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the proper physical therapy frequency is increasingly important in the determination of
government financial and insurance benefits .
the physical therapist is responsible for
demonstrating the value and effect of services , and the therapy schedule should be planned
carefully1 .
although appropriate
treatm... | [ purpose ] this study attempted to investigate the effect of physical therapy frequency
based on neurodevelopmental therapy on gross motor function in children with cerebral
palsy . [ subjects and methods ] the study sample included 161 children with cerebral palsy
who attended a convalescent or rehabilitation c... |
ever since the first description of espinas on purkinje cells by cajal more than 100 years ago [ 1 , 2 ] , these tiny , femtolitre - sized , structures have been found on dendrites of a wide variety of neuronal cell types and the role of these minute structures in neuronal function has been the subject of considerable ... | the majority of fast excitatory synaptic transmission in the central nervous system takes place at protrusions along dendrites called spines .
dendritic spines are highly heterogeneous , both morphologically and functionally .
not surprisingly , there has been much speculation and debate on the relationship between... |
advances in proteomic technology have allowed researchers to more deeply probe an organism s proteome resulting in a wealth of information .
these methodologies have in part led to a shift from a global approach of assessing gene expression to one that is targeted and aims to identify and characterize proteins involv... | rna binding proteins ( rbps ) play an important role not only in nuclear gene expression , but also in cytosolic events , including rna transport , localization , translation , and stability .
although over 200 rbps are predicted from the arabidopsis genome alone , relatively little is known about these proteins in p... |
dowling - degos disease ( ddd ) was first described by dowling and freudenthal in 1938 , then by degos and ossipowski in 1954 .
it is characterized by a reticulate pigmentation of the flexures with prominent comedone like lesions and pitted scars .
the disease runs in families and has an autosomal - dominant mode o... | a 44 year old female patient presented with multiple , painful , relapsing , nodules , plaques with sinuses discharging pus and scars in apocrine gland bearing region since past 17 years .
these lesions were clinically and histopathologically suggestive of hidradenitis suppurativa .
our patient was not aware about ... |
mantle cell lymphoma ( mcl ) is a rare subtype of non - hodgkin b - cell lymphoma .
autoimmune haemolytic anaemia ( aiha ) is a relatively uncommon disorder with an estimated incidence in adults of 0.83 per 10/year , a prevalence of 17 : 100,000 and a mortality rate of 11% .
recent reviews have focused on mcl treat... | autoimmune haemolytic anaemia ( aiha ) in mantle cell lymphoma ( mcl ) is a rare but life - threatening complication . to date , there are no relevant data for treatment of aiha in mcl .
ibrutinib , which has been approved for relapse / refractory mcl , is an immunomodulatory drug inhibiting th2 activation and conseq... |
cortical neurons receive thousands of excitatory and inhibitory synaptic inputs , both long - range and from local circuits .
balancing between the resultant excitatory and inhibitory currents is therefore crucial to keep the neurons at a functional dynamic range , namely near their firing threshold , allowing them t... | summarymodels of cortical dynamics often assume a homogeneous connectivity structure .
however , we show that heterogeneous input connectivity can prevent the dynamic balance between excitation and inhibition , a hallmark of cortical dynamics , and yield unrealistically sparse and temporally regular firing . anatomic... |
stereotactic body radiation therapy ( sbrt ) uses highly conformal techniques to deliver ablative radiation doses in few fractions to the tumor while limiting the doses received by the surrounding organs at risk ( oars ) .
the computed tomographic reconstruction correlated with respiratory motion ( 4d ct ) allows the... | the aim of this study was to evaluate differences in dose distributions in stereotactic body radiation therapy treatment plans for lung tumors calculated with pencil beam convolution ( pbc ) algorithm with modified batho power law ( mbpl ) versus heterogeneity corrected anisotropic analytical algorithm ( aaa ) of the v... |
inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) is a multifactorial disorder for which a complete etiology is not yet known , but which occurs in response to the convergence of genetic predisposition towards disease development , intestinal microbiota , external environmental factors , and host immunobiological responses .
human ... | inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) is a multifactorial disorder with many different putative influences mediating disease onset , severity , progression and diminution .
spontaneous natural ibd is classically expressed as crohn 's disease ( cd ) and ulcerative colitis ( uc ) commonly found in primates ; lymphoplasmoc... |
lysine acetylation
has long been recognized as an important protein
post - translation modification ( ptm ) that regulates a diverse array
of cellular functions .
acetylation of histone lysines ,
in particular , has been intensely investigated because of its key
function regulating chromatin architecture an... | the bromodomain protein module , which
binds to acetylated lysine ,
is emerging as an important epigenetic therapeutic target .
we report
the structure - guided optimization of 3,5-dimethylisoxazole derivatives
to develop potent inhibitors of the bet ( bromodomain and extra terminal
domain ) bromodomain fam... |
prostatic cancer ( pca ) is the most frequent neoplasia in men and second cause of cancer death in males .
the incidence of prostatic cancer has increased over 50% and death from the disease by 40% .
the trus- guided systematic prostate biopsy is the gold standard for diagnosis of prostate cancer .
although , a t... | objective : to estimate the incidence of hyperechoic , hypoechoic , isoechoic , prostatic cancer in trus ( transrectal ultrasound guided ) guided prostatic specimens.materials and methods : four hundred and ninety three patients with raised serum prostatic specific antigen ( psa ) and abnormal dre findings were subject... |
there is a broad spectrum in the differential diagnosis of serous retinal detachment ( srd ) , particularly when it is bilateral and a history of ocular trauma is lacking .
serous retinal detachment is common in chronic central serous chorioretinopathy ( cscr ) , posterior scleritis , rhegmatogenous retinal detachmen... | a 27-year - old man with a complaint of headache , tinnitus , and visual obscuration presented to a neurologist .
neurologic evaluations , including mri and ct scan , were within normal limit .
the prescribed medicines were propranolol , sumatriptin , valproate sodium , and dexamethasone .
ophthalmic examination ... |
uterine lipoleiomyoma is a rare benign tumor with an estimated incidence of 0.03% to 0.2% .
a 48 year - old , gravida 1 para 1 , had a slowly - growing cervical mass .
on ultrasound , the mass was around 5 cm in diameter and had fibroid tissue consistency with components of fat consistency ( figure 1 ( fig .
the ... | uterine lipoleiomyomas are rare benign tumors that mostly affect the uterine corpus .
we are reporting the imaging and operative procedure of a very rare case of a large lipoleiomyoma of the uterine cervix combined with an occult adult ovarian granulosa cell tumor .
