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dystrophic and aseptic inflammatory disease of intraabdominal adipose tissue is a rare entity.1,2 this disorder mainly involves the mesentery of the small bowel , especially at its root , and occasionally the mesocolon ; however , it can also occur at any other sites in the abdomen , including the pelvis , the peripanc... | the preoperative diagnosis of intraabdominal panniculitis is difficult due to its rarity .
however , the increased use of abdominal computed tomography ( ct ) for a variety of indications has increased the diagnosis of intraabdominal panniculitis , including omental panniculitis .
the characteristic ct features of ... |
peripheral odontogenic tumors demonstrate histological characteristics of their intraosseous counterparts , but occur solely in the soft tissue covering the tooth - bearing portion of the mandible and maxilla .
these lesions are also known as extraosseous odontogenic tumors , soft - tissue odontogenic tumors , or odo... | odontogenic myxoma comprises 3 - 6% of all odontogenic tumors .
odontogenic myxomas are relatively rare benign mesenchymal tumors found exclusively in the tooth - bearing areas of the jaw and are usually located centrally in the mandible .
soft - tissue localization is rarely seen and is classified as peripheral my... |
avaliar a aplicabilidade da escala london chest activity of daily
living ( lcadl ) , em pacientes em lista de transplante pulmonar .
estudo transversal com 26 pacientes em lista de espera para transplante de
pulmo , de ambos os sexos , entre maio e setembro de 2010 tratados no programa de
reabilitao pulmonar , ... | objective : to evaluate the applicability of the london chest activity of daily living
( lcadl ) scale in patients on the waiting list for lung transplantation . methods : this was a cross - sectional study , conducted between may and september of 2010 ,
involving 26 male and female patients on the waiting list for... |
according to the european association of urology guidelines on urinary incontinence , concerning the treatment of female stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) , the retropubic insertion of a midurethral synthetic sling ( mus ) gives equivalent patient - reported cure of sui at 12 months , when compared to colposuspension... | single - incision slings were introduced in the surgical treatment of female stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) to lessen the morbidity associated with traditional midurethral slings . however , long - term reports on patient satisfaction are still scarce .
this study describes the outcome of women treated with mini... |
the perivascular epithelioid cell tumors ( pecomas ) are a family of related mesenchymal neoplasms that include angiomyolipoma , lymphangiomyomatosis , and clear cell ' sugar ' tumor of the lung ( 1 ) . in 1991 ,
investigations of hmb-45 ( gp100 ) immunoreactivity and the presence of premelanosomes in both clear cell... | we present a case of perivascular epithelioid cell tumors ( pecomas ) in the abdominal cavity at the falciform ligament .
a 30-yr - old korean man visited to hospital for the evaluation of a growing , palpable abdominal mass .
he had felt the mass growing over 6 months .
there was no family or personal history of... |
over the past few months , the health sciences community has engaged in a fierce debate regarding pathways to achieve the goals of open science.1,2,3 there is a significant divide between the potential for the rapid , reproducible health research that is critical to advancing health science , on the one hand , and the ... | open science includes a variety of approaches to facilitate greater access to data and the information produced by processes of scientific inquiry .
recently , the health sciences community has been grappling with the issue of potential pathways and models to achieve the goals of open science
namely , to create an... |
the viruses used in this study were isolated from homogenates of the brains of bats by direct intracranial ( i.c . )
although isolate b58 was obtained in 1989 , no further identification or characterization was conducted until this study .
was conducted following procedures approved by the animal ethics committee o... | genome sequencing and virulence studies of 2 japanese encephalitis viruses ( jevs ) from bats in yunnan , china , showed a close relationship with jevs isolated from mosquitoes and humans in the same region over 2 decades .
these results indicate that bats may play a role in human japanese encephalitis outbreaks in t... |
plants have been used for therapeutic applications ever since man has been concerned about his health . for centuries , the world has depended on the useful possessions of plants as a source of medicines .
ethnobotanical investigations done in the last few decades had discovered the analgesic properties of plants men... | leonurus cardiaca , commonly known as motherwort , is a member of the lamiaceae family .
it has a number of interesting biological activities , for example , sedative and hypotensive , antioxidant , anti - inflammatory , and antimicrobial activities .
the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of al... |
chromosomal instability phosphorylated histone h2ax kirsten rat sarcoma viral oncogene homolog loss of heterozygosity a peptide sequence motif containing leucine - any amino acid - cysteine - any amino acid - glutamate phosphatase and tensin homolog retinoblastoma protein retinoblastoma susceptibility gene murine retin... | recent work demonstrates that retention of a single functional retinoblastoma susceptibility ( rb1 ) allele is insufficient to maintain genome stability .
haploinsufficiency of rb1 accelerates cancer pathogenesis in concert with inactivation of tumor protein p53 .
collectively , multiple lines of evidence suggest r... |
primary aortoenteric fistula is a rare but potentially lethal complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm .
a 55-year - old woman was referred to the emergency room for syncope associated with hematemesis , melena and anemia .
the patient 's history revealed a heavy smoking habit , chronic alcohol - related liver ... | primary aortoenteric fistula is a direct communication between the aorta and intestinal lumen and it represents a rare but potentially lethal complication of an abdominal aortic aneurysm .
however , it may occur less frequently in a naive non - aneurysmatic aorta .
diagnosis is often difficult and delayed in most c... |
approximately 40% of all non - hodgkin lymphomas ( nhls ) occur in extranodal locations .
primary nhls of the gastrointestinal tract are rare , accounting for only 14% of malignancies arising in that area .
primary gastric lymphoma ( pgl ) accounted for 6875% of patients with primary gastrointestinal tract nhl [ 4 ... | objectives . the aim of this study was to evaluate clinical characteristics , prognostic factors , survival rates , and treatment modalities in patients with primary gastric lymphoma ( pgl ) . methods .
we retrospectively reviewed and analyzed data from patients treated for pgl in our clinic from 1998 through 2010 . ... |
targeted genetic engineering of human pluripotent cells is a prerequisite for exploiting their full potential .
such genetic manipulations can be achieved using site - specific nucleases . here , we engineered transcription activation - like effector nucleases ( talens ) for five distinct genomic loci . at all loci
... | |
determinar a rugosidade de superficies submetidas a diferentes tratamentos e correlacionar rugosidade com velocidade de escoamento de sistemas adesivos
lminas de vidro foram utilizadas como substrato para avaliar a velocidade de escoamento dos sistemas adesivos single bond and prime & bond nt .
