publicationDate stringlengths 10 10 | abstract stringlengths 0 37.3k | title stringlengths 1 5.74k | doi stringlengths 11 47 ⌀ |
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2010-04-01 | The paper deals with stress analysis, cyclic and creep life prediction of a cryogenic rocket engine thrust chamber, being used in one of the satellite launch vehicles of ISRO. The thrust chamber is of double walled construction wherein high conductivity copper alloy is used for the inner wall and stainless steel for th... | Stress analysis & life prediction of a cryogenic rocket engine thrust chamber considering low cycle fatigue, creep and thermal ratchetting | 10.1007/s12666-010-0089-7 |
2010-03-01 | The design of a facility for studying luminescence of cryogenic liquids (nitrogen and helium) is described. Luminescence is excited by ∼0.573-MeV β particles and 0.656-MeV positrons emitted by a radioactive source based on ^64Cu radionuclide, which is immersed in a liquid. | A facility for studying luminescence of cryogenic liquids excited by β particles and positrons from ^64Cu radionuclide | 10.1134/S0020441210020302 |
2010-03-01 | A procedure for the prediction of the load-carrying ability of unidirectional-fiber reinforced composite laminates is presented, which is based on a structural-phenomenological model developed of the degradation of layer elastic constants during deformation and takes into account the presence of heat stresses and tempe... | Determination of the load-carrying ability of reinforced plastic laminates with allowance for the degradation of mechanical parameters of individual layers | 10.1007/s11223-010-9209-1 |
2010-03-01 | Cryogenics is an exciting, important and inexpensive technique that already has led to main discoveries and holds much future assurance. Cryogenic processing is the treatment of the materials at very low temperature around 77 K. This technique has been proven to be efficient in improving the physical and mechanical pro... | Cryogenic Processing: A Study of Materials at Low Temperatures | 10.1007/s10909-009-0058-x |
2010-03-01 | We present the measurements and the analysis of nonlinearity of Ge- and InGaAs-photodiodes responsivity measured at high irradiance levels (up to ∼ 90 mW / mm^2) in the near infrared. The nonlinearity was measured using a fiber-optics-based setup which employs the Differential Spectral Responsivity (DSR) technique. The... | Measurement of the nonlinearity of Ge-and InGaAs-photodiodes at high irradiance levels | 10.1007/s12647-010-0008-8 |
2010-02-01 | This experimental study investigates the wear resistance improvement in En 52 and 21-4N valve steels through shallow and deep cryogenic treatment using a reciprocatory friction and wear monitor as per the ASTM standard G-133. It has been observed that the wear resistance of En 52 and 21-4N has improved by 81.15% & 13.4... | Wear resistance enhancement in cryotreated En 52 and 21-4N valve steels | 10.1007/s12541-010-0012-5 |
2010-02-01 | The method of automated analysis of electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) patterns has been employed for the characterization of the structure of copper obtained using severe plastic deformation by shear under high pressure under cryogenic conditions. It has been established that severe cryogenic deformation leads to... | Severe cryogenic deformation of copper | 10.1134/S0031918X10020092 |
2010-02-01 | Control of cryogenic propellant tank pressure during tank refueling and expulsion in low gravity is an important technical challenge to overcome for future long duration missions in space. One method proposed to control tank pressurization involves the use of jet-induced geysers. Two-dimensional computational models ha... | Simulation of Jet-Induced Geysers in Reduced Gravity | 10.1007/s12217-008-9095-3 |
2010-01-01 | In this paper, a novel ice bonded abrasive polishing process proposed for producing ultrafine surfaces on metallic surfaces is presented. Ice bonded abrasive polishing setup was developed for conducting the experiments under cryogenic conditions. The novelty of the process lies in the method of preparing a cryogenic po... | Ultra-fine Finishing of Metallic surfaces with Ice Bonded Abrasive Polishing Process | 10.1007/978-1-84996-432-6_24 |
2010-01-01 | A wind–tunnel experiment on laminar-turbulent transition has been performed in ETW (the European Transonic Wind Tunnel in Koln) at high Reynolds number and cryogenic conditions. The studied geometry is a sting mounted full model in swept–wing configuration. The transition location was determined by means of Temperature... | High Reynolds Number Transition Experiments in ETW (TELFONA project) | 10.1007/978-90-481-3723-7_98 |
2010-01-01 | The method and results of an experiment to determine the cold neutron spectrum from solid mesitylene at moderator temperatures of 10–50 K are presented. This study was performed at the DIN-2PI spectrometer of the IBR-2 reactor. The objective of the study was to verify the system of constants used in the Monte Carlo sim... | Measurement of cold neutron spectra using a model cryogenic moderator of the IBR-2M reactor | 10.1134/S1547477110010127 |
2010-01-01 | The ultimate detection performance of HgCdTe, quantum well (QW) and extrinsic Si detectors under low temperatures is analyzed. The theoretical limits of the internal photon response for the three detectors are compared. The materials of space-based detectors in space tracking and surveillance system (STSS) are discusse... | Detector material and sensitivity analysis for space-based infrared sensors | 10.1007/s11801-010-9008-8 |
