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the clinical management of lesions suspicious of malignancy relies not only on diagnosis of benign versus malignant entity but also on tumor grading , immunohistochemical findings , and genetic information . hence , a carefully performed biopsy with low risk of complication is crucial . compared with open biopsy , ...	objectives : nonreal - time positron emission tomography / computed tomography ( pet / ct ) biopsies that use the image co - registration of a prior pet with an intra - procedural ct have been reported . the aim of this study was to report the initial experience of performing real - time intra - procedural pet / ct -...
mato grosso comprises 903,357.9 km and has an estimated population of 2,803,274 inhabitants living in 141 municipalities . nineteen municipalities have reported cases of hps , mainly near brazil s br-364 highway , located between the north and southwestern sections of the state . the climate is equatorial subhumid ...	we associated laguna negra virus with hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in mato grosso state , brazil , and a previously unidentified potential host , the calomys callidus rodent . genetic testing revealed homologous sequencing in specimens from 20 humans and 8 mice . further epidemiologic studies may lead to control o...
rodents were captured in a rural area 22.8 km north of the town of real de catorce in the municipality of catorce , san luis potos , mexico ( figure 1 ) . a total of 400 live - capture traps were set each night on 2 consecutive nights in the first week of august 2005 . samples of whole blood , samples of kidney and...	we isolated arenavirus rna from white - toothed woodrats ( neotoma leucodon ) captured in a region of mexico in which woodrats are food for humans . analyses of nucleotide and amino acid sequence data indicated that the woodrats were infected with a novel tacaribe serocomplex virus , proposed name real de catorce vir...
diabetes prevalence for blacks and latinos in the us are nearly double that of whites ( 11% of blacks , 10% of mexican americans , and 5% of whites have diabetes ) and blacks and latinos have higher obesity prevalence than whites [ 1 , 2 ] . physical activity is proven to help prevent and control diabetes , both inde...	background . east harlem is an epicenter of the intertwining epidemics of obesity and diabetes in new york . physical activity is thought to prevent and control a number of chronic illnesses , including diabetes , both independently and through weight control . using data from a survey collected on adult ( age 18...
early childhood caries ( ecc ) is a common childhood disease in the united states ( us ) and worldwide . until recently , the standard of care for ecc has been primarily surgical and restorative treatment with relatively little emphasis on the prevention and management of disease . in the us , young children who are ...	until recently , the standard of care for early childhood caries ( ecc ) has been primarily surgical and restorative treatment with little emphasis on preventing and managing the disease itself . it is now recognized that surgical treatment alone does not address the underlying etiology of the disease . despite costl...
it is evident that infant s umbilical cord is essential for its survival and growth . in the past , it was not considered as a necessary tissue . however , nowadays , it has attracted lots of attention and its relation to different diseases has been demonstrated . in iranian traditional medicine , caring for newborn ...	background : it is evident that infant s umbilical cord is essential for its survival and growth . in the past , it was not considered as a necessary tissue . however , nowadays , it has attracted lots of attention and its relation to different diseases has been demonstrated . in iranian traditional medicine , caring...
although kidney disease patients can survive without kidney function , dialysis is a life - saving procedure . however , many complications related to chronic kidney disease ( ckd ) have not been resolved , including cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) , mineral and bone disorders ( ckd - mbd ) , and infection . nephrol...	the social and economic burdens of dialysis are growing worldwide as the number of patients increases . dialysis is becoming a heavy burden even in developed countries . thus , preventing end - stage kidney disease is of the utmost importance . early detection and treatment is recommended because late referral is...
a recent us study found increasing demand for blood transfusion associated with the increased aging of the population . blood transfusion is an important supportive treatment of cancer patients most of whom are anemic , and it is a critical issue for patients with chronic diseases such as heart failure and chronic ki...	background / objectives . blood transfusion is a critical issue for patients with chronic diseases such as heart failure , chronic kidney disease , and malignancy . however , side effects are not rare . the purpose of the study is to evaluate the frequency of adverse blood transfusion reactions in hospitalized el...
class ii malocclusions are of interest to practicing orthodontists because they constitute a significant percentage of the cases they treat.1 myriad treatment modalities for class ii malocclusions have been investigated and published.2 some authors attempt to correct the underlying skeletal imbalance through growth mod...	objectiveswe evaluated the skeletal and dentoalveolar effects of the forsus fatigue resistance device ( frd ) and the twin block appliance ( tb ) in comparison with nontreated controls in the treatment of patients with class ii division 1 malocclusion.materials and methodsthis retrospective study included three groups ...
there are some recent reports indicating a high failure rate ( 50% ) of the modified tension band technique despite previous good results . several modifications have been used to increase the stabilisation of the tension band technique along with other techniques [ 4 , 7 , 9 ] . although difficulties concerning th...	tension band wiring for patellar fractures is common , but some recent reports refer to disadvantages of this approach . our anatomical and biomechanical study focused on use of tension band techniques in patellar fractures . the anatomy of the patella and tendon insertion was examined with knee magnetic resonance ...
surfaceenhanced raman scattering ( sers ) is a novel and powerful characterization technique and slowly developing toward maturity as a tool for heterogeneous catalysis.1 many effects play a role in the actual sers spectra that are observed,2 and full understanding of the reasons for spectral fluctuations is important ...	abstractstraightforward analysis of chemical processes on the nanoscale is difficult , as the measurement volume is linked to a discrete number of molecules , ruling out any ensemble averaging over rotation and diffusion processes . raman spectroscopy is sufficiently selective for monitoring chemical changes , but is...
globally an estimated 2.5 million children are living with hiv / aids , 10,000 becoming infected daily and 2,60,000 deaths of children under 15 occur due to aids - related illnesses . the government of india estimates that about 2.40 million indians are living with hiv ( 1.933.04 million ) with an adult prevalence of...	we present a 16-year - old boy , who had presented to us with catatonic features of mutism , withdrawal , passive negativism , grimacing , gesturing , echopraxia , and excitement of 5 days duration while taking antiretroviral therapy ( art ) for a period of 2 years . he had history of birth asphyxia and acquired hiv ...
pull - down experiments using a tagged version of slra established that it is able to interact with both sinr and slrr . these 2 protein interaction activities would appear to be in conflict because slra would both promote and repress biofilm formation simultaneously by interacting with and inhibiting the functions of ...	bacterial biofilms are becoming a significant societal problem : biofilms form dental plaque , coat ships causing biofouling , and cling onto medical instruments and implants . understanding how these surface - bound communities are formed is crucial for the development of suitable strategies for their dispersal . at...
stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic brain damage that causes neurological deficits , such as a sensory , motor , cognitive , speech , and visual disabilities1 . more than 85% of stroke patients experience unilateral paralysis , and more than 69% of them suffer damage to upper extremity function2 . a range of inte...	[ purpose ] the aim of this study was to examine the effects of upper limb robot - assisted therapy in the rehabilitation of stroke patients . [ subjects and methods ] fifteen stroke patients with no visual or cognitive problems were enrolled . all subjects received robot - assisted therapy and comprehensive re...
rheumatic fever ( rf ) is a nonsuppurative late autoimmune inflammatory complication of streptococcus pyogenes infection in the upper airway . the clinical picture consists mainly of episodes of migratory polyarthritis , sydenham 's chorea , and rheumatic heart disease . antiphospholipid syndrome ( aps ) is an auto...	objective . to evaluate the clinical associations between rheumatic fever and antiphospholipid syndrome and the impact of coexistence of these two diseases in an individual . methods . systematic review in electronics databases , regarding the period from 1983 to 2012 . the keywords : rheumatic fever , antiphosp...
primitive basilar carotid anastomoses form early during fetal embryogenesis . in the 4-mm human embryo , the internal carotid arteries extend from the paired dorsal aortic arches and anastomose at 3 major sites with the paired longitudinal neural arteries that constitute the primitive vertebro - basilar system in the...	persistent primitive trigeminal artery ( ppta ) is the most common carotid - basilar anastomosis ; on the other hand , persistent primitive otic artery ( ppoa ) is extremely rare . ppta is often misdiagnosed as ppoa on cerebral angiography . we present a case of ppta that mimicked ppoa on cerebral angiography . w...
triple - negative breast cancers ( tnbcs ) lack expression of the steroid receptors estrogen ( er ) and progesterone ( pr ) and the tyrosine kinase human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 ( her-2 ) . therefore , tnbcs are a diagnosis of exclusion , typically characterized by upregulation of cytokeratins 5 , 14 , and 1...	triple - negative breast cancers ( tnbcs ) are aggressive tumors with poor prognosis compared to other breast cancer subtypes . the evidence linking tnbc with the metabolic syndrome , which consists of central obesity , insulin resistance , impaired glucose tolerance , dyslipidemia , and hypertension , has emerged fr...
patients with a history of sexually transmitted infections ( stis ) are at increased risk for the development of ectopic pregnancies because of postinflammatory fallopian tube scarring and deformity . unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy is a rare condition , first described in 1891 by de ott . live twin ec...	background . the incidence of unilateral twin ectopic pregnancy is a rare condition . several factors increase the risk of ectopic pregnancy , the most important of which is pelvic inflammatory disease , followed by operative trauma , congenital anomalies , tumors , and adhesions resulting in anatomically ...
the runt domain ( rd ) is the dna - binding domain of p53 type transcription factors known as core binding factor ( cbf ) subunits . the cbfs are expressed by the three related genes runx1 , runx2 and runx3 ( 1 ) . the three runx genes are important for developmental processes ; runx1 is important for hematopoiesi...	the runt domain ( rd ) is the dna - binding region of the runx genes . a related protein , known as core binding factor ( cbf ) also binds to the rd to enhance rd dna interaction by 6- to 10-fold . here , we report results from molecular dynamics ( md ) simulations of rd alone , as a dimer in complexes with dna and...
metabolism of propionyl - coa to succinyl - coa involves three successive enzymatic reactions ( fig . 1 ) . inherited defects in the enzymes catalysing the first and third steps of this pathway , and in the metabolism of their respective cofactors , cause well - characterised , clinically significant diseases , , . i...	methylmalonyl - coa epimerase ( mce ) follows propionyl - coa carboxylase and precedes methylmalonyl - coa mutase in the pathway converting propionyl - coa to succinyl - coa . mce deficiency has previously been described in six patients , one presenting with metabolic acidosis , the others with nonspecific neurologic...
extramedullary hematopoiesis ( eh ) refers to the hematopoiesis that occurs in organs other than bone marrow . a classic example of eh is the increased ectopic erythropoiesis in a liver or spleen in hypoxia due to increased erythropoietin production.1 eh can be further classified into active or passive categories . ...	extramedullary hematopoiesis ( eh ) is defined as hematopoiesis occurring in organs outside of the bone marrow ; it occurs in diverse conditions , including fetal development , normal immune responses , and pathological circumstances . during fetal development , before formation of mature marrow , eh occurs in the yolk...
the incidence of malignant melanoma is increasing worldwide , and upon dissemination has a very poor prognosis . only two systemic treatments are approved for disseminated disease and encompass il-2 based immunotherapy ( 16% response rate and 6% complete responses ) and dacarbazine ( 6%15% response rate with no imp...	clinical trials of adoptive transfer of autologous tumor infiltrating lymphocytes ( tils ) to patients with advanced malignant melanoma have shown remarkable results with objective clinical responses in 50% of the treated patients . in order to initiate a clinical trial in melanoma , we have established a method for ...
well - differentiated systemic mastocytosis ( wdsm ) is a rare , recently recognized provisional subvariant of systemic mastocytosis ( sm ) . we report a case of wdsm that showed excellent clinical and cutaneous response to imatinib in the absence of known molecular genetic abnormalities . we present a 24-year - ol...	abstractintroduction : well - differentiated systemic mastocytosis ( wdsm ) is a rare , recently recognized provisional subvariant of systemic mastocytosis ( sm ) . we report a case of wdsm that showed excellent clinical and cutaneous response to imatinib in the absence of known molecular genetic abnormalities.clinic...
accordingly , interest in the lives and welfare of the disabled is also improving which requires execution of a systematic and effective policy for the disabled . in order to operate it , guidelines to rate the impairments objectively and scientifically is required ( 1 - 3 ) . this is due to diagnostic errors , bogus...	a systematic and effective welfare system for people with digestive system impairments is required . in korea , an objective and scientific rating guideline does not exist to judge the digestive system impairments . whether the impairments exist or not and the degree of it need to be examined . thus , with these co...
in this study , we provide an overview of the korean burden of disease ( kbod ) study , which was the first study of its type to assess the national burden of disease in an advanced asian country , using disability - adjusted life years ( dalys ) as measures of disability . burden of disease measurements that employ ...	this paper provides an overview of the korean burden of disease ( kbod ) study , which was the first such study to assess the national burden of disease using disability - adjusted life years ( dalys ) in an advanced asian country . the kbod study generally followed the approach utilized in the original global burden...