seis diferentes trat... | objectives : to determine the roughness of glass surfaces submitted to different treatments and to correlate it with the spreading velocity of two adhesive systems.materials and methods : glass slides were used as substrates to evaluate the spreading velocity of single bond and prime & bond nt adhesive systems .
six ... |
a 56-year - old female was referred to oculoplastics at the king khaled eye hospital ( kkesh ) due to complaints of continuous pain and discharge in the right socket that had begun 4 months prior to presentation .
the patient had a history of perforating trauma followed by phthisis bulbi in the right eye when she was... | two case reports are used to illustrate the signs and symptoms , complications and treatments of chronic socket inflammation due to intraorbital implants . the ophthalmic examination ,
surgeries and treatments are documented .
two anophthalmic cases that underwent enucleation and multiple orbital surgeries to enhan... |
free vascularised fibula grafting is well described in limb salvage surgery after resection of bone tumours .
nonunion at the osteotomy site and fracture of the graft are recognised complications , which may be related to poor blood flow within the graft .
graft viability is usually judged by evidence of bony bridg... | the early identification of graft failure would improve patient management .
18f - fluoride is a suitable tracer for quantifying bone metabolism .
performance of parametric images constructed by patlak graphical analysis ( pga ) with various time periods was evaluated in the analysis of dynamic 18f - fluoride pet s... |
gonadotropin - releasing hormone ( gnrh ) controls the production of gonadotropins , there - by having an orchestrating effect on the reproductive hormone cascade and spermatogenesis ( 1 ) .
active immunization against gnrh has successfully suppressed the secretion of gonadotropins and decreased sperm production , fo... | backgroundactive immunization against gnrh decreases the secretion of gonadotropins and causes cessation of gonadal function , thereby , inducing infertility .
based on the immunoenhancing activity of kamdhenu ark ( distilled cow urine ) , this study was performed to evaluate its effects on the gonadosomatic indices ... |
a fundamental barrier to fulfilling the emerging health policy mandate in the united states for monitoring the quality and outcomes of pac is the absence of standardized , patient - centered outcome data that can provide policy officials and managers with outcome data across different diagnostic categories , over time ... | there is a growing health policy mandate for comprehensive monitoring of functional outcomes across post - acute care ( pac ) settings .
this article presents an empirical comparison of four functional outcome instruments used in pac with respect to their content , breadth of coverage , and measurement precision .
... |
the puerto rican crested toad , peltophryne lemur , is the only native toad species of puerto rico and has become a subject of conservation concern due to its small population size , limited breeding sites , and small geographic range [ 13 ] .
although several new populations have been established in puerto rico thro... | habitat preservation and management may play an important role in the conservation of the puerto rican crested toad , peltophryne lemur , due to this species ' small geographic range and declining native wild population .
bioavailable water concentrations of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon ( pah ) contaminants within... |
over the past two decades , it has become increasingly common for people to travel overseas in order to access medical procedures and services , including fertility treatment .
people travel to receive fertility services for a broad range of push and pull reasons . some travel to receive procedures that are illegal... | abstractdrawing upon the preliminary findings of an australian empirical project on cross - border reproduction ( cbr ) , this article argues that regulators and policymakers could learn from the experiences of those who travel overseas in order to access fertility treatment and surrogacy .
it makes four principal ob... |
bacterial parapneumonic pleural effusion ( ppe ) accounts for 40% of community - acquired pneumonia cases and has high morbidity and mortality ( 1 ) .
a study in the uk showed that the mortality rate of bacterial ppe was 15% and 20% of patients needed to be hospitalized for several months ( 2 ) .
an early identific... | background : bacterial parapneumonic pleural effusions ( ppes ) have high morbidity
. the accurate identification of pathogens is vital for initiating the appropriate treatment .
a previous study suggested that the use of blood culture bottles might improve the bacterial yield in ppes.objectives:the aim of this stu... |
metabolic syndrome ( metsy ) is defined as a combination of adverse cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) and metabolic risk factors including abdominal obesity , dyslipidemia , hyperglycemia , and hypertension . a growing body of evidence documented that the metsy is a risk factor for atherosclerotic cvd and type 2 diabetes ... | background : metabolic syndrome ( metsy ) , an important predisposing factor for the most of noncommunicable diseases , has become a global pandemic .
given different definitions used for the metsy , recently using a score termed continuous metsy risk score ( cmetsys ) is recommended .
the aim of this study was t... |
neuralgic amyotrophy ( brachial plexus neuropathy , brachial plexus neuritis , or parsonage - turner syndrome ) is an uncommon inflammatory condition typically characterized by acute and severe shoulder pain followed by paresis with muscle weakness and atrophy of the upper limb or shoulder girdle .
we report an unusu... | backgroundneuralgic amyotrophy ( brachial plexus neuropathy , brachial plexus neuritis , or parsonage - turner syndrome ) is an uncommon inflammatory condition typically characterized by acute and severe shoulder pain followed by paresis with muscle weakness and atrophy of the upper limb or shoulder girdle .
we repor... |
in recent years , great emphasis has been placed on the role of arterial stiffness and central blood pressure ( bp ) as independent predictors of the development of cardiovascular ( cv ) diseases [ 13 ] .
consequently , the assessment of arterial stiffness and central hemodynamics is recommended as additional tests f... | objective . central blood pressure ( bp ) and vascular indices estimated noninvasively over the 24 hours were compared between normotensive volunteers and hypertensive patients by a pulse wave analysis of ambulatory blood pressure recordings .
methods .
digitalized waveforms obtained during each brachial oscillomet... |
polycystic ovary syndrome ( pcos ) , one of the most common endocrine disorders occurring during reproductive age , is characterized by ovulatory dysfunction , biochemical or clinical hyperandrogenism , and polycystic ovaries .
its prevalence ranges from 5% to 20% depending on the diagnostic criteria used [ 2 , 3 ] .... | objective . to examine the association of polycystic ovary syndrome ( pcos ) in early pregnancy with
gestational diabetes mellitus ( gdm ) and adverse birth outcomes . methods . in this retrospective cohort study including 2389 pregnant women , the medical records of 352 women diagnosed with pcos were evaluated .
o... |
growth hormone deficiency ( ghd ) is one of the most important endocrine and treatable causes of short stature ( ss ) .
children with a height that is at least two standard deviations ( sds ) below average or approximately the third percentile for that age and gender are deemed to have ss . in the us alone , 90,000 c... | in clinical practice , every year approximately 150,000 children are referred with short stature ( ss ) based on a cut - off of fifth percentile .
