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According to the 2010 WHO criteria what are the characteristics of normal semen analysis?: (A) Volume 2.0 mL, count 20 million, morphology 4% progressive motility 32%, (B) Volume 1.5 mL, count 15 million, morphology 4% progressive motility 32%, (C) Volume 2.0 mL, count 15 million, morphology 40% progressive motility 32... | Answer is B. Ans: B. Volume 1.5 mL, count 15 million, morphology 4% progressive motility 32% (Ref Dutta 6/e p222)According to 2010 WHO criteria:Characteristics of normal semen analysis:Semen CharacteristicsWHO 1999WHO 2010Volume (ml)Greater or equal to 2 mlGreater or equal to 1.5 mlSperm countGreater or equal to 20 Gre... | |
True about head circumference measurement -: (A) Measured in supra-orbital ridge, (B) Measured hydrocephalus/microcephaly, (C) Serial measurement is useful, (D) All | Answer is D. Ans. is All Options 'a' o Head circumference is measured from the occipital protuberance to the supraorbital ridge on the forehead. Option `b' o If the head circumference growth exceeds 1 cm in 2 weeks during the first 3 months, hydrocephalus should be suspected. o In microcephally head circumference is tw... | |
A patient with engorged neck veins, BP 80/50 and pulse rate of 100 following blunt trauma to the chest . Diagnosis of: (A) Pneumothorax, (B) Right ventricular failure, (C) Cardiac tamponade, (D) Hemothorax | Answer is C. Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1573-1574 Cardiac tamponade should be suspected in any patient who has a rapid down hill course and exhibits the features of rising venous pressure and falling aerial pressure following blunt trauma to the chest. | |
Which of the following is an example of disability limitation: (A) Reducing occurrence of polio by immunization, (B) Resting affected limbs in neutral position, (C) Providing calipers for walking, (D) Arranging for schooling of child suffering from PRPP (post polio residual paralysis) | Answer is B. Reducing occurrence of polio by immunization - Specific protection Arranging for schooling of child suffering from PRPP (post polio residual paralysis) - Rehabilitation Resting affected limbs in neutral position - Disability limitation Providing calipers for walking - Rehabilitation Ref : Park's Textbook o... | |
A 54 Old man diabetic hypeensive was brought to NIMHANS OPD with history of loss of sensation on left side of upper body, loss of facial sensation on right side. O/E there was constricted pupil, paial ptosis, anhydrosis , gait ataxia nystagmus was present on right side. which is the common aery involvement can lead to ... | Answer is B. MR-Angiography of the neck (carotid and veebral aeries):1,Brachiocephalic trunk (or innominate aery).2,Right subclan aery.3,Right veebral aery.4,Right common carotid aery.5,Right internal carotid aery.6,Left veebral aery.7,Left internal carotid aery.8,Left external carotid aery.9,Left common carotid aery.1... | |
True about dermoid cyst: (A) Lined by columnar epithelium, (B) Dose not contain hair, (C) Median angle of eye is the most common site, (D) Rupture is associated with foreign body type inflammation | Answer is D. Ans. (d) Rupture is associated with Foreign body type inflammationRef: Short Cases Das Ch. 1* Dermoid cyst is lined by squamous epithelium and contains pultaceous material inside.* Teratomatous type of dermoid cyst contains all layers -- epithelium, endothelium and mesothelium -- hence contain -- hair, mus... | |
All of the following are true about pancreatic injury except: (A) Penetrating injuries are common, (B) Commonly isolated injuries occur, (C) Serum amylase is raised, (D) Peritoneal lavage is not helpful for diagnosis | Answer is B. Answer- B. Commonly isolated injuries occurIn blunt injuries which are usually the result of midline upper abdominal trauma (eg. car seat belt, cycle handle), junction of the neck and body of the pancreas are most commonly injured as they are pressed against the veebral column.Major abdominal vascular inju... | |
The functions of which vitamin are carried through coenzyme A: (A) B5, (B) B9, (C) B12, (D) All of the above | Answer is A. None | |
NOT a good prognostic factor for TB spine: (A) Young age, (B) Rapid onset, (C) Good immunity, (D) Early onset | Answer is B. None | |
Reduces blood pressure primarily by directly decreasing hea rate alone -: (A) Propranolol, (B) Prazosin, (C) Alpha methyl dopa, (D) Nitroprusside sodium | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., Propranolol o Methyldopa is useful in the treatment of mild to moderately severe hypeension. It lowers blood pressure chiefly by reducing peripheral vascular resistance, with a variable reduction in hea rate and cardiac output. o Prazosin and nitroprusside are vasodilators and produce ref... | |