the patient was treated with minimal invasive sur... |
achalasia is a greek word that means does not relax and is the most recognized motor disorder of the esophagus . diagnosis of achalasia is made by clinical features plus radiographic , endoscopic and manometric findings . to date , several studies have reviewed demographic and clinical features of achalasia patients ... | background
achalasia is the most recognized motor disorder of the esophagus . because it is an uncommon disease ,
most studies have reviewed small numbers of patients . here , we report demographic , clinical features and treatment outcomes in 700 achalasia patients .
methods
in all patients , diagnosis was ... |
vertical transmission of human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) is still a major challenge in the world , especially in the developing countries ( usaid ) .
it is estimated that 90% of hiv infections in children result from mother - to - child - transmission ( who ( switzerland ) ) . in the absence of any intervention ... | background . we determined the incidence of hiv seroconversion during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and ad hoc potential cofactors associated with hiv seroconversion after having an hiv - negative result antenatally .
we also studied knowledge of pmtct among pregnant women in seven health facilities in... |
today , success in the field of competitive swimming requires that swimmers and coaches have an understanding of fluid dynamics .
this is highly challenging as the subject area is extremely complex , addressing multidisciplinary problems with a broad spectrum of research approaches ( wei , mark , & hutchison , 2014 )... | abstractthis paper reviews unsteady flow conditions in human swimming and identifies the limitations and future potential of the current methods of analysing unsteady flow .
the capability of computational fluid dynamics ( cfd ) has been extended from approaches assuming steady - state conditions to consideration of ... |
until 2012 , the morbidity of diabetes in the world had reached 6.4% , which seriously affected our normal life and 80%90% of the diabetes was type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) .
furthermore , diabetes with sustained elevated blood glucose would destroy multiple organs ; it may cause diabetic foot , diabetic nephr... | background . liraglutide ( a glucagon - like peptide 1 analog ) was used for the treatment of type 2 diabetes ( t2 dm ) which could produce glucose - dependent insulin secretion .
aim .
the aim was to investigate whether liraglutide could improve myofibril and mitochondria injury in skeletal muscle and the mechanis... |
chronic suppurative otitis media ( csom ) is still the most common ear disease in developing countries .
antibiotics in the treatment of otitis media have significantly decreased the incidence of complications ; however , the rate of complication of squamous - type csom is still significant in southeast asia.1 a comm... | introduction suppurative otitis media is still the most common ear disease in developing countries .
otogenic complications of this disease have decreased considerably because of the advent of antibiotics , and few rare complications have been encountered .
objective to report a case of a patient with scapular ab... |
a stroke is a neurological disease caused by a disturbance in blood supply to the
brain1 .
it has also been
reported stroke patients exhibit a significant decrease in trunk performance as compared
with matched healthy individuals4 .
although trunk performance is considered to be less affected than those of th... | [ purpose ] the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of bilateral upper
extremity exercises on trunk performance in patients with stroke . [ subjects and methods ]
twenty in - patients with chronic stroke of at least 6 month s duration participated in this
study .
patients in the experimental and con... |
to form a lbl in nanochannels
of dimensions on the order of 100 nm , we first deposited lipid vesicles
in the microchannels , allowed them to rupture , and then let the formed
lbl spontaneously spread into the nanostructures ( figure 1a ) .
we thus formed a uniform lbl in the nanochannels without
introducing ... | stretching dna in nanochannels is a useful tool for direct ,
visual
studies of genomic dna at the single molecule level . to facilitate
the study of the interaction of linear dna with proteins in nanochannels ,
we have implemented a highly effective passivation scheme based on
lipid bilayers .
we demonstrat... |
the world health organization in 2002 reported estimates that depression affects about 154 million people while schizophrenia affects about 25 million globally .
mental disorder is sometimes believed to be incurable which can cause delay or prevention for help seeking and can be damaging .
the prevalence of mental ... | background : early recognition of mental health problems gives an individual the opportunity for better long - term outcomes if intervention is initiated early . mental health literacy is a related concept which is increasingly seen as an important measure of the awareness and knowledge of mental health disorders.aim a... |
consecutive patients were recruited from the outpatient clinic of the department of ophthalmology of ludwig maximilian university .
patients were included if they had diabetes ( based on world health organization criteria ) for at least 3 years .
eyes were excluded if there were eye diseases involving the posterior... | objectiveto compare the diagnostic properties of a nonmydriatic 200 ultra - widefield scanning laser ophthalmoscope ( slo ) versus mydriatic early treatment of diabetic retinopathy study ( etdrs ) 7-field photography for diabetic retinopathy ( dr ) screening.research design and methodsa consecutive series of 212 eyes o... |
research over the past three decades has shown that the mammalian immune system can be altered by the occupational exposure of asbestos .
early clinical studies generally focused on systemic observations of immune alteration such as the number and function of peripheral lymphocytes and monocytes .
more recently as ... | |
a 53-yr old woman ( body weight : 63 kg , height : 162 cm ) was scheduled for living donor liver transplantation due to acuteon - chronic liver failure .
two days ago , she was intubated due to rapidly developing grade 3 - 4 hepatic encephalopathy . in the preoperative evaluation ,
her laboratory examination showed... | intracranial pressure ( icp ) monitoring is an important issue for liver transplant recipients , since increased icp is associated with advanced hepatic encephalopathy or graft reperfusion during liver transplantation .
invasive monitoring of icp is known as a gold standard method , but it can provoke bleeding and in... |
circulating cadmium - thionein ( cd - mt ) is cleared from the mammalian circulatory system by filtration through the kidney glomerulus with subsequent reabsorption by kidney proximal tubules .
damage to the tubules results following uptake of cd - mt , which is dependent upon time and the dose level of cadmium admin... | |
we are living within a cycling environment in which changes occur on a daily basis with a period length of 24 h and others that alternate with a periodicity ranging from several months ( seasonal ) , to annual cycles .
importantly , not only are our surroundings rhythmic , but humans , as well as the simplest of orga... | the neuroendocrine substance melatonin is a hormone synthesized rhythmically by the pineal gland under the influence of the circadian system and alternating light / dark cycles .
melatonin has been shown to have broad applications , and consequently becoming a molecule of great controversy .
undoubtedly , however ,... |
malignancies of the clavicle are rare , making up just 0.451.01% of all bone tumours [ 1 , 2 ] .
total claviculectomy is a rare , poorly described surgical technique , and to our knowledge there have been no large - scale trials on the outcome of those who have undergone this procedure .
radical ablative surgery is... | we report the case of a 45-year - old woman who presented with a lump in the mid - third of the left clavicle , which had recently increased in size to 10 cm in diameter . plain x - ray , computed tomography and bone scans suggested that the lump was a parosteal osteosarcoma . due to the expected 30% functional loss fr... |
various studies have shown the risk factors for elbow and shoulder injuries among young
baseball players1 , 2 .
the incidence of elbow and shoulder pain increases with increasing
age , increasing weight , decreasing height , weight lifting , pitching with arm fatigue , and
increasing number of pitches thrown pe... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between lower
extremity tightness and lower extremity balance , measured by the star excursion balance
test ( sebt ) , in junior high school baseball players .
