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Mifepristone (RU-486) is - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Anti-progestin o Mifepristone is primarily an anti-progestin, though it also has anti-androgen and antiglucocoicoid activity. | 3 | Anti-androgen | Anti-estrogen | Anti-progestin | Androgen | Pharmacology | null | 8d35a336-2ae6-4621-acff-ce86b06bb1cf | single |
Delusion of infidelity of pa of the sexual paner is known as: | C. i.e. Othello syndrome | 3 | De Clerambault's syndrome | Couvade syndrome | Othello syndrome | Ekbim's syndrome | Psychiatry | null | b6896a0c-ed56-4977-9c08-f085c43bb483 | single |
All are true regarding rheumatic chorea except: (Repeat) | Ans: B (May cause Neurologic sequlae) Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18ed & Nelson's Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th EditionExplanation:CHOREAOccurs in 10-15% ol patientsPresents as an isolated, subtle, neurologic behavior disorderSymptoms includeEmotional labilityIncoordinationPoor school performanceUnc... | 2 | Absent in sleep | May cause Neurologic sequelae | Lasts for 4 to 10 wks | Common in girls | Medicine | C.N.S. | cb001eba-4e26-4403-82f1-dfa04844892c | multi |
Not self retaining hand held retractor(s) is/are : | Ans: D (Davis...) (Ref: P.L. Dhingra 5th/ 463 ; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_ of_instruments_used_ in_ otorhinolaryngology]Mollison's mastoid retractor: Used in mastoidectomy to retract soft tissue after incision & elevation of flaps. It is self-retaining & haemostaticP.L Dhingra 5th/463Jansen's self-retaining mas... | 4 | Mollison's mastoid retractor | Jansen's mastoid retractor | Lempert's endaural retractor | Davis Retractor | ENT | Operative Surgery | a69952b2-9843-4782-b9c4-380f03b21c8a | single |
Which of the following is most radioresistant? | Ans. Cailage | 1 | Cailage | GIT epithelium | Gonadal tumours | Ewing's sarcoma | Radiology | null | 371c6236-e580-4748-b5af-4abcba708e35 | single |
Pudendal Nerve Block Involve | D i.e. S2 S3 S4 | 4 | LiL2L3 | L2L3L4 | SiS2S3 | S2S3S4 | Anaesthesia | null | e96b637f-8c74-449a-a9ad-e70925209f7b | single |
True about mitochondrial chain elongation of fatty acid is/are | Operates under anaerobic conditions
Fatty Acid Chain Elongation | 4 | Operates under anaerobic conditions | Not a common pathway | Pyridoxal-phosphate & NADPH is required | All of these | Biochemistry | null | d4783e06-d46e-42e9-be4d-e1b966a7addb | multi |
Idiopathic guttate hypomelanosis usually occurs over the- | Ans. A. Anterior aspects of legs and forearmsIGH most frequently occur in sun-exposed areas of the limbs. Solar damage is a factor in these cases. Clinically, the lesions are porcelain-white macules, usually 2-6mm in size but sometimes much larger | 1 | Anterior aspects of legs and forearms | Face and ears | Flexural regions | Extensors | Skin | Miscellaneous | 12458c51-6c1d-47e5-827e-1f6dcef95d87 | multi |
The aim of post-marketing studies is: | null | 4 | Efficacy of the drug | Dosage of the drug | Deals with alteration of the drug includes absortion, distribution, binding/storage | Safety and comparisons with other medicines | Pharmacology | null | 2182651c-09b9-41d8-a78f-d724353bc93d | single |
Collecting tubules of kidney develop from | Collecting ducts of the permanent kidney develop from the ureteric bud, an outgrowth of the mesonephric duct close to its entrance to the cloaca. The bud penetrates the metanephric tissue, which is molded over its distal end as a cap. Subsequently, the bud dilates, forming the primitive renal pelvis, and splits into cr... | 1 | Ureteric bud | Mesonephric duct | Paramesonephric duct | Wolffian duct | Anatomy | General anatomy | 6a720dd4-4e5a-4595-b506-28e2c11452d6 | single |
Boa's sign seen in | Boas' or Boas's sign is hyperaesthesia (increased or altered sensitivity) below the right scapula is a symptom of acute cholecystitis | 2 | Acute cholangitis | Acute Cholecystitis | Mirizzi syndrome | Primary sclerosing cholangitis | Anatomy | All India exam | 85ecbde6-8985-4831-9a62-2938ff9187c8 | single |
Anterior interosseous nerve is a branch of which nerve | Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve is given off in the upper pa of forearm . It supplies the flexor pollicis longus , the lateral half of flexor digitorum profundus and pronator quadratus . The nerve also supplies distal radioulnar and wrist joint . B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no : 114 | 3 | Radial | Ulnar | Median | Axillary | Anatomy | Upper limb | 71aeecf0-4c14-4028-a937-060b2406fb95 | single |
