plant cells differ in the composition and structure of their walls ( wang et al .
2013 ) to provide mechanical support to cells , tissue , and the entire body ( li et al .
2011 ) . in grass species , lignin comprises approximately 20% of the secondary cell wall , filling pores between the polys... | abstractlignin is an important factor affecting agricultural traits , biofuel production , and the pulping industry .
most lignin biosynthesis genes and their regulatory genes are expressed mainly in the vascular bundles of stems and leaves , preferentially in tissues undergoing lignification .
other genes are poor... |
neosartorya fischeri strain elh was cultured in saboraud ( 40 g / l glucose , 10 g / l peptone ) or modified czapek minimal medium without original carbon source ( 4 g / l nano3 , 2 g / l k2hpo4 , 1 g / l mgso47h2o , 1 g / l kcl , 0.02 g / l feso47h2o , trace element 1 ml / l ) supplemented with asphaltenes ... | asphaltenes are considered as the most recalcitrant petroleum fraction and represent a big problem for the recovery , separation and processing of heavy oils and bitumens .
neosartorya fischeri is a saprophytic fungus that is able to grow using asphaltenes as the sole carbon source [ 1].we performed transcription pro... |
the study of historical biogeography has changed dramatically since the appearance of cladistic methods in the 1960s . these early approaches placed biogeographical analyses in a phylogeny - based framework that relies mainly on pattern - associated taxon area cladograms.1,2 in that context ,
chronological informatio... | the abrupt appearance of primates and hystricognath rodents in early oligocene deposits of south america has puzzled mastozoologists for decades .
based on the geoclimatic changes that occurred during the eocene / oligocene transition period that may have favoured their dispersal , researchers have proposed the hypot... |
leukemic infiltration of breast is rare and may occur as an isolated tumor or as extra - medullary manifestation in systemic disease .
we recently came across two cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( all ) presenting as breast masses .
breast infiltration was diagnosed on fine - needle aspiration cytology ( fnac... | extra - medullary leukemic infiltration of the breast by acute lymphoblastic leukemia ( all ) is very rare .
we report two cases of all presenting as breast masses and diagnosed on fine - needle aspiration ( fna ) .
our first patient , a post - partum 30-year - old female , developed bilateral breast lumps in her l... |
this was a 12-week , double - blind , randomized , placebo - controlled trial of adjunctive fixed doses of lamotrigine to treatment regimen of sris - resistant / unresponsive - to - treatment patients with ocd that was carried out at two outpatient psychiatry clinics in rasht , the capital of guilan province , in the n... | objective : serotonin reuptake inhibitors are frequently used in first - line treatments for patients with obsessive - compulsive disorder .
nevertheless , many of these patients do not respond well to initial therapy .
the hypothesis of glutamatergic dysfunction in specific brain regions has been proposed in the p... |
the ryanodine receptor is an intracellular ca release channel that resides in the sarcoplasmic reticulum ( sr ) membrane and is integral to the ca dependent signaling process of muscle contraction . in skeletal muscle ,
type 1 ryr ( ryr1 ) forms a macromolecular complex with voltage - gated ca channels , cav1.1 , loc... | ryanodine receptors ( ryrs ) are tetrameric ligand - gated ca2 + release channels that are responsible for the increase of cytosolic ca2 + concentration leading to muscle contraction . our current understanding of ryr channel gating and regulation
is greatly limited due to the lack of a high - resolution structure of... |
national external quality assurance programme pakistan ( neqapp ) is a system designed to objectively assess the quality results obtained by medical laboratories in pakistan . the primary aim of this proficiency testing ( pt ) program is to strengthen standards of clinical laboratories in pakistan by providing medical ... | objectivethe objective of this study was to highlight current status and importance of national external quality assurance program pakistan ( neqapp).study design : cross sectional studyplace and duration of studydepartment of chemical pathology and endocrinology , armed forces institute of pathology ( afip ) from augu... |
disposable sanitary pads , panty liners , and tampons are typically used for menstrual hygiene in western industrialized countries .
