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	many environmental chemicals and pesticides have been found to be estrogenic and have been shown to stimulate the growth of estrogen receptor - positive ( er - positive ) human breast cancer cells . since it is difficult to avoid human exposure to environmental estrogens , a potentially important area of research is th...
normal tension glaucoma ( ntg ) is an optic neuropathy associated with glaucomatous optic nerve head damage , progressive retinal nerve fiber layer thinning , characteristic visual field defects , open anterior chamber angles on gonioscopy and maximum intraocular pressure ( iop ) below 21 mmhg . glaucoma is a major o...	normal tension glaucoma ( ntg ) is labelled when typical glaucomatous disc changes , visual field defects and open anterior chamber angles are associated with intraocular pressure ( iop ) constantly below 21 mmhg . chronic low vascular perfusion , raynaud 's phenomenon , migraine , nocturnal systemic hypotension and ...
in the iranian traditional medicine , anbarnesa smoke derived from burning female donkey s dung has long been used for treatment of inflammatory ulcers and infections of the middle and external ear with no significant side effects . we conducted a systematic search in pubmed , medline , google , and google scholar da...	context : in the iranian traditional medicine , anbarnesa smoke derived from burning female donkey s dung has long been used for treatment of inflammatory ulcers and infections of the middle and external ear with no significant side effects . the aim of this study was to introduce anbarnesa and discuss its therapeuti...
a coronary artery fistula ( caf ) is an abnormal communication between one of the coronary arteries and a cardiac chamber or vessels , including the coronary sinus , pulmonary artery , or superior vena cava.1)2)3 ) caf is involved in 0.002% of general population and accounts for 0.4% of all cardiac malformation.4 ) caf...	we present a case of 48-year - old male who presented with coronary artery fistula draining into left ventricle . transthoracic echocardiography showed abnormal blood flow draining into left ventricle , with enlarged coronary arteries and multiple vascular structures around ventricular myocardium . coronary compute...
pregnancy does not translate to being medically compromised ; therefore dental treatment should not be denied simply because a woman is pregnant . the pregnant woman who presents for dental care may require special considerations.1 therefore , the management of these patients may require adjustments in the timing and...	introduction : in order to control serious pulpal pain following odontogenic infections in pregnant women , endodontic treatment may become necessary . the aim of this study was to assess the perception of dentists about rendering endodontic treatment to pregnant women.materials and methods : this was a cross - secti...
today , a large number of patients are searching for personal satisfaction and increasing the demand for an attractive smile . tooth bleaching has become one of the most popular cosmetic procedures offered in dental practice.1 several products and techniques are available for vital tooth bleaching , and vary in conce...	this review investigates erosion and abrasion in dental structures undergoing at- home bleaching . dental erosion is a multifactorial condition that may be idiopathic or caused by a known acid source . some bleaching agents have a ph lower than the critical level , which can cause changes in the enamel mineral cont...
neuronal migration disorders are diseases that develop due to disruption of normal movement of postmitotic neurons from the ventricular zone to the cortical plate during embryogenesis that result in the total or subtotal absence of cortical sulci and severely disturbed architecture of the cortical plate . however , the...	pachygyria is considered a subtype of lissencephaly which , in turn , is a spectrum of disorders caused by abnormal neuronal migration . clinical presentation in this disorder may be varied including microcephaly , developmental delay , facial dysmorphism , seizures , and mental retardation . magnetic resonance imagi...
the 20 century witnessed a myriad of advances in technology , which have found several applications in the field of medicine . video technology was one of the most important factors that enhanced the ability of surgeons to perform complex laparoscopic surgeries . the advantages of laparoscopy were realized in adult...	background : video - laparoscopic surgery has long been practiced in western countries ; however documented practice of this minimal access surgical technique are recently emanating from nigeria . to the best of our knowledge , this is the first documented study on laparoscopic surgery from the niger delta region.aim...
copd is a common cause of disability , morbidity , and mortality worldwide and a major global health problem with enormous direct and indirect health care costs.1,2 the worst notice , however , is that the mortality rate ( number of deaths per 100,000 persons ) for copd in the last 50 years ( at least in usa ) has prog...	copd is a common cause of disability , morbidity and mortality worldwide and a major global health problem with enormous direct and indirect health care costs . different reasons can be advanced to explain it , but among them the possibility that the recommended diagnostic and therapeutic approaches to copd were less...
over the past decade it has been increasingly acknowledged that the understanding of metalorganic interfaces is crucial for further improving organic ( opto)electronic and single - molecule devices . in this context , adsorbing organic acceptors or donors onto electrodes provides a convenient tool for modifying metal w...	the electronic structure of metalorganic interfaces is of paramount importance for the properties of organic electronic and single - molecule devices . here , we use so - called orbital overlap populations derived from slab - type band - structure calculations to analyze the covalent contribution to the bonding betwe...
the protective action of dietary fiber against colorectal cancer ( crc ) has been attributed to the fermentation of fiber by anaerobic bacteria in the colon , producing butyrate 1 , an inhibitor of histone deacetylases ( hdaci ) , which produces cell cycle arrest , differentiation , and/or apoptosis of crc cells 2 - 4 ...	rna processing involves a variety of processes affecting gene expression , including the removal of introns through rna splicing , as well as 3 ' end processing ( cleavage and polyadenylation ) . alternative rna processing is fundamentally important for gene regulation , and aberrant processing is associated with the...
an ectopic thyroid gland is defined as thyroid tissue that is not located anterolaterally to the second to fourth tracheal cartilages . anatomically , an ectopic thyroid can be lingual ( at the base of the tongue ) , sublingual ( below the tongue ) , prelaryngeal ( in front of the larynx ) , or can be found at other ...	mediastinal ectopic thyroid is a very rare condition , with few reported cases in the literature and no reported cases in korea . this report describes an asymptomatic 65-year - old man with a right paratracheal mass compressing the superior vena . additionally , the epidemiology , clinical manifestation , diagnosi...
drug abuse or dependence is derived from a set of factors including social and family issues , availability , and individual s disposition ( 1 , 2 ) . personality is another factor that may play an important role in preparation , acceleration , or maintenance of drug abuse or dependence behaviors . personality diso...	background : according to drug gateway theory , smoking cigarettes , especially , low onset age of smoking , is one of the risk factors for future use.objectives:the present study aimed to compare nicotine and opiate addicts to identify the differences in personality traits and onset age of smoking in the two groups th...