Deltoid ligament is attached to all except -: (A) Medial malleolus, (B) Talus, (C) Calcaneum, (D) Lateral malleolus | Answer is D. Medial collateral ligament/Deltoid ligament is attached from medial malleolus to
- Superficial part
Tibionavicular part- Navicular tuberosity and spring ligament
Tibiocalcaneal part- Sustenticulum tali
Posterior tibiotalar part- medial tubercle and medial surface of talus
- Deep pa... | |
All of the following are true about Methicillin resistance in MRSA, except: (A) Resistance is produced as a result of altered PBP's, (B) Resistance may be produced by hyperproduction of beta lactamase, (C) Resistance is primarily mediated/transmitted plasmids, (D) Resistance may be missed at incubation temperature of 3... | Answer is C. Penicillin resistance is of three types: Production of beta-lactamase Alteration in the penicillin-binding protein PBP2a and changes in bacterial surface receptors, reducing binding of beta-lactam antibiotics to cells.This resistance also extends to cover beta-lactamase-resistant penicillins such as methic... | |
Wenckebachk phenomenon is defined as-: (A) Progressive lengthening of PR interval till a beat is dropped, (B) Slurred QRS complex, (C) Irregular heart rate & permature ventricular beats, (D) Shortened ST intervals | Answer is A. None | |
A 65-year-old male from bihar with a pneumonia has a sputum culture that is positive for a staphylococcal strain that is b-lactamase- positive. Which is the best choice of penicillin therapy in this patient?: (A) Ampicillin, (B) Oxacillin, (C) Ticarcillin, (D) Penicillin G | Answer is B. Oxacillin is classified as a penicillinase-resistant penicillin that is relatively acid-stable and, therefore, is useful for oral administration. Major adverse reactions include penicillin hypersensitivity and interstitial nephritis. With the exception of methicillin, which is 35% bound to serum proteins, ... | |
Which of the following is not true about acute retropharyngeal abscess: (A) Dysphagia, (B) Swelling on posterior wall of pharynx, (C) Toicollis, (D) Caries of cervical spine is usually a common cause | Answer is D. CLINICAL FEATURES 1. Dysphagia and difficulty in breathing are prominent symptoms as the abscess obstructs the air and food passages. 2. Stridor and croupy cough may be present. 3. Toicollis. The neck becomes stiff and the head is kept extended. 4. The bulge in the posterior pharyngeal wall. Usually seen o... | |
As regards to intraocular retinoblastoma, which one of the following statements is false:: (A) 94% of cases are sporadic, (B) Patients with sporadic retinoblastoma do not pass their genes to their offsprings, (C) Calcification in the tumor can be detected on ultrasound scan, (D) Reese-Ellswoh classifiction is useful in... | Answer is B. B i.e. Patients with sporadic retinoblastoma do not pass their genes to their offsprings | |
Inquest of Dowry death is done by: September 2009: (A) Police, (B) Magistrate, (C) Coroner, (D) Medical examiner | Answer is B. Ans. B: Magistrate Sec 304-B IPC (Dowry death): where the death of the woman is accused by any burn/bodily injury or occurs otherwise than under normal circumstances within seven years of her marriage and it is shown that soon before her death she was subjected to cruelty by her husband/relative in connect... | |
Which of the following structures of the mind work on an unconscious level?: (A) The id only, (B) The id and the ego only, (C) The id, ego, and superego, (D) The ego and superego only | Answer is C. In Freud's structural theory, the mind is divided into the Id, Ego, and Superego The id operates completely on an unconscious level, and is the most primitive pa .It works on pleasure principle While the ego and superego operate paly on an unconscious and paly on preconscious and conscious levels. Ego is b... | |
All of the following are virulence factors of peussis, except:: (A) Tracheal cytotoxin, (B) Peussis toxin, (C) Capsule, (D) Peactin | Answer is C. Ans. is. 'c' i. e., Capsule | |
Articulator based on Theory of an equilateral triangle is:: (A) Bonwill's theory articulator., (B) Conical theory articulator., (C) Spherical theory articulator., (D) None | Answer is A. Bonwill's theory articulators
• This articulator was designed by WGA Bonwill.
• According to the Bonwill's theory of occlusion, the teeth move in relation to each other as guided by the condylar and the incisal guidances.
