prompt stringlengths 41 511 | target stringlengths 1 25 | keyword stringclasses 697
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we find that low energy global minima develop soft-modes which the optimization dynamics can exploit to descend the | energy | global minima | we find that low energy global minima develop soft-modes which the optimization dynamics can exploit to descend the energy landscape |
both coherence resonance and equilibrium states resulting from the tightly clustering of cooperator agglomerates enhance population survival and | environmental | ecological interactions | both coherence resonance and equilibrium states resulting from the tightly clustering of cooperator agglomerates enhance population survival and environmental quality |
we observe that it is attributed to the secret key mostly used in the watermark detection -- it cannot be public or the adversary may launch removal attacks provided the key nor can it be private or the | watermarking | watermark detection | we observe that it is attributed to the secret key mostly used in the watermark detection -- it cannot be public or the adversary may launch removal attacks provided the key nor can it be private or the watermarking detection is opaque to the public |
there are two prevalent ways to constructing 3d scenes procedural | generation | video generation | there are two prevalent ways to constructing 3d scenes procedural generation and 2d lifting |
we also provide new data-driven control design methods in terms of | linear | data-driven stabilization | we also provide new data-driven control design methods in terms of linear matrix inequalities that complement the conditions for informativity |
we establish feasibility and uniqueness of strictly positive | solutions | strongly convex | we establish feasibility and uniqueness of strictly positive solutions when the benchmark and targets satisfy convex-hull conditions |
finally we investigate how multi-slice electron ptychography could provide even further insight on nanotube defect structures thanks to its close to 3d imaging capabilities at | atomic | electron microscopy | finally we investigate how multi-slice electron ptychography could provide even further insight on nanotube defect structures thanks to its close to 3d imaging capabilities at atomic resolution |
however the decoding results are found to be mostly negative underscoring the difficulty of decoding | inner | inner speech | however the decoding results are found to be mostly negative underscoring the difficulty of decoding inner speech |
we prove the exactness of a convex relaxation of the non-convex problem obtained by replacing all constraints with the lower and upper bounds for the variables corresponding to the minimum and | maximum | strongly convex | we prove the exactness of a convex relaxation of the non-convex problem obtained by replacing all constraints with the lower and upper bounds for the variables corresponding to the minimum and maximum elements of the lattice respectively |
82 10 8 m _ sun kpc -2 - values close to those of nearby | quiescent | massive stars | 82 10 8 m _ sun kpc -2 - values close to those of nearby quiescent galaxies |
its success is partly attributed to conditioning policies on large fixed | context | continual learning | its success is partly attributed to conditioning policies on large fixed context length |
in the literature of cognitive neuroscience researchers tend to assume a linear | relationship | working memory | in the literature of cognitive neuroscience researchers tend to assume a linear relationship between brain activation level and task performance however controversial findings have been reported in participants at different ages and different proficiency levels |
on the go with ar attention to virtual and | physical | physical virtual | on the go with ar attention to virtual and physical targets while varying augmentation density |
existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning | capabilities | large language models llms | existing benchmarks have widely leveraged high school math competitions for evaluating mathematical reasoning capabilities of large language models llms |
monitoring the calibration of probability forecasts with an application to concept drift detection involving | image | image classification | monitoring the calibration of probability forecasts with an application to concept drift detection involving image classification |
however opportunities exist when these approaches can be further developed and integrated in concerted efforts in which ai | ml | machine learning ml | however opportunities exist when these approaches can be further developed and integrated in concerted efforts in which ai ml approaches could play more important roles |
twin-field quantum key distribution protocols | security | key distribution | twin-field quantum key distribution protocols security and open problems |
a benefit of compression relative to expansion is that it allows individuals to retain fewer essential dimensions underlying stimulus | variation | higher-order visual | a benefit of compression relative to expansion is that it allows individuals to retain fewer essential dimensions underlying stimulus variation -- a process linked to higher-order visual processing -- without hindering discrimination |
this paper develops a nonparametric framework for identifying and estimating spatial | boundaries | effect boundaries | this paper develops a nonparametric framework for identifying and estimating spatial boundaries of treatment effects in settings with geographic spillovers |
