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extremely low birth weight infants ( elbw ) pose a heavy resource burden in perinatal healthcare . while it is inevitable that elbw infants would have relatively long neonatal intensive care unit ( nicu ) length of stay ( los ) , there may be opportunities for improving and standardizing care , as unexplained variation... | objectiveto develop a length of stay ( los ) model for extremely low birth weight ( elbw ) infants.study designwe included infants from the california perinatal quality care collaborative with birth weight 4011,000 grams who were discharged to home .
exclusion criteria were congenital anomalies , surgery , and death ... |
numerous common human diseases and phenotypic traits are believed to arise from a combination of genetic and environmental factors .
the unravelling of the genetic predisposition to complex traits is a major challenge , and it could lead to better prevention , diagnosis and treatment of disease .
recently , advance... | genome - wide association studies ( gwas ) have successfully identified a large number of genetic variants associated with complex traits , but these only explain a small proportion of the total heritability .
it has been recently proposed that rare variants can create
synthetic association ' signals in gwas , by o... |
tuberculosis ( tb ) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in developing countries affecting millions of people worldwide ( 1,2 ) .
skeletal tb , constituting 1020% of all the extrapulmonary tb ( etb ) , is a well - recognized clinical condition that is easily diagnosed and managed with an excellent outcome... | tuberculosis ( tb ) of the musculoskeletal system is a rare clinical condition .
multifocal bone involvement is extremely rare and difficult to recognize .
thus , due to the diverse and atypical clinical manifestations of multifocal skeletal tb , the disease is easy to misdiagnose . in the present study , a rare ca... |
laparoscopic liver surgery is now being performed by select groups worldwide . the louisville consensus conference on laparoscopic liver surgery suggested a role for laparoscopic liver resections for lesions in segment 2 to 6 .
we herein report a male patient undergoing laparoscopic liver resection for a giant right ... | experience with laparoscopic liver resections is limited .
laparoscopic resection of a variety of liver lesions has been reported and is considered appropriate for lesions in the left lateral segment and inferior segments of the right lobe .
herein , we report a 52-year - old male patient who underwent a laparoscop... |
spinal cord injury ( sci ) is the most devastating form of neurological injury , disturbing the normal sensory , motor , and/or autonomic functions .
the annual incidence of sci in the usa is about 40 cases per million of population .
sci is caused principally by trauma ( e.g. traffic injuries , falls , and violenc... | bradycardia is the most common form of dysrhythmia developing after disruption of the sympathetic pathway by a spinal cord injury ( sci ) , and it can have fatal consequences , including cardiac arrest . here , we report a case of cardiac arrest developing after cervical sci attributable to sympathetic hypoactivity .
... |
the royal society academia - industry international conference 2014 focussed on the topic of gpcr structure , function , drug discovery and crystallography and was held on september 12 in chicheley hall , uk .
this conference brought together 20 renowned experts in gpcr research and drug discovery spanning europe , ... | g - protein coupled receptors ( gpcrs ) are the targets of over half of all prescribed drugs today .
the uniprot database has records for about 800 proteins classified as gpcrs , but drugs have only been developed against 50 of these .
thus , there is huge potential in terms of the number of targets for new therapi... |
the most significant and debilitating complication of herpes zoster is herpetic neuralgia that accompanies and may persist in 10 - 15% of all zoster patients , particularly those over 60 years of age .
herpes zoster ( hz ) , a sporadic infection with an estimated lifetime risk of 10 - 20% , occurs in all age groups ,... | the most significant and debilitating complication of herpes zoster ( hz ) is herpetic neuralgia that accompanies and may persist in 10 - 15% of all zoster patients , particularly those over 60 years of age .
the described 3 cases had an uncommon complication of spontaneous tooth exfoliation after trigeminal hz that ... |
the main and ultimate goal of nursing services is to provide the clients with quality care in order to improve the outcomes of the services given to the patients and society .
nurses , as the major force of treatment and care team in educational and treatment centers , should be accountable for the quality of the car... | background : high level of stress in intensive care unit nurses affects the quality of their nursing care .
therefore , this study aimed to determine the effects of a stress management program on the quality of nursing care of intensive care unit nurses.materials and methods : this study is a randomized clinical tria... |
improvement of respiratory support and pharmacotherapy for heart failure has brought extension of life span to patients with duchenne muscular dystrophy ( dmd ) . however , the incidence of cardiomyopathy increases with age ; 100% of patients have cardiac involvement by adulthood.1 some kinds of arrhythmia cause fatal ... | a 32-year - old man with duchenne muscular dystrophy ( dmd ) was admitted to the hospital because of worsening dyspnea and general fatigue .
he had received medication therapy for cardiomyopathy with heart failure and home mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure .
an electrocardiogram on admission showed int... |
supplementary material is available for this article at 10.1007/s13659 - 011 - 0031 - 7 and is accessible for authorized users .
| three new ent - kauranoids , isorosthornins a - c ( 13 ) , and a new natural product , dihydroponicidin ( 4 ) , together with five known ones were isolated from the aerial parts of isodon rosthornii .
the structures were determined by means of extensive spectroscopic analysis . all diterpenoids isolated were evaluate... |
since the early 1980s an intensive clinical research on larynx preservation has been exploring potential reliable alternatives to mutilating surgery defined as the complete removal of the voice box ( i.e. a total laryngectomy ) .
combined chemotherapy and radiation therapy have played a major role in this clinical re... | over the past decades , randomized clinical trials have assessed and validated the concept of larynx preservation .
this new concept has obviously modified the treatment algorithm for laryngopharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma .
however surgery for larynx and hypopharynx cancer remains indicated in many cases .
in... |
nowadays , many different extensions of fss are known : l - fuzzy sets ( l - fss ) , interval - valued fuzzy sets ( ivfss ) , vague sets ( vss ) , intuitionistic fuzzy sets ( ifss ) , interval - valued intuitionistic fuzzy sets ( ivifss ) , linguistic fuzzy sets ( lfss ) , type-2 fuzzy sets ( t2fss ) , type - n fuzzy s... | the main goal of this contribution is to introduce the concept of higher order hesitant fuzzy soft set as an extension of fuzzy soft set that encompasses most of the existing extensions of fuzzy soft set as special cases .
furthermore , this new concept provides us with a method for dealing with multicriteria fuzzy d... |
this study supports the main characteristics of a new genus
gabonibacter timonensis strain marseille - p3388 ( csur p3388 ) ; a new member of the gabonibacter genus and porphyromonadaceae family , that was isolated from a stool sample of a healthy 47-year - old pygmy woman . | |
two forms ( genetic and sporadic ) of alzheimer s disease involve main common events : neuronal damage and amyloid plaques accumulation in the human brain .