a three month - old baby girl was admitted to the emergency department because of a seizure which occurred the previous day . there was no fever , and no definite history of trauma . she was a term baby with no perinatal problems such as birth trauma , and the findings of physical and laboratory examinations were unr...	shaken baby syndrome ( sbs ) is a form of child abuse that can cause significant head injuries , of which subdural hematoma ( sdh ) is the most common manifestation . we report the mri findings of chronic sdh in three cases of sbs , involving two- , three- and eight - month - old babies . the sdh signal was mostly ...
a 67-year - old female patient visited the hospital for acute debakey type i aortic dissection surgery . echocardiography showed 25% ejection fraction with a right ventricular wall motion abnormality , and the blood tests revealed creatine kinase - mb ( ck - mb ) at 220 mcg / l . for treatment of the acute myocardial...	a 67-year - old female patient was treated with conventional total arch replacement and insertion of a stented elephant trunk ( set ) graft into the descending thoracic aorta for acute debakey type i aortic dissection at one time . she had been treated with right coronary artery stent insertion for acute myocardial i...
it can be single or multiple , unilateral or bilateral , malformed morphologically or normal in size and shape , and erupted or impacted.[24 ] in the primary dentition , the incidence is said to be 0.3% to 0.8% and in the permanent dentition 1.5% to 3.5% . the prevalence of supernumerary teeth in the general caucasia...	supernumerary tooth denotes duplication of tooth in the normal series . it is a developmental anomaly and has been argued to arise from multiple etiologies . these teeth may remain embedded in the alveolar bone or can erupt into the oral cavity . the supernumerary tooth might cause esthetic and/or functional prob...
in recent years , the role of mutations in non - protein - coding regions has come to light in the pathogenesis of different neuromuscular diseases , so that the terms toxic rna and spliceopathy have been increasingly referred to pathological conditions in which accumulation of mutant rnas results in a deleterious gain...	in the cell nucleus , the gene primary transcripts undergo molecular processing to generate mature rnas , which are finally exported to the cytoplasm . these mrna maturation events are chronologically and spatially ordered , and mostly occur on distinct ribonucleoprotein ( rnp)-containing structures . defects in th...
various abdominal exercises are used in physical therapy for the treatment of low back injury and as a component of fitness training programs1,2,3,4 . clinicians should be knowledgeable about the types of exercise and training programs that would most effectively recruit abdominal muscles , as frail elderly ind...	[ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to demonstrate the effects of expiration on abdominal muscle activity during maximum trunk flexion . [ subjects ] twenty - one healthy university students ( 10 men , 11 women ) participated in this study . [ methods ] electromyography ( emg ) was used to quantify the ac...
metabolic and cardiovascular diseases are well known to be more prevalent in obese individuals than non - obese individuals ( 1 ) . more specifically , increased visceral adipose tissue , the fat that surrounds the internal organs ( e.g. , heart , intestines ) in the cavities of the body , predicts an unfavorable cardi...	visceral adipose tissue predicts an unfavorable cardiovascular and metabolic risk profile in humans . existing methods to assess visceral adipose tissue have been limited . thus , echocardiographic assessment of epicardial adipose tissue as a marker of visceral adiposity was suggested . the technique has been sho...
major postoperative complications in intracranial lesions have greatly reduced with the introduction of modern neurosurgical devices and microsurgical techniques . however , cerebrospinal fluid ( csf ) leakage after craniotomy occurs not infrequently and has continued to be the significant cause of minor postoperativ...	objectivepostoperative subgaleal cerebrospinal fluid ( csf ) collection is considered as one of the common minor surgical complication which can lead to prolonged hospitalization . we introduce " galeal tack - up suture " to prevent postoperative subgaleal csf collection.methodsgaleal tack - up suture consists of var...
penile prosthesis implantation is performed in cases in which administration of phosphodiesterase-5 ( pde-5 ) inhibitor and intracavernous vasoactive drug injection have failed . the surgery is accepted as a predominant method in the treatment of erectile dysfunction ( ed ) . in the domestic literature about penile p...	purposewe investigated erectile and ejaculatory function after penile prosthesis implantation.materials and methodsa total of 121 patients were enrolled in the surgery group ( sg ) and 120 patients in the nonsurgery group ( nsg ) . all subjects were evaluated by use of the following questionnaires : the erection func...
hydrogen gas has been extensively used in chemical field such as fuel processing , fertilizer production ( 3h2 + n2 2nh3 ) and so on . it is a colourless , odourless , non - metallic , tasteless , highly flammable diatomic gas which was considered as a physiological inert gas . found that inhalation of a mixture (...	allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation ( hsct ) has been widely used for the treatment of haematological malignant and non - malignant haematologic diseases . however , acute graft - versus - host disease ( agvhd ) is a kind of severe complication of hsct limiting its application . cytokines such as tumo...
recent world issues associated with fuel consumption and supply have turned attention towards biofuel production , especially cellulosic biofuel . perennial grasses provide an optimal source of cellulosic biomass due to their high yield potential . prairie cordgrass ( spartina pectinata bosc ex link ) is a perennia...	prairie cordgrass ( spartina pectinata bosc ex link ) is an indigenous , perennial grass of north america that is being developed into a cellulosic biomass crop suitable for biofuel production . limited research has been performed into the breeding of prairie cordgrass ; this research details an initial investigation...
what study is this and what is being shown ? what are the typical symptoms and causes?what is the best radiological study to confirm the diagnosis ? what study is this and what is being shown ? what are the typical symptoms and causes ? what is the best radiological study to confirm the diagnosis ? this is a colo...	key clinical messagecolovesical fistulae typically present with pneumaturia and/or fecaluria . diverticulitis , inflammatory bowel disease , and malignancies of the colon are the commonest causes . the fistulous tract and adjacent organs are best demonstrated by contrast - enhanced ct scan with rectal contrast or m...
pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta ( paa ) is a rare clinical entity , which may occur after thoracic trauma or following cardiac surgery . these aneurysms are reported to produce symptoms due to mass effect or fistulous communications with the cardiac chambers . we report two cases of postcardiac surgery paa , pres...	pseudoaneurysm of ascending aorta ( paa ) is a rare complication occurring after cardiac surgery . because of rarity of the condition , most standard teaching and anesthetic literature do not highlight on these postoperative aortic complications . right heart dysfunction associated with paa is scarcely reported . ...