[ subjects ] thirty - three male students
belonging to baseball clubs in 2 junior ... |
a previous paper in this series summarised the steps that one is strongly encouraged to follow in order to ensure proper nomenclature of any gene .
three examples were given to illustrate how and why one should strive for a standardised gene nomenclature system .
in these examples , the focus of the paper was on ... | why is agreement on one particular name for each gene important ? as one genome after another becomes sequenced , it is imperative to consider the complexity of genes , genetic architecture , gene expression , gene - gene and gene - product interactions and evolutionary relatedness across species . to agree on a partic... |
the pathogenic mechanism of osteoarthritis ( oa ) is suggested as wearing and destruction of cartilage tissue due to ageing .
however , it is described as an active and dynamic process with destruction and repair triggered by biochemical and mechanical factors , nowadays.1 the treatment of oa requires a combination o... | background : osteoarthritis ( oa ) is the most frequent chronic joint disease causing pain and disability .
recent reports have shown that statin may have the potential to inhibit osteoarthritis .
this study of early stage oa developed in an experimental rabbit model , aimed to evaluate the chondroprotective effect... |
relativistic binaries containing white dwarfs ( wds ) , neutron stars ( nss ) , and black holes ( bhs ) in compact orbits are over - represented in globular clusters compared with their population in the galactic field .
observations of this population reveal a host of exotic objects such as ultracompact cataclysmic ... | the galactic population of globular clusters are old , dense star systems , with a typical cluster containing 104107 stars . as an old population of stars ,
globular clusters contain many collapsed and degenerate objects . as a dense population of stars , globular clusters are the scene of many interesting close dyna... |
in the past 15 years , six new drugs have been approved by the us food and drug administration ( fda ) as disease - modifying therapies ( dmts ) for multiple sclerosis ( ms ) .
all of these agents are either infusions or self - administered injections , and many patients report symptoms of pain , anxiety or injection... | several promising , oral disease - modifying therapies for multiple sclerosis are currently being evaluated in clinical trials .
the arrival of effective oral agents for multiple sclerosis will be a major advance in the global effort to alter the natural history of this chronic disease . |
cardiovascular diseases ( cvd ) are the major cause of mortality in subjects with type 2 diabetes ( t2d ) .
previous clinical studies have shown that impairment of lipid metabolism significantly increases the risk of cvd events .
statins , 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl - coenzyme a ( hmg - coa ) reductase inhibitor , ... | backgroundthe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different statins on glucose uptake and to confirm its mechanism in primary cultured rat cardiomyocytes after administration of atorvastatin , pravastatin , and rosuvastatin.material/methodsprimary cultured rat cardiomyocytes were randomly assigned to 5 ... |
nod ( taconic farms , germantown , ny ) , balb / c , and akr mice ( the jackson laboratory , bar harbor , me ) were bred under specific pathogen - free conditions .
newborn mice were treated intraperitoneally on days 1 and 3 with 200 g of the indicated antigen in 50% ifa ( gibco brl , gaithersburg , md ) .
... | the nature ( th1 versus th2 ) and dynamics of the autoimmune response during the development of insulin - dependent diabetes mellitus ( iddm ) and after immunotherapy are unclear . here
, we show in nonobese diabetic ( nod ) mice that the autoreactive t cell response starts and spreads as a pure th1 type autoimmu... |
spinal cord stimulation ( scs ) provides significant relief for lumbosacral radiculopathy refractory to both medical and surgical treatment . clinical series report between 50% to 70% successful pain relief in patients treated with scs based on reduction in pain severity scores , improvement in function , and
decreas... | introductionspinal cord stimulation ( scs ) provides significant relief for lumbosacral radiculopathy refractory to both medical and surgical treatment , but historically only offers limited relief for axial low back pain ( lbp ) .
we aim to evaluate the response of chronic axial lbp treated with scs using a surgical... |
the primary goal of this policy statement is to educate patients , physicians , medical providers , reviewers , adjustors , case managers , insurers , and all others involved or affected by insurance coverage decisions regarding lumbar disc replacement surgery .
this policy statement was developed by a panel of physi... | purposethe primary goal of this policy statement is to educate patients , physicians , medical providers , reviewers , adjustors , case managers , insurers , and all others involved or affected by insurance coverage decisions regarding lumbar disc replacement surgery.proceduresthis policy statement was developed by a p... |
tea is the second most popular beverage after water which represents a major source of dietary polyphenols .
thus the scientific community is interested in exploring the health - promoting constituents present in tea , namely , flavan-3-ols , flavonols , and their derivatives .
recent epidemiological studies have d... | flavonol glycosides in tea leaves have been quantified as aglycones , quercetin , myricetin , and kaempferol .
occurrence of the said compounds was reported in fruits and vegetable for a long time in association with the antioxidant potential .
however , data on flavonols in tea were scanty and , hence , this study... |
secundum atrial septal defect ( asd ) is one of the most common forms of congenital heart disease ( chd ) in adults . with advancing years , patients become symptomatic and may develop pulmonary arterial hypertension ( pah ) .
surgical and transcatheter closures of asd are widely accepted treatments . in patients wit... | secundum atrial septal defect ( asd ) is the most common form of congenital heart disease in adults .
surgical and transcatheter closures of asd are widely accepted therapeutic approaches . in patients with severe pulmonary arterial hypertension ( pah ) , however , the closure of the defect is still controversial .