type 1 diabetes mellitus ( dm ) and graves disease are autoimmune diseases , and a number of genetic and environmental factors are thought to be involved in their etiology . we have demonstrated an association between both hla class ii genotype and ctla-4 ( cytotoxic t lymphocyte antigen-4 ) gene polymorphism a...	type 1 diabetes mellitus ( dm ) and graves disease are autoimmune diseases , and a number of genetic factors , including hla and ctla-4 genes , have been reported to contribute to their etiology . the gene responsible for autoimmune polyendocrinopathy- candidiasis - ectodermal dystrophy ( apeced ) has been clon...
there have been numerous investigations of the effects of noise in neurobiological dynamical systems , for both single neurons and neural networks . a large number of interesting noise - related phenomena have been analyzed , including synchronization , stochastic resonance , and coherence resonance ( reviewed in lin...	the effects of noise on neuronal dynamical systems are of much current interest . here , we investigate noise - induced changes in the rhythmic firing activity of single hodgkin huxley neurons . with additive input current , there is , in the absence of noise , a critical mean value = c above which sustained p...
the patient data analyzed in this study were obtained from the united kingdom glaucoma treatment study ( ukgts ) . the ukgts was a randomized , double - masked , placebo - controlled , multicenter treatment trial for open - angle glaucoma . the study recruited newly diagnosed ( untreated ) glaucoma cases with glauc...	purposeto test with an independent data set the finding that between - subject variability in healthy eyes is the primary source of structural functional discordance in patients with glaucoma.methodsneuroretinal rim area , retinal nerve fiber layer thickness , and perimetric data were analyzed for one eye in each of 5...
hospitals are complex organizations which face a unique challenge in this ever changing economic environment : they need to increase the quality of care offered to their patients , while still reducing the specific associated costs . in this respect , many countries have set multiple forms of future funding policies to...	background and aimmulti - hospital health systems have become the most popular administrative structure in healthcare , leading to both opportunities and challenges for hospital administrators . in government - funded healthcare systems , there is a balance between costs and the provision of health services.the aim of ...
sepsis is a major healthcare problem . despite advances in supportive care of critically ill patients , sepsis remains an important cause of death worldwide in adults and children [ 13 ] . the surviving sepsis campaign ( ssc ) , which standardized the approach to sepsis , was recently updated . several efforts ha...	severe sepsis results in high morbidity and mortality . immunomodulation strategies could be an adjunctive therapy to treat sepsis . endotoxin is a component of gram - negative bacteria and plays an important role in the pathogenesis of septic shock when it is recognized by immune cells . removal of endotoxin could...
laparoscopy is widely used as a tool in many clinical situations allowing for diagnosis and/or surgical management in a minimally invasive fashion . nonetheless , attention to surgical technique is paramount to avoid both short and long term complications . a 32-year - old woman had a laparoscopy and a reported lef...	background : laparoscopy is widely used as a tool in many clinical situations allowing for diagnosis and/or surgical management in a minimally invasive fashion . most laparoscopic cases are ambulatory and allow patients to recover quickly . nonetheless , attention to surgical technique is paramount to avoid both sh...
in 2009 , the world health organization ( who ) published the surgical safety checklist ( ssc ) as part of their safe surgery saves lives campaign . the checklist was adapted from the field of aviation , where checklist use is standard practice . in aviation , checklists were developed in response to a crash involving ...	existing evidence suggests that communication failures are common in the operating room , and that they lead to increased complications , including infections . use of a surgical safety checklist may prevent communication failures and reduce complications . initial data from the world health organization surgical s...
mitochondrial cardiomyopathy can manifest with various cardiac phenotypes , such as left ventricle ( lv ) hypertrophy , dilatation , wall motion abnormality , and lethal ventricular arrhythmia ; these symptoms range from subclinical to critical conditions ( 1 ) . the severity of myocardial dysfunction also predicts t...	a 42-year - old man was referred to our hospital due to chest pain , diabetes mellitus , and sensorineural hearing loss . transthoracic echocardiography revealed diffuse left ventricular hypokinesis . he was diagnosed with mitochondrial disease and a c.a3243 g mutation was identified in his mitochondrial dna . th...
micrornas ( mirnas ) are nonprotein coding rnas of between 20 and 22 nucleotides that attenuate protein production by cleavage , translational inhibition , or sequestering of mrna in p bodies . they are implicated in several different biological pathways , including plant and animal development , and cancer [ 24 ] . ...	micrornas ( mirnas ) are nonprotein coding rnas between 20 and 22 nucleotides long that attenuate protein production . different types of sequence data are being investigated for novel mirnas , including genomic and transcriptomic sequences . a variety of machine learning methods have successfully predicted mirna pre...
muscle cramps are painful , local , tangible , and involuntary skeletal muscular contractions that usually affect leg muscles . muscle cramps are one of the common symptoms of pregnancy , especially during the third trimester that are often unidirectional . leg cramps mostly happen twice a week or less frequently ,...	background : this study intended to determine the effects of vitamin d and calcium - vitamin d in treating leg cramps in pregnant women.materials and methods : this study was conducted as a double - blind randomized controlled clinical trial on 126 participants , 1835-year - old pregnant women with a minimum of two leg...
protein phosphorylation can modulate protein activity , turnover , subcellular localization , complex formation , folding and degradation . dynamic phosphorylation plays a pivotal role in almost all biological processes including cell division , differentiation , polarization and apoptosis . the importance ...	we recently introduced a novel scheme combining electron - transfer and higher - energy collision dissociation ( termed ethcd ) , for improved peptide ion fragmentation and identification . we reasoned that phosphosite localization , one of the major hurdles in high - throughput phosphoproteomics , could also...
severe acute respiratory syndrome ( sars ) is a new emerging infectious disease , which was first reported in china in 2002 and was rapidly spreading all over the world in 2003 [ 1 , 2 ] . patients develop persistent fever , dry cough , progressive radiographic changes of chest , and lymphopenia once infected...	molecular mimicry , defined as similar structures shared by molecules from dissimilar genes or proteins , is a general strategy used by pathogens to infect host cells . severe acute respiratory syndrome ( sars ) is a new human respiratory infectious disease caused by sars coronavirus ( sars - cov ) . the spike ( s ...
simultaneous cardiac and pericardial rupture secondary to blunt chest trauma is a highly lethal combination with a rarely reported survival . we present a young patient with a right atrioventricular groove injury , pericardial rupture and a unique and previously undescribed coronary sinus avulsion . a 17-year - old...	simultaneous cardiac and pericardial rupture from blunt chest trauma is a highly lethal combination with rarely reported survival . we report of a case of young patient with a right atrioventricular groove injury , pericardial rupture and a unique description of a coronary sinus avulsion following blunt chest trauma ...
