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latin america and the caribbean have the second highest urbanization level in the world . for every 13 persons there are in the region , 10 of them
live in cities ( 78.3% in 2007 ) ; and 20 of the region 's largest cities are home to nearly 20% of its population .
jamaica is a predominantly afro - caribbean society... | background : a comprehensive review of the literature revealed that less information is available in literature on health status of women , and health status of women in 3 geographical zones in jamaica.aims:this study examined data on the health status of women in jamaica in order to provide some scientific explanation... |
the treatment of septic patients emphasizes the optimization of oxygen utilization by tissues through maintenance of an adequate oxygen supply , minimizing the cellular dysfunction progression .
blood cell transfusion is frequently used with the intention of augmenting arterial oxygen content and its utilization by t... | backgroundred blood cell ( rbc ) transfusion is commonly used to increase oxygen transport in patients with sepsis
. however it does not consistently increase oxygen uptake at either the whole - body level , as calculated by the fick method , or within individual organs , as assessed by gastric intra - mucosal ph.aim... |
since the initial development of inactivated influenza vaccines in the 1940s , vaccine manufacturers have continually sought to improve their products in response to three main drivers : increased safety and comfort of vaccinated individuals , improved manufacturing security and productivity , and greater vaccine effic... | abstract challenges facing seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccination include : increasing the immunogenicity of seasonal vaccines for the most vulnerable , increasing vaccination coverage against seasonal influenza , and developing vaccines against pandemic strains that are immunogenic with very low quantities of a... |
ubiquitin is an evolutionarily highly conserved small protein of 76 amino acids ( 8.6 kda ) .
ubiquitination is a post - translational protein modification , carried out by three classes of enzymes , namely the ubiquitin - activating- ( e1 ) , ubiquitin - conjugating- ( e2 ) , and ubiquitin - ligating - enzymes ( e3... | summaryubiquitination and deubiquitination are crucial for assembly and disassembly of signaling complexes .
lubac - generated linear ( m1 ) ubiquitin is important for signaling via various immune receptors .
we show here that the deubiquitinases cyld and a20 , but not otulin , are recruited to the tnfr1- and nod2-... |
lead - free materials are of interest as new candidates to interchange the widely used lead - based ceramics owing to their pollution free environmental friendly character throughout the preparation process . materials that can absorb microwaves will eliminate electromagnetic radiation pollution .
wide unfolding appl... | the structural and microwave studies of lead - free barium niobates ceramics prepared by the high temperatures solid state reaction technique are reported . the structural parameters such as the lattice constants , average crystallite size ( d ) , texture coefficients ( tc ) , dislocation density , and microstrain
ha... |
mechanical amplification is something we experience every day , in the form of gears , pulleys , and levers .
while climbing a hill on a bicycle , for instance , shifting gears increases the force on the wheels while limiting the pressure required on the pedals .
however , energy has to be conserved , and because m... | the actin cytoskeleton drives many essential processes in vivo , using molecular motors and actin assembly as force generators .
we discuss here the propagation of forces caused by actin polymerization , highlighting simple configurations where the force developed by the network can exceed the sum of the polymerizati... |
initiation of an multimodal , customer focused service network across the service sectors for multimorbid patients : for example the hard - of - hearing .
the lack in accessibility of services , flexibility of appointments and handicap - oriented communication skills often prevents the geriatric patient from partakin... | purposeinitiation of an multimodal , customer focused service network across the service sectors for multimorbid patients : for example the hard-of-hearing.contextthe lack in accessibility of services , flexibility of appointments and handicap - oriented communication skills often prevents the geriatric patient from pa... |
a 74-year - old female patient visited a pain clinic , complaining of pain in her back , and left chest wall .
six years earlier , the patient had a lateral fixation at t12 , l1 , and l2 , due to a compression fracture at l1 .
two years after this operation , the patient had osteoporotic compression fractures at t6... | the 12th rib syndrome is a disease that causes pain between the upper abdomen and the lower chest .
it is assumed that the impinging on the nerves between the ribs causes pain in the lower chest , upper abdomen , and flank .
a 74-year - old female patient visited a pain clinic complaining of pain in her back , and ... |
pregnancy , delivery and puerperium can be complicated by severe maternal morbidity necessitating intensive care unit ( icu ) admission .
management of the critically ill obstetric patient is very complex and requires cooperation of both obstetrician and intensivist / anaesthetist .
one facility - based study has b... | purposeas part of a larger nationwide enquiry into severe maternal morbidity , our aim was to assess the incidence and possible risk factors of obstetric intensive care unit ( icu ) admission in the netherlands.methodsin a 2-year nationwide prospective population - based cohort study , all icu admissions during pregnan... |
nine children and their mother were exposed to vapors of metallic mercury .
the source of the exposure appears to have been a 6-oz vial of mercury taken from a neighbor 's home .
the neighbor reportedly operated a business preparing mercury - filled amulets for practitioners of the afro - caribbean religion santeri... | |
ehrlich 's advice that treatment of infections should " hit hard and hit early , " formulated in the earliest days of antimicrobial chemotherapy , presciently summarized the principles of treatment for infections such as tuberculosis ( tb ) ( 9 ) .
these principles are embodied in modern protocols of directly observe... | the need to stem the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance has prompted multiple , sometimes conflicting , calls for changes in the use of antimicrobial agents .
one source of disagreement concerns the major mechanisms by which antibiotics select resistant strains . for infections like tuberculosis , in which r... |
at present a major difficulty in understanding drug action in the human brain is the ability to relate the multiple physical scales of investigation . how do the findings of molecular biology relate to cellular neurophysiology and in turn to neuroimaging and cognitive testing ?
it is often only via inference and synt... | a great explanatory gap lies between the molecular pharmacology of psychoactive agents and the neurophysiological changes they induce , as recorded by neuroimaging modalities .
causally relating the cellular actions of psychoactive compounds to their influence on population activity is experimentally challenging .
