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The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is likely to be poor if the site of the tumour is:: (A) Orbit, (B) Extremity, (C) Para testicular, (D) Urinary bladder | Answer is B. The prognosis of rhabdomyosarcoma is likely to be poor if it involves the extremity. Extremity rhabdomyosarcomas in adolescents and young adults usually have alveolar histologic characteristics and carry a worse prognosis. Other poor prognostic factors associated with it includes age less than 1 and more t... | |
The rate-limiting step in the synthesis of coisol is catalyzed by: (A) 21-Hydroxylase, (B) 3b-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, (C) Cholesterol side-chain cleavage enzyme, (D) 11b-Hydroxylase | Answer is C. The first and rate-limiting step in all steroid biosynthesis is catalyzed by cholesterol sidechain cleavage enzyme, resulting in pregnenolone and isocaproic acid. | |
Cardiac index ratio is determined by: (A) CO & surface area, (B) Stroke Volume & surface area, (C) Surface area only, (D) Peripheral resistance | Answer is A. None | |
Peripoal fibrosis is caused by?: (A) Methotrexate, (B) Phenytoin, (C) Thorotrast, (D) Halothane | Answer is A. Methotrexate. This drug is a well-established cause of hepatic fibrosis and cirrhosis. These complications are best recognized following long-term use of the agent in inflammatory disorders such as psoriasis and rheumatoid ahritis, although cases have also followed administration for neoplastic diseases. T... | |
Bacterial "finger printing" illustrate that periodontal pathogens are: (A) Contagious, (B) Non-contagious, (C) Transmissible within member of same colonies, (D) Non transmissible | Answer is C. None | |
Stylohyoid ligament is derived from:: (A) 1st branchial arch, (B) 2nd branchial arch, (C) 1st branchial pouch, (D) 2nd branchial pouch | Answer is B. Ans. B 2nd branchial archRef: Gray's Anatomy, 41st ed. pg. 449* The stylohyoid ligament is a fibrous cord extending from the tip of the styloid process to the lesser cornu of the hyoid bone. It gives attachment to the highest fibres of the middle pharyngeal constrictor and is intimately related to the late... | |
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma arises form -: (A) Myothelium, (B) Epithelium, (C) Acinus, (D) Mucin secreting and epidermal cells | Answer is D. Mucoepidermoid carcinomas are composed of variable mixtures of squamous cells, mucus-secreting cells, and intermediate cells.
"The low-grade mucoepidermoid carcinoma is composed of largely mucin-secreting cells, whereas in high-grade tumors, the epidermoid cells predominate."- Schwartz
They are the most co... | |
Positive Fouchet's test gives which color?: (A) Red, (B) Green, (C) Violet, (D) Yellow | Answer is B. Fouchet's test : This test is also employed for the detection of bile pigments. Bile pigments are adsorbed on barium sulfate. Fouchet's reagents (containing ferric chloride in trichloroacetic acid) oxidizes bilirubin to biliverdin (green) and bilicyanin (blue).
Satyanarayana, Ed 3, Pg No 767 | |
A CKD patient had to undergo dialysis. His Hb was 5.2gm% so two blood transfusions were to be given. First bag was completed in 2 hours. Second was staed and midway he developed shoness of breath, hypeension. Vitals: BP 180/120 mm Hg and pulse rate 110/min. What is the cause?: (A) Allergic, (B) Transfusion related circ... | Answer is B. This C.K.D patient has developed severe anemia which is a compensated hea failure state. The patient was given first unit of blood in two hours instead of standard four hours and he is already in compensated hea failure. The acute decompensation due to volume overloading that has subsequently occurred will... | |
The factories Act (1976) prohibits employment of a person below -: (A) 10 years, (B) 14 years, (C) 18 years, (D) 21 years | Answer is B. Ans. is `b' i.e., 14 years | |
Most stable amino acid at the physiological pH is: (A) Histidine, (B) Lysine, (C) Arginine, (D) Glycine | Answer is A. As histidine titrates in the physiological pH range it remains stable. | |
Trolly tract sign is seen in -: (A) Achondroplasia, (B) Psoriatic ahritis, (C) Osteopetrosis, (D) Ankylosing spondylitis | Answer is D. Trolly track sign : The Central radiodense line on frontal radiographs is related to ossification of supraspinous and interspinous ligaments. In addition, there are two more lateral veical linear lines, which represent ossification of the apophyseal joint capsules. The three veical ossified lines together ... | |
Pulsatile liver and ascites is found in:: (A) TR, (B) Critical pulmonary stenosis, (C) MR, (D) MS | Answer is A. . Ans. a. TR Hepatomegaly with systolic pulsations (of the liver} and ascites are typically seen in tricuspid regurgitation.Tricuspid Regurgitation (TR)* The clinical features of TR result primarily from systemic venous congestion and reduction in cardiac output.Typical Physical Examination Findings in Tri... | |
