answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
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programs | The ability to store and execute lists of instructions are called what? |
The Church–Turing thesis | The mathematical statement of computers versatility is known as what? |
a computer | All devices that can process information can qualify being called what? |
transistors | Vacuum tubes in early computers were replaced by what? |
photolithographed semiconductors | Transistors are typically made up of what today? |
billiard ball computer) | A computer that is made using pool balls is known as what? |
quantum computers | What type of computer can break encryption algorithms quickly? |
quantum factoring | By what method do quantum computers solve encryption algorithms quickly? |
artificial intelligence | Computer programs that can learn are studied in what field? |
hardware | Parts of a computer that are real objects are collectively known as what? |
Software | Parts of a computer that are not material objects are collectively known as what? |
firmware | Software stored in hardware that cannot be changed easily is called what? |
software | What type of "ware" is a BIOS ROM in a PC? |
the motherboard | A BIOS chip is located where in a computer? |
BIOS set up | What type of software is stored in a BIOS chip? |
CPU | Processing data from input and output devices is typically done by what? |
output devices | Where is the data from input devices sent to after being processed? |
communities and countries, "black" is also perceived as a derogatory, | Do some countries have negative feelings towards the word "black"? |
racial classification or of ethnicity | What is "black people" a term for? |
the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies | Do all regions perceive that term "black people" the same? |
, "black" is also perceived as a derogatory, outdated, reductive or otherwise unrepresentative label, | Do some cultures not use the term "Black people"? |
the meaning of the expression varies widely both between and within societies, and depends significantly on context. | Can the term "black people" have different meanings? |
Different societies apply differing criteria regarding who is classified as "black" | Do all societies use the term "black" the same? |
societal variables | What factors can affect the classification of "blackness"? |
mixed-race people are generally not classified as "black." | Are mixed race people classified as black? |
it is instead a socially based racial classification related to being African American, with a family history associated with institutionalized slavery. | How is the term "black" defined in the United States? |
European colonists applied the term "black" or it was used by populations with different histories and ethnic origin. | How did European Colonists use the term "Black"? |
Morocco, western Algeria, and the Spanish cities Ceuta and Melilla | What made up Mauretania? |
The Romans | Who conquered parts of Mauretania? |
the classical period. | During what period did Mauretania exist? |
in Classical literature | Where were the people of the region noted? |
Moors | What is Mauri in English? |
North Africa | Where was the Arab Slave Trade? |
the 7th century | When were the Arab Invasions? |
North Africa | Where were numerous dark-skinned communities? |
some dating from prehistoric communities. | When did these communities begin? |
Trans-Saharan trade in peoples | Who are they descendants of? |
(1672–1727) | When did Moroccan Sultan Moulay Ismail live? |
150,000 | How many black slaves did he own? |
Black Guard | What did he call his slave army? |
coerced the country into submission. | What did the Black Guard do? |
In the 18th century | When did the Black Guard exist? |
because they have some distant white ancestry. | Why would a black-looking Arab consider himself white? |
Brazil's University of the State of Bahia | Where does Dr. Carlos Moore work? |
in ways that resemble multi-racials | How do Afro-multiracials identify in the 21st century? |
Anwar Sadat | Who was the Egyptian President? |
Nubian Sudanese | What ethnicity was his mother? |
Egyptian | What ethnicity was his father? |
reddish | What color did he refer to himself as? |
black women | Who was enslaved more often? |
sexual relations between a male master and his female slave | What did the Qur'an permit? |
domestic service and agriculture | What were female slaves used for? |
umm walad | What is the term for a pregnant slave? |
"mother of a child" | What does umm walad mean? |
Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur | Who was the ruler in Morocco? |
from 1578 to 1608 | When did Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur rule? |
Fulani | What ethnicity was his mother? |
(Arabic: عبد,) (meaning "slave") | What Arabic term is still used for black people? |
sub-Saharan peoples | Who still had the term "slave" used in reference to them? |
early 1991 | When did the Arab apartheid intensify? |
non-Arabs of the Zaghawa tribe | Who felt persecuted due to the apartheid? |
Sudan | Where did these people live? |
Sudanese Arabs | Who controlled the government? |
deftly manipulat(ing) Arab solidarity" to carry out policies of apartheid and ethnic cleansing. | What was the government being accused of? |
George Ayittey | Who accused the Arab government of practicing acts of racism? |
the Arab government | Who executed the apartheid? |
blacks | Who was excluded? |
Sudan | Where were they? |
economist | What is George Ayittey's profession? |
Irwin Cotler | Who was the Canadian Minister of Justice? |
an example of a government that "actually deserve(s)" the appellation "apartheid." | How did Alan Dershozitz describe the Sudan? |
Irwin Cotler | Who argeed with Dershowitz? |
Canadian | Where did Irwin Cotler live? |
many unions and marriages between European men and African women from various tribes | What did the colonization of South Africa result in? |
mixed-race children | What was a result of these marriages? |
second-class | What class were Africans and Mixed Race children considered? |
Bantu, Khoisan, and European descent | Who was included in the Coloured group? |
a system of legal racial segregation | What does apartheid mean? |
the Population Registration Act of 1945 | What act determined what class a citizen belonged to? |
pencil test | What test was used to determine if someone was coloured or black? |
A pencil was inserted into a person's hair to determine if the hair was kinky enough to hold the pencil | How did the pencil test work? |
Minor officials | Who administered the "Pencil Test"? |
Sandra Laing | Who was featured in the movie "Skin"? |
2008 | What year was the movie "Skin" made? |
age 10 | At was age was Sandra Laing expelled from school? |
South African | What is Sandra Laing's ethnicity? |
three | How many generations of European Ancestors does Sandra Laing have? |
those classed as "Coloured" | Who was oppressed and discriminated against? |
During the apartheid era | What era did this discrimination take place? |
those classed as "Black" | Who were "Coloured" people above in the class system? |
large townships located away from the cities | Where were the "black" areas? |
affirmative action policies | What laws did they introduce to support blacks? |
"Africans", "Coloureds" and "Asians" | Who does the term "black" people include? |
a "Non-racial democracy" | What did South Africa's Constitution Declare to be? |
ANC (African National Congress) | Who makes the "Coloured" people feel "Not black enough"? |
"Africans | Who is favored more under the affirmative action policies? |
the High Court in South Africa | Who declared Chinese South Africans as "Black People"? |
2008 | What year did this ruling happen? |
solely for the purposes of accessing affirmative action benefits | Why was this classification made? |
Chinese people who arrived in the country after the end of apartheid | What Chinese people did not qualify for benefits? |
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