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most of the dual infections cause a diagnostic dilemma and require a high degree of suspicion in susceptible individuals .
however , dual infections with mucormycosis may follow a fulminant course and may be associated with higher mortality and morbidity .
we hereby report coinfection of pulmonary tuberculosis ( tb... | herein , we present the case report of an adult male diabetic patient who had coinfection with mycobacterium tuberculosis and mucormycosis , which otherwise is a rare clinical entity .
diabetes mellitus may predispose a patient to tuberculosis ( tb ) infection which further weakens immune system thus making him susce... |
research into tumor cell metabolism has recently entered a new age ( cairns et al . , 2011 ; kroemer and pouyssegur , 2008 ) . although this field was actively explored in the pre - genomics era , the discovery of tumor suppressor genes and oncogenes dampened interest in metabolism as a potential source of cancer cell ... | hypoxia and oncogene expression both stimulate glycolytic metabolism in tumors , thereby leading to lactate production .
however , lactate is more than merely a by - product of glycolysis : it can be used as a metabolic fuel by oxidative cancer cells .
this phenomenon resembles processes that have been described fo... |
obstructive sleep apnea ( osa ) is a clinical disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of upper airway collapse during sleep .
it is well known that osa patients have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease ( cvd ) and death [ 14 ] .
many factors play a role in pathogenesis of atherosclerosis , such as syst... | backgroundobstructive sleep apnea ( osa ) is known to be closely associated with cardiovascular disease .
carotid intima - media thickness ( imt ) is widely used for assessment of atherosclerosis .
mean platelet volume ( mpv ) is a new marker associated with atherothrombosis . in this study
, we aimed to detect e... |
the numbers of children and adolescents under 18 years of age receiving ssi have almost quadrupled from 1989 ( 275,000 ) to the current level of approximately 1 million ( social security administration , 1996 ) . along with an income benefit ,
ssi enrollment brings medicaid insurance in almost all states , even where... | the supplemental security income ( ssi ) program for children and adolescents has experienced a fourfold enrollment growth since 1989 .
most ssi recipients also receive medicaid , and ssi growth could therefore lead to major new medicaid expenditures if new ssi recipients were not previous medicaid enrollees . using ... |
the incidence of infections due to extended - spectrum -lactamase ( esbl)-producing bacteria has increased rapidly in recent years and poses a worldwide threat to health care .
the close relationship between esbl production and multidrug resistance leaves only a few treatment options for infections commonly caused by... | backgroundit is important to identify patients who are at risk for infections with extended - spectrum -lactamase ( esbl)-producing bacteria in order to reduce mortality , to avoid spread of resistant bacteria in hospitals , and to minimize the number of patients receiving unnecessary treatment with broad - spectrum an... |
for 40 years , the use of osseointegrated implants has shown to be a supplementary modality for treating full or partial edentulism . since the early 1990s , providing shorter treatment periods to patients has become a major focus first via the one - stage surgical technique and then through the immediate loading pro... | statement of problem .
low scientific evidence is identified in the literature for combining implant placement in fresh extraction sockets with immediate function . moreover
, the few studies available on immediate implants in postextraction sites supporting immediate full - arch rehabilitation clearly lack compreh... |
ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ( opll ) , a result of heterotopic ossification , can induce spinal canal stenosis and lead to the development of severe myelopathy .
there have been numerous studies of surgical techniques or clinical outcomes for opll of the cervical spine.1 in contrast , there ar... | purposelittle is known about the prevalence and epidemiological characteristics of lumbar ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament ( opll ) .
we analyzed the rate of lumbar opll in an outpatient unit where primary care physicians are working in japan , to better understand the epidemiological characteristi... |
primary cutaneous apocrine gland carcinoma , a subtype of sweat gland carcinoma , is an extremely rare malignant neoplasm [ 1 , 2 , 3 ] .
most of these neoplasms involve the axilla , but lesions can also occur elsewhere on the skin . most often , they are indolent and slowly developing , but some are rapidly progress... | cutaneous apocrine gland carcinoma , a subtype of sweat gland carcinoma , is a very rare malignancy , and only few cases have been reported in the literature .
many of these carcinomas are indolent and slowly developing , but some are rapidly progressive .
the treatment of choice is wide local excision with clear m... |
research on materials used for hard / soft tissue regeneration has focused on those that are degradable and capable of stimulating new tissue formation . in this context ,
they can be prepared in different forms : blocks , rods , powder , fibres , or microtubes according to the intended application [ 14 ] .
for ins... | this study challenged to produce phosphate - based glasses ( pbg ) for the treatment of osseous defects .
the glasses contained , among other components , 40 mol% cao and 15 mol% tio2 . the mechanical performance and in vitro biocompatibility using both human osteosarcoma and primary osteoblasts were carried out . ... |
latinos constitute the largest and most rapidly growing ethnic group in the us . currently and over the past twenty years
, non - latino adolescent alcohol use has declined , yet alcohol use among latino youth has remained high . the latino population continues to grow and is at a high risk because of the trends in d... | the purpose of this study is to further the understanding of how parenting and the relationship between the parent and the youth influence adolescent alcohol use in mexican american families , with particular attention to acculturation .
results indicated that parental warmth is a strong factor in predicting adolesce... |
ethics statement - this study was in accordance with the ethical
standards of the national ethical clearance committee of brazil as well as with the
ethical committee for human research of the oswaldo cruz foundation ( cep - fiocruz ) and
the evandro chagas clinical research institute ( cep - ipec / fiocruz ) and... | in human cutaneous leishmaniasis ( cl ) , the immune response is mainly mediated by
t - cells .
the role of cd8 + t - lymphocytes , which are related to healing or
deleterious functions , in affecting clinical outcome is controversial .
the aim of
this study was to evaluate t - cell receptor diversity in late... |
it has been suggested previously that the malignant potential of prostate cancer correlates strongly with the size of the primary cancer . reflecting this ,
numerous studies have also shown that prostate cancer volume correlates with other prognostic indicators and with progression after radical prostatectomy .
the... | purposethe purpose of this study was to evaluate whether predicted tumor volume could predict pathologic stage in patients undergoing radical prostatectomy.materials and methodsthe clinical and pathologic data of 236 patients who underwent a 12-core needle biopsy followed by radical prostatectomy were obtained from our... |
the whi was designed to address the major causes of morbidity and mortality in postmenopausal women ( 18 ) , including both multicenter clinical trials and an observational study .
details of the scientific rationale , eligibility requirements , and baseline characteristics of the participants in the whi have previou... | objectiveepidemiological evidence of diabetes as a lung cancer risk factor is limited and conflicting .