unlike the structure of somatic cells , which are relatively free of chromatin ( dna and histones ) , sperm chromatin is compact and stable in the nucleus . the nuclear condensation in sperm cells is due to the replacement of about 85% of lysine - rich histones associated with dna , with transition proteins that are ...	background : sperm dna integrity is considered an important parameter to assess seminal fluid quality and can be used as a predictive test of potential fertility . amongst the various tests to determine sperm dna integrity , one is the acridine orange test . recent studies have demonstrated the importance of p53 in...
the bureau of alcohol , tobacco , firearms and explosives ( atf ) , a law enforcement agency within the united states department of justice , has been in the business of investigating the cause and origin of fires and explosions since the 1970s . atf typically collaborates with other federal , state , and local autho...	this study investigated a bladder cancer cluster in a cohort of employees , predominately criminal investigators , participating in a medical surveillance program with the united states bureau of alcohol , tobacco , firearms and explosives ( atf ) between 1995 and 2007 . standardized incidence ratios ( sirs ) were us...
leiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is an exceedingly rare benign disorder characterized by multiple vascular leiomyomas growing along the submesothelial tissues of the abdominopelvic peritoneum . it is commonly described in women of reproductive age and is rarely seen in men and postmenopausal women . a 65-yea...	backgroundleiomyomatosis peritonealis disseminata is an exceedingly rare benign disorder characterized by multiple vascular leiomyomas growing along the submesothelial tissues of the abdominopelvic peritoneum . it is commonly described in women of reproductive age and is rarely seen in men and postmenopausal women.ca...
a 46-year - old female visited chonbuk national university dental hospital with the complaint of swelling in the left upper lip area . a clinical examination found a bony and hard gingival swelling that extended from the left maxillary incisors to the premolar regions , as well as displacement of the left maxillary l...	the desmoplastic variant of ameloblastoma is a rare form of ameloblastoma characterized by unique radiographic and histologic features . a 46-year - old female was referred to our hospital , complaining of swelling in the left upper lip area . radiographic findings revealed an ill - defined multilocular lesion with...
lupus nephritis ( ln ) is a major clinical manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus that occurs in 15% of patients at diagnosis and in approximately 40% during the course of the disease . renal biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and follow - up , whereas the measurement of proteinuria identifies patie...	lupus nephritis ( ln ) occurs in more than one - third of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus . its pathogenesis is mostly attributable to the glomerular deposition of immune complexes and overproduction of t helper- ( th- ) 1 cytokines . in this context , the high glomerular expression of il-12 and il-18 exer...
as a service to our authors and readers , this journal provides supporting information supplied by the authors . such materials are peer reviewed and may be re - organized for online delivery , but are not copy - edited or typeset . technical support issues arising from supporting information ( other than missing fil...	by replacing the central thiophene unit of an anionic pentameric oligothiophene with other heterocyclic moities , a palette of pentameric thiophene - based ligands with distinct fluorescent properties were synthesized . all ligands displayed superior selectivity towards recombinant amyloid fibrils as well as disease ...
in the last decade , the large availability of the internet and the embracing of new digital technologies like smartphones are changing people 's way of life and introducing new social dynamics [ 1 - 7 ] . social networks allow immediate communication with just one click , by searching , reaching and sending any ki...	facebook is notably the most widely known and used social network worldwide . it has been described as a valuable tool for leisure and communication between people all over the world . however , healthy and conscience facebook use is contrasted by excessive use and lack of control , creating an addiction with sever...
, a wasting of bilateral leg muscles was evident , and she wore a foot brace . the motor weakness and wasting were more severe in the lower distal extremities than in the upper extremities . muscular stretch reflexes were absent , and vibratory sense and pain appreciation were impaired distally in both upper and lowe...	charcot - marie - tooth disease type 1a ( cmt1a ) is associated with duplication of chromosome 17p11.2-p12 , whereas hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsies ( hnpp ) , which is an autosomal dominant neuropathy showing characteristics of recurrent pressure palsies , is associated with 17p11.2-p12 deleti...
mushrooms have been considered as ingredient of gourmet cuisine across the globe ; especially for their unique flavor and have been valued by humankind as a culinary wonder . more than 2,000 species of mushrooms exist in nature , but around 25 are widely accepted as food and few are commercially cultivated . mushro...	mushrooms have been consumed since earliest history ; ancient greeks believed that mushrooms provided strength for warriors in battle , and the romans perceived them as the food of the gods . for centuries , the chinese culture has treasured mushrooms as a health food , an elixir of life . they have been part of t...
although various training modalities can be applied in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) ( eg , resistance , in - water , and tai chi ) , aerobic stimulus has been investigated in several studies , predominantly due to the ease of application , prescription and , consequently , monitoring of ...	introductionpatients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( copd ) exhibit aerobic function , autonomic nervous system , and mucociliary clearance alterations . these parameters can be attenuated by aerobic training , which can be applied with continuous or interval efforts . however , the possible effects of...
developmental dysplasia of the hip comprises of disorders of hip development that present in different forms at different ages . the common etiology is excessive laxity of the hip capsule , which fails to maintain the femoral head within the acetabulum . in newborns , the syndrome consists of instability of the hip...	abstractprevious reports demonstrated 860% patients treated for developmental dislocation of hip ( ddh ) in infancy have residual acetabular dysplasia ( ad ) at skeletal maturity . ad patients reportedly exhibit abnormal morphology of the pelvis , high rates of comorbid spinal congenital anomalies and high bone miner...
originally recognized as a cause for oral candidiasis among hiv - infected patients reports of severe fungal infections caused by candida dubliniensis are emerging in recent years . c. dubliniensis shares many phenotypic characteristics with the predominant fungal pathogen candida albicans like the ability of germ tube...	we report a case of spondylodiscitis and spinal abscess following haematogenous dissemination of the emerging yeast candida dubliniensis in a human immunodeficiency virus-1 ( hiv-1 ) and hepatitis c virus ( hcv)-coinfected patient . although c. dubliniensis is considered less virulent compared to its closest known re...
