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cc-by | Introduction A manifest proof of anthropogenic influence on climate is the recent warming of the world oceans (Levitus et al. , 2001) , its prominent features being reproduced by models only when anthropogenic GHG (greenhouse gas) forcing is considered (Levitus et al. , 2001; Crowley et al. , 2003; Gregory et al. , 2... | 10.5194/cp-9-547-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | , 1996) and ocean model HOPE-G (Wolff et al. , 1997) ). An equivalent analysis, focused on the Atlantic meridional overturning variability and making use of the same group of experiments, is performed in Ortega et al. (2012) , hereafter referred to as OR12. In the current study a thorough comparison of the simulatio... | 10.5194/cp-9-547-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | OHC variability in the instrumental period OHC estimates are calculated from global observations of upper ocean temperature. This computation requires reliable and globally distributed subsurface instrumental data, as well as the use of interpolation and regridding techniques. Since 1950, the spatial coverage of temper... | 10.5194/cp-9-547-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | This points to a probable different role of internal variability in this period for the two datasets. Also, this calculation can be affected by the absence of anthropogenic aerosols in the simulations, which may be crucial to explain recent decadal changes in North Atlantic climate (Booth et al. , 2012). The validity ... | 10.5194/cp-9-547-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | This particular pattern is not observed for the other surface heat fluxes. We now turn our attention to the temporal features associated with the influence of the different radiative forcings. A wavelet coherence (WTC) analysis (Torrence and Compo, 1998) is used to investigate the common spectral features between the... | 10.5194/cp-9-547-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Two plant genome size databases have been recently updated and/or extended: the Plant DNA C-values database (http://data. kew. org/cvalues), and GSAD, the Genome Size in Asteraceae database (http://www. asteraceaegenomesize. com). While the first provides information on nuclear DNA contents across land plants and some ... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | 0, Dec. 2012) contains data for 8510 species, while GSAD has 1219 species (Release 2. 0, June 2013), representing increases of 17 and 51%, respectively, in the number of species with genome size data, compared with previous releases. Here we provide overviews of the most recent releases of each database, and outline ne... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | This was because values were either scattered in the literature or unpublished. Nevertheless, this impediment has now been largely overcome by the release of electronic databases for several major groups of eukaryotes (15, 16) : animals (http://www. genomesize. com), fungi http://www. zbi. ee/fungal-genomesize) and pl... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | 0, December 2012, http://data. kew. org/cvalues) and the Genome size in Asteraceae database (GSAD; Release 2. 0, June 2013, http://www. asteraceaegenomesize. com). | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | THE PLANT DNA C-VALUES DATABASE The Plant DNA C-values database (http://data. kew. org/ cvalues) was first launched in 2001 to provide a userfriendly searchable database where both published and unpublished values of plant genome size could be readily found (15, 17). It contained data for 3864 species that had been co... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | A detailed description of the organization, search options and output fields in the Plant DNA C-values database has already been given in (15) and is also available from the 'Help' web page of the database (http://data. kew. org/ cvalues/searchguide. html). This outlines the diverse and flexible search options availa... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | g. alphabetically by family, genus, species). It is noted that the Plant DNA C-values database does not currently display information about which calibration standard has been used to estimate the genome size of a particular species, despite the realization that choice of standard and its assumed C-value are two of the... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | e. approximately 460 species not previously listed in the database (= 'new' species) added per year, and >600 estimates in total per year (Figure 1 ). | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Angiosperms Most of the novel additions to the database have come from research in angiosperms, where data for 1255 species not previously listed have been added. Not only has this increased the percentage of angiosperm species with genome size data to approximately 2. 1% [based on an estimate of 352 000 angiosperm spe... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Other land plant groups and algae In other land plant groups, the most notable progress in improving genome size representation has been in the gymnosperms where the number of 'new' species has increased by 43%. This is largely due to several recent surveys by Zonneveld (29) (30) (31) , which together have generated d... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Nevertheless, this will be addressed in Release 7. 