neuronal changes in the end - stage patient brain are diffuse and widespread and neuropathological autopsy findings include significant neuron death
an interes... | the development of neuronal death and amyloid plaques is a characteristic feature of ischemic- and alzheimer - type dementia .
an important aspect of neuronal loss and amyloid plaques are their topography and neuropathogenesis .
this review was performed to present the hypothesis that different fragments of blood -... |
laser in situ keratomileusis ( lasik ) is the most common and popular procedure performed for the correction of refractive errors in the last two decades .
we report a case of traumatic flap displacement with flap folding which occurred 3 years after lasik was performed .
previous literature suggests that vision pr... | backgroundlaser in situ keratomileusis ( lasik ) is the most common and popular procedure performed for the correction of refractive errors in the last two decades .
we report a case of traumatic flap displacement with flap folding which occurred 3 years after lasik was performed .
previous literature suggests that... |
hereditary angioedema ( hae ) is an autosomal dominant disease characterized by recurrent episodes of potentially life - threatening angioedema ( 1 ) .
the clinical features of the disease include recurrent nonpruritic edema of skin and submucosal tissues associated with pain syndromes , nausea , vomiting , diarrhea ... | we describe a patient with hereditary angioedema type i. the patient had experienced recurrent abdominal pain around the time of her menstrual period for 13 years .
a laboratory examination showed reduced functional and antigenic levels of c4 and c1 inhibitor ( c1-inh ) . to establish a diagnosis
, we carried out a... |
developmental dysplasia of hip ( ddh ) is a common condition presenting to a pediatric orthopedic surgeon .
early management is of utmost importance to achieve normal development of hip and prevent residual acetabular dysplasia ( rad ) . in infants below 6 months of age , pavlik harness is the gold standard of treatm... | background : developmental dysplasia of hip ( ddh ) is a common condition presenting to a pediatric orthopedic surgeon .
there is a consensus on the surgical treatment of children with ages ranged from 18 to 24 months where majority agree on open reduction and hip spica .
open reduction was done with an additional ... |
osteoarthritis ( oa ) is a chronic degenerative disorder of multifactorial etiology characterized by the loss of articular cartilage , hypertrophy of bone at the margins , subchondral sclerosis , and range of biochemical and morphological alterations of the synovial membrane and joint capsule.1 pathological changes in ... | background : among the chronic rheumatic diseases , hip and knee osteoarthritis ( oa ) is the most prevalent and is a leading cause of pain and disability in most countries worldwide .
its prevalence increases with age and generally affects women more frequently than men .
oa is strongly associated with aging and h... |
in the united states , 4 to 5 million patients undergo abdominal operations each year .
, 5% of the general population has an umbilical or epigastric hernia , making ventral hernia repair one of the most commonly performed surgical procedures . approximately 90 000
this is attributed to a variety of reasons , inclu... | introduction : ventral hernias are common surgical problems in the geriatric population .
although ventral hernias are electively repaired in younger patients , the safety and efficacy of elective laparoscopic hernia repair in the geriatric age group is not well documented in the literature.methods:a review of 155 pa... |
west nile virus ( wnv ) is an arthropod borne neurotropic single stranded rna flavivirus .
the virus is introduced into the host by the vector ( culex mosquito ) during its blood meal .
wnv originated in the middle east and africa but in recent years has reached the united states . from 1999 to 2011 , a total of 31... | west nile virus ( wnv ) is an arthropod borne neurotropic single stranded rna flavivirus with < 1% developing presenting with neurological disease .
immunocompromised and elderly patients are more prone to developing wnv meningitis or encephalitis .
definitive diagnosis of wnv meningoencephalitis is a combination o... |
bariatric surgery still remains the most effective treatment for morbid obesity , leading to a reduction of comorbidities in the long term .
roux - en - y - gastric bypass ( rygb ) is one of the most frequently performed procedures in the united states and is also widely practiced in europe [ 24 ] .
calcium and vit... | background . calcium malabsorption after bariatric surgery may be harmful to skeletal health and demands for optimal skeletal management .
methods .
103 patients were evaluated retrospectively at 12 months after surgery .
the evaluation included a questionnaire about stool frequency and consistency and laboratory... |
imaging findings , even with computed tomography ( ct ) , of such tumors are rarely described in literature .
f-18 fluorodeoxy glucose positron emission tomography / computed tomography ( f-18 fdg pet / ct ) is emerging as a useful modality in assessment of genito - urinary malignancies .
f-18 fdg pet / ct findings... | penile cancer is a rare entity accounting for only 0.4% all male malignancies .
penile leiomyosarcomas are even rarer with only around 35 cases reported in literature .
we report a rare case of penile leiomyosarcoma illustrating f-18 fluorodeoxy glucose ( fdg ) positron emission tomography / computed tomography ( p... |
imaging characteristics are usually helpful in the differentiation of various cardiac masses with high probability .
the differential diagnosis of aortic thrombus like tumor and vegetation is crucial for avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention .
non - invasive imaging methods would be useful in the diagnosis of ... | the differential diagnosis of cardiac mass is important in determining the therapeutic plan and avoiding unnecessary surgical intervention .
non - invasive imaging methods would be useful in the diagnosis of suspected cardiac mass , because they may provide earlier diagnosis and more accurate assessment of cardiac ma... |
as with nearly every technological advance , the development of genomics holds out the promise of fruitful military applications .
mehlman and li persuasively and , i believe , correctly argue that the appropriate bioethical framework for the use of genomic science by the military should be derived primarily from t... | mehlman and li offer a framework for approaching the bioethical issues raised by the military use of genomics that is compellingly grounded in both the contemporary civilian and military ethics of medical research , arguing that military commanders must be bound by the two principles of paternalism and proportionality ... |
larvae were collected opportunistically from tammany creek , nez perce co. , i d ( 46 21.51.51 n , 117 03.32.05 w ) , a perennial , undammed creek approximately 13 m in width and roughly 10 km in length .
tammany creek drains into the snake river approximately 770 km from the confluence of the snake and columbia r... | organisms in the order odonata are highly predatory insects that have a wide distribution globally . to date , there has been zero evidence that odonates employ luring as a means of prey acquisition .
however , in this study , we show that aeshna palmata larvae use abdominal movements to lure larval argia vivida , su... |
the cerebral cortex of mammals , including humans , displays oscillatory spindle activity ( 1015 hz ) across the lifespan . in adults , sleep spindles , a specific type of spindle activity , occur exclusively during non - rem sleep [ 14 ] and have been implicated in memory retention and skill learning [ 57 ] . in huma... | sleep spindles are brief cortical oscillations at 1015 hz that occur predominantly during non - rem ( quiet ) sleep in adult mammals and are thought to contribute to learning and memory .