herbal medicines are valuable and available resources of primary health care for thousands year in the traditional medicine including the thai folk medicine . generally , the bioactive compounds in herbal medicines are secondary metabolites which act as various pharmacological properties.1 , 2 , 3 they are used as the ...	to evaluate the antibacterial activity of 12 ethanol extracts of thai traditional herb against oral pathogens . the antibacterial activities were assessed by agar well diffusion , broth microdilution , and time - kill methods . antibiofilm activity was investigated using a 3-[4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl]-2,5-diphenyl-...
the world health organization projected that 300 million people will suffer from diabetes and 1.5 billion from hypertension by 2025 . according to the diabetes atlas 2006 published by the international diabetes federation , the number of people with diabetes in india currently around 40.9 million , is expected to r...	background . hypertension management is of a paramount importance in diabetic patients for cardiovascular risk reduction . aim . to evaluate prescribing pattern of antihypertensive in t2 dm ( type 2 diabetes ) patients and compare with existing recent guidelines . methods . a cross - sectional study involving e...
eczema is an inflammatory skin reaction characterized histologically by spongiosis with varying degrees of acanthosis . however , eczema is divided into two groups ; exogenous eczemas , e.g. contact dermatitis , are related clearly to defined external triggering factors , although inherited tendencies can also play a...	the life style and demographic structure of libyan society is changing , and this could affect the epidemiology of certain diseases , including eczema . the aim of this study was to assess the burden of eczema among a selected patient population in the zliten area in the northwest of libya . we conducted a retrospe...
crystals of angiotensinogen and the complex of human angiotensinogen with de - glycosylated renin - asp292ala were grown at room temperature under conditions listed in supplementary table 1 . datasets were collected at 100k at the daresbury and diamond synchrotron light sources and processed with the ccp4 program sui...	blood pressure is critically controlled by angiotensins1 , vasopressor peptides specifically released by the enzyme renin from the tail of angiotensinogen , a non - inhibitory member of the serpin family of protease inhibitors2,3 . although angiotensinogen has long been regarded as a passive substrate , the crystal str...
. a myoepithelioma classically presents as an asymptomatic mass that slowly enlarges over a long period of time . however , recurrent and malignant ones have also been described . they are more likely to occur in the parotid gland , but rare cases arising from minor salivary glands are also on record.[35 ] the author...	myoepithelioma is an uncommon benign neoplasm that most likely occurs in the parotid gland . extra - salivary myoepitheliomas are rare , with less than 10 cases reported in the sinonasal cavity . we present a rare case of benign myoepithelioma with recurrent behavior , abundant extensions to adjacent structures , a...
nickel - titanium alloys were developed in the early 1960 's by w. f. buehler , a metallurgist at the naval ordnance laboratory in silver springs , maryland , usa . considering its property of superior elasticity and resistance to torsional fracture , walia et al . introduced nickel - titanium endodontic rotary files t...	aim : to use atomic force microscope and energy dispersive x - ray spectroscopy to evaluate the effect of 5% naocl , 17% edta and triphala on protaper and irace rotary ni - ti instruments.methodology:a total of eight ni - ti rotary files , four files each of protaper - s2 ( dentsply ) and irace - r3 ( fkg dentaire ) we...
diabetes mellitus ( dm ) increases the risk of heart failure development even in the absence of coronary artery disease , hypertension , or other comorbidities1 , 2 and could result in a two to fourfold greater mortality in heart failure patients . indeed , dm is capable of impairing the myocardial function : this is...	background : diabetes mellitus is capable of impairing the myocardial function . several studies have documented the influential impact of diabetes mellitus on the left ventricular function . the right ventricular function plays a significant role in the overall myocardial contractility ; hence , this study was und...
the development of artificial bioengineered constructs largely depends on adequate vascularization to guarantee sufficient oxygen supply . the arteriovenous ( av ) loop model is an established method to obtain transplantable bioartificial tissue in vivo . originally based on the findings of erol and spira and sub...	backgroundthe arteriovenous ( av ) loop model enables axial vascularization to gain a functional microcirculatory system in tissue engineering constructs in vivo . these constructs might replace surgical flaps for the treatment of complex wounds in the future . today , free flaps are often exposed to high - dose radi...
aging is associated with an increased risk of developing respiratory impairment1 . after a stroke , respiratory function lung function tests are not necessarily conducted in rehabilitation , sometimes because there is no examination equipment . ( mainly for the pectoralis major muscle ) is to improves the rat...	[ purpose ] this study aimed to verify the appropriate number of measurements and the intrarater reliabilities of shoulder joint horizontal adductor muscle strength measurements using a handheld dynamometer ( hhd ) for geriatric and stroke patients . [ subjects and methods ] the subjects were 40 inpatients , who ...
benign schwannoma is a slow growing encapsulated tumor arising from the neuroectodermal sheath of schwann . approximately , 25 - 30% of all reported schwannomas occur in the head and neck and most of these in the eighth nerve . schwannoma of the facial nerve is a rare entity with very few cases reported in the lite...	pleomorphic adenomas are the most common tumors which present as parotid masses . shwannoma ( peripheral nerve sheath tumor ) is a rare entity in this region . very few schwannomas originate from the facial nerve and in the majority of these cases the tumor involves its intratemporal part . the following case is ...
one - dimensional ( 1d ) nanostructures such as wires , rods , belts , and tubes , whose lateral dimensions fall anywhere in the range of 1100 nm , have become the focus of intensive research , owing to their unique applications in mesoscopic physics and fabrication of nanoscale devices [ 1 - 6 ] . among one - dimensio...	cd(oh)2nanobelts have been synthesized in high yield by a convenient polyol method for the first time . xrd , xps , fesem , and tem were used to characterize the product , which revealed that the product consisted of belt - like crystals about 40 nm in thickness and length up to several hundreds of micrometers . st...
mesoporous sba-15 silica molecular sieves of large pore diameter ( up to 30 nm ) and area ( up to 1000 m g ) show excellent homogeneity and stability and can be well controlled for adsorption / desorption processes . mesoporous silica materials , especially mesoporous sba-15 molecular sieves , have been modified...	magnetic fe - sba-15 mesoporous silica molecular sieves were prepared , characterized , and used for magnetic separation . wet impregnation , drying , and calcination steps led to iron inclusion within the mesopores . iron oxide was reduced to the metal form with hydrogen , and the magnetic fe - sba-15 was obtained...
this special issue of food biophysics journal contains papers originally presented at the 3rd international symposium on delivery in complex food systems , which was held at wageningen university , the netherlands , from october 18 to 21 , 2009 . as the subtitle already indicates , the purpose of this symposium is to...	the wageningen delivery of functionality symposium covered all aspects involved with food structural design to arrive at high - quality foods which meet demanding customer expectations and regulatory requirements . the symposium integrated aspects from the structural organization of foods at molecular and supramolecu...