2010-01-01 | The fast ignition scheme is one of the most fascinating and feasible ignition schemes for the inertial fusion energy. At ILE Osaka University, FIREX (Fast Ignition Realization Experiment) project is in progress. Implosion experiments of the cryogenic target are scheduled in near future. There are two key issues for the... | Multi-scale Simulations for Laser Plasma Physics | 10.1007/978-3-642-03913-3_19 |
2010-01-01 | Traditional polymer forming methods have concentrated on moulding technology. CNC Machining of a low-density material, such as an elastomer even at significantly reduced temperatures presents a number of challenges, with one being the generation of a machining phenomenon termed adiabatic shear band formation. As a resu... | The Formation of Adiabatic Shear Bands as a result of Cryogenic CNC Machining of Elastomers | 10.1007/978-1-84996-432-6_54 |
2010-01-01 | The redox-active tyrosine residue (Y_Z) plays a crucial role in the mechanism of the water oxidation. Metalloradical electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) signals reflecting the light-induced Y_Z· in magnetic interaction with the CaMn_4-cluster in the particular S -state, Y_Z·S_X intermediates, have been found in intac... | Metalloradical EPR Signals from the Y_Z·S-State Intermediates in Photosystem II | 10.1007/s00723-009-0045-z |
2010-01-01 | A detailed protocol for quantitative single cell mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) analysis is described in this chapter with examples of the treatment of cells with anticancer drug, cisplatin. Cisplatin, cis -diamminedichloridoplatinum ii (CDDP), is widely used for the treatment of many malignancies, including testicula... | Quantitative Imaging of Chemical Composition in Single Cells by Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry: Cisplatin Affects Calcium Stores in Renal Epithelial Cells | 10.1007/978-1-60761-746-4_6 |
2009-12-01 | Effects of various heat treatment processes, including Q/L-T, Q/H-T, Q/L-T + Ti-nitriding, Q/H-T + Ti-nitriding, and Q/CT/H-T on the S-N fatigue behavior of SKD11 steel were investigated. Ti-nitriding is a modified nitriding process that entails a small addition of approximately 2 g to 20 g of electrolyzed fine, metall... | Effect of various heat and surface treatment conditions on the fatigue behavior of SKD11 steel | 10.1007/s12540-009-0917-7 |
2009-07-01 | We describe the design and development of a cryogenic tilt table that will be used to test the flight hardware for NASA’s Satellite Test of the Equivalence Principle (STEP). Our table can tilt the hardware around two axes and is part of a test bed that has 6-degree-of-freedom controllability. The goal was to build a ti... | Cryogenic tilt table | 10.1007/s12541-009-0045-9 |
2009-06-01 | The effects of the prior austenite grain size in deep cryogenic treatment on the hardness, the structural change and the wear resistance of D6 tool steel were investigated. The wear resistance of the cryogenically treated samples was determined using the pin-on-disk wear machine. The microstructural characteristics and... | Effects of austenizing time on wear behavior of D6 tool steel after deep cryogenic treatment | 10.1016/S1006-706X(10)60023-4 |
2009-06-01 | This review covers various aspects of the single-electron tunneling pumps based on Al junctions studied at NIST over the past 15 years. The operation of a pump is described, and some important error mechanisms are summarized, which allows for a sketch of the basic pump parameters required for metrological accuracy. Fab... | Practical aspects of counting electrons with a single-electron tunneling pump | 10.1140/epjst/e2009-01055-1 |
2009-06-01 | An austenite-martensite class of stainless steel having 6Ni-16Cr (wt%) has been developed with a view to have fully austenite structure at the austenitizing temperature and a transformation structure containing austenite and martensite upon quenching. The steel has been processed through two different melting routes, v... | Processing and characterization of a high strength austenite-martensite stainless steel | 10.1007/s12666-009-0029-6 |
2009-05-01 | Numerical simulation of cavitation in cryogenic fluids is important in improving the stable operation of the propulsion system in liquid-fuel rocket. It also represents a broader class of problems where the fluid is operating close to its critical point and the thermal effects of cavitation are pronounced. The present ... | Validation of full cavitation model in cryogenic fluids | 10.1007/s11434-009-0253-9 |
2009-05-01 | Cryogenic treatment has been acknowledged in several researches as a means of extending the tool life of many cutting tools. Studies on cryogenically treated (CT) cutting tools show microstructural changes in the material that can influence the life of the tools significantly. Tungsten carbide cutting tools are now com... | Performance analysis of cryogenically treated coated carbide inserts | 10.1007/s00170-008-1597-z |
2009-04-23 | In this study, cooling effect of copper electrode on the die-sinking of electrical discharge machining of titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) has been carried out. Investigation on the effect of cooling on electrode wear and surface roughness of the workpiece has been carried out. Design of experiment plan for rotatable central... | Reducing electrode wear ratio using cryogenic cooling during electrical discharge machining | 10.1007/s00170-009-2060-5 |