• Bonwill's theory is also known as the Theory of equilateral triangle, according to... | |
Which of the following is a premalignant lesion of squamous cell carcinoma?: (A) Dermatofibroma, (B) Granuloma annulare, (C) Actinic keratosis, (D) Behcet's disease | Answer is C. Actinic Keratosis & Bowen's disease are premalignant lesions of squamous cell carcinoma. | |
Complications of tuberular meningitis include all except: (A) Hydrocephalus, (B) Coical venous thrombosis, (C) Cerebral Aery Thrombosis, (D) Cranial Nerve Palsy | Answer is B. harrison's textbook of internal medicine 17th edition . *paresis of cranial nerves(ocular nerve in paicular ) is a frequent finding ,and involvement of cerebral aeries may produce focal ischemia . *The ultimate evolution is towards coma ,with hydrocephalus and intracranial tension. | |
Laser used in cutting out cataract capsule is: (A) Nd : YAG laser, (B) Argon laser, (C) DYE laser, (D) Diode | Answer is A. A i.e. Nd:YAG Laser | |
All of the following result in endogenous pigmentation of teeth except:: (A) Tetracycline, (B) Fetal jaundice, (C) Erythroblastosis fetalis., (D) Vitamin B deficiency | Answer is D. Discoloration of either deciduous or permanent teeth may occur as result of tetracycline deposition during prophylactic or therapeutic or therapeutic regimens instituted either in the pregnant female or postpartum in the infant. Tetracycline and its homologues have a selective affinity for deposition in bo... | |
Painful syndrome with increased reaction to a stimulus and an increased threshold; faulty identification and localization of stimulus, is called as:: (A) Causalgia., (B) Hyperpathia., (C) Hyperasthesia., (D) Phantom pain. | Answer is B. None | |
Michaelis-Gutmann bodiesare found in:: (A) Malakoplakia, (B) Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis, (C) Nail patella syndrome, (D) APKD | Answer is A. Michaelis-Gutmann bodies (M-G bodies) M-G bodies are concentrically layered basophilic inclusions found in the urinary tract. They are 2 to 10 mm in diameter, and are thought to represent remnants of phagosomes mineralized by iron and calcium deposits. M-G bodies are a pathognomonic feature of malakoplakia... | |
All passes through lesser sciatic foramen, except?: (A) Inferior gluteal vessels, (B) Internal pudendal vessels, (C) Pudendal nerve, (D) Nerve to obturator internus | Answer is A. Inferior gluteal vessels | |
Most successful application of tumor markers: (A) Screening in asymptomatic periodicity, (B) Effect of treatment and early detection, (C) Differentiating benign from malignant, (D) Staging the extent of disease | Answer is B. Answer: b) Effect of treatment and early detection( style="font-size: 1.04761904761905em; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif">)Tumor markers* Just an adjunct to diagnosis, and establishing a diagnosis on the basis of tumor markers alone (especially a single result) is associated with pitfalls becau... | |
Which of the following statements i strue about bacteriophage: (A) it is bacterium, (B) Uit imparts toxigenicity to bacteria, (C) It helps in transformation, (D) It transfer only chromosomal gene | Answer is B. Bacteriophage is a type of virus that soecifically infects bacteria and fungi. | |
In which of the following Mentalisation based therapy is used?: (A) Antisocial personality disorder, (B) Obsessive compulsive personality disorder, (C) Avoidant personality disorder, (D) Borderline personality disorder | Answer is D. Ans. D. Borderline personality disorderMentalization-based treatment: psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder is called mentalization-based therapy (MBT). Mentalization is a social construct that allows a person to be attentive to the mental states of oneself and of others; it comes from a person... | |
Auditory hallucinations are seen in except:: (A) Schizophrenia, (B) Acute and transient psychotic disorder, (C) Delirium tremens, (D) Panic disorder | Answer is D. Ans: D (Panic disorder) Ref: Kaplan & Sadock's Synopsis of Psychiatry. 10th editionExplanation:Hallucination is a perceptual pathology where perception occurs without real, external stimuli/ objects. (The other is Illusion- where objects are present but perceived otherwise. E.g.. rope perceived as snake).T... | |
Secondary deposits from prostatic carcinoma is commonest in: (A) Bone, (B) Kidney, (C) Liver, (D) Brain | Answer is A. None | |
All of the following are autosomal dominant disorder except?: (A) Von hippel lindau disease, (B) Achondroplasia, (C) Duchenner muscular dystrophy, (D) Multiple endocrine neoplasia | Answer is C. Duchenne muscular dystrophy is x linked recesive disorder. | |
Which of the following is not a complication of helicobacter pylori: (A) GERD, (B) Peptic ulcer disease, (C) Maltoma, (D) Chronic gastritis | Answer is A. None | |
A 35-year old lady G4 P3 presents to the emergency dept. with amenorrhea of 12 weeks with excessive vomiting and bleeding per vaginum. On examination her pulse is 90/min., BP is 150/110 mm Hg, on PA examination uterus is of 20 wks size. Your most possible diagnosis is:-: (A) Gestational hypeension, (B) Molar pregnancy,... | Answer is B. The above given history is suggestive of molar pregnancy as: women have uterine growth that is more rapid than expected.(uterine size>POG) excessive nausea and vomiting are significant. on USG, snowstorm /honeycomb appearance is seen in molar pregnancy Gestational hypeension is characterized by hypeension ... | |