although tampons have been available commercially in the united states since 1936,1 surprisingly little published information exists on tampon usage habits .
a 1996 survey of 193 wome... | objectives(1 ) to determine whether advertising nighttime tampon use for up to eight hours was understood to be consistent with label recommendations and ( 2 ) to determine whether television and print advertising with this message affected tampon wear times in adults and teens.methods(1 ) a comprehension study ( onlin... |
the main features of tss are : perform surgical approaches that respect the anatomical structures causing little trauma to soft tissues , reduction of perioperative blood loss , implantation of conservative prosthesis that allows sparing of bone stock , restoration of physiological joint biomechanics , and the use of d... | tissue - sparing surgery is a surgical strategy aimed to reduce tissue damage in joint replacement .
this can be achieved by reducing soft tissue trauma , performing minimally invasive access routes and limiting bone removal with implantation of conservative prostheses . in order to facilitate mini - approaches ,
s... |
according to who , one method to indicate fertility of a man is giving a semen sample of male and surveying it under the microscope .
some important parameters are sperm concentration , motility , size , shape and so on . under the microscope lens , from a few to hundreds of sperms might be seen each time .
not onl... | casa ( computer assisted semen analysis ) systems are designed to assist andrologist labour .
most available casa systems are not accurate or so expensive . therefore labours use manual methods to provide parameters .
although some companies have achieved appropriate accuracy , they have not released their methods ... |
neonatal sepsis is the most common cause of morbidity and mortality in the neonatal period .
the disease is classified into early- onset sepsis ( < 7 days of birth ) and late - onset sepsis ( > 7 days ) ( 1 ) .
early diagnosis and treatment of sepsis are essential for neonates and infants since a delay in treatment... | background : early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis followed by appropriate treatment decreases mortality and morbidity in infants . the aim of this study is to assess the role of procalcitonin ( pct ) as a marker in the early diagnosis of neonatal sepsis.methods:we present a cross sectional study where 35 neonates with ea... |
since diphyllobothriasis was a rare disease in brazil , 5 cases diagnosed from march to august 2004 were of interest . at our so paulo institution , 36,000 stool specimens are examined for ova and parasites annually . since 1998 ,
a database was searched for the period from january 1998 to december 2003 to determine ... | cases of human diphyllobothriasis have been reported worldwide . only 1 case in brazil
was diagnosed by our institution from january 1998 to december 2003 . by comparison ,
18 cases were diagnosed from march 2004 to january 2005 .
all patients who became infected ate raw fish in sushi or sashimi . |
caesarean section is obstetrical surgery by which through incisions in the abdominal wall and the lower uterine segment is performed extraction of the fetus in the advanced stages of pregnancy and childbirth ends by abdominal myomectomy .
because of its significance it is one of the most important surgeries performed... | introduction : caesarean section is obstetrical surgery by which through incision of the abdominal wall and the lower uterine segment performs extraction of the fetus in the advanced stages of pregnancy and childbirth ends by abdominal myomectomy . because of its significance it is one of the most important surgical pr... |
skeletal muscle atrophy caused by unloading is characterized by both decreased responsiveness to myogenic growth factors , such as insulin - like growth factor ( igf-1 ) and insulin , and increased proteolysis [ 13 ] .
we reported previously that unloading stress resulted in skeletal muscle atrophy through the induct... | background . unloading stress induces skeletal muscle atrophy . we have reported that cbl - b ubiquitin ligase is a master regulator of unloading - associated muscle atrophy .
the present study was designed to elucidate whether dietary soy glycinin protein prevents denervation - mediated muscle atrophy , based on the... |
the presence of metallic implants in patients undergoing x - ray computed tomography ( ct ) scans , manifesting itself in the form of dark and bright streak artefacts , is considered to be one of the most important sources of artefacts .
depending on the implant size , these artefacts can degrade image quality in the... | purposemetallic prosthetic replacements , such as hip or knee implants , are known to cause strong streaking artefacts in ct images .