Which of the following is a treatment option for Volkmann's ischemia?: (A) Fasciotomy, (B) Cock up splint, (C) Bone shortening, (D) Turn buckle splint | Answer is A. Ans. A. FasciotomyVolkmann's ischemia is synonymous with Compartment syndrome. If the same is missed, there occurs necrosis followed by fibrosis of forearm flexors leading to a flexion contracture in hand also called as Volkmann's ischemic contracture. | |
Migratory thrombophlebitis is associated with the following malignancies except -: (A) Lung cancer, (B) Prostate cancer, (C) Pancreas cancer, (D) Gastro-intestinal cancer | Answer is B. Ans. is None or 'b' i.e., Prostate cancer "Multifocal migratory thrombophlebitis has been associated with numerous malignancies especially in patients younger than 50 years of age. It is most commonly found with GI cancer, but also lung, prostate, ovary, as well as leukemias and lymphomas. It may be relate... | |
Child has lesion on buttocks since 2 year spreading peripherally with central scarring non symptomatic diagnosis-: (A) Erythema annular cetrifugam, (B) Erythema migrains, (C) Eiythema marginatum, (D) Erythema Gyratum | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., Erythema annuiase cetrifugam o Erythema annulare centrifugum : an asymptomatic or pruritic eruption of variable duration. The eruption may be associated with an underlying disease (eg, infection, malignancy, sarcoidosis, other systemic illness)o The eruption begins as erythematous papules... | |
Piezoelectric handpiece: (A) Is ultrasonic instrument, (B) Linear motion, (C) More efficient than magnetostrictive handpiece, (D) v All of the above | Answer is D. None | |
Thornwaldt's abscess treatment does not include: (A) Antibiotics, (B) Marsupialization, (C) Removal of lining, (D) Antihistaminics | Answer is D. Treatment includes- Antibiotics to treat infection Marsupialization of cystic swelling Adequate removal of its lining membrane Ref: Textbook of ENT, Dhingra; 6th edition; Pg no: 245 ref img | |
Which of the following is true about multiple sclerosis except -: (A) Nystagmus on abducting eye, (B) Nystagmus on adducting eye, (C) One and half syndrome, (D) Pendular nystagmus | Answer is B. None | |
A 2 month old child has a respiratory rate of 45/ minute. He is not accepting feeds from last 4 days and shows sign of dehydration. Which type of pneumonia is this: March 2013 (c): (A) No pneumonia, (B) Pneumonia, (C) Severe pneumonia, (D) Very severe pneumonia | Answer is C. Ans. C i.e. Severe pneumonia In children below 2 months of age, presence of any of the following indicates severe disease: Fever (38 degree C or more) Convulsions Abnormally sleepy or difficult to wake Not feeding Tachypnea Altered sensorium etc. | |
Fall in alkalinity of Ca(OH)2 wheh used as a root canal dressing starts at: (A) 1 week, (B) 2 week, (C) 4 week, (D) 12 week | Answer is A. None | |
Most common inherited childhood tumor is:: (A) Leukemia, (B) Neuroblastoma, (C) Retinoblastoma, (D) Wilms tumor | Answer is C. Retinoblastoma is a neuroectodermal malignancy arising from embryonic retinal cells. It is the most common intraocular tumor in pediatric patients and causes 5% of cases of childhood blindness. Retinoblastoma is the prototype of hereditary cancers due to a mutation in the retinoblastoma gene (RB1), which i... | |
In Burkitts lymphoma, translocation seen is chromosome: (A) 12 - 14 translocation, (B) 8 - 14 translocation, (C) 4 - 8 translocation, (D) 12 - 18 translocation | Answer is B. Answer is B (8 - 14 translocation) Presence oft (8; 14) or one of its variants t (2; 8) or t (8; 22) can be confirmatory - Harrison 16th/ 652. Impoant translocation to be remembered | |
False statement about cleft palate repair is: March 2011: (A) Hemoglobin should be 10 gram%, (B) Weight should be 10 pounds, (C) Repaired immediately after bih, (D) 2 stage procedure if associated with cleft lip | Answer is C. Ans. C: Repaired immediately after bih Timing of primary cleft palate procedures: Soft palate alone: One operation at 6 months Soft and hard palate: 2 operations; Soft palate at 6 months and hard palate at 15-18 months | |
The legal responsibilities of an intoxicated person is given under Section______ of IPC:: (A) 82, (B) 83, (C) 84, (D) 85 | Answer is D. Ans. d. 85 (Ref: Reddy 33/e p290-297, 400-401, 411-414 28/e p423-426; Textbook on the Indian Penal Code by Krishna Deo Gaur 4/e p594; the-indian-penal-code-pdf-d74214920)The legal responsibilities of an intoxicated person are given under section 85 of IPC.Section 193 in the Indian Penal Code deals with pun... | |
All are true regarding menstrual regulation except:: (A) It comes under MTP act, (B) Blood loss is less, (C) Done upto 12 weeks, (D) General anesthesia not needed | Answer is C. Ans. is c i.e. Done upto 12 weeks Menstrual regulation - consists of aspiration of contents of uterine cavity by means of plastic cannula (Karman's cannula) and a plastic 50 cc syringe. It is carried out effectively within 14 days of beginning of LMP. A paracervical block or pre-operative sedative alone su... | |