therefore , we assessed associations among diabetes , diabetes therapy , and lung cancer risk in postmenopausal women participating in the women s health initiative ( whi ) study.research design and methodspostmeno... |
after w. c. von roentgen discovered x - rays in 1896 , a german dentist , o. walkhoff , used radiographs for dental diagnosis . at the beginning of the last century , attempts were made to image the whole jaw with intraoral radiography .
panoramic technique developed to image the teeth and jaws became an essential el... | objectives : orthopantomographs are commonly used for diagnosis in clinical dentistry . although the manufacturers claim a constant magnification effect , the reliability of measuring dimensions on the panoramic radiographs is not clear .
the aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of measuring vertical dimens... |
heterotopic pancreas ( hp ) is pancreatic tissue that develops in areas other than the normal site of the pancreas , having no anatomical or vascular continuity with the normal pancreas [ 1 , 2 ] .
hp of the small intestine , if enlarged , may be diagnosed due to symptoms such as ileus , bowel intussusception , melen... | heterotopic pancreas ( hp ) is typically an asymptomatic malformation that can present anywhere along the gastrointestinal tract .
it is often detected incidentally on surgery for other diseases or autopsy .
we encountered 2 patients with jejunal hp incidentally detected by computed tomography ( ct ) performed for ... |
gemcitabine is a chemotherapy agent frequently elected to treat solid tumors , including breast , colonic , ovarian , pancreatic , and non - small cell lung cancers [ 112 ] .
metastatic gallbladder cancer is a complex and uncommon event [ 1417 ] . in this report
, we describe a case of gallbladder metastatic coloni... | gemcitabine is a chemotherapy agent that may cause unpredictable side effects . in this report
, we describe a fatal gemcitabine - induced pulmonary toxicity in a patient with gallbladder metastatic adenocarcinoma .
a 72-year - old patient was submitted to an elective laparoscopic cholecystectomy , and a tubular ad... |
socioeconomic inequalities in mortality are the most widely documented evidence of social disparities in health globally.1 the recognition that health is not only the result of current circumstances , but rather of multiple processes operating across the entire life course , has led scholars to investigate the associat... | backgroundample evidence has shown that early - life social conditions are associated with mortality later in life .
however , little attention has been given to the strength of these effects across specific age intervals from birth to old age .
in this paper , we study the effect of the family 's socioeconomic pos... |
cervical radiculopathy is caused by the compression of the cervical nerves or nerve
roots1 . a herniated intervertebral disc ,
the common
symptoms of cervical radiculopathy involve pain , muscle weakness spreading into the neck and
upper extremities , loss of sensation2 , and
proprioception deficits3 .
alth... | [ purpose ] cervical radiculopathy is a clinical condition associated with pain , numbness
and/or muscle weaknesses of the upper extremities due to a compression or irritation of
the cervical nerve roots .
it is usually managed conservatively but surgical intervention
is sometimes required for those who fail to... |
to date , safety data of immune checkpoint inhibitors in patients with an underlying autoimmune disease are scarce .
this report provides information of the use of immune checkpoints inhibitors in real - world clinical practice , such in patients with autoimmune disorders .
although our patient presented with a gra... | immune checkpoint inhibitors , such as ipilimumab ( an anti - ctla4 antibody ) , have become a commonly used therapy in cancer .
to date , safety data of patients with underlying autoimmune disease is limited .
we present a case of a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who was diagnosed of a braf - mutant metastatic ... |
this was a multi - institute , single - group clinical trial conducted at seoul st .
approval was granted by the respective institutional review boards of each institute , and a clinical trial permit was obtained from the ministry of food and drug safety .
this study was carried out in accordance with the tenets of... | purposethe purpose of this multi - institute , single - group clinical trial was to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of toric orthokeratology lenses for the treatment of patients with combined myopia and astigmatism.methodsa total of 44 patients were included in this clinical trial .
the patients ranged in age f... |
pseudotumor cerebri ( ptc ) is a condition that classically presents with optic disc elevation and edema resulting from increased intracranial pressure in absence of hydrocephalus , space occupying lesion , or any other intracranial disease .
studies show that obese women in their childbearing years are most frequent... | papilledema is considered a neuro - ophthalmic emergency because of its capacity to induce irreversible end - organ damage and the often grave nature of its precipitating factor .
even more concern is warranted when papilledema presents in a pediatric setting .
after excluded the contributions of intracranial masse... |
healthcare - seeking behaviors declined markedly during the ebola epidemic ( 2 ) , which likely contributed to probable underreporting of measles cases , a fact further substantiated by the lack of fatalities reported to dps .
although there are wide variances in estimates of measles case - fatality rates , a large s... | during public health crises such as the recent outbreaks of ebola virus disease in west africa , breakdowns in public health systems can lead to epidemics of vaccine - preventable diseases .
we report here on an outbreak of measles in the prefecture of lola , guinea , which started in january 2015 . |
it also causes damage to deoxyribonucleic acid ( dna ) and dna - protein cross - links and induces cellular death .
there is a direct relationship between the effects of ionizing radiation and the type of tissue receiving the radiation and the absorbed radiation dose .
dental radiology represents the most frequentl... | objectives : this study aimed to compare a number of new nano - composites capable of protecting the jaw from ionizing radiation.materials and methods : four different types of nano - powders [ ti , zr ( iv ) oxide , ag and co ] were mixed in a polymer matrix to create nano - composites with doping values of 8% in weig... |
antituberculosis drug - induced hepatitis is one of the most prevalent drug - induced liver injuries ( 1 ) .
rifampin ( rif ) , isoniazid ( inh ) , pyrazinamide ( pza ) and ethambutol ( emb ) are first line chemotherapeutic agents in treatment of tuberculosis ( tb ) ( 2 - 5 ) . among these drugs ,
hepatotoxicity of... | the aim of this study was to determine the association of n - acetyltransferase-2 polymorphisms and anti - tuberculosis drug - induced hepatotoxicity in iranian pulmonary tuberculosis patients .
acetylating phenotypes was studied in 50 iranian pulmonary tuberculosis patients using metabolic ratio of plasma acetyl - i... |
enzyme replacement therapy ( ert ) is currently the major form of treatment for a number of lysosomal storage diseases , although its efficacy varies among the individual disorders . most of these inherited disorders arise from the lack of activity of a single lysosomal enzyme , which leads to the accumulation of the m... | several lysosomal enzymes currently used for enzyme replacement therapy in patients with lysosomal storage diseases contain very low levels of mannose 6-phosphate , limiting their uptake via mannose 6-phosphate receptors on the surface of the deficient cells .