these artefacts likely induce over- or underestimation of the activity concentration near the metallic implants when applying ct - based attenuation correction of positron emission tom... |
reinnervation of the transplanted heart is crucial to the autonomic nervous system ( ans ) 's physiologic control of cardiac performance.1)2)3 ) many previous studies have investigated the autonomic reinnervation of the transplanted heart , and sympathetic reinnervation is now a generally accepted phenomenon.4)5)6)7)8 ... | background and objectivesbicaval heart transplantation ( htx ) may promote parasympathetic reinnervation .
however , the prevalence and timing of reinnervation have not been fully investigated . heart rate variability ( hrv ) and direct vagal stimulation
were used to evaluate the presence of parasympathetic reinner... |
integrated health and social care is necessarily complex since the competence needed for carrying out the task of care does not lie within one individual provider organization , but requires deliberate co - operation between different providers . in this world , the primary managerial task is variously seen as seeking ... | purposeintegrated health and social care is necessarily complex since the competence needed for carrying out the task of care does not lie within one individual provider organization , but requires deliberate co - operation between different providers.in this world , the primary managerial task is variously seen as see... |
ca signaling plays an important role in diverse biological processes , ranging from gene expression to cellular development ( sheng et al . , 1991 ; means , 1994 ; park et al . , 2007 ) .
cellular ca sources are abundant and include the mitochondria , endoplasmic reticulum , lysosome , and extracellular environment .... | neuronal calcium sensors ( ncs ) readily bind calcium and undergo conformational changes enabling them to interact and regulate specific target molecules .
these interactions lead to dynamic alterations in protein trafficking that significantly impact upon synaptic function .
emerging evidence suggests that ncs and... |
massage therapy is a commonly used health care modality in canada for the treatment of a wide range of health concerns , with over 12,000 registered massage therapists in ontario alone . like many health care professions
these changes are reflected in the recent development of the inter - jurisdictional practice comp... | backgroundmassage therapy is commonly used in canada for the treatment of a wide range of health concerns .
massage therapy is changing to meet the health care needs of canadians .
rapid changes to the profession may create a gap between patient expectations of massage therapy treatment based on historic views of t... |
as a service to our authors and readers , this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors .
such materials are peer reviewed and may be reorganized for online delivery , but are not copyedited or typeset .
technical support issues arising from supporting information ( other than missing files )... | abstractphosphinebased detection strategies for both nitroxyl ( hno ) and snitrosothiols ( rsno ) were investigated and compared .
phosphorus nmr studies show that azaylides derived from hno or organic rsno efficiently participate in subsequent reductive ligation required for fluorescence generation in properly subst... |
staphylococcus epidermidis ( se ) is a saprophyte which is part of the normal human skin and mucous membranes microflora .
furthermore , se is one of the most common etiologic agents of nosocomial infections ( nis ) worldwide .
moreover , se is the most prevalent etiology of ni in pediatric intensive care units ( i... | staphylococcus epidermidis strains isolated from nosocomial infections represent a serious problem worldwide . in various mexican states several reports have shown isolates from hospitals with antibiotic resistance to methicillin . in mexico city , there is scarce information on staphylococcal infections in hospitals .... |
generalized diffusion tensor imaging ( gdti ) [ 13 ] , was proposed to model the apparent diffusion coefficient ( adc ) recovered by diffusion mri ( dmri ) when imaging the diffusion of water molecules in heterogeneous media like the cerebral white matter .
essentially , gdti uses higher - order cartesian tensors ( h... | generalized diffusion tensor imaging ( gdti ) was developed to model complex apparent diffusivity coefficient ( adc ) using higher - order tensors ( hots ) and to overcome the inherent single - peak shortcoming of dti .
however , the geometry of a complex adc profile does not correspond to the underlying structure of... |
after root canals
are filled , clinical and radiographic follow - up should confirm treatment success .
materials used during obturation should meet a number of criteria so that success can be
achieved .