the introduction of imatinib mesylate ( glivec/gleevec , novartis , basel , switzerland ) has improved outcomes for patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumor ( gist ) , and imatinib is now considered the standard first - line treatment in patients with metastatic or unresectable gist ( 1 , 2 ) . imatinib ...	imatinib , the first - line treatment in patients with advanced gastrointestinal stromal tumors ( gist ) , is generally well tolerated , although some patients have difficulty tolerating the standard dose of 400 mg / day . adjusting imatinib dosage by plasma level monitoring may facilitate management of patients who ...
cataract surgery with intraocular lens ( iol ) implantation is the most common ophthalmic surgical operation . the mean annual incidence of postoperative endophthalmitis ( poe ) among cataract patients ranges from 0.05 to 0.14% [ 15 ] . in practice , ophthalmologists apply topical antibiotic drops to prevent this rar...	background . the use of a fixed - combination antibiotic corticosteroid for infection prophylaxis in asian patients undergoing phacoemulsification has not been reported . methods . a 15-day , open - label , single - arm trial of 64 patients for phacoemulsification with intraocular lens ( iol ) implantation is des...
it has been argued that the unaffected hemisphere may contribute to early recovery of motor function after stroke in humans1 and animals.2 a single session of somatosensory stimulation in the form of peripheral nerve stimulation improves motor function in chronic stroke.35 a decrease in short - interval intracortical i...	introductionsomatosensory stimulation of the paretic upper limb enhances motor performance and excitability in the affected hemisphere , and increases activity in the unaffected hemisphere , in chronic stroke patients . we tested the hypothesis that somatosensory stimulation of the paretic hand would lead to changes ...
intravenous rtpa remains the only proven treatment for acute ischaemic stroke in the general population . patients with end - stage renal disease ( esrd ) on dialysis have a 510-fold higher incidence of stroke than the general population with an overall incidence rate of 1333 per 1000 patient - years . this may ref...	stroke is a leading cause of death worldwide and is associated with significant morbidity in survivors . early thrombolytic therapy in acute ischaemic stroke has been shown to dramatically improve patient outcomes . although the age - adjusted incidence of stroke is 510 times greater in haemodialysis patients , the...
point spread function ( psf ) is used to define the quality of a retinal image . when an eye is looking at a point source , the luminance distribution on the retina is called the psf . the visual acuity corresponds to the central part of the psf ( 0~1 min of arc ) , and the outer part of the psf ( > 1 ) is the str...	purpose . to investigate the intraocular straylight value after cataract surgery . methods . in this study , 76 eyes from 62 patients were subdivided into three groups . a hydrophobic acrylic , a hydrophilic acrylic , and a pmma iol were respectively , implanted in 24 eyes , 28 eyes , and 24 eyes . straylight...
primary sjogren 's syndrome ( pss ) is a relatively common autoimmune disease affecting 23% of the adult population . undiagnosed pss presenting with severe hypokalemia and demyelination in the absence of dryness is rare but can occur in 27% . a 36-year - old lady presented with weakness of upper and lower limbs pr...	we present a middle - aged woman with a prior history of central nervous system ( cns ) demyelinating disorder who presented with an acute onset quadriparesis and respiratory failure . the evaluation revealed distal renal tubular acidosis with hypokalemia and medullary nephrocalcinosis . weakness persisted despite ...
reactive oxygen species ( ros ) are oxygen metabolites that are highly active in terms of oxidative modifications of cellular macromolecules including proteins , lipids , and polynucleotides . superoxide radical ( o2 ) is usually the primal ros species produced and is subsequently converted into hydrogen peroxide ( h...	reactive oxygen species ( ros ) act as essential cellular messengers , redox regulators , and , when in excess , oxidative stressors that are widely implicated in pathologies of cancer and cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases . understanding such complexity of the ros signaling is critically hinged on the ab...
in modern society , the incidence of cervical lordosis and thoracic and lumbar kyphosis is increasing , because many people maintain a fixed posture for long periods and number of aged people is increasing . an increase in thoracic kyphosis causes restrictions in chest expansion and respiratory muscle weakness ...	[ purpose ] the aim of this study was to determine the effects of thoracic region self - mobilization on chest expansion and pulmonary function in healthy adults . [ subjects ] nineteen healthy adults were randomly allocated to either an intervention group ( n = 8) or a control group ( n = 11 ) . [ methods ] su...
ethylcellulose , a nonbiodegradable and biocompatible polymer , one of the extensively studied encapsulating materials for the controlled release of pharmaceuticals , was selected as the retardant material for propranolol hydrochloride . ethylcellulose , a polymer to microencapsulate a drug by coacervation phase sepa...	objective . the purpose of the recent study was to prepare and estimate sustained release of ethylcellulose ( 300 cps ) and eudragit ( rs 100 and rl 100 ) microparticles containing propranolol hydrochloride used as a treatment of cardiovascular system , especially hypertension . method . propranolol hydrochlorid...
preparation of solid dispersion of domperidone : domperidone inclusion complexes were prepared with -cd in different ratio ( 1:1 , 1:2 and 1:3 ) by kneading method . preparation of fast dissolving films : solid dispersion of domperidone and -cyclodextrin ( 1:3 ) was selected and dispersed in half quantity of water an...	the present investigation was undertaken with the objective of formulating mouth dissolving film(s ) of the antiemetic drug domperidone to enhance the convenience and compliance by the elderly and pediatric patients . domperidone is a drug of choice in case of nausea and vomiting produced by chemotherapy , migraine h...
several cognitive domains , including attention , memory , and executive functions are impaired in bipolar disorder ( 1 , 2 ) . meanwhile , in recent decades , there has been an increasing tendency to study neurocognitive deficits like executive functions among researches ( 3 ) . executive functions are a series of...	background : several cognitive domains , including attention , memory , and executive functions are impaired in bipolar disorder.objectives:this study aimed to investigate two executive functions ( working memory and response inhibition ) in patients with bipolar i disorder during remission of the symptoms.patients and...
chronic hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) infection remains a global health threat with 175 million carriers worldwide . approximately 3% of the worldwide population is infected with the hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) . the prevalence of hcv infection varies throughout the world , with the highest prevalence reported in egypt ....	background . occult hepatitis c virus infection ( oci ) was identified as a new form of hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) , characterized by undetectable hcv antibodies and hcv rna in serum , while hcv rna is detectable in liver and peripheral blood cells only . aim . the aim of this study was to investigate the occurrence...