... |
written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of this case report and accompanying images .
a copy of the written consent is available for review by the editor - in - chief of this journal on request .
| highlightsa case of acute bowel obstruction caused by the use of barbed suture in laparoscopic myomectomy.bowel complications associated with barbed suture were seldom reported despite it is increasingly used in surgery today.some recommendations arising from this case may help to avoid or reduce this complication.a hi... |
according to world health organization ( who ) data , there were 9 million new cases of tuberculosis ( tb ) globally in 2007 , and china had the world s second - largest tuberculosis epidemic , with 1.3 million new cases in the same year , accounting for 14% of the overall global incidence .
central nervous system ( ... | backgroundthe aim of this study was to determine whether the diagnosis of intracranial tuberculosis ( tb ) can be improved when multi - slice computed tomography ( msct ) scans are taken with a 5-min delay after contrast media application.material / methodspre- and post - contrast ct scans of the head were obtained fro... |
sequencing ) , release and marketing of clinical sequencing tests , and development of tools to facilitate the interpretation of genetic results , signal the emergence of sequencing as a clinical tool . with the shift from bench to bedside
underway , the necessity of developing an approach for the return of clinical ... | purposeto explore the implications of sequencing information and stated preferences for return of results among research participants.methodssix focus groups were held with 39 clinseq participants .
groups included participants who had received results , those who had not , those affected with cardiovascular disease ... |
nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide ( nad ) is critical for energy homeostasis and mediates a variety of biological activities including inflammation , circadian rhythm , extension lifespan , and cancer [ 15 ] .
depletion of nad in myeloma cancer cells increased cell death via autophagy [ 6 , 7 ] . the salvage pathway ... | nampt / visfatin acts in both intracellular and extracellular compartments to regulate multiple biological roles , including nad metabolism , cancer , inflammation , and senescence . however , its function in chronic inflammation and carcinogenesis in hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) has not been well - defined . here ... |
chronic subdural hematoma ( csdh ) is defined as a condition consisting of a slowly progressive accumulation of liquefied blood within the subdural space9 ) .
this accumulation of blood in the subdural space may produce brain parenchymal compression , and at that time , patients have neurological symptoms such as hea... | objectivechronic subdural hematoma ( csdh ) is common condition in neurosurgical field .
it is difficult to select the treatment modality between the surgical method and the conservative method when patients have no or mild symptoms .
the purpose of this study is to provide a suggestion that the patients could be c... |
endocrine disrupting chemicals ( edcs ) are a structurally diverse group of compounds that may adversely affect the health of humans , wildlife and fisheries , or their progenies , by interaction with the endocrine system .
it has been suggested that edcs pose a potential risk and can alter the hormone balance in hum... | one,1-dichloro-2,2 bis(p - chlorophenyl ) ethylene ( p , p-dde ) , the major metabolite of 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane ( ddt ) , is a known persistent organic pollutant and male reproductive toxicant .
it has antiandrogenic effect .
however , the mechanism by which p , p-dde exposure causes male r... |
mice were housed in facilities approved by the association for assessment and accreditation of laboratory animal care at the university of north carolina ( unc ) animal facility and handled according to the unc office of animal care and use .
the original breeding pairs of nod.cg-prkdc il2rg tg(hla - a2.1)enge / sz a... | objectivetype 1 diabetes is an autoimmune disease characterized by the destruction of insulin - producing -cells .
nod mice provide a useful tool for understanding disease pathogenesis and progression .
although much has been learned from studies with nod mice , increased understanding of human type 1 diabetes can ... |
osteoporosis remains underrecognized and undertreated , more so in men than in women , adding considerably to fracture burden and costs .
though men suffer fewer fractures than women , fracture - related morbidity and mortality are higher in men than in women , partly due to greater frailty .
age - related changes ... | testosterone deficiency leads to bone loss and testosterone treatment has a beneficial effect .
this study investigated the effects of normalizing serum testosterone on bone mineral density in 45 men with osteoporosis , diagnosed with testosterone deficiency ( serum testosterone levels < 12.1 nmol / l , t - scores :... |
vitamin d status , measured by 25-hydroxyvitamin d ( 25(oh)d ) , was long been viewed as a hormone acting chiefly to regulate calcium - phosphate metabolism and bone mineralization . over the last decade , however , basic science and clinical researchers have produced a bewildering amount of information on the extra - ... | backgroundour study is aimed to 1 ) clarify the vitamin d status in uygur and kazak ethnic populations and 2 ) elucidate the relationship between 14 snps ( in 5 vitamin d - related genes ) and vitamin d deficiency in these 2 ethnic populations.material/methodsa multistage - cluster sampling survey was carried out for r... |
the silicon nanorod arrays were fabricated
from a single crystalline si wafer by adapting a previously described
dry etching method .
the 380 m
thick , 100 cut and p - doped wafers exhibit a resistivity
of 110 cm .
they were cleaned by sonication , first
in acetone then in isopropyl alcohol ( ipa ) , eac... | optical control of nanoscale objects
has recently developed into
a thriving field of research with far - reaching promises for precision
measurements , fundamental quantum physics and studies on single - particle
thermodynamics . here
, we demonstrate the optical manipulation of silicon
nanorods in high vac... |
the use of all - ceramic restorations has become more popular in clinical dentistry due to the universal necessity to use a biocompatible and high esthetic prosthetic material.[15 ] however , the most dental ceramics are brittle and susceptible to breakage . as an alternative for these restorations ,
the zirconia - b... | introduction : the effect of framework design modifications in all - ceramic systems is not fully understood .
the aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effect of different framework designs on fracture resistance of zirconium oxide posterior fixed partial dentures ( fpd).materials and methods : thirty two po... |
periodontal disease is accompanied by inflammation of the gingiva and destruction of periodontal tissues , leading to alveolar bone loss in severe clinical cases .
prostaglandin e2 ( pge2 ) , interleukin-6 ( il-6 ) , and il-8 are known to play important roles in inflammatory responses and tissue degradation .
pge2 ... | we previously demonstrated that a kampo medicine , kakkonto , decreases lipopolysaccharide- ( lps- ) induced prostaglandin e2 ( pge2 ) production by human gingival fibroblasts . in this study , we examined the herbs constituting kakkonto that exhibit this effect .
shokyo strongly and concentration dependently and kan... |
azathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of a variety of conditions , including inflammatory bowel diseases , connective tissue diseases , pemphigus , atopic dermatitis and neurological diseases .
azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse reaction occurring a few days to weeks a... | backgroundazathioprine is an immunosuppressive agent used in the treatment of immune - mediated diseases .
azathioprine hypersensitivity syndrome is a rare adverse reaction occurring a few days to weeks after the administration of azathioprine.case 1a 36-year - old male with ulcerative colitis presented with erythema... |
children has been the target of oral health promotion policies for a long time in brazil , and this is due to several prevalence studies that were carried out during the 1980 's and 1990 's , showing that children are the part of population most susceptible to dental caries and also the most benefited from prevention p... | objective : to evaluate the role of socioeconomic variables and self - perceived oral health in the polarization of caries among adolescents in santa brbara d'oeste , brazil.material and methods : cross - sectional study . sampling was randomized and sample size was defined according to who criteria .