of these , biocompatibility is a fundamental property because the filling
materials can be placed in close... | objectivethis study tested rat connective tissue response to realseal , realseal primer or
ah plus after 7 , 15 , 30 , 60 and 90 days of implantation.material and methodsthirty wistar rats had subcutaneous sockets created on their back and received
four implants each of polyethylene tubes containing one of the mate... |
malaria contributes the major disease burden and its control is hampered many operational and technical reasons and among the technical reason insecticidal resistance , namely , development of insecticide resistance in malaria vectors to the commonly used synthetic chemical insecticides in public health sprays has ... | hexane extract of tuber of plant cyperus rotundus ( cyperaceae ) was screened under laboratory conditions for repellent activity against mosquito vector anopheles culicifacies giles species a ( diptera : culicidae ) , anopheles stephensi liston ( diptera : culicidae ) , and culex quinquefasciatus say ( diptera : culici... |
thyroid nodules are common in the general population , with a clinical prevalence between 5.3% and 6.4% for women and between 0.8% and 1.6% for men in normally
thyroid fine - needle aspiration ( fna ) represents a simple , fast , reliable , and minimally invasive technique to explore nodules .
considering its high ... | aim . we aimed to analyze the diagnostic criteria proposed by the bethesda system for reporting thyroid cytopathology for follicular lesions of undetermined significance ( flus ) , the risk of cancer and diagnostic improvement with use of immunocytochemistry .
methods . for each flus diagnosis
, we analyzed the cyt... |
kidney transplantation offers a better quality of life over hemodialysis in patients with end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) .
the survival after transplantation is determined by multiple factors , including pretransplant co - morbidities , type of graft , and degree of immunosuppression .
the development of new im... | background : infectious disorders are a major cause of concern in renal transplant recipients ( rtrs ) leading to considerable morbidity and mortality .
we studied the profile and outcomes of infectious disorders in a cohort of rtr.materials and methods : in this prospective , observational study , we evaluated all r... |
paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease , which is caused by the lung flukes of the trematode genus paragonimus .
human infection occurs by ingestion of raw or incompletely cooked freshwater crab or crayfish infected with the metacercariae . as ranges of the freshwater crab and crayfish have been rapidly reduced , due ... | paragonimiasis is a parasitic disease caused by the lung fluke , paragonimus spp .
lung flukes may be found in various organs , such as the brain , peritoneum , subcutaneous tissues , and retroperitoneum , other than the lungs .
abdominal paragonimiasis raises a considerable diagnostic challenge to clinicians , bec... |
focal choroidal excavation ( fce ) was first described by jampol et al . in 2006 , as an unusual choroidal excavation in the fovea with an intact overlying retina , detected by time - domain optical coherence tomography ( oct ) .
subsequent application of spectral - domain oct ( sd - oct ) has elucidated the clinical... | purpose . to investigate the prevalence and characteristics of focal choroidal excavation ( fce ) concurrent with central serous chorioretinopathy ( csc ) using multimodal imaging
. methods .
this was a retrospective single - institution study .
clinical features and multimodal imaging findings were analyzed in e... |
all of these treatments are effective at improving visual acuity in the amblyopic eye in infancy [ 14 ] .
less is known about the effects of amblyopia treatments on the visual function of the nonamblyopic eye .
occlusion , which is the most common treatment for amblyopia , suppresses the entire visual input from th... | purpose . to investigate the effects of bangerter filters on the visual field in healthy and in amblyopic patients .
materials and methods .
fifteen normal adults and fifteen anisometropic amblyopia patients were analysed with standard automated perimetry ( sap ) and frequency doubling technology ( fdt ) at baselin... |
dna methylation is an epigenetic mark affecting genes and transposons .
we screened for mutations that fail to establish dna methylation , yielding two mutants termed involved in de novo ( idn ) .
idn1 encodes dms3 , an smc related protein , idn2 encodes a novel double stranded rna binding protein with homology to ... | |
endoscopic ultrasound ( eus ) has been a useful method for evaluating pancreatobiliary pathology for more than a decade .
the ability to obtain histological samples by eus - guided fine needle aspiration ( fna ) biopsies has allowed the better care of patients with cystic or solid pancreatic lesions .
pancreatic tu... | background and objectives : there is no consensus about the ideal method for diagnosis in patients who have already undergone endoscopic ultrasound fine needle aspiration ( eus - fna ) , and the inconclusive material is often obtained .