the most important endocrine and treatable cause of ss is growth hormone deficiency ( ghd ) . the lack of reliable data on the prevalence of ghd in india limits estimation... |
there is an increased incidence of major and minor congenital abnormalities in infants born to epileptic mothers ( 6 - 7% compared with 2c3% in the general population ) .
sodium valproate is a popular drug because of its broad range of anticonvulsant effects and relative freedom from sedative and behavioral effects .... | antenatal use of anticonvulsant valproic acid can result in a well - recognized cluster of facial dysmorphism , congenital anomalies and neurodevelopmental retardation . in this report
, we describe a case with typical features of fetal valproate syndrome ( fvs ) . a 26-year - old female with epilepsy controlled on s... |
stakeholders in public health research are researchers , funding agencies , organizations hosting research activities , policymakers , health managers , professionals in the health care system , patients and the community as well as the healthcare industry .
it is important to understand the perceptions and views of ... | public health research has several stakeholders that should be involved in identifying public health research agenda .
a survey was conducted prior to a national consultation organized by the department of health research with the objective to identify the key public health research priorities as perceived by the sta... |
in recent years , the efficacy of endovascular treatment after the administration of intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator ( rt - pa ) has been demonstrated in several studies ( 1 - 5 ) .
in fact , the number of patients undergoing endovascular treatment after intravenous rt - pa administration has bee... | we herein report three ischemic stroke patients who underwent emergency carotid artery stenting after receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator ( t - pa ) treatment . all patients received antiplatelet medications immediately before stent placement for loading as well as dual antiplatelet therapy after stentin... |
pd is a chronic progressive brain disorder caused by a loss of dopamine - producing brain cells .
pd leads to shaking ( tremors ) , rigidity , difficulty with walking , slowness of movement , and impaired balance and coordination . in the later stages of illness
, there can be cognitive problems , and in the advanc... | this article explores the notion of the dislocated self following deep brain stimulation ( dbs ) and concludes that when personal identity is understood in dynamic , narrative , and relational terms , the claim that dbs is a threat to personal identity is deeply problematic . while dbs may result in profound changes in... |
immunization categories , experimental groups , and influenza virus strains used are shown in the table .
twenty - seven pigs were intranasally ( in ) inoculated with 7.0 log10 50% egg infectious doses of swine / belgium/1/98 ( avian - like swine influenza [ h1n1 ] ) , swine / gent/7625/99 ( reassortant influenza [ h... | we tested serum samples from pigs infected or vaccinated with european swine influenza viruses ( sivs ) in hemagglutination - inhibition assays against pandemic ( h1n1 ) 2009 virus and related north american sivs .
we found more serologic cross - reaction than expected .
data suggest pigs in europe may have partial... |
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is one of the major public health problems around the world . according to the compiled data of the world health organization ( who ) , approximately 150 million people have diabetes mellitus worldwide , and this number of diabetic patients may be doubled by the year 2025 . alongside establishe... | objective . to investigate the effects of low dose ethanol feeding in diabetic rats and analyze its underlying mechanisms
. methods .
male sprague - dawley rats were divided into 4 groups : control ( con ) , diabetes at 4 weeks ( dm4w ) , diabetes at 8 weeks ( dm8w ) , and etoh + dm8w .
after 8 weeks , hemodynami... |
children brought for medical treatment are often found to be suffering from more than one morbid condition , making a single diagnosis impossible .
the effective management of those conditions is more dependent on adopting a holistic approach using cheap , universally available and accessible strategies rather than s... | background : integrated management of childhood illness ( imnci ) is already operational in many states of india , but there are only limited studies in indian scenario comparing its validity and reliability with the decisions of pediatricians . aims andobjectives : to assess the validity and reliability of the imnci a... |
cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) is an emergency procedure which is performed on a person in cardiac arrest in an effort to reverse the otherwise inevitable progression to death .
however , success is not always possible and not infrequently this procedure is associated with a high level of morbidity .
it is f... | background:do not resuscitate
( dnr ) orders are put in place where cardiopulmonary resuscitation is inappropriate .
however , it is unclear who should be involved in discussions and decisions around dnr orders.aim:the aim was to determine the views of oncology and palliative care doctors and nurses on dnr orders.m... |
hemophilia a , a deficiency in the activity of coagulation factor ( f ) viii , is an x - linked bleeding disorder with an approximate incidence of one in 5,000 male infants.1,2 absence or reduction of the fviii protein affects secondary hemostasis , which manifests as induced or spontaneous bleeding depending on the se... | hemophilia a , a deficiency in the activity of coagulation factor ( f ) viii , is an x - linked bleeding disorder with an approximate incidence of one in 5,000 male infants . bleeding - related complications often result in greater severity of disease , poor quality of life , surgical interventions for severe joint des... |
calcifications are present almost solely in relation to atherosclerosis in the coronary vessels except for individuals with chronic kidney disease.1 ) therefore , coronary artery calcium score ( cacs ) has been used as a useful surrogate marker for coronary atherosclerosis burden .
furthermore , cacs provides prognos... | background and objectivesnon - calcified plaque ( ncp ) identified by coronary ct angiography ( ccta ) has been reported in up to 10% of individuals with coronary artery calcium score ( cacs ) of zero .
however , clinical risk factors and the prognostic value of ncp in asymptomatic subjects with cacs of zero are unkn... |
traditionally , clinical microbiologists handle and read routine bacterial culture plates on the open laboratory bench . at the beginning of each shift ,
stacks of inverted plates are removed from incubators and set on the benchtop . throughout the day
this work includes collecting plates from different incubators ... | digital plate reading ( dpr ) is increasingly being adopted as a means to facilitate the analysis and improve the quality and efficiency within the clinical microbiology laboratory .
this review discusses the role of dpr in the context of total laboratory automation and explores some of the platforms currently availa... |
primitive neuroectodermal tumors ( pnets ) are highly malignant embryonal neoplasms of bone and soft tissues accounting for 4%17% of all pediatric soft tissue tumors .
metastasis at presentation is quite common , with central pnets metastasizing to cranium and leptomeninges while peripheral pnets ( ppnets ) dissemina... | primitive neuroectodermal tumors ( pnets ) are highly malignant neoplasms of embryonal origin manifesting in children and adolescents , rarely seen in adults .
carcinoma lung with hemorrhagic metastasis to the brain is very common , but primary lung pnet with hemorrhagic brain metastasis is extremely uncommon . we he... |
levels of the polybrominated diphenyl ethers ( pbdes ) , a class of widely used flame retardants , appear to be rising rapidly in human tissues , as evidenced by studies of human breast milk .