Which of the following is true about Constitutional Delay in growth?: (A) Neonates with constitutional delay show anomalies at bih, (B) IGF-1 levels are low for chronological age, (C) Bone age is normal, (D) IGF-1 levels are low for bone age | Answer is B. Constitutional growth delay is a physiological variant of sho stature. Here children grow normally upto 6-12 months of life. Thereafter, there is deceleration such that the height and weight fall below the 3rd centile. By 3 yrs of age,normal height velocity is resumed and continues to grow below and parall... | |
A 32-year-old male with a painless lymph node in the cervical region. Lymph node biopsy showed normal thyroid gland features. The thyroid is normal on palpation clinically. The diagnosis is: (A) Lateral aberrant thyroid, (B) Follicular carcinoma thyroid with metastatic lymph nodes, (C) Papillary carcinoma thyroid, (D) ... | Answer is C. Thyroid tissue present in cervical lymph nodes in the face of a clinically normal thyroid gland is a metastasis from an occult primary thyroid carcinoma
Occasionally, a metastatic papillary thyroid cancer manifests as a painless lateral neck mass that is clinically detected before detecting the primary thy... | |
The 27-year-old male triathlon competitor complained that he frequently experienced deep pains in one calf that almost caused him to drop out of a regional track-and-field event. Doppler ultrasound studies indicated, and surgical exposure confirmed, the existence of an accessory portion of the medial head of the gastro... | Answer is B. The tendons of the semitendinosus and semimembranosus provide the superior medial border of the popliteal fossa. The semitendinosus inserts with the pes anserinus on the proximal, medial tibia. The semimembranosus inserts on the tibia posteriorly. The biceps femoris forms the superior lateral border of the... | |
All of the following are layers of the scalp except -: (A) Skin, (B) Periosteum, (C) Galea Aponeurotica, (D) Dura | Answer is D. Ans. is 'd' i.e., Dura o A mnemonic for the layers of the scalp is:# SCALPo This is particularly helpful when considering the location of a scalp haematoma.# S: skin# C: connective tissue# A: (galea) aponeurosis# L: loose connective tissue# P: periosteumo A retractor is applied between the galea aponeuroti... | |
The number of major hormones produced by the anterior pituitary gland is: (A) 4, (B) 5, (C) 6, (D) 7 | Answer is C. Six major hormones produced by anterior pituitary gland are Prolactin (PRL), Growth hormone (GH), Adrenocoicotropin hormone (ACTH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) & Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH).Reference: Harrison 19th edition 401e-1 | |
Glaucomflecken are seen in:: (A) Open angle glaucoma, (B) Uveitis, (C) Retinitis pigmentosa, (D) Angle closure glaucoma | Answer is D. Angle-closure glaucoma can have the appearance of glaucomflecken. Glaucomflecken are small anterior subcapsular opacities secondary to lens epithelial necrosis resulting from acute angle-closure glaucoma. - Signs of Angle closure glaucoma :Stony hard eye, steamy cornea, Veically oval mid-dilated non reacti... | |
Frontal lobe function: (A) Personality, (B) Memory, (C) Vision, (D) Calculation | Answer is A. The frontal lobe plays a large role in voluntary movement. It houses the primary motor coex. The function of the frontal lobe involves the ability to project future consequences resulting from current actions, the choice between good and bad actions (or better and best) (also known as conscience), the over... | |
Enterobacteriaceae are A/E - rpt: (A) Pseudomonas, (B) Klebsiella, (C) V. Cholera, (D) Proteus | Answer is A. rpt question | |
Movements taking place during abduction of shoulder joint are all except?: (A) Medial rotation of scapula, (B) Axial rotation of humerus at acromioclavicular joint, (C) Elevation of humerus, (D) Movements at clavicular end of sternoclavicular joint | Answer is A. Medial rotation of scapula. Abduction of the ann involves rotation of the scapula as well as movement at the shoulder joint. For every 3deg abduction, a 2 deg abduction occurs in the shoulder joint & 1 deg abduction occurs by rotation of the scapula Also know: Abduction is initiated by the supraspinatus bu... | |
Tentative cuts are seen in -: (A) Accidental injury, (B) Fall from height, (C) Suicidal attempt, (D) Homicidal assault | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Suicidal attempt * Hesitation cuts (Tentative cuts or trial cuts) are characteristic features of suicidal attempt. | |
Nucleus ambiguos is related to all cranial nerve except: (A) VIII, (B) IX, (C) X, (D) XI | Answer is A. Cells in nucleus ambiguous contain motor neurons associated with three cranial nerves : (rostral pole-glossopharyngeal; middle pa-vagus; caudal pole-spine accessory). Axons arising from nucleus ambiguous pass laterally and slightly ventrally to exit the medulla just dorsal to the inferior olive. Facial ner... | |
Chandler Index is 225. What is the interpretation?: (A) Potential danger to community, (B) No danger, (C) Minor public health problem, (D) Major public health problem | Answer is A. Chandler Index This is the average number of hookworm eggs per gram of faeces for the entire community (Average number of eggs per gram of stools). (Ref. Park PSM 18thed.195) | |