two hundred and... |
a 61-year - old man presented with a swelling on the palmar aspect of the right thumb , at the level of the interphalangeal joint .
the patient had noticed the emergence of a soft swelling after sustaining a benign trauma 3 months earlier .
the patient experienced pain on movement . on clinical exam , the mass was ... | we report hereby the case of a 61-year - old man who presented with a soft - tissue swelling on the palmar aspect of the thumb . a detailed clinical examination followed by ultrasonography and
excisional biopsy confirmed a spindle cell lipoma .
lipomas are rare in the hand and exceptional in the fingers , and we re... |
lions ( panthera leo ) formerly ranged throughout africa , the middle east , and southwestern asia [ 14 ] . in recent prehistory up to 2500 bc
, lions persisted in europe as far north as bulgaria , hungary , ukraine , italy , and spain with some still sighted in greece into early historic times before their eventual ... | the lions of north africa were unique in ecological terms as well as from a human cultural perspective and were the definitive lions of roman and medieval europe . labelled
barbary lions , they were once numerous in north africa but were exterminated by the mid-20th century . despite subsequent degeneration of the a... |
idiopathic ( primary or essential ) hypertension accounts for approximately 85% of the cases of hypertension , whereas in rest of 15% of cases , the cause of hypertension is secondary with known conditions that result in blood pressure elevation ( secondary hypertension ) .
endocrine hypertension accounts for approxi... | while different generations of assays have played important role in elucidating causes of different endocrine disorders , radiological techniques are instrumental in localizing the pathology .
this statement can not be truer in any disease entity other than endocrine hypertension .
this review makes an effort to hi... |
common madder ( rubiae tinctorum l. ) is a plant commonly found in southern and southeastern europe , in the mediterranean area , and in central asia .
the herb contains many polyphenol derivatives such as flavonoids and anthraquinones [ 13 ] . several years ago
its medicinal usefulness was discovered and the root ... | the effective dissolution of calcium oxalate , the main component of kidney stones , is important in the treatment of nephrolithisis .
polyphenol glycosides constitute compounds supporting dissolution and inhibition of formation of stones .
these moieties possess oxygen atoms which can interact with calcium cations... |
hashimoto 's encephalitis or encephalopathy ( he ) is a rare autoimmune disease often under diagnosed . it can present as rapidly progressive dementia ( rpd ) or dementia of unknown origin which is treatable with high dose steroids .
we present a case of he to signify the importance of its early recognition and manag... | hashimoto 's encephalopathy ( he ) is a poorly understood and often misdiagnosed rare autoimmune disease with varied neurological and psychiatric features .
the low prevalence and varied clinical features coupled with unclear pathogenesis and histopathologic characteristics have caused still doubts in any particular ... |
the clinical manifestations of graves orbitopathy ( go ) can be variable and patients may require surgery for cosmetic problems , severe proptosis or optic neuropathy .
several surgical techniques have been adopted , including the removal of retro - orbital fat ( olivari 1991 ) , one or more orbital walls ( walsh and... | objectivesan analysis of complications and causes of failure in orbital decompression necessitating a second operation.methodsbetween december 1992 and april 2007 , 375 patients ( 719 orbits ) were operated on using various techniques .
fourteen patients were initially operated on in our unit : 8 ( group a1 ) were re... |
a 38-year - old man presented to his primary care physician with complaints of dry cough , left - sided pleuritic chest pain and left - sided back pain of 2 weeks duration .
he was found by chest radiography to have an infiltrate in the left lower lobe and treated for community - acquired pneumonia with moxifloxacin ... | myxofibrosarcoma is a soft tissue neoplasm composed of malignant fibroblasts with a myxoid matrix .
it is commonly found in patients during their 6th through 8th decades of life with a slight male predominance .
myxofibrosarcomas are classified as low- to high - grade tumors that are differentiated by hypercellular... |
hereditary multiple exostoses ( hme ) also referred to as multiple osteochondromas ( mo ) are one of the most common benign bone tumors with an estimated prevalence rate of 1 per 50,000 in european population ( hennekam 1991 ; schmale et al .
the disorder is usually inherited in autosomal dominant manner , however de... | hereditary multiple exostoses ( hme ) also known as multiple osteochondromas represent one of the most frequent bone tumor disorder in humans .
its clinical presentation is characterized by the presence of multiple benign cartilage - capped tumors located most commonly in the juxta - epiphyseal portions of long bones... |
laparoscopy represents the gold standard for the diagnosis and treatment of a nonpalpable intraabdominal testis ( npat ) , which makes up around 20% of cases of undescended testis . with the evolution of minimally invasive surgery ,
the operative approach toward orchidopexy for npat has shifted from a traditional ope... | purposewe review the literature and describe our technique for laparoendoscopic single - site orchidopexy using a glove port and rigid instruments .
we assessed the feasibility and outcomes of this procedure.materials and methodswe retrospectively reviewed the case records of all children who had undergone laparoendo... |
human pathogens can be transferred between hosts via zoonotic , food and environmental routes ( 1 ) .
person - to - person contact and transfer through common contact surfaces are further routes that can lead to widespread infectious outbreaks of pathogens such as norovirus and methicillin resistant staphylococcus au... | abstractbackgroundtransmission of human pathogens can be occurred via inert objects .
paper currency is a further common contact surface whereby pathogens can be transferred within a population although the significance remains unknown .
hence , the aim of the present study was to investigate microbial populations ... |
patients with chronic abdominal pain often consult many doctors and can undergo extensive testing that is ultimately unsuccessful in identifying the etiology of their pain.(1 ) chronic abdominal pain remains a continuing challenge and may be caused by the presence of intra - abdominal adhesions that lead to disturbance... | chronic abdominal pain remains a challenge to all known diagnostic and treatment methods with patients undergoing numerous diagnostic work - ups including surgery .
however , the surgical treatment of patients with chronic intractable abdominal pain is controversial .
there has been no discussion of the indications... |
coronary heart disease ( chd ) , including its severe sequelae , myocardial infarction ( mi ) , is the leading cause of disease - related morbidity and mortality worldwide , and accounts for approximately 7 million deaths each year .
