answer
stringlengths
1
239
question
stringlengths
1
25.7k
programs
The ability to store and execute lists of instructions are called what?
The Church–Turing thesis
The mathematical statement of computers versatility is known as what?
a computer
All devices that can process information can qualify being called what?
transistors
Vacuum tubes in early computers were replaced by what?
photolithographed semiconductors
Transistors are typically made up of what today?
billiard ball computer)
A computer that is made using pool balls is known as what?
quantum computers
What type of computer can break encryption algorithms quickly?
quantum factoring
By what method do quantum computers solve encryption algorithms quickly?
artificial intelligence
Computer programs that can learn are studied in what field?
hardware
Parts of a computer that are real objects are collectively known as what?
Software
Parts of a computer that are not material objects are collectively known as what?
firmware
Software stored in hardware that cannot be changed easily is called what?
software
What type of "ware" is a BIOS ROM in a PC?
the motherboard
A BIOS chip is located where in a computer?
BIOS set up
What type of software is stored in a BIOS chip?
CPU
Processing data from input and output devices is typically done by what?
output devices
Where is the data from input devices sent to after being processed?
communities and countries, "black" is also perceived as a derogatory,
Do some countries have negative feelings towards the word "black"?
racial classification or of ethnicity
What is "black people" a term for?
the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies
Do all regions perceive that term "black people" the same?
, "black" is also perceived as a derogatory, outdated, reductive or otherwise unrepresentative label,
Do some cultures not use the term "Black people"?
the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends significantly on context.
Can the term "black people" have different meanings?
Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black"
Do all societies use the term "black" the same?
societal variables
What factors can affect the classification of "blackness"?
mixed-race people are generally not classified as "black."
Are mixed race people classified as black?
it is instead a socially based racial classification related to being African American, with a family history associated with institutionalized slavery.
How is the term "black" defined in the United States?
European colonists applied the term "black" or it was used by populations with different histories and ethnic origin.
How did European Colonists use the term "Black"?
Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla
What made up Mauretania?
The Romans
Who conquered parts of Mauretania?
the classical period.
During what period did Mauretania exist?
in Classical literature
Where were the people of the region noted?
Moors
What is Mauri in English?
North Africa
Where was the Arab Slave Trade?
the 7th century
When were the Arab Invasions?
North Africa
Where were numerous dark-skinned communities?
some dating from prehistoric communities.
When did these communities begin?
Trans-Saharan trade in peoples
Who are they descendants of?
(1672–1727)
When did Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail live?
150,000
How many black slaves did he own?
Black Guard
What did he call his slave army?
coerced the country into submission.
What did the Black Guard do?
In the 18th century
When did the Black Guard exist?
because they have some distant white ancestry.
Why would a black-looking Arab consider himself white?
Brazil's University of the State of Bahia
Where does Dr. Carlos Moore work?
in ways that resemble multi-racials
How do Afro-multiracials identify in the 21st century?
Anwar Sadat
Who was the Egyptian President?
Nubian Sudanese
What ethnicity was his mother?
Egyptian
What ethnicity was his father?
reddish
What color did he refer to himself as?
black women
Who was enslaved more often?
sexual relations between a male master and his female slave
What did the Qur'an permit?
domestic service and agriculture
What were female slaves used for?
umm walad
What is the term for a pregnant slave?
"mother of a child"
What does umm walad mean?
Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur
Who was the ruler in Morocco?
from 1578 to 1608
When did Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur rule?
Fulani
What ethnicity was his mother?
(Arabic: عبد‎,) (meaning "slave")
What Arabic term is still used for black people?
sub-Saharan peoples
Who still had the term "slave" used in reference to them?
early 1991
When did the Arab apartheid intensify?
non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe
Who felt persecuted due to the apartheid?
Sudan
Where did these people live?
Sudanese Arabs
Who controlled the government?
deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing.
What was the government being accused of?
George Ayittey
Who accused the Arab government of practicing acts of racism?
the Arab government
Who executed the apartheid?
blacks
Who was excluded?
Sudan
Where were they?
economist
What is George Ayittey's profession?
Irwin Cotler
Who was the Canadian Minister of Justice?
an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid."
How did Alan Dershozitz describe the Sudan?
Irwin Cotler
Who argeed with Dershowitz?
Canadian
Where did Irwin Cotler live?
many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes
What did the colonization of South Africa result in?
mixed-race children
What was a result of these marriages?
second-class
What class were Africans and Mixed Race children considered?
Bantu, Khoisan, and European descent
Who was included in the Coloured group?
a system of legal racial segregation
What does apartheid mean?
the Population Registration Act of 1945
What act determined what class a citizen belonged to?
pencil test
What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black?
A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil
How did the pencil test work?
Minor officials
Who administered the "Pencil Test"?
Sandra Laing
Who was featured in the movie "Skin"?
2008
What year was the movie "Skin" made?
age 10
At was age was Sandra Laing expelled from school?
South African
What is Sandra Laing's ethnicity?
three
How many generations of European Ancestors does Sandra Laing have?
those classed as "Coloured"
Who was oppressed and discriminated against?
During the apartheid era
What era did this discrimination take place?
those classed as "Black"
Who were "Coloured" people above in the class system?
large townships located away from the cities
Where were the "black" areas?
affirmative action policies
What laws did they introduce to support blacks?
"Africans", "Coloureds" and "Asians"
Who does the term "black" people include?
a "Non-racial democracy"
What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be?
ANC (African National Congress)
Who makes the "Coloured" people feel "Not black enough"?
"Africans
Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies?
the High Court in South Africa
Who declared Chinese South Africans as "Black People"?
2008
What year did this ruling happen?
solely for the purposes of accessing affirmative action benefits
Why was this classification made?
Chinese people who arrived in the country after the end of apartheid
What Chinese people did not qualify for benefits?