the case of the pbdes illustrates the value of breast - milk monitoring programs in identifying important emerging pollutants... | |
the international community is rapidly approaching the deadline for achieving the 2015 millennium development goals . given that we have the tools at our disposal to significantly bend aids - related morbidity and mortality curves and reduce hiv incidence , it is essential to redouble efforts to reach the goal of placi... | we have the tools at our disposal to significantly bend aids - related morbidity and mortality curves and reduce human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) incidence .
it is thus essential to redouble our efforts to reach the goal of placing 15 million people on life - saving and -enhancing antiretroviral therapy ( art ) b... |
both the psychomotor and emotional development can be significantly impaired when the child has hearing problems .
lack of information and acoustical stimuli in the first years of life restricts or even disables the development of speech .
earlier diagnosis of hearing problems in an infant or child is enhances the ... | backgroundaccording to the guidelines of the european scientific consensus on hearing ( european federation of audiology societies
efas congress , june 2011 , warsaw , poland ) , the detection and treatment of communication disorders in early school - age children is of the highest importance .
this objective was a... |
piroxicam is a non - selective prostaglandin g / h synthase ( better known as cyclooxygenase or cox ) inhibitor that acts on both prostaglandin g / h synthase 1 and 2 ( cox-1 and -2 ) .
cox catalyzes the conversion of arachidonic acid to a number of prostaglandins involved in fever , pain , swelling , inflammation , ... | piroxicam has two different crystalline forms ( known as needle and cubic forms ) , that they are different in physicochemical properties such as biological solubility . in the current research , using taguchi experimental design approach the influences of five operating variables on formation of the piroxicam polymorp... |
skills such as social smiling , crawling , the first walking steps , grasping , and the first spoken word are known as developmental milestones .
important developmental milestones that are commonly studied include gross motor , fine motor , language , and social skills .
children who do not achieve developmental m... | background : nearly 14% of children worldwide do not reach their developmental potential in early childhood
. the early identification of delays in achieving milestones is critical .
the world health organization ( who ) has developed normal age ranges for the achievement of motor milestones by healthy children .
... |
the prevention of diet - related diseases , such as coronary heart disease and obesity , is a key public health priority within europe and internationally .
nutrition labels are a potentially valuable tool in assisting consumers to make informed decisions about their food choice .
voluntary use of front - of - pack... | background : nutrition labels are a potentially valuable tool to assist consumers in making healthy food choices .
front - of - pack labels are a relatively new format and are now widely used across many european countries , but it is unclear which of the many formats in use are best understood by consumers .
it is... |
the disease is caused by 3 serotypes of poliovirus ( poliovirus types 1 , 2 , and 3 ) , belonging to the genera enterovirus and picornaviridae family .
recently , the virus has been reclassified as enterovirus c spp . in the enterovirus genus .
the virus is transmitted through contaminated food and water and multip... | since 1992 , surveillance for acute flaccid paralysis ( afp ) cases was introduced in malaysia along with the establishment of the national poliovirus laboratory at the institute for medical research . in 2008 ,
the ministry of health , malaysia , approved a vaccine policy change from oral polio vaccine to inactivate... |
worldwide , cervical cancer is the second most common malignant tumor in women and is one of the leading causes of cancer - related death in developing countries . despite the general downward trend in incidence of cervical cancer ,
it is still a serious public health problem worldwide , especially in developing coun... | backgroundil-1 and il-6 are associated with the prognosis of a wide range of cancers , but their value in cervical cancer remains controversial .
the aim of this study was to investigate the expression of il-1 and il-6 in cervical cancer and their significance in clinical prognosis.material/methodsthe expression of i... |
recovery of normal knee range of motion ( rom ) is among the primary goals of total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) since knee rom is an important clinical indicator of knee joint function that can be used as a basis for the assessment of the success of tka1234 ) .
most daily living activities require 90-120 knee rom24 ) ;... | purposethis study is to report clinical and radiological results of high - flexion total knee arthroplasty ( tka ) using nexgen lps - flex system at a minimum 5-year follow - up , and to analyze the implant survivorship based on the results.materials and methodsa total of 80 patients ( 118 knees ) who underwent patella... |
field emission is a quantum mechanical tunneling phenomenon in which electrons escape from a solid surface into vacuum , as explained theoretically by r. h. fowler and l. nordheim in 1928 .
field emission is widely used in many kinds of vacuum electronic applications such as flat panel displays , microwave power tube... | this paper describes an experimental study on field emission characteristics of individual graphene layers for vacuum nanoelectronics .
graphene layers were prepared by mechanical exfoliation from a highly oriented pyrolyzed graphite block and placed on an insulating substrate , with the resulting field emission beha... |
in 2002 , a baseline survey for this study was performed in the town of hisayama , japan .
briefly , of the total of 3,896 residents aged 40 to 79 years , 3,000 consented to participate in the survey ( participation rate , 77.0% ) . among them , 178 participants were not administered a 75-g oral glucose tolerance tes... | objectiveto examine , for the first time , the association between a novel inflammatory cytokine , angiopoietin - like protein ( angptl ) 2 , and the development of type 2 diabetes ( t2dm).research design and methodsa total of 2,164 community - dwelling japanese individuals aged 40 to 79 years without diabetes were fol... |
the ability to recognize meaningful information from faces is a crucial aspect of our social life . when we are exposed to an environment that is rich in visual features and stimuli
, we can immediately detect a face and easily recognize its individual identity and emotional state .
this suggests the presence of an... | in this review , we focus on the role of temporal stages of encoded facial information in the visual system , which might enable the efficient determination of species , identity , and expression .
facial recognition is an important function of our brain and is known to be processed in the ventral visual pathway , wh... |
sequence alignment tools are essential to biological research [ see , e.g. ( 1 ) , for a survey of multiple sequence alignment methods ] . in addition
to merely the residues / nucleotides , biologists often possess more knowledge regarding function , structure or conserved patterns of the sequences to be analyzed .