the timing of umbilical cord clamping , which separates the newborn from the placenta , has been the subject of much debate for decades ( mercer et al . , 2001 ) . immediate umbilical cord clamping ( icc ) remains the most commonly employed method and is performed in the third stage of labor , during the period exten...	there is currently no consensus among clinicians and scientists over the appropriate or optimal timing for umbilical cord clamping . however , many clinical studies have suggested that delayed cord clamping is associated with various neonatal benefits including increased blood volume , reduced need for blood transfus...
a correct working length ( wl ) is one of the critical factors for the success of endodontic treatment . short measurements may leave parts of the root canal uninstrumented . on the other hand , over instrumentation with enlargement of the apical constriction may result in damage to periradicular tissues . conseque...	aims : the aim of this clinical study was to evaluate the clinical accuracy of two electronic apex locators ( eals).materials and methods : a total of 120 patients with 283 roots were randomized into three groups including , traditional radiographic method , eal ( root zx mini ) , and apex locating endodontic motor ( v...
in modern cellular systems , rnas frequently associate with proteins to form ribonucleoprotein ( rnp ) complexes [ 15 ] . in these rnp complexes , biological functions ascribed to the main component ( rna or protein ) are regulated by the accessory component ( protein or rna ) . during molecular evolution , both ma...	multicomponent rna - peptide complexes are attractive from the viewpoint of artificial design of functional biomacromolecular systems . we have developed self - folding and self - assembling rnas that serve as templates to assist chemical ligation between two reactive peptides with rna - binding capabilities . the ...
intellectual disability ( i d ) , previously referred to as mental retardation , is most often associated with other medical and psychiatric conditions such as cerebral palsy , epilepsy , down syndrome , fragile x syndrome , attention deficit hyperactivity disorder ( adhd ) , autism , and other emotional and behavioral...	background . the coexistence of psychiatric disorders in people with intellectual disability ( i d ) is common . this study determined the prevalence of psychiatric disorders in children with i d in barwani , india . method . a total of 262 children with i d were evaluated for psychiatric disorders using the di...
brain tumors occur rarely in pregnant women but are nevertheless the third commonest cause of cancer death in women aged 15 to 39 years.1 treatment of brain tumors during pregnancy is a difficult task which presents a major dilemma how to save the life of the mother and that of the growing fetus ? specialists may be...	we present a case of fourth ventricle anaplastic ependymoma in a pregnancy which was the first result of three rounds of in vitro fertilization ( ivf ) and embryo transfer . whether hormonal treatment can directly or indirectly precipitate brain tumors to develop or become symptomatic is unclear .
as a part of ten conditions ten morbidity measure study,13 this cross - sectional study invited 100 consecutive patients ( both male and female at a minimum age of 18 years ) diagnosed with ra , confirmed by a rheumatologist based on the american rheumatism association criteria.14 the patients were recruited between ju...	background : the present study sought to 1 ) investigate the degrees of correlations between different disease activity scores ( dass ) and health - related quality of life ( hrqol ) , and 2 ) determine if dass correlate with either physical or mental hrqol.methods:eighty patients with rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) were ...
the use of technetium-99 m ethylenedicysteine ( tc99m - ec ) as renal tracer agent had evolved on the observation that brain perfusion agent ethylenedicysteine dimer rapidly cleared through kidneys after being metabolized to ethylenedicysteine . since then , numerous studies have shown it to be a better renal agent tha...	we present a case of 3-year - old boy who was incidentally diagnosed to have single left kidney on ultrasonography . dynamic technetium-99 m ethylenedicysteine renal scintigraphy was acquired for assessing the existing kidney function showed the tracer localization in bilateral renal fossae during the entire study . ...
impaction of foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract is a serious pathologic condition in ent practice and is particularly common in children , prisoners , and psychiatric patients . the potentially fatal complications include mediastinitis , tracheoesophageal fistula , and retropharyngeal abscess , which can...	impaction of foreign bodies in the upper aerodigestive tract is commonly encountered in ent practice . the present paper describes an iatrogenic complication with migration of an impacted foreign body ( chicken bone ) of the hypopharynx into the prevertebral space , after unsuccessful attempt of endoscopic removal . ...
the society s demand for energy and how it is currently satisfied interweaves strongly with anthropogenic co2 emissions and hence to the changing climate . it is evident that , to maintain present living standards , the energy sector needs to be altered drastically . new environmentally friendly ways of...	the family of m - mof-74 , with m = co , cr , cu , fe , mg , mn , ni , ti , v , and zn , provides opportunities for numerous energy related gas separation applications . the pore structure of m - mof-74 exhibits a high internal surface area and an exceptionally large adsorption capacity . the chemical envir...
pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma ( pdac ) is the fourth most common cause of cancer - related mortality in the western world . only 5%-20% of patients are candidates for curative pancreatectomy and most cases of pdac are diagnosed at advanced stages , leading to dismal prognosis . numerous chemotherapy drugs have b...	purposethis study focused on implementation of a prognostic scoring index based on clinico - laboratory parameters measured routinely on admission in metastatic pancreatic cancer patients.materials and methodsrecords from 403 patients of metastatic disease were analyzed retrospectively . continuous variables were dic...
obesity is becoming a major health issue in patients with copd , as it is in the general population . several studies have reported an increased proportion of patients with copd who are either overweight or obese.14 considering the well - established link between obesity and hypertension , type 2 diabetes , cancer an...	backgroundobesity is increasingly associated with copd , but little is known about the prevalence of ectopic fat accumulation in copd and whether this can possibly be associated with poor clinical outcomes and comorbidities . the evaluation of copd longitudinally to identify predictive surrogate endpoints ( eclipse )...
colorectal cancer ( crc ) is one of health problems in the world ( 1 ) . it was the third most common cancer with nearly 1.4 million new cases in 2012 . about 54 percent of colorectal cancer cases occurred in more developed countries ( 2 ) . people with a first - degree relative ( fdr ) ( parent , sibling , or of...	backgroundapproximately 15% to 25% of colorectal cancer ( crc ) cases have positive family history for disease . colonoscopy screening test is the best way for prevention and early diagnosis . studies have found that first degree relatives ( fdrs ) with low socioeconomic status are less likely to participate in col...
influenza a and b cause highly contagious , acute respiratory illness , associated with high morbidity and mortality among persons with underlying diseases . the causes of death in the more severe forms of influenza are ( a ) severe pneumonia with respiratory distress , ( b ) neurological complications , and ( c ) se...	objective . to describe the characteristics and interventions to control a large epidemiological influenza a outbreak . methods . during the months of february to april 2006 , a large outbreak of influenza a was detected , which affected health care workers and hospitalized patients in a large teaching hospital in guat...