... |
in situ hybridization and immunostaining were performed to analyze expression of relevant gene transcripts and protein products , respectively .
targeted knockout mice were used to analyze the consequence of loss in embryo of tbx6 and/or sox2 enhancer n1 , and transgenic mice to monitor enhancer n1 activity or to ect... | the classical view of neural plate development held that it arises from the ectoderm , after its separation from the mesodermal and endodermal lineages .
however , recent cell lineage tracing experiments indicate that the caudal neural plate and paraxial mesoderm are generated from common bipotential axial stem cells... |
hellp syndrome represents a severe form of preeclampsia , presenting with hemolysis , elevated liver enzymes , and low platelet count .
visual symptoms can be present in up to 25% of patients with preeclampsia , usually in the form of decreased visual acuity .
retinal detachment is a rare , but the well - document ... | retinal detachment is a rare , but well - known cause of visual impairment in patients with hemolysis , elevated liver enzymes , and low platelet count ( hellp ) syndrome . with supportive care ,
patients usually improve , with complete recovery of vision .
bedside ultrasonography of the orbit can be helpful for ea... |
transition state theory
( tst ) describes the rates of chemical reactions
in terms of the free energy barrier for the process .
although the theory was developed mainly to describe reaction dynamics
in the gas phase , it has been applied to activated processes in condensed - phase
environments using one of th... | the rate expression of traditional
transition state theory ( tst )
assumes no recrossing of the transition state ( ts ) and thermal quasi - equilibrium
between the ground state and the ts .
currently , it is not well understood
to what extent these assumptions influence the nature of the activated
complex o... |
aldehyde dehydrogenases
( aldh ) comprise a superfamily of enzymes
that catalyze the nad(p)-dependent oxidation of aldehydes
to their corresponding carboxylic acids . enzymes in this superfamily exhibit diversity in their specificity
for substrates .
detrimental changes in their contributions to specific
me... | aldehyde
dehydrogenases ( aldh ) participate in multiple metabolic
pathways and have been indicated to play a role in several cancerous
disease states .
our laboratory is interested in developing novel and
selective aldh inhibitors .
we looked to further work recently published
by developing a class of is... |
our study enrolled 40 consecutive patients with a traumatic or foreign body removal - related corneal abrasion ( occurring within 24 hours of the beginning of the study and not caused by thermal , radiant , or caustic agents ) that spared the bowman membrane and the limbus , and involved < 50% of the cornea and with co... | purposethe aim of this study was to investigate the effects of an ophthalmic gel containing sodium hyaluronate and xanthan gum in addition to the antibiotic netilmicin in the management of traumatic corneal abrasions.patients and methodspatients with traumatic corneal abrasions were randomly treated as follows : group ... |
there exists sufficient evidence which links the diseased state of atherosclerosis to elevated levels of total cholesterol ( tc ) , low - density lipoproteins cholesterol ( ldl - c ) , very low - density lipoprotein cholesterol ( vldl - c ) , and triglycerides ( tg ) ( 14 , 18 , 24 ) .
current research suggests that ... | to determine whether 90 minutes of moderate - intensity exercise , prior to a high fat meal , attenuates postprandial triglycerides ( ppt ) in older adults .
eight sedentary older adult volunteers ( mean sd age = 58 8 years , bmi 26.5 4.2 ) ; completed two trials consisting of exercise and a no - exercise control ... |
about 65% of
all people with a visual impairment are 50 years old and older , and this age group currently
comprises about 20% of the world s population . with an increasing elderly population
worldwide , more people will be at risk of visual impairment due to chronic eye diseases and
ageing processes1 .
ser... | [ purpose ] this study aimed to classify the fear that occurs during the process of a
squat - like movement by persons with visual impairment .
[ subjects and methods ] fifteen
persons with a visual impairment , 45 years and older , who were independent in daily living
were recruited for the study .
the stud... |
the dichotomy of having both generalists and specialists is omnipresent in many fields and is not restricted to physician occupations .
one can observe that a growing number of health care professions , such as nurses and pharmacists , are increasingly becoming subdivided into specific specialties.1,2 this type of ge... | generalists and specialists are often considered two completely distinct species , which culminates in the establishment of a concept of dichotomy . however , these dichotomy can at times fuel tension and even erupt into open conflict . in order to resolve this issue
, the author herein proposes the concept of a gen... |
abundant epidemiological studies in populations and preclinical studies in animal models demonstrate that high density lipoprotein ( hdl ) protects against the development of atherosclerosis .
the scavenger receptor class b type 1 ( sr - b1 ) is a multiligand receptor that has high affinity for hdl and can mediate th... | abstractatherosclerosis is a leading underlying factor in cardiovascular disease and stroke , important causes of morbidity and mortality across the globe .
abundant epidemiological studies demonstrate that high levels of high density lipoprotein ( hdl ) are associated with reduced risk of atherosclerosis and preclin... |
for many mothers , giving birth to a child means a clear break from the community to which they had previously belonged .
report that changes in mothers ' social situations from the puerperal period to the child - rearing period are related to depression through lack of a sense of belonging .
similarly , hagerty an... | this study elucidated the skills of mothers who used to build positive interpersonal relationships with people they met through child - rearing .
the research method was qualitative descriptive study .
the participants were 24 mothers who had children between ages of one and four years .
these participants were r... |
in the past 30 years , the global prevalence of obesity has increased among all age groups .
obesity leads not only to an increase in adipose tissue mass but also to the infiltration of proinflammatory cells and secretion of inflammatory cytokines [ 1 , 2 ] .
therefore , obesity is characterized by low - grade infl... | high mobility group box 1 protein ( hmgb1 ) is a molecule related to the development of inflammation .
autophagy is vital to maintain cellular homeostasis and protect against inflammation of adipocyte injury .
our recent work focused on the relationship of hmgb1 and autophagy in 3t3-l1 cells . in vivo experimental ... |
nursing is a professional , which because of its stressful nature , being faced with unforeseen situations , shifting , organizational and personal factors , effect on mental and physical health of these practitioners .
different studies has reported that in comparison with the mental and physical health of people of... | psychological problems as state anxiety ( sa ) in the work environment has negative effect on the employees life especially shift work nurses , i.e. negative effect on mental and physical health ( sleep quality , eye fatigue and comfort thermal ) .
the purpose of this study was determination of effects of state anxie... |
despite all preventive and therapeutical efforts , melanoma is still the most aggressive and deadliest skin cancer especially in persons of fair complexion . to a certain extent
, primary prevention campaigns already achieved an earlier diagnosis of thinner tumors with a better prognosis .
incidence rates are non... | due to intensified research in recent years , the understanding of the molecular mechanisms involved in the development of melanoma has dramatically improved .
the discovery of specific , causal mutations such as braf or kit oncogenes not only renders a targeted and thus more effective therapeutic approach possible ,... |
we analyzed serum samples that were collected in may 2009 from 125 dairy cows in durazno county ( 33230s , 56310w ) , durazno state , uruguay ( figure 2 ) .