the aim was to evaluate the diagnostic yield of the second eus - fna of pancreati... |
alzheimer s disease ( ad ) is pathologically defined by the presence of neuritic plaques , intracellular neurofibrillary tangles , and a greater loss of cortical neurons than in same - age , non - demented persons .
although they are most common in vascular dementia , independent white matter changes ( wmc ) have als... | diffusion tensor imaging ( dti ) is a sophisticated mri - based neuroimaging technique that enables in vivo quantification of differences in molecular diffusion at the cellular level . owing to the highly directional architecture of white matter ( wm ) ,
dti is providing important clues of the structure and geometric... |
the pathogenicity of endodontic microorganisms responsible for stimulating apical periodontitis creates the need for finding effective antimicrobial medicaments16 .
sodium hypochlorite ( naocl ) and chlorhexidine ( chx ) are the most frequently widely studied and employed antimicrobial agents for treatment of root ca... | the efficacy of the sodium hypochlorite ( naocl ) and chlorhexidine ( chx ) on enterococcus faecalis was evaluated by systematic review and meta - analysis .
the search strategies included search in electronic biomedical journal databases ( medline , embase , central ) and handsearching records , using different matc... |
tungstoenzymes and molybdoenzymes typically catalyze the generic n = 2 reaction : r + h2o ro + 2[h ] , where r is either an oxoanion ( e.g. , sulfite ) or a relatively small organic metabolite ( e.g. , an aldehyde ) . on the basis of structural ( cofactor and protein ) and functional properties molybdoenzymes ... | formaldehyde ferredoxin oxidoreductase from pyrococcus furiosus is a homotetrameric protein with one tungstodipterin and one [ 4fe4s ] cubane per 69-kda subunit .
the enzyme kinetics have been studied under steady - state conditions at 80 c and pre - steady state conditions at 50 c , in the latter case via monitori... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) remains one of the leading causes of mortality and morbidity worldwide . the world health organization ( who ) estimates that approximately one - third of the world population is infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis ( mtb ) , the agent that causes mtb infection and disease , and annually eight m... | purposeto assess the prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis among first - degree relative ( fdr ) contacts not living with tuberculosis ( tb ) cases.methodsa cross - sectional analysis of household contacts living with an index tb case and fdr contacts living outside of households in kampala , uganda , is presented.resul... |
acute subdural hematoma ( asdh ) generally appears on computed tomography ( ct ) scan as a crescent - shaped high - density lesion , while acute epidural hematoma ( aedh ) as a high - density lentiform lesion .
the reported mechanism underlying subdural membrane formation is the result of proliferation and excessive ... | encapsulated acute subdural hematoma ( asdh ) has been uncommonly reported . to our knowledge , a few cases of lentiform asdh have been reported .
the mechanism of encapsulated asdh has been studied but not completely clarified .
encapsulated lentiform asdh on a computed tomography ( ct ) scan mimics acute epidural... |
angiotensin - i - converting enzyme ( ace , also known as peptidyl - dipeptidase a or kininase ii ) was first isolated in 1956 and shown to be a chloride - dependent metalloenzyme that cleaves a dipeptide from the carboxyl terminus of the decapeptide angiotensin i to form the potent vasopressor ( blood vessel constrict... | angiotensin - i - converting enzyme ( ace ) is a monomeric , membrane - bound , zinc- and chloride - dependent protein that catalyzes the conversion of the decapeptide angiotensin i to the octapeptide angiotensin ii .
ace is a key part of the system that regulates blood pressure , and recent x - ray structures may he... |
about 1,900 species of mushrooms grow in korea . among them , 243 ( 13% ) species are poisonous . mushroom poisoning occurs every year . forty - eight cases of mushroom poisoning reported from 2006 to 2013 resulted in 17 fatalities . according to previous reports , amanita virosa ,
amatoxin , and poisoning by these ... | mushroom - related poisoning can cause acute kidney injury . here
we report a case of acute kidney injury after ingestion of amanita punctata , which is considered an edible mushroom .
gastrointestinal symptoms occurred within 24 hours from the mushroom intake and were followed by an asymptomatic period , acute kid... |
all experimental procedures were approved by the committee for animal experiments and the ethics committee of istanbul university ( approval number : 2011/89 ) .
wistar albino rats weighing about 250300 g housed under 12 h light/12 h dark , and fed standard diet and water .