... | re - music is a web - based multiple sequence alignment tool that can incorporate biological knowledge about structure , function , or conserved patterns regarding the sequences of interest .
it accepts amino acid or nucleic acid sequences and a set of constraints as inputs .
the constraints are pattern description... |
the immune system is composed of two major subdivisions the innate immune system and the adaptive immune system .
the innate immune system , comprised of cytokines , macrophages , and nk cells is rapidly responsive , while the adaptive system is antigen specific and relatively slow to develop . on the other hand , ... | most cancer patients are treated with some combination of surgery , radiation , and chemotherapy . despite recent advances in local therapy with curative intent ,
chemotherapeutic treatments for metastatic disease often remain unsatisfying due to severe side effects and incomplete long - term remission .
therefore ... |
the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( ahr ) is a transcription factor that belongs to the basic helix - loop - helix /per - arnt - sim family of dna binding proteins .
there are two major categories of environmental compounds that activate ahr signaling : halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons ( hah ) , such as 2,3,7,8-tetrachl... | the aryl hydrocarbon receptor ( ahr ) is an orphan nuclear receptor with a primary function of mediating xenobiotic metabolism through transcriptional activation of phase i and phase ii drug - metabolizing enzymes .
although no high - affinity physiological activators of ahr have been discovered , the endogenous sign... |
the female child is six - years - old and comes from fortaleza in the state of ceara in brazil .
initial symptoms began six months ago and included fever , asthenia , and weight loss .
tests findings include : cbc : normochromic and very microcytic anemia ( hb : 7.1 g ) , leucopenia ( 3,300 wbc ) , and thrombopenia... | we report the case of a six - year - old brazilian girl referred for splenomegaly who first presented with fever , asthenia , and weight loss . geographical location , clinical exam , and blood laboratories suggested kala - azar .
serology confirmed kala - azar diagnosis , but direct evidence of the parasites was not... |
one factor contributing to immunological memory is the much higher frequency of lymphocytes specific for the priming antigen in the memory pool than among naive cells .
long - term persistence of memory cells is achieved by a combination of two processes : first , the long - term survival of individual cells , and se... | memory t cells can be divided into central memory ( tcm ) and effector memory ( tem ) cells , which differ in their functional properties .
although both subpopulations can persist long term , it is not known whether they are maintained by similar mechanisms .
we used in vivo labeling with deuterated glucose to m... |
ascending aortic dissection ( aad ) is a rare and serious complication of aortic valve replacement .
multiple risk factors such as connective tissue disease , aortic wall thinning , aortic diameter , calcification of wall , structural features of aortic wall and associated diseases have been considered as a predispos... | backgroundascending aortic dissection ( aad ) is a rare and serious complication of aortic valve replacement .
multiple risk factors such as connective tissue disease , aortic wall thinning , aortic diameter , calcification of wall , structural features of aortic wall and associated diseases have been considered as a... |
cardiovascular diseases , such as coronary heart disease ( chd ) , are among the leading causes of death in western countries and in iran ( 1 ) .
these disorders are responsible for more than 25% of all deaths worldwide ( 2 ) . in the uk , for example ,
more than 90,000 people die from chd each year ( 3 ) . accordi... | backgroundpatients with coronary heart disease are at high risk for mental health disorders , such as depression and anxiety .
psychoeducation is a well - known intervention for psychiatric patients , but its use has been limited in other health conditions , such as coronary heart disease.objectivesthe aim of this st... |
wild - type , pigmented long - evans ( le ) rats , obtained from charles river ( seattle , wa , usa ) , were used as controls because although the retina layers thin with age , there is no appreciable cell loss or change in total retinal volume .
in addition , le rats have previously been used to back breed pigment i... | purposeprospective treatments for age - related macular degeneration and inherited retinal degenerations are commonly evaluated in the royal college of surgeons ( rcs ) rat before translation into clinical application .
historically , retinal thickness obtained through postmortem anatomic assessments has been a key o... |
the hormones , glucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide ( gip ) and glucagonlike peptide1 ( glp1 ) , are released from the intestine in response to nutrient ingestion and stimulate insulin secretion in a glucosedependent manner , as a result of which they have been classified as
incretins. additionally , both horm... | abstractglucosedependent insulinotropic polypeptide ( gip ) was the first incretin to be identified .
in addition to stimulating insulin secretion , gip plays regulatory roles in the maintenance , growth and survival of pancreatic islets , as well as impacting on adipocyte function .
the current review focuses on t... |
aluminum ( al ) toxicity is a major constraint of crop production on acid soils . in view of the fact that 40% of world 's arable land is acidic [ 1 , 2 ] , al toxicity remains a major hurdle for increasing world food , fiber , and fuel production particularly via expansion of cultivation into acid soils .
aluminum i... | soybean is one of the most aluminum ( al ) sensitive plants .
the complex inheritance of al tolerance trait has so far undermined breeding efforts to develop al - tolerant soybeans . discovering the genetic factors underlying the al tolerance mechanisms
would undoubtedly accelerate the pace of such endeavor . as a ... |
data for this study were obtained from participants in the portland progression project , a prospective longitudinal study of the course and risk factors for glaucomatous progression . individuals with non - end - stage glaucoma or with ocular hypertension plus risk factors for glaucoma undergo testing with a variety o... | purposewe determined whether longitudinal changes in retinal nerve fiber layer ( rnfl ) reflectance provide useful prognostic information about longitudinal changes in function in glaucoma.methodsthe reflectance intensity of each pixel within spectral - domain optical coherence tomography ( sd - oct ) circle scans was ... |
it is characterized by unilateral or bilateral paralysis of the sixth and seventh cranial nerves , manifested clinically as external ophthalmoplegia and weakness of facial muscles . even though von graaefe described a case of congenital facial diplegia in 1880 , it was paul julius mbius , a german neurologist , who dre... | mbius syndrome is an extremely rare congenital disorder .
we report a case of mbius syndrome in a 2-year - old girl with bilateral convergent squint and left - sided facial weakness . the characteristic magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) findings of mbius syndrome , which include absent bilateral abducens nerves and ... |
many people throughout the world live with a variety of clinical conditions , including stroke , spinal trauma , cerebral palsy , and multiple sclerosis .
unfortunately , these conditions frequently present with motor deficits , which greatly reduce the quality of life for those affected . mental practice with motor ... | motor imagery electroencephalography ( eeg ) has been successfully used in locomotor rehabilitation programs . while the noise - assisted multivariate empirical mode decomposition ( na - memd ) algorithm has been utilized to extract task - specific frequency bands from all channels in the same scale as the intrinsic mo... |
honey bees ( apis mellifera ) contribute vital pollination services to agricultural crops and native landscapes , accounting for over $ 15 billion / year in economic value in the us .
in addition , the honey bee is a model organism for epigenetic , behavioral , and host - pathogen interaction studies [ 210 ] . since ... | honey bees play an important agricultural and ecological role as pollinators of numerous agricultural crops and other plant species . therefore , investigating the factors associated with high annual losses of honey bee colonies in the us is an important and active area of research .