the cattle herds had no clinical sings of disease at the time of serum collection . to determine the presence of neutralizing antibodies in the serum samples , w... | we detected orthopoxvirus in 28 of 125 serum samples collected during 2009 from cattle in uruguay .
two samples were pcr - positive for vaccinia virus and had sequences similar to those for vaccinia virus associated with outbreaks in brazil .
autochthonous circulation of vaccinia virus in uruguay and other south am... |
the study included 225 boys aged 716 years , recruited from two centers of a football academy in the area of tunis ( latitude , 35n ) .
children with liver , renal , or bone disease ; intestinal malabsorption ; or cancer ; and those taking vitamin d supplements , anticonvulsant drugs , or systemic corticosteroids wer... | backgroundvitamin d inadequacy is widespread in children and adolescents worldwide .
the present study was undertaken to assess the vitamin d status in active children living in a sunny climate and to identify the main determinants of the serum concentration of 25-hydroxyvitamin d ( 25-ohd).methodsthis cross - sectio... |
stanford type a aortic dissection ( taad ) is a catastrophic clinical condition , occurring mainly in middle and old age groups , which requires emergency open surgical intervention .
although surgical results have improved with improvements in cardiac surgery techniques over the last two decades , overall in - hospi... | backgroundendovascular option has been proposed for a very limited and selected number of stanford type a aortic dissection ( taad ) patients .
we have performed a computed tomography ( ct)-based taad study to explore appropriate endograft configurations for the ascending aortic pathology.methodstaad patients treated... |
delivery pain does not result from tissue trauma or damage ; rather , it is a part of a unique physiological process .
severe delivery pain leads to the mother 's emotional turmoil and disturbs her mental health .
it also has several negative effects on maternal and fetal physiological status as well as the deliver... | delivery is considered as one of the most painful experiences of women 's life . the present study aimed to compare the effects of supportive care and acupressure on the pregnant women 's pain intensity and delivery outcome . in this experimental study ,
150 pregnant women were randomly divided into supportive care ,... |
an accurate implant - supported prosthetic framework is considered to have a simultaneous and circumferential contact between the implant abutment and the framework , without causing strains before functional loading.12 if the gap between the implant abutment and the framework is sufficient for bacterial adherence , in... | purposethis study evaluated the effect of span length on the adaptation of implant - supported cobalt chromium frameworks fabricated by three techniques.materials and methodsmodels with two solid abutment analogs at different inter - abutment distances were digitized using a laboratory scanner .
frameworks of two- , ... |
the brachial plexus is frequently involved by malignant tumors of the lung apex and breast , or as a result of radiotherapy .
malignant bone tumors , such as osteosarcoma , arising from the cervical spine , clavicle or first rib may less commonly invade the plexus . however , primary tumors of the brachial plexus are... | objectivethis is a retrospective review of 22 surgically treated benign and malignant tumors of brachial plexus region to describe clinical presentation , the characteristics of brachial plexus tumor and clinical outcomes with a literature review.methodstwenty-one patients with consecutive 22 surgeries for primary brac... |
among the genes identified so far in drosophila melanogaster that play a role in dna damage repair , mus308 presents some unique properties , because its cdna sequence shows motifs characteristic of dna helicase and dna polymerases . the putative product of this gene was indeed isolated as a new dna polymerase , homolo... | the d. melanogaster mus308 gene , highly conserved among higher eukaryotes , is implicated in the repair of cross - links and of o - ethylpyrimidine dna damage , working in a dna damage tolerance mechanism . however , despite its relevance , its possible role on the processing of different dna ethylation damages is not... |
participants for this project were identified from the diabetes research into adolescent transitions ( drat ) study .
the drat project was a 3-year longitudinal project examining the self - management of young people with type 1 diabetes , living in rural and urban areas of new south wales and the australian capital ... | objectiveto determine whether personality traits ( conscientiousness , agreeableness , emotional regulation , extraversion , and openness to experience ) are associated with glycemic control and blood glucose monitoring behavior , and change or stability of these outcomes over time , in young people with type 1 diabete... |
the age - adjusted incidence of female thyroid cancer from 2005 to 2009 was 17.3 per 100,000 , making it the 5th leading cancer diagnosis among women according to the national cancer institute 's surveillance , epidemiology , and end results ( seer ) program .
recent reports estimate that thyroid cancer incidence has... | background .
differentiated thyroid cancers ( dtcs ) are one of the most common and survivable cancers diagnosed in women .
we examine factors associated with long - term survival and competing risks of death in women diagnosed with dtc under the age of 40 ( < 40 ) and aged 40 and older ( 40 + ) . methods .
seer ... |
recent progress in molecular biology has revealed the molecular basis in the pathogenesis of various diseases .
one such therapy is antivascular endothelial growth factor ( anti - vegf ) therapy , which is now widely used to treat age - related macular degeneration ( amd ) and cancer .
its role in treating amd is t... | understanding pathogenesis at the molecular level is the first step toward developing new therapeutic approaches . here , we review the molecular mechanisms of visual dysfunction in two common diseases , innate chorioretinal inflammation and diabetic retinopathy , and the role of the ubiquitin - proteasome system ( ups... |
professional musicians have been used over the last 15 years as a model for brain plasticity . why are musicians so interesting for plasticity research ?
first of all , they are experts in playing musical instruments . to play the demanding two three - second segments of the 11th variation from the sixth paganini etu... | music is becoming more and more of an issue in the cognitive neurosciences . a major finding in this research area
is that musical practice is associated with structural and functional plasticity of the brain . in this brief review
, i will give an overview of the most recent findings of this research area . |
fifteen years earlier , she had undergone left modified radical mastectomy for infiltrating ductal carcinoma of the breast ( pathologic stating of t1n0m0 , according to the american joint committee on cancer [ ajcc ] tumor - node - metastasis [ tnm ] classification for breast cancer ) .
thereafter , she received chem... | airway obstruction after esophageal surgery is quite rare , and few such cases have been reported .
a 57-year - old woman who underwent the ivor lewis procedure for esophageal carcinoma complained of a sudden onset of severe dyspnea on postoperative day 3 .
chest computed tomography scan revealed that the collectio... |
s. le g. and b.k.f . are supported by the intramural research program of the national cancer institute , national institutes of health .
k.j.p . was supported by the homing plus/2012 - 6/12 grant of the foundation for polish science and the national science center , poland ( grant 2011/01/d / nz1/03478 ) . | replication of retroviruses and transposition of endogenous retroelements exploits a unique mechanism of post - transcriptional regulation as a means of exporting their incompletely - spliced mrnas ( which serve as both the genomic rna and the template for protein synthesis ) .