these enzymes are produced at high levels by mammalian ce... |
composite resins are routinely used as restorative materials in anterior and posterior teeth due to the resins ' excellent aesthetics,1 their strong mechanical and physical properties,2 and their high resistance to dissolution.3 however , despite improvements in resin composite formulations over the years , polymerizat... | objectives : this study aimed to evaluate the extent of microleakage of a single type of composite resin ( clearfil majesty posterior , kuraray , osaka , japan ) following different preheating procedures in class v cavities prepared with a diamond bur or er : yag ( erbium : yttrium aluminum garnet ) laser.methods:the s... |
the normal total body iron content of 34 g is the result of a tight balance between iron absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract and iron lost in stool , sweat and via shed skin cells .
if the iron supply or gastrointestinal tract absorption of dietary iron exceeds the amount needed , there is no mechanism to elimin... | disturbances in iron metabolism can be genetic or acquired and accordingly manifest as primary or secondary iron overload state
. organ damage may result from iron overload and manifest clinically as cirrhosis , diabetes mellitus , arthritis , endocrine abnormalities and cardiomyopathy .
hemochromatosis inherited a... |
urinary incontinence ( ui ) is well - known to profoundly affect the qol ( quality of life ) of
women
. many cases of ui are stress urinary incontinence ( sui ) , and the success of pelvic
floor muscle ( pfm ) exercise in the management of sui has been confirmed by multiple
randomized controlled studies .
pfm... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to devise a new urinary incontinence exercise
using co - contraction of both the transverse abdominal muscle ( ta ) and pelvic floor muscle
( pfm ) and examine the intervention effect in middle - aged women with stress urinary
incontinence ( sui ) .
[ subjects ] the sub... |
more than one available pathologic examination was available for 10 patients due to tumor recurrence , and for these cases the initial paraffin blocks were used for our study .
a total of 118 undergoing craniotomy or stereotactic biopsy in seoul national university bundang hospital from may 2003 to september 2011 , a... | backgroundglioblastomas may develop de novo ( primary glioblastomas , p - gbls ) or through progression from lower - grade astrocytomas ( secondary glioblastomas , s - gbls ) .
the aim of this study was to compare the immunohistochemical classification of glioblastomas with clinically determined p - gbls and s - gbls... |
cyclic peptides have a
number of properties that make them useful
for biomedical applications . the constraints of cyclization give them
a smaller accessible conformational space than acyclic peptides , which
leads to a smaller loss of entropy when they bind to a receptor .
they are also very stable because t... | cyclic tetrapeptides are an important class of biologically
active
molecules that exhibit interesting conformational dynamics , with slow
interconversion of several different structures .
we present calculations
on their energy landscapes using discrete path sampling . in acyclic
peptides and large cyclic p... |
hospitalized patients , especially those in intensive care units ( icus ) , require specialized care .
their critical health conditions make them more dependent on a multidisciplinary team able to provide ethical , humane , and clinical help , especially in their daily activities .
most of these patients are not ab... | objective : to assess the level of knowledge and difficulties concerning hospitalized patients regarding preventive oral health measures among professionals working in intensive care units ( icus).study population and methods : a cross - sectional survey was conducted among 71 health professionals working in the icu . ... |
colorectal carcinoma ( crc ) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide . as a major life - threatening malignancy
, crc ranks second to lung carcinoma in men , third to breast cancer and lung cancer in women , and overall second to other cancer types in men and women .
approximately 142,820 new cases w... | colorectal carcinoma ( crc ) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide .
two pathogenic pathways are involved in the development of adenoma to crc .
the first pathway involvesapc/-catenin characterized by chromosomal instability resulting in the accumulation of mutations .
the second pathway is chara... |
it has been described in patients with increased venous pressure and stasis caused by venous insufficiency , congenital / acquired arteriovenous anomalies , arteriovenous shunts and lower limb paralysis or amputation stumps .
different names , like congenital dysplastic angiopathy , pseudo - kaposi sarcoma , and acra... | acroangiodermatitis is a rare self - limited angioproliferative lesion which can be associated with congenital vascular malformations or acquired venous insufficiency . despite of its benign character , differential diagnosis of this lesion
is very important because it closely resembles kaposi sarcoma . here
we pre... |
there are three common
types of protein glycosylation that modify
large numbers of protein substrates in mammalian cells .
proteins localized
to the secretory pathway and the cell surface or secreted into the
extracellular space can be modified by oligosaccharide structures ,
such as n - linked glycosylatio... | metabolic chemical reporters ( mcrs )
of glycosylation are analogues
of monosaccharides that contain bioorthogonal functionalities and
enable the direct visualization and identification of glycoproteins
from living cells . each mcr was initially thought to report on specific
types of glycosylation .
we and ... |
regular physical activity ( pa ) has many physical and mental health benefits for older adults including lowering the risk of early death , improving bone health , increasing cardiorespiratory and muscular fitness , decreasing levels of body fat , and reducing anxiety and depression . to achieve these benefits ,
the ... | the purpose of this study was to determine if electronic messaging would increase min of aerobic physical activity ( pa ) among older adults .
participants were active older adults ( n = 28 ; m age = 60 years , sd = 5.99 , and range = 5174 years ) .
using an incomplete within - subjects crossover design , participa... |
in a number of clinical situations , concomitant use of two or more drugs is imperative . in particular in chronic disease treatment course , patients must take more than one drug for an extended period of time .
in this course , many drug interactions have received a great deal of attention to avoid any side effects... | objective . the study aimed to evaluate the influences of coadministration of antiepileptic drugs ( aeds ) on an antimalarial candidate 99/411 pharmacokinetic ( pk ) profile
. method . for this
, single oral dose pk drug interaction studies were conducted between 99/411 and fda approved aeds , namely , phenytoin ( ... |
the neurovascular unit is comprised of the endothelial cells which make up the vessels as well as several other associated cell - types including astrocytes and perivascular cells such as pericytes and smooth muscle cells .
pericytes wrap around vessels and are in direct contact with endothelial cells via gap junctio... | one challenge of neuroscience educators is to make accessible to students as many aspects of brain structure and function as possible .
the anatomy and function of the cerebrovasculature is among many topics of neuroscience that are underrepresented in undergraduate neuroscience education . recognizing this deficit ,... |
it is defined by the national institutes of health ( nih ) by having at least three of the following conditions : central obesity , elevated triglycerides , low high - density lipoprotein cholesterol , hypertension or elevated fasting plasma glucose . although it is widely accepted that lifestyle factors such as obesit... | metabolic syndrome is a growing cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide .
metabolic syndrome is characterized by the presence of a variety of metabolic disturbances including obesity , hyperlipidemia , hypertension , and elevated fasting blood sugar .
although the risk for metabolic syndrome has largely been att... |
brazil boasts the greatest plant diversity on the world ( approximately 55,000 species of higher plants ) .
brazilian plants represent a large source of potentially therapeutic compounds , a variety of which have been used in attempts to treat several infectious and/or inflammatory conditions .
esenbeckia species ,... | despite the fact that esenbeckia leiocarpa , a brazilian plant , possesses potential anti - inflammatory properties , its effect in neutrophils , key players in inflammation , has never been investigated . in this study ,
a crude hydroalcoholic extract ( che ) was used to evaluate the potential toxic or agonistic eff... |
acne vulgaris is a common inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit , which affects up to 87% adolescence and 54% of adults with varying degrees of severity .
left untreated or inadequately treated , acne vulgaris can lead to psychological and physical scarring .
treatment improves the qol of patients with ... | background : oral isotretinoin is highly effective in all forms and grades of acne , even in lower dosages ( < 0.5 mg / kg / day ) .
there is a paucity of comparative data on the various low - dose regimens of oral isotretinoin in the indian literature.objectives:to assess and compare the efficacy and tolerability of... |
choledochal cysts are congenitally malformed thin walled , dilated , intrahepatic or extrahepatic bile ducts .
these cysts offer a major challenge for diagnosis and treatment during pregnancy because of the altered physiology associated with it .
there has to be fine balance between the benefits as well as the risk... | with the advent of newer radiological investigations , choledochal cysts are being diagnosed more often in present era .
these cysts are commonly diagnosed in early childhood and infancy , although some go undetected to be diagnosed in adulthood .
these malformations are associated with multiple complications like ... |
the introduction of osseointegration and the use of endosseous implants provide alternative treatment options to clinicians for all indications of edentulism.1 implant - supported , fixed restorations are usually classified as screw- or cement - retained.2,3 the advantage of screw - retained restorations is the combina... | the major drawback of cement - retained restorations is the extrusion of the excess cement into the peri - implant sulcus , with subsequent complications .
insufficient removal of the excess cement may initiate a local inflammatory process , which may lead to implant failure .
this article presents a method of cont... |
the cerebral abscess is a common central nervous system infection that can result from trauma , hematogenous spread , or spread from an adjacent infection such as otitis media or sinusitis . despite exhaustive searches ,
15 to 30% of abscesses are termed cryptogenic when no source of infection is identified20 ) . a d... | brain abscess commonly occurs secondary to an adjacent infection ( mostly in the middle ear or paranasal sinuses ) or due to hematogenous spread from a distant infection or trauma .
pulmonary arteriovenous fistulas ( avfs ) are abnormal direct communications between the pulmonary artery and vein .
we present two ca... |
in the field of dentistry , gingival hypertrophy ( gh ) is a common presenting complaint , especially among patients belonging to pediatric age group .
gingivitis is a commonly occurring phenomenon since the oral cavity is a potential site for active infection as it is constantly exposed to pathogenic microorganisms ... | acute leukemia is the most common malignant disorder of childhood .
acute leukemia is characterized by marrow failure due to the replacement of marrow elements by leukemic blasts .
gingival hypertrophy ( gh ) due to acute myeloid leukemia ( aml ) in a child is extremely rare . here
, we report a case of aml ( sub... |
interferon - alfa ( ifn- ) monotherapy has been found with normalization of alanine aminotransferase ( alt ) levels in a few patients diagnosed as non - a , non - b hepatitis even before hepatitis c virus ( hcv ) was identified as the chief etiologic agent in this diagnosis . in 1989 ,
the first cases of successful t... | since 1986 , interferon - alfa ( ifn- ) monotherapy has been administered for patients with chronic hepatitis c ( chc ) . however , sustained response rate is only about 8% to 9% .
subsequent introduction of ribavirin in combination with ifn- was a major breakthrough in the treatment of chc .
sustained virological ... |
twelve adult beagle dogs , 110 years old and weighing 9.515.8 kg , were used in this study .
dogs were divided into a conscious group ( n=6 ) and a sedated group ( n=6 ) .
all dogs were
healthy based on physical examination and normal cbc and serum biochemistry including
alanine aminotransferase , aspartate ami... | contrast - enhanced ultrasonography ( ceus ) of the hepatic vein can assess intrahepatic
hemodynamic changes and has been studied as a noninvasive method to assess the severity of
portal hypertension and hepatic fibrosis in humans .
however , few reports have described
its usefulness in veterinary medicine . th... |
in the century of spectacular medical therapies , there is still a lack of substance that may protect the brain cells against neurodegeneration . since the discovery of neurosteroids , scientists have made a great effort to evaluate their function , including possible neuroprotective properties . according to most comm... | neurosteroids were initially defined as steroid hormones locally synthesized within the nervous tissue .
subsequently , they were described as steroid hormone derivatives that devoid hormonal action but still affect neuronal excitability through modulation of ionotropic receptors .
neurosteroids are further subdivi... |
streptococcus pneumoniae otherwise call pneumococcus has remained an extremely important human bacterial pathogen since its initial recognition in the late 1800s and remained an important public health concern throughout the world .
globally it is the most common cause of community - acquired pneumonia ( cap ) , spo... | background : an alarming increase in infections due to penicillin non - susceptible pneumococci ( pnsp ) has been documented in nearly all countries .
increasingly , pnsp are also resistant to other antibiotics , and a growing number of clinical failures following the use of these agents have been reported.aims:to de... |
during malignant transformation , cells undergo stages of gene expression reprogramming and mutagenesis that alter their metabolic phenotype(s ) [ 15 ] . initial stimuli ( not all known ) dysregulate information signaling and activate oncogenes and/or cancer stem cells , resulting in a partial glycolytic warburg
phe... | isocitrate dehydrogenase 2 ( idh2 ) is located in the mitochondrial matrix .
idh2 acts in the forward krebs cycle as an nadp+-consuming enzyme , providing nadph for maintenance of the reduced glutathione and peroxiredoxin systems and for self - maintenance by reactivation of cystine - inactivated idh2 by glutaredoxin... |
panel of samples - in this study , we included 34 samples from long - term
residents of an endemic amazon rural community , colniza , state of mato grosso ( mt ) ;
subclinical malaria infections were characterised in this area during a detailed
descriptive epidemiology study carried out between 2003 - 2009 ( maci... | the polymerase chain reaction ( pcr)-based methods for the diagnosis of malaria
infection are expected to accurately identify submicroscopic parasite carriers .