with this approach we determine and study the hidden spin textures of the upper valence bands of the ptte2 monolayer together with the spatial behavior of the probability densities and spin polarization densities of the corresponding maximally segregated | spin | hidden spin texture | with this approach we determine and study the hidden spin textures of the upper valence bands of the ptte2 monolayer together with the spatial behavior of the probability densities and spin polarization densities of the corresponding maximally segregated spin states |
the domain of the objective function is a set of weighted simplicial sets which can fully represent the | spatial | spatial structure | the domain of the objective function is a set of weighted simplicial sets which can fully represent the spatial structure from a topological perspective |
motdiff high-resolution motion trajectory estimation from a | single | motion trajectory | motdiff high-resolution motion trajectory estimation from a single blurred image using diffusion models |
spiking patches gives the means to preserve the unique properties of | event | spiking patches | spiking patches gives the means to preserve the unique properties of event cameras and we show in our experiments that this comes without sacrificing accuracy |
based on various real-world videos locot2v-bench introduces a suite of realistic and | complex | video generation | based on various real-world videos locot2v-bench introduces a suite of realistic and complex prompts incorporating elements like scene transitions and event dynamics |
viruses are microscopic infectious agents that require a | host | viral replication | viruses are microscopic infectious agents that require a host cell for replication |
in this paper we extend such a theory to the case of infinite horizon optimal | control | predictive control | in this paper we extend such a theory to the case of infinite horizon optimal control problems which are very common in particular in economic applications |
specifically braincognizer introduces two modules the cognitive integration module which incorporates prior human knowledge to extract hierarchical region semantics and the | cognitive | cognitive neuroscience | specifically braincognizer introduces two modules the cognitive integration module which incorporates prior human knowledge to extract hierarchical region semantics and the cognitive correlation module which captures contextual semantic relationships across regions |
high-fidelity spin readout is a crucial component for quantum information processing with optically interfaced | solid-state | spin readout | high-fidelity spin readout is a crucial component for quantum information processing with optically interfaced solid-state spins |
bots a unified framework for bayesian online task selection in | llm | llm agents | bots a unified framework for bayesian online task selection in llm reinforcement finetuning |
to address this challenge we propose a novel strategy called inference-aware policy optimization which modifies policy optimization to account for how the | policy | policy evaluation | to address this challenge we propose a novel strategy called inference-aware policy optimization which modifies policy optimization to account for how the policy will be evaluated downstream |
we train neural networks to compress perceptual and | semantic | neural networks | we train neural networks to compress perceptual and semantic factors of stimuli measuring lossiness using the mathematical framework underlying compression |
we consider the problem of maximizing a submodular function with access to a noisy value | oracle | -approximation algorithm | we consider the problem of maximizing a submodular function with access to a noisy value oracle for the function instead of an exact value oracle |
identification and debiased learning of causal | effects | causal effects | identification and debiased learning of causal effects with general instrumental variables |
this yields a transparent bias-variance trade-off that requires no prespecified | bias | bias-correction term | this yields a transparent bias-variance trade-off that requires no prespecified bias bound and depends only on information about the precision of the estimators and the estimand s sensitivity to the underlying parameters |
this stands in sharp contrast to maximal matching in regular | graphs | bipartite graphs | this stands in sharp contrast to maximal matching in regular graphs which requires some dependence on the number of nodes n or the degree delta |
computing binary integer programming via a | new | quadratic programming | computing binary integer programming via a new exact penalty function |
large language model agent personality and response appropriateness evaluation by human linguistic experts llm-as-judge and natural | language | large language | large language model agent personality and response appropriateness evaluation by human linguistic experts llm-as-judge and natural language processing model |
locations with high habitat quality may play a minor role in | species | ecological interactions | locations with high habitat quality may play a minor role in species spread if they are geographically isolated |
however explicit use of this gradient-based attention information integrated directly into | cnn | convolutional neural | however explicit use of this gradient-based attention information integrated directly into cnn representations for semantic object understanding remains limited |
in this paper we provide a formal analysis of | weak-to-strong | deep learning | in this paper we provide a formal analysis of weak-to-strong generalization from a linear cnn weak to a two-layer relu cnn strong |
the tensor brain is a recently proposed framework for modeling perception and memory in the brain providing a biologically | inspired | artificial neural | the tensor brain is a recently proposed framework for modeling perception and memory in the brain providing a biologically inspired mechanism for efficiently integrating generated symbolic representations into reasoning processes |