pathogen incidence and abundance ... |
schizophrenia is a severe , particularly devastating , psychiatric disorder affecting approximately 1% of the general population .
even though schizophrenia is highly heritable , the research for chromosomal loci and candidate genes has not provided any consistent results .
combinations of genetic , epigenetic , an... | schizophrenia , a severe psychiatric condition , is characterized by disturbances of cognition , emotion , and social functioning .
the disease affects almost 1% of world population .
recent studies evaluating the role of catechol - o - methyltransferase enzyme ( comt ) polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of schizoph... |
the mdc ( malm diet and cancer ) study is a population - based , prospective cohort of 28,449 individuals examined between 1991 and 1996 ( 20 ) . from this cohort , a random sample , examined between november 1991 and february 1994 (
n = 6,103 ) , was included in the mdc cardiovascular cohort , with the primary aim ... | backgroundboth pathological excess and deficiency of growth hormone ( gh ) are associated with cardiovascular mortality.objectivesthe goal of this study was to test whether fasting levels of growth hormone measured with a high - sensitivity assay ( hs - gh ) predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality at the populat... |
fat redistribution in hiv - infected patients is associated with antiretroviral therapy ( art ) , including protease inhibitors ( pi ) and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors ( nnrti ) [ 1 , 2 ] .
central fat accumulation or lipohypertrophy may be more common in women [ 3 , 4 ] and has been associated with... | chronic inflammation is a hallmark of hiv infection .
eicosanoids reflect inflammation , oxidant stress , and vascular health and vary by sex and metabolic parameters .
raltegravir ( ral ) is an hiv-1 integrase inhibitor that may have limited metabolic effects .
we assessed urinary f2-isoprostanes ( f2-isops ) , ... |
tenofovir disoproxil fumarate ( tdf ) , the oral prodrug of tenofovir , is an acyclic nucleotide phosphonate , which is frequently used as a first - line therapy in hiv - infected patients .
it can be conveniently dosed once a day and has a favorable side effect profile , making it one of the most commonly prescribed... | backgroundtenofovir disoproxil fumarate ( tdf ) may cause acute kidney injury and proximal tubular dysfunction . however , no detailed studies document urinary phosphate wasting as a marker of tdf - induced tubulopathy.methodsrecords of hiv - infected patients with presumed tdf toxicity were reviewed .
we describe th... |
petrous bone cholesteatomas ( pbcs ) are epidermoid cysts , which have developed in the petrous portion of the temporal bone and may be congenital or acquired.1
2
3 the incidence of pbcs was estimated as accounting for between 4 and 9% of all petrous bone lesions.1
2
4
a pbc gradually invades the bony labyri... | petrous bone cholesteatomas ( pbcs ) are epidermoid cysts , which have developed in the petrous portion of the temporal bone and may be congenital or acquired .
cholesteatomas arising in this region have a tendency to invade bone and functional structures and the middle and posterior fossae reaching an extensive size... |
ophthalmic conditions are common in primary care practice.1 eye signs and symptoms are often the first recognized presentation of common systemic conditions , such as diabetes and hypertension .
while many conditions affecting the eye can be treated , irreversible damage can occur if they are left unrecognized ( eg ,... | background : this cross - sectional survey assessed the adequacy of ophthalmology teaching in undergraduate medical education and evaluated the comfort level of family medicine residents in diagnosing and managing common ophthalmic conditions.methods:postgraduate year 1 and 2 family medicine residents at the university... |
a 53-year - old african man was diagnosed with unknown primary undifferentiated carcinoma with mediastinal lymph nodes and thrombosis of superior vena cava in 1993 .
the patient was initially treated by 8 cycles of chop ( cyclophosphamide , adriamycin , vincristine , and prednisone ) .
he relapsed in 1996 with spin... | we report a patient with unknown primary undifferentiated carcinoma who developed acute renal failure associated with interstitial fibrosis following pemetrexed therapy . despite drug withdrawal , renal function remained altered and the patient experienced chronic renal insufficiency .
pemetrexed disodium ( alimta ) ... |
acquired platelet dysfunction with eosinophilia ( apde ) is usually a self - limiting bleeding disorder characterized by an insidious onset of easy bruising with petechiae in an otherwise well person .
hypereosinophilia is often the first clue to diagnosis , which is supported by the findings of a platelet storage po... | an 11-year - old american boy was staying with his family in indonesia .
he presented with a 5-month history of recurrent bruises and ecchymosis .
a clinical diagnosis of acquired platelet dysfunction with eosinophilia was made when his full blood counts showed hypereosinophilia ( 7.4109/l ) with normal platelet co... |
efforts in nanomaterials have rapidly expanded into the assembly of well - ordered two- and/or three - dimensional ( 2d and/or 3d ) superstructures.the 3d superstructures provide possibilities to probe brand - new properties and applications due to the spatial orientation and arrangement of the nanocrystals [ 1 - 3 ] .... | highly ordered mesoporous cds nanowire arrays were synthesized by using mesoporous silica as hard template and cadmium xanthate ( cdr2 ) as a single precursor . upon etching silica ,
mesoporous cds nanowire arrays were produced with a yield as high as 93 wt% .
the nanowire arrays were characterized by xrd , n2adsor... |
the utriculo - endolymphatic valve at the anteromedial wall of the utricle , was discovered by bast in 1928 in human fetuses .
the utricular duct connects the utricle with the saccular space , close to the entrance of the endolymphatic duct .
bast suggested that the function of the valve was closing of the utricu... | the first description of the presence of a utriculo - endolymphatic valve in human fetuses was given by bast in 1928 . since then this valve - like structure
is called bast s valve .
its exact function has not yet been established .
the general opinion is that it has a protective function by having the possibilit... |
ch is also one of the most classic diseases in newborn screening history , the incidence of which varied from 1:2000 to 1:4000 in different areas and different ethnicities .
pituitary thyroid axis , which leads to a reduction of thyroxin secretion , which , in turn , causes severe damage to the brain . according to ... | background . a newborn screening program ( nsp ) for congenital hypothyroidism ( ch ) was carried out in guangxi in order to understand the incidence of ch and the factors interrelated to major types of ch in this region of china .
methods . during 2009 to 2013 , data from 930 612 newborns attending nsp in guangxi w... |
silica nanoparticles have attracted much attention for industrial and biomedical applications , such as for use as additives and in printer toners , varnishes , pharmaceutics , cosmetics , and coating materials.1,2 these wide - ranging applications stem from the properties of silica nanoparticles , which include easy s... | purposethe effects of particle size on the tissue distribution and excretion kinetics of silica nanoparticles and their biological fates were investigated following a single oral administration to male and female rats.methodssilica nanoparticles of two different sizes ( 20 nm and 100 nm ) were orally administered to ma... |
surgical aortic valve replacement ( avr ) still represents the gold standard among the therapeutic options in patients with severe symptomatic aortic valve stenosis .