a full - term baby girl of 3.5 kg was born with massive right proptosis [ fig . 1 ] . she was otherwise well and the delivery was unremarkable . on examination , there was complete right globe prolapse associated with restrictive ophthalmoparesis . the globe was surrounded by a nonpulsatile , cystic mass which tran...	we present a case of mature congenital orbital teratoma managed with lid - sparing exenteration and dermis fat graft . this is a case report on the management of congenital orbital teratoma . a full - term baby was born in fiji with prolapsed right globe which was surrounded by a nonpulsatile , cystic mass . clin...
neuroendocrine ( ne ) cells are derived embryologically from the gut and are widely distributed in various tissues , such as the tracheobronchial tree , liver , pancreas and genitourinary system . in humans , ne tumors ( so - called carcinoids ) have been found in a...	in this report , we describe a case of neuroendocrine carcinoma of undetermined origin in a dog . necropsy revealed scattered small neoplastic nodules in the bilateral lungs and a small nodule in the parapancreatic lymph node . histopathologically , both pulmonary and lym...
the ebb and flow of lipid precursors through competing biosynthetic pathways largely controls the generation of secretory vesicles emanating from the golgi ( fig . 1 ) . the structural changes in the golgi bilayer that initiate membrane curvature for vesicle budding are dictated in part by the dynamic balance betwee...	the protein cargo transported by specific types of vesicles largely defines the different secretory trafficking pathways operating within cells . however , mole per mole the most abundant cargo contained within transport vesicles is not protein , but lipid . taking a lipid - centric point - of - view , we examine...
miriam and sheldon g. adelson medical research foundation , the us - israel binational science foundation , and the melanoma research alliance , as well as members of the fisher lab , for useful discussions .	while few people would deny the appeal of a day in the sun there are some who seem to take it too far . in recent years the concept of tanning addiction has become popular and several studies have supported the notion of viewing exposure to uv radiation as a form of substance abuse . in this article we will re...
over the past decades , the incidence of obesity in the population has increased severely , and it has become a public health challenge . its etiology is multifactorial , encompassing environmental , dietary , physical inactivity , and genetic factors . obesity is a complex disease associated with a high - calorie di...	functional foods containing bioactive compounds of whey may play an important role in prevention and treatment of obesity . the aim of this study was to investigate the prospects of the biotechnological process of coacervation of whey proteins ( cwp ) in chitosan and test its antiobesogenic potential . methods . cw...
hydroxychloroquine is a commonly used immunosuppressive agent in the treatment of various autoimmune diseases . despite lesser systemic toxicity compared to other drugs dosage > 5.0 mg / kg dramatically increases both population risk and annual incremental risk , and extreme doses can be exceedingly dangerous . ot...	purpose . to evaluate the effect of hydroxychloroquine on retinal pigment epithelium- ( rpe- ) bruch 's membrane complex , photoreceptor outer segment , and macular ganglion cell - inner plexiform layer ( gcipl ) thicknesses using spectral - domain optical coherence tomography ( sd - oct ) . methods . in this prospec...
atmospheric aerosols play an important role in the climate system by scattering and absorbing solar radiation and by affecting cloud properties and lifetimes through their ability to act as cloud condensation nuclei [ stocker et al . , 2013 ] . aerosols also deteriorate air quality causing decreased visibility and ...	abstractsecondary organic aerosols ( soa ) forms a major fraction of organic aerosols in the atmosphere . knowledge of soa properties that affect their dynamics in the atmosphere is needed for improving climate models . by combining experimental and modeling techniques , we investigated the factors controlling soa ev...
we performed an extensive search for unknown viruses in 55 german vespertilionid bats based on both generic pcr assays and virus isolation techniques , as part of a broader study investigating histopathologic changes in german bats in association with infectious pathogens . dead or moribund bats of 12 species ( barba...	we tested 55 deceased vespertilionid bats of 12 species from southern germany for virus infections . a new adenovirus was isolated from tissue samples of 2 pipistrellus pipistrellus bats , which represents the only chiropteran virus isolate found in europe besides lyssavirus ( rabies virus ) . evidence was found fo...
window of opportunity ( also called phase 0 ) trials can provide insight into biological effects and potential therapeutic efficacy of novel therapeutic strategies [ 14 ] . one example of window of opportunity trial is for women with newly diagnosed breast cancer to receive a study drug between the diagnostic breast ...	background . the waiting period to surgery represents a valuable window of opportunity to evaluate novel therapeutic strategies . interventional studies performed during this period require significant multidisciplinary collaboration to overcome logistical hurdles . we undertook a one - year prospective window ...
although o6-methylguanine ( o6meg ) is a minor component of methylated dna lesions produced by various endogenous ( e.g. , s - adenosylmethionine ) and exogenous ( e.g. , n - methyl - n - nitrosourea ) alkylating agents , it is a highly mutagenic lesion . the genotoxic o6meg lesion is also generated by anticanc...	human dna polymerase ( pol ) inserts , albeit slowly , t opposite the carcinogenic lesion o6-methylguanine ( o6meg ) 30-fold more frequently than c. to gain insight into this promutagenic process , we solved four ternary structures of pol with an incoming dctp or dttp analogue base - paired with o6meg in the...
	behavioral transitions characterize development . young infant rats paradoxically prefer odors paired with shock but older pups learn aversions . this transition is amygdala- and corticosterone - dependent . microarray and microdialysis studies here showed downregulated dopaminergic presynaptic function in the amyg...
a 41-year - old man presented with terminal gross hematuria that was noted one month earlier . his past medical history was unremarkable except that he had suffered with prostatitis . the serum markers for prostate cancer , prostate - specific antigen ( psa ) and prostatic acid phosphatase ( pap ) were normal . tra...	primary adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicles is a rare neoplasm . congenital seminal vesicle cysts are commonly associated with unilateral renal agenesis or dysgenesis . to the best of our knowledge , mucinous adenocarcinoma of the seminal vesicle cyst that 's associated with an ectopic ureter opening into the se...
characterizing the dynamics of rare events is vital to the understanding of large - scale structural changes that occur in many complex systems in nature and technology . rare events typically involve many cooperative parts that act together in a complicated way along a transition from one long - lived stat...	we investigate the solvent effects leading to dissociation of sodium chloride in water . thermodynamic analysis reveals dissociation to be driven energetically and opposed entropically , with the loss in entropy due to an increasing number of solvent molecules entering the highly coordinated ionic solvation...