our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied | models | quantum advantage | our general interaction framework which reduces to several previously studied models as special cases provides a versatile platform for engineering quantum correlations with applications in quantum simulation state preparation and sensing protocols |
emission-line diagnostics suggest stellar | populations | stellar population | emission-line diagnostics suggest stellar populations as the primary ionizing source although an agn fraction of 14 is found |
we begin our journey by recalling the fundamentals of | probability | theoretical guarantees | we begin our journey by recalling the fundamentals of probability theory that underlie one of its most significant applications to real-world problems parametric estimation |
we develop the semiconductor wannier equations swes a real-time real-space formulation of ultrafast | light-matter | light-matter interactions | we develop the semiconductor wannier equations swes a real-time real-space formulation of ultrafast light-matter dynamics in crystals by deriving the equations of motion for the electronic reduced density matrix in a localized wannier basis |
experimental results showed that compared to the state-of-the-art method sota the accuracy improvement rate in a cg dataset with dynamic | obstacles | dynamic obstacles | experimental results showed that compared to the state-of-the-art method sota the accuracy improvement rate in a cg dataset with dynamic obstacles is 1 |
additionally we used a gas-grain chemical code to simulate a pre-stellar | core | star clusters | additionally we used a gas-grain chemical code to simulate a pre-stellar core and determine where ne can affect the chemistry |
by enhancing the vision encoder with temporal structure we address a critical gap in | video | optical flow | by enhancing the vision encoder with temporal structure we address a critical gap in video understanding for video-llms |
in these systems the magnetic activity is not uniformly distributed along the edges but localized on specific | magnetic | magnetic anisotropy | in these systems the magnetic activity is not uniformly distributed along the edges but localized on specific magnetic islands around molybdenum edge atoms |
extensive evaluations on multiple datasets demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms existing colmap-free techniques in | reconstruction | image reconstruction | extensive evaluations on multiple datasets demonstrate that our approach significantly outperforms existing colmap-free techniques in reconstruction quality and also surpasses the standard colmap-based baseline in general |
for tree edit distance we introduce a new | static | tree edit distance | for tree edit distance we introduce a new static reduction that improves the best-known approximation ratio from n 3 4 to tilde o sqrt n and removes the restriction to constant-degree trees |
here the first step of laser processing provides an initial pattern on the material surface which is enhanced or developed at the | second | pulsed laser | here the first step of laser processing provides an initial pattern on the material surface which is enhanced or developed at the second step |
we propose a command-filter backstepping controller that integrates a | disturbance | bounded disturbances | we propose a command-filter backstepping controller that integrates a disturbance observer and a high-gain observer hgo to handle unknown internal and external disturbances acting on a quadrotor |
accelerated calculation of impurity green s functions exploiting the extreme | mpemba | mpemba effect | accelerated calculation of impurity green s functions exploiting the extreme mpemba effect |
various dynamical diagnostics - including galaxy pairwise separations velocity dispersions and the offset of the first-ranked galaxy from the group barycentre | - | active galactic | various dynamical diagnostics - including galaxy pairwise separations velocity dispersions and the offset of the first-ranked galaxy from the group barycentre - indicate that single-bgg groups evolve more rapidly towards virialisation than double- and especially non-bgg systems |
a minimal quantitative model of perceptual | suppression | human cognition | a minimal quantitative model of perceptual suppression and breakthrough in visual rivalry |
this manuscript revisits the essence of generative image fusion under the inspiration of human cognitive laws and proposes a novel infrared and visible image | fusion | image fusion | this manuscript revisits the essence of generative image fusion under the inspiration of human cognitive laws and proposes a novel infrared and visible image fusion method termed hclfuse |
as a corollary we establish the first local central | limit | asymptotic normality | as a corollary we establish the first local central limit theorem for densities in growing dimensions under the condition d 2 n to 0 and provide explicit multiplicative error bounds |
accurate world models are essential for enabling | agents | reasoning capabilities | accurate world models are essential for enabling agents to think plan and reason effectively in complex dynamic settings |
our results reveal temporal stability in aggregate route choice behavior across the entire | urban | mobility networks | our results reveal temporal stability in aggregate route choice behavior across the entire urban region throughout 2023 |
this system is designed for heterogeneous | multi-robot | multi-robot collaboration | this system is designed for heterogeneous multi-robot exploratory missions tackling the challenges presented by extraterrestrial environments |