0 planned for 2014 as new genome size data for the bryophyte groups liverworts [67 species from 33 families, (33) ] and hornworts [24 species from 5 families, (34)] will be added, together with new data for algae [e. g. (35) (36) (37) (38) ] and other land plant group... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | The Plant DNA C-values database provides insights into plant genome size diversity Overall, analysis of the data available in the Plant DNA C-values database illustrates the considerable diversity in genome sizes between the different land plant and algal groups, both in terms of the range of genome sizes encountered a... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | THE GSAD GSAD (http://www. asteraceaegenomesize. com) provides genome size data specifically for Asteraceae (Compositae), which are considered to be one of the largest plant families (24 000-30 000 species) with a worldwide distribution, except Antarctica. Overall, Asteraceae account for approximately 7-9% of angiosper... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | g. 41-43) and the focus of evolutionary-developmental research such as floral development in Gerbera or Helianthus (44). The sunflower is also the subject of an ongoing whole genome sequencing project (45) , with the current release containing data for >80% of the genome (45, 46). Development of GSAD was initiated ... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | The aim was to complement the Plant DNA C-values database in the same the Index to Chromosome Numbers in Asteraceae (http://www. lib. kobe-u. ac. jp/infolib/meta_pub/G0000003asteraceae_e) complements the more general Index to Plant Chromosome Numbers (http://www. tropicos. org/Project/ IPCN). Additionally, GSAD provide... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | These new data have been incorporated into the new release (Release 2. 0, June 2013), which contains genome sizes for 1219 species [Currently GSAD contains C-value data for approximately 400 species of Asteraceae not listed in the Plant DNA C-values database (Release 6. 0, December 2012). Many of the additional species... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Database content update Overall, the total number of species and genera listed in GSAD has grown by 51 and 72%, respectively. In addition, Release 2. 0 now includes some well-known genera such as Leontopodium and Mutisia for which no previous records were available. Table 2 provides information on the percentage of s... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Web interface features new to Release 2. 0 Release 2. 0 of GSAD includes several new features to enhance the user's experience. (i) A genome size representation tool is now included to enable the user to visually compare genome sizes for a set of species. This allows genome size differences within a given search output... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | (iv) 'News' is a blog with information on upcoming meetings, relevant articles and links related to genome size and Asteraceae. (v) 'Submit your Data' provides the option for researchers to send data through a submission form. (vi) 'What's new?' gives details of updates and improvements in each new release of the datab... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Future prospects The second release of GSAD arose from a considerable compilation effort and has led to a significant increase in the number of Asteraceae species with genome size data. Given this remarkable growth of data in recent years, annual updates are planned so that readily accessible global knowledge on Astera... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | of the 12 recognized subfamilies. Nevertheless, the construction of this database has enabled such gaps to be highlighted and will hopefully encourage the development of working strategies to fill them. In this regard, the following 5-year targets are proposed to improve representation of genome sizes in Asteraceae: to... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Release 6. 0 of the Plant DNA C-values database Compared with the previous release of the Plant DNA Cvalues database (i. e. Release 5. 0, December 2010 with data for 7058 species), the number of species included has increased by 17%. Analysis shows that 2010-2012 had the highest rate of plant genome size data generatio... | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | Minimum (Min. ), maximum (Max. ) and mean 2C-values for each plant group represented in the Plant DNA C-values database (Release 6. 0, Dec. 2012), together with percentage representation of species in each group. | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authors thank all researchers that contribute to our knowledge of plant genome sizes. The librarian Karina Barros (Institut Bota`nic de Barcelona, IBB-CSIC-ICUB) was of great help in the literature compilation for GSAD. | 10.1093/nar/gkt1195 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Agricultural and Biological Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/11 |
cc-by | R I S K A S S E S S M E NT, M A N AG E M E NT PRACTICES, AND MODELING TOOLS. In a period when weather events and changes in climatic patterns are increasingly affecting various aspects of societal activities, particularly the energy industry, the demand for relevant weather observations and meteorological prediction, o... | 10.1175/bams-d-12-00061.1 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Energy | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