spindle bursts are phenomenologically similar to sleep spindles , but they occur predominantly in early infancy and are triggered... |
this malignancy is a public health burden in most industrialized countries and a most common cause of cancer - related deaths in the world ( 2 ) .
the incidence and mortality rate of this cancer is increasing in iran and it is predicted that iranian population may be experiencing an acceleration of its burden in futu... | background : colorectal cancer ( crc ) is a common malignancyworldwide and its outcome is most closely related to the extent of disease at presentation .
early diagnosis of an asymptomatic recurrence increases the likelihood of a complete surgical resection.objectives:the aim of this study was to evaluate the inciden... |
with their improved esthetics , physical properties , better bonding systems , curing refinements , and environmental concerns , resin composites are now widely used for the direct restoration of both anterior and posterior teeth rather than amalgam .
resin composites have been classified according to various charact... | objective : the aim was to evaluate the color and surface roughness of nanoparticle ( c1 ) and nanohybrid ( c2 ) composites after immersion in distilled water , acai juice , grape juice and red wine and repolishing.materials and methods : after recording the initial surface roughness and color , the specimens were divi... |
as the leading cause of death in korea , cancer has been the country s major public health concern since 1983 .
over 210,000 patients were newly diagnosed with cancer in korea , and one in four deaths is due to cancer . although the cancer registration system in korea is highly efficient and can provide nationwide ca... | purposefor estimation of korea s current cancer burden , this study aimed to report on the projected cancer incidence and mortality rates for the year 2015 . materials and methodscancer
incidence data from 1999 to 2012 were obtained from the korea national cancer incidence database , and cancer mortality data from 19... |
it occurs in a wide segment of society , from people who react to life conditions in a well - adjusted way , to people who have severe mental disorders .
people who attempt suicide may truly desire to die , or this behavior may just be a response to pain , despair , and hopelessness a cry for help .
the world heal... | backgroundthe aim of this study was to determine the demographic and sociocultural characteristics of suicide attempts by using data from the turkish statistical institute .
it is our intent that the work data may contribute to the national suicide data and the development of suicide prevention policies.material/meth... |
cystic fibrosis ( cf ) is a common autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by mutation in the cf transmembrane conductance regulatory ( cftr ) gene . missing or defective cftr gene products in patients with cf lead to multiorgan dysfunctions such as severe lung disease , pancreas dysfunction and elevated sweat chlor... | objectivecystic fibrosis ( cf ) is a common autosomal recessive genetic disease caused by a mutation in the cf transmembrane conductance regulatory ( cftr ) gene .
this study attempted to identify the most common cftr mutations and any correlations between certain mutations and the clinical presentation of the diseas... |
crystal induced acute kidney injury ( c - aki ) is a recent cause of acute kidney injury ( aki ) in intensive care units ( icus ) .
indeed , cholesterol embolism , oxalate , uric acid , phosphate , and many medications ( sulfadiazine , acyclovir , indinavir , triamterene , methotrexate , orlistat , oral sodium phosph... | acute phosphate nephropathy or nephrocalcinosis is a tubulointerstitial nephropathy characterized by tubular calcium phosphate deposition crystal nephropathy and slowly progressive renal insufficiency during or following treatment with preparations containing sodium phosphate .
we report a patient who developed nep... |
the study population was drawn from the 2002 nsfg , a periodic survey designed and administered by the national center for health statistics ( nchs ) .
national estimates of factors affecting pregnancy and birth rates , particularly contraceptive use and pregnancy , with oversampling of african american women , latin... | objectiveto examine contraceptive practices among diabetic women and obese women.research design and methodswe analyzed the responses of 5,955 participants aged 2044 years in the 2002 national survey for family growth .
diabetes , bmi , desire for pregnancy , history of infertility treatment , sexual activity , parit... |
manganeseoxidizing bacteria oxidize mn to form insoluble mn and/or mn oxides , and this far best studied bacterial species have been isolated from manganesecontaining environments such as mnoxide encrusted pipelines , manganesecontaining water pipes and aquifers , as well as from marine sediments ( schweisfurth , 1973 ... | summarymanganese ( ii ) and manganeseoxidizing bacteria were used as an efficient biological system for the degradation of the xenoestrogen 17ethinylestradiol ( ee2 ) at trace concentrations .
mn2+derived higher oxidation states of mn ( mn3 + , mn4 + ) by mn2+oxidizing bacteria mediate the oxidative cleavage of the p... |
ankle arthrodesis has long been the traditional operative treatment for posttraumatic ankle arthritis , rheumatoid arthritis ( ra ) , infection , neuromuscular conditions , and salvage of failed total ankle arthroplasty.123 ankle fusion remains the treatment of choice for patients in whom heavy , and prolonged activity... | background : ankle arthrodesis has long been the traditional operative treatment for posttraumatic arthritis , rheumatoid arthritis , infection , neuromuscular conditions , and salvage of failed ankle arthroplasty .
it remains the treatment of choice for patients in whom heavy and prolonged activity is anticipated . ... |
melanoacanthoma is a benign and uncommon pigmented mucocutaneous lesion characterized by dendritic melanocytes dispersed throughout the epithelium .
published the first retrospective review of 10 cases of oral melanoacanthoma reported in the literature in 1983 .
oral melanoacanthoma usually occurs on the buccal muc... | gingival melanoacanthoma is a rare , benign pigmented lesion characterized clinically by sudden onset and rapid growth of a macular brown black lesion and histologically by acanthosis of superficial epithelium and proliferation of dendritic melanocytes .
this article reports a previously undescribed case of pigmented... |
crystal engineering the
rational design of crystalline molecular
solids remains an important challenge for chemistry .
crystal structure prediction is not yet feasible
in all cases , and it is therefore useful
to develop motifs which allow families of structures to be generated
in a reliable fashion .
t... | previous
work has shown that certain steroidal bis-(n - phenyl)ureas ,
derived from cholic acid , form crystals in the p61 space group with unusually wide unidimensional
pores .
a key feature of the nanoporous steroidal urea ( npsu ) structure
is that groups at either end of the steroid are directed into the ... |
surgery is currently the only available cure for primary hyperparathyroidism ( php ) . in selected patients , minimally invasive parathyroidectomy ( mip ) offers the benefits of decreased morbidity and shorter hospital stay ; hence , it is increasingly replacing the traditional bilateral neck exploration ( bne ) and fo... | background . minimally invasive
parathyroidectomy ( mip ) is increasingly replacing the traditional bilateral neck exploration in the treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism ( php ) .