epithelial - mesenchymal transition ( emt ) plays an important role in cancer tumorigenesis . during the emt , epithelial cells change their polarized epithelial phenotype to a spindle - shaped , myofibroblast - like phenotype with high motility , and cancer cells increased cell migration and invasion , which are cru...	backgroundepithelial - mesenchymal transition ( emt ) plays an important role in cancer tumorigenesis . transforming growth factor 1 ( tgf-1 ) can induced emt , which could increase tumor migration and invasion . moreover , recent studies have been proven that mammalian target of rapamycin ( mtor ) is a critical re...
in order to arrive at their conclusion that infanticide is morally permissible , giubilini and minerva espouse a personistic ethic . briefly , this is the view that human beings do not have any inherent dignity in virtue of their humanity . merely being human is not in itself a reason for ascribing value to someone...	alberto giubilini and francesco minerva 's recent infanticide proposal is predicated on their personism and actualism . according to these related ideas , human beings achieve their moral status in virtue of the degree to which they are capable of laying value upon their lives or exhibiting certain qualities or being...
a 10-month - old domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for severe esophagitis and protracted vomiting and regurgitation secondary to a sliding ( type i ) hiatal hernia . the hernia and concurrent upper airway obstruction ( nasopharyngeal polyp ) were diagnosed with a multi - modality approach , including thoracic and ...	case summarya 10-month - old domestic shorthair cat was evaluated for severe esophagitis and protracted vomiting and regurgitation secondary to a sliding ( type i ) hiatal hernia . the hernia and concurrent upper airway obstruction ( nasopharyngeal polyp ) were diagnosed with a multi - modality approach , including t...
the current criteria for diagnosis of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( als ) require neurophysiological evidences of ongoing denervation , defined by fibrillation potentials ( fibs ) or positive sharp waves , and of chronic partial reinnervation , involving enlarged , unstable motor units with a reduced interference pat...	denervated muscles undergo fibrillations due to spontaneous activation of voltage - gated sodium ( na+ ) channels generating action potentials . fibrillations also occur in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( als ) . riluzole , the only approved drug for als treatment , blocks voltage - gated na+ channels...
	a review of the literature indicated an association among high nitrate ingestion , methemoglobinemia , and pathologic changes in bronchi and lung parenchyma . the present study examined a possible correlation among drinking water nitrate concentration , methemoglobin levels , cytochrome b(5 ) reductase activity , and...
heparina , a highly sulfated glycosaminoglycan , has the highest negative charge density of any known natural biological molecule . heparin has been extensively used as an injectable anticoagulant in many clinical procedures for the prevention of blood clotting , especially during open heart surgery [ 2 , 3 ] . pha...	the luminescence characteristics of six osmium carbonyl complexes with phenanthroline ( phen ) or bipyridine ( bpy ) and pyridine ( py ) , 4-phenylpyridine ( 4-phpy ) , or triphenylphosphine ( pph3 ) complexes in the presence of polyanion heparin were studied in both ethanol and aqueous solutions . the influence of h...
functional dyspepsia ( fd ) is a syndrome characterized by chronic and recurrent gastroduodenal symptoms in the absence of any organic or metabolic disease that is likely to explain the symptoms.1,2 fd is considered to be important to public health , because it is remarkably common , can be disabling , and can pose a m...	advances in basic and clinical research have revealed that helicobacter pylori ( h. pylori ) infection plays an important role in the development of gastroduodenal dysmotility and hypersensitivity , as also in dyspepsia symptoms . in addition , recent studies have proposed an inflammation - immunological model for th...
a septic patient is in your intensive care unit and you are concerned that he is behind on his intravascular volume . for a variety of reasons you have decided you would like to give him intravenous colloids . frdrique schortgen and laurent brochard capillary leakage during sepsis is a reason for recommending the use...	there are few issues in critical care medicine that have a less clearly defined standard of care than the intravenous fluid choice for resuscitation . natural colloids ( such as albumin ) became popular during the second world war when there was a need to develop a portable , easily stored , blood substitute . earl...
ten healthy volunteers participated in the study ( 9 females and 1 male , age : 2236 ) . the study was approved by the central denmark region committees on biomedical research ethics ( m-20100032 ) . written informed consent was obtained from the participants following oral and written information about the study . t...	background and objectiveph in dental biofilms is of central importance for the development of caries . we used the ratiometric ph - sensitive dye c - snarf-4 in combination with digital image analysis to monitor extracellular ph in dental biofilms grown in situ with and without sucrose supply.designdental biofilms ( ...
delivery is a natural and physiologic process , but a painful and exhausting phenomenon both for mother and those who care her . this process constitutes a very important physiologic event of woman 's life with significant physical , mental , and emotional effects . delivery is accompanied by pain , mental stress ,...	background : continuation of delivery care by a midwife , and establishing a relationship between the midwife and the delivering woman , is so important for women , and preserving such relationship increases woman 's calmness and self - confidence . the current research aims at studying the effect of midwifery contin...
injection use is one of the most important medical procedures used globally , mostly for administration of drugs and immunization . in a developing country like india unsafe injection practices put patients and healthcare providers at risk of infectious and noninfectious adverse events and have been associated with a...	injuries caused by needle sticks and sharps due to unsafe injection practices are the most common occupational hazard amongst health care personnel . the objectives of our study were to determine the existing knowledge and practices of interns and change in their level following an information education and communicati...
it implies tolerance to the semiallogeneic fetus , which possesses half maternal genes and half paternal genes . the more genetically distinct the fetus is , the greater the immunological tolerance becomes during pregnancy . this occurs during pregnancies by egg donation ( ed ) , when the fetus is allogenic . suc...	maternofetal immune tolerance is essential to maintain pregnancy . the maternal immunological tolerance to the semiallogeneic fetus becomes greater in egg donation pregnancies with unrelated donors as the complete fetal genome is allogeneic to the mother . instead of being rejected , the allogeneic fetus is tolerated...
ultrasound is routinely used to evaluate small breast masses . a large proportion of these small masses are benign but unfortunately many go to biopsy or excision despite benign imaging characteristics . utilizing our case of adult male pilomatrixoma , we discuss the work - up of small breast masses , focusing on ult...	pilomatrixomas are uncommon benign skin neoplasms arising from the hair follicle matrix . they occur more commonly in children than adults . most originate on the head , neck , or upper extremities , less commonly on the trunk or lower extremities , and very infrequently in the breast . we present a rare case of ...