although a significant number of pcr protocols have been described , few studies have
addressed the performance of pcr amplification in cases of field sa... |
tgf- is a multi - functional cytokine and its signaling pathway contributes to a wide range of immunological and biological effects on various cell types and several diseases .
tgf- has regulatory functions in cell proliferation , differentiation , migration , and survival that affect multiple biological processes su... | endoglin ( also known as cd105 or tgf- type iii receptor ) is a co - receptor involved in tgf- signaling . in atherosclerosis , tgf- signaling is crucial in regulating disease progression owing to its anti - inflammatory effects as well as its inhibitory effects on smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration .
end... |
acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ( adem ) is an immune - mediated , demyelinating disease of the central nervous system . in 50 to 75% of all cases , the clinical onset of disease
is preceded by viral or bacterial infections , mostly nonspecific upper respiratory tract infections . in children who are diagnosed w... | acute disseminated encephalomyelitis ( adem ) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system that typically follows an infection or vaccination and has a favorable long - term prognosis .
we describe the first reported case of adem after vaccination against novel influenza a ( h1n1 ) . a previ... |
a 56-year - old caucasian male with polycythemia vera controlled with interferon alpha treatment for 2 years presented to our institution with decreased vision , greater on the right than left , scintillating scotomata , and floaters .
intraocular pressures were 14 mmhg in the right eye ( od ) and 12 mmhg in the left... | we describe the course and likely pathophysiology of impending anterior ischemic optic neuropathy ( aion ) and retinal vein occlusion in a 56-year - old man with polycythemia vera managed with interferon alpha for 2 years . our patient presented with decreased vision , scintillating scotomata , and floaters .
fundus ... |
acute bacterial meningitis ( abm ) is an important cause of childhood mortality and those who survive are at a higher risk of developing permanent neurological disability .
worldwide meningitis was estimated to cause 1 , 73 , 000 deaths in 2002 , most of them were children from the developing world ( 1 ) . in the hig... | abstractbackgroundbacterial meningitis is still the leading cause of high morbidity and mortality among the children .
the present study was conducted to determine the epidemiology , clinical characteristics of bacterial meningitis and to evaluate the risk factors associated with developing the infection.methodsthis ... |
crohn 's disease ( cd ) and ulcerative colitis ( uc ) are two types of inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) of unknown aetiology that result in significant morbidity and health expenditure .
recent data suggests that the prevalence of ibd in general practice in the uk has exponentially increased to around 400 per 100,0... | inflammatory bowel disease ( ibd ) is characterised by an inappropriate chronic immune response against resident gut microbes .
this may be on account of distinct changes in the gut microbiota termed as dysbiosis .
the role of fungi in this altered luminal environment has been scarcely reported .
we studied the f... |
the piriformis muscle ( pm ) is located posterior to the hip joint and passes out of the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen , dividing it into two topographic areas of utmost clinical importance : suprapiriform and infra - piriform foramina . due to the fact that a large number of invasive medical procedures ar... | backgroundthe aim of this study was to determine relationships between piriformis muscle ( pm ) and sciatic nerve ( sn ) with reference to sex and anatomical variations.material/methodsdeep dissection of the gluteal region was performed on 30 randomized , formalin - fixed human lower limbs of adults of both sexes of th... |
a 60-year - old male was referred to the asan medical center for a nodule in the left lower lobe ( lll ) .
the nodule was incidentally detected during the preoperative evaluation of gallstone , for which he underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at an outside hospital three months prior to his presentation to us .
... | we report a rare case of granular cell tumor arising in the left lower lobe ( lll ) bronchus with secondary obstructive change in a 60-year - old male . the patient was found to have a nodule in the lll on a computed tomography scan , three months prior to his presentation to the asan medical center .
bronchoscopic b... |
w klinice , w ktrej pracuj autorzy , rdoperacyjne badanie ultrasonograficzne jest wykonywane w codziennej praktyce .
badania rdoperacyjne przeprowadzane byy przez chirurga , ktry dokonywa oceny przed zabiegiem , co pozwolio na weryfikacj rozpozna .
przytoczony materia dotyczy 145 procedur ious wykonywanych podczas ... | both acute and chronic inflammation of the pancreas often lead to complications that nowadays can be resolved using endoscopic and surgical procedures . in many cases , intraoperative ultrasound examination ( ious )
enables correct assessment of the extent of the lesion , and allows for safe surgery , while also shor... |
this process requires insulin , a peptide hormone that lowers glycemia by triggering the uptake of glucose into cells . as the exclusive source of insulin , pancreatic cells play an essential role in glucose homeostasis .
they are responsible for the production , storage and release of insulin in a manner that is str... | abstractthe failure of pancreatic cells to supply insulin in quantities sufficient to maintain euglycemia is a hallmark of type 2 diabetes .
perturbation of cell cholesterol homeostasis , culminating in elevated intracellular cholesterol levels , impairs insulin secretion and has therefore been proposed as a mechani... |
chronic otitis media is characterized by a defect to the tympanic membrane , conductive hearing loss ( or mixed hearing loss where the concurrent sensorineural component is involved ) , and permanent or periodical discharge from the ear .
depending on the character of lesions to the middle ear mucous , different type... | backgroundmiddle ear surgery aims to eliminate pathology from the middle ear , improve drainage and ventilation of the postoperative cavity , and reconstruct the tympanic membrane and ossicles.the aim of this work is to define the factors that affect abg ( air - bone gap ) and bone conduction in the patients operated o... |
hypertension is associated with increased peripheral resistance , resulting predominantly from functional , structural , and mechanical alterations at the level of small - resistance arteries .
functional alterations , which include an impaired endothelial function , are mainly assessed as an impaired acetylcholine -... | reactive oxygen species are oxygen derivates and play an active role in vascular biology .
these compounds are generated within the vascular wall , at the level of endothelial and vascular smooth muscle cells , as well as by adventitial fibroblasts . in healthy conditions ,
ros are produced in a controlled manner a... |
the income , prestige , and authority of doctors in most western countries reflects their omnipotence amongst health care professionals and their power within our society .
however , concurrent with the increasing number of women entering medicine , there has been a recent decrease in that power .
for example , a s... | backgroundthe nurse - doctor relationship is historically one of female nurse deference to male physician authority .
we investigated the effects of physicians ' sex on female nurses ' behaviour.methodsnurses at an urban , university based hospital completed one of two forms of a vignette - based survey in january , ... |
the data sources for this study include the u.s . census bureau ( 6 ) and the search study ( 2,3,711 ) .