5-year old male child presented to AIIMS pediatrics OPD with severe transfusion requiring anemia and Jaundice. On examination Liver and spleen were palpable 5 cm below the costal margin. Peripheral smear analysis showed the following? What is your diagnosis?: (A) Nutritional anemia, (B) Aplastic anemia, (C) Autoimmune ... | Answer is D. Ans. (d) ThalassemiaSevere transfusion requiring anemia and Jaundice with smear showing Anisopoikilocytosis and targets on smear suggests Thalassemia. | |
Alveoli are kept dry because of: (A) Surfactants, (B) Glycorprotiens, (C) Buffers Bohr's, (D) Effect | Answer is A. Pulmonary surfactant is a mixture of lipids and proteins which is secreted into the alveolar space by epithelial type II cells. The main function of surfactant is to lower the surface tension at the air/liquid interface within the alveoli of the lung. Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 ... | |
Gluten free diet is beneficial in -: (A) Psoriasis, (B) Exfoliative dermatitis, (C) Dermatitis herpetiformis, (D) Pemphigoid | Answer is C. <p>DERMATITIS HERPETIFORMIS Chronic intensely pruritic vesiculobullous disorder. Site- extremities and trunk Clinical features:- Intense episodic pruritus. Skin lesions- erythematous papules which rapidly turn into tiny firm grouped vesicles Vesicle rupture and crusted excoriated lesions seen. Disease wors... | |
Positive zone of enamel caries is the:: (A) Translucent zone, (B) Dark zone, (C) Body of the lesion, (D) Surface zone | Answer is B. The dark zone
This lies adjacent and superficial to the translucent zone. It has been referred to as the ‘positive zone’ because it is usually present. This zone is formed as a result of demineralization and appears dark brown in ground sections examined by transmitted light after imbibition with quinolone... | |
All are transmitted by blood except-: (A) Parvovirus B-19, (B) Hepatitis B, (C) Epstein Bar virus, (D) Cytomegalovirus | Answer is C. Epstein-Barr virus is acquired saliva,either by droplet infection or environmental contamination in childhood or by kissing among among adolescents & adults.Infections transmitted by blood include hepatitis (HBV,HCV), CMV infection,syphilis,malaria,toxoplasmosis,HIV infection.Reference :Davidson's principl... | |
Referred otalgia from base of tongue or oropharynx is carried by nerve?: (A) Cranial nerve V, (B) Cranial nerve VII, (C) Cranial nerve IX, (D) Cranial nerve X | Answer is C. The Jacobson nerve, tympanic branch of glossopharyngeal nerve (cranial nerve IX) directly innervates the ear but also has pharyngeal, lingual, and tonsillar branches to supply the posterior one-third poion of the tongue, tonsillar fossa, pharynx, eustachian tube, and parapharyngeal and retropharyngeal spac... | |
Palatoglossus is supplied by:: (A) Glossopharyngeal nerve, (B) Hypoglossal nerve, (C) Cranial accessory nerve, (D) Mandibular nerve | Answer is C. All intrinsic and extrinsic muscles of tongue are supplied by hypoglossal nerve except palatoglossus which is supplied by cranial accessory nerve. | |
Soiling index is used to monitor:: (A) Water pollution, (B) Air pollution, (C) Soil pollution, (D) All of the above | Answer is B. Ans. (b) Air pollutionRef: Park 23rded. 1736Indicators of Air Pollution* Smoke or Soiling index: A known volume of air is filtered through a white filter paper under specified conditions and the stain is measured by photoelectric meter. Smoke concentration is estimated and expressed as micrograms/cubic met... | |
An individual has been determined to have hypertriglyceridemia, with a triglyceride level of 350 mg/dL (normal is <150 mg/dL). The patient decides to reduce this level by keeping his caloric intake the same, but switching to a low-fat, low-protein, high-carbohydrate diet. Three months later, after sticking faithfully t... | Answer is D. Dietary glucose is the major source of carbon for synthesizing fatty acids in humans. In a high-carbohydrate diet, excess carbohydrates are converted to fat (fatty acids and glycerol) in the liver, packaged as VLDL, and sent into the circulation for storage in the fat cells. The new diet has reduced dietar... | |
The following method of recording centric jaw relation has the advantage reproducilibility and cross verification: (A) Tactile method, (B) Nick and notch method, (C) Needle house, (D) Gothic arch tracing | Answer is B. None | |
FALSE with respect to Progestase is: (A) It releases 65 mcg of progesterone per day, (B) Effective life is 1 year, (C) It is a subdermal implant, (D) It reduces menstrual blood loss | Answer is C. Progesterone IUD (Progestase) The veical shaft is fitted with a capsule containing 38 mg of progesterone dispensed in silicone oil. It delivers progesterone to the uterus at the rate of 65 micrograms/day. Though a few sources claim the effectiveness to be of 2 years, the US Food and Drug Administration (US... | |
A female patient presented with left iliac fossa pain for the past 6 months. On investigation, a 3 cm left renal pelvic stone was found with no hydroureteronephrosis, normal functioning kidneys on both sides and no distal obstruction. The ideal management would be: (A) Percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL), (B) Extra-cor... | Answer is A. Ans. a. Percutaneous nephrolithotomy | |