endovascular therapy for cerebral vascular diseases has expanded in both the variety and number of devices . conventionally , an animal vascular model is used for initial testing of new devices.1 2 to date , swine and dog models have been reported.3 however , animal experiments are labor intensive and expensive . f...	backgroundhuman placenta is a convenient resource for biomedical research , and has not yet been used for neurointerventional surgery research.objectiveour objective was to explore the feasibility of using human placenta to test various endovascular interventions and for training.design18 placentas soon after delivery ...
one of every five children aged less than 5 years in low - income , developing countries is malnourished . globally , undernutrition is associated with more than one - third of all deaths in this age group . acute malnutrition defined by weight - for - height z - score ( whz ) < 2 ( i.e. , wasting ) in young children...	to assess the risk factors for acute malnutrition ( weight - for - height z - score ( whz ) < 2 ) , a case - control study was conducted during june september 2012 in 449 children aged 659 months ( 178 with whz < 2 and 271 comparing children with whz 2 and no edema ) admitted to the dhaka hospital of icddr , b in ba...
transplants of the retina are among the new strategies being used in the treatment of genetic and degenerative macular diseases . moreover , literature dated from 2004 to 2011 was comprehensively examined via medline and pubmed searches for the following terms : auto- , homo- , heterologous transplantation , retina ,...	summarybackgroundtransplants of the retina are among the new strategies being used in the treatment of genetic and degenerative macular diseases . moreover , various cell cultures are being tested to treat retinal disorders.material/methodsliterature dated from 2004 to 2011 was comprehensively examined via medline an...
pulmonary cryptococcosis is a type of fungal infection , initiated by inhalation of the organism , cryptococcus neoformans , from an environmental source ( 1 ) . it most commonly occurs in immunocompromised hosts , such as human immunodeficiency virus ( hiv)-infected or cancer patients , and rarely involves the immun...	the radiologic appearance of multiple discrete pulmonary nodules in immunocompetent patients , with cryptococcal infection , has been rarely described . we describe a case of pulmonary cryptococcosis , presenting with bilaterally and randomly distributed nodules on a computed tomography , mimicking hematogeneous meta...
congestive heart failure is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries , with an estimated prevalence of 1% to 2% in the general population , reaching 7% to 8% in individuals aged > 75 years.1 elevated blood pressure appears to play an important role in the pathogenesis of both left ventricular ...	backgroundthe differing relations of steady and pulsatile components of central hemodynamics and aortic stiffness with cardiac dimensions and function have not been fully elucidated.methods and resultscentral hemodynamics and carotidfemoral pulse wave velocity ( cfpwv , a measure of aortic stiffness ) were measured by ...
measurement of disease activity is critical for longitudinal assessments in both observational studies and clinical trials . in the field of rheumatology , more than 250 assessment tools have been developed and validated to evaluate pathology , symptoms , function , and health status of patients with rheumatic diseas...	igg4-related disease ( igg4-rd ) is a multiorgan inflammatory disease in which diverse organ manifestations are linked by common histopathological and immunohistochemical features . prospective studies of igg4-rd patients are required to clarify the natural history , long - term prognosis , and treatment approaches i...
the cell morphodynamics underlying the processes that control the organized spatial distribution of cells during the embryonic development are nowadays largely unknown . a single fertilized egg - cell ( zygote ) undergoes cellular divisions , differentiations , and interactions giving rise to specific forms of tissue...	this paper is devoted to the segmentation of cell nuclei from time lapse confocal microscopy images , taken throughout early zebrafish embryogenesis . the segmentation allows to identify and quantify the number of cells in the animal model . this kind of information is relevant to estimate important biological para...
avian influenza ( ai ) is a highly contagious disease caused by type a influenza viruses , a member of the family orthomyxoviridae . influenza a viruses have antigenically related nucleocapsid and matrix proteins but are classified into subtypes on the basis of their haemagglutinin ( h ) and neuraminidase ( n ) antig...	since the first outbreak of avian influenza ( ai ) in nigeria in 2006 , there has been continuous monitoring of the disease in chickens with little attention given to turkeys . as part of on - going surveillance for ai in southwest nigeria , we used a competitive elisa to detect anti - ai virus antibodies in 520 turkey...
bioflavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds that are common throughout the plant kingdom . they are widely studied and have been found to promote healthy living in epidemiologic studies . much of the attention that bioflavonoids have attracted is due mainly to the french paradox . this is the di...	the most abundant polyphenol in green tea , epigallocatechin-3-gallate ( egcg ) , has recently received considerable attention due to the discovery of numerous health - promoting bioactivities . despite reports of its poor oral bioavailability , egcg has been included in many dietary supplement formulations...
ancient infection of germline cells with exogenous retroviruses established a genome - wide random embedment of proviruses , called endogenous retroviruses ( ervs ) , and mendelian genetics governs their inheritance to the offsprings . ervs are reported to exist in the genome of all vertebrates and constitute approxi...	envelope ( env ) proteins of certain endogenous retroviruses ( ervs ) participate in various pathophysiological processes . in this study , we characterized pathophysiologic properties of two murine leukemia virus - type erv ( mulv - erv ) env genes cloned from the ovary of c57bl/6j mice . the two env genes ( named e...
fcs was used to determine the relative affinity of -syn100 for large unilamellar vesicles ( luvs ) composed of 100% popg or 1:1 ( mol / mol ) pg : pc under dilute conditions . binding of fluorescently labeled protein to unlabeled vesicles results in a shift in the autocorrelation curves to the right ( longe...	we have investigated the membrane remodeling capacity of the n - terminal membrane - binding domain of -synuclein ( -syn100 ) . using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy and vesicle clearance assays , we show that -syn100 fully tubulates popg vesicles , the first demonstration that the amphipathic helix on ...
fibrillary glomerulonephritis ( fgn ) , a rare glomerular disease was first described in 1977 . this rare entity is characterized by the presence of elongated , nonbranching randomly arranged microfibrils ( 1030 nm ) in the mesangium and/or glomerular capillary wall . ultrastructurally , the microfibrils seen in fg...	fibrillary glomerulonephritis ( fgn ) is a rare primary glomerular disease that commonly presents clinically with hypertension , proteinuria , microscopic hematuria , and varying degree of renal insufficiency . histologically , fgn can present with different patterns of glomerular injury , more commonly mesangioproli...