( 1 ) control received single - dose isot... | objective : the aim of this study is to investigate the possible protective effects of melatonin and caffeic acid phenethyl ester ( cape ) on potassium dichromate ( k2 cr2o7)-induced nephrotoxicity and genotoxicity.methods:a total of 40 wistar albino rats were divided into five groups : control , k2cr2o7(k2cr2o715 mg /... |
forceps and vacuum extractors are commonly used for vaginal operative delivery based on randomized trials demonstrating the feasibility , safety , and comparable efficacy of these methods .
however , the use of those instruments can provoke serious complications such as fourth - degree tears , fetal facial injury , o... | abstractbackground : to compare medical students skills for vaginal operative delivery by vacuum extraction ( ve ) after hands - on training versus video demonstration.methods:we randomized medical students to an expert demonstration ( group 1 ) or a hands - on ( group 2 ) training using a standardized ve algorithm on ... |
systemic capillary leak syndrome ( scls ) which is also called clarkson 's disease is rare and life - threatening disorder of unknown etiology.1 unexplained capillary leakage from the intravascular to the interstitial space , which has been estimated up to 70% of the intravascular volume , is the proposed mechanism and... | systemic capillary leak syndrome ( scls ) , also called clarkson 's disease is rare and life - threatening disorder of unknown etiology , which is a characteristic triad of hypovolemic shock , hemoconcentration , and hypoalbuminemia .
unexplained capillary leakage from the intravascular to the interstitial space , wh... |
malaria during pregnancy is a substantial public health problem in endemic tropical countries , especially sub - saharan africa .
it has been estimated that approximately 125 million pregnant women live in malaria - endemic areas in sub - saharan africa and 32 million of these pregnant women are at risk of malaria [ ... | this study aimed to investigate coagulation , fibrinolysis indicators , and malaria during pregnancy . methods .
a cross - sectional study was conducted at medani , sudan .
sociodemographic characteristics were gathered from each parturient woman ( 163 ) and malaria was investigated by blood film and placental hist... |
hands , because of its exposure and the importance of its functionality , are at high risk and may be affected by many injuries .
hand burns have an important place in the pathology of children ( 2 , 3 ) , which are more complex and the appearance of contractures is a common complication .
the main reason of these ... | objective : burn injuries in hands are much more complex and the appearance of contractures is a common complication
. hand burn injuries often result in limited functionality , flexion and extension of fingers and present a major hindrance in rehabilitation .
the aim of physical therapy and splinting after hand bu... |
a major problem preventing effective counteracting of the projected rise in the burden of copd is the insufficient awareness of , and nihilism towards this disabling disease among all stakeholders , i.e. general public , patients , healthcare professionals and healthcare payers .
reasons behind this vary from unaware... | contexta major problem preventing effective counteracting of the projected rise in the burden of copd is the insufficient awareness of , and nihilism towards this disabling disease among all stakeholders , i.e. general public , patients , healthcare professionals and healthcare payers .
reasons behind this vary from ... |
the innate immune system comprises phagocytes ( such as macrophages , monocytes and
neutrophils ) , mast cells , eosinophils , basophils and natural killer cells .
it constitutes a
front line of defence against most microbial infection by eliminating invading pathogens and
initiating an ... | sepsis refers to a systemic inflammatory response syndrome resulting from a microbial
infection .
the inflammatory response is partly mediated by innate immune cells ( such as
macrophages , monocytes and neutrophils ) , which not only ingest and eliminate invading
pathogens but als... |
acute leukemias account for approximately 20 000 diagnoses and 10 000 fatalities in the united states annually .