According to cephalo caudal gradient of growth axis of growth:: (A) Decreases from head towards feet., (B) Increases from head towards feet., (C) Increases from feet towards head ., (D) Decreases from feet towards head. | Answer is B. Axis of growth increases from Head towards Feet
3rd month IU = Head 50% of Body length
Birth : Head 30% of body length
Adult = Head 12% of that of body length. | |
To differentiate restrictive cardiomypathy and constrictive pericarditis, features favouring constrictive pericarditis are -a) Diastolic pressures are equalisedb) There is mild pericardial effusionc) Thick pericardium is presentd) RV size in increased: (A) ad, (B) c, (C) ac, (D) ab | Answer is A. None | |
Capsule of pneumococcus is:: (A) Polypeptide, (B) Polysaccharide, (C) Lipopolysaccharide, (D) Not a Virulence factor | Answer is B. Polysaccharide | |
Vectors for Plague transmission: (A) X. cheopis, (B) X. astia, (C) Pulex irritans, (D) All of the above | Answer is D. The commonest and the most efficient vector of plague is the rat flea , X. cheopis, but other fleas may also transmit the infection, e.g., X. astia, X. brasiliensis and Pulex irritans(human flea). Both sexes of the flea bite and transmit the disease. Ref: Pg No:320;park Textbook ,25th Edition | |
Drug of choice for cheese reaction is: (A) Prazosin, (B) Phentolamine, (C) Pentazocine, (D) Phenoxybenzamine | Answer is B. Phentolamine is the drug of choice in CHEESE REACTION It is a rapidly acting alpha blocker with sho duration of action (in minutes). It is non selective alpha blocker therefore blocks both alpha 1 and 2 Non Selective a Blockers Selective a1 Blockers Irreversible - Phenoxybenzamine - Used for pheochromocyto... | |
Referred pain in external haemorrhoids is due to -: (A) Common pudendal nerve, (B) Inferior rectal nerve, (C) Splanchnic nerve, (D) Sympathetic nerve | Answer is B. Pain sensation below the pectinate line is carried by inferior rectal nerve, a branch of pudendal nerve. | |
Which testicular tumor produces feminizing symptoms?: (A) Seminoma, (B) Teratoma, (C) Leydig cell tumour, (D) Seoli cell tumour | Answer is D. Interstitial cell tumours arise from Leydig or Seoli cells. A Leydig cell tumour masculinises; a Seoli cell tumour feminises.Seoli cell tumours typically present as a testicular mass or firmness, and their presence may be accompanied by gynaecomastia (25%)Bailey and Love 26e pg: 1386 | |
Inquest is conducted by magistrate in case of -: (A) Police firing, (B) Traffic accident, (C) Railway accident, (D) Rape | Answer is A. None | |
A child presents with Hepatosplenomegaly, Abdominal distension, Jaundice, Anemia and Adrenal calcification. Which of the following is the Diagnosis?: (A) Adrenal hemorrhage, (B) Pheochromocytoma, (C) Wolman's disease, (D) Addison's disaease | Answer is C. Wolman disease is caused by mutations in the lysosomal acid lipase (LIPA) gene and is inherited as an autosomal recessive trait.
Wolman disease is the most severe expression of LAL deficiency; a milder form of LAL deficiency is known as cholesteryl ester storage disease (CESD). | |
In exhausted child with severe bronchiolitis, for every 10 mm Hg increase in PCO2, how many milliEq of bicarbonate will increase:-: (A) 2, (B) 4, (C) 8, (D) 1 | Answer is D. Bronchiolitis is most common type of acute lower respiratory tract infections in children and young infants. Most common causative agent is respiratory syncytial virus. It's mostly seen in age group 6months to 3years C/F hyperinflated chest, respiratory distress of varying degree, hypoxia. Rx is mainly sup... | |
A Gridiron incision becomes a Rutherford Morison's incision is extended by -: (A) Splitting the muscles laterally, (B) Cutting the muscles laterally, (C) Cutting the muscles medially into the rectus sheath, (D) Incising vertically along the rectus muscle | Answer is B. None | |
Ionising radiation acts on tissue depending upon:: (A) Linear acceleration energy, (B) Excitation of electron from orbit, (C) Formation of pyrimidine dimers, (D) Thermal injury | Answer is B. Ans. Excitation of electron from orbit | |
The most malignant form of malignant melanoma is ?: (A) Nodular, (B) Hutchinson's melanotic freckle, (C) Acral lentiginous type, (D) Superficial spreading | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e. Nodular Schwaz 9/e p415 writes that- "In general, there is no significant difference between different histologic tumor types in terms of prognosis, when matched for tumor thickness, gender, age, or other. Nodular melanomas have the same prognosis as superficial spreading types when lesion... | |
Pentose phosphate pathway (HMP shunt pathway) produces -: (A) ATP, (B) ADP, (C) NADH, (D) NADPH | Answer is D. HMP shunt pathway gives NADPH and ribose-5-phosphate. | |