the immune and endocrine systems interact directly to maintain the homeostasis of the organism in face of aggressions such as stress , infectious diseases , or inflammatory processes . in this context , chronic stress may represent a potential risk factor for the development of autoimmune and inflammatory disorders s...	the adrenal glands are able to modulate immune responses through neuroimmunoendocrine interactions and cortisol secretion that could suppress exacerbated inflammation such as in inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) . therefore , here we evaluated the role of these glands in experimental colitis induced by 3% dextran su...
kidney enlargement resulting from the expansion of cysts in patients with adpkd is continuous and quantifiable and is associated with a reduction in renal function . a baseline total kidney volume above 1500 ml is associated with an increase in total kidney volume of 6.76 3.78% per year and a decrease in the glomeru...	this is the first report of a case of a reduction in kidney volume and preservation of renal function in a patient with autosomal - dominant polycystic kidney disease ( adpkd ) receiving rapamycin . a 42-year - old man with adpkd and a severe persistent bleeding from his solitary left kidney was successfully treated ...
that the hippocampus plays a critical role in memory has been clear since the documenting of severe amnesia following temporal lobe resection in patient h.m . , an extraordinary amount of research has been directed at characterizing the functional role the hippocampus plays in memory , leading various authors to emph...	since the discovery of the importance of the hippocampus for normal memory , considerable research has endeavored to characterize the precise role played by the hippocampus . previously we have offered the relational memory theory , which posits that the hippocampus forms representations of arbitrary or accidentally ...
endophthalmitis is an uncommon but sight - threatening intraocular inflammation that may be due to a noninfectious process or may be caused by an infectious organism . it is a term used to describe intraocular inflammation that involves the vitreous cavity and the anterior chamber of the eye and can involve other adj...	chronic postoperative endophthalmitis ( cpe ) is a delayed infectious intraocular inflammation process that occurs more than six weeks after ocular surgery and frequently masquerades as autoimmune uveitis . these cases are at risk of delayed diagnosis and erroneous long - term treatment with corticosteroids . this ...
this prospective observational study was conducted by the department of pediatric community ophthalmology of a tertiary teaching pediatric eye centre of urban india . two masked investigators ( a pediatrician and a pediatric ophthalmologist ) performed ebt in a semi - darkened room of a municipal school . both eyes...	aim : the aim of this study was to compare the results of enhanced brckner test ( ebt ) performed by a pediatrician and an experienced pediatric ophthalmologist.subjects and methods : in this prospective double - masked cohort study , a pediatrician and a pediatric ophthalmologist performed the ebt in a classroom of a ...
breast cancer , a global health concern , is the most common cancer worldwide , and ranks as the fifth leading cause of cancer - related death . approximately 232 670 new cases and 40 000 death are expected to occur in 2014 among women in the united states . the incidence rates in more developed countries and less ...	backgroundthe role of matrix metalloproteinase 9 ( mmp-9 ) polymorphisms in breast cancer risk remains unclear . the purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between mmp-9 variants and breast cancer susceptibility.material/methodscase-control studies were searched on electronic databases to retrieve rela...
xanthomonas citri subsp . citri ( xcc ) is a gram - negative plant pathogenic bacteria that causes severe disease in many economically important citrus plants . the citrus canker induced by xcc is a destructive disease characterized by canker lesions on leaves , stems , and fruits ; furthermore the pathogen induces d...	the type iv secretion system ( t4ss ) is used by gram - negative bacteria to translocate protein and dna substrates across the cell envelope and into target cells . xanthomonas citri subsp . citri contains two copies of the t4ss , one in the chromosome and the other is plasmid - encoded . to understand the condit...
the selection of a probiotic strain requires the evaluation of a number of characteristics which enable the strain to cause beneficial effects after its administration . probiotics are administered orally and need to survive through the complex physical chemical environment of the gi tract . since probiotic bacter...	probiotic bacteria are generally available for consumers as concentrated preparations or incorporated in milk - based foods . due to an increased interest of the market for probiotic foods as well as to meet a demand of industry for innovation , a new kind of probiotic food has been developed using table olives as a ca...
caffeic acid phenethyl ester ( cape ) has been used all over the world , especially in asian and other geographical areas as a traditional medicine since ancient times . it is an active phenolic component of propolis ( figure 1 ) of honeybee hives and possesses a plethora of important biological activities . cape i...	caffeic acid phenethyl ester ( cape ) is found in a variety of plants and well - known the active ingredient of the honeybee propolis . cape showed anti - inflammatory , anticarcinogenic , antimitogenic , antiviral , and immunomodulatory properties in several studies . the beneficial effects of cape on different he...
in developed countries , postmenopausal osteoporosis is currently a serious problem that will only escalate in the future . multiple prognoses and aging populations indicate that there will be a significant increase ( more than 100% ) in typical osteoporotic fractures , such as proximal femur fractures , over the nex...	background . 8-prenylnaringenin ( 8-pn ) is the phytoestrogen with the highest affinity for estrogen receptor- ( er- ) , which is required to maintain bmd . the osteoprotective properties of 8-pn have been demonstrated previously in tibiae . we used a rat osteopenia model to perform the first investigation of 8-pn ...
carcinoid tumors are rare neuroendocrine tumors arising from enterochromaffin cells typically located in the lungs or gastrointestinal tract . the tumors release serotonin and other vasoactive substances which are classically associated with carcinoid syndrome , characterized by episodic vasomotor flushing , secretor...	a 66-year - old woman was diagnosed with hepatic metastasized carcinoid tumor of the ileocecal junction resulting in elevated plasma chromogranin a levels and urinary 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid ( 5-hiaa ) levels . further examination showed right - sided heart failure with severe tricuspid valve regurgitation . car...
however , it is an insertion element for muscles , ligaments , and fasciae attached to the mandible , clavicle , sternum , cranium , and cervical vertebrae . the hyoid bone is an important part of the musculoskeletal apparatus of the craniofacial complex and factors affecting this system might have not only local but...	objectiveto assess the position and movements of the hyoid bone during deglutition in patients with open bite.methodsthirty-six subjects were divided into 2 groups according to the presence of anterior open bite . the open bite group ( obg ) and control group each comprised 18 patients with a mean overbite of -4.9 1...