currently , patients often have a heavily calcified valve , aortic root or diffuse atherosclerosis of the aortic wall and have already undergone a prev... | sutureless aortic valve replacement ( avr ) was developed as an alternative treatment option to conventional open - heart surgery and transcatheter aortic valve implantation for gray zone patients .
the need for concurrent mitral valve surgery is generally viewed as a contraindication to sutureless avr .
the purp... |
over the past several
decades , the entrapment of proteins in transparent ,
mesoporous silica has been of significant interest to scientists and
engineers spanning a broad spectrum of disciplines . in more recent
history ,
integral membrane proteins ( imps ) have been of particular
interest for entrapment i... | the entrapment of nanolipoprotein
particles ( nlps ) and liposomes
in transparent , nanoporous silica gel derived from the precursor tetramethylorthosilicate
was investigated .
nlps are discoidal patches of lipid bilayer that
are belted by amphiphilic scaffold proteins and have an average thickness
of 5 nm ... |
aryl-3,4-dihydropyrimidines derivatives have recently received great attention because of their wide range of therapeutic and pharmacological properties , such as antiviral , antitumor , antibacterial and antifungal , anti - inflammatory , antihypertensive agents , and neuropeptide y ( npy ) antagonists .
furthermore... | synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1h)-one and 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1h)-thione derivatives from aldehydes , 1,3-dicarbonyl derivatives and urea or thiourea using granite and quartz as new , natural and reusable catalysts . some of the 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1h)-thione derivatives were used to prepare new heterocycli... |
infections due to human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) and hepatitis b and hepatitis c viruses remain as the leading health problems .
worldwide causes of viral hepatitis due to hepatitis b ( hbv ) and hepatitis c viruses ( hcv ) are also common in the geography of our country .
importance of prevention from this i... | distribution of hbv , hcv and hiv results of the inpatients or outpatients , who had been treated for various diagnoses in diyarbakr training and research hospital between 2005 and 2012 , among years was investigated.files of the patients , who had been treated as inpatient or outpatient 992 .
to any diagnosis betwee... |
gallstone ileus is an uncommon complication of gall stones associated with potentially serious morbidity and mortality .
we reported a 60-year - old male case who presented with renal failure and pain in right hypochondriac region .
he also had a history of brain infarcts along with diabetes which is an additional ... | background : gallstone ileus is an uncommon complication of gall stones associated with potentially serious morbidity and mortality.case report : we reported a 60-year - old male case who presented with renal failure and pain in right hypochondriac region .
he also had a history of brain infarcts along with diabetes ... |
spasticity is a common neurological complication following central nervous system injuries such as traumatic or acquired brain and spinal cord injury .
indications for the treatment of spasticity include pain , function limitations , contracture prevention , and positioning assistance .
non - pharmacological modali... | hematuria is a documented side effect of botulinum toxin injection and has only been reported when it is used for overactive bladder .
here we report a rare case of hematuria following onabotulinumtoxin a ( botox ) injection for upper limb spasticity in a 29-year - old male with a history of traumatic brain injury an... |
ckd is a major and serious risk factor for coronary artery disease ( cad ) .
cad is extremely common in the population of uremic patients . in people with established cad ,
ckd predicts recurrent events as strongly as other established cardiovascular risk factors such as diabetes and elevated blood pressure . wheth... | background and objective : to determine the prevalence of chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) and incidence of acute kidney injury ( aki ) in patients with coronary artery disease ( cad ) demonstrated on coronary angiography.materials and methods : totally , 125 patients admitted to lilavati hospital and research centre , m... |
bar - retained implant overdentures ( iods ) are a common treatment option in implant prosthodontics , and the implants that support the prosthetic restorations exhibit high survival rates.123 it has been discussed controversially if the number of implants or a placing of extensions on bars influence the clinical outco... | purposethis retrospective study evaluated the outcome of implant - retained overdentures ( iods ) after 5 - 19 years of clinical function.materials and methodsa retrospective analysis of patient files was performed referring to 27 patients who received 36 iods with 3 different bar designs ( group a = prefabricated roun... |
interaction of plant genotype with environment is one of the central problems of plant genetics . according to modern data , environmental factors , such as , temperature , water availability , lighting conditions , mineral nutrition regulate expression of plant genes affecting diverse epigenetic processes dna methyla... | heritable changes of phenotype arising in plant ontogenesis by the influence of environmental factors belong to the most intriguing genetic phenomena .
an unusual inheritance pattern was detected during examination of male fertility restoration in the cms - inducing
9e type cytoplasm of sorghum :
rf - genes were... |
in the age of health care reform , institutions are asking providers to continually improve the quality of care while reducing costs .
patient satisfaction with pain management is a critically important measure of quality health care.1 while opioids are effective analgesics , their use is frequently associated with a... | transversus abdominis plane ( tap ) infiltration is a regional anesthesia technique that has been demonstrated to be effective for management of postsurgical pain after abdominal surgery .
there are several different clinical variations in the approaches used for achieving analgesia via tap infiltration , and methods... |
we can save many teeth by endodontic procedures rather than extraction , and it has been successful and conservative mode of treatment .
however , sometimes mishaps such as accidental ingestion of the endodontic instrument may occur if the treatment is carried out without application of rubber dam , especially in the... | the majority of foreign body ingestions occur in the pediatric population , with a peak incidence between the ages of 6 months and 6 years .
safety during dental treatment of children can not be overemphasized .
uncooperative , mentally and physically handicapped children are more prone to ingestion or aspiration o... |
cementless total hip arthroplasty ( tha ) has been associated with favorable results at both mid- and long - term follow - ups1,2 ) . to achieve long - term survival rates of the cementless components ,
as several studies have demonstrated that hydroxyapatite ( ha ) is a non - toxic , biocompatible , and osteoconduct... | purposeto evaluate the clinical and radiological results , as well as the survival rate , associated with total hip arthroplasty using a hydroxyapatite ( ha)-coated anatomical femoral stem at a follow - up of 12 years.materials and methodsfrom april 1992 to may 1997 , 86 patients ( 102 hips ) underwent total hip arthro... |
ten humans ( 7 male and 3 female ; ages 5284 ) provided 14 postmortem eyes ( 8 right and 6 left ) from the san diego eye bank within 48 hours of death . listed causes of death included cancer ( leukemia , esophageal , and myelodysplastic syndrome ) , dementia , failure to thrive , liver failure , gastrointestinal bleed... | purposeto assess the ability of trabecular micro - bypass stents to improve aqueous humor outflow ( aho ) in regions initially devoid of aho as assessed by aqueous angiography.methodsenucleated human eyes ( 14 total from 7 males and 3 females [ ages 5284 ] ) were obtained from an eye bank within 48 hours of death .