2009-03-01 | (Trappist-type) 3 20 °C 4.8%, 3.8%) L’influence d’un refroidissement cryogénique du caillé sur la qualité et les rendements de fromages à pâte pressée non cuite a été étudiée. Au cours de trois fabrications successives, le caillé au moulage était réparti en deux lots homogènes, l’un directement pressé, l’autre préalabl... | Influence of cryogenic cooling of cheese curd on yield and quality of semi-hard cheeses | 10.1051/dst/2008038 |
2009-03-01 | Flow instability in LRE (liquid rocket engine) occurs due to various reasons such as flow interactions with valve, orifice and venturi, etc. The inception of cavitation, especially in the propellant feeding system, is the primary cause of mass and pressure oscillations because of the cyclic formation and depletion of c... | Flow instability due to cryogenic cavitation in the downstream of orifice | 10.1007/s12206-008-1221-z |
2009-03-01 | The possibility of improving the efficiency of cryogenic forcing on the parameters of the hanging shock determining the length of the region of minimization of the sonic boom (middle zone) generated by a modified power-law body is studied. The effect of distributed injection of the coolant from the body surface on the ... | Controlling the level of the sonic boom generated by a flying vehicle by means of cryogenic forcing. 2. Distributed injection of a supercooled gas from the vehicle surface | 10.1007/s10808-009-0038-6 |
2009-02-01 | Modified Angstrom method is applied to study the variation of thermal diffusivity of plain woven fabric composite in closed cycle cryo-refrigerator (CCR) based set up in the temperature range 5–300 K. The set up used is plug in type and its small size offers portability. The set up works without use of any liquid cryog... | Study of variation of thermal diffusivity of advanced composite materials of E-glass fibre reinforced plastic (GFRP) in temperature range 5–300 K | 10.1007/s12034-009-0013-0 |
2009-02-01 | Behavior of the hydrogen isotope in recombination reactions, H+H→H_2 H+T→HT and T+T→T_2 under pressurized conditions at 1.6 K were investigated using liquid helium as cryogenic reaction media by radiochemical methods. Pressure effects were observed in changes of isotope ratio HT/T_2. It became clearer that the balance ... | Pressure effect to chemical reaction, hydrogen isotope recombination reactions in liquid helium at cryogenic temperature — Part II | 10.1007/s10967-007-7280-x |
2009-02-01 | Purpose To study the ultrastructure of biorelevant media and digestion products of self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery system (SNEDDS) at high level BS/PL conditions. Methods Cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (Cryo-TEM) was employed to visualize the colloid structures in the biorelevant media and lipolytic prod... | Colloidal Structures in Media Simulating Intestinal Fed State Conditions with and Without Lipolysis Products | 10.1007/s11095-008-9750-9 |
2009-02-01 | This paper presents an investigation of a new method of purifying cryogenic liquid using sintered metallic wire-mesh filter, which has the advantages of high purifying efficiency and preferred strength at absolutely low temperature. Experiments are conducted to purify solid CO_2 particles from liquid nitrogen. Temperat... | Experimental investigation of a cryogenic filter for separating solid carbon dioxide particles from liquid nitrogen | 10.1007/s12204-009-0025-3 |
2009-01-01 | The results of updating series-made model of two-stage Gifford−MacMahon microcryogenic system for lowering the temperature level and raising the refrigeration output are reported. Design solutions have been obtained that helped substantially improve, with minimal modification of the series-made two-stage Gifford–MacMah... | Two-stage Gifford–Macmahon microcryogenic system for operation at subhelium temperature | 10.1007/s10556-009-9147-6 |
2009-01-01 | A computational code for simulating flows of an arbitrary substance at an arbitrary condition is being developed by our research group. In this code, the preconditioned flux-vector splitting(PFVS) scheme fully coupled with the database of thermal properties, PROPATH [1], is implemented. The PFVS scheme was presented in... | Numerical Method for Near-critical Fluids of Arbitrary Material | 10.1007/978-3-540-92779-2_125 |
2009-01-01 | As we move towards the era of ELTs, it is timely to think about the future role of the 8-m class telescopes. Under the OPTICON program novel technologies have been developed that are intended for use in multi-object and integral-field spectrographs. To date, these have been targeted at instrument concepts for the Europ... | Smart Focal Plane Technologies for VLT Instruments | 10.1007/978-1-4020-9190-2_62 |
2009-01-01 | A scheme is proposed for preparing powder materials with introduction into their composition of viscoelastic components by embrittlement with subsequent cryogenic reduction. Analysis results are provided for the mechanism of structure formation of powder mixtures based on polymers by cryogenic methods. A calculation mo... | Cryogenic processing of polymer binders in the production of mixed powder products | 10.1007/s10556-009-9136-9 |
2009-01-01 | The nucleation of the vapor phase in superheated nitrogen-helium liquid solutions was studied by lifetime measurements. The temperature dependences of the mean lifetime of metastable solutions were obtained at p = 0.5 and 1.0 MPa and several concentrations. The nucleation rate J was found to vary from 10^4 to 10^8 s^−1... | The attainable superheating of nitrogen-helium solutions | 10.1134/S0036024409100227 |