coagulase - negative staphylococci ( cons ) , especially staphylococcus epidermidis , are considered as normal epithelial flora of every human in different parts of the body such as nares , head and axilla , with an essential role in maintaining the normal flora of healthy skin ( 1 ) . s. epidermidis is also recogniz...	background : coagulase - negative staphylococci ( cons ) , especially staphylococcus epidermidis , are considered as normal flora of human epithelia and also important opportunistic pathogens for nosocomial infections . s. epidermidis can also act as a reservoir for meca , responsible for high - level resistance to m...
pemphigus vulgaris ( pv ) is a chronic autoimmune mucocutaneous disease that usually manifests first in the oral cavity and may later spread to the skin or other mucous membranes . apart from ulcers , vesicles , bullae and pustular lesions , it can present solely as mucosal erosions . herein we report a case of intra...	pemphigus vulgaris ( pv ) is an autoimmune blistering disease affecting the mucous membrane and skin . typically , oral lesions appear before skin lesions , and in a majority of the cases only oral lesions are present . the dentist may then be the first to recognize and diagnose this disease . it is unusual for p...
. basically , there are two different outcomes of drowning , death on the spot of drowning , and survival from the initial apnoea . however , with the lower respiratory tract challenged by water , the survivor may suffer acute lung injury ( ali ) , which is characterized by developing pulmonary inflammation and edema ....	the aim of the present study was to examine the effects of 3,5,4-tri - o - acetylresveratrol on connexin 43 ( cx43 ) in acute lung injury ( ali ) in rats induced by tracheal instillation of artificial seawater . different doses ( 50 , 150 , and 450 mg / kg ) of 3,5,4-tri - o - acetylresveratrol were administered ora...
the success of contemporary and modern endodontics relies upon adequate knowledge of root canal anatomical variations and use of advanced diagnostic and treatment modalities . recent studies and reviews have shown success rates up to 95% in teeth with irreversible pulpitis and 85% in teeth with necrotic root canals ....	this case report describes the successful non - surgical endodontic management of carious exposed three - rooted mandibular molar with four root canals detected on the pre - operative radiograph taken with 20 degrees mesial angulation and confirmed with a 64-slice helical computed tomography scan - assisted 3-d - recon...
spontaneous pseudoaneurysm of the femoral artery is extremely a rare entity.(1 ) it can be secondary to the rupture of a true aneurysm , but in most events the cause is unclear.(2 ) most patients with non - atherosclerotic pseudoaneurysms of sfa are asymptomatic initially and later present with a pulsatile , expanding ...	spontaneous femoral artery pseudoaneurysm is a rare disease and reported cases are very few . most of them are related to underlying pathology either atherosclerotic disease or connective tissue disease . we present a 29-year - old healthy man with two months history of a painful pulsating mass at the level of the lo...
obesity is one of the most significant and rapidly increasing health problem today , giving rise to an explosion in health care costs . the amount of energy we consume and how much we move around are the key factors in body weight regulation , but why a positive energy balance emerges in the majority of individuals i...	human obesity has evolved into a global epidemic . interestingly , a similar trend has been observed in many animal species , although diet composition , food availability and physical activity have essentially remained unchanged . this suggests a common factor potentially an environmental factor affecting all spe...
in the aged one , the auditory loss , is one of the three more prevalent chronic conditions , being behind only of the arthritis and the hypertension1 2 . according to3 , approximately 90% of the people with superior age the 80 years present auditory loss . when it occurs in function of the aging process it is know...	summary introduction : the aging process provokes structural modifications and functional to it greets , compromising the postural control and central processing . studies have boarded the necessity to identify to the harmful factors of risk to aged the auditory health and security in stricken aged by auditory def...
the transportation sector of the united states accounts for over 70% of the nation 's total petroleum consumption , and 57% of the petroleum is imported . in addition , use of petroleum - based fuels contributes to accumulation of greenhouse gases ( ghg ) in the atmosphere . due to concerns of energy security and ghg...	size reduction is the first step for manufacturing biofuels from woody biomass . it is usually performed using milling machines and the particle size is controlled by the size of the sieve installed on a milling machine . there are reported studies about the effects of sieve size on energy consumption in milling of...
osteopontin ( opn ) is a matricellular protein originally isolated from the bone , expressed by various cell types including macrophages , dendritic cells , and activated t cells . opn mediates several biological functions such as bone remodeling , macrophage response , cell migration , and adhesion , and it is invol...	osteopontin is a proinflammatory cytokine and plays a pathogenetic role in multiple sclerosis and its animal model , experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis ( eae ) , by recruiting autoreactive t cells into the central nervous system . osteopontin functions are modulated by thrombin cleavage generating n- and c - t...
chalcones ( 1,3-diphenyl-2-propen-1-ones ) are known to possess a range of important biological activities , such as antibacterial , antifungal , antileishmanial , antimalarial , antifilarial anti - inflammatory [ 68 ] , antiprotozoal ( antileishmanial and antipanosomal ) , antimicrobial [ 1013 ] , larvicidal , ant...	simple syntheses of the benzo - fused 26-membered macrocyclic bischalcone ( 19e,43e)-2.11.27.36-tetroxaheptacyclo[44.4.0.04,9.012,17.021,26.029,34.037,42]pentaconta-1(46),4(9),5,7,12(17),13,15,19,21,23,25,29,31,33,37,39,41,43,47,49-icosaene-18,45-dione ( 3 ) and the benzo - fused 13-membered macrocyclic chalcone ( 19e)...
the measuring health and disability in europe ( mhadie ) was funded as part of the 6th framework programme by the european commission to be developed between 2005 and 2008 . the main aim of the project was to demonstrate the feasibility and utility of the world health organisation s international classification of fu...	introductionthe measuring health and disability in europe ( mhadie ) was funded as part of the 6th framework programme by the european commission to be developed between 2005 and 2008 . the main aim of the project was to demonstrate the feasibility and utility of the world health organisation s international classifi...
the onset of seizures is usually before the age of 12 months in developmentally normal infants . the first seizure type is usually clonic , generalized or unilateral and triggered by fever . the diagnosis of ds is based on the clinical phenotype ; however , mutations in the scn1a gene can be found in 7585% of patie...	background and purposedravet syndrome ( ds ) is a severe , drugresistant epilepsy . fenfluramine has been reported to have a longterm clinically meaningful anticonvulsive effect in patients with ds.methodsthis prospective , openlabel study assessed the safety and effectiveness of lowdose fenfluramine in a new cohort ...

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