according to the international classification of diseases for oncology ( third edition , icd - o-3 ) , acute lymphocytic leukemia ( all , with b - cell and t - cell subtypes ) and acute myelogenous leukemi... | backgroundsyncytin-1 , a cell membrane - localizing fusogen , is abnormally expressed in several cancers , including endometrial cancer , breast cancer , and leukemia .
although abnormal syncytin-1 expression has been detected in two - thirds of leukemia blood samples , its expression profile in acute leukemia patien... |
the infants and toddlers with disabilities program ( itdp ) , originally established as part h of the education of the handicapped act and later reauthorized as part c of the individuals with disabilities education act ( idea ) , provides financial assistance to states for the development of coordinated , statewide ser... | medicaid has been a major source of financing for early intervention services since the inception of the infants and toddlers with disabilities program in 1986 . in this article , the authors analyze medicaid financing of early intervention services in 39 states before and after the introduction of managed care .
the... |
several methods are available for the protection of the carboxyl group of amino acids during peptide synthesis .
however , with the advent of combinatorial chemistry and with medicinal chemistry developing into a separate branch of science , the use of amino acids having multiple functionalities and which are differe... | propargyl esters are employed as effective protecting groups for the carboxyl group during solution - phase peptide synthesis .
the propargyl ester groups can be introduced onto free amino acids by treating them with propargyl alcohol saturated with hcl .
the reaction between propargyl groups and tetrathiomolybdate... |
allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( hsct ) currently represents one of the best standard treatment options for a variety of malignant and non - malignant hematological diseases .
this approach is based on the ability of donor hematopoietic stem cells ( hsc ) to localize to recipient bone marrow ( bm ... | homing of hematopoietic stem cells ( hsc ) to their microenvironment niches in the bone marrow is a complex process with a critical role in repopulation of the bone marrow after transplantation .
this active process allows for migration of hsc from peripheral blood and their successful anchoring in bone marrow before... |
during 20062014 , a total of 23 fin whales were found stranded along the coast of italy .
we systematically conducted full necropsies and microscopy- and molecular - based analyses on 9 ( 39% ) carcasses that were in good conservation status .
of these 9 fin whales , 2 were juveniles and 2 were calves found during ... | during 20112013 , dolphin morbillivirus was molecularly identified in 4 stranded fin whales from the mediterranean sea .
nucleoprotein , phosphoprotein , and hemagglutinin gene sequences of the identified strain were highly homologous with those of a morbillivirus that caused a 20062007 epidemic in the mediterranean ... |
several lines of evidence indicate the involvement of the prefrontal cortex ( pfc ) in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia .
postmortem and brain imaging studies revealed structural abnormalities in the pfc of schizophrenic patients [ 17 ] , and brain imaging studies have shown abnormal activation of the pfc in schi... | to investigate how neuronal activity in the prefrontal cortex changes in an animal model of schizophrenia , we recorded single unit activity in the medial prefrontal cortex of urethane - anesthetized and awake rats following methamphetamine ( ma ) administration . systemic ma injection ( 4 mg / kg , ip ) induced incon... |
evolution of morphological diversity has fascinated biologists , but only in the past half - century the investigation of mechanisms underlying the origin and establishment of specific phenotypes became possible through the combination of genetics , evolution and developmental biology in the field so - called evo - dev... | developmental processes and their results , morphological characters , are inherited through transmission of genes regulating development . while there is ample evidence that cis - regulatory elements tend to be modular , with sequence segments dedicated to different roles , the situation for proteins is less clear , b... |
in 1987 , hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) was discovered to be the causative agent of a type of hepatitis previously known as non - a , non - b hepatitis.1 however , it has been observed with time that presence of the virus might be also responsible for extrahepatic manifestations . 2 therefore , the concept of systemic hcv ... | hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection is associated with a number of extrahepatic disorders .
the most studied conditions associated with hcv are type ii mixed cryoglobulinemia and b cell lymphoma . however , many reports suggest that hcv might also be associated with a number of autoimmune disorders , both organ - spe... |
femoral artery access for increasingly prevalent endovascular techniques and the association of certain vascular disorders ( e.g. aneurysmal degeneration of the aorta ) with inguinal hernias is likely to increase the frequency with which surgeons must perform herniorraphy in reoperative groins [ 1 , 2 ] .