2009-01-01 | High-resolution fluorescence spectroscopies are useful for studying excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) processes, as well as excited-state double proton transfer (ESDPT) in the case of dimeric species. Recent results are shown for four classes of compounds, i.e., hydroxychromones, aza-indoles, pyrazol... | High-Resolution Fluorescence Studies on Excited-State Intra- and Intermolecular Proton Transfer | 10.1007/978-0-387-88722-7_12 |
2009-01-01 | Superconducting magnet technology deals with the design, manufacture, and operation of superconducting magnets. A superconducting magnet is a highly stressed device: it requires the best that engineering has to offer to ensure that it operates successfully, is reliable, and at the same time is economically viable. A ty... | SUPERCONDUCTING MAGNET TECHNOLOGY | 10.1007/b112047_1 |
2009-01-01 | The main area of interest of our project is to provide solution which can be used in different areas of health care and which will be available through PDAs (Personal Digital Assistants), web browsers or desktop clients. The realized system deals with an ECG sensor connected to mobile equipment, such as PDA/Embedded, b... | Mobile Monitoring Stations and Web Visualization of Biotelemetric System - Guardian II | 10.1007/978-3-642-11284-3_29 |
2008-12-01 | The temperature dependence of dielectric constant and loss were investigated for poled and unpoled [001]-oriented 0.68PMN–0.32PT single crystal and ceramics at cryogenic temperature. Two abnormal loss peaks, which are frequency dependent, are presented for all the samples. One of abnormal loss peaks locates in the rang... | Dielectric loss anomalies of 0.68PMN–0.32PT single crystal and ceramics at cryogenic temperature | 10.1007/s10832-007-9150-2 |
2008-12-01 | Ten billion cubic meters of hydrogen are dissipated to the environment along with the emission of coke-oven gas every year in China. A novel cryogenic separation of hydrogen from coke oven gas is proposed to separate the hydrogen and liquefy it simultaneously, and the cooling capacity is supplied by two refrigeration c... | Refrigeration cycle for cryogenic separation of hydrogen from coke oven gas | 10.1007/s11708-008-0096-0 |
2008-11-01 | We analyze changes in the structural characteristics and mechanical properties of composite materials with a polyamide matrix depending on the type of heat treatment. It is shown that thermocyclic treatment with a decrease of temperature to cryogenic temperatures leads to partial cold recrystallization in nanofilled ma... | Influence of heat treatment regimes on the structure and mechanical properties of polyamide composites | 10.1007/s11003-009-9142-2 |
2008-11-01 | The possibility of controlling the sonic boom level by means of cooling the surface of a flying vehicle is discussed. The effect of surface cooling on the formation of the perturbed flow structure at large distances from the vehicle is demonstrated by an example of a modified power-law body of revolution. The intensity... | Controlling the level of the sonic boom generated by a flying vehicle by means of cryogenic forcing. 1. Cooling of the vehicle surface | 10.1007/s10808-008-0119-y |
2008-11-01 | A strong lightweight material (X-VOx) was formulated by nanocasting a conformal 4 nm thin layer of an isocyanate-derived polymer on the entangled worm-like skeletal framework of typical vanadia aerogels. The mechanical properties were characterized under both quasi-static loading conditions (dynamic mechanical analysis... | Synthesis and characterization of the physical, chemical and mechanical properties of isocyanate-crosslinked vanadia aerogels | 10.1007/s10971-008-1788-y |
2008-10-01 | Measurements of microwave attenuation at room temperature and 4.2 K have been performed on some conductors commonly used in receiver input circuits. The reduction in loss on cooling is substantial, particularly for copper and plated gold, both of which showed a factor of 3 loss reduction. Copper passivated with benzotr... | Microwave Loss Reduction in Cryogenically Cooled Conductors | 10.1007/s10762-008-9394-1 |
2008-09-01 | The reliability of buildings and structures erected in the cryolithozone has been exacerbated in the past decade. Basic principles of the development of deformations associated with both a change in properties of the frost, and also with the operating mode of the entities are analyzed, using the Noril'sk industrial reg... | Decreasing geotechnical reliability with worsening frozen-bed conditions | 10.1007/s11204-008-9023-y |
2008-09-01 | Capillary pressure force and direct surface tension force are known to be sufficient though probably not necessary to drive the compaction stage of latex film formation. There is abundant evidence that van der Waals force can draw particles together progressively more around the perimeters of interparticle contacts, bu... | Role of van der Waals force in latex film formation | 10.1007/s11998-008-9095-7 |
2008-09-01 | The results of mathematical modeling of thermal and mechanical responses of fuel materials in the process of direct drive target delivery into the reaction chamber are presented. Special attention is paid to the influence of fuel-layer anisotropy on the layer degradation that is of critical importance for the optimizat... | Thermal and mechanical responses of cryogenic targets with different fuel-layer anisotropy during the delivery process | 10.1007/s10946-008-9037-y |