following discovery of the rev response... |
testicular tumors are rare and account for 1 - 1.5% of all the tumors affecting men but are the commonest tumors in 15 - 35 years of age .
ninety to ninety five percent of testicular tumors are germ cell tumors ( gcts ) , 52 - 56% of which are seminomas . with the current multimodality approach , gcts are considered ... | introduction : we aimed to study the outcomes of retroperitoneal lymph node dissection ( rplnd ) in postchemotherapy residual masses in advanced testicular germ cell tumor ( gct ) in the indian population.patients and methods : we retrospectively analyzed 35 patients who underwent postchemotherapy rplnd at our institut... |
we
report the discovery of hd5-cd , an unprecedented c2-symmetric -barrel - like covalent dimer of the
cysteine - rich host - defense peptide human defensin 5 ( hd5 ) .
dimerization
results from intermonomer disulfide exchange between the canonical
-defensin cysii
cysiv ( cys5cys20 ) bonds located at the hy... | |
this study was conducted under institutional review board approval from wake forest university school of medicine .
identification , clinical characteristics , and recruitment of african american patients and controls have been previously described in detail ( 22 ) .
briefly , 1,033 unrelated african american patie... | objectivevariation in the transcription factor 7-like 2 ( tcf7l2 ) locus is associated with type 2 diabetes across multiple ethnicities .
the aim of this study was to elucidate which variant in tcf7l2 confers diabetes susceptibility in african americans.research design and methodsthrough the evaluation of tagging sin... |
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) is a chronic metabolic disease which is characterized by hyperglycemia , absolute or relative deficiencies in insulin secretion , and/or insulin action . the new classification proposed by the american diabetes association in 1997 was based on the pathogenesis of the disease and comprises four ... | uncoupling proteins ( ucps ) are anion carriers expressed in the mitochondrial inner membrane that uncouple oxygen consumption by the respiratory chain from atp synthesis . the physiological functions of ucps
have long been debated since the new ucps ( ucp2 to 5 ) were discovered , and the role of ucps in the pathoge... |
antiphospholipid antibodies are circulating immunoglobulins that are associated with both venous and arterial thrombotic events .
the antiphospholipid antibody syndrome is defined by 2 major criteria : the occurrence of at least 1 clinical thrombotic event or pregnancy morbidity ( either 1 otherwise unexplained fetal... | a 39-year - old woman presented with a right - hemispheric stroke 1 year after she had suffered a left - hemispheric stroke .
her diagnostic workup was notable for bilateral occlusions of the internal carotid arteries at their origins and a positive lupus anticoagulant antibody test .
there was no evidence of carot... |
we report a rare case with simultaneous onset of amn and central retinal vein occlusion ( crvo ) , which is a retinal circulation disorder
a 44-year - old woman complained of central visual loss of the left eye for the previous 2 weeks .
fundoscopic examination revealed a wedge - shaped , dark reddish - brown le... | purposethe precise mechanism causing acute macular neuroretinopathy ( amn ) is still unknown .
a recent report suggested that choroidal circulation impairment correlates with its pathogenesis .
we report a rare case with simultaneous onset of amn and central retinal vein occlusion ( crvo ) , which is a retinal circ... |
it is known that swimming is a non - weight - bearing activity that can increase aerobic capacity and lean body mass , however , it has no positive effects on bone mineral density ( bmd ) [ 1 - 5 ] . the loss of bone volume and quality due to a lack of mechanical stimuli can be explained by wolff s law .
bone loss ma... | [ purpose]the present paper reviews the physiological adaptation to swim training and dietary supplementation relating to bone mineral density ( bmd ) in female swimmers . swim training still seems to have conflicting effects on bone health maintenance in athletes.[methods]this review article focuses on swim training c... |
micrornas ( mirnas ) , a family of small noncoding rnas of 22 nt in length , constitute an important class of regulators that are involved in diverse cellular processes such as developmental control , apoptosis , cell differentiation and proliferation ( 1 ) .
they are also implicated in various disease processes thus... | micrornas ( mirnas ) constitute an important class of regulators that are involved in various cellular and disease processes . however , the functional significance of each mirna is mostly unknown due to the difficulty in identifying target genes and the lack of genome - wide expression data combining mirnas , mrnas an... |
this is an unusual case of a 42-year - old gentleman , admitted to the intensive treatment unit ( itu ) following an attempted suicide .
he was observed to develop significant polyuria following admission to itu and this polyuria resolved when propofol was stopped with no further treatment .
this is a rare occurren... | case report detailing the occurrence of diabetes insipidus in a 42-year - old man admitted to the intensive treatment unit ( itu ) following an overdose .
whilst on itu , he was sedated with propofol .
cessation of treatment with propofol coincided with resolution of the polyuria .
animal studies suggest a theore... |
the rpe is a monolayer of cells between the choroidal circulation and the neural retina .
in addition to serving as the outer blood retina barrier , the rpe plays many specialized essential roles in the retina , including phagocytosis of photoreceptor outer segment discs , recycling of retinoids , and participating ... | purposeto dissect gene functions in the retinal pigment epithelium ( rpe ) , we previously generated a tetracycline - inducible rpe - specific cre mouse line .
although this cre mouse line was useful for several conditional gene targeting studies that were conducted by different laboratories , its potential has not b... |
lupus panniculitis ( lp ) occurs in 3% of the patients with cutaneous lupus erythematosus .
it primarily affects subcutaneous tissues of the face and the proximal areas of the limbs , leading to residual atrophy .
lp may lead to major aesthetic sequelae that severely decrease quality of life ( even during good long... | lupus panniculitis is a rare manifestation of cutaneous lupus erythematosus , which may lead to major aesthetic sequelae with a severe impact on patients quality of life .
we report 2 cases supporting the short- and long - term efficacy and safety of lipofilling in the treatment of lupus panniculitis - induced atroph... |
synovial sarcoma ( ss ) most commonly affects the para - articular regions of the extremities of young adults , .
occasionally , however , ss has been identified in less common locations , including the head and neck , heart , lungs and prostate .
herein , we describe a case of primary renal ss , an exceedingly rar... | abstractprimary renal synovial sarcoma ( ss ) was first described in 2000 by argani , with only a few subsequent cases being reported in the english literature .
herein , we describe a case of a 52-year - old woman who presented with right flank pain .
