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What kind of effects can proper lighting have on a persons psychologically?
energy consumption
What does using natural illumination instead of artificial lighting help with?
Lighting or illumination
What is the used to achieve a practical effect?
light fixtures
What type of fixtures do you use for indoor lighting?
Indoor lighting
What is considered a key part of interior design?
lighting
What can be a intrinsic component of landscaping?
light fixtures
What type of fixtures are used typically used for indoor lighting?
lighting
What can be used as a intrinsic component of landscape projects?
1939
When was fluorescent lighting first available?
Recessed lighting
What type of lighting can be mounted in the ceiling to appear flush?
400,000 BCE
Peking man kindled fire as early as?
birds and fish
Which type of oily animals where also used as lamps after being threaded with wick?
campfires or torches
What is considered the earliest form of artificial lighting?
15,000 years
The hollow worked stones lamps found in Lascaux caves date back how far?
incandescent light
What type of lighting was powered by electricity?
early 1800s
When did gas powered street lights became economically available.
urban crime.
Street lights help reduce?
Lighting fixtures
What can come in a wide variety of styles for various functions?
visual glare
Functioning as holder a light fixture can provide directed light and avoid?
lumen per watt
Luminous efficacy is measure in what unit?
6400
How many Kelvins is daylight measured at?
incandescent bulb
What has a color temperature around 2800 to 3000 Kelvin?
blue-white
It can be said that lights with a high color temperature have more energy in what color spectrum?
Lower color temperature
A lamp with more energy in the yellow and red spectrum are known to be?
light produced by the fixture.
A light is classified by intended purpose, what mainly changes its classification?
Lightolier
Who invented track lighting?
master transformer
What feeds all the fixtures in low voltage tracks instead of each light having a line-to-low voltage transformer.
cable lighting
What type of lighting uses lights that are hung or clipped to bare metal cables?
12 or 24 volts
How many volts does a track lighting system usually use?
torchiere
What is a uplight used for ambient lighting?
table lamp
What is one type of fixture commonly found in offices?
task lighting
Magnifier lamps are considered what type of lighting?
dark nightclub
When would neon lighting be considered general lighting?
illuminated ceiling
What uses diffuser panels below fluorescent lights?
accent lighting
Normally neon lighting is considered what type of lighting?
small lights
What do steps in move theater aisles have for safety markings?
LED based versions
What are the low wattage lamps being replaced with in movie theaters?
translucent tube
What kind of tube are the movie theaters lights enclosed in?
Street Lights
What is used to light walkways at night?
photovoltaic luminaires
What kind of lights are being designed for energy efficiency?
Floodlights
What kind of light is used to illuminate outdoor playing fields at night?
security lighting
Extremely bright lights used to deter crime are called?
Entry lights
What type of light would be used illuminate the entrance to a property?
red
What color are tail lights?
white or selective yellow
What color are headlamps on a vehicle?
late 1950s
When did automakers start using electroluminescent technology to backlight gauges?
White
What color are reversing indicator lamps?
turn signals
What indicates that a driver is intending to change position?
light bulbs
What is the removable and replaceable part of a light fixture?
electrical energy
What does a light bulb convert into electromagnetic radiation?
60 w
Huge much light does a 13 W compact fluorescent lamp produce equivalent to a incandescent light bulb.
800 lumens
How many lemuns does a 15 watt fluorescent lamp produce?
architectural lighting design
What is designing as it applies to built environments?
kno
Would you consider aesthetic elements alone in architectural lighting design?
Radiance
What is the name of the software sometimes used to help calculate lighting needs in a built environment?
tabular
Hand-calculations are based off of what type of data?
Daylight factor calculation.
What type of factor calculation can be used to find out how much daylight is received in a internal space.
dark paint
What type of paint tends to absorb light?
light paint
What kind of paint makes a room a room look larger and brighter?
Photometric studies
What type of study is used to simulate lighting designs?
lighting cues
What is prepared prior to the performance for the lighting operator?
stage lighting
Motion pictures employee the similar lighting techniques as which other form of lighting?
candela (cd)
What is the basic SI unit of measurement?
cd/m2
What is the SI unit for lumiance?
stilb
What is the CGS unit of lumiance?
lumen (lm)
What is the amount of useful light emitted from a luminous flux measured in?
luminosity function
What is a standardized model of human visual brightness?
Lux
What is the SI unit of illuminace and luminous emittance?
Unified Glare Rating
What does UGR stand for?
correlated color temperature
What does CCT stand for?
color rendering index
What does CRI stand for?
CRI
What metric indicates a lights ability to make object appear natural?
CCT
What metric indicates "warmth" or "coolness"?
gamut area index
What does GAI stand for?
GAI
The relative separating of object colors illuminated by a light source is known as?
ano
Would a lower GAI mean higher apparent saturation or vividness of object colors?
light dosimeters
What is typically used to measure light?
Daysimeter
What measures the amount of light entering the eye?
circadian light meter
A Daysimeter what type of personal meter?
30
How many days can the Daysimeter gather for analysis?
short-wavelength light
What type of light stimulates the circadian system?
Specification of illumination requirements
What is a basic concept of deciding how much illumination is required for a given task?
Lighting control
What can help reduce energy and usage cost by providing light only when or where it is needed?
wireless mesh open standards
What type of standard do newer control systems use?
ZigBee
What is the name of one type of control system used?
no
Does a wireless mesh open standard make installation harder?
Occupancy sensors
What sensor controls light with motion sensors?
changes in heat
What does a passive infrared sensor react to?
Ultrasonic sensors
What type of sensor transmits sound above the range of human hearing?
no
Would you want to use passive infrared sensor in a area requiring 360-degree coverage?
Daylighting
What is the oldest method of interior lighting?
not
Daylighting has been proven to have negative effects on people?
LEDs
What is a form of solid state lighting?
nonimaging optics
What is the best way to control light emissions of LEDs?
higher lighting levels
What can cause health effects such headache frequency?
Alzheimer's Disease
Maximizing the right amount of light at the appropriate time for elderly may help systems of what?
24
The human circadian system is entrained to how many hours light-dark pattern?
disrupt the natural circadian cycle
What happens to the natural carcidan cycle when light-dark patterns are disrupted?
Robert Ulrich
Who documented 23 surgical patients assigned rooms looking out on a natural scene?
no
Did the patients with natural scenes have longer postoperative hospital stays?