population by ages ( 0 , 1 , 2, ,19 years ) , race / ethnicity ( nhw , non - hispanic black [ nhb ] , hispanic , asian and pacific islander [ api ] , american indian / alaska native [ aian ] ) , and sex , as well... | objectiveto forecast the number of u.s .
individuals aged < 20 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus ( t1 dm ) or type 2 diabetes mellitus ( t2 dm ) through 2050 , accounting for changing demography and diabetes incidence.research design and methodswe used markov modeling framework to generate yearly forecasts of the n... |
myelodysplastic syndromes ( mds ) describe a heterogeneous group of malignant hematopoietic stem cell disorders which characterized by dysplastic and ineffective blood cell production and a variable risk of transformation to acute leukemia . because of a variable reduction in production of normal blood cells , a variet... | abstractbackgroundthe aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of rheumatologic manifestations associated with mds.methods:eighty patients with mds were evaluated by history and physical examination for inflammatory rheumatologic disorders from jan 2013 to may 2014 .
patients who had any ... |
a 4-year - old neutered male labrador retriever presented to the washington state university veterinary teaching hospital neurology service following an acute worsening of thoracolumbar pain .
the dog had previously been diagnosed with diskospondylitis via radiography by a referring veterinarian and had not responded... | key clinical messagea 4-year - old male castrated labrador retriever presented for severe spinal pain .
radiographs and magnetic resonance imaging showed evidence of diskospondylitis and meningoencephalomyelitis .
blood culture revealed a geosmithia argillacea fungal infection after dna sequencing , initially misdi... |
salivary gland tumors occurring in the sublingual gland are rare as compared to other locations , such as the parotid and submandibular glands . among malignant salivary gland tumors , the most frequent type is adenoid cystic carcinoma , followed by adenocarcinoma and carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma .
the malignant ... | we report a case of carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma of a sublingual gland in a 70-year - old man . under a clinical diagnosis of benign salivary gland tumor , excision of the mass with the sublingual salivary gland in an en bloc fashion via an intraoral approach was performed .
histopathologically , there was a rupt... |
the dpp enrolled 3,234 participants with igt and fasting hyperglycemia who were at least 25 years of age and had bmi of 24 kg / m or higher ( 22 kg / m in asian americans ) ( 3 ) .
mean age was 51 years of age and mean bmi was 34.0 kg / m ( 3 ) .
sixty - eight percent were women , and forty - five percent were memb... | objectivethe diabetes prevention program ( dpp ) and its outcomes study ( dppos ) demonstrated that either intensive lifestyle intervention or metformin could prevent type 2 diabetes in high - risk adults for at least 10 years after randomization .
we report the 10-year within - trial cost - effectiveness of the inte... |
the authors have designed a dual - sided electrosurgery handpiece where a cylindrical electrode used for cutting and a spherical electrode used for coagulation are combined at the opposite ends of the same handpiece allowing alternative use of the two electrodes with a simple handpiece flip .
the device could be a si... | objectiveto introduce and evaluate the safety of a novel dual - sided electrosurgery handpiece design for simultaneous tissue cutting and coagulation.methodswe designed a prototype double - sided handpiece allowing automatic switching between two electrodes with a simple handpiece flip .
the concept of the system as ... |
chronic complications are the major outcome of type 2 dm ( t2 dm ) progress , which reduces the quality of life of patients , incurs heavy burdens to the healthcare system , and increases diabetic mortality . after adjusting for age , the death rate of people with t2 dm is about twice as high as their non - diabetic pe... | background : the risk for diabetic nephropathy in type 2 diabetes is about 30 - 40% , and it is considered the leading cause of end - stage renal disease .
small dense low - density lipoprotein ( sdldl ) particles are believed to be atherogenic , and its predominance has been accepted as an emerging cardiovascular ri... |
heart failure ( hf ) is a common medical problem , in which the heart fails to meet the peripheral tissue demands at a normal filling pressure .
the global prevalence of hf is estimated to be 2.33.9% per annum.[24 ] around 25 million people around the world are suffering from hf , and each year 2 million new cases of... | background : heart failure ( hf ) is a common medical problem with a high impact on public health .
evidence of gender difference in management of hf is scarce .
we conducted a retrospective study to evaluate the presence of gender difference in management of hf patients admitted to the tertiary care hospital in th... |
natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery ( notes ) is on the forefront of surgical technique and is pushing the perceptions and boundaries of abdominal surgery , as laparoscopy did when first introduced .
however , in spite of enthusiasm on behalf of researchers for the technical aspects of notes , what will t... | natural orifice translumenal endoscopic surgery ( notes ) is on the forefront of surgical technique , but existing research has produced mixed results regarding factors associated with interest in the procedure .
our objective was to ascertain patient opinions at a canadian centre regarding scarless surgery .
a sur... |
the supraspinatus is one of the rotator cuff muscles ; it is positioned at the supraspinous
fossa and under the trapezius and it abducts the shoulder joints to rotate externally1 , 2 .
the rotator cuff muscles are highly important for dynamic stability of the shoulders , but it
is the supraspinatus that plays an ... | [ purpose ] the purpose of this study was to determine the changes in the supraspinatus
cross - sectional areas according to shoulder abduction angles , using ultrasonography .
[ subjects and methods ] the subjects consisted of 40 individuals ( 20 males and 20 females ) .
the cross - sectional areas of the supras... |
caspases coordinate , in a proteolytic cascade and with the help of other proteases , the rapid and efficient elimination of a cell by apoptosis .
they are classified into monomeric initiator caspases ( caspase-8 and -9 ) with long prodomains ( death effector domain [ ded ] , and caspase recruitment domain [ card ] )... | undoubtedly , caspases are the major driving force for apoptosis execution and mechanisms of their activation and inhibition have been largely unveiled .
recent progress has been made with regard to the exact intracellular ordering of caspases , monitoring their activities in vivo and unveiling their substrate degrad... |
the world health organization estimated that worldwide , 10 million people were diagnosed with cancer in 2000 , and that the cancer incidence rate would increase by 50% to 15 million by 2020 .
furthermore , as treatment outcomes improve and cancer patients have an increased survival21 ) , the incidence and prevalence... | objectivethe incidence and prevalence of spinal metastases are increasing , and although the role of radiation therapy in the treatment of metastatic tumors of the spine has been well established , the same can not be said about the role of stereotactic radiosurgery . herein , the authors present a systematic review re... |
despite existing initiatives to integrate health services in the americas health care fragmentation remains a significant challenge .
excessive fragmentation leads to difficulties in access to services , delivery of services of poor technical quality , inefficient use of resources , increases in production costs , an... | introductiondespite existing initiatives to integrate health services in the americas health care fragmentation remains a significant challenge .