magnetic resonance imaging revealed a 6-cm mass in the lower po... |
first described pleuropulmonary blastoma ( ppb ) as a distinctive tumor in young children , occurring almost exclusively in the first decade of life . since then , individual cases as well as series of similar tumors in children have been reported with the diagnosis of ppb .
international ppb registry is maintaining ... | pleuropulmonary blastoma ( ppb ) is a unique dysontogenetic and a primitive neoplasm occuring almost exclusively in the first decade of life , as a pulmonary- and/or pleural - based tumor with cystic , solid , or combined cystic and solid features .
it is characterized histologically by a primitive , variably mixed b... |
intraoral and extraoral radiographs are integral part of diagnosis of dental disease and treatment planning . while in forensic odontology
, radiographs are an implicit part of practice used mainly in identification and age estimation .
the tenet of identification by dental means is the comparison of antemortem rec... | digital dental radiography , intraoral and extraoral , is becoming more popular in dental practice .
it offers convenience , such as lower exposure to radiation , ease of storing of images , and elimination of chemical processing .
however , it also has disadvantages and drawbacks .
one of these is the potential ... |
the aim of regenerative medicine is currently underway to use the body s own cells to repair diseased or damaged tissue .
the use of stem cells from different tissues for regenerative medicine applications has increased over the past few years .
amniotic fluid ( af ) represents rich sources of stem cells population... | amniotic fluid represents rich sources of stem cells that can be used in treatments for a wide range of diseases .
amniotic fluid- stem cells have properties intermediate between embryonic and adult mesenchymal stem cells which make them particularly attractive for cellular regeneration and tissue engineering
. fur... |
sepsis is a common clinical condition with a significant impact on healthcare resources and expense . according to world health organization estimates , sepsis accounts for 60 - 80% of lost lives per year in childhood .
it accounts for approximately 20% of all admissions to the intensive care unit and is remain the l... | background and objective : the surviving sepsis campaign treatment guideline ( ssc ) implementation is associated with improved outcome in adults with severe sepsis .
the effect on outcome of pediatric sepsis is less clear.purpose:to determine the clinical outcomes of ssc implementation and to investigate the prognos... |
this series of articles provides regular surveillance of new technologies which may impact on critical care .
several countries have developed national horizon scanning systems to identify and monitor new health technologies .
there is variation in how these centres gather information , but a consistent set of high... | this commentary represents a selective survey of developments relevant to critical care .
selected themes include advances in point - of - care diagnostic testing , glucose control , novel microbiological diagnostics and infection control measures , and developments in information technology that have implications fo... |
metastatic cancer is usually found in the bone , which is the third most common site of cancer metastasis .
metastatic bone cancer often occurs in the axial skeleton such as pelvis , ribs , skull , and vertebrae .
metastatic cancer of the limbs is frequently found at the proximal end of long bones such as the proxi... | summarybackgroundto evaluate the pain , quality of life ( qol ) , and limb function of patients after en bloc resection of solitary metastatic bone cancer in the limbs.material/methodsa total of 27 patients with solitary metastatic bone cancer in the limbs were recruited .
all these patients underwent limb - salvage ... |
they can be defined as aneurysmal dilatation of intra- and extra - hepatic ducts and are classified according to the involved segment of the biliary tree .
the incidence of choledochal cysts is increasing due to the improvements in imaging techniques and choledochal cysts of adults get clinical attention due to vario... | choledochal cysts are uncommon congenital anomalies of the biliary tree , commonly presenting in infancy , generally in the 1st year of life .
presentation in adult life is less common , accounting for 20% of cases . a 19-year - old female patient presented to the emergency department with severe abdominal distension... |
lumbar spinal stenosis ( lss ) presents with intermittent claudication ( ic ) in the lower extremities as a typical symptom26,28 ) .
peripheral arterial disease ( pad ) also presents with similar symptoms as vascular ic17,21 ) .
neurogenic ic , on the other hand , caused by narrowing of the neural foramen and spina... | objectiveintermittent claudication ( ic ) is a typical symptom of peripheral arterial disease ( pad ) and lumbar spinal stenosis ( lss ) . in order to prevent misdiagnosis of vascular disease , it is important to know the incidence of and risk factors for pad in patients with lss . therefore , the aim of our study was ... |
hole argument is the english translation of the german phrase lochbetrachtung , used by albert einstein to describe his argument against the possibility of generally - covariant equations for the gravitational field , developed in late 1913 and accepted until late 1915 .
einstein realized the desirability of gener... | this is a historical - critical study of the hole argument , concentrating on the interface between historical , philosophical and physical issues .
although it includes a review of its history , its primary aim is a discussion of the contemporary implications of the hole argument for physical theories based on dynam... |
in this multicenter , prospective , open - label , randomized study , we enrolled 375 adult patients admitted to general medicine and surgery services .
we recruited patients with a known history of t2d and with a bg before randomization between 140 and 400 mg / dl , a known history of t2d for > 3 months , age betwee... | objectiveeffective and easily implemented insulin regimens are needed to facilitate hospital glycemic control in general medical and surgical patients with type 2 diabetes ( t2d).research design and methodsthis multicenter trial randomized 375 patients with t2d treated with diet , oral antidiabetic agents , or low - do... |
darier disease ( dd ) is a rare , autosomal dominant , inherited acantholytic dermatosis caused by a mutation in the atp2a2 gene on chromosome 12 .
the diagnosis of dd is suggested by the clinical findings of a persistent eruption of greasy hyperkeratotic papules and plaques usually occurring over seborrheic areas as... | darier disease ( dd ) is a rare dominantly inherited genodermatosis characterized by loss of intercellular adhesion ( acantholysis ) and abnormal keratinization .
dd is often difficult to manage .
numerous treatments have reportedly been used for the treatment of dd , with limited success .
systemic retinoids are... |
eye diseases such as diabetic retinopathy ( dr ) and diabetic macular edema ( dme ) are the most common causes of irreversible vision loss in individuals with diabetes .
just in united states alone , health care and associated costs related to eye diseases are estimated at almost $ 500 m . moreover ,
the prevalent... | this paper addresses the problem of automatic classification of spectral domain oct ( sd - oct ) data for automatic identification of patients with dme versus normal subjects .
optical coherence tomography ( oct ) has been a valuable diagnostic tool for dme , which is among the most common causes of irreversible visi... |
global digital pathology networks between pathology laboratories , academic centers and commercial entities have capitalized on whole slide imaging ( wsi ) technology , the internet and cloud services . at the university of pittsburgh medical center ( upmc ) we launched a telepathology consultation service with kingmed... | background : telepathology practice across international borders has become increasingly popular .