2008-08-01 | Fe-Cr-Mo-Ni-C-Co alloy was quenched in liquid nitrogen and held for 24 h. Hardness tester, OM, XRD, SEM were used to investigate the mechanical properties and microstructures of the alloy. The results show that the hardness increases by 1–2 (HRC) and the compressive strength decreases slightly after cryogenic treatment... | Effects of cryogenic treatment on mechanical properties and microstructure of Fe-Cr-Mo-Ni-C-Co alloy | 10.1007/s11771-008-0085-9 |
2008-08-01 | Recent measurements have shown a record-breaking low thermal conductivity λ_total of less than 0.25 × 10^−3 W·m^−1·K^−1 at temperatures of 120 K for an evacuated sample consisting of polyimide fibers with a trilobal fiber cross section. Existing models for the heat transport in fiber insulations cannot sufficiently des... | Trilobal Polyimide Fiber Insulation for Cryogenic Applications | 10.1007/s10765-008-0471-4 |
2008-07-01 | Characterization is a first step to site cleanup or decommissioning of a disused nuclear facility. Good knowledge of the inventory of nuclides present, both type and location, is important in the design of an effective plan of remediation. Several systems based on HPGe detectors have been developed, both commercially a... | Performance of a portable, electromechanically-cooled HPGe detector for site characterization | 10.1007/s10967-008-0723-6 |
2008-07-01 | A previously constructed semi-rotating cryogenic modulator was modified for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC×GC). The retention time repeatability was improved by replacing the modulator control program unit with a new system. Peak widths obtained with the modified modulator were comparable with tho... | Modified semi-rotating cryogenic modulator for comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography | 10.1007/s00216-008-2122-9 |
2008-06-01 | We present a comprehensive investigation of the volume transition in thermosensitive core-shell particles. The particles consist of a solid core of poly (styrene) (radius: 52 nm) onto which a network of crosslinked poly( N -isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM) is affixed. The degree of crosslinking of the PNIPAM shell effecte... | Direct imaging of temperature-sensitive core-shell latexes by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy | 10.1007/s00396-008-1873-3 |
2008-06-01 | Polycrystalline diamond is widely used as a economic cutting material for machining non-ferrous materials such as aluminum. It is perceived that diamond cannot be used for cutting ferrous materials due to the high affinity of carbon to iron. Nevertheless, under certain conditions it is possible to use diamond materials... | Using PCD for machining CGI with a CO_2 coolant system | 10.1007/s11740-008-0104-6 |
2008-06-01 | The assembled form of thick-wall glass fiber reinforced plastics (GFRP) tube and 0Cr18Ni9 austenitic stainless steel pipes was designed as the radius thermal-insulating and load-supporting structure in cryogenic vessels. In order to study the thermal leakage and gap changes on the support structure, as well as radius t... | Thermal structure of glass fiber reinforce plastic support structure | 10.1007/s12204-008-0370-7 |
2008-05-01 | Procedures and equipment permitting realization of processes involving utilization of casinghead gas (CHG) directly in the fields are enumerated. A schematic diagram is presented for the processing of CHG using low-temperature condensation and subsequent deethanization with the acquisition of dry naphtha-free gas and a... | Processing procedures for casinghead gas | 10.1007/s10556-008-9046-2 |
2008-05-01 | In Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Scattering (CNNS) the neutrinos interact coherently with all nucleons leading to a cross section which is much larger than for all other neutrino interactions. Because of the small momentum transfer as well as the small recoil energy in CNNS, and the relatively low count rate, a low energy ... | Development of a Cryogenic Detector for Coherent Neutrino Nucleus Scattering | 10.1007/s10909-008-9720-y |
2008-05-01 | Near-surface-events are a major limitation to the performance of cryogenic massive germanium heat and ionisation detectors for dark matter search, due to their incomplete charge collection. We present here a powerful method of surface event identification based on the transient heat signal of a Ge bolometer, equipped w... | Surface Event Rejection of the EDELWEISS Cryogenic Germanium Detectors Based on NbSi Thin Film Sensors | 10.1007/s10909-008-9753-2 |
2008-05-01 | Astroparticle bolometric detectors often rely on the use of dilution refrigerators providing a large cooling power at millikelvin temperatures. Conventional machines, however, need a systematic supply of cryogenic fluids, complicating and making more expensive their operation, particularly in underground laboratories. ... | Pulse-Tube Dilution Refrigeration below 10 mK for Astrophysics | 10.1007/s10909-008-9725-6 |
2008-05-01 | Detectors fitted with interleaved collection electrodes offer a promising solution to the problem of surface event rejection in cryogenic Ge detectors for dark matter search. Detector design and modeling are discussed, based on computer simulations of the collection field and on pulse-shape analysis of the ionization s... | Cryogenic Ge Detectors with Interleaved Electrodes: Design and Modeling | 10.1007/s10909-008-9754-1 |
2008-05-01 | The CUORE detector, to be installed in 2010 at LNGS, is made of 988 TeO_2 crystals to be cooled to 10 mK. It consists of a large cryogen-free cryostat cooled by five pulse tubes and one high-power specially designed dilution refrigerator (R. Ardito et al. in http://arxiv.org/abs/hep-ex/0501010 , [ 2005 ]). The cryostat... | Low Temperature Thermal Conductivity of Ti6Al4V Alloy | 10.1007/s10909-008-9726-5 |