Which of the following methods can be used to detect rubella infection in children -: (A) T4 cell count, (B) Fetal hemoglobin, (C) IgM antibody in fetal blood, (D) IgA Antibody in fetal blood | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., IgM antibody in fetal blood Laboratory diagnosis o Isolation of virus in cell cultures of throat samples, urine or other secretions. o Normally, maternal rubella antibodies in the form of IgG is transferred to infants and is gradually last over a period of 6 months. Persistent beyond 1 ye... | |
The primary function of access openings is to: (A) Facilitate canal medication, (B) Provide good access for irrigation, (C) Aid in locating canal orifices, (D) Provide straight line access to the apex | Answer is D. None | |
The most important cause of the death in septic shock is:: (A) DIC, (B) Respiratory failure, (C) Renal, (D) Cardiac | Answer is D. Ans. (d) CardiacRef: Sabiston 85/19th Edition* Most common cause of death in septic shock - Hypotension* Hypotension is due to decreased cardiac output leading to hypotension | |
A 26 years old female suffers from PPH on her second postnatal day. Her APTT is prolonged while bleeding time and prothrombin time and platelet count are normal. Likely diagnosis is:: (A) Acquired haemophilia A, (B) Lupus anticoagulant, (C) DIC, (D) Inherited congenital hemophilia | Answer is A. This is a case of acquired hemophilia A. Approximately 50 percent of acquired hemophilia A patients have an underlying condition, such as an autoimmune disorder (e.g., rheumatoid ahritis or systemic lupus erythematosus), malignancy, pregnancy, or a history consistent with a drug reaction. Patients with acq... | |
Chalky white optic disc on fundus examination is seen in all, except:: (A) Syphilis, (B) Lebers hereditary optic neuropathy, (C) Post papilledema optic neuritis, (D) Traumatic injury to the optic nerve | Answer is D. Chalky white optic disc is not seen in traumatic injury of the optic nerve. Ref: Practical Approach to Ophthalmoscopic Retinal Diagnosis By A. K. Gupta, Shahana Mazumdar, Saurabh Choudhry, M.D, Page 68 ; Clinical Ophthalmology By Kanski, 4th Edition, Pages 588-9 | |
Nocardia is differentiated from Actinomyces by:: (A) Gram stain, (B) ZN stain, (C) Nocardia causes mycetoma, Actinomyces do not, (D) Nocardia is facultative anaerobe | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b' i.e., Ziehl Neelsen stainRef: (Ananthanarayan, 8th/e, p. 393; 9th/e, p. 394; Harrison, 18th/e, p. 1324; Jawetz, 24th/e, p. 182)Nocardia - Partially acid fast, obligate aerobe, habitat is soil and infections occur exogenously.Actinomyces - Nonacid fast, facultative anaerobe, habitat is oral flor... | |
Patient presents with Hb-5 g%, TLC-9000/cc,DLC- Neutrophils-3%, Lymphoblasts-75% and fever for 1 mth. Drug used is -: (A) iv Ciprofloxacin, (B) Colony stimulating factor, (C) Packed cell transfusion, (D) Oral Ciprofloxacin | Answer is A. Ciprofloxacin is an antibiotic used to treat a number of bacterial infections.This includes bone and joint infections, intra abdominal infections, ceain type of infectious diarrhea, respiratory tract infections, skin infections, typhoid fever, and urinary tract infections, among others.For some infections ... | |
Outer layer of the pars tensa called the cutaneous layer is lined by which of the following type of epithelium?: (A) Simple cuboidal epithelium, (B) Ciliated columnar epithelium, (C) Stratified squamous epithelium, (D) Keratinised squamous epithelium | Answer is C. Pars tensa of the tympanic membrane is a funnel shaped area that stretches between the malleus handle and bony ear canal. It is composed of 3 layers, outer cutaneous layer, middle lamina propria and the inner mucosal layer. The cutaneous layer is lined by smooth stratified squamous epithelium. Inner mucosa... | |
Floaters are seen in following except -: (A) Vitreous hemorrhage, (B) Retinal detachment, (C) Uveitis, (D) Acute congestive glaucoma | Answer is D. Ans. is 'd' i.e., Acute congestive glaucoma {Ref: Clinical ophthalmology 5th/e p. 139]Floaterso A floater is something in the fluids of the eye that casts a shadow on the retina and looks like a dark spot or spots floating around in the field of vision. Floaters are usually described by patients, as small,... | |
What is common between systemic and pulmonary circulation is: (A) Volume of the circulation per minute, (B) Peripheral vascular resistance, (C) Pulse Pressure, (D) Total Capacity | Answer is A. None | |
A person on fasting for 7 days, the source of energy is: NIMS 11: (A) Acetone, (B) Acetoacetate, (C) Glucose, (D) Alanine | Answer is A. Ans. Acetone | |
A woman with a history of repeated aboions gave bih to a low bih weight baby. The child is having rashes over palm and rhinitis. The most probable diagnosis is September 2009: (A) Congenital HIV, (B) Congenital syphilis, (C) Congenital rubella, (D) Pemphigus | Answer is B. Ans. B: Congenital Syphilis Symptoms in newborns with congenital syphilis may include: Failure to gain weight or failure to thrive Fever Irritability No bridge to nose (saddle nose) Early rash -- small blisters on the palms and soles Later rash -- copper-colored, flat or bumpy rash on the face, palms, and ... | |