our telepathology consultation service with a laboratory in china was hampered by latency issues when viewing whole slide images.objective:the aim was to explore data transfer solutions to improve the viewing experience... |
blue nevus is an acquired benign melanocytic nevus described as a blue or blue - black , firm papule , nodule or plaque - like lesion occurring on the skin and mucous membranes .
malignant blue nevus is rare , and a common blue nevus rarely needs a differential diagnosis from malignant melanoma .
although a melanoc... | malignant blue nevus is rare , and a common blue nevus rarely needs a differential diagnosis from malignant melanoma .
although a melanocytic nevus with a satellite lesion is usually suggestive of a peripherally disseminating malignant melanoma , very few cases of blue nevus with satellite lesions have been reported ... |
it develops most of the time on the skin ; however , other parts of the body could be involved , including the oral cavities . oral malignant melanoma ( omm ) , unlike cutaneous melanoma , is considered a rare lesion with an incidence of 0.4 - 1.8% of all melanomas and 0.5% of all oral malignancies .
the etiology of ... | oral malignant melanoma ( omm ) is rare , representing less than 0.5% of all oral malignancies .
the most affected sites are the palate and the maxillary gingiva .
histological examination is important to establish the diagnosis of any suspicious pigmented lesion in the oral cavity , mainly if a precise clinical di... |
the skin and lung tissues from sencar mice used as part of the environmental protection agency 's ( epa 's ) carcinogenesis testing matrix were examined .
this study included sencar mice used in three different short - term bioassay protocols in which the skin papilloma assay was used to identify initiators , promote... | |
inflammation represents a complex , nonspecific immune response of the body to pathogens , damaged cells , tissue injury , allergens , toxic compounds , or irritant molecules .
it may also escape the original tissue and spread via the circulatory and/or the lymphatic system to other parts of the body , producing a sy... | micrornas are short noncoding rnas that regulate the expression of many target genes posttranscriptionally and are thus implicated in a wide array of cellular and developmental processes .
the expression of mir-155 or mir-21 is upregulated during the course of the inflammatory response , but these micrornas are also ... |
the principal functions of the mucosal epithelial barrier are to digest and absorb food nutrients , as well as to protect the body from dangerous microorganisms ( 1 , 2 ) .
our body is not fully equipped to transform all ingested food into its recyclable constituents , and we need the help of beneficial microorgani... | recent work suggests that dendritic cells ( dcs ) in mucosal tissues are educated by intestinal epithelial cells ( iecs ) to suppress inflammation and promote immunological tolerance .
after attack by pathogenic microorganisms , however ,
non - educated dcs are recruited from nearby areas , such as the dome of p... |
impressions play a vital role in the success of prosthesis because a prosthesis can be no more accurate than the impression from which it has been made .
one of the most critical factors in the production of an accurate impression is the use of an appropriate impression material .
there is a continuous effort to im... | background : this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of two commercially available chemical disinfectants namely sodium hypochlorite and glutaraldehyde and a surface wetting agent on the wettability of three high precision elastomeric impression materials , addition silicone , condensation silicone and polyet... |
early genetic studies suggest that a lack of decorin is permissive for tumor development . more specifically , crossing decorin - null mice with the p53-null mice caused early lethality of the double mutant animals because of massive organ infiltration by t - cell lymphoma .
a more recent publication from our group d... | decorin is a member of the extracellular matrix small leucine - rich proteoglycans family that exists and functions in stromal and epithelial cells .
accumulating evidence suggests that decorin affects the biology of various types of cancer by directly or indirectly targeting the signaling molecules involved in cell ... |
there is general consensus that radiosurgery is a preferred option to surgical removal for the treatment of an arteriovenous malformation in the basal ganglia , thalamus , and other deep brain areas .
this is because surgical removal of a deep seated avm is especially difficult , producing high mortality and morbidit... | radiation - induced vasculopathy is a rare occurrence , however , it is one of the most serious complications that can occur after gamma - knife radiosurgery ( gkrs ) .
the authors present two cases of incidentally found deep cerebral arteriovenous malformation ( avm ) , which were treated by gkrs , where subsequentl... |
alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) is a pernicious neurodegenerative disease which is incurable with remedies developed up to date .
the number of patients increases every year worldwide and 5.2 million people in the united states are suffering from ad .
this number is expected to expand to 36 million to 115 million in wo... | alzheimer 's disease ( ad ) is the most common form of dementia caused by neurodegenerative process and is tightly related to amyloid ( a ) and neurofibrillary tangles .
the lack of early diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic remedy hinders the prevention of increasing population of ad patients every year . in spite ... |
a 10-year - old boy came with a complaint of anterior cross bite to our department .
the patient had no relevant past dental or medical history and no habits . on extra - oral examination
[ figure 1 ] , patient had a dolico - cephalic head shape , lepto - prosobic facial form , concave profile , anterior divergence... | a case report is presented of a class iii malocclusion with a class iii skeletal pattern and maxillary retrusion .
patient , a 10-year - old boy was treated with an orthopedic face mask in conjunction with rapid maxillary expansion and standard pre - adjusted edgewise appliance .
treatment was completed after 3 yea... |
a 44 year old single male , presented to our outpatient department with complaints of day time excessive sleepiness , lethargy , low mood and disturbed sleep at night for the past 3 months .
history revealed that these symptoms were triggered by the death of his father . on detailed evaluation
, it was found that h... | modafinil , a non - amphetamine psychostimulant , is indicated for narcolepsy , shift work sleep disorder and severe obstructive sleep apnea syndrome .
modafinil is prescribed at the dose of 100 mg once in a day or as two doses , 12 h apart in a day .
it has also been found that it reduces cocaine dependence and wi... |
the carcinogenic and mutagenic effects of the aromatic amines are believed to depend on their covalent modification of dna , primarily through the formation of adducts at c8 of guanine .
the actual biologic and biochemical responses to these adducts can be envisioned as the consequence of the abilities of the cell to... | |
atrial fibrillation ( af ) , whether paroxysmal ( paf ) or persistent , is a chronic disorder , and recurrence is likely at some point in most patients with af .
stroke as well as functional impairments and cardiac failure are the well - known consequences of af .
however , interventions such as antiarrhythmic drug... | aimspatients with atrial fibrillation ( af ) consider the related symptoms disruptive to their quality of life ( qol ) .
this study aimed to evaluate the impact of the control of symptomatic paroxysmal af ( paf ) on qol.methods and resultspatients with symptomatic paf were treated for 48 weeks with open - label fleca... |
t regulatory cells ( tregs ) are important mediators of immune suppression , and their presence prevents reactions against self by inducing regulatory signals to antigen presenting cells ( apcs ) and/or effector t cells [ 1 , 2 ] .
their ablation increases the risk of autoimmunity whilst , on the contrary , their s... | patients with chronic viral hepatitis display increased expression of foxp3 in liver , suggesting that tregs expansion contributes to persistent infection .
the purpose of this study was to elucidate whether the expression of foxp3 relates not to the viral infection but to the resulting liver inflammation .
liver b... |
pneumatosis intestinalis ( pi ) is a rare and unexpected disorder defined as accumulation of gas in the submucosa or subserosa of the large or small intestine .
it is associated with a variety of diseases , and its pathogenesis is still obscure .