2008-05-01 | A new design of an ionization-heat germanium detector for dark matter search is presented, based on the use of interleaved electrodes for charge collection. This device allows active rejection of surface events by performing the appropriate cuts in the charge measurement data. Test experiments were performed with a pro... | Cryogenic Ge Detectors for Dark Matter Search: Surface Event Rejection with Ionization Signals | 10.1007/s10909-008-9762-1 |
2008-05-01 | LMSAL and NIST are developing position-sensitive X-ray strip detectors based on TES microcalorimeter arrays for solar physics. An important application of these devices will be the study of high temperature (>10 MK) X-ray lines, e.g. Fe XXV, at high spectral ( E /Δ E ≥1000) and temporal (sub-ms) resolution. Diagnostics... | X-ray Microcalorimeter Research for Solar Physics at LMSAL and NIST: An Update | 10.1007/s10909-008-9735-4 |
2008-05-01 | A 16-SQUID array has been designed and fabricated, which shows 0.12 μ Φ _0 Hz^−1/2 flux noise at 4.2 K. The readout amplifier based on a cryogenic silicon-germanium bipolar transistor employs short-delay negative flux feedback and reaches 7 MHz bandwith for a 1 Φ _0 p - p signal. The −1 dB compression is reached approx... | High Dynamic Range SQUID Readout for Frequency-Domain Multiplexers | 10.1007/s10909-008-9765-y |
2008-05-01 | We have developed a multiplexed read-out for transition-edge sensors (TES) based on a hybrid time- and frequency-domain basis set, similar to that used in time-division multiple-access (TDMA) mobile phones. The hybrid basis set uses bandwidth more efficiently than microwave frequency-division SQUID multiplexing, making... | A TDMA Hybrid SQUID Multiplexer | 10.1007/s10909-008-9769-7 |
2008-05-01 | The expected final reach of the Weakly Interacting Massive Particle (WIMP) search experiment CDMS-II by the end of 2007 is a WIMP-nucleon cross-section sensitivity of 2.1×10^−44 cm^2. To proceed further in our search, we have proposed the SuperCDMS Phase A project that would deploy 42 1-inch thick Ge detectors, at a si... | Present Status of the SuperCDMS program | 10.1007/s10909-008-9740-7 |
2008-05-01 | It is now well established and accepted that the universe has a total density equal to the critical density (Ω=1) and that roughly 25% of that amount is accounted for by non-relativistic particles. That these particles, referred to as Dark Matter, have remained a mystery has served to motivate physicists to design more... | Hot on the Tail of the Elusive WIMP: Cryogenic Dark Matter Searches in the 21st Century | 10.1007/s10909-008-9744-3 |
2008-05-01 | Low temperature photon detectors are increasingly attractive tools for materials analysis. Their range of applications has broadened from early work on x-ray fluorescence and now spans the electromagnetic spectrum from terahertz to gamma-ray energies. In addition, low temperature detectors (LTD’s) show promise for meas... | Materials Analysis with Cryogenic Sensors | 10.1007/s10909-008-9749-y |
2008-05-01 | A microwave single-photon detector was developed with highly-excited alkaline Rydberg-atoms in a cooled resonant cavity to search for dark matter axions. This detector belongs to a microwave single-photon counter, thus being free from the standard quantum limit (SQL). High sensitivity of the present detector system was... | Practical Design for Improving the Sensitivity to Search for Dark Matter Axions with Rydberg Atoms | 10.1007/s10909-008-9786-6 |
2008-05-01 | The EBIT Calorimeter Spectrometer (ECS) is currently being completed and will be installed at the EBIT facility at the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory in October 2007. The ECS will replace the smaller XRS/EBIT microcalorimeter spectrometer that has been in almost continuous operation since 2000. The XRS/EBIT was... | The EBIT Calorimeter Spectrometer: A New, Permanent User Facility at the LLNL EBIT | 10.1007/s10909-008-9788-4 |
2008-05-01 | An irreversible model of an Ericsson cryogenic refrigeration cycle working with an ideal Fermi gas is established, which is composed of two isothermal and two isobaric processes. The influence of both the quantum degeneracy and the finite-rate heat transfer between the working fluid and the heat reservoirs on the perfo... | Parametric optimum analysis of an irreversible Ericsson cryogenic refrigeration cycle working with an ideal Fermi gas | 10.1007/s12043-008-0089-x |
2008-04-01 | For the phonon-light technique employed in the CRESST experiment very sensitive light detectors are needed as only a small fraction of the energy of incident particles is detected as light. Following Neganov and Luke, the sensitivity can be improved by drifting the generated charge carriers in a semiconductor absorber ... | Application of the Neganov-Luke Effect for Scintillation Light Detection | 10.1007/s10909-007-9672-7 |
2008-04-01 | Macroporous viscoelastic poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) cryogels are prepared from aqueous concentrated (80–120 g/l) PVA solutions subjected to 1–5 cycles of cryogenic treatment (freezing at −20°C for 19 h and subsequent thawing at a rate of 0.3°C/min). Shear moduli and fusion temperatures of corresponding samples are deter... | Study of cryostructuring of polymer systems: 28. Physicochemical properties and morphology of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels formed by multiple freezing-thawing | 10.1134/S1061933X08020117 |