Ambulatory patients after a Disaster are categorized into ____ colour of Triage:: (A) Red, (B) Yellow, (C) Green, (D) Black | Answer is C. Triage - Disaster categorization of victims 1. Red - Immediate Resuscitation 2. Yellow - possible resuscitation 3. Green - Minor injuries (Ambulatory) 4. Black - Dead/ moribund patient | |
All of the following shows positive myoclonus except?: (A) Hepatic encephalopathy, (B) Variant CJD, (C) Janz syndrome, (D) Salaam seizures | Answer is A. Negative myoclonus: Metabolic cause which contributes to development of myoclonus. E.g. Metabolic encephalopathies Variant CJD- stale / reflex myoclonus variant (loud noise causes a myoclonus) Janz syndrome- Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy Hypnogogic jerks: Falling to sleep and sudden jerky movement e.g. while... | |
Which of the following transmits mandibular nerve?: (A) Foramen lacerum, (B) Foramen magnum, (C) Foramen ovale, (D) Foramen spinosum | Answer is C. Key concept:
The foramen ovale transmits the mandibular nerve, the lesser petrosal nerve, the accessory meningeal artery, an emissary vein connecting the cavernous sinus with the pterygoid plexus of veins, and occasionally the anterior trunk of the middle meningeal vein. | |
Which is true about measurement of BP with sphygmomanometer versus intra-aerial pressure measurements?: (A) Less than intravascular pressure, (B) More than intravascular pressure, (C) Equal to intravascular pressure, (D) Depends upon blood flow | Answer is B. The reason for this is - "dissipation of pressure". When BP is measured by sphygmomanometry, the principle is 'balancing of pressure between the cuff and the brachial aery'. Suppose the pressure in the aery is, say, 100 mm Hg. When the pressure just outside the aery is 100 mm Hg, the aery will be occluded ... | |
A 28-year-old woman with diabetes presents with lesions on her leg. They are not painful, and have a central depression and raised irregular margin. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?: (A) eruptive xanthomas, (B) necrobiosis lipoidica diabeticorum, (C) gangrene, (D) staphylococcal infection | Answer is B. (b) Source: (Kasper, p. 2169)This lesion is more frequent in females and may antedate other clinical signs and symptoms of diabetes. The plaques are round, firm, and reddish-brown to yellow in color. They most commonly involve the legs but can also involve the hands, arms, abdomen, and head. | |
Stratified cuboidal epithelium seen in: (A) Ovaries, (B) Cervix, (C) Sweat glands ducts, (D) Larynx | Answer is C. Stratified cuboidal epithelium is seen in large ducts of exocrine glands like sweat glands ,pancreas and salivary glands The ovarian surface epithelium, also called the germinal epithelium of Waldeyer, is a layer of simple squamous-to-cuboidal epithelial cells covering the ovary. The upper cervix (endocerv... | |
A 3-year-old child presented with fatigue, malaise, fever, sore throat, headache, nausea, abdominal pain and myalgia. O/E Generalized lymphadenopathy Hepatosplenomegaly Tonsillar enlargement Palatal petechiae Rashes and edema of the eyelids. the above condition can't occur in which of the following: -: (A) X-linked aga... | Answer is A. This is a case of Infectious mononucleosis. So, there are no B-cells in X-linked agammaglobulinemia to be affected. In rest all the 3 conditions, B-cells are normal. Di-George and Wiskott-aldrich syndrome are T-cell deficiencies. 1st image shows tonsillitis with membrane formation Peripheral blood film sho... | |
Vectors may transmit infection by all of the following methods, EXCEPT:: (A) Ingestion, (B) Regurgitation, (C) Rubbing of infected faeces, (D) Contamination with body fluids | Answer is A. Methods by which vectors transmit an infectious agents are: Biting Regurgitation Scratching in infected faeces Contamination of host by body fluids of vectors Ref: Preventive and Social Medicine, by K.Park, 19th edition, Page 92. | |
A 15-year-old boy presented with fever and chills for the last 3 days. A peripheral blood smear revealed the following. Which of the following is the most probable causative agent?: (A) Plasmodium malariae, (B) Plasmodium falciparum, (C) Plasmodium ovale, (D) Plasmodium vivax | Answer is B. The given clinical scenario and the peripheral smear showing the Maurer&;s dots are suggestive of malaria caused by Plasmodium falciparum. Features of Plasmodium falciparum on peripheral smear are Maurer's dots, ring form, accole form, and banana-shaped gametocytes. Reference: Paniker&;s Textbook of Medica... | |
Thyrotoxicosis can be differentiated from anxiety neurosis clinically by: (A) Tachycardia, (B) Sleeping pulse rate, (C) Moist hands, (D) Ankle's jerk | Answer is B. Pulse rate in thyrotoxicosis Ref image - reasearchgate.net | |
Halstaed's mastectomy is: (A) Simple mastectomy, (B) Wide local excision, (C) Radical mastectomy, (D) Modified radical Mastectomy | Answer is C. Ans. (c) Radical Mastectomy(Ref Internet Sources)Halstaed Radical mastectomy is historical.* It involves removal of Entire breast, Nipple and areola with tumor* Also removes all level 1,2,3 nodes* Muscles like Pectoralis major, Serratus Anterior are also removed.* It's a very high morbid procedure and henc... | |