cc-by | EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION BETWEEN ENERGY AND METEOROLOGY. The way in which information and data are shared between the meteorology community and the energy sector varies considerably. Examples range from the very protective attitude, one for which information sharing is viewed as a commercial threat, to a more collaborat... | 10.1175/bams-d-12-00061.1 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Energy | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
cc-by | ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. The authors would like to thank CSIRO (particularly the Climate and Atmosphere theme), ESMAP, and AusAID for funding this conference; the organizing and local committees; and Conference Action for the management of the conference. Feedback on an early version of the manuscript from Craig Macaulay is gr... | 10.1175/bams-d-12-00061.1 | article | en | 2,012 | false | false | true | false | Energy | https://openalex.org/fields/21 |
cc-by | Over Australia, the multi-model mean is sim-ilar to MISR, and does not show the extreme lows or highs seen by MODIS. The models underpredict AOD over Arctic land areas and the Southern Ocean. We next quantify correlations and biases. All calculations use regridded 1 • × 1 • monthly mean model fields sampled only when a... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Some models have comparable magnitude In OA-rich locations, several models appear to have too little AOD while GFDL-AM3 appears to have too much. These biases have no clear relationship to global mean OA AOD values other than GFDL-AM3 having the largest OA AOD. Dust and sea-salt are primarily naturally occurring aeroso... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | 52 and 0. 77 (Textor et al. , 2006). The Aero-Com phase II models report correlations from 0. 26 to 0. 78, with 8 of the 10 models between 0. 60 and 0. 78 (M. Schulz, personal communication, 2012 ). In the ACCMIP set, 7 of the 9 models have correlations between 0. 54 and 0. 69. The slightly lower correlations in the A... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Overall, evaluation against ground-based and satellite datasets is fairly consistent, however. Separating the analysis into temporal and spatial components, we find that the models all capture the monthly variations of AOD in every continental-sized region fairly well, with nearly all correlations between 0. 6 and 0. 8... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | This is especially the case for the CICERO-OsloCTM2 and GFDL-AM3 models, consistent with the analysis against satellite AOD in sulfate-rich areas. Further towards the equator, dust becomes a large contributor to AOD with a peak around 20 • N in most models. Dust is by far the largest component of AOD in several models,... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | OMI data indicates large Arctic AAOD values, but satellite AAOD retrievals are especially challenging over bright surfaces, so these observations may not be reliable. Correlations with OMI are substantially better excluding the Arctic (Table 5). It is difficult to measure AAOD accurately from space, and the OMI measure... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | The low biases in modeled AAOD over South America and Southeast Asia occur in areas where BC's contribution to total AAOD is quite large, however. Though AAOD retrievals from ground-based lidar may themselves have biases (e. g. due to required removal of NO 2 absorption), it seems likely that the at least a portion of ... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | AOD trends Long-term data on aerosol AOD is fairly limited. The most complete long-term satellite record is from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and extends back to 1981. We compare the difference between the AC-CMIP 1980 and 2000 timeslices with differences between AVHRR over 1981 -1987 (excludin... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | AOD also decreases off West Africa, though as interannual variability in dust emissions is large, our relatively short averaging periods may not be representative for long-term trends there. The models show decreases in AOD over continental Europe and eastern North America that extend out over the nearby oceans. Quanti... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | , 2013). This dataset has less coverage (i. e. no Great Lakes data), but at least nominally improves over the prior processing. This version shows more negative trends everywhere relative to the earlier NOAA analysis, and the models underpredict AOD decreases near both Europe and North America with respect to this anal... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | The modeled increases, however, extend over a broader area of the Indian and western Pacific Oceans. Modeled trends are much too large near Asia relative to the new AVHRR-CDR product. It is difficult to reconcile modeled increases being far too large with the consistent underprediction of 2000 total AOD in south and ea... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | We also weight GISS-E2-R nitrate by 0. 5 to account for its biases against AVHRR trends in nitraterich areas (Sect. 4). Multi-model means are -0. 05 W m -2 for SOA and -0. 16 W m -2 for nitrate. The mean, standard deviation, and range for Aer+ are -0. 39, 0. 14 and -0. 12 to -0. 62 W m -2 , respectively. Since accounti... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | AOD trends are available from a large number of CMIP5 models. Using the NRF of -7. 