answer stringlengths 1 239 ⌀ | question stringlengths 1 25.7k |
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The Mark 1 | What was the prototype for the Ferranti Mark 1? |
Ferranti Mark 1 | What was the first available computer for the public? |
1951 | When was the Ferranti Mark 1 built? |
University of Manchester | Where was the Ferranti Mark 1 sent to after it was developed? |
April 1951 | When was the LEO 1 computer first operational? |
1947. | When was the bipolar transistor created? |
1955 | When did transistors start replacing vacuum tubes in computers? |
Tom Kilburn | At the University of Manchester, who oversaw the building of a computer using transistors instead of valves? |
1953 | The first transistorised computer was operational in what year? |
valves | What did the machine use to generate its clock waveforms? |
electronics division of the Atomic Energy Research Establishment at Harwell | Who built the Harwell CADET? |
1955 | In what year was the Harwell CADET built? |
Geoffrey W.A. Dummer | The integrated circuit of a computer was the idea of whom? |
Royal Radar Establishment of the Ministry of Defence | Where did Geoffrey W.A. Dummer work at? |
Jack Kilby at Texas Instruments and Robert Noyce at Fairchild Semiconductor. | Where created the first practical integrated circuits? |
Texas Instruments | Where did Jack Kilby work at when he created the first IC? |
12 September 1958. | When was the first functional IC demonstrated? |
germanium | What was Kilby's IC made of? |
silicon | Noyce's IC was made up of what material? |
Intel 4004 | What was the name of the first single-chip microprocessor? |
Ted Hoff, Federico Faggin, and Stanley Mazor | Who created the Intel 4004 microprocessor? |
Intel. | Where did Ted Hoff, Federico Faggin, and Stanley Mazor work at? |
smartphones | Computing resources that are created in cell phones are called what? |
237 million devices | How many tablets were sold in 2Q 2013? |
(gigaflops) | Billions of instructions per second are called what in computer terms? |
the flow of control | When a computer goes back and repeats instructions of a program over until an internal condition is met is called what? |
the flow of control | What allows a computer to perform repetitive tasks without human intervening? |
Harvard Mark I computer | Which computer is the Harvard architecture modeled after? |
the Harvard architecture | A computer that stores its program in memory and kept separate from the data is called what? |
basic instruction can be given a short name that is indicative of its function | A computer's assembly language is known as what? |
an assembler. | Programs that convert assembly language into machine language are called what? |
machine language | Computer programs that are long lists of numbers are called what? |
a compiler or an assembler | Programming languages are translated into machine code by what? |
an interpreter | Programming languages are translated at run time by what? |
a PDA or a hand-held videogame | An ARM architecture computer can be found in what? |
a compiler | Assembly language that is translated into machine language is done by what type of computer? |
SQL | An example of a 4GL is what? |
provides ways to obtain information without requiring the direct help of a programmer | What is the pro of 4GL over a 3G language? |
"bugs | Another name for errors in programs are called what? |
programmer error or an oversight made in the program's design | Bugs are usually the fault of whom or what? |
Admiral Grace Hopper | Who was the developer of the first compier? |
Admiral Grace Hopper | Who first coined the term "bugs"? |
moth | What type of creature shorted a relay of Grace Hopper's computer? |
Harvard Mark II | What type of computer of Grace Hopper's was shorted by a moth? |
September 1947 | When was Grace Hopper's Hardvard Mark II shorted by a moth? |
arithmetic logic | The ALU of a computer stands for what? |
I/O | Input and output devices are known as what term? |
the control unit, the memory | Besides the ALU, input and output devices, what are the other two main components of a computer? |
a bit (binary digit) of information | A circuit in a computer part represents what? |
on | In positive logic representation a "1" represents when a circuit is what? |
off | In positive logic representation a "0" represents when a circuit is what? |
a control system or central controller) | What are other names for a control unit for a computer? |
(decodes | Reading and interpreting from a control unit is called doing what? |
a register | A special memory cell of a CPU is called what? |
which location in memory the next instruction is to be read from | A register of a CPU keeps track of what? |
the program counter | What is a component that all CPUs have? |
the ALU | In what part can the program counter be changed by calculations? |
"jumps" | Instructions that change the program counter are called what? |
instructions that are repeated by the computer) | Loops are defined as what? |
microsequencer | In some CPU designs there is tinier computer called what? |
CPU | A microsequencer can be found in what other computer component? |
central processing unit | The CPU is an abbreviation for what? |
The control unit, ALU, and registers | What 3 parts make up the CPU? |
a microprocessor | CPUs that are constructed on a single integrated circuit are called what? |
mid-1970s | Since when have CPUs been constructed with a microprocessor? |
sine, cosine, | Some trigonometry functions are what? |
(integers | The term for whole numbers is what? |
AND, OR, XOR, and NOT | Boolean logic consists of what? |
Superscalar | Computers that have multiple ALUs are called what? |
a single number | How many numbers can a cell of a computer's memory hold? |
the software's | What is the responsibility of giving significance to what the memory sees as nothing but numbers? |
a byte | A group of 8 bits is called what? |
256 different numbers | How many numbers can a byte represent? |
0 to 255 or −128 to +127 | What is the range of the numbers that a byte can represent? |
The CPU | What part of the computer has memory cells called registers? |
two and one hundred registers | What is the typical range of registers for a CPU? |
ROM | What type of memory can a CPU only read from? |
RAM | What type of memory can a CPU read and write from? |
ROM | What type of memory is always kept and kept the same? |
the BIOS | A progam inside the ROM of a PC is called what? |
firmware, | Software stored in ROM is called what usually? |
registers | RAM cache memory is slower than what? |
peripherals | Devices that give input or output to a computer are called what? |
input | A mouse is what type of peripheral device? |
output | A printer is what type of peripheral device? |
input and output | Hard disk drives are what type of peripheral device? |
input | A keyboard is what type of peripheral device? |
multitasking | In computer terms, when a computer is switching rapidly between running each program in turn, is called what? |
"time-sharing" | A method of multitasking that takes a "slice" of time in turn is called what? |
an interrupt, | A signal that stops a compute executing instructions is called what? |
more slowly, | Multitasking would seemingly cause a computer to run in what fashion? |
input/output devices | What do a lot of programs spend time waiting for? |
CPUs | Multiprocessor and multi-core computers have multiples of what? |
thousands | How many CPUs do supercomputers typically possess? |
Supercomputers | What is the name of a computer that has many CPUs and much more powerful? |
SAGE system | What system of the U.S. military's was the first large-scale system to coordinate information between several locations? |
the 1950s | When were computers first used to coordinate information between many locations? |
ARPA | Who funded the linking of computers around the US in the 1970s? |
DARPA) | ARPA is now known as what? |
the Internet. | The network spread to be known as what today? |
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