The most common early post-operative complication of ileostomy is: | Ans. b. Necrosis Stoma necrosis may occur in the early post-operative period and usually is caused by skeletonizing the distal small bowel and/or creating an overly tight fascia! defect Stomal Complications Early (RAPID-0) Late (SPF-GO Stoma Retraction* Stenosisdeg Abscess formation Prolapsedeg Poor location Parastomal... | 2 | Obstruction | Necrosis | Diarrhea | Prolapse | Surgery | null | 6b0a1aae-df9c-46f0-9e61-80d1cf605ce7 | single |
The most common cause of Renal scarring in a 3 year old child is | vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) has been considered the most impoant risk factor for post-UTI renal scar formation in children. VUR predisposes children with UTI to pyelonephritis, and both are associated with renal scarring. Reference: GHAI Essential pediatrics, 8th edition | 3 | Trauma | Tuberculosis | Vesicoureteral reflux induced pyelonephritis | Interstitial nephritis | Pediatrics | Urinary tract | 3e752c67-258c-4cc6-8b6e-ee0ed45347c7 | single |
This phase in hair cycle determines the length to which hair in different body areas can grow – | null | 1 | Anagen | Catagen | Telogen | Kenogen | Dental | null | 808d6c6e-4b68-473c-8d8d-4caf29cc0c46 | single |
Central diabetes insipidus is characterized by? | Is characterized by ADH|| which leads to loss of H2O so urine will be diluted and plasma will be concentrated. Low urine & High plasma Osmolality in Central D.I SIADH (Gain of water) DI(loss of water) Urine osmolality || || Plasma osmolality || || Na+ concentration Dilutional hyponatremia Relative hypernatremia | 4 | Low plasma and low urine osmolality | High plasma and high urine osmolality | Low plasma and high urine osmolality | Low urine and high plasma osmolality | Medicine | Disorders of pituitary gland | f8584ab5-cf40-43a1-8c17-3e777228fd10 | single |
Which is not used in pasteurization ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Methylene blue test | 2 | Phosphatase test | Methylene blue test | Coliform count | Standard plate count | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 5a13ff6f-d638-4057-a637-348b1f550528 | single |
Chromodacryorroea (shedding of pink tears due to accumulation of porphyrin) may be seen in poisoning with - | Chromodacryorrhea is seen in organophosphate poisoning. | 4 | Arsenic | Barbiturate | CuSO4 | Oraganophosphorous | Forensic Medicine | null | 9d562222-7c82-410f-a373-09dc1f0a1b4e | single |
The most common cause of tricuspid regurgitation is secondary to | Ref Harrison 19 th ed pg 1548 In at least 80% of cases, TR is secondary to marked dilation of the tricuspid annulus from RV enlargement due to PA hypeension .Functional TR may complicate RV enlargement of any cause, however, including an inferior myocardial infarction (MI) that involves the RV. | 2 | Rheumatoid hea disease | Dilation of right ventricle | Coronary aery disease | Endocarditis due to intravenous drug abuse | Anatomy | General anatomy | 03fb3329-beb4-4aa9-8672-9ffb18c9fdd6 | single |
Post-menopausal bleeding is associated with all except: | Ans. is b, i.e. CINRef: Novak 14th/ed, p490; CGDT 10th/ed, p577-578; Jeffcoate 7th/ed, p614Postmenopausal bleeding is defined as bleeding which occurs after 12 months amenorrhea in a middle aged women.Causes of Post-Menopausal Bleeding:* Exogenous estrogen (HRT)* Vaginitis - tubercular, Candida, chlamydia, senile* Endo... | 2 | Ca cervix | CIN | Ca ovary | Endometrial Ca | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Disorders in Menstruation | 618d448f-dbc0-4fd6-8ac0-25ce9fccb545 | multi |
The scientist who discovered the transmisssion of malaria by anopheline mosquito - | null | 3 | Laveran | Paul muller | Ronald Ross | Pampania | Microbiology | null | 892692b2-929e-4bf9-8c5d-cad12f028669 | single |
Most common nerve injured in posterior dislocation of hip | null | 1 | Sciatic | Femoral | Superior glutcal nerve | Inferior glutcal nerve | Orthopaedics | null | 761bd08a-f78a-409d-a0d3-f1148c11c891 | single |
Most common mutated gene in primary hemochromatosis | Primary hemochromatosis - HFE gene Chr6P. | 1 | HFE gene | Transferrin receptor 2 | Ferroportin 1 | Hepcidin | Medicine | null | 396dff2f-20d7-4b0f-8c71-8c1c340c1164 | single |
All are second messengers except | Ans. (a) Guanylyl cyclase(Ref: Ganong, 25th ed/p.56)The second messenger systems that are activated through coupling of hormone-receptor complexes by G-protein are,#Adenylyl cyclase-cAMP system#Inositol triphosphate (IP3) - Diacylglycerol (DAG) - Calcium (Ca2+) system#Guanylyl cyclase-cGMP systemGuanylyl cyclase is the... | 1 | Guanylyl cyclase | cAMP | IP3 | DAG | Physiology | Endocrinology and Reproduction | ef4da9f2-44fe-446d-90f2-73b94ae11e20 | multi |
Regarding Dandy-Walker syndrome, all are seen except- | Dandy-walker malformation
The Dandy-Walker malformation consists of a cystic expansion of the 4th ventricle in the posterior fossa and midline cerebellar hypoplasia.
There is : -
Hydrocephalus (90% of cases)
Agenesis of the cerebellar vermis and corpus callosum.