intraoperative pth ( iopth ) measurement has recently been introduced as a useful adjunct in confirming successful excision of abno... |
inequities in the health status are global problem , equally affecting reach and poor countries ( 1 ) and numerous attempts to quantify economic impact of health inequities have shown significant opportunities for savings if these inequities are reduced ( 2 ) , such as calculations that lost lives due to inequities in ... | introduction : studying self - reported health is considered an indicator for morbidity and mortality that may be used in primary health care to detect poor health in certain population groups that predicts health care utilization.goal:the goal of the survey is to assess the socioeconomic self - rated health gradient a... |
they are formed in the bone marrow and continuously enter the blood circulation , where they constitute 4% of the total leukocyte population in mice and 10% in humans . in human peripheral blood , three functionally different subsets of monocytes have been identified and characterized based on their expression of surfa... | blood monocytes are precursors of dendritic cells , macrophages , and osteoclasts .
they are a heterogeneous cell population with differences in size , phenotype , and function .
although monocytes maintain several tissue - specific populations of immune cells in homeostasis , their contribution to populations of d... |
autonomic modulation is the ability of the autonomic nervous system ( ans ) to respond to stimuli , both internal and external , in order to maintain homeostasis .
this system is divided into two branches : the parasympathetic ( psns ) and sympathetic nervous system ( sns ) .
both branches affect heart rate ( hr ) ... | background : spectral analysis of autonomic nervous system activity can provide insight into cardiovascular function . rate pressure product is the parameter often targeted pharmacologically to decrease the incidence of myocardial events.aim:the purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not tai chi chuan prac... |
prostate cancer ( pc ) is one of the most common cancers at present in the male population .
the number of diagnosed cases has risen predominantly due to the development of health care and the improvement of prevention and diagnostic methods , and , furthermore , presents an increasing tendency in poland .
the numb... | introductionprostrate cancer ( pc ) is one of the most common malignancies and is frequently treated with an 8-week course of radiotherapy .
cyberknife ( ck ) based radioablation enables completion of therapy within 5 - 9 days .
the aim of this study is an evaluation of the effectiveness and tolerance of cyberknife... |
the chemokine proteins are a class of small molecules that play a significant role in leukocyte trafficking during immune response ( 1 ) .
ccr1 , as one of the chemokine receptors , is expressed on a number of human cells such as monocytes , macrophages , dendritic cells , and t cells ( 2).a large number of studies h... | background and purpose of the studya quantitative structure activity relationship ( qsar ) model based on artificial neural networks ( ann ) was developed to study the activities of 29 derivatives of 3-amino-4-(2-(2-(4-benzylpiperazin-1-yl)-2-oxoethoxy ) phenylamino ) cyclobutenedione as c - c chemokine receptor type 1... |
chip was performed using tagged tap - abp1 and tap - cbh1 strains with an anti - calmodulin binding protein antibody ( millipore ) and a polyclonal serum against the native sap1 protein9 .
high throughput sequencing was performed on the illumina g2 genome analyzer , and analyzed for polymorphism detection or statisti... | centromere - binding protein b ( cenp - b ) is a widely conserved dna binding factor associated with heterochromatin and centromeric satellite repeats1 . in fission yeast , cenp - b homologs
have been shown to silence long terminal repeat ( ltr ) retrotransposons by recruiting histone deacetylases2 .
however , cenp... |
polycystic ovary syndrome ( pcos ) is a common endocrine disorder in women at reproductive age ( 1 , 2 ) .
pcos is diagnosed with oligomenorrhea and/or anovulation as well as clinical and/or biochemical hyperandrogenemia with / without ultrasonographic evidence of polycystic ovaries .
the diagnosis is made after ex... | background : mean platelet volume ( mpv ) is generally accepted as a new marker of cardiovascular disease risk in several studies.objectives:this study aimed to determine the association of mpv with androgen hormones and insulin resistance ( ir ) in nonobese patients with polycystic ovary syndrome ( pcos).patients and ... |
dyskeratosis congenita ( dc ) is an inherited disorder with progressive multi - system involvement leading to bone marrow failure ( bmf ) , squamous cell carcinoma , pulmonary fibrosis ( pf ) , etc .
liver transplantation ( lt ) for cirrhosis secondary to dc has not been reported previously and we describe here the p... | dyskeratosis congenita ( dc ) is an inherited disorder with progressive multisystem involvement .
end stage liver disease ( esld ) in patients with dc is rare .
we describe the perioperative management of a patient with dc induced esld and severe hepatopulmonary syndrome for living donor liver transplantation . |
osteoarthritis ( oa ) is the most common chronic joint disorder , and it causes detrimental
effects on the quality of life and functional status .
these are characterized by
progressively occurring cartilage destruction , osteophyte formation , and subchondral
sclerosis1 , 2 .
the histopathological findings o... | [ purpose ] to assess the effects of different numbers of platelet - rich plasma ( prp )
applications on pain and physical function in grade 3 knee osteoarthritis ( oa ) .
[ subjects
and methods ] a total of 102 patients with grade 3 knee oa were randomly divided into three
groups : group 1 received a single in... |
samples from 96 birds ( 41 wild ducks , 29 chickens , 23 ducks , and 3 geese ) were collected from the padmachar area of rajshahi district during january 2009 . in this area ,
a lake hosts several thousand wintering wild birds ; that lake also is frequented by poultry from surrounding households .
each fecal sample... | multidrug resistance was found in 22.7% of escherichia coli isolates from bird samples in bangladesh ; 30% produced extended - spectrum -lactamases , including clones of ctx - m genes among wild and domestic birds .
unrestricted use of antimicrobial drugs in feed for domestic birds and the spread of resistance genes ... |
behcet s disease ( bd ) is a chronic autoimmune / inflammatory disorder characterized by recurrent orogenital ulcers , cutaneous inflammation , and uveitis .
in addition to its typical mucocutaneous and ocular manifestations , bd targets the musculoskeletal , vascular , nervous , and gastrointestinal systems.13 the p... | backgroundhla - b*51 has been universally associated with behcet s disease ( bd ) susceptibility , while different alleles of hla - a have also been identified as independent bd susceptibility loci in various ethnic populations .
the objective of this study was to investigate associations of hla - a and -b alleles wi... |
in 2000 , there were an estimated 151 million cases of type 2 diabetes worldwide .
this figure increased to 285 million in 2010 , and it is predicted that 438 million people will suffer from diabetes by 2030.1 type 2 diabetes stems from interactions between genetics , behavior and environment .