6 W m -2 derived from AC-CMIP, we estimate the direct aerosol RF based on CMIP5 AODs (Fig. 19 ; Appendix G). The estimated aerosol RFs in the subset of ACCMIP models with CMIP5 AOD data is -0. 31 W m -2 , a value larger than the true for... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | , 2012; Bitz et al. , 2012; Gettelman et al. , 2012) and GISS-E2-R simulations) (Fig. 22 ). However, ECS is not particularly correlated with aerosol ERF, which is the more relevant quantity, nor with total forcing. Similar conclusions come from comparing forcing with transient climate response. We examine modeled chan... | 10.5194/acp-13-2939-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | However, the association of this syndrome with micropenis and/or cryptorchidism as well as the occurrence of familial or syndromic forms suggest an antenatal origin, in which the abnormal birth data are a consequence and not a cause of PSIS. The GH-N, GH releasing hormone (GHRH) receptor, and Pit-1 genes do not seem to... | 10.1371/journal.pone.0053189 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank Monique Pouillot and Sylvie Joseph for technical help and Sylvie Brailly-Tabard , Laboratoire de genetique moleculaire, pharmacogenetique et hormonologie, Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin Bicetre, France for the assays in the recent patients. | 10.1371/journal.pone.0053189 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Analysis The analyses performed on MAG/ER data consisted in a characterization of their spectral properties, their polarization, their degree of coherence, their magnetic connection to Mars's bow shock, and their spatial distribution in an electromagnetic coordinate system. A more detailed description of them is given ... | 10.1016/j.pss.2012.10.011 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments The authors also wish to thank Misa Cowee for helpful and interesting suggestions and comments. This work was done in conjunction with the International Space Science Institute (ISSI) Working Group on Induced Magnetospheres. N. R. is supported by a National Science and Technology Research Council (C... | 10.1016/j.pss.2012.10.011 | article | en | 2,012 | false | false | true | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | A search for neutral Higgs bosons of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model (MSSM) is reported. The analysis is based on a sample of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV recorded with the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The data were recorded in 2011 and correspond to an integrat... | 10.1007/jhep02(2013)095 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Data and Monte Carlo simulation samples The data used in this search were recorded by the ATLAS experiment during the 2011 LHC run with proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV. They correspond to an integrated luminosity of 4. 7 fb -1 (τ + τ -channels) or 4. 8 fb -1 (µ + µ -channel) after imposing ... | 10.1007/jhep02(2013)095 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | The selected events are split into a b-tagged sample and a b-vetoed sample to exploit the two dominant production mechanisms for neutral Higgs bosons in the MSSM. Events in which the leading jet is identified as a b-jet are included in the b-tagged sample. The transverse momentum of this jet is restricted to the range ... | 10.1007/jhep02(2013)095 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Signal and background predictions depend on systematic uncertainties that are parameterised by nuisance parameters, θ, which in turn are constrained using Gaussian functions, F G , so that L (µ, θ) = j = bin and category F P (N j | µ • s j + b j ) θ i F G (θ i | 0, 1) , (8. 1) where F P (N j | µ • s j + b j ) denotes t... | 10.1007/jhep02(2013)095 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Summary A search is presented for the neutral Higgs bosons of the Minimal Supersymmetric Standard Model in proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 7 TeV with the ATLAS experiment at the LHC. A significant portion of the available MSSM parameter space is consistent with the assumption that the newly disco... | 10.1007/jhep02(2013)095 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank CERN for the very successful operation of the LHC, as well as the support staff from our institutions without whom ATLAS could not be operated efficiently. We acknowledge the support of ANPCyT , Argentina; YerPhI, Armenia; ARC, Australia; BMWF and FWF, Austria; ANAS, Azerbaijan; SSTC, Belaru... | 10.1007/jhep02(2013)095 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Study Population A total of 4335 patients from the IHWG database met the following criteria and were included in the current analysis: 1) transplantation from an HLA-A, B, C, DRB1, and DQB1 allele compatible unrelated donor; 2) patient diagnosis of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or chr... | 10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.020 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | High-risk was defined as transplantation in a more advanced stage than intermediate risk. Early status of disease included patients in first and second complete remission (CR) of acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloid leukemia at transplantation, first chronic phase of chronic myeloid leukemia at transplantation... | 10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.020 