The rapid increase in head size with prominent occiput. | 2 | Hydrocephalus | Arachnoid cyst | Posterior fossa cyst | Cerebellar vermis deficiency | Pathology | null | 6e8a0585-722e-41fc-9471-8f76c7434ad3 | multi |
Differential diagnosis for pancytopenia with cellular bone marrow include the following except ? | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia Pancytopenia refers to as decreased counts of all the three blood cells, i.e., RBC, WBC, and platelets. o Pancytopenia may have any of the two pathogenic mechanisms. 1.Decreased production of blood cells in bone marrow (more common) as in aplastic anemia. 2.Increase... | 4 | Megaloblastic anemia | Myelodysplasia | Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria | Congenital dyserythropoietic anemia | Pathology | null | da84eb19-6069-4d60-8d2e-db1fdf8a1e82 | multi |
Drug of choice for Wilson's disease with hepatic compensation? | With no hepatic decompensation, DOC - Zinc aloneWith hepatic decompensation - zinc+trientene for 4months followed by zinc alone as maintenance therapy.Ref: -recent study | 2 | Zinc | Zinc and Trientene | Thiomolybdate | Pencillamine | Pharmacology | Gastrointestinal tract | 5f540c89-a743-4679-90b8-967bd01bd857 | single |
Swarming growth is seen in - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Proteus | 3 | Salmonella | Shigella | Proteus | E. coli | Microbiology | null | 1c8dd9f0-35e9-40b5-90a3-b4eb7144d3ec | single |
A 69-year-old man has lost a friend to prostate cancer, and would like to be evaluated for the disease. He has no urinary symptoms. Which of the following tests is most likely indicated to screen him for prostate cancer? | Although an elevated PSA (> 4) has the best positive predictive value, combining it with DRE is probably the most effective screening process. | 3 | prostate ultrasound | digital rectal examination (DRE) | DRE and prostate specific antigen (PSA) | PSA | Medicine | Oncology | 6d398035-47b0-4d6e-9ea3-62f8ae12521e | single |
The function of stria vascularis is | Cochlear duct: Also called membranous cochlea or the scala media. It is a blind coiled tube. It appears triangular on cross-section and its three walls areformed by:(a) the basilar membrane, which suppos the organ of Coi(b) the Reissner's membrane, which separates it from the scala vestibule; and(c) the stria vasculari... | 4 | To produce perilymph | To absorb perilymph | To maintain the electronic milieu of endolymph | To produce endolymph | ENT | Ear | 302757bf-dfdd-4aa7-9c5d-be5760e87356 | single |
Commonest type of ca breast is - | Ans is 'd' ie Infiltrative Ductal ca Almost all breast malignancies are adenocarcinomas, all other types (i.e. squamous cell Ca, phylloides tumors, sarcomas, and lymphomas are rare They are divided into two types ductal and lobular types each of which are fuher two types carcinoma in situ & invasive type. Ductal carcin... | 4 | Papillary ca | Pagets disease | Fibrasorcoma | Infiltrative ductal ca | Surgery | null | 54f99d09-a52b-46e5-9b24-05853a6d8c8c | single |
The pathogenicity of E. histolytica is indicated by - | Option 1, 2, 3 Zymodeme (isoenzyme) analysis: - E. histolytica possesses several isoenzymes like mailc enzyme, hexokinase, isomerase and phosphoglucomutase and these isoenzymes contribute in pathogenesis. When these isoenzymes are subjected to electrophoresis based on electrophoretic pattern (Zymodeme pattern) and mobi... | 1 | Zymodeme pattern | Size | Nuclear pattern | ELISA test | Microbiology | Parasitology Pa 1 (Protozoology) | e9f43384-b85c-4280-859e-4d598784f04a | single |
Inferior ophthalmic vein passes through: | null | 3 | Superior orbital fissure. | Inferior orbital fissure | Both | None. | Anatomy | null | 3d9e4b72-3561-4702-8bf4-c840aedab222 | multi |
Perforins are produced by: | Perforins are hole forming proteins synthesized by cytotoxic T-cells. They can perforate the plasma membrane of the target cells that are under attack by CD8+ lymphocytes. Granzymes are delivered into the target cells through these holes formed by perforins. In addition, the perforin pores allow water to enter the cell... | 1 | Cytotoxic T cells | Suppressor T cells | Memory helper T cells | Plasma cells | Pathology | null | 1da442a5-57a6-45ea-8457-5c856e81b3a7 | single |
Among the given conditions the least infectious type of TB is seen in which of the following associations? | The most infectious patients have cavitary pulmonary disease or, much less commonly, laryngeal TB and produce sputum containing as many as 105-107 AFB/mL. Persons with both HIV infection and TB are less likely to have cavitations, they may be less infectious than persons without HIV co-infection. Reference: Harrisons P... | 4 | Cavitary pulmonary disease | Laryngeal TB | Sputum with 1,00,000 AFB/ml | HIV patients with TB | Medicine | null | ae600fda-9452-49d4-b7c1-8af3abe8cf33 | single |
All of the lollowing pelvic structures suppo the vagina, except :<img src=" /> | InlundibulopEURlvic ligament Ans. is d i.e. Infundibulopelvic ligament Ref. Jeffcoate 7/e, p 46; CGDT 10/e, p 49 Vagina is strong canal of muscles (- 7.5 cm long) which extends from the uterus to the vestibule of the external genitalia, where it opens to the exterior. The cervix of the uterus projects into its upper pa... | 4 | Psrineal body | Pelvic diaphragm | Lavator ani muscle | Infundibulopelvic ligament | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 76e2b876-3641-43e3-8724-9b2e938dd533 | multi |
Which of the following is the most Radiosensitive ovarian tumours : | Ans. is 'a' i.e. Dysgerminoma [Reference Shaws, 12/e, p318, S. Bhadury, essentials of radiology and imaging, 1/e, p5021Dysgerminoma corresponds to seminoma of the tests and one is very well aware that seminomas are highly radiosensitive tumors.List of highly radiosensitive tumorsLymphoma*Seminoma*Myeloma*Ewing's Sarcom... | 1 | Dysgerminoma | Dermoid cyst | Serous cyst adenoma | Endodermal sinus tumour | Radiology | Neoplasia | 3143e09d-6faa-4fe9-bda7-7abe7eddb465 | single |
Dysphagia is caused by all except- | Esophageal causes of dysphagia
The lesions may lie in the lumen, in the wall or outside the wall of esophagus.
a) Lumen : Obstruction to lumen can occur in atresia, foreign body, strictures, benign or malignant tumors.
b) Wall : It can be acute or chronic esophagitis, or motility disorders. The latter are : -
i) Hyp... | 1 | Esophageal varices | Achalasia cardia | Stricture | Gastroesophageal reflux of long standing duration | ENT | null | 0e096ea4-6eef-4c27-b3cd-202b9b5a2c1f | multi |
Foix-Alajouanine disease of the spinal cord is a: | Ans. (a) Arteriovenous malformation(Ref: Toole's Cerebrovascular Disorders pg 351)Foix-Alajouanine syndrome is an arteriovenous (AV) malformation of the spinal cord predominantly affecting the lower thoracic and/or lumbosacral levels Foix-Alajouanine syndrome usually occurs in older patients (>50 y). | 1 | Arteriovenous malformation | Cavernous malformation | Capillary telangiectasia | Venous angioma | Pathology | Central Nervous System | b93f7912-c7ed-42ab-9f59-41c5608a52b4 | single |
Inability to pronate forearm is due to injury to which nerve ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Median nerve Pronation of the forearm is by two muscles pronator teres and pronator quadratus. These two muscles are supplied by median nerve. Thus injury to median nerve produces inability to pronate forearm. The median nerve is also called labourer's nerve. The median nerve arises by two roots, one ... | 3 | Ulnar | Radial | Median nerve | Musculocutaneous | Surgery | null | f1b1985d-41a1-4500-b315-650c788e3e9b | single |
The involvement of the L5 Nerve Root can affect all of the below movements, except: | The L4 nerve root is involved in the adduction of the hip, extension of the knee and dorsiflexion of the ankle. Thigh adduction is not mediated the L5 nerve root. The muscles of thigh adduction are supplied by the Obturator Nerve. Obturator nerve (L2 to L4 anterior divisions) adducts and medially rotates the thigh. Ref... | 1 | Adduction of the Thigh | Flexion of the Knee | Extension of the Great Toe | Extension of the Knee | Anatomy | null | a2acec3c-6a22-4f40-a9ab-85386002d1a6 | multi |
Which of the following is an example of disorders of sex chromosomes? | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Klinefelter's syndrome Sexual differentiation can be divided into three major components * Chromosomal sexThe clinical features of patients with disorders of gonadal and phenotypic sex are divided intoDisorder of Gonadal and phenotypic sexundervirilization of 46 xy malesinappropriate virilization of 46... | 3 | Marfan's syndrome | Testicular feminization syndrome | Klinefelter's syndome | Down's syndrome | Pathology | Mendelian Disorders: Single-Gene Defects | 7253e912-8e73-4d56-97c7-88dcb1611d5c | single |
Dose of which of the following may not be altered with deranged value of GFR - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Cefoperazone o Cefoperazone, ceftriaxone and cefopiramide do not require dose reduction in renal failure. | 2 | Cefepime | Cefoperazone | Cefuroxime | Tetracycline | Pharmacology | null | 01e4e6f3-f0f4-49d7-8de8-c8716bdf1c4d | single |
All of the following are ketone bodies produced in fatty acid oxidation, EXCEPT: | Increased fatty acid oxidation is a characteristic of starvation and of diabetes mellitus, and leads to ketone body production by the liver (ketosis). Under metabolic conditions associated with a high rate of fatty acid oxidation, the liver produces considerable quantities of acetoacetate and beta-hydroxybutyrate. Acet... | 3 | Acetone | Acetoacetate | a-Ketoglutarate | b-hydroxybutyrate | Biochemistry | null | f0ea4d19-c8d0-4015-977c-1e3053be13dc | multi |
A person presented with recurrent swelling on face and lips due to emotional stress, cause is – | Recurrent episodes of edema of face & lips after emotional stress suggest the diagnosis of Hereditary Angioneurotic Edema caused by C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency. | 1 | C1 esterase inhibitor deficiency | Allergy | Anaphylaxis | None of the above | Dental | null | 14161315-6a4f-4b5b-9dd1-87ef0719eae2 | multi |
Which of the following drug is not associated with drug induced pemphigus? | Penicillin, cephalosporins, penicillamine, rifampicin, captopril, piroxicam, phenylbutazone are drugs commonly associated with drug induced pemphigus. | 4 | Rifampicin | Penicillin | Captopril | Furosemide | Skin | null | 92f1978a-cf24-403e-8767-b874d34143cd | single |
75% negative predictivity indicate | null | 3 | 75% population have the disease | 25% population tested do not have the disease | There is 75% probability that the people tested negative for the disease, do not have the disease in reality | 75% population tested, 75% do not have the disease | Dental | null | f8fd2c90-7cfe-4ca1-8d3b-55f7433eca9c | single |
Leucocyte alkaline phosphatase (LAP) is raised in all except | null | 4 | Myelofibrosis | Essential thrombocythemia | Polycythemia | Chronic myeloid leukemia | Pathology | null | c610c0c7-8cfe-4b29-9529-d8805491c5d5 | multi |
Hallucination is? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Perception without external stimulus Hallucinations* Hallucination is perceiving sensory input in the absence of any actual external stimulus, i.e., perception without stimulus. Subjectively hallucinations are similar to normal perception in that modality of sensation. They are as intense, as vivid, a... | 2 | Altered perception of real object | Perception without external stimulus | False, firm belief | Transient state of altered sensorium | Psychiatry | Symptoms & Signs | f13a8d17-4c89-476a-b804-d445f6c12787 | multi |
IUGR is defined when : | Ans. is a i.e. Bih weight is below the tenth percentile of the average of gestational age Intrauterine growth restriction is said to be present in those babies whose bih weight is below the tenth percentile of the average for the gestational age. Growth restriction can occur in preterm, term or post-term babies. Friend... | 1 | Bih weight is below the tenth percentile of the average of gestational age | Bih weight is below the 20 percentile of the average of gestational age | Bih weight is below the 30 percentile of the average of gestational age | Weight of baby is less than 1000 gm | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 32a5684e-d67a-40b9-9a2d-2e61a786b161 | single |
Antidote of choice for organophosphate and carbamate poisoning is: | Atropine is an antidote of choice for both organophosphate and carbamate poisoning. | 2 | Physostigmine. | Atropine. | Tacrine. | Rivastigmine. | Pharmacology | null | a45c52e4-cc87-495b-be2b-4dd92d384a29 | single |
Early reaction of Lepromin test is known as | Lepromin test Test of CMI in leprosy. Early reaction is known as Fernandez reaction (Read at 48 hours). Late reaction is known as Late Mitsuda reaction (Read at 21 days). It is not a diagnostic test. | 2 | Late Mitsuda reaction | Fernandez reaction | Early Mitsuda reaction | First lepromin reaction | Social & Preventive Medicine | NVBDCP, NLEP | 7049c0aa-3d55-4b84-9755-1be97484296c | single |
Which of the following describes stage 3 Limb ischemia as per Fontaine classification | Fontaine classification of limb ischaemia :
Stage 1 : No clinical symptoms.
Stage 2 : Intermittent claudication.
2a : Well - compensated - Can walk > 200 metres.
2b : Poorly compensated - Walk only < 200 metres.
Stage 3 : Rest pain.
Stage 4 : Gangrene, ischaemic ulcer. | 3 | Well compensated intermittent claudication | Poorly compensated intermittent claudication | Rest pain | Ischemic ulcer | Surgery | null | 9541fe46-95a1-4e98-bff0-f815f27a7ede | single |
A child with head injury is admitted in ICU. Management of raised ICP includes all except: | - ICP should be maintained <20 mm Hg First-tier therapy for raised ICP includes: Elevation of head end of the bed, ensuring midline positioning of head and body Controlled mechanical ventilation Sedation and analgesia (i.e., benzodiazepines and narcotics) Osmolar agents like mannitol and hypeonic saline. | 2 | Mannitol, if there is no intracranial haemorrhage | Minimal use of sedation and analgesia | Controlled mechanical ventilation | Hypeonic saline may be used | Pediatrics | Raised intracranial tension | 9831671c-2cb6-4696-8cb8-9dbe8dbe8e31 | multi |
During the active phase of labour, the minimum effective dilatation of the cervix in primigravida should be at the rate of: | null | 2 | 0.5 cm/hour | 1 cm/hour | 1.5 cm/hour | 2 cm/hour | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 79fd283d-1824-4f7d-9872-cd745009f07e | single |
Rugger Jersey Spine is seen in - | Renal abnormalities usually precede the bone changes by several years. Children are more severely affected than adults: they are usually stunted, pasty-faced and have marked rachitic deformities associated with myopathy. Xrays show widened and irregular epiphyseal plates. In older children with longstanding disease the... | 3 | Fluorosis | Achondroplasia | Renal osteodystrophy | Marfan's syndrome | Orthopaedics | Miscellaneous | f34c3bc7-5800-4a8f-9ee1-dd1195b0e6cf | single |
A patient is having a continuous tremor and he has tendency to fall. Lesion Is most commonly seen in? | Patient with continuous tremors and tendency to fall describes the Parkinson's disease. Parkinson disease: Dopamine deficiency in Substantia Nigra. Festinating Gait (stooped posture) Sho shuffling gait Cog wheel rigidity/ lead pipe rigidity Hypophonia: voice intensity | Akinetic Mutism Freezing (Cannot sta the movement... | 2 | Globus pallidus | Substantia Nigra | Caudate lobe | Putamen | Anatomy | FMGE 2019 | f3b91771-d395-457e-a58c-8752f8be83fd | multi |
Under the national TB programme, for a PHC to be called a PHC-R, requisite is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Microscopy plus radiology o District tuberculosis centre (DTC) is the nucleus of DTP o The function of DTC is to plan, organize and implement the DTP in the entire district, in association with general Health services. o When DTP activities (Sputum microscopy, chest X-ray, Anti-TB treatment) are intro... | 2 | Microscopy | Microscopy plus radiology | Radiology | None of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 267f3f60-c60e-46eb-bfc5-d4232dcc164e | multi |
Which of the following is true regarding alpha and gamma motor neurons during initiation of voluntary movements? | Ans. c. Both are activated together (Ref: Ganong 24/e p232 Guyton 13/e p699)In response to descending excitatory input to spinal motor circuits, both a- and y-motor neurons are activated"In response to descending excitatory input to spinal motor circuits, both a- and -y-motor neurons are activated. Because of this "a--... | 3 | Alpha motor neurons are activated first followed by gamma motor neurons | Gamma motor neurons are activated first followed by alpha motor neurons | Both are activated together | Only alpha motor neurons get activated | Physiology | Nerve Physiology | 912fdc42-deb1-44d0-a60b-2b1d787db6c5 | multi |
The most common presentation of adult Rhinosporidiosis is? | The most common presentation of adult rhinosporidiosis is the protruding polypoidal mass through the nares and multiple site involvement. In the early stages, the patient may complain of nasal discharge which is often blood tinged and nasal stuffiness. Sometimes, frank epistaxis is the only presenting complaint. In the... | 4 | Halitosis | Pain | Anosmia | Polypoidal mass | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses | 0200c9e3-d2d1-4d56-82c3-7b873bc25bd9 | single |
A patient with normal renal function has received a daily maintenance dose of digoxin for 2 weeks, if the dosage is changed, the new steady state plasma digoxin concentration would be achieved in approximately | The time required to establish a new steady-state plasma drug concentration when maintenance doses are changed is approximately four half-lives, the same amount of time required to establish the initial steadystate level. Because the half-life of digoxin is approximately 1.6 days, the time required to reach a new stead... | 2 | 2days | 1 week | 2 weeks | 4 weeks | Pharmacology | null | df88073a-83fb-4f70-b725-78b4a7cd80ac | single |
A community has 30% below 15years of age and 10% over 65years of age. Dependency ratio is | Dependency ratio The propoion of persons above 65 years of age and children below 15 years of age are considered to be dependant On the economically productive age group (15-64 years). The ratio of the combined age groups 0-14 years plus 65 years and above to the 15-65 years age group is referred to as the total depend... | 3 | 20% | 40% | 66.60% | 3% | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and family planning | b539dc72-2019-438a-b406-66b525335c34 | single |
The effective temperature of the 'comfo zone' is- | Comfo zones: In deg C of corrected effective temperature Pleasant and cool 20 Comfoable and cool 20-25 Comfoable 25- 27 (77-80F) Hot and uncomfoable 27-28 Extremely hot 28+ Intolerably hot 30+. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 792 | 2 | 69-76 o F | 77-80 oF | 83-85 oF | 86-90 oF | Social & Preventive Medicine | Environment and health | 1da5242a-6c35-4f16-92ef-92d188d0e4c5 | single |
The site for injection of cell culture rabies vaccine - | Rabies vaccine is given by either of two routes:-
i) Intramuscular: Deltoid (most preferred) and/or thigh (in children < 2 years, the anterolateral thigh is preferred).
ii) Intradermal: Over deltoid and/or thigh.
In intramuscular regimen, injection is given intradermally over deltoid. | 3 | Gluteus | Subcutaneous | Deltoid | Anterior abdominal wall | Microbiology | null | e724728a-ceb6-48dc-ba99-8f99fdea6f03 | multi |
Although 61 codons code for aminoacids, only 20 amino acids are naturally occurring. This feature of the genetic code is known as: | THE GENETIC CODE IS DEGENERATE, UNAMBIGUOUS, NONOVERLAPPING, WITHOUT PUNCTUATION, & UNIVERSAL
Three of the 64 possible codons do not code for specific amino acids; these have been termed nonsense codons. These nonsense codons are utilized in the cell as termination signals. They specify where the polymerization of amin... | 2 | Transcription | Degeneracy | Mutation | Unambiguity | Biochemistry | null | 5b389340-ff6f-48d9-909f-f585cf794577 | multi |
In which of the following transition meiosis occurs : | Transition meiosis Transition from mitosis to meiosis The spermatogonia undergo mitosis to form the primary spermatocytes, which then enter first meiotic division. They rest for 22 days and then rapidly complete the first meiotic division to form secondary spermatocytes. During second meiotic division secondary spermat... | 1 | Primary to secondary spermatocyte | Second spermatocyte to globular spermatid | Germ cells to spermatogonium | Spermatogonium to primary spermatocyte | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | General obstetrics | 14337c57-77ab-4ef8-b141-5b7d979079ad | single |
Most common organism causing UTI in pregnancy is - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., E. coli UTI in pregnancy* The most common uropathogen in the pregnant patient is E. coli (80-90%).* Other pathogens include the following:# Klebsiella pneumoniae (5%)# Proteus mirabilis (5%)# Enterobacter species (3%)# Staphylococcus saprophyticus (2%)# Group B P-hemolytic Streptococcus (1%)# Proteus ... | 1 | E. coli | Proteus | Staphylococcus saprophyticus | Group B hemolytic Streptococcus | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Miscellaneous (Gynae) | 7052c8a5-54f0-4dad-b31c-7f2462eff834 | single |
Synaptic potentials can be recorded by: | C i.e. Microelectrode Nerve cells have a low threshold for excitation. The stimulus may be electrical, chemical or mechanical. Two types of physio chemical disturbances are produced: I) Local, non propagated potential - synaptic or electrotonic potential II) Propogated disturbance - action potential (nerve impulse) Mea... | 3 | Patch clamp technique | Voltage clamp technique | Microelectrode | EEG | Physiology | null | 193010a8-6946-4dc2-b250-d6cd240180a4 | single |
A 58-year-old woman presents with difficulty in swallowing. A thorough workup by a gastroenterologist fails to reveal any primary esophageal disease. The woman is referred to an endocrinologist for evaluation of her thyroid. The endocrinologist suspects Riedel thyroiditis. Which of the following findings on physical ex... | Riedel thyroiditis, also called ligneous (rocklike) stroma, is a rare form of chronic thyroiditis characterized microscopically by a marked fibrous reaction that destroys most or all of the thyroid gland and may involve adjacent structures. The etiology is unknown. Clinically, this disease tends to affect middle-aged a... | 4 | Eyeball protrusion | Massive soft thyroid gland | Painful and tender thyroid gland | Very firm thyroid gland | Pathology | null | b528f916-d209-4da3-9240-9df6f05c3755 | multi |
Investigation of choice in hyperprolactinemia is which of the following? | The diagnosis of hyperprolactinemia is made by estimation of fasting morning prolactin. | 3 | CT brain | MRI brain | Prolactin estimation | CH estimation | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 491a5241-5186-4ee7-aa51-09e95d504885 | single |
Shag Carpet appearance is associated with | Microscopic appearance of substrate dentin and etchant is known as Shag Carpet Appearance. | 2 | MTA | Dentin Bonding agent | Amalgam | Composite | Dental | null | db4e500b-17d6-4186-bb3f-dd5d7d47c3c9 | single |
The earliest chest X-ray change in cystic fibrosis is: | The earliest chest x-ray finding in CF lungs is hyperinflation, reflecting small-airways obstruction. Later, signs of luminal mucus impaction, bronchial cuffing, and finally bronchiectasis, e.g., ring shadows, are noticed. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 2149. | 1 | Hyperinflation | Ring shadows | Marked increase in the bronchovascular markings | Prominent right descending pulmonary aery | Medicine | null | 25e60e93-5a45-4517-b217-90a2065802c5 | single |
Gold standard investigation in diagnosing PID is:March 2005 | Ans. B: LaparoscopyInvestigations in a case of PID:Physical examinationPregnancy test (to rule out anectopic pregnancy)White blood cell test (to rule out appendicitis)Genital culture (to look for gonorrhea and chlamydia).An endometrial biopsy (tissue sample removed from the endometrium)Sonogram (if abscesses are suspec... | 2 | Anti chlamydial Ab | Laparoscopy | USG | Blood leucocyte count | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 87fec092-942d-4631-a1c9-7af1cb7ddb1f | single |
All of the following benign conditions are associated with increased rates of gastric cancer except: | Adenomatous polyps are unusual but carry the distinct potential for malignancy. They occur most often between the fifth and seventh decades of life. The adenocarcinoma sequence in gastric polyps is thought to be analogous to that of colonic polyps. An adenomatous polyp is a marker for increased risk of carcinoma in the... | 2 | Pernicious anemia | Multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN 1) | Adenomatous polyps | Chronic atrophic gastritis | Surgery | Stomach & Duodenum | 94c7d0b5-c931-4011-886d-606112434eee | multi |
Musculocutaneous nerve is injured at the lateral cord of brachial plexus, positive clinical findings would be: | B i.e. Sensory loss on the radial side of forearm | 2 | Loss of flexion at shoulder | Sensory loss on the radial side of the forearm | Loss of extension of forearm | Loss of extension of the wrist | Anatomy | null | 409e633a-5c76-4998-8de4-1771f8aed8ae | single |
H reflex on electromyography is seen in: | The H reflex is basically an electrophysiologically recorded Achilles tendon stretch reflex Is performed by stimulating the tibial nerve in popliteal fossa. It is recorded over the soleus or gastrocnemius muscles. It is used most commonly to evaluate S1 radiculopathy or to distinguish it from an L5 radiculopathy.i | 4 | L1 Radiculopathy | L4 Radiculopathy | L5 Radiculopathy | S1 Radiculopathy | Orthopaedics | Neuromuscular disorders | 526b8fb7-0b81-4bb6-ad49-de152029f76f | single |
Which of the following is a nonculturalable fungus? | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Rhinosporidium . Rhinosporidium seeberi has not been cultivated in media. . Blastospores (Blastoconidia) are formed by cladosporum. . Chlamydospores (Chlamydoconidia) are formed by Candida albicans. Phialoconidia are formed by Aspergillus fumigatus | 1 | Rhinosporidium | Candida | Sporothrix | Penicillium | Microbiology | null | 45b42413-036c-42fd-9275-1d336b9782c1 | single |
The forensic examination of a rape victim doctors to comment on the size and laxity of the hymen using the finger test is: | Standard templates for forensic examination have been developed by the Maharashtra and Delhi state governments and the Indian Medical Association. These, however, continue to refer to the "moral character" of a woman by requiring doctors to comment on the size and laxity of the hymen and the finger test indicating "hab... | 3 | Can prove the moral character of the victim | Can indicate habituation of sexual intercourse | Scientifically proved redundant and should not be used | Are required by the Indian law | Forensic Medicine | null | 4a6d23cc-13f3-4026-9185-b7c6124924ea | multi |
Weber ferguson approach is used for? | ANSWER: (B) MaxillectomyREF: Atlas of head & neck surgery - otolaryngology 2nd edition by Byron J. Bailey page 26WEBER FERGUSON APPROACH:This approach involves an extension of the lateral rhinotomy incision that includes the splitting of upperlip.Indications: Exenteration of maxilla for total or subtotal maxillectomy (... | 2 | Mastoidectomy | Maxillectomy | Myringoplasty | Mandibulectomy | ENT | Operative Surgery | 43320376-ff73-4891-951a-5aaddb6a8862 | single |
All of the following explains diagnosis of Asthma except | DLCO is normal in Asthma. | 4 | After administering bronchodilator FEV1 increase to > 200mL within 15 minutes | PEFR shows diurnal variation of >20% | >12% reversibility in FEV1 on administering bronchodilator | Diffusion Lung Capacity for carbon monoxide is decreased | Medicine | null | d0078850-da9a-4850-a9af-cb77c7377ed4 | multi |
Psychiatric complications of alcohol dependence : | A i.e. Anxiety; B i.e. Suicide; C i.e. Depression | 4 | Anxiety | Suicide | Depression | All | Psychiatry | null | 76e4fd9b-b0ae-49ad-89aa-bb048c84dd6a | multi |
'Pearl-index' for accidental pregnancies failure per: | (100 - women - year of exposure): Ref: (439-Park 20th)"PEARL - INDEX" defined as the number of "failure per 100 women years of exposure (HWY)"Failure rate per HWY =Total accidental pregnanciesTotal months of exposurex l200* The total accidental pregnancies shows in the Numerator must include every known conception.* Th... | 3 | 10 women-years of exposure | 12 women-years of exposure | 100 women - years of exposure | 120 women - years of exposure | Social & Preventive Medicine | Demography and Family Planning | 9f11af4d-dbf6-4167-9d64-0c2d007a755b | single |
Socialization of medicine includes all of the following except: | Ans. a. Ensures complete utilization of services by all people (Ref: Park 21st/9; Paul Burleigh Horton, Gerald R. Leslie. The Sociology of Social Problems/p59)Socialization of medicine does not ensure complete utilization of health services by all people (AllMS November 2006 Repeat)''Socialized medicine describes a sys... | 1 | Ensure complete utilization of services by all people | Free medical care supported by state | Eliminates the competition among physicians in search of clients | Not sufficient in itself to ensure complete utilization of health services | Social & Preventive Medicine | Concept of Health and Disease | 8249af33-042c-4030-80e3-334556755784 | multi |
Crack-Nut oesophagus seen in - | null | 2 | Carcinoma oesophagus | Cardiospam | Achalasia cardia | Barrett's oesophagus | Medicine | null | fde380fe-8377-429d-8bca-af5435c6d987 | single |
Kupffer cells in liver are responsible for:September 2007 | Ans. D: Phagocytic functionsKupffer cells/Browicz-Kupffer cells are specialized macrophages located in the liver lining the walls of the sinusoids that form pa of the reticuloendothelial system. | 4 | Lytic functions | Excretory functions | Absorptive functions | Phagocytic functions | Pathology | null | 4bfe7c2c-65a1-4f61-ab68-8517b2ff9a59 | single |
BAse substitution mutations can have been following molecular consequence except | A substitution is a mutation that exchanges one base for another (i.e., a change in a single "chemical letter" such as switching an A to a G). Such a substitution could:Change a codon to one that encodes a different amino acid and causes a small change in the protein produced. For example, sickle cell anemia is caused ... | 3 | Changes one codon for an amino acid into another codon for that same amino acid | Codon for one amino acid is change into a codon of another amino acid | Reading frame changes downstream to the mutant site | Codon for one amino acid is changed into a translation termination codon | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids | ae7222a4-9566-4e65-99a7-45e01c9fddbe | multi |
Episodic vertigo, tinnitus and normal hearing is characteristic feature of - | null | 2 | Acoustic neuroma | Meniere's disease | Vestibular neuritis | All of the above | ENT | null | f52be282-4f35-4027-909a-c562c39b6942 | multi |
Sullivan's index indicates | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Life free of disability Sullivan's index Sullivan's index is the expectation of life free of disability. It is computed by subtracting from the life expectancy the probable duration of bed disability and inability to perform major activities. Sullivan's index = life expectancy-- Duration ofbed disabil... | 3 | Life free of disability | Pregnancy rate per HW | Hook worm eggs/gm of stool | Standard of living | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 0a03de3f-15a8-4ba7-9213-059b3ed3bce2 | single |
A 28-year-old lady with Uhthoff phenomenon MRI shows. | Ans. (c) Dawson fingers.Image source - style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, serif"> | 3 | Devic's disease | Marburg disease | Dawson fingers | Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis | Medicine | Multiple Sclerosis | f768e764-35ab-4e6f-8c2b-d3b1c1c9c241 | single |
A set of statements for monitoring progress towards goal completion is referred to as: | Programme | 3 | Targets | Objective | Programme | Procedure | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 04670375-f1fd-45e8-ab5c-f1f71fe462f7 | multi |
Which of the following is transmitted through foramen spinosum - | Structures passing through foramen spinosum are:-
Middle meningeal artery
Emissary vein
Nervus spinosus (a meningeal branch of mandibular nerve) | 1 | Middle meningeal artery | Internal carotid artery | Facial nerve | Mandibular nerve | Anatomy | null | 86914f08-fad7-49f8-b141-2d1ec5a0bb98 | single |
&;BEATING HEA DONOR&; refers to | THE BEATING-HEA DONOR: After brain stem death has been established, the retention of the patient on the ventilator facilitates a fully oxygenated cadaver transplant, the so-called "beating-hea donor". The results of the transplant are much improved. This has no legal sanction. Ref:- k s narayan reddy; pg num:-136 | 4 | Molecular death | Vegetative state | Cerebral death | Brain stem death | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes | ce9d61a9-84df-4b9e-bfaf-d4952966826e | single |
The ovarian tumour diagnosed after delivery should be removed : | Within 48 hours of delivery | 2 | Immediately after the 3rd stage | Within 48 hours of delivery | After one week | Only after 6 weeks | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | be4ae6a5-ee00-43ce-bd37-90871c611a7a | single |
Vigabatrine is drug of choice for | Ans. is'c'i.e., Infantile spasmRef: Harrison 18n/e p. 3262, 3266Vigabatrin is DOC for infantile spasm. | 3 | Febrile seizures | Myoclonic epilepsy | Infantile spasm | Paial seizures | Pharmacology | null | 09b965bd-1759-4433-a5c8-c0fbce15d477 | single |
Not true about NEC:- | The distal pa of ileum & the proximal segment of colon are involved most frequently. Option 2- Greatest risk factor for development of NEC is prematurity. Other risk factors include formula feed, aggressive enteral nutrition advancement, hyperosmolar feeds, intestinal ischemia , maternal cocaine use etc. Option 3- 10% ... | 1 | The distal pa of colon is the most frequently involved segment. | Greatest risk factor for NEC is prematurity | NEC may be seen in term infants | Aggressive formula feeding may predispose to the development of NEC | Pediatrics | Paediatrics | 3f86597d-95ab-4616-8fbd-b661bbd946ca | multi |
A neonate has ABO incompatibility. Peripheral smear will showaEUR' | Microspherocytes ABO incompatibilityis usually a mild hemolytic disease that causes mild to moderate anemia. Ilemolysis associated with ABO incompatibility exclusively occurs in type "0" mothers with fetuses who have type A or type B blood. - The naturally occurring antibodies in ABO blood group (A, B, AB) is of the "I... | 1 | Microspherocytes | Elliptocytes | Fragmented RBCs | Polychromophilia | Pediatrics | null | 371854e4-89b5-4c94-b79c-88453eac5401 | single |
Ureter develops from which of the following embryologic structure? | Ureteric bud arise from the mesonephric ducts. The ureter is derived from the pa of ureteric bud that lies between the pelvis of the kidney, and the vesico-urethral canal. The permanent kidneys develop from 2 sources, both of which are of mesodermal origin. 1) The metanephric diveiculum (ureteric bud). 2)The metanephri... | 2 | Mesonephric tubules | Mesonephric duct | Urogenital sinus | Paramesonephric duct | Anatomy | null | 1012026a-76d8-4152-95dd-17d3bbff65b5 | single |
Erotomania is seen in: | Erotomania (Delusions of Love) is usually seen in schizophrenia and delusional disorder. Patients with erotomania have a false belief that some one is in love with them. It is also known as de Clerambault syndrome/Fantasy lover syndrome. For example, a rickshaw puller claimed that Katrina Kaif is in love with him thoug... | 1 | Schizophrenia | Mania | Neurosis | Obsessive compulsive disorder | Psychiatry | Basics of Psychiatry | 9e397713-7c03-4f54-aab8-44f3bb5f19ed | single |
Which of the following drugs is both antiresoptiveand bone formative? | Strontium Ranelate Osteoporosis is an abnormal decrease in amount orbone, but whatever left, is of normal quality. It results from bone loss due to age related changes in bone remodelling. In adult bones, remodelling is the principal metabolic skeletal process. - During remodelling the bone is ,first resorbed by osteoc... | 1 | Strontium ranelate | Calcitonin | Ibadronate | Teriperatide | Pharmacology | null | 5098db99-d9f8-4eb3-b558-7d2c406cef9b | multi |
Substance with same atomic number but different mass number | Ans. a (Isotope). (Ref. Radioactive isotope in medicine and biology by Quimby, 2nd ed., 26)TermDefinitionIsotopesAtoms having same atomic numbers, different mass numbers (hence different neutron number) e.g., 17CI35, 17CI37 (same no.of protons and electrons)IsobarsAtoms having same mass numbers, different atomic number... | 1 | Isotope | Isobar | Atom | Mineral | Radiology | Nuclear Medicine | a8cb66d9-4fee-40a9-97e1-cf726cac0e5a | single |
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