the genetic basis ... | objectives : to investigate gender - specific relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and factors that predict the development of diabetes and to identify the risk factors that predict fasting plasma glucose and 2-hour plasma glucose levels.introduction:different risk factors ( e.g. , low cardiorespiratory fitn... |
cardiovascular effects of tobacco smoking are primarily attributed to the presence of nicotine in cigarettes .
this alkaloid may promote decrease in baroreflex sensitivity , increase in heart rate and blood pressure , atherosclerosis , coronary heart disease , and myocardial infarction .
nicotine potentiates sympat... | considering that nicotine instantly interacts with central and peripheral nervous systems promoting cardiovascular effects after tobacco smoking , we evaluated the modulation of glutamate , tyrosine hydroxylase ( th ) , neuropeptide y ( npy ) , and substance p ( sp ) in nodose / petrosal and superior cervical ganglia ,... |
a 167 cm , 65 kg , male patient at the age of 27 was observed in the neurosurgery department for a linear fracture at the temporal bone caused by a motorcycle accident that had taken place 11 days before the operation and a tiny amount of subarachnoid hemorrhage corresponding to grade 1 of the hunt and hess grading sys... | the infiltration of dilute epinephrine solution has been used for many years to provide hemostasis . however , epinephrine has adverse cardiovascular effects , such as arrhythmia , pulmonary edema , and even cardiac arrest .
we have experienced epinephrine - induced cardiovascular crisis , with severe hypertension , ... |
mr imaging and mr spectroscopy were performed twice in 10 c - peptide negative , nonsmoking patients with type 1 diabetes ( five male ) using insulin treatment by insulin pump therapy ( continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion ) .
one study was done after a 3-day period in which subjects aimed at optimal blood gluco... | objective to evaluate the effects of hyperglycemia due to partial insulin deprivation on myocardial triglyceride ( tg ) content and myocardial function in patients with type 1 diabetes.research design and methods myocardial and hepatic tg content and left ventricular ( lv ) function were measured by magnetic resonanc... |
c h functionalization
logic is rapidly permeating the way
organic chemists approach synthesis and deconstruct target molecules .
with methodological advances developing at an increasing pace ,
new
disconnections and strategies once thought impossible are now available
for consideration during synthesis pla... | the
application of c h functionalization logic to target - oriented
synthesis provides an exciting new venue for the development of new
and useful strategies in organic chemistry . in this article , c
h
functionalization reactions are explored as an alternative approach
to access pseudodimeric cyclobutane ... |
regular engagement in social activities is an important component of successful aging . having family and friends to spend time with helps people to find their social identity and purpose in life .
social activity starts with the family at home and goes beyond to schools , work , clubs , community , and faith - orie... | in old age , social groups can be a crucial component for health and well - being . in 2009 - 2010 ,
a follow - up survey was carried out in florianpolis , brazil to understand the impact of a variety of programs established since 2002 that were designed to enhance social activities among the older adult population .... |
for almost six decades , the scientist practitioner ( s p ) model or
accredited programmes in counselling psychology encompass training experience in the science of psychology , theoretical foundations and in the application of practice skills and research .
training focuses on personal and interpersonal function... | this paper discusses the distinctive nature of the specialism of counselling psychology and outlines the development of the discipline in ireland in the context of international developments and its recognition as a professional branch of applied psychology .
today , counselling psychologists are employed in varied c... |
in patients with bladder outlet obstruction ( boo ) due to benign prostatic hyperplasia ( bph ) , transurethral resection of the prostate ( turp ) has long been considered a standard treatment regimen . in 1995 ,
gilling first introduced holmium laser prostatectomy for the treatment of bph . since then , holmium lase... | purposewe developed an inverse technique for tissue morcellation by modifying the conventional upward technique and then examined its safety and efficiency.materials and methodsfrom july 2008 to december 2010 , a total of 389 consecutive patients treated with holmium laser enucleation of the prostate ( holep ) were enr... |
you work in the neurological intensive care unit ( icu ) and you are managing a patient who suffered a subarachnoid bleed and , despite appropriate therapy , is left with significant neurological impairment . you have weaned the patient appropriately on the ventilator and you feel that they are strong enough to tolerat... | most clinical trials on the topic of extubation have involved patients outside the neurological intensive care unit . as a result , in this area
clinicians are left with little evidence on which to base their decision making . although tracheostomies are increasingly common procedures , they are not without complicat... |
the choledochal cyst can be defined as a congenital anomaly of the biliary system , characterized by cystic dilatation of the intrahepatic duct and the extrahepatic biliary tree individually , or cystic dilatation of both these parts simultaneously .
it has been reported that the incidence of choledochal cyst in west... | in cholangiographic techniques , the close relationship between choledochal cyst and anomalous union of pancreaticobiliary duct has attracted medical attention .
there have been rare cases in which the papilla of vater was found in a position other than its normal position , and such cases have been reported sporadic... |
a patient with decreased vision underwent complete ophthalmologic examination , ultrasound biomicroscopy , fluorescein and indocyanine green ( icg ) angiography .
the patient presented a nodule of the iris of the os and of the optic nerves of both eyes .
fluorescein and icg angiography are the only objective exa... | purposeto report a case with anterior and posterior nodules associated with systemic sarcoidosis.methodsa patient with decreased vision underwent complete ophthalmologic examination , ultrasound biomicroscopy , fluorescein and indocyanine green ( icg ) angiography.resultsthe patient presented a nodule of the iris of th... |
we suggest that bmp-9 has a regenerative role in the human liver . in favor of its establishment in diss s spaces and
supported additionally by presence of bmp-9 s receptors on the surface of human hepatocytes , we have reason to believe that bmp-9 exerts the same effects on hepatocytes themselves . our hypothesis is... | summarybone morphogenetic protein-9 ( bmp-9 ) is a member of the transforming growth factor beta ( tgf- ) superfamily of cytokines , which regulate cell growth and differentiation during embryogenesis .
apart of that , the hypoglycemic potential of bmp-9 is of great interest .
it has been confirmed that bmp-9 , lik... |
human noroviruses ( novs ) are a primary cause of viral gastroenteritis throughout the world ( siebenga et al .