chd is a multifactorial disease , with both environmental and genetic factors involv... | backgroundthis meta - analysis investigated the correlation of abca1 r219k and crp + 1059g / c gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to coronary heart disease ( chd).material / methodswe searched pubmed , springer link , wiley , ebsco , ovid , wanfang database , vip database , and china national knowledge infrastructu... |
pseudoaneurysms of the axillary artery are uncommon and usually encountered after penetrating or blunt trauma to the axilla ( 1 ) . in the latter case
there tends to be an associated bony injury to the shoulder , most often an anterior dislocation ( 2 ) , in which axillary artery damage has been reported at around 0.... | traumatic pseudoaneurysm of the axillary artery is a rare sequel of shoulder injury .
we report here a unique phenomenon of delayed presentation axillary pseudoaneurysm some time after an initial blunt injury , with no evidence of gross bony injury .
the gentleman presented again some weeks later after a failure of... |
breast cancer ( bc ) , the most frequent carcinoma diagnosed and cause of death among women , affects 1,676,660 women worldwide and causes 521,900 mortalities every year .
the latest statistics have revealed that the morbidity and mortality rates associated with bc accounts for 29% and 14% of cancers , respectively ,... | backgroundmir-101 - 3p can promote apoptosis and inhibit proliferation , invasion , and metastasis in breast cancer ( bc ) cells .
however , its mechanisms in bc are not fully understood .
therefore , a comprehensive analysis of the target genes , pathways , and networks of mir-101 - 3p in bc is necessary.material/... |
follicular lymphoma is a neoplasm of germinal center b cells and comprises about 20% of all lymphomas with the highest incidence in the united states and western europe .
it affects primarily adults , with a median age in the sixth decade and a male : female ratio of 1:1.7.1 follicular lymphoma is generally considere... | a frequent chromosomal translocation in mature b - cell non - hodgkin lymphoma affects band 3q27 and results in deregulation of the b - cell lymphoma 6 ( bcl6 ) gene .
two breakpoint clusters have been described thus far , the major breakpoint region ( mbr ) and an alternative breakpoint region ( abr ) that is locate... |
intimal sarcoma ( is ) is defined as a malignant tumor arising in the tunica intima of large blood vessels . in the systemic circulation , most of is derived from the aorta artery , accounting for only 1% of all sarcomas .
the primary neoplasm of the major blood vessels is divided into three categories based on their... | highlightsintimal sarcoma is an extremely rare group.intimal sarcoma of large veins even rarer information and case reports are limited.unique case in the medical literature and the best current evidence in the biological behavior and the response of the multiple options of treatment in this type of tumors . |
pseudoepitheliomatous keratotic and micaceous balanitis ( pkmb ) is a rare penile condition affecting the elderly uncircumscribed men .
it presents as a hyperkeratotic plaque over the glans penis , with an overlying thick micaceous scale .
the condition is generally asymptomatic but fissuring , maceration , and irr... | many premalignant and malignant lesions affect the genitalia of elderly men . these include conditions like erythroplasia of queyret , giant condyloma acuminata , verrucous carcinoma , invasive squamous cell carcinoma ( scc ) , which are relatively common .
we report a case of a 65-year - old male with pseudoepitheli... |
hepatitis c virus ( hcv )
is an enveloped positive - stranded rna virus
of the flaviviridae family .
the hcv replication cycle
is initiated by virions entering the host cell via interaction with
cell surface receptors .
following ph - dependent fusion and uncoating ,
the hcv rna genome is translated .
t... | recently ,
we reported that chlorcyclizine ( ccz , rac-2 ) , an over - the - counter
antihistamine piperazine drug , possesses in vitro and in vivo activity against hepatitis
c virus . here , we describe structure activity relationship
( sar ) efforts that resulted in the optimization of novel chlorcyclizine
... |
the prevention of pocket depth and its recurrence is the important goal of periodontal treatment .
the outcomes of periodontal treatment to eliminate periodontal pockets and/or perioplastic surgeries is beneficial ; however , it is most often associated with gingival recession which is known to influence the postsurg... | background : to evaluate the gingival margin position ( gmp ) before and after open flap debridement in different gingival thickness ( gt).materials and methods : twenty - seven healthy patients with moderate to advanced adult periodontitis were included in a randomized control clinical trial . a calibrated unc-15 peri... |
the national toxicology program 's pathology database on 2-year carcinogenicity studies was reviewed for nonneoplastic ovarian disease .
ovaries from 39,941 female fischer rats and 41,444 female b6c3f1 mice were examined . a variety of inflammatory , degenerative , vascular , and proliferative lesions were documented... | |
congenital hepatic fibrosis ( chf ) is a rare disorder of the portobiliary system characterized histologically by defective remodeling of the ductal plate , abnormal branching of the intrahepatic portal veins , and progressive fibrosis of the portal tracts.1 typically , chf is associated with autosomal recessive polycy... | a 1-year - old girl had pancreaticobiliary maljunction , a choledochal cyst , and polycystic kidney . at the age of 4 years , she was treated by resection of the choledochal cyst and roux - en - y reconstruction because of the cyst 's risk of cancer .
she was diagnosed as having congenital hepatic fibrosis based on t... |
the rising prevalence of obesity and cardiometabolic risk observed among youth has led to predictions of decreased life expectancy among the next generation of north americans , a first in history .
major , modifiable risk factor for coronary heart disease ( chd ) and diabetes .
classical clinical interventions pr... | background . while increasing evidence links environments to health behavior , clinicians lack information about patients ' physical activity levels and lifestyle environments .
we present mobile health tools to collect and use spatio - behavioural lifestyle data for personalized physical activity plans in clinical s... |
laparoscopic surgery in patients with fontan circulation is a haemodynamic challenge ; venous return may be compromised by insufflation of carbon dioxide into the abdomen ( increasing intra - abdominal pressure ) , the use of reverse trendelenburg position and positive pressure ventilation . combined with an increase i... | |
the vacuum sealing drainage ( vsd ) technique is a therapeutic concept to achieve secure and rapid wound healing in traumatic soft wound and chronic infections .
its use is widespread among the surgical specialties , many of which employ negative - pressure wound therapy to varying degrees as part of their armamentar... | abstractvacuum sealing is a therapeutic concept to achieve secure and rapid wound healing in traumatic soft tissue damage .
its application and effect in the treatment of severe buttocks and perianal infection are unclear.we describe a case of buttocks and perianal infection using the vacuum sealing drainage ( vsd ) ... |
prematurity is a particularly significant risk factor for survival of the neonate and is associated with increased perinatal mortality .
the prognosis of low birth weight ( lbw ) infants has been improved drastically with advances in perinatal medicine .
more than 80% of infants survive delivery at 24 weeks of gest... | aim . to clarify the effect of perinatal events on the survival of elbw infants in japan . methods .