most prior work focuses on minimizing its time | complexity | polynomial time | most prior work focuses on minimizing its time complexity i |
based on previous understanding of hsg in | bulk | bulk gaas | based on previous understanding of hsg in bulk gaas in terms of bloch-wave interferometry an analytic model is derived to quantitatively connect the hamiltonian parameters with the measured sideband electric fields under strong low-frequency thz fields |
dynamic context-aware scene reasoning using vision-language alignment in | zero-shot | multimodal reasoning | dynamic context-aware scene reasoning using vision-language alignment in zero-shot real-world scenarios |
this gap has motivated growing efforts to design collaborative frameworks that combine the complementary strengths of | humans | human-ai interaction | this gap has motivated growing efforts to design collaborative frameworks that combine the complementary strengths of humans and ai |
reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation | policies | optimal control | reinforcement learning rl is widely used to produce robust robotic manipulation policies but fine-tuning vision-language-action vla models with rl can be unstable due to inaccurate value estimates and sparse supervision at intermediate steps |
4 spatial durbin estimates show positive spillovers the coupling of green finance and | green | green finance | 4 spatial durbin estimates show positive spillovers the coupling of green finance and green technology innovation not only improves the level of local coordination but also drives the improvement of environmental performance in adjacent areas |
early-assembling high-concentration halos | form | dense gas | early-assembling high-concentration halos form stars efficiently and become gas-poor by z 0 while late-assembling low-concentration halos remain gas-rich due to delayed star formation and rejuvenated gas accretion |
our method extends prior work by decoupling the upper and lower | bounds | lower bounds | our method extends prior work by decoupling the upper and lower bounds enabling more flexible and tighter approximations |
second-order stark shifts exceeding 10 ghz in electrically contacted | siv | ghz ghz | second-order stark shifts exceeding 10 ghz in electrically contacted siv - centers in diamond |
our results suggest the need to conduct user-centered studies on measuring | llms | models llms | our results suggest the need to conduct user-centered studies on measuring llms ability to help users while preserving privacy |
our approach is validated with experiments notably on real-world question-answering datasets using embeddings derived from state-of-the-art large | language | large language | our approach is validated with experiments notably on real-world question-answering datasets using embeddings derived from state-of-the-art large language models |
recently proposed generative models for discrete data such as masked diffusion models mdms exploit conditional independence approximations to reduce the computational cost of popular auto-regressive models arms at the price of some bias in the | sampling | generative models | recently proposed generative models for discrete data such as masked diffusion models mdms exploit conditional independence approximations to reduce the computational cost of popular auto-regressive models arms at the price of some bias in the sampling distribution |
formulas for calculating the mean square error and the spectral characteristic of the optimal linear estimate of the functional are proposed under condition of spectral certainty where | spectral | spectral density matrices | formulas for calculating the mean square error and the spectral characteristic of the optimal linear estimate of the functional are proposed under condition of spectral certainty where spectral densities of the sequences xi m and eta m are exactly known |
to formalize interventional constraints we propose a metric to quantify total causal effects for linear | causal | interventional constraints | to formalize interventional constraints we propose a metric to quantify total causal effects for linear causal models and formulate the problem as a constrained optimization task solved using a two-stage constrained optimization method |
drivers of variation in the optimal spatial structure of | collective | social interactions | drivers of variation in the optimal spatial structure of collective information gatherers |
here we present mobilitygen a deep generative model that produces realistic | mobility | mobility networks | here we present mobilitygen a deep generative model that produces realistic mobility trajectories spanning days to weeks at large spatial scales |
we quantify the dependence of magnetic fields on star formation | activity | bulge stars | we quantify the dependence of magnetic fields on star formation activity including both regular and starburst galaxies |
these results establish a general framework for multi-port spectral engineering in integrated photonics with broad implications for tunable filters modulators sensors and | nonlinear | nonlinear optical | these results establish a general framework for multi-port spectral engineering in integrated photonics with broad implications for tunable filters modulators sensors and nonlinear optical systems |
experiments on both synthetic and real-world | datasets | synthetic data | experiments on both synthetic and real-world datasets validate our theoretical insights and show that the proposed method effectively improves fairness while preserving predictive performance |
recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence | ai | artificial intelligence | recent breakthroughs in artificial intelligence ai are reshaping the way we construct computational counterparts of the brain giving rise to a new class of surrogate brains |