2009 ) , and the principle cause of foodborne illness in europe ( kroneman et al . 2008 ; phillips et al . 2010 ) and the united states ( mead et al . 1999 ; scallan et al . 2011 ) . the number of estimated... | the inability to propagate human norovirus ( nov ) or to clearly differentiate infectious from noninfectious virus particles has led to the use of surrogate viruses , like feline calicivirus ( fcv ) and murine norovirus-1 ( mnv ) , which are propagatable in cell culture .
the use of surrogates is predicated on the as... |
sjgren 's syndrome ( ss ) is the second most common systemic autoimmune disease ( after rheumatoid arthritis , ra ) , with a prevalence of about 0.5% in the general population .
it occurs primarily in perimenopausal women ( at a ratio of women to men of 9 : 1 ) [ 1 , 2 ] .
key features of the disease include infi... | we aimed to summarize the current evidence related to the contributory role of genetic factors in the pathogenesis of sjgren 's syndrome ( ss ) and ss - related lymphoma .
genes within the major histocompatibility complex ( mhc ) locus previously considered conferring increased susceptibility to ss development have b... |
approximately 25% of patients with localized breast cancer and without axillary lymph node involvement will suffer from a systemic relapse despite successful treatment of the primary tumor .
hence , micrometastatic hematogenous spread appears to be independent from lymphatic involvement and the disease must have the ... | purposedisseminated tumor cells ( dtcs ) from bone marrow ( bm ) are a surrogate of minimal residual disease ( mrd ) in primary breast cancer ( pbc ) patients and associated with an adverse prognosis .
however , bm sampling is an invasive procedure . although there is growing evidence that circulating tumor cells ( c... |
hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid abnormalities are classified into three forms : primary , secondary , and tertiary .
parathyroid adenoma accounts for about 85% of all cases of hyperparathyroidism , considering all the forms : primary , secondary and tertiary .
other less prevalent causes include parathyroid ... | primary hyperparathyroidism ( phpt ) is not an uncommon endocrine disorder .
however , acute primary hyperparathyroidism , or parathyroid crisis ( pc ) , is a rare clinical entity characterized by life - threatening hypercalcemia of a sudden onset in patients with phpt .
we describe a patient with pc who presented ... |
they are also
known as " ambu " , which is the trademark of a resuscitator and the term used as a
synonym for mr by professionals in brazil and other countries .
being used in icus in order optimize oxygenation and facilitate the
removal of secretion in patients on invasive mechanical ventilation , mrs are also... | objective : to evaluate the performance of manual resuscitators ( mrs ) used in brazil in
accordance with international standards .
methods : using a respiratory system simulator , four volunteer physiotherapists
employed eight mrs ( five produced in brazil and three produced abroad ) ,
which were tested for in... |
his smoking history was 20 pack - years , and there was no specific past medical history .
the patient s review of symptoms was normal except for hoarseness , and there were no abnormal findings on the physical examination , laboratory data , or chest radiography .
no abnormal findings were detected on the vocal co... | paratracheal air cysts are a rare entity in which cystic formation occurs adjacent to the trachea .
most patients with paratracheal air cysts are asymptomatic , and the cysts are detected incidentally on chest radiograph or computed tomography ( ct ) scan .
most symptomatic patients complain of pulmonary symptoms o... |
its ease of use and patient tolerance has made it popular among gastroenterologists and patients alike .
currently , capsule endoscopy is most commonly used to evaluate obscure gastrointestinal bleeding , but its indications are broadening .
various reports have described the capsule becoming impacted or retained i... | video capsule endoscopy is now a first - line tool in evaluating and diagnosing gastrointestinal bleeding , inflammatory bowel disease , and small bowel neoplasms .
capsule nonpassage or retention is an uncommon but clinically significant occurrence .
how to best retrieve these retained capsules is currently being ... |
since the 1950s , the global health community has focused on eradication campaign to eliminate malaria and malaria related death all over the world .
but it failed globally because of some problems including the lack of innovative research and leaderships , the resistance of mosquitoes to insecticides used to kill th... | background . to control the malaria mortality ,
the global and national communities have worked together and produced impressive results in the world .
some of the asian counties ' malaria mortality rate is more compared to countries with high health facilities around the world .
this paper 's main aim is to desc... |
depression has a high prevalence of symptoms related to social , physical , and neurophysiological factors.1 cognition is a function that is altered in depression and has received increasing interest.2 neurophysiological changes that occur in depressive states , such as prefrontal cortex and cingulate activation , are ... | objective : the goal of this study was to assess the acute effect of physical exercise on the cognitive function of depressed elderly patients in a dual - task experiment.introduction:physical exercise has a positive effect on the brain and may even act as a treatment for major depressive disorder .
however , the eff... |
beauty depends on size as well as symmetry symmetry is an important concept in biology , being related to health , mate selection strategies , and ultimately the survival of the species . while deviations from symmetry are critical perceptual units in detecting the appearance of health , the natural subtle asymmetry o... | congenital hemihyperplasia is a rare developmental disorder characterized by unilateral overgrowth of one or more body parts resulting in marked asymmetry .
we are reporting here , a case of true hemifacial hypertrophy in a young female adult highlighting the clinical features and possible treatment options . |
cranioplasty is a common , but formidable surgical procedure for neurosurgeons , in patients with scalp and/or calvarial defects .
there is evidence of cranioplasty having been performed by several early cultures , including pre - columbian incans , using gold or silver plates , and by neolithic celts using bone
ro... | cranioplasty is a common , but formidable surgical procedure for neurosurgeons , in patients with scalp and / or calvarial defects .
this procedure can be simple or complex .
the main objectives of cranioplasty are : to achieve primary wound healing , obliterate dead space , and seal off sterile cranial areas from ... |
traditionally , the assessment of metabolic acidosis and alkalosis relies on measurement of the base excess , which is the difference between the ' ideal ' buffer base ( i.e. the sum of the negatively charged forms of weak acids , [ a ] + [ hco3 ] + [ h2po4 ] , at standard conditions ( ph 7.4 , temperature 37c , part... | the plasmatic strong ion difference ( sid ) is the difference between positively and negatively charged strong ions . at ph 7.4 , temperature 37c and partial carbon dioxide tension 40 mmhg ,
the ideal value of sid is 42 meq / l .
the buffer base is the sum of negatively charged weak acids ( [ hco3- ] , [ a- ] , [ h... |
thermal injury to living tissue is known to begin at 42. lethal exposure times at this temperature range from 3 to 50 hours , depending on the tissue involved ( 26 ) . at temperatures over 43 ,
lethal exposure times decrease exponentially ; at 46 , 8 minutes ' exposure is enough to cause cell death . at temperatures ... | although surgical resection remains the best option as potentially curative therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma , radiofrequency thermal ablation has begun to receive much attention as an effective minimally invasive technique for the local control of unresectable malignant hepatic tumors .
most recent radiofrequenc... |
the best - characterized mutations of egfr conferring sensitivity to egfr - tyrosine kinase inhibitors ( tki ) in non - small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) are deletions in exon 19 ( del 19 ) and point mutations in exon 21 ( l858r ) .