1,713 elbw infants , from 92,630 live births in 2001 and 2002 , born at 2236 weeks of gestation were registered .
case was defined as death at discharge .
the relevant variables were compared between the cases ( n... |
porphyrins , corroles ,
phthalocyanines , and other polypyrrole derivatives
display rich photophysical and redox properties that distinguish these
platforms for applications that include solar light harvesting , electrogenerated chemiluminescence , and photocatalysis .
additionally , tetrapyrrole macrocycles , ... | a new
5,5-dimethylphlorin derivative ( 3h(phlcf3 ) ) was prepared and studied through a combination of
redox , photophysical , and computational experiments .
the phlorin macrocycle
is significantly distorted from planarity compared to more traditional
tetrapyrrole architectures and displays solvatochroism in... |
third molars have a high incidence of impaction and are associated with conditions such as pericoronitis , caries on the distal surface of the second molar , pain , external root resorption , and odontogenic cysts or tumors1 , which often necessitate their surgical removal .
the surgical removal of impacted mandibula... | objectivesto assess the validity of the vertical tube - shift method using intraoral periapical radiography ( iopar ) for determining the relationship between the mandibular third molar roots and the inferior alveolar nerve ( ian ) canal in comparison with cone - beam computed tomography ( cbct).materials and methodsfi... |
the use of video - laparoscopy has significantly contributed to urgent abdominal surgery , both as a diagnostic method in acute cases and as an alternative , and even preferred , procedure for treating certain diseases.1,2 for many years , the presence of peritonitis was considered to be a significant risk factor for l... | objective : to evaluate the effect of pneumoperitoneum , both alone and in combination with controlled ventilation , on peritoneal lymphatic bacterial clearance using a rat bacterial peritonitis model.method:a total of 69 male wistar rats were intraperitoneally inoculated with an escherichia coli solution ( 109 colony ... |
systemic capillary leak syndrome ( scls ) is a disorder characterized by unexplained episodic capillary hyperpermeability , which causes the shift of fluid and protein from the intravascular space to the interstitial space1 ) .
since no effective treatment has so far been found , this disease could lead to death if t... | systemic capillary leak syndrome ( scls ) is a condition that 's caused by the shift of fluid and protein from the intravascular space to the interstitial space as a result of repetitive episodes of capillary hyperpermeability .
the pathogenesis of scls is still unclear , but there 's recently been a report showing t... |
osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitectural deterioration of bone tissue .
osteoporotic bones have same size and appearance as the normal bone from the outside but have a thin layer of cortical bone and trabecular bone loss inside and are more fragile than normal ... | background : osteoporosis affects quality of life ( qol ) and may lead to depression in women .
the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of zoledronic acid ( za ) treatment on depression and qol in women with postmenopausal osteoporosis ( po).materials and methods : a total of 88 newly diagnosed women wi... |
a 74-year - old male patient receiving ventilatory support due to aspiration pneumonia was transferred to the or from the icu for an emergency operation of the sigmoid colon volvulus . in the icu ,
the preoperative vital signs were blood pressure ( bp ) of 120/70 mmhg , heart rate ( hr ) of 70 beats / min , and percu... | a 74-year - old male patient receiving ventilatory support due to aspiration pneumonia developed bilateral pneumothorax , pneumopericardium , pneumomediastinum , pneumo - retroperitoneum , and subcutaneous emphysema , after manual ventilation while being transferred from the intensive care unit ( icu ) to the operating... |
the visual cortex has been traditionally considered as a stimulus - driven , unimodal system with a hierarchical organization , in which the early visual areas ( v1 , v2 ) tune to general features while the higher - tier ones ( v3a , v4v , v7 , hmt+ , and v8 ) respond selectively to the specific features of a visual st... | the visual cortex has been traditionally considered as a stimulus - driven , unimodal system with a hierarchical organization .
however , recent animal and human studies have shown that the visual cortex responds to non - visual stimuli , especially in individuals with visual deprivation congenitally , indicating the... |
germ cell tumors are congenital tumors frequently seen in gonads , containing derivatives of all the 3 germinal layers .
the first omental dermoid cyst was described by lebert in 1734 . to date , only 29 cases of teratoma of the omentum have been published .
the present report describes such a case of primary oment... | teratoma is the most commonly encountered germ cell tumour among the most common ovarian tumours ; however , teratomas of the omentum and mesentery are extremely rare . they are usually asymptomatic or can produce compressive symptoms .
the imaging features are suggestive .
the present report describes such a case ... |
entomophthoromycosis ( subcutaneous zygomycosis ) is a sporadic subcutaneous infection that is largely restricted to tropical areas of africa , asia , and south america .
neither of these two forms occur preferentially in patients with underlying disease or defective immunity .
entomophthoromycosis is characterized... | entomophthoromycosis is a rare entity .
we hereby report a case of entomophthoromycosis in a three - year - old asian child who presented with a painless , nontender , rapidly increasing large swelling on the thigh of six months duration , which was initially misdiagnosed as a soft tissue tumor and resected .
the c... |
spinocerebellar degeneration or olivopontocerebellar degeneration denotes a group of disorders of varied etiologies manifesting as degenerative changes of various part of the central nervous system .
the cerebellum , cerebral cortex , inferior olives , basal ganglia , substantia nigra and the spinal cord are involved... | spinocerebellar degeneration or olivopontocerebellar degeneration denotes a group of disorders of various etiologies manifesting as degenerative changes of various part of the central nervous system .
we describe the anesthetic management of a patient with severe olivopontocerebellar degeneration posted for vaginal h... |
exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly . with the development of new techniques for repair ,
the quality of life of patients with exstrophy of the bladder has been markedly improved .
however , it is now well recognized that exstrophy of the bladder is associated with an increased risk of bladder can... | exstrophy of the bladder is a rare congenital anomaly with an incidence of about 1 per 50,000 newborns .
the malignant potential of the exstrophied bladder mucosa is well known ; 95% are adenocarcinomas , and 3% to 5% are squamous cell carcinomas .
most of the malignant tumors ( 60% ) associated with an exstrophy o... |
in the past , the cost and effort of developing
a new drug has largely
confined successes to large pharmaceutical companies or otherwise
well - funded research institutions . although
development and use of computer - aided drug design ( cadd ) techniques
has provided numerous benefits to the overall process ... | web - based
user interfaces to scientific applications are important
tools that allow researchers to utilize a broad range of software
packages with just an internet connection and a browser.1 one such interface , charmming ( charmm interface
and graphics ) , facilitates access to the powerful and widely used
... |
the ehlers - danlos syndrome type vi ( edsvi ) is an autosomal recessive connective tissue disease which is characterized by severe hypotonia at birth , progressive kyphoscoliosis , skin hyperelasticity and fragility , joint hypermobility and ( sub-)luxations , microcornea , rupture of arteries and the eye globe , and ... | backgroundthe ehlers - danlos syndrome type vi ( edsvi ) is an autosomal recessive connective tissue disease which is characterized by severe hypotonia at birth , progressive kyphoscoliosis , skin hyperelasticity and fragility , joint hypermobility and ( sub-)luxations , microcornea , rupture of arteries and the eye gl... |
the vis - oct system enables the quantification of both retinal so2 and retinal blood flow in vivo . using a supercontinuum laser as a light source ( center wavelength : 568.5 nm ; bandwidth : 107 nm ; superk nkt photonics , birkerd , denmark ) , we built a free - space spectral - domain ( sd)-oct ( fig .