Fatal close of potassium cyanide is?: (A) 5 mg, (B) 10 mg, (C) 20 mg, (D) 200 mg | Answer is D. 200 mg REF: Textbook Of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology: Principles and Practice by Vij page 695 Fatal dose of cyanide: HCN gas - 100-200 ppm in air HCN liquid- 50-60 mg KCN, NaCN- 150-300 mg (200 mg as per Parikh) | |
Most common uterine malformation associated with renal anomalies: (A) Bicornuate, (B) Unicornuate, (C) Septate, (D) Didelphys | Answer is B. Unicornuate uterus is seen in 1% cases; Due to failure of development of one mullerian duct or failure of migration to proper location Most commonly associated with abnormality of urinary tract anomaly usually of kidney It is diagnosed by absence of round ligament and fallopian tube on the opposite side As... | |
Following is transmitted as autosomal dominant disorder-: (A) Albinism, (B) Sickle cell anemia, (C) Hereditary spherocytosis, (D) Glycogen storage disease | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hereditary spherocytosis Hereditary spherocytosis is an autosomal dominant disorder. o Other three disorders (given in question) are autosomal recessive. | |
Hyperophy is -: (A) Increase in cell number, (B) Increase in cell size, (C) Decrease in cell number, (D) Decrease in cell size | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Increase in cell size Hyperophy o Hyperophy refers to an increase in the size of cells without increase in the number, resulting in an increase in the size of tissue. o Hyperophy involves cell enlargement without cell division. o So, hyperophied organ has just larger cells, but no new cel... | |
All of the following are sources of vitamin A except:: (A) Egg, (B) Milk, (C) Sunflower seeds, (D) Tomato | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Sunflower seeds | |
U-serrated pattern in direct immunofluorescence is seen in:: (A) Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita, (B) Bullous pemphigoid, (C) Linear IgA disease, (D) Dermatitis herpetiformis | Answer is A. Epidermolysis bullosa acquisita: Direct immunofluorescence shows, linear IgG, Ig A, Ig M at the basement-membrane zone with diagnostic U-serrated pattern. Patients' skin split through the lamina lucida with 1 mol/L salt demonstrates the IgG antibodies to be bound to the dermal aspect of the blister. N serr... | |
Which of the following does not cause sideroblastic anemia?: (A) INH, (B) L-DOPA, (C) Myelodysplastic anemia, (D) Mercury | Answer is D. Maturation Disorders: The presence of anemia with an inappropriately low reticulocyte production index, macro- or microcytosis on smear, and abnormal red cell indices suggests a maturation disorder. Maturation disorders are divided into two categories: nuclear maturation defects, associated with macrocytos... | |
All are true about poliovirus, except -: (A) Type I is responsible for most epidemics, (B) Very difficult to eliminate Type I, (C) Type I responsible for vaccine paralytic polio myelitis, (D) Type I most commonly associated with paralysis | Answer is C. Poliovirus type 1 ia responsible for most epidemics of paralytic poliomyelitis. ANANTHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 9TH EDITION PAGE NO:490 | |
Hiatus semilunaris is present in: (A) superior meatus, (B) Middle meatus, (C) Inferior meatus, (D) Sphenoethmoidal recess | Answer is B. Middle meatus: Uncinate process is a hook-like structure running in from anterosuperior to the posteroinferior direction in the middle meatus. It&;s postero superior border is sharp and runs parallel to the anterior border of bulla ethmoidalis. This gap between the two is called hiatus semilunaris .it is t... | |
A young patient presents to the ophthalmology clinic with loss of central vision. There is no obvious family history. ERG and EOG were observed to be normal. Which of the following is the most likely diagnosis?: (A) Stargardt's disease, (B) Best's Vitelliform Dystrophy, (C) Retinitis Pigmentosa, (D) Cone- Rod Dystrophy | Answer is A. Loss of central vision with a normal ERG and EOG is consistent with a diagnosis of Stargardt's disease. Stargardt's disease is an autosomal recessive disorder and hence a negative family history is not uncommon. | |
All of the following are mediators of acute inflammation except:: (A) Angiotensin, (B) Prostaglandin E2, (C) Kallikrein, (D) C3a | Answer is A. Kallikreins like:- Bradykinin PGs Complement components are mediators of acute inflammation. | |
Hamptoms Hump is seen in:: (A) Pulmonary embolism, (B) Tuberculosis, (C) Bronchogenic Ca, (D) Pneumonia | Answer is A. Ans. Pulmonary embolism | |
Oxygen affinity is increased by all of the following except:: (A) Alkalosis, (B) Hypoxia, (C) Increased HbF, (D) Hypothermia | Answer is B. B i.e. Hypoxia | |
All of the following statements regarding branchial cysts are true except: (A) Seen in mediastinum, (B) 50-70% occur in lung, (C) Are commonly infected, (D) Multilocular | Answer is B. .BRANCHIAL CYST It arises from the remnants of second branchial cleft. Normally 2nd, 3rd, 4th clefts disappear to form a smooth neck. Persistent 2nd cleft is called as cervical sinus which eventually gets sequestered to form branchial cyst. Features * Swelling in the neck beneath the anterior border of upp... | |