Renal calculi are commonly made up of: (A) Calcium oxalate, (B) Magnesium ammonium phosphate, (C) Uric acid, (D) Cystine | Answer is A. There are four main types of kidney stones Calcium stones are the most common type of kidney stones. They are usually made of calcium and oxalate (a natural chemical found in most foods), but are sometimesmade of calcium and phosphate. Uric acid stones form when your urine is often too acidic. Refer robbin... | |
Regarding color vision, which of the following is TRUE?: (A) Independent of wavelength of light, (B) Depends on intensity discrimination, (C) Involves opponent color cells, (D) Minimum at fixation point | Answer is C. The color opponent process is a color theory that states that the human visual system interprets information about color by processing signals from cones and rods in an antagonistic manner. The opponent-process theory states that the cone photoreceptors are linked together to form three opposing color pair... | |
A young permanent incisor with an open apex has a pinpoint exposure due to a traumatic injury that occurred 24 hours previously. The best treatment is: (A) Place calcium hydroxide on the pinpoint exposure, (B) Open the pulp chamber to find healthy pulp tissue and perform a pulpotomy, (C) Initiate a calcium hydroxide pu... | Answer is B. Because the exposure site is likely significantly contaminated from the injury that occurred 24 hours previously, direct pulp capping with calcium hydroxide is contraindicated. A calcium hydroxide pulpectomy should not be the automatic procedure accomplished because continued root elongation and closure of... | |
Battle's sign is:TN 11: (A) Hemorrhage around eyes, (B) Mastoid ecchymosis, (C) Umbilical ecchymosis, (D) Vaginal ecchymosis | Answer is B. Ans. Mastoid ecchymosis | |
Most commonly involved bone in Paget's disease?: (A) Skull, (B) Femur, (C) Pelvis, (D) Veebrae | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Pelvis The pelvis and tibia being the commonest sites, and femur, skull, spine (veebrae) and clavicle the next commonest. | |
Fox Fordyce's disease is a disease of ?: (A) Eccrine sweat glands, (B) Apocrine sweat glands, (C) Sebaceous glands, (D) Pilosebaceous glands | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b' i.e., Apocrine sweat glands See explanation- I of session- 9 of Skin of All India 2014-15 pattern of this book. | |
The scalp
A. Is attached by occipitalis muscle to the skull
B. Is attached by the frontalis muscle to the skull
C. Receives sensory innervation from the dorsal rami of first 3 cervical
nerves
D. Is supplied, in part, by the ophthalmic artery
E. Drains directly to the subcutaneous lymph nodes at the base of the
skull: (... | Answer is A. Frontalis is attached to orbicularis oculi and not to bone. | |
Generalised anxiety disorder is characterized by: (A) Free floating anxiety, (B) Worry about tril issues, (C) Inability to relax, (D) Anxiety about specific situations | Answer is D. GAD is characterized by free floating anxiety and negative apprehension about day today tril life events. Anxiety about specific situations are more likely to be seen in phobia. Reference: Kaplon and sadock, 11 th edition, synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pg no. 407 | |
Raw material used in nylon suture is:-: (A) Polyethylene terephthalate, (B) Polyamide polymer, (C) Polybutylene terephthalate, (D) Polyester polymer | Answer is B. Raw material used in nylon suture is Polyamide polymer. Suture Types Raw material Tensile strength Absorption rate Silk Braided or twisted multifilament; Coated (with wax or silicone) or uncoated Natural proteinRaw silk from silkworm Loses 20% when wet; 80-100% lostby 6 months Fibrous encapsulation in body... | |
Characteristic radiological finding in sarcoidosis-: (A) Parenchymal disease, (B) Unilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, (C) Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy, (D) Miliary shadow | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy "The characteristic radiologicalfinding in patients with pulmonary sarcoidosis is bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy ". | |
Which of the following does not causes pneumonia?: (A) Mumps, (B) Measles, (C) RSV, (D) Influenza | Answer is A. ANSWER: (A) MumpsREF: Nelson's 18th ed p. 1795"Pneumonia is known complication of measles"Viruses commonly causing pneumonia in childrenRSVInfluenzaAdenovirusRhinovirusPara influenza virus | |
False + ve VDRL, is seen in all except -: (A) Lepromatous Leprosy, (B) Infectious mononucleosis, (C) HIV, (D) Pregnancy | Answer is D. None | |
True about tumour lysis syndrome is ME -: (A) Hyperuricemia, (B) Hypercalcemia, (C) Hyperphosphatemia, (D) Hypocalcemia | Answer is B. None | |
An infant presents with bilateral white pupillary reflex. On slit lamp examination a zone of opacity is observed around the fetal nucleus with spoke like radial opacities. The most likely diagnosis is:: (A) Cataracto Centralis Pulverulenta, (B) Lamellar cataract, (C) Coronary cataract, (D) Posterior polar cataract | Answer is B. B i.e. Lamellar cataract | |