this situat... | the rising use of endovascular techniques utilizing femoral artery access may increase the frequency with which surgeons face the challenge of hernia repair in reoperative groins which may or may not include a vascular graft .
we present a case where a vascular graft contributed to an acute presentation and complica... |
assessment of airway inflammation in the clinical course of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( aecopd ) may advance our understanding of the pathogenesis and the treatment effects in patients with aecopd .
exhaled breath condensate ( ebc ) analysis has been developed in recent years as a n... | backgroundassessment of airway inflammation in the clinical course of acute exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( aecopd ) may advance our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment.objectivesto assess airway inflammation in patients during the course of aecopd by serial analyses of their exhale... |
a total of 292 children 5 years of age ( 205 symptomatic and 87 asymptomatic ) were randomly selected among 694 symptomatic and 158 asymptomatic children who participated in a community- and hospital - based study of sporadic acute diarrhea in len , nicaragua , during 20052006 . in brief
, clinical cases were evaluat... | we describe the genetic diversity of sapovirus ( sav ) in children in nicaragua and investigate the role of host genetic factors and susceptibility to sav infections .
our results indicate that neither abo blood group , lewis phenotype , nor secretor status affects susceptibility to sav infection in nicaragua . |
inflammatory biomarkers have been shown to be associated with and to predict the onset of cardiovascular events [ 13 ] .
the predictive value of these markers , including interleukin-6 ( il-6 ) , has been demonstrated for subjects with existing coronary artery disease ( cad ) and apparently healthy subjects [ 36 ] . ... | objectives . to evaluate whether serum interleukin-6 ( il-6 ) is associated with increased risk of mortality in coronary artery disease ( cad ) patients . methods .
we performed a prospective cohort study of 718 cad patients from the guangzhou cardiovascular disease cohort ( gcdc ) study .
multivariable - adjusted ... |
chest compressions ( cc ) quality is a key determinant of good resuscitation outcomes for cardiac arrest patients 1 . since the 2010 guidelines were released , the aim of ccs has been to push the chest to a depth of 56 cm 2 .
even healthcare professionals perform ccs with shallower - than - recommended depths , as sh... | backgroundadequate chest compression ( cc ) depth is crucial for resuscitation outcomes .
lightweight rescuers , particularly women , are often unable to achieve the required 56 cm cc depth .
this nonrandomized cohort study investigated new strategies to improve cc performance.objectiveto evaluate the effects of a ... |
pulmonary hypertension ( ph ) refers to an abnormally elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation that can lead to right ventricular ( rv ) failure and death .
interestingly , ph has been partitioned and separated from other vascular disorders , including systemic hypertension .
therefore , while the role ... | pulmonary hypertension is a progressive disorder which often leads to right ventricular failure and death .
while the existing classification system for pulmonary hypertension does not account for the impact of diabetes mellitus , evidence is emerging that suggests that diabetes is associated with pulmonary hypertens... |
traditionally , determining implant position , size , number , direction , and placement depended on the presurgical diagnostic imaging , which often , was limited to two - dimensional radiographs , and on the guiding acrylic stents usually prepared over duplicated casts of diagnostic wax - up .
however , limitations... | advancements in the field of implantology such as three - dimensional imaging , implant - planning software , computer - aided - design / computer - aided - manufacturing ( cad / cam ) technology , computer - guided , and navigated implant surgery have led to the computerization of implant - dentistry .
this three - ... |
colon cancer is the fourth most common cause of cancer and is second only to lung cancer as a cause of cancer mortality in the united states .
colon cancers are believed to develop from polyps and , until recently , the adenoma was considered the exclusive precursor lesion while hyperplastic polyps ( hpps ) were deem... | until recently , colonic polyps were traditionally classified as either hyperplastic or adenomatous , and only the latter were believed to have the potential to progress to carcinoma .
however , it is now appreciated that a subset of serrated polyps also appear to have malignant potential .
serrated polyps are a he... |
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