1a ) with t... | purposeto investigate inner retinal oxygen metabolic rate ( irmro2 ) during early stages of type 1 diabetes in a transgenic mouse model.methodsin current study , we involved seven diabetic mice ( akita/+ , tsp1/ ) and seven control mice ( tsp1/ ) , and applied visible - light optical coherence tomography ( vis - oct ) ... |
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ( adem ) is an immune - mediated , acute severe , demyelinating disorder involving central nervous system ( cns ) white matter , characterized by diffuse neurologic signs and symptoms coupled with evidence of multifocal lesions of demyelination on neuroimaging .
adem is commonly s... | acquired human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv ) infection in a 10-year - old child , presenting with monoparesis , progressing to triplegia over 4 weeks is an extremely rare feature .
the child had left upper motor neurone facial palsy with left hemiplegia , paralyzed right lower limb , grade zero power , exaggerated d... |
pio del rio hortega , one of the greatest of all neuroscientists , established the basic foundation of neuroinflammation with his classic 1919 paper el tercer elemento de los centros nerviosis ( del rio hortega , 1919 ) .
he had developed an ammoniacal silver carbonate modification of the golgi technique . with thi... | the foundations of innate immunity in neurodegenerative disorders were first laid by del rio hortega ( 1919 ) .
he identified and named microglia , recognizing them as cells of mesodermal origin .
van furth in 1969 elaborated the monocyte phagocytic system with microglia as the brain representatives .
validation ... |
depression is very common in elderly people , with prevalence ranging from 1% to 16% in elderly living in private households or institutions .
there is increasing evidence showing that depression is associated with cognitive impairment and even with dementia in later life . in a study of 61 depressed subjects over ag... | backgroundloneliness and depression are very common in the aged population .
both have negative impacts on cognition in the elderly .
the present study aimed to investigate the effect of loneliness and depression on total as well as specific cognitive domains in cognitively normal male subjects.material/methodsa to... |
the clinical presentation differ according to the anatomical variant and there are a variety of types and several classification systems , .
y - type duplication is a special form of type iia2 urethral duplication , two urethras originating from the bladder neck .
it has two variants ; the usual form of y - type du... | urethral duplication is a rare congenital anomaly of the lower urinary system and has varied presentation . according to the effmann classification , type iia2-y urethral duplication is charcterized by the duplicated urethra originating from the bladder neck and opening into either the rectum or the perineum .
the ac... |
odontoma , complex type ( oc ) is a tumor - like malformation ( hamartoma ) in which enamel , dentin , and pulp , and sometimes cementum , is present in a disorganized form .
the etiology of odontoma is unknown but genetic factors and environmental causes such as trauma and infection have been proposed .
this devel... | odontomas are considered to be hamartomatous malformations rather than true neoplasms . this most common odontogenic lesion results from the growth of completely differentiated epithelial and mesenchymal cells that give rise to ameloblasts and odontoblasts .
dentigerous cyst is an epithelium - lined sac enclosing the... |
a 63-year - old man visited the emergency center of our hospital with epigastric pain and a fever .
the diagnosis was gallbladder adenomyomatosis and he was scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy ( lc ) . he had hypertension and atrial fibrillation . he had experienced unstable angina , which led to stent inserti... | this report presents the case of a 63-year - old man who had a myocardial infarction leading to coronary artery bypass graft 2 years earlier who subsequently underwent elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy . after an uneventful operation , the patient developed an acute postoperative myocardial infarction in the recove... |
atrichilemmal cyst also known as pilar cyst is a common cyst that forms from a hair follicle .
the cysts are smooth filled with keratin , a protein component found in hair , nails , and skin .
a 55-year - old female from south india of dravidian race presented with a history of gradually progressive , painless swel... | we report a rare case of trichilemmal cyst involving the bulbar conjunctiva . a 55-year - old female presented with a history of a painless , progressive swelling in the left bulbar conjunctiva adjacent to the nasal limbus of 3 years duration .
wide excision biopsy was performed .
histopathologic examination findin... |
hepatic encephalopathy ( he ) is a disturbance in the central nervous system ( cns ) function due to hepatic insufficiency or portal - systemic shunting . he causes a spectrum of neurologic manifestations that develop in association with different liver diseases . a common link is the potential reversibility of the neu... | hepatic encephalopathy is a frequent and serious complication of liver cirrhosis ; the pathophysiology of this complication is not fully understood although great efforts have been made during the last years .
there are few prospective studies on the epidemiology of this complication ; however , it is known that it c... |
there are two main types of cholinesterase with different biochemical properties : true or specific cholinesterase or acetylcholinesterase found in all excitable tissues ( central and peripheral nervous system and muscles ) and in erythrocytes .
it is a high - turnover enzyme with high affinity for acetylcholine , in... | backgroundbutyrylcholinesterase ( bche ) is an -glycoprotein synthesized in the liver .
its serum level decreases in many clinical conditions such as acute and chronic liver damage , inflammation , injury and infections , and malnutrition.methods and resultsthis review collects the main evidence on the emerging role ... |
recombinant adenoviruses encoding the wild - type ( wt ) and mutant arf6 , as well as the clathrin hub , were produced as described 1 .
levels of protein were regulated by the concentration of doxycycline ( dx ) , amount of virus , and length of time after removal of dx .
cells were incubated for 1618 h to express ... | we report that the small gtpase , adp - ribosylation factor 6 ( arf6 ) , is present only on the apical surface of polarized mdck epithelial cells .
overexpression of a mutant of arf6 , arf6q67l , which is predicted to be in the gtp - bound form , stimulates endocytosis exclusively at this surface .
surprisingly , o... |
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