conversely , the most common mutation conferring resistance to egfr - tki is the exon ... | the pretreatment detection of an activating mutation of egfr is now routinely performed in metastatic nonsquamous non - small cell lung cancer ( nsclc ) .
the therapeutic impact of such a detection is major , as patients with advanced nsclc exhibiting a mutation of exon 19 or 21 will benefit from egfr - tyrosine kina... |
one of the most serious complications of chronic liver disease is hepatocellular carcinoma . across the world , it is the 4th most common cancer ( age standardised rate of 16 per 100,000 ) and the 3rd most common cause ( age standardised rate of 14.6 per 100,000 ) of deaths from all cancers , accounting for 700,000 dea... | hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most serious complications of chronic liver disease and is the third most lethal cancer worldwide .
symptoms emerge very late in the course of its natural history with an attendant poor outcome .
screening is of paramount importance in a successful strategy to treat hepatocell... |
striking differences between physics and biology have important implications for interdisciplinary science , technology , engineering , and mathematics ( stem ) education .
the research group in which i work , the center for nonlinear dynamics at the university of texas at austin , is converting into the physics depa... | everyone loves stem , the acronym for science , technology , engineering , and mathematics , that sits in every call to improve u.s . competitiveness . but hidden within science
are many different ways of thinking and acting , and unless we protect them separately , the whole scientific enterprise may be at risk . |
atherosclerosis is a serious chronic inflammatory disease of a multifactorial nature , characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of the arterial walls associated with the presence of atheromas ( 1 - 7 ) .
atheromas are calcified plaques especially composed of lipids and fibrous tissue , which are deposited o... | background : carotid artery calcification may be related to cerebrovascular accident , which may result in death or physical and mental disabilities in survivors.objectives:our purpose is to study the association of carotid artery calcification ( cac ) on dental panoramic radiographs and two risk factors of cerebrovasc... |
the combined capabilities of both
a nonplanar design and nonconventional
carrier injection mechanisms are subject to recent scientific investigations
to overcome the limitations of silicon metal oxide semiconductor field
effect transistors . in this letter
, we present a multimode field effect
transistors d... | |
additional information about laboratory methods , study participants , and statistical analysis can be found in the supplementary data .
hs - crp level was assessed in plasma from 750 patients : 540 with a confirmed genetic diagnosis of mody ( 220 hnf1a , 245 gck , 54 hnf4a , and 21 hnf1b ) , 53 patients with type 1 ... | objectivematurity - onset diabetes of the young ( mody ) as a result of mutations in hepatocyte nuclear factor 1- ( hnf1a ) is often misdiagnosed as type 1 diabetes or type 2 diabetes .
recent work has shown that high - sensitivity c - reactive protein ( hs - crp ) levels are lower in hnf1a - mody than type 1 diabete... |
tissue homeostasis is characterized by the balance between proliferation and cell growth on one side and cell death on the other side . in response to stressful stimuli ,
however , in cancer cells activation of pathways that favor cell survival instead of cell death under stressful conditions may contribute to tumori... | one of the hallmarks of human cancers is the intrinsic or acquired resistance to apoptosis .
evasion of apoptosis can be part of a cellular stress response to ensure the cell 's survival upon exposure to stressful stimuli .
apoptosis resistance may contribute to carcinogenesis , tumor progression , and also treatme... |
drug hypersensitivity syndrome ( dhs ) , also known as drug rash with eosinophilia and systemic symptoms ( dress ) , is a severe drug reaction .
the syndrome can also be caused by other drugs , such as allopurinol , sulfonamides , beta - lactam antimicrobials , antidepressants , and nonsteroidal anti - inflammatory d... | allopurinol hypersensitivity syndrome ( ahs ) is a severe drug reaction .
it is characterized by rash , fever , and internal organ involvement .
it may present in different clinical forms .
we present a case of acute generalized exanthematous pustulosis occurring as a manifestation of ahs . |
during the last decade much work has been done in the area of thyroid and pregnancy , and significant advances in the understanding of thyroid function modifications have been reached .
a general agreement has developed in the potential relationship between different pregnancy pathologies , such as abortion , gestati... | it has been twenty years since the first paper reporting the association between thyroid antibodies ( tais ) and spontaneous miscarriage was published . following this observation ,
several studies have clearly demonstrated an increased prevalence of tai in patients with recurrent miscarriage ( rm ) .
however , the... |
since the early 1970s , following the discovery that nutrient fertilizers could enhance the rates of oil biodegradation in marine environments ( atlas and bartha , 1972 ; 1973 ; bartha and atlas , 1976 ) , bioremediation has been a potential treatment for mitigating marine oil spills ( atlas , 1977 ; 1995 ; swannell et... | summaryin this article we consider what we have learned from the exxon valdez oil spill ( evos ) in terms of when bioremediation should be considered and what it can accomplish .
we present data on the state of oiling of prince william sound shorelines 18 years after the spill , including the concentration and compos... |
5-lipoxygenase ( 5-lox ; ec 1.13.11.34 ; encoded by the alox5 gene ) is the key enzyme in the biosynthesis of lipid signaling molecules , that is , the inflammatory leukotrienes and the anti - inflammatory lipoxins [ 1 , 2 ] . the 5-lox system is considered one of the key players in inflammation , an important pathwa... | the expression of 5-lipoxygenase ( 5-lox ) is affected by aging and regulated by epigenetic mechanisms including dna methylation .
we used methylation - sensitive restriction endonucleases ( acii , bstui , hpaii , and hinp1i ) to assess 5-lox dna methylation in brain and heart tissue samples from young ( 2 months ) a... |
a 50-year - old man with multiple caf - au - lait spots on his body was transferred to the emergency department of kyungpook national university hospital after the sudden onset of severe dyspnea .
we were aware that he had type 1 neurofibromatosis ( nf-1 ) from a previous visit to our hospital 27 years previously , b... | the rupture of an internal mammary artery ( i m a ) aneurysm in a patient with type 1 neurofibromatosis ( nf-1 ) is a rare but life - threatening complication requiring emergency management .
a 50-year - old man with nf-1 was transferred to the emergency department of kyungpook national university hospital , where an... |
all experimental neural responding procedures were approved by the seoul national university animal care and use committee , and all in vivo experimental procedures were performed according to the standards of the association for research in vision and ophthalmology .
all neural recordings were made in cortical areas... | purposethe purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of contrast display exposure on neuronal directional and spatial frequency tuning .
neuronal responses were recorded from ninety - four neurons in cortical areas 17 and 18 in two adult cats.methodsa multi - channel microelectrode was implanted in cortica... |
the need for conservative spinal interventions is increasing , corresponding to the increasing number of spinal disorders .