excessive fragmentation leads to difficulties in access to services , delivery of services of poor technical quality , inefficient use of resources , increases in productio... |
crohn s disease is a chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that may involve any part of the alimentary tract , although the ileum is the most frequent location .
the presenting symptoms are variable and include abdominal pain , growth failure , and , less commonly , diarrhea . in the early stages , crohn s disea... | intussusception is usually considered a childhood condition , but it may also be present in adults , where it is more often associated with an underlying pathology . there is no agreement upon the correct treatment of adult intussusception , although surgical intervention is considered necessary .
resection without p... |
preterm birth , as one of the pregnancy problems , is the leading cause of neonatal mortality and the second cause of child deaths under the age of 5 .
it is defined as birth before 37 weeks of gestation , which affects 518% of the pregnancies . for the families and health - care systems , short- and long - term morb... | background : preterm labor ( ptl ) is the main challenge in prenatal health care , leads to high rate of mortality and increases cost of health services . to evaluate the preterm delivery ( ptd)-related risk factors
, we decided to measure nitrite oxide metabolites and cervical length ( cl ) as the diagnostic and pre... |
interventional radiology is a clinically - oriented specialty that employs image guidance in order to perform minimally invasive diagnostic and therapeutic procedures.1 technological developments of imaging equipment coupled with the advanced engineering of pinhole therapeutic applicators and minuscule endovascular ins... | interventional radiological percutaneous procedures are becoming all the more important in the curative or palliative management of elderly frail patients with multiple underlying comorbidities .
they may serve either as alternative primary minimally invasive therapies or adjuncts to traditional surgical treatments .... |
this cross - sectional study was carried out in a university hospital in shiraz , iran .
this hospital was selected because of the availability and the subsequent enthusiasm of its nursing managers .
this hospital admits patients from southern iran , and nurses who work in this hospital play a vital role in providi... | background : nurses play a crucial role in patient - care .
therefore , assessing nurses clinical competence is essential to achieve qualified and safe care .
the aim of this study was to determine and compare the competence assessments made by head nurses and practicing nurses in a university hospital in iran in 2... |
a great number of patients with major injuries [ 13 ] suffer from accidental hypothermia ranging from 12 to 66% [ 4 , 5 ] . in the current literature ,
an increase of mortality has been demonstrated below a core temperature of 34c in patients with multiple injuries , this temperature threshold seems to be critical in... | numerous multiple trauma and surgical patients suffer from accidental hypothermia .
while induced hypothermia is commonly used in elective cardiac surgery due to its protective effects , accidental hypothermia is associated with increased posttraumatic complications and even mortality in severely injured patients .
... |
after birth , the neonate must transition to the gastrointestinal system as the primary source of nutrition .
in premature newborns , the gastrointestinal system and other organ systems in the body are underdeveloped .
this is a challenge because the neonatologist must assess the function of the intestine for manag... | backgroundnear - infrared spectroscopy ( nirs ) has the potential to continuously and noninvasively monitor intestinal function
. this technology may be valuable because among neonates , intestinal maturity is highly variable and difficult to assess based solely on clinical signs .
the aim of this study was to dete... |
spigelian hernia ( sh ) is a ventral hernia that occurs through slit - like defects in the anterior abdominal wall adjacent to the semilunar line .
adriaan van der spiegel is credited as the first to describe the semilunar line in 1645 . however , in 1764 klinkosch1 described a spontaneous lateral ventral hernia spec... | spigelian hernia ( sh ) is a surgical rarity in children , which occurs through slit - like defects in the anterior abdominal wall adjacent to the semilunar line , the convexity lateral line which joins the nine ribs to the pubic tubercle and signs the limit between the muscular and aponeurotic portion of transversus a... |
studies on asthmatic patients and animal models of allergy have demonstrated that th2 cells produce cytokines il-4 , il-5 , and il-13 and thus contribute to development of asthma characterized by airway inflammation , mucus hypersecretion , and airway hyperresponsiveness .
however , the mechanisms through which nave ... | as one of the most common sources of indoor aeroallergens worldwide , cockroach is important in causing rhinitis and asthma while the mechanisms underlying remain obscure . since t helper ( th ) type 2 polarization plays an important role in the pathogenesis of allergic diseases , we investigated the effect of bla g 7 ... |
this study compared travel histories of c. gattii infected case - patients with travel patterns of the general public to validate and refine these risk areas on vi .
we also examined spatial progression of these areas over time to assess whether c. gattii spread from a single focal point since its emergence in 1999 ... | we compared travel histories of case - patients with cryptococcus gattii infection during 19992006 to travel destinations of the general public on vancouver island , british columbia , canada .
findings validated and refined estimates of risk on the basis of place of residence and showed no spatial progression of ris... |
cutaneous manifestations of crohn s disease ( cd ) typically present as lesions that are contiguous with the gastrointestinal tract , such as peri - oral and peri - anal lesions [ 1 , 2 ] .
vulval involvement , mostly due to distant spread of granulomata ( metastatic cd ) , is rare , especially in children [ 2 , 3 ] ... | vulval involvement in crohn s disease ( cd ) is rare , particularly in children .
the clinical features include erythema , edema , ulceration , and labial skin tags .
the authors present two cases of children with vulval cd . in both cases ,
marked labial edema was the presenting feature .
in one patient the im... |
despite advances in diagnostic techniques , fever of unknown origin ( fuo ) remains a formidable challenge , with the cause of fever not being identified in 7%38% of patients.1 oren - gedoku - to ( ogt ) has been used traditionally to remove heat and poison from the body.2 on the basis of this theory in oriental me... | oren - gedoku - to is a traditional medicine used for treating inflammatory conditions and is given by prescription in japan , people s republic of china , and korea .
its anti - inflammatory effect is related to the arachidonate cascade and inhibition of cyclo - oxygenase , but research on other anti - inflammatory ... |
adequacy of nutritional support has significant importance in clinical outcomes of critically ill - patients .
nutritional therapy in critically ill - patients improves wound healing , reduces rates of certain complications and mortality seems to reduce .
enteral nutrition is recommended as the first option for mos... | background and aims : studies comparing jejunal and gastric nutrition show inconsistent results regarding pneumonia .
the aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of pneumonia comparing gastric with jejunal nutrition .
secondarily , we evaluated 28th day intensive care unit ( icu ) mortality rate and other c... |
micrornas ( mirnas ) are small non - coding rnas of approximately 19 to 25 nucleotides that post - transcriptionally regulate gene expression .