our witnesses can detect paradigmatic gme states like the dicke and multipartite n00n states which include the w | states | entanglement entropy | our witnesses can detect paradigmatic gme states like the dicke and multipartite n00n states which include the w states as a special case and ghz-type entangled cat states |
using the transfer matrix formalism we derive general expressions for the dispersion relations of surface polaritonic | modes | waveguide modes | using the transfer matrix formalism we derive general expressions for the dispersion relations of surface polaritonic modes including the dependence on the bi-isotropic parameter and analyze their coupling to bulk magnon-polaritons |
our analysis allows for estimating a diverging number of treatment effects simultaneously and establishes the consistency and asymptotic normality of the | regression-based | treatment effect | our analysis allows for estimating a diverging number of treatment effects simultaneously and establishes the consistency and asymptotic normality of the regression-based estimators |
i develop a nonparametric framework for identifying | spatial | treatment effect | i develop a nonparametric framework for identifying spatial boundaries of treatment effects without imposing parametric functional form restrictions |
beyond performance our framework provides a lightweight representation-level counterfactual approach offering a practical causal avenue for debiased and reliable | multimodal | multimodal reasoning | beyond performance our framework provides a lightweight representation-level counterfactual approach offering a practical causal avenue for debiased and reliable multimodal reasoning |
here we demonstrate that reinforcement learning rl and supervised learning sl drive | recurrent | reinforcement learning | here we demonstrate that reinforcement learning rl and supervised learning sl drive recurrent neural networks rnns toward fundamentally different computational solutions when trained on identical decision-making tasks |
finding a computational model has proven elusive particularly because of conflation of consciousness with other | cognitive | brain-computer interface | finding a computational model has proven elusive particularly because of conflation of consciousness with other cognitive capabilities exhibited by humans such as intelligence and physiological sensations |
test-time alignment of llms via sampling-based optimal | control | test-time alignment | test-time alignment of llms via sampling-based optimal control in pre-logit space |
i show that under independence assumptions vars can identify average treatment effects average | causal | causal effects | i show that under independence assumptions vars can identify average treatment effects average causal responses or a mix of the two depending on the distribution of the policy |
based on this framework we formulate a max-min fairness optimization problem that jointly optimizes | power | power allocation | based on this framework we formulate a max-min fairness optimization problem that jointly optimizes power allocation message splitting and time slot scheduling to maximize the minimum achievable rate across uds |
unlike prior efforts that emphasize only isolated aspects such as modeling or control this work delivers a complete hardware-software | platform | trajectory tracking | unlike prior efforts that emphasize only isolated aspects such as modeling or control this work delivers a complete hardware-software platform validated through both simulation and experiments on static and dynamic trajectories |
these constraints require small open-source models that can | run | smaller models | these constraints require small open-source models that can run locally and reliably ground their outputs in correct information |
these constraints require small open-source models that can run locally and reliably ground their outputs in | correct | open-source models | these constraints require small open-source models that can run locally and reliably ground their outputs in correct information |
current tool-use large language models llms are trained on static datasets enabling them to interact with external tools and | perform | vision-language models | current tool-use large language models llms are trained on static datasets enabling them to interact with external tools and perform multi-step tool-integrated reasoning which produces tool-call trajectories |
scalability efficiency and robustness to characterised imperfections in the | mitigation | mitigation methods | scalability efficiency and robustness to characterised imperfections in the mitigation implementation which we combine into application-specific certifications |
generating networks that more accurately reflect real-world patterns is a significant topic within | complex | complex networks | generating networks that more accurately reflect real-world patterns is a significant topic within complex network research |
reliable state estimation hinges on accurate specification of sensor noise covariances which weigh | heterogeneous | state estimation | reliable state estimation hinges on accurate specification of sensor noise covariances which weigh heterogeneous measurements |
with a software-defined radio our approach can dynamically sweep the synthetic wavelength and measure | absolute | spectral range | with a software-defined radio our approach can dynamically sweep the synthetic wavelength and measure absolute optical range |
these limitations are particularly apparent in real-life | driving | autonomous driving | these limitations are particularly apparent in real-life driving scenarios where state-of-the-art algorithms struggle to safely or reliably complete overtaking manoeuvres |
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