, it has been reported in 12 cases after pediatric orthotopic lt [ 1 ... | pneumatosis intestinalis is an uncommon disorder characterized by an accumulation of gas in the bowel wall .
we described three cases undertaking liver transplantation .
the patients developed diarrhea in three cases and high fever in two . an abdominal x - ray and computed tomography scan demonstrated extensive pn... |
facial and smile esthetics is a major reason for many patients to seek orthodontic and dental treatment .
smile esthetics is affected by several factors ( such as the occlusion , gingival display , lip position , dentolabial harmony , or dental anomalies like congenitally missing teeth ) and is critical for enhancing... | background and aim : the purpose of this study was to investigate whether different camera lenses and dental specialties can affect the perception of smile esthetics.methods:in the first phase of this study , 40 female smile photographs ( taken from dental students ) were evaluated by six orthodontists , three speciali... |
bioaerosols and particulate matter of indoor and outdoor environment have a direct effect on the human health .
bacteria have the diameter of about 28 m but these remain rarely free in the air . generally , they tend to aggregate or attach to nonviable particles to form large clumps .
the total bacterial count is ... | methicillin resistant staphylococci ( mrs ) commonly found in clinical samples or associated environment pose a major health challenge globally .
the carriage rate of mrs in human population is high , especially in india but research on airborne distribution of mrs is scanty .
the present study aimed to evaluate th... |
hyperpolarized noble gas magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) is an emerging technique that enables novel quantitative analysis of pulmonary physiology ( 1 , 2 ) .
although the density of gas introduced into the lungs is low , optical pumping techniques can be used before inhalation to produce extremely high nuclear sp... | purpose : to demonstrate the feasibility of registering hyperpolarized helium-3 magnetic resonance images ( 3he - mri ) to x - ray computed tomography ( ct ) for functionally weighted intensity - modulated radiotherapy ( imrt ) planning.methods and materials : six patients with non small - cell lung cancer underwent 3... |
major concerns exist about the quality of water for such uses as human consumption and crop irrigation .
thus , the number of samples as well as of analytes ( both normal components and pollutants ) increases continuously , challenging the capacity of analytical laboratories . in uruguay
, the school of chemistry o... | an automated multiparametric water analyser was developed and evaluated .
the system was based on sequential injection analysis and featured a photometric detection system comprising a tricolour rgb led source and a photodiode . a program compiled in visual basic
was used to control the sia flow system , the leds ,... |
dcs are part of the innate immune system and function as sentinels for pathogens at potential sites of invasion ( e.g. , the skin or the gastrointestinal tract ) .
proteins are then converted into peptides which are subsequently presented on major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) molecules and recognized by t lymph... | dendritic cells ( dcs ) are considered as one of the main regulators of immune responses .
they collect antigens , process them , and present typical antigenic structures to lymphocytes , thereby inducing an adaptive immune response .
all these processes take place under conditions of oxygen shortage ( hypoxia ) wh... |
blood donation in israel is voluntary and does not involve any monetary benefit . using records from magen david adom , we registered age , sex , country of birth , and maternal and paternal countries of birth once for each donor , regardless of the number of blood units donated . from 1995 through 1998
, donors were... | the prevalence of infection with human t - cell lymphotropic virus type 1 ( htlv-1 ) in blood donors from israel is 1 infection/100,000 persons . in donors originating from eastern
europe , the middle east , and latin america , prevalences are 7.7 , 14.6 , and 20.4 , respectively .
htlv-1 prevalence may be high out... |
approximately 1 million new and recurrent acute myocardial infarctions ( ami ) occur annually in the united states.1 whereas st - segment elevation myocardial infarction ( stemi ) has long been accepted terminology in the literature and clinical setting,2 the term non - stemi ( nstemi ) became more commonly used in the... | backgroundlimited recent data are available describing differences in long - term survival , and factors affecting prognosis , after st - segment elevation myocardial infarction ( stemi ) and non - st - segment elevation myocardial infarction ( nstemi ) , especially from the more generalizable perspective of a populati... |
the trigger finger is in the clinical practice , frequently caused by stenosing tenosynovitis at the a1 pulley characterized by pain , swelling and a triggering sensation with the limitation of finger motion .
the first treatment is conservative using anti - inflammatory drugs and steroid injection , but some resista... | abstractwe report a case of post - traumatic trigger finger due to a partial longitudinal tear of the flexor digitorum superficialis .
the suspect came from the clinical history and the young age of the patient .
it was successfully treated with tendon flap suture and pulley a1 release . |
at the time of the birth of general relativity ( gr ) , experimental confirmation was almost a side issue .
einstein did calculate observable effects of general relativity , such as the perihelion advance of mercury , which he knew to be an unsolved problem , and the deflection of light , which was subsequently verif... | the status of experimental tests of general relativity and of theoretical frameworks for analysing them are reviewed .
einstein s equivalence principle ( eep ) is well supported by experiments such as the etvs experiment , tests of special relativity , and the gravitational redshift experiment .
future tests of eep... |
hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is the sixth most common malignant disease worldwide and the third greatest cause of cancer - related death .
the etiology of hcc has been reported to be related to a variety of diseases such as viral hepatitis [ 2 , 3 ] , alcoholic hepatitis , nonalcoholic fatty liver disease ( nafld... | the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) is affected by tumoral factors and liver functions ; therefore it is often difficult to select the appropriate therapeutic methods for hcc .
recently , two global phase iii trials showed that sorafenib , which is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor , improved the prognosis of... |
angiogenesis , the formation of new blood vessels , plays an important role in tumor growth , local invasiveness , and metastatic progression .