Contraindications to OC pills :: (A) Hea disease, (B) Epilepsy, (C) Liver failure, (D) All | Answer is D. Ans is a, b, c all Hea disease; Liver failure; and Epilepsy disease and liver failure are absolute contraindications of OCP's whereas Epilepsy is relative contraindication of OCP's. OCP's are used for the management of Menorrhagia so menorrhagia is an indication for use of OCP's | |
Which of the following strength of xylocaine is used as topical anaesthetic for tonometry?: (A) 4% xylocaine, (B) 3% xylocaine, (C) 2% xylocaine, (D) 1% xylocaine | Answer is A. Schiotz tonometer is commonly used to measure IOP, it measures the depth of corneal indentation by the plunger while tonometer is loaded with a given weight. Before placing the plunger barrel of a tonometer on the cornea, 4% xylocaine is used to anaesthetise the cornea. Tonometry is the method of estimatio... | |
All are components of Laurence Moon Biedl syndrome, EXCEPT -: (A) Digital anomaly, (B) Asthenic built, (C) Mental retardation, (D) Hypogonadism | Answer is B. In Lawrence Moon - Beidle syndrome the patient is obese, not asthenic
Other features are -
Mental retardation
Retinitis pigmentosa
Polydactyly
Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (This causes Amenorrhoea) | |
Which one of the following condition is not associated with cupping and fraying of metaphyses of long bones in children?: (A) Rickets, (B) Lead poisoning, (C) Metaphyseal dysplasia, (D) Hypophosphatasia | Answer is B. Cupping and fraying of metaphysis of long bones does not occur in lead poisoning. In lead poisoning bone changes become radiologically evident 3 months after chronic lead poisoning. Changes include dense metaphyseal bands exceeding coical density of same bone, found in growing skeleton. Interference with n... | |
Which of the following is an amine hormone?: (A) TSH, (B) T4, (C) Insulin, (D) FSH | Answer is B. Three general classes of hormone exist : ?1) Proteins and polypentideMost of hormones in the body are polypeptides and proteins. In general, polypeptides with 100 or more aminoacids are called proteins, and those with fewer than 100 amino acids are referred to as peptides.Proteins and peptide hormones are ... | |
Heart failure cells are?: (A) Neutrophills, (B) Macrophages, (C) Lymphocytes, (D) Lymphocytes | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b' i.e., Macrophages o Heart failure cells are Hemosiderin laden alveolar macrophages.o Heart failure cells are a manifestation of pulmonary congestion and edema (as seen in heart failure)o Pulmonary edema & pulmonary infarction can be differentiated by the presence of heart failure cells in pulmo... | |
BETA-blockers are used in all, EXCEPT: (A) Hypertension, (B) Thyrotoxicosis, (C) Variant angina, (D) All of the above | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Variant angina [Ref: K.D.T. 5th/e page 127\We all know that attacks of variant angina occur due to coronary vasospasm.So, the drugs which relieve coronary vasospasms will used in variant angina (C.C.B.'S, Nitrates) b blockers are contraindicated in these patients because b blockers, inste... | |
Which of the following vaccines has maximum efficacy after a single dose –: (A) Tetanus toxoid, (B) DPT, (C) Measles, (D) Typhoid | Answer is C. None | |
The Radiological hallmark of Osteo SA-: (A) Soap bubble appearance, (B) Sun ray appearance, (C) Osteoid formation by neoplastic cells, (D) Cotton wool appearance | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b' i.e. sunray appearance .X-ray features of Osteosarcoma.Area of irregular destruction of metaphysesErosion of the overlying cortex.New bone formation in the matrix of the tumor*Periosteal reaction* (which is irregular; periosteal reaction in osteomyelitis is smooth)Codman's triangle*Sun-ray appe... | |
The following is true of vancomycin EXCEPT :: (A) It is a bactericidal antibiotic active primarily against gram positive bacteria, (B) It acts by inhibiting bacterial protein synthesis, (C) It is an alternative to penicillin for enterococcal endocarditis, (D) It can cause deafness as a dose related toxicity | Answer is B. None | |
MAC of halothane is –: (A) 0.75%, (B) 1-2%, (C) 6%, (D) 2% | Answer is A. None | |
The only medial branch of external carotid artery is -,: (A) Lingual, (B) Maxillary, (C) Superior thyroid, (D) Ascending pharyngeal | Answer is D. Only branch arises from medial side of ECA is ascending pharyngeal artery. | |
All of the following statements about leptospirosis are true except -: (A) Infection acquired by direct contact with infected urine, (B) Mortality is 5-15% in severe cases, (C) Antibodies are usually detectable in the first week, (D) IV penicillin is recommended for treatment of severe cases | Answer is C. None | |
Saddleback/ biphasic fever is seen in: September 2004: (A) Typhoid, (B) Dengue, (C) Brucellosis, (D) Trench fever | Answer is B. Ans. B i.e. Dengue | |
Increasing number of services in rural areas is a part of –: (A) Intersectoral coordination, (B) Equitible distribution, (C) Appropriate technology, (D) None | Answer is B. The first key principle in the primary health care strategy is equity or equitable distribution of health services.