the sebaceous glands cover the whole body surface except the palms of hands and the soles of feet . they are believed to contribute to the antibacterial properties of the skin , the hydration of the skin surface and the cutaneous vitamin e and other antioxidant compound synthesis , and to produce part of the lipids...	backgroundsebaceous glands contribute significantly to the barrier functions of the skin . however , little is known about their homeostasis and tumorigenesis . recently , increased expression of stem cell marker lrig1 has been reported in sebaceous carcinoma - like tumors of k14nlef1 transgenic mice . in this stud...
la organizacin mundial de la salud enumera el dolor de cabeza como una de las diferentes condiciones tratadas con ecacia por la acupuntura . este nico caso informa de una mujer de 32 aos que presentaba unos antecedentes de migraa de 10 aos . trataron a la paciente con acupuntura , modicaciones dietticas y enemas de...	background : acupuncture is an often sought - out treatment modality for migraine . the world health organization lists headache as one of the several conditions treated effectively by acupuncture.case description : this single case reports on a 32-year - old woman who presented with a 10-year history of migraine.met...
silicone elastomers are used in maxillofacial restorations due to their ease of fabrication and realistic appearance.we added the highlighted parts in the addresses . they have properties that are important for human maxillofacial prosthetics such as elasticity , esthetics , heat , and chemical stability [ 13 ] . w...	this study evaluates two mechanical properties , tensile strength and tear strength , of maxillofacial materials reinforced with functional polyhedral silsesquioxane ( poss ) nanoparticles at 0.0 , 0.5 , 1.0 , 2.0 , and 5.0% ( mass / mass ) loading . adding poss was found to significantly affect the overall tensile str...
we conducted a retrospective , open - label , multicenter study that included 41 patients with aosd . all patients had previously received standard synthetic immunosuppressive drugs and in some case other biologic agents . aosd was diagnosed at the rheumatology units of 19 spanish referral centers according to yama...	abstractadult - onset still 's disease ( aosd ) is often refractory to standard therapy . anakinra ( ank ) , an interleukin-1 receptor antagonist , has demonstrated efficacy in single cases and small series of aosd . we assessed the efficacy of ank in a series of aosd patients.multicenter retrospective open - label...
mesenchymal stem cells ( mscs ) transplantation has been proven to be an efficient method to treat a large spectrum of diseases . it is noteworthy that both autologous and allogeneic mscs have not induced host immunoreactivity upon local transplantation or systemic administrations . therefore , mscs are an ideal ca...	mesenchymal stem cells ( mscs ) hold a great promise for application in several therapies due to their unique biological characteristics . in order to harness their full potential in cell - or gene - based therapies it might be advantageous to enhance some of their features through gene delivery strategies . accord...
microencapsulation is one of the most important forms of controlled release of substances that is widely used in several fields of the industry , particularly the food industry ( 1 ) . the encapsulated microbial cells have been used in wide range of fields for optimum activity benefiting the suitable conditions for g...	background and objectives : probiotic yeasts are used in production of functional foods and pharmaceutical products . they play an important role in promoting and maintaining human health . until now , little work has been published on improving the survival of saccharomyces in stimulated gastrointestinal condition...
urothelial carcinoma of the bladder is the sixth most frequent malignant disease in industrial countries and the second common cancer of the urogenital system in korea . approximately 70% of all patients with newly diagnosed urothelial cancer have nonmuscle - invasive bladder cancer . initial treatment of such tu...	purposethe aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of hexaminolevulinate fluorescence cystoscopy in the diagnosis of bladder cancer.materials and methodsin a prospective design , we included patients who had a bladder lesion suggesting bladder cancer . patients with massive hematuria , urethral fole...
deep brain stimulation ( dbs ) is commonly accepted as a safe and effective treatment for many neurological diseases including movement disorders , refractory epilepsies , psychiatric diseases and pain disorders.14 dbs of the anterior nucleus of thalamus ( ant ) was recently reported as beneficial for patients with int...	the long - term ( 5-years ) antiepileptic effect of deep brain stimulation ( dbs ) of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus ( ant ) against refractory epilepsy has been reported . however , experience with ant dbs for epilepsy is limited , and so hardware complications and technical problems related to ant dbs are uncle...
the dna damage response network ensures the fidelity of dna replication and controls the repair of damage arising during cellular replication or from exogenous agents such as genotoxic drugs . checkpoint kinase 1 ( chk1 ) is a serine / threonine kinase occupying a central position in this complex network of...	pyrazolopyridine inhibitors with low micromolar potency for chk1 and good selectivity against chk2 were previously identified by fragment - based screening . the optimization of the pyrazolopyridines to a series of potent and chk1-selective isoquinolines demonstrates how fragment - growing and scaffold morp...
all mice were handled in accordance with nih guidelines and protocols approved by harvard medical school . syt7 ko mice ( jackson laboratory ) and wt littermates of either sex were used . aav2/9-hsyn - hchr2(h134r)-eyfp and its paav backbone ( addgene 26973 ) were obtained from the university of pennsylvania vector...	it has been known for over 70 years that synaptic strength is dynamically regulated in a use - dependent manner1 . at synapses with a low initial release probability , closely spaced presynaptic action potentials can result in facilitation , a short - term form of enhancement where each subsequent action potential evok...
up to 8% of children and adolescents have experienced fatigue for a duration of more than 1 month , and nearly 2% have experienced chronic fatigue lasting more than 6 months ( miike and bell , 2008 ) . because fatigue in students corresponds to a decrease in academic performance ( garralda and rangel , 2002 ) , clari...	the ability to divide one 's attention deteriorates in patients with childhood chronic fatigue syndrome ( ccfs ) . we conducted a study using a dual verbal task to assess allocation of attentional resources to two simultaneous activities ( picking out vowels and reading for story comprehension ) and functional magnet...
in addition to being a well - documented dyslipidemic factor by itself , abdominal obesity is known to influence the effect of lipid - related gene variants . apolipoprotein ( apo ) e is one of the most widely studied genes in relation to the lipid - lipoprotein metabolism . apoe is a protein known for its key role...	background . apolipoprotein ( apo ) e plays a key role in the handling of lipoprotein particles with apoe2 and apoe4 frequently having opposite effects compared to apoe3 . some individuals simultaneously carry both e2 and e4 alleles . the impact of the apoe2/4 genotype on lipid concentrations and its consequences o...
fentanyl is a strong opioid agent , which is ~100 times more potent than morphine.1 it is commercially available as a patch or transdermal therapeutic system ( tts ) that delivers drug to the skin surface and provides constant drug delivery to the general circulation for several days . fentanyl tts represents a corne...	contextrenewal of fentanyl transdermal patch ( transdermal therapeutic system [ tts ] ) should occur every 3 days ( 72 hours ) according to manufacturer s guidelines . some studies mentioned patients reporting end - of - dose failure , and thus , some authors recommend shortening the interval of application to 2 days...