they bind to the 3'-untranslated region ( utr ) of their target messenger rnas ( mrnas ) through complementary recognition , which then leads to mrna degradation or repressio... | micrornas ( mirnas ) are endogenous small rna molecules best known for their function in post - transcriptional gene regulation .
immunologically , mirna regulates the differentiation and function of immune cells and its malfunction contributes to the development of various autoimmune diseases including systemic lupu... |
down syndrome is popularly known as trisomy 21 , because it is a genetic disorder caused by a presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21 , patterson .
globally , as of 2010 , down syndrome occurs in about 1 per 1000 live births and results in about 17,000 deaths .
most of the hospitals in bangladesh... | there is lack of information in the medical literature on clinically diagnosed down syndrome children presenting with diarrhea .
our aim was to describe our experience with down syndrome patients admitted with diarrhea by evaluating the factors associated with down syndrome presenting with diarrheal illness . in this... |
a team from oxford outcomes , inc . , in collaboration with the american academy of orthopedic surgeons ( aaos ) , developed a survey of orthopedic practices to determine if the orthopedic practice had onsite mri capacity , and if so the type of mri capacity ( extremity or full body ) , the date of acquisition for the ... | background : despite ongoing policy debate , little is known about the growth in orthopedic surgery practices with onsite magnetic resonance imaging ( mri ) capacity , or practice characteristics associated with the acquisition of in - office mri equipment.methods : in july 2012 , american academy of orthopaedic surgeo... |
the presence of an indwelling urinary catheter ( iuc ) is the principal risk factor for catheter - associated urinary tract infection ( cauti ) development . despite the risk of prolonged catheter placement
, few hospitals actively track catheterized patients , and providers are often not aware of the presence of cat... | catheter - associated urinary tract infections ( cautis ) are preventable complications of hospitalization .
an interdisciplinary team developed a curriculum to increase awareness of the presence of indwelling urinary catheters ( iucs ) in hospitalized patients , addressed practical , primarily nurse - controlled inp... |
most teratomas are immature in nature , and solid lesions having few focii of cystic degeneration , only 2 - 4% of lesions are predominantly cystic ( the more mature and well differentiated ) in nature whatever the case might be , these lesions usually present with signs and symptoms attributable to mass effect . o... | trichoptysis is a rare symptom , but pathognomonic of a teratoma having a bronchial communication .
thoracic teratomas are usually located within the anterior mediastinum , but rarely present with trichoptysis , as transpleural erosion of a mediastinal teratoma into lung and hence bronchial tree is exceedingly rare .... |
anterior post - traumatic dislocation of the shoulder is the most common type of dislocation and is caused by excessive external rotation and hyperextension of the arm in the overhead direction .
as the humeral head is levered out of the glenoid , the anterior post - traumatic dislocation of the shoulder can be assoc... | primary post - traumatic anterior dislocation of the shoulder with associated fracture of the greater tuberosity and brachial plexus injury is rare and , to our knowledge , has never previously been reported in the literature .
we present a case of this unhappy triad in which a brachial plexus injury was diagnosed an... |
over the past several decades , researchers understanding of the causes and treatment of diseases has grown exponentially .
apart from the financial issues , lack of access to providers , and cultural factors which are most often cited , literacy is one of the prime social determinants .
literacy has recently emerg... | background : poor literacy can impede one 's ability not only to seek out needed health information but also to process , understand and use it to make appropriate health care decisions . the objective of the study was to assess the health literacy among adult patients seeking oral health care at in a private dental ho... |
dna in all eukaryotic organisms is bound by nucleosomes , forming a physiological chromatin context in which all molecular processes involving dna operate .
the integrity of the chromatin template is constantly compromised by fundamental biological processes , such as dna replication , repair , and transcription , fo... | summarythe integrity of chromatin , which provides a dynamic template for all dna - related processes in eukaryotes , is maintained through replication - dependent and -independent assembly pathways . to address the role of histone deposition in the absence of dna replication
, we deleted the h3.3 chaperone hira in d... |
a 73 year - old patient with mild hemophilia b ( factor ix clotting activity 12% ) was referred to our department due to a left renal tumor incidentally discovered during ultrasonography performed as follow - up two years after prostate cancer brachytherapy . on admission
abdominal and pelvic ct scans revealed a mul... | surgery in patients with hemophilia is a serious challenge .
it requires a comprehensive approach , as well as careful postoperative monitoring .
we present here the first case of a transperitoneal laparoscopic radical nephrectomy ( tlrn ) for renal cell carcinoma , of the clear - cell type , performed in a hemophi... |
viruses are major pathogens in all kingdoms of life . single - stranded ( ss)rna viruses make up a significant fraction of these pathogens with detrimental impacts on human health
. their control via vaccination will only ever be possible for a limited subset of examples , so innovative routes to antiviral therapy ar... | the formation of a protective protein container is an essential step in the life - cycle of most viruses . in the case of single - stranded ( ss)rna viruses ,
this step occurs in parallel with genome packaging in a co - assembly process .
previously , it had been thought that this process can be explained entirely ... |
junn virus ( junv ) is a south american arenavirus , the etiological agent of a severe endemo - epidemic disease called argentine hemorrhagic fever ( ahf ) .
arenaviridae is a family composed of a growing number of enveloped viruses with a bipartite single stranded rna genome .
members of the arenaviridae family we... | arenaviridae comprises 23 recognized virus species with a bipartite ssrna genome and an ambisense coding strategy .
the virions are enveloped and include nonequimolar amounts of each genomic rna species , designated l and s , coding for four orfs ( n , gpc , l , and z ) .
the arenavirus junn ( junv ) is the etiolog... |
in critical care , as in other areas of health care , clinicians are faced with rising health care costs and aging and increasingly complex patients .
furthermore , the rate of research knowledge production is outstripping our ability to incorporate this information into patient care .
these factors , as well as th... | information and communication technology has the potential to address many problems encountered in intensive care unit ( icu ) care , namely managing large amounts of patient and research data and reducing medical errors .
the paper by morrison and colleagues in the previous issue of critical care describes the adver... |
stroke patients are characterized by an asymmetric posture due to decreased movement , and
this asymmetric posture makes balance control in a standing posture difficult , as a result
of the center of pressure moving toward the lower limb of the unaffected side , triggering
problems with postural control ability1 ... | [ purpose ] this study examined the effects of an ankle - foot orthosis worn during balance
training on lower limb muscle activity and static balance of chronic stroke patients .
[ subjects ] the subjects were twenty - five inpatients receiving physical therapy for chronic
stroke .
[ methods ] the chronic strok... |
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