At present health services are mainly concentrated in the major towns and cities resulting in inequality of care to the people in rural areas.
Primary health care aims to redress this imbalan... | |
Through which of the following does glucose mediated insulin release occur?: (A) ATP sensitive K+ channels, (B) cAMP, (C) Carrier mediated, (D) Receptor phosphorylation | Answer is A. Glucose-mediated insulin release occurs through ATP sensitive K+ channels. Increased blood glucose concentration is the primary controller of insulin secretion. Inside the beta cells, glucose is conveed to glucose-6-phosphate and later ATP is generated. This ATP closes ATP sensitive potassium channels, lea... | |
Most common primary intraocular neoplasm in a child is -: (A) Metastasis, (B) Retinoblastoma, (C) Basal cell carcinoma, (D) Squamous cell carcinoma | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b' i.e., Retinoblastoma | |
All are principles of primary health care EXCEPT:: (A) Intersectoral coordination, (B) Community participation, (C) Appropriate technology, (D) Decentralised approach | Answer is D. ANSWER: (D) Decentralised approachREF: Park 20th edition page 792Principles of primary health care:Equitable distributionCommunity participationIntersectoral coordination4. Appropriate technology | |
The following infection resembles malignancy ?: (A) Echinococcus granulosus, (B) E. multilocularis, (C) E.vogeli, (D) E. oligahus | Answer is B. Ans. is 'b i.e., E. multilocularis The chief character of E. multilocularis cyst is its tendency to proliferate, thereby resembling a neoplasm. | |
Aedes agypti can fly -: (A) 100 m, (B) 200 m, (C) 1000 m, (D) 3-5 km | Answer is A. The flight range of different mosquitoes: Anopheles - 3 to 5 km Culex - 11 km Aedes - 100 m REFERENCE: PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE, 25TH EDITION, PG NO. 831 | |
Which of the following is false about salmeterol: March 2010: (A) Regular use may worsen asthma, (B) First long acting selective beta-2 agonist, (C) Effective for acute asthmatic attacks, (D) More beta-2 selective agonist than salbutamol | Answer is C. Ans. C: Effective for acute asthmatic attacks Salmeterol is a first, long acting beta-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA), usually only prescribed for severe persistent asthma following previous treatment with a sho-acting beta agonist such as salbutamol. The primary noticeable difference of salmeterol to salbutam... | |
A 30 year old male patient presented with anterior granulomatous uveitis, ahralgia and respiratory difficulties. Probable diagnosis is: (A) Ocular sarcoidosis, (B) TB, (C) Behcet's syndrome, (D) HLA B27 Uveitis | Answer is A. A i.e. Ocular sarcoidosis - Bechet's syndrome and HLA B27 associated uveitis are ruled out as both are non granulomatous. Sarcoidosis may cause granulomatous pan-uveitis, periphlebitis (causing candle wax drippingsQ or en taches de bougie), pulmonary lesions (Vt progressive dyspnea, pulmonary HTN & cor pul... | |
Most common cause of Budd Chiari syndrome is -: (A) Idiopathic, (B) Valves in hepatic veins, (C) Hepatocellular carcinoma, (D) Thrombosis of hepatic veins | Answer is D. None | |
Neostigmine is used for reversing the adverse effect of:: (A) dTC + pancuronium, (B) d TC only, (C) Alcuronium only, (D) Ketamine complication | Answer is A. A i.e. dTC + Pancuronium As d-TC & Panduronium, both are non-depolarizing muscle relaxant, so neostigmine is used to reverse the drugs. | |
Sensory neural deafness associated with hereditary nephritis is seen in: (A) Fanconi syndrome, (B) Berger's disease, (C) Albright syndrome, (D) Alpo's syndrome | Answer is D. Clinically patients with Alpos syndrome develop hematuria, thinning and splitting of GBM's,mild proteinuria (<1-2g/24hrs) which appears late in the course followed by chronic glomerulosclerosis leading to renal failure associated with sensorineural deafness. There r four forms of alpos syndrome Type 1 clas... | |
A rubber industry worker presents with abdominal colic and severe anemi His blood examination reveals basophilic stippling of RBCs and microcytic anemi What is the likely diagnosis?: (A) Radiation effects, (B) Benzene poisoning, (C) Lead poisoning, (D) Sideroblastic anemia | Answer is C. None | |
Harakari practiced in Japan is: (A) Homicidal stab injury, (B) Suicidal stab injury, (C) Judicial hanging method, (D) Suicidal hanging | Answer is B. Harakari practiced in Japan is suicidal stab injury.