vestibular evoked myogenic potentials ( vemps ) are mediated by the sacculocolic reflex arc , which initiates from the saccular macula and furthermore includes the inferior vestibular nerve , the lateral vestibular nucleus ( deiter 's nucleus ) , the vestibulospinal tract and the motor neurons of the contracted ipsilat...	objectivesfor a reliable interpretation of left - right difference in vestibular evoked myogenic potential ( vemp ) , the amount of sternocleidomastoid muscle ( scm ) contraction has to be considered . therefore , we can ensure that a difference in amplitude between the right and left vemps on a patient is due to ves...
in 36 bc marcus terentius varro , roman scholar , solider and prolific writer published his work entitled on agriculture wherein he counselled against locating homesteads next to swap land because ( in stagnant water ) there are bred certain minute creatures that can not be seen by the eyes , which float in the air...	as the father of antispesis , the legacy of joseph baron lister is assured and his influence on the development of contemporary surgical practice is recognised in the context of his achievement of predictable , infection - free surgery . however , looking beyond lister 's finest achievement and examining this work in t...
trwa poszukiwanie materiau , ktry bdzie cechowa si optymalnymi waciwociami chirurgicznymi , ograniczy krwawienia rdoperacyjne oraz powstawanie ponownych zwe , zwapnie i pseudottniakw w okresie odlegym . wstpna ocena wykorzystania aty osierdziowej cardiocel u pacjentw pediatrycznych poddanych korekcji wrodzonej wady s...	introductionanimal pericardial patches are widely used in adult and pediatric cardiac surgery . a search is ongoing for a new material with optimal surgical properties that will reduce intraoperative bleeding and the occurrence of restenosis , calcification , and pseudoaneurysms in long - term observation . one pro...
due to both scientific and technological interest , the metal / semiconductor ( m / s ) interfaces have attracted much attention in order to further advance semiconductor devices and technologies . the current success of the micro- and nano - electronics is made possible by the improvements in the controlled growth o...	the adsorption of a single ag atom on both clear si(111)-7 7 and 19 hydrogen terminated si(111)-7 7 ( hereafter referred as 19h - si(111)-7 7 ) surfaces has been investigated using first - principles calculations . the results indicated that the pre - adsorbed h on si surface altered the surface electronic propert...
onchocerciasis , or river blindness , has plagued over 37 million people worldwide , occurring mostly in the sub - saharan africa , yemen , and isolated areas of central and south america . the culprit for the infection is the filarial nematode onchocerca volvulus , which is transmitted to humans through bite...	the l3-stage - specific chitinase ovcht1 has been implicated in the development of onchocerca volvulus , the causative agent of onchocerciasis . closantel , a known anthelmintic drug , was previously discovered as a potent and specific ovcht1 inhibitor . as closantel is also a known protonophore , we perf...
its effect on the global population carries important economic , healthcare system , and human suffering consequences . influenza virus type a is highly contagious and is the most pathogenic of all human influenza viruses . human antibodies recognize two antigens ( glycoprotein ) expressed on the viral surface call...	background . during the 2009 spring epidemic outbreak in mexico , an important research and policy question faced was related to the differences in clinical profile and population characteristics of those affected by the new h1n1 virus compared with the seasonal virus . methods and findings . data from clinical f...
it is caused by mutation in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator ( cftr ) gene , which encodes a transmembrane glycoprotein [ 2 , 3 ] . the cf transmembrane conductance regulator has been shown to function as a cyclic adenosine monophosphate- ( camp- ) regulated chloride channel at the apical membr...	objectives . to study bone mineral density ( bmd ) in cystic fibrosis ( cf ) children and adults with the cftr i1234v mutation associated with pancreatic sufficiency . methods . lumbar spine , total hip , and whole - body mineral density were measured by dual - energy radiographic absorptiometry ( dexa ) scan . z s...
adolescence is a transitional period of life in which lifestyle including food habits are formed . adolescents tend to gain more money and to have more freedom to choose and buy their own foods and snacks . they also spend more time with their friends and imitate their behaviors , either healthy or unhealthy and ne...	background : the aim of this study was to evaluate patterns of students snacks habits regarding to their schools cafeteria status in tehran by focus group discussion ( fgd ) technique.methods:participants were 240 students ( 12 - 15 years old ) , selected from12 middle - schools in tehran . the field study consisted ...
out - of - hospital cardiac arrest ( ohca ) is usually an unexpected and tragic event . bystanders often find it upsetting to witness an active person collapsing and becoming lifeless , especially young bystanders . cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) can save lives , and has been practiced since about 200 b.c . ...	objective : important studies of cardiopulmonary resuscitation ( cpr ) techniques influence the development of new guidelines . we systematically reviewed the efficacy of some important studies of cpr.data sources : the data analyzed in this review are mainly from articles included in pubmed and embase , published from...
a total of 12 mouse lemurs of both sexes ( center for breeding and experimental conditioning of animal models , university montpellier 2 , montpellier , france ) were maintained in animal biosafety level 3 facilities , according to requirements of the french ethics committee ( authorization ce - lr-0810 ) . young and...	we report transmission of atypical l - type bovine spongiform encephalopathy to mouse lemurs after oral or intracerebral inoculation with infected bovine brain tissue . after neurologic symptoms appeared , transmissibility of the disease by both inoculation routes was confirmed by detection of disease - associated pr...
the incidence of these disorders in pregnancy is likely to rise with the rising prevalence of obesity . hypertensive disorder is the leading cause of maternal mortality in india , accounting for more than 8% of maternal deaths . the identification and effective management of this entity play a significant role in b...	objectives : the study aims to evaluate the management , maternal - fetal outcomes , and prescription behavior among inpatients with severe preeclampsia and eclampsia.materials and methods : this prospective cohort study in a tertiary referral center was conducted in 164 inpatient pregnant women who fulfilled the inclu...
the inter - lead variation of qt interval provides an index of the heterogeneity of ventricular refractoriness . the most commonly used index to calculate qt dispersion has been the difference between the longest and shortest qt intervals on the twelve - lead electrocardiography ( ecg ) , which is often adjusted for ...	backgroundmyocardial ischemia is one of several causes of prolonged qt dispersion . the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect that percutaneous coronary intervention has on the depolarization and repolarization parameters of surface electrocardiography in patients with chronic stable angina.methodswe assessed ...

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