2008-04-01 | For the purpose of building very sensitive light and phonon detectors, as e.g. applied in the Dark Matter (DM) experiment CRESST (Cryogenic Rare Event Search with Superconducting Thermometers), transition edge sensors (TESs) in combination with a massive absorber crystal are used. To ensure high sensitivity of the dete... | Properties of Tungsten Thin Films Produced with the RF-Sputtering Technique | 10.1007/s10909-007-9642-0 |
2008-03-01 | The procedures of bearing strength prediction for composite laminates reinforced with high-strength unidirectional fibers at room and cryogenic temperatures are discussed. The best agreement between the calculated and experimental data is observed when the temperature dependence of effective mechanical parameters of pl... | Bearing strength prediction for reinforced composite laminates for cryogenic and aerospace applications | 10.1007/s11223-008-9003-5 |
2008-02-01 | Given the practical impossibility of obtaining new precision Rh-0.5at%Fe resistance thermometers in recent years, the possible re-starting of the production of such thermometers in Yunnan (China) was explored by Istituto Nazionale di Ricerca Metrologica (INRIM). Ten prototypes of the new production were made available ... | Preliminary Results on New Prototypes of Precision Rh-0.5at%Fe Resistance Thermometers of Chinese Production | 10.1007/s10765-007-0335-3 |
2008-02-01 | As a basis for evaluating the results of an international star comparison of sealed fixed-point cells, dedicated investigations have been directed to the dependence of the melting temperature on different conditions concerning the preparation of the solid phase, i.e., fast and slow freezing, refreezing without supercoo... | Influence of the Freezing and Annealing Conditions on the Realization of Cryogenic Triple Points | 10.1007/s10765-007-0301-0 |
2008-02-01 | The behavior of recombinations of H+H→H_2, H+T→HT and T+T→T_2 in liquid helium at cryogenic temperature of 1.6 K was investigated under pressurized condition using radiochemical methods. It was found that the isotope ratios of H_2, HT and T_2 were changed with the pressure. The changes will contribute to the bubble for... | Pressure effect in hydrogen isotope recombination reactions in liquid helium at cryogenic temperature | 10.1007/s10967-007-7017-2 |
2008-02-01 | A high-sensitivity microwave-single-photon detector was developed in Kyoto, in which microwave photons in a resonant cavity cooled at very low temperatures are absorbed by highly excited Rydberg atoms and the Rydberg atoms thereby promoted to a higher excited state are then selectively field-ionized and detected. This ... | A High-Sensitivity Microwave-Single-Photon Detector with Rydberg Atoms at Low Temperature | 10.1007/s10909-007-9586-4 |
2008-01-01 | Only microalgae (algae with cell/filament/thallus size <2 mm) are considered in this chapter. However, the methods described are applicable to a wide variety of prokaryotic cyanobacteria and eukaryotic microalgae. Most culturable cyanobacteria and soil microalgae that have been examined can be cryopreserved with relati... | Cryopreservation of Algae | 10.1007/978-0-387-72276-4_6 |
2008-01-01 | Elucidating the dynamics of proteins remains a central and daunting challenge of molecular biology. In our contribution we discuss the relevance of lowtemperature observations not only to structure, but also to dynamics, and thereby to the function of proteins. We first review investigations on light-harvesting complex... | Single Biomolecules at Cryogenic Temperatures: From Structure to Dynamics | 10.1007/978-3-540-73924-1_2 |
2008-01-01 | Associations of galaxies range from pairs and small groups, through the giant clusters containing over a thousand galaxies, to the vast structures on scales much greater than clusters such as the vast ‘walls’ seen in Figs. 2.7 and 2.8. Clustering occurs on all scales, as is demonstrated by the two-point correlation fun... | Clusters of Galaxies | 10.1007/978-3-540-73478-9_4 |
2008-01-01 | Icelandic Andosols form in climatic and geological conditions that are different from those common for Andosol formation, namely a frigid oceanic climate and the steady aeolian addition of fresh and reworked tephra material. Three representative profiles were sampled in different ecological zones of Iceland for -microm... | A Micromorphological Study of Andosol Genesis in Iceland | 10.1007/978-3-540-79134-8_5 |
2008-01-01 | We discuss the mechanical, thermal, and electromagnetic properties of a castable microwave absorber consisting of a mixture of stainless steel powder suspended in a commercially available epoxy. The resulting mixture is well suited for cryogenic applications. Its coefficient of thermal expansion closely matches most me... | Electromagnetic and Thermal Properties of a Conductively Loaded Epoxy | 10.1007/s10762-007-9299-4 |
2008-01-01 | Pyrene-1-carboxy acid has a p K of 4 in the ground state, and a p K of 8 in the excited state. Fluorescence spectra of the acid and base forms are presented as a function of solvent and temperature. Ab initio quantum calculations indicate that the bond between the ring system and the carboxyl group has aromatic charact... | Pyrene-1-Carboxylate in Water and Glycerol Solutions: Origin of the Change of pK Upon Excitation | 10.1007/s10895-007-0233-x |
2008-01-01 | Physical And Engineering Perspectives Of In Vitro Plant Cryopreservation | 10.1007/978-1-4020-3694-1_24 | |
2007-12-01 | Based on aqueous poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) solutions with different content of polymer having different molecular masses and chain tacticity, macroporous viscoelastic gels (PVA cryogels) are prepared in various regimes of freezing-storage in a frozen state-thawing. Shear modulus and fusion temperature of corresponding ... | Study of cryostructuring of polymer systems: 27. Physicochemical properties of poly(vinyl alcohol) cryogels and specific features of their macroporous morphology | 10.1134/S1061933X07060117 |
2007-11-01 | Roles of temperature and hydrostatic stress forces in severe plastic deformation of metal objects are considered. Methods and devices are described that allow the structural states of metal with high mechanical characteristics to be obtained upon plastic deformation at low temperatures under conditions of hydrostatic s... | Nanostructurization of metals cryodeformed at hydrostatic stress | 10.1007/s11182-007-0158-5 |
2007-11-01 | Development of a cryogenic system and tools for surgery and therapy | 10.1007/s10527-007-0068-4 | |
2007-11-01 | A numerical experiment for description of the critical phenomena in the case of intense heat exchange in flowing-down wave films of a cryogenic liquid on heat-releasing surfaces bounded in length has been carried out. Numerical modeling of the thermal stability of dry spots with heat-transfer conditions determined expe... | Features of the dynamics of development and the thermal stability of dry spots in flowing-down liquid films | 10.1007/s10891-007-0156-z |
2007-11-01 | A new two-phase cryogenic neutrino detector using electron bubble (e-bubble) specifically in liquid helium is proposed and being developed for real time, high rate measurements of low-energy p-p reaction neutrinos from the sun. The e-bubble detector is a time projection chamber-like (TPC) tracking detector. The task of... | Detection of low energy solar neutrinos by a two-phase cryogenic e-bubble detector | 10.1007/s11434-007-0431-6 |
2007-10-01 | Three-dimensional micro-XRF is a recently developed microprobe which facilitates three-dimensional resolved chemical analyses with a resolution of around 20 μm. Arbitrary sites or sections of samples can be investigated without the need to section specimens physically. In this paper we demonstrate the use of the microp... | Three-dimensional micro-XRF under cryogenic conditions: a pilot experiment for spatially resolved trace analysis in biological specimens | 10.1007/s00216-007-1494-6 |
2007-10-01 | We develop a high-sensitivity matrix radiometer which will be used on the large altazimuth telescope BTA of the Special Astrophysical Observatory (SAO) of the Russian Academy of Sciences (Fig. 1) for performing astronomical observations in atmospheric transparency windows in the poorly explored frequency range from 0.1... | High-sensitivity 0.13–0.38-THz matrix radiometer based on superconducting bolometers for the BTA telescope | 10.1007/s11141-007-0077-x |
2007-10-01 | Printed circuit board (PCB) recycling is an important challenge for today’s industry. This paper presents results from a study of cryogenic decomposition as a potential alternative recycling method for obsolete printed circuit board scraps. In this method liquid nitrogen is employed as a cryogen to form an environment ... | Experimental studies on cryogenic recycling of printed circuit board | 10.1007/s00170-006-0634-z |
2007-09-01 | Improving cutters | 10.3103/S1068798X07090146 | |
2007-09-01 | Under macroscopic pin-on-disk testing the sliding friction coefficient of Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) was investigated over a temperature range of approximately 200–400 K. This study examines the nature of the temperature dependence by testing PTFE pins at varying temperature and humidity on a linear reciprocating p... | Macroscopic Evidence of Thermally Activated Friction with Polytetrafluoroethylene | 10.1007/s11249-007-9237-6 |
2007-07-01 | Production processes of electrically active defects in degenerate silicon subjected to 2.5 MeV electron irradiation at T = 4.2 K and T = 300 K have been studied. The production rates of primary and secondary defects in irradiated samples are analyzed on the basis of the known properties of radiation-produced defects ... | Comparative studies of defect production in heavily doped silicon under fast electron irradiation at different temperatures | 10.1007/s10854-006-9103-6 |
2007-07-01 | The dynamic state of helium can be realized employing a centrifugal compressor driven by a turboexpander. An energy-generating cryogenic stage (ECS) has been created that helps produce work for driving a cold turboexpander and simultaneously generating cold for removal of the heat of compression. Optimization calculati... | Optimization of helium refrigerator with an energy-generating cryogenic stage | 10.1007/s10556-007-0083-z |
2007-07-01 | An experimental campaign consisting of tensile and fracture tests at cryogenic and room temperatures has been conducted on a Ti–5Al–2.5Sn extra-low-interstitial (ELI) alloy. It has been assessed that, at decreasing testing temperature: Young’s modulus slightly increases; yield and failure strengths increase significant... | Mechanical characterization of Ti–5Al–2.5Sn ELI alloy at cryogenic and room temperatures | 10.1007/s10704-007-9140-z |
2007-07-01 | The possibility to assess cold hardening of steels in the presence of stress concentration by means of structural-strength factors used in the engineering practice is considered. A modified system of structural-strength factors is proposed, which allows one to take into account the effect of individual factors (cryogen... | Cold hardening of steels under conditions of inhomogeneous stress and action of electric current pulses | 10.1007/s11223-007-0041-1 |
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