Agents recommended in treatment of aortic dissection are all except: (A) Beta blockers, (B) Labetolol, (C) Sodium nitoprusside, (D) Diazoxide | Answer is D. Diazoxide is vasodilator ,which can aggravate dissection, so containdicated in aortic dissection. | |
Magnesium sulphate toxicity include all EXCEPT: (A) Loss of Patellar reflex, (B) Oliguria, (C) Respiratory depression, (D) Cardiac arrest | Answer is B. MgSo4 acts by inhibition of neuromuscular transmission. NOTE: we monitor urine output while patient is on MgSO4, not because it is a sign of MgSO4 toxicity, but because oliguria is secondary to PIH (glomerular endotheliosis) and decreased urine output would decrease MgSO4 clearance and increase risk of tox... | |
A 25 year-old-male presents with sudden painless loss of vision. The ocular and systemic examination is normal. What is probable diagnosis?: (A) Retinal detachment, (B) Eale's disease, (C) Glaucoma, (D) Optic neuritis | Answer is D. Optic neuritis is an inflammatory, demyelinating condition that causes acute, usually monocular, visual loss. Most cases of acute demyelinating optic neuritis occur in women (two-thirds) and typically develop in patients between the ages of 20 and 40. | |
The first step in fatty acid synthesis involves: (A) Acetyl CoA carboxylase, (B) b-Hydroxyl CoA dehydrogenase, (C) Acetyl dehydrogenase, (D) Pyruvate kinase | Answer is A. Acetyl CoA carboxylase
Production of malonyl-CoA from acetyl-CoA is the initial and rate limiting step in fatty acid synthesis. The reaction is catalyzed by acetyl-CoA carboxylase. | |
Deep transverse arrest occurs in ...... pelvis :: (A) Gynaecoid, (B) Platypelloid, (C) Android, (D) Mixed | Answer is C. Android | |
What is the wavelength of UV rays used in Woods lamp?: (A) 360 nM, (B) 460 nM, (C) 660 nM, (D) 760 nM | Answer is A. Ans. A. 360nMA Wood's lamp generates 360-nm ultraviolet (or "black") light produced by a mercury vapor source passed through a nickel oxide filter that can be used to aid the evaluation of certain skin disorders. | |
A 7-year-old girl is brought with complaints of generalized swelling of the body. Urinary examination reveals grade 3 proteinuria and the presence of hyaline and fatty casts. She has no history of hematuria. Which of the following statements about her condition is true?: (A) No IgG deposits or C3 deposition on renal bi... | Answer is A. Grade 3 proteinuria, and the presence of hyaline and fatty cast in urine suggest the diagnosis of nephrotic syndrome.
Most common cause of nephrotic syndrome in a child is minimal change disease ( not IgA nephropathy or Alport syndrome)
In minimal change disease there is no deposition of immune reactants (... | |
A 8.5-year-old child with missing 11 reported to your clinic. 21 erupted at 6.5 years of age. The child had trauma to 21, 4 months back and got it endodontically treated for that. What is your further treatment about missing teeth?: (A) Take radiograph and rule out a supernumerary tooth, (B) Plan RPD, (C) Advise FPD, (... | Answer is A. In question patient is of 8.5 years of age with missing right maxillary central incisor and has his Maxillary left Central Incisor Erupted on Schedule.
Now non-eruption of a tooth beyond normal possible age of eruption while the contralateral tooth is being erupted on usual time can be due to its presence... | |
Cat acts as a reservoir in which of the following?: (A) Rabies, (B) Toxoplasma gondii, (C) Streptocerca infection, (D) Plague | Answer is B. “Toxoplasma gondii is a coccidian protozoa of worldwide distribution that infects a wide range of animals and birds but does not appear to cause disease in them.
The normal final hosts are strictly the cat and its relatives in the family Felidae, the only hosts in which the oocyst-producing sexual stage of... | |
`Coronory steal phenomenon' is caused by ?: (A) Dipyridamole, (B) Diltiazem, (C) Propanolol, (D) Verapamil | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., Dipyridamole o There are two types of vessels in coronary circulaton ? 1. Larger conducting aeries which run epicardially and send perforating branches. 2. Smaller resistance aerioles - These are perforating branches of conducting aeries. These aerioles supply blood to endocardium. o Duri... | |
Rupak, a 22-year-old, unmarried man is suffering from sudden onset of third person hallucination for the past 12 days. He is suspicious of his relatives and close friends and is having reduced appetite and improper sleep. He is probably suffering from: September 2010: (A) Acute depression, (B) Acute mania, (C) Acute Ps... | Answer is D. Ans. D: Schizophrenia Psychosis means abnormal condition of the mind, and is a generic psychiatric term for a mental state often described as involving a "loss of contact with reality". Psychosis is given to the more severe forms of psychiatric disorder, during which hallucinations and delusions and impair... |
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