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | HLA antigens and haplotypes are population specific. The IHWG database is a unique resource for the comparative analysis of transplant outcomes and HLA genetics. In order to analyze acute GVHD and GVL effects clinically, it is essential that non-genetic factors that also influence these transplant-related immunological... | 10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.020 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | We used broad terms to classify Caucasian, Hispanic and African Americans; however, each of these populations may include individuals of very different ethnic backgrounds, and is one limitation of our study at present. Critical to achieving this goal is the need to define the genetic diversity of all human populations ... | 10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.020 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments We thank all the members of the IHWG hematopoietic-cell transplantation component who contributed data to this publication (Supplemental Table S6 ). We are grateful for support from the following agencies: Grant ( H23-Immunology-010 ) from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare, Japan , Grant ( 322... | 10.1016/j.bbmt.2013.05.020 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | 8 g/L, or CSF PMN ≥1000/mm 3. The BMS has undergone external validation on the large database of the French national registry for childhood bacterial meningitis (ACTIV-GPIP) [51]. Of 889 children with confirmed bacterial meningitis, 884 were correctly identified by the BMS rule (sensitivity = 99. 6%; 95% confidence in... | 10.1186/2110-5820-3-21 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | The Meningitest® rule suggests initiating antibiotic therapy if at least one of the following criteria is present: seizures, toxic appearance, purpura, PCT level ≥0. 5 ng/mL, positive CSF Gram stain, or CSF protein level ≥0. 5 g/L. External validation of the Meningitest® has been performed on an European database of 19... | 10.1186/2110-5820-3-21 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | When can biomarkers help the decision to stop antibiotic therapy? Given the number of studies examining this question and the high level of evidence generated, investigating this question was limited to examining randomized, controlled studies having tested a strategy based on biomarker measurement(s), to the exclusion... | 10.1186/2110-5820-3-21 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | false | true | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgment The Expert Panel work was conducted under the auspices of the Maurice Rapin Institute. | 10.1186/2110-5820-3-21 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Medicine | https://openalex.org/fields/27 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge support of the following institutions (and grants): the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA (2/0009/11 : P. Bala ´z ˇ, MB, ED; 2/0043/11 : MA), the Slovak Agency for Science and Development APVV ( VV-0189-10 : P. Bala ´z ˇ, MB, ED, MA; VV-0528-11 : P. Billik ), Centre of Excel... | 10.1039/c3cs35468g | review | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements The authors acknowledge support of the following institutions (and grants): the Slovak Grant Agency VEGA (2/0009/11 : P. Bala ´z ˇ, MB, ED; 2/0043/11 : MA), the Slovak Agency for Science and Development APVV ( VV-0189-10 : P. Bala ´z ˇ, MB, ED, MA; VV-0528-11 : P. Billik ), Centre of Excel... | 10.1039/c3cs35468g | review | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | with the stacked pressure profile derived from the XMM-Newton data for the same sample (purple points). The dispersions about the SZ and X-ray profiles are depicted, respectively, by the red and purple shaded areas. Our best fit GNFW profile is shown as a solid black line and that of A10 as a solid green line. The lowe... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | The best A10 fit for cool-core and non cool-core clusters are shown as green solid and dashed lines, respectively. The lower panel gives the χ profiles of our best fit models with respect to the measured profiles and associated errors (including dispersion). On both panels the Planck data points are correlated at about... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | In parallel to our Planck SZ analysis, we have also derived the pressure profiles of our 62 clusters from the analysis of XMM-Newton data. We followed the method applied to the REXCESS sample and presented in A10. Details of the XMM-Newton analysis and results are provided in Démocles (2012). The Planck and XMM-Newton... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Best-fit to the Generalised NFW profile We have combined the Planck and XMM-Newton pressure profiles into a joint fit to the generalised NFW model (Eq. 7). The pressure profiles derived over our sample from the Planck and XMM-Newton data cover a radial range from 0. 02 × R 500 to 3×R 500 , with an overlap in the radial... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | The SPT team Planck Collaboration: Pressure profiles of galaxy clusters from the Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect found good agreement between the X-ray predicted signal and their SZ measurement within R 500. Similarly, in a recent study, Bonamente et al. (2012) used a sample of 25 clusters observed with SZA/CARMA (Muchovej... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | 2010) or the WMAP statistical analysis over ∼ 700 clusters by Atrio-Barandela et al. (2008) , though the latter is affected by the limited resolution and sensitivity of the survey. Conversely, from the tentative analysis of WMAP-3 data for 193 clusters with X-ray temperature above 3 keV, Afshordi et al. (2007) prov... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Sets of numerical data We have investigated three sets of simulated clusters in order to compare to our combined Planck and XMM-Newton pressure profile. All are taken from numerical simulations of structure formation in a ΛCDM cosmology: 1. We first compared to the set of combined simulations used by A10 to derive thei... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | These components and their spectral signatures are then recovered by minimising the number of significant coefficients in Ψ. Recently, L-GMCA has been further introduced to analyse the CMB data in a local and multi-scale manner (Bobin et al. 2012 ). More precisely, the multi-channel data are analysed in four frequency... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements. The development of Planck has been supported by: ESA ; CNES and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France) ; ASI , CNR , and INAF (Italy) ; NASA and DoE (USA) ; STFC and UKSA (UK) ; CSIC , MICINN and JA (Spain) ; Tekes, AoF and CSC (Finland) ; DLR and MPG (Germany) ; CSA (Canada) ; DTU Space ... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201220040 | article | en | 2,012 | false | false | true | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Note that this conclusion is an additional argument for a separated examination of summer and winter trends extracted from the CDD ice records. Table 1 summarizes the available various seasonally resolved records covering changes from before World War II to the recent decades. Investigated chemical species are presen... | 10.5194/cp-9-1403-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | 11. Temporal changes of summer mass concentrations of different aerosols at the CDD site. For the 1921-1951 and 1971-1988 years, atmospheric concentrations were estimated by inverting ice concentrations (see Sect. 6), whereas the 2004 concentrations are data gained during a field atmospheric campaign conducted in sum... | 10.5194/cp-9-1403-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements. Funding was provided by the European Community via contracts ENV4-CT97 (ALPCLIM) and ENV4-CT96-5051 ( Environment and Climate Research Training ), and by the Ministry for Science and Research of Baden-Württemberg within the collaboration program between Region Rhône-Alpes and Baden-Württember... | 10.5194/cp-9-1403-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | 7). However, the braking rate in the present models increases more steeply than Kawaler's in the unsaturated regime (cf. Table 4 ) and the braking efficiency thus becomes larger than Kawaler's as soon as the angular velocity exceeds the solar value. As a result, shorter disk lifetimes are required for fast rotator mod... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201321302 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements. This study was supported by the grant ANR 2011 Blanc SIMI5-6 020 01 " Toupies: Towards understanding the spin evolution of stars " (http://ipag. osug. fr/Anr_Toupies/). We thank our partners in the ANR project, especially S. Matt for enlightening discussions on stellar wind models, and A. Pal... | 10.1051/0004-6361/201321302 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Meteorological modelling in the planetary boundary layer (PBL) over Greater Paris is performed using the Weather Research and Forecast (WRF) numerical model. The simulated meteorological fields are evaluated by comparison with mean diurnal observational data or mean vertical profiles of temperature, wind speed, humidit... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Using the UCM and the CORINE land-use data produces more realistic modelled meteorological fields. The wind speed, which is overestimated in the simulations without the UCM, is improved below 1,000 m height. Furthermore, the modelled PBL heights during nighttime are strongly modified, with an increase that may be as hi... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Salamanca et al. (2011) conducted simulations with high resolution urban canopy parameters in Houston, and revealed that a simple bulk urban scheme is sufficient for an estimate of the 2-m temperature in an urban area. However a complex urban canopy scheme and a high resolution urban canopy parameter database (e. g. ,... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | 2007; Korsakissok and Mallet 2010; Sciare et al. 2010; Roustan et al. 2011; Royer et al. 2011). This paper aims at evaluating the relative impact of the PBL scheme used in the WRF model and the use of an UCM over Greater Paris. The WRF/urban model is evaluated over Greater Paris during May 2005. The model is compared t... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Simulation Settings The regular latitude-longitude map projection is used for three simulation domains with two-way nesting. The horizontal grid spacing of the coarse domain is 0. 5 • , and 0. 125 • and 0. 03125 • , respectively, for the two nested domains. The largest 0. 5 • domain covers Europe and the smallest domai... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | 2011). The contribution of traffic emissions may also be underestimated in the local emission inventory used in this study. Figure 1 presents the diurnal variation of Q F for Paris in May. The USGS land-use data are commonly used in the WRF model. However, this database was created in 1993 and the land-use changes be... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Thus the reprojection of the coordinate system to World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS84) was carried out following Arnold et al. (2010). The CORINE land-cover 2006 raster data (version 13) with a resolution of 250 m, which are freely available at http://www. eea. europa. eu/data-and-maps/data/corine-land-cover-2006-raster... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Effects of the UCM and the CORINE Land-Use Data Impacts of the UCM and the CORINE land-use data on the meteorological fields are studied by comparing the reference simulations of the previous section (hereafter Reference) to simulations that use the UCM coupled to the CORINE land-use data (hereafter UCM-CORINE). Simula... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Impact on Temperature When the UCM is used, the sensible heat flux in the urban area increases. The increase is due to the anthropogenic heat flux and to differences in energy balance resulting from different geometric and thermal parameters in the UCM. The increase of the sensible heat flux results in an increase in s... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Impact on PBL Height The UCM increases the PBL height over urbanized surface. This increase is more important during nighttime than during daytime. Accordingly, the increase with the UCM-CORINE simulation of the modelled PBL heights at Trappes is 8 % for the YSU scheme and 5 % for the MYNN scheme during daytime while i... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | 10d , which shows differences of the PBL height between the UCM-CORINE simulations and a simulation with the UCM and the standard USGS land use. The influence of the CORINE land-use data on the PBL height is not significant in Paris while it is significant over urbanized areas mostly between 10 and 30 km from Paris. Co... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Conclusion Meteorological modelling of the PBL over Greater Paris is performed using the WRF model for the period from 6 to 27 May 2005. As modelled meteorological data in the PBL have previously shown to be very sensitive to the PBL scheme, simulations were performed with various PBL schemes. Meteorological data obtai... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Including the UCM and the CORINE land-use data produces more realistic modelled meteorological fields. Improvements in the temperature and the specific humidity modelling using UCM-CORINE are low, but the modelling of the wind speed, the relative humidity and the PBL height is significantly improved using UCM-CORINE. I... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Our results show that the use of a urban canopy model is crucial for meteorological and air quality modelling over the centre of Paris. Further work should be devoted to the study of uncertainties in the UCM, for example, by using a multi-layer model. Multiple urban land-use categories (e. g. , high intensity, medium i... | 10.1007/s10546-013-9838-6 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Environmental Science | https://openalex.org/fields/23 |
cc-by | Model description The ocean model used in this study is the Nucleus for European Modelling of the Ocean (NEMO) in the ORCA025 and ORCA1 configurations (Madec, 2008). The ORCA025 configuration is similar to the one used in Blaker et al. (2012). For both resolutions, the model has 64 vertical levels with layer thicknes... | 10.5194/os-9-805-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | As in the box model we will use the standard deviation of the differences between A025 and B025 (and between Note that the method introduced above will allow us to provide a quantitative estimate of the chaotic MOC variability in a statistical sense. This means that we will only be able to make statements about the ch... | 10.5194/os-9-805-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Acknowledgements. This work was supported by the RAPID-WATCH project VALOR ( NE/G007772/1 ), the NERC project MESO-CLIP ( NE/K005928/1 ) and was also part of the DRAKKAR project. We enjoyed discussions with Thierry Penduff and Florian Sévellec. We also thank Balu Nadiga and an anonymous reviewer for thei... | 10.5194/os-9-805-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
cc-by | Acknowledgments The authors would like to especially thank Carlo Angelantonj , Pablo Cámara , Jan Manschot , Sameer Murthy , Jan Troost and Sanders Zwegers for extremely fruitful discussions and invaluable help. They are also very much indebted to Emilian Dudas for constant support and help, and acknowledge h... | 10.1007/jhep03(2013)049 | article | en | 2,013 | false | false | true | false | Physics and Astronomy | https://openalex.org/fields/31 |
cc-by | Based on our investigations we can provide recommendations on when and where to use which model (Table 3 ). We recommend the use of a posteriori models over RCM-tag for historical or near-real time studies as a posteriori models are more flexible in their input data (they can, for example, draw on existing climate mod... | 10.5194/hess-17-4869-2013 | article | en | 2,013 | true | false | false | false | Earth and Planetary Sciences | https://openalex.org/fields/19 |
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