many preclinical studies and clinical trials confirm the importance of integrin v3 in the process of tumor angiogenesis and metastasis [ 1 , 2 ] .
integrin v3 is a cell adh... | purpose .
the purpose of this paper is to evaluate a new pet tracer 64cu - nodaga - c(rgdyk ) for imaging of tumor angiogenesis using gene expression of angiogenesis markers as reference and to estimate radiation dosimetry for humans . procedures .
nude mice with human neuroendocrine tumor xenografts ( h727 ) were ... |
beginning in 1989 , oral vaccination using bait that contained the live , attenuated , evelyn - rokitnicki - abelseth ( era ) ( 6,7 ) strain of rabies virus was distributed in ontario to control rabies in red foxes in rural and urban habitats ( 4,810 ) . the bait matrix consisted of beef tallow , wax , and attractants ... | to control the arctic variant of rabies virus in red foxes , 332,257 bait doses containing live , attenuated evelyn - rokitnicki - abelseth rabies vaccine were distributed in greater metropolitan toronto during 19891999 .
human and pet contact with bait was minimal , and no adverse reactions to the vaccine were noted... |
detailed methodology can be found in the supplementary information . in short , luciferase reporter gene assay , immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting analysis , purification of recombinant proteins , in vitro kinase assays , and cell migration assay were performed , as previously described .
| summarythe embryonic pyruvate kinase m2 ( pkm2 ) isoform is highly expressed in human cancer .
in contrast to the established role of pkm2 in aerobic glycolysis or the warburg effect1,2,3 , its nonmetabolic functions remain elusive . here we demonstrate that egfr activation induces translocation of pkm2 , but not pkm... |
acute pancreatitis is an inflammatory condition of the pancreas characterized clinically by abdominal pain and elevated levels of pancreatic enzymes : amylase and lipase in the blood .
the incidence of acute pancreatitis in the united states is approximately 17 cases per 100,000 people .
although gallstones and alc... | abstractwe designed a population - based retrospective cohort study to investigate the association between the event of benzodiazepine ( bzd ) poisoning and the risk of acute pancreatitis.in the present study , 12,893 patients with bzd poisoning during 2000 to 2011 were enrolled and matched with 4 comparison patients a... |
diabetes confers an increased risk for all - site cancer worldwide , except prostate cancer . among the chinese population of hong kong , for example
, the prevalence of diabetes was reported to be over 10% in mid 1990s with 30% higher risk for cancer in people with diabetes compared to the general population . with ... | objective : this review examines the evidence that : diabetes is a state of dna damage ; pathophysiological factors in diabetes can cause dna damage ; dna damage can cause mutations ; and dna mutation is linked to carcinogenesis.data sources : we retrieved information from the pubmed database up to january , 2014 , usi... |
during the course of treatment for autoimmune disease , patients with no history of bleeding sometimes suddenly present with severe ecchymoses or muscle hematoma . in such cases , acquired coagulation factor deficiencies , including acquired hemophilia a ( aha ) , should be considered in the differential diagnosis of t... | acquired hemophilia a ( aha ) is a rare hemorrhagic disease in which autoantibodies against coagulation factor viii- ( fviii- ) neutralizing antibodies ( inhibitors ) impair the intrinsic coagulation system .
as the inhibitors developed in aha are autoantibodies , the disease may have an autoimmune cause and is often... |
sphingomonas is a group of gram - negative , rod - shaped , non - spore - forming , chemoheterotrophic , strictly aerobic bacterium that produces yellow or off - white pigmented colonies .
the distinctiveness of sphingomonas lies in its possession of ubiquinone 10 as its major respiratory quinone , presence of glycos... | there is an ongoing debate about the clinical significance of sphingomonas paucimobilis as a virulent bacterial pathogen . in the present study , we investigated the presence of different virulence factors and genes in sphingomonas bacteria .
we utilized phylogenetic , comparative genomics and bioinformatics analysis... |
let dj , j=1, ,m , mn , be bounded and open subsets of rn , n=2,3 , such that rndj are connected and assume that they are disjoint .
,m , of dj is of class c2 and the unit normal vector is directed into the exterior of dj . finally , we set dj=1mdj .
we denote by the density function such that =1 in rnd , contin... | in this paper , we are concerned with the detection of point - like obstacles using elastic waves .
we show that one type of waves , either the p or the s scattered waves , is enough for localizing the points .
we also show how the use of s incident waves gives better resolution than the p waves .
these affirmati... |
patients with liver cirrhosis ( lc ) induced by chronic hepatitis b ( chb ) are at high risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma ( hcc ) [ 13 ] .
the proportion of people chronically infected with hepatitis b virus ( hbv ) is about 350 million people worldwide .
the lifetime risk of hbv carriers to develop cirrh... | background . liver cirrhosis ( lc ) is the final stage of most of chronic liver diseases and is almost caused by chronic hepatitis b ( chb ) in china .
liver biopsy is the reference method for the evaluation of liver cirrhosis .
however , it is an invasive procedure with inherent risk .
the aim of this study was ... |
little dispute exists that special training is essential for pediatric surgeons before starting endoscopic surgery in children ; however , a structured and readily available training program for them has not been established .
we developed a basic modular training program ( mtp ) , specially designed for pediatric su... | objectives : a structured endoscopic training program for pediatric surgeons has not yet been established .
this study was conducted to develop a modular training program ( mtp ) for pediatric surgeons and to evaluate its effectiveness for surgeons with and without previous experience in laparoscopic surgery.methods:... |
we report the case of one patient undergoing routine gastric bypass who experienced major complications .
a 56 year old female was referred from a district general hospital after a protracted history of abdominal pain and vomiting .
past medical history included osteoarthritis and hypertension , and a past surgical... | laparoscopic gastric bypass is becoming a frequently performed bariatric operation for patients with obesity . however , bariatric surgery has inherent risks and complications , which are further potentiated by the high risk nature of bariatric patients .
these complications can be either site specific i.e. anastomot... |
intellectual and developmental disabilities are lifelong chronic conditions , with multiple etiologies . further , intellectual and developmental disabilities ( i / dd ) can affect anyone , that is , from any ethnic or socioeconomic background .
they are characterized by limitations in both intellectual functioning a... | this descriptive cross - sectional study identified resources and programs that are available nationwide on the internet to support individuals and families with intellectual and developmental disabilities ( i / dd ) , with a focus on intellectual disability .
this evaluation included easily identifiable information ... |
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