It is a form of ritual suicide by disembowelment. | |
Which nerve is compressed in carpal tunnel syndrome -: (A) Median nerve, (B) Ulnar nerve, (C) Radial nerve, (D) Axillary nerve | Answer is A. Ans. is 'a' i.e., Median nerve f Ref: Basics of orthopaedics 2nd/e p. 718]Carpal tunnel syndromeo Carpal tunnel syndrome is the most common and widely known entrapment neuropathy in which the body's peripheral nerve is compressed or traumatized. Carpal tunnel syndrome occurs when the median nerve is compre... | |
Which of the following tuberculoides is characterized by involvement of sweat glands & hair follicle with non caseating epithelioid granuloma?: (A) Lichen scrofulosorum, (B) Miliary tuberculosis, (C) Papulonecrotic tuberculide, (D) Lupus vulgaris | Answer is A. Ans. A. lichen scrofulosorumHistopathology of Lichen scrofulosorum shows hair follicle infiltrated with mononuclear cells and occasional epithelioid cells, and upper dermal granuloma formed by mononuclear cells and epithelioid cells. Ziehl-Neelsen may demonstrate AFB. | |
Which of the following doesn't cause urethritis in males?: (A) H. Ducreyi, (B) Trichomonas vaginalis, (C) N. Gonorrhoea, (D) Chlamydia trachomatis | Answer is A. H. Ducreyi causes soft chancre/ chancroid. It doesn't cause urethritis in males. Infectious cause of urethritis- Neisseria gonorrhea Chlamydia trachomatis Trichomonas vaginalis Mycoplasma genitalum HSV Adenovirus Ureaplasma urealyticum | |
Following is are the clinical feature's of lepromatous leprosy: (A) Leonine facies, (B) Loss of libido and impotence, (C) Saddle nose, (D) All the above | Answer is D. Important clinical features oflepromatous leprosy
Diffuse erythema, ngling, nasal stuffiness or ep is tax is are earliest manifestations.
Nodules with predelicon for external ears,
Madarosis (loss of eyelashes and eye brow s),
Saddle nose (Collapse of nasal bridge) and perforation of palate.
Testicular... | |
Co-efficient of thermal expansion is highest for:: (A) Amalgam, (B) Silicate cement, (C) Gold alloy, (D) Acrylic resin | Answer is D. None | |
A person can give valid consent for routine clinical examination if he is above the minimum age of: (A) 12 years, (B) 16 years, (C) 18 years, (D) 21 years | Answer is A. Section 90 in The Indian Penal Code "Consent known to be given under fear or misconception.--A consent is not such a consent as it intended by any section of this Code, if the consent is given by a person under fear of injury, or under a misconception of fact, and if the person doing the act knows, or has ... | |
Which of the following is the FAD-linked dehydrogenase of TCA cycle?: (A) Isocitrate dehydrogenase, (B) Malate dehydrogenase, (C) Succinate dehydrogenase, (D) a ketoglutarate dehydrogenase | Answer is C. Ans. c)Succinate dehydrogenase is the only 1 FAD-linked dehydrogenase in TCA cycle | |
Human growth hormone has:: (A) One polypeptide chain and one intra chaindisulphide bond, (B) One polypeptide chain and two intra chaindisulphide bond, (C) Two polypeptide chains joined by onedisulphide bond, (D) Two polypeptide chains joined by twodisulphide bond | Answer is B. Ans. B. One polypeptide chain and two intra chaindisulphide bondGrowth hormone or somatotrophin consists of a single polypeptide with a molecular weight of about 21500. It consists of 191 amino acids. There are two disulfide bridges between the adjacent cysteine residues. GH brings about positive nitrogen ... | |
Pericardial effusion is best diagnosed by: September 2004: (A) USG, (B) Angiography, (C) Gallium scan, (D) Echocardiography | Answer is D. Ans. D i.e. Echocardiography | |
Aims of abbreviated laparotomy: (A) Decreased chance of infection, (B) Early ambulation, (C) Early wound healing, (D) Hemostasis | Answer is D. None | |
Hinge fracture is seen in: (A) Vault, (B) Ant cranial fossa, (C) Middle cranial fossa, (D) Posterior cranial fossa | Answer is C. Skull base fractures Anteruor cranial fossa Subconjunctival hematoma CSF Rhinorrhea Carotico-cavernous fistula Periorbital hematoma or "Raccoon eyes" Middle cranial fossa fracture CSF otorrhea Hemotympanum Ossicular disruption Battle sign : Bruising behind the ear 7th and 8th cranial nerve palsies Ref: Bai... | |
Skin flap is used in all except -: (A) Bone, (B) Tendon, (C) Burn wound, (D) Cailage | Answer is C. Ans. is 'c' i.e., Burn wound |
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