the literature describes multimodal therapy programs as successful therapy options in the treatment of acute and chronic low back pain ( lbp).13 the multimodal outpatient program at the universi... | the literature describes multimodal pain - management programs as successful therapy options in the conservative treatment of chronic low back pain . yet
, the intensity and inclusion criteria of such programs remain debatable . in many studies , the pain originating from spinal structures
is described as nonspecif... |
in a preliminary study , 12 male and 12 female weanling sherman strain rats were given a single dose of 1000 mg polybrominated biphenyls ( pbbs ) firemaster ff1 lot 7042 kg / body weight as a 5% solution in corn oil .
three male and three female weanling rats were given corn oil .
one day after dosing pbb blood lev... | |
understanding of vitamin d role in optimal health has expanded greatly in the past few years .
grant indicated that increasing western europeans serum 25(oh)d levels to at least 100 nmol / l all year could significantly reduce rates and economic burdens of several types of diseases whereas the reduction in healthcare... | at least 80% of the whole polish population , including prepubertal children and adolescents , adults and seniors , are vitamin d deficient , defined as 25(oh)d < 50
nmol / l .
83% of polish newborns start their lives at the state of vitamin d deficiency because 78% of their mothers are also deficient .
it was ob... |
he was taking warfarin for deep vein thrombosis and had a hemoglobin level of 4.5 g / dl .
he had undergone low anterior resection and partial bladder resection with adjuvant chemotherapy to treat sigmoid colon cancer 3 years earlier .
the anemia and the prolongation of the prothrombin time were easily corrected ; ... | for high - risk patients , endovascular aortic aneurysm repair ( evar ) is a good option but may lead to serious complications , which should be addressed immediately . a 75-year - old man with a history of abdominal surgery underwent evar for an aneurysm of the abdominal aorta and iliac arteries .
during evar , ilia... |
matrix - assisted chondrocyte implantation ( maci ) is a commercially available third - generation autologous chondrocyte implantation ( aci ) technique for the treatment of articular cartilage defects .
established treatment algorithms generally agree on the use of microfracture or osteochondral autograft transfer (... | objectiveto compare characteristics for patients scheduled for autologous chondrocyte implantation with matrix - assisted chondrocyte implantation ( maci ) with those enrolled in clinical trials and to describe differences in patient selection between countries.designanonymized data from patients scheduled for maci tre... |
sry ( sex determining region y)-box ( sox ) genes encode a group of transcription factors that bind to the minor groove of target dna elements and regulate transcriptional initiation of nearby promoters ( 1 ) . typically numbering in 20 in diverse vertebrate species
, the members of this family can be further divided... | soxd transcription factor subfamily includes three members , sox5 , sox6 , and sox13 . like other sox genes
, they contain the high - mobility - group ( hmg ) box as the dna binding domain but in addition feature the subgroup - specific leucine zipper motif .
soxd genes are expressed in diverse cell types in multip... |
in order to receive an accurate diagnosis and treatment planning , many researchers have used different criteria to determine the anterior - posterior relationship of the jaws .
although molar relationship has been used in angel classification , it is clear that canine and molar relationship indicates the anterior - ... | background : linear and angular measurements such as a point , nasion , b point ( anb ) angle and wits appraisal index are not accurate enough to evaluate sagittal relationship of the jaws .
the aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the range of and angles in 6 - 17-year - old children of isfahan , having n... |
docosahexaenoic acid ( dha ) , a type of 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid ( pufa ) , has attracted considerable attention due to its structural and physiological functions.1 dha is an essential compound in the cellular membrane of nervous tissues , such as brain and retina , and can improve development of these tissues . ... | abstractbackgroundphytohormones are chemical messengers that have a positive effect on biodiesel production of microalgae at low concentrations .
however , the effect of phytohormone 6benzylaminopurine on lipid and docosahexaenoic acid ( dha ) production in marine dhaproducer aurantiochytrium has never been reported ... |
noncommunicable diseases ( ncds ) are steadily rising , affecting both developing and developed countries .
this is a consequence not only of population aging , but also of the nutrition transition towards westernized diets and sedentary lifestyles .
the nutrition transition is fueled by socioeconomic and technolog... | objective . to summarize key findings of economic evaluations of lifestyle interventions for the primary prevention of type 2 diabetes ( t2d ) in high - risk subjects
. methods .
we conducted a systematic review of peer - reviewed original studies published since january 2009 in english , french , and spanish .
e... |
while psychostimulants have acute effects on brain dopamine systems , there is also evidence
from several lines of research for the involvement of the opioid system in psychostimulant
dependence .
for instance , positron emission tomography ( pet ) studies have revealed
functionally important changes in the bra... | studies in rodents have shown that psychostimulant drugs such as cocaine and amphetamine
cause endorphin release in the brain reward system .
there is also evidence for the
involvement of the opioid system in human psychostimulant dependence .
the acute effects of
an i.v .
psychostimulant drug on the brain ... |
the fabp6 mice used in this study were produced in - house and have been backcrossed to the c57bl/6 background for 8 generations .
the mice were housed in a controlled environment with a 12 h light / dark cycle and were given free access to water and standard diet ( 2020x teklad global rodent diet ) .
immature ( ... | the fatty acid binding protein 6 ( fabp6 ) is commonly regarded as a bile acid binding protein found in the distal portion of the small intestine and has been shown to be important in maintaining bile acid homeostasis .
previous studies have also reported the presence of fabp6 in human , rat and fish ovaries , but th... |
the significance of low - level laser in clinical medicine began with the important works of endre mester .
the basic science underlying low - level laser therapy ( lllt ) is that it involves the treatment of various medical diseases with photomedicine and the use of low - level lasers or light - emitting diodes to a... | introductionthis paper reports on the medium - term mean 2-year prospective follow - up of a patient cohort of 35 unselected elderly patients with mean age of 65 years who visited our tertiary referral pain center for painful adhesive capsulitis of the shoulder managed with low - level laser therapy ( lllt).materials a... |
the inflammatory and immune reactions induced by the bacterial plaque represent the main characteristics of periodontitis , and this disease represents a particularly cogent example of
problem arising from the phenomenon .
studies have demonstrated that periodontal disease affects between 10% and 15% of the
world... | objective . to evaluate the involvement of proinflammatory and oxidative stress markers in gingival tissue in individuals with chronic periodontitis .
subject and methods .
eighteen subjects were divided in two groups : experimental ( age 52.95.0 ) and control ( age 51.19.6 ) .
the activities of enzymatic antioxi... |
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