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Laparotomy performed in a case of ovarian tumor revealed unilateral ovarian tumor with ascites positive for malignant cells and positive pelvic lymph nodes. All other structures were free of disease. What is stage of the disease :
Ans. is d i.e. Stage III C
4
Stage 11 c
Stage III a
Stage Ill b
Stage III c
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
77367ec2-aea7-4889-9e0e-57c5b10f6f43
multi
Drug with both antidepressant and antipsychotic propeies is?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Amoxapine o Amoxapine is the only antidepressant which blocks D2 receptors along with inhibition of NA reuptake --> has mixed antidepressant + neurolepic propey.
2
Buspirone
Amoxapine
Trazodone
Minaserine
Pharmacology
null
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multi
A 45-year-old woman undergoes cardiac catheterization through a right femoral approach. Two months later, she complains of right lower extremity swelling and notes the appearance of multiple varicosities. On examination, a bruit is heard over the right groin. What is the most likely diagnosis?
A traumatic AV fistula results from a penetrating injury to adjacent artery and vein, permitting blood flow from the injured artery into the vein. The iatrogenic injury in this case occurred during cardiac catheterization. Femoral artery thrombosis results in signs of limb ischemia. A bruit is usually not heard with ve...
3
Femoral artery thrombosis
Superficial venous insufficiency
Arteriovenous (AV) fistula
Pseudoaneurysm
Surgery
Arterial Disorders
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single
Wallerian degeneration is seen in
Ans is 'c' Part of nerve not attached to cell body When an injury occurs in an axon the axon and the myelin sheath distal to the point of injury undergoes wallerian degeneration.Some of you might be confused with the sentence "part of nerve not attached to the cell body".Cell body is the most proximal part of a nerve f...
3
part of nerve attached to cell body in a nerve that is cut peripheraly
cell body that is not attached to the nerve that is cut
part of nerve not attached to cell body
cell body that is attached to the nerve that is cut
Pathology
Peripheral Nerve & Skeletal Muscles
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multi
Which of in following is the least common cause of ARDS
Ans. is 'd' i.e., All of above Pulmonary edema not originating from hea Causes Severe pneumonia followed by sepsis (MC.) Shock Tissue injury Aspiration Toxin Microthrombi Intravascular coagulation, uremia, raise ICT Increase permeability of alveolar capillarymembrane. Feature Initially symptoms are less & lung clear. L...
4
Aspiration
Severe pneumonia with sepsis
shock
All of above
Pediatrics
null
05612097-bf30-422f-b376-00b8da33462a
multi
Octant rule is related to ?
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Spectroscopy Ultroviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-sis) can distinguish between enantiomers by showing a distinct cotton effect for each isomer.UV-sis spectroscopy sees only chromophores, so other molecules must be prepared for analysis by chemical addition of a chromophores such as antracene.Two metho...
1
Spectroscopy
Chromatography
Electroscopy
null
Biochemistry
null
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multi
A complete denture patient presents with angular cheilitis. A review of recent medical examination revealed that vitamin deficiency is not a factor. A possible predisposing factor is _____.
A closed or insufficient vertical dimension of occlusion is thought to be one predisposing condition for angular cheilitis, which usually is associated with Candida albicans. Improperly balanced occlusion or poor contour of the denture base are not predisposing conditions for angular cheilitis.
2
Excessive vertical dimension of occlusion
A closed or insufficient vertical dimension of occlusion
Improper balance of the occlusion
Poor contour of the denture base
Dental
null
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Which does not happen in unilateral renal trauma?
Ans (b) UremiaComplications of renal trauma:* Urinoma is the MC complication* Delayed bleeding* Urinary fistula and abscess.* Hydronephrosis* Pyonephrosis* AV fistula* Delayed Hypertension* Stone formation
2
Hypertension
Uremia
Clot formation
Perinephric hematoma
Surgery
Kidney & Ureturs
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Drug induced portal hypertension is seen with -
Normal doses of vitamin A are not associated with liver injury or liver test abnormalities, but higher doses can be toxic Mechanism of Injury • Excess vitamin A is stored in stellate cells in the liver and accumulation can lead to their activation and hypertrophy, excess collagen production, fibrosis and liver injury. ...