e... |
this work refers to the debate taking place in italy during the final decades of the nineteenth century , regarding mental health and lunatic asylums which housed an ever - increasing number of patients suffering from mental illness .
overcrowding , lunatic asylums , coercive and inhuman methods , the degradation in ... | the present work refers to the debate which took place in italy in the final years of the nineteenth century in relation to mental health and lunatic asylums , from which emerged various innovative proposals for avoiding compulsory confinement in numerous cases .
some of them became part of new legislative regulation... |
desmoplastic fibromas are benign but locally aggressive bone tumors first described by jaffe in 1958 .
desmoplastic fibromas are quite rare , accounting for 0.06% of all bone tumors and 0.3% of benign bone tumors , typically in patients younger than 30 years , involving the metaphysis or diametaphysis of long bones i... | desmoplastic fibromas are rare , benign , locally aggressive bone tumors , which arise primarily in patients younger than 30 years old .
historically , even with greater functional loss , en bloc or wide resection of the tumors to prevent local recurrence has been the method of choice in treatment .
this article di... |
hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) is an rna virus of the flaviviridae family that establishes persistent infection in the majority of infected patients .
a potential role for nk cells in viral hepatitis was first suggested by genetic studies that described a higher odds ratio of spontaneous hcv clearance and ifn - treatment ... | natural killer ( nk ) cells are traditionally regarded as first - line effectors of the innate immune response , but they also have a distinct role in chronic infection . here , we review the role of nk cells against hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) and hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) , two agents that cause acute and chronic hepat... |
the temporomandibular joints ( tmj ) or the craniomandibular joints are one of the important joints in the body which may be subjected to disease processes like degeneration and inflammation .
the commonest of the inflammatory joint diseases is rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) which is a chronic multisystem disease .
th... | background : a review of literature revealed that , although the involvement of temporomandibular joint ( tmj ) in rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) patients is not uncommon , variation in presentation persist .
comparative studies of bony changes in the right and left tmj with the right and left peripheral hand ( metacarp... |
the number of neurons in the human brain approximates the number of stars in the galaxy .
the result is an incredibly complex and sophisticated network made of roughly 100 trillion synapses .
communications between neurons in the brain occur primarily through synapses formed between presynaptic and postsynaptic par... | synapses are sites of cell - cell contacts that transmit electrical or chemical signals in the brain .
dendritic spines are protrusions on dendritic shaft where excitatory synapses are located .
synapses and dendritic spines are dynamic structures whose plasticity is thought to underlie learning and memory .
no w... |
colon cancer develops as a result of the pathologic transformation of normal colonic epithelium to adenomatous polyp , which ultimately leads to invasive cancer [ 13 ] .
tumor induction and progression are characterized by accumulation of multiple genetic and epigenetic alterations , that confer a selective reproduct... | the influence of the microenvironment through the various steps of cancer progression is signed by different cytokines and growth factors , that could directly affect cell proliferation and survival , either in cancer and stromal cells . in colon cancer progression
, the cooperation between hypoxia , il-6 and vegf - ... |
the number of yearly deaths from melanoma continues to increase , and the overall melanoma mortality rate is one of the few cancer mortality rates not on the decline .
these realities combined with increasing evidence of the lack of efficacy of the abcde criteria have necessitated ongoing efforts to enhance the earli... | current clinical approaches to melanoma diagnosis have not been associated with a decrease in mortality from this cancer .
the components of the new approach presented are , first , a screening examination to look for any lesion that stands out because of being dark , different , or changing ; second , when a single ... |
infant respiratory distress syndrome ( irds ) is the most common respiratory disease in preterm infants , and leads to substantial morbidity and mortality.1,2 irds is caused by lung immaturity and usually develops within minutes of birth .
it is defined by tachypnea , retractions or nasal flaring , grunting respirati... | backgroundinfant respiratory distress syndrome ( irds ) is the most common respiratory disease in preterm infants , and is associated with considerable morbidity and mortality .
valid data on irds are important in clinical epidemiological research.objectivesthe objective of this study was to estimate the positive pre... |
repetitive foreign body ingestion , although a common clinical pediatric problem , is relatively rare in the adult population and occurs primarily in individuals with psychiatric conditions , such as bipolar disorder , depression , or posttraumatic stress disorder .
described ingested objects include fish bones , nee... | surgeons are gaining interest in natural orifice surgery because of its minimally invasive nature . the new paradigm shift of using a natural orifice , as opposed to the abdominal wall , as a conduit for entry into the abdomen has resulted in novel solutions to solving difficult surgical problems .
repetitive foreign... |
despite the better control of tuberculosis ( tb ) in the world , the proportion of extrapulmonary tb has increased in recent years . in this context , peritoneal tb ( ptb ) represents the most frequent form of abdominal tb .
data are lacking in developed countries since most studies were done in endemic countries of ... | introductiondiagnosis of peritoneal tuberculosis ( ptb ) is difficult , even in developed countries , where data are lacking .
the aim of the present study was to describe the clinical presentation , diagnosis , and bacterial epidemiology of ptb in france over a 10-year period.methodsa retrospective study was conduct... |
in this study , we gathered the total sample size is 200 of mentally retarded students in north of tehran ( districts 1 , 2 , 3 ) and the sample size was determined according to previous research ( 11 - 12 ) and also sample size for preliminary evaluation of reliability and validity test .
data were analyzed by cronb... | objectivehaving a good quality of life has always been desirable for humans , and the concept of a good life and the ways of achieving it have become important over the years .
personal wellbeing is the mental component of quality of life .
thus , the current study was conducted to assess the reliability and validi... |
in india , more than 1 billion people are engaged in agricultural activities and a large quantity of pesticides is used to protect their crop against pests to get more yields .
india is the largest producer of pesticides in asia and the third largest consumer of pesticides in the world .
pesticide consumption has b... | background : cholinesterase determination indicates whether the person has been under pesticide exposure is not .
it is recommended that the workers cholinesterase level should be assessed for workers at a pesticide applied region .
hence , cholinesterase activities in blood samples of agricultural workers exposed ... |
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