1
Vitamin A toxicity
Methotrexate
Aldomet
Valproic acid
Surgery
null
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single
Taeniae coli is found is
(Ascending colon) (254-BDC-2 4th)Differences between small intestine and the large intestineFeaturesSmall IntestineLarge Intestine1. Appendices epiploicaeAbsentPresent*2. Taeniae coliAbsentPresent*3. SacculationsAbsentPresent4. DistensibilityLessMore5. FixityGreater part is freely mobileGreater part is fixed6. VilliPre...
4
Duodenum
Jejunum
Ileum
Ascending colon
Anatomy
Abdomen & Pelvis
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single
In an intussusception, the term intussuscipiens refers to:
Ans: C (The outer tube) Ref: Bailey & Love's Short Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition pg. 1191Explanation:Intussuscipiens refers to the sheath or outer tube of intussusceptionIntussusceptionPortion of the gut becomes invaginated within an immediately adjacent segment.Usually the proximal segment gets invaginated into th...
3
The inner tube
The middle tube
The outer tube
The entire complex of intussusception
Surgery
Intestinal Obstruction
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In a normal person at resting condition GFR is
The GFR in a healthy person of average size is approximately 125 mL/min.
1
125 ml/min
90 ml/min
60 ml/min
150 ml/min
Physiology
null
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Following liver transplantation, recurrence of primary- disease in the liver most likely occurs in -
Autoimmune hepatitis Autoimmune hepatitis is a disease of immune-mediated liver injury characterised by the presence of serum antibodies and peripheral blood T lymphocytes reactive with self-proteins, a strong association with other autoimmune diseases , and high levels of serum immunoglobulins - in paicular, elevation...
2
Wilson's disease
Autoimmune hepatitis
Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency
Primary biliary cirrhosis
Medicine
G.I.T
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The most common presentation of double aortic arch in infants is ?
Double aortic arch Congenital abnormalities of the aortic arch and its major branches result in the formation of vascular rings around the trachea and esophagus with varying degrees of compression. The most common cause is a double aortic arch. Double aortic arch results when right dorsal aorta persists distal to the...
2
Dysphagia
Tracheal compression symptoms
Positional hyperemia with right upper arm oedema
Bleeding
Pediatrics
null
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Recommended drug for cholera chemoprophylaxis is:
The recommended drug for cholera chemoprophylaxis is tetracycline. Alternatively doxycycline may also be used. Ref: Park 21st edition, page 211.
1
Tetracycline
Doxycycline
Erythromycin
Azithromycin
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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One of the following is characterised by RIM sign -
null
1
Hydronephrosis (Gross)
Hypernephroma
Chronic pyelonephritis
Polycystic kidney
Surgery
null
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Most common cause of menorrhagia in chilbearing period:
About 10-15% women experiences episodes ofDUB in the reproductive years of their life.It is common during extremes of reproductive life following pregnancy,during lactation. The endometral abnormalities may be primary or secondary to incoordination in the hypothalamo-pituatary ovarian axis. It is thus more prevalent in...
2
Fibroid
Dysfunctional uterine bleeding
Pelvic endometriosis
Adenomyosis
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Disorders of menstruation
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The dosage of Vitamin A in keratomalacia in a 2 year old boy who is 12 kg weight is
Xerophthalmia:- * Spectrum of ocular disease ranging from night blindness to corneal melting caused by vitamin A deficiency. Who Classification of Xerophthalmia: - XN:- Night blindness X1A:- Conjunctival xerosis X1B:- Bitot's spots X2:- Corneal xerosis X3A:- Corneal ulceration- keratomalacia involving one- third/ less ...
1
Vitamin A :2 lakh IU, oral, 1st, 2nd and 14th day
Vitamin A :2 lakh IU, oral , 1st, 2nd and 3rd day
Vitamin A :1 lakh IU, oral, 1st, 2nd and 14th day
Vitamin A :1 lakh IU, oral, 1st, 2nd and 3rd day
Ophthalmology
Neuro-ophthalmology
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No trail closure is necessary with which one of the technique during denture fabrication:
null
2
Compression moulding technique
Injection moulding technique
Fluid resin technique
Light cured technique
Dental
null
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For the cold testing maximum time of application of cold is:
null
3
5sec
10sec
15sec
20sec
Dental
null
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single
Most impoant factor for maintaining intravascular fluid volume -
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Osmotic pressure in capillaries[Ref: Understanding medical physiology p. 331)Hydrostatic pressure in the capillaries, i.e., capillary blood pressure creates an outward driving force i.e., tries to force the fluid from the capillary to interstitial space.Osmotic pressure in the capillaries creates an i...
2
Hydrostatic pressure in capillaries
Osmotic pressure in capillaries
Hydrostatic pressure in interstitial space
Osmotic pressure in interstitial space
Physiology
null
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Quiscence of the uterine musculature is :
Progesterone is responsible for maintaining quiscence (relaxation) of uterine musculature This function of progesterone has been put to use for prevention of aboions: oral, injectable or vaginal micronised progesterones prevention of preterm labour in patients with high risk of preterm delivery like those with past his...
1
Enhanced by progesterone
Enhanced by oestrogen
Inhibited by Progesterone
Enhanced by oestrogen and inhibited by progesterone
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Physiological Changes of Pregnancy
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All of the following are true regarding histological features of asbestosis, except:
Histological features of Asbestosis: Marked by diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis, which is indistinguishable from diffuse interstitial fibrosis resulting from other causes, except for the presence of multiple asbestos bodies. Asbestos bodies are golden brown, fusiform or beaded rods with a translucent center and ...
2
Diffuse pulmonary interstitial fibrosis
Asbestos bodies are consist of asbestos fibers coated with an calcium-containing material
Fibrosis begins around respiratory bronchioles and alveolar ducts and extends to involve adjacent alveolar sacs and alveoli
Pleural plaques are collections of dense collagen
Pathology
Interstitial lung diseases
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Greenhouse gases are called as such because they -
A greenhouse gas (sometimes abbreted GHG) is a gas that absorbs and emits radiant energy within the thermal infrared range. Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in Eah's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. Without greenhouse gases, the aver...
4
Are used in warming plant growth chambers
Help inmaintaining atmosphereic O2 and CO2 balance
Ar produced by green photosynthesizing plants and are trapped in the eah's atmosphere
Prevent the escape of heat waves reradiated from the eah's surface
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
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multi
Coup-de Sabre is commonly associated with:
Systemic sclerosis Occasionally, the lesions occur as linear bands or ribbons on the face, particularly the forehead, on the chest and trunk or on an extremity. This has been termed linear scleroderma. Such a band, made up of a furrow with an elevated ridge on one side, is often termed a coup de sabre, since it resembl...
3
Scleroderma
Pemphigus
Systemic sclerosis
None of the above
Pathology
null
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A term, otherwise well neonate was found to have a total serum bilirubin of 17 mg/dl. So he was admitted in NICU and staed on some treatment. All of the following can be adverse effects of the treatment administered EXCEPT?
Cut - off Levels (In an otherwise healthy neonate) Age Photo-Therapy Exchange Transfusion 24 - 48 hrs > 15 mg/dl > 20 mg/dl 48 - 72 hrs > 18 mg/dl > 25 mg/dl > 72 hrs > 20 mg/dl >25 mg/dl So, this baby must have been staed on Phototherapy. Adverse Effects Of Phototherapy - Bronze baby syndrome (in c/o conjugated hyperb...
2
Bronze baby syndrome
Hypercalcemia
Dehydration
Retinal toxicity
Pediatrics
Paediatrics
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The medial meniscus of the knee joint is injured more often than the lateral meniscus because the medial meniscus is relative -
Medial meniscus is more frequently injured than lateral meniscus because : - The medial meniscus is securely attached around the entire periphery of the joint capsule, which makes it less mobile. Whereas the lateral meniscus is more mobile and has no weak point between a movable and relatively fixed point. Popliteus ...
2
More mobile
Less mobile
Thinner
Attached lightly to femur
Orthopaedics
null
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Hereditary pancreatitis is characterised by all of the following except
Hereditary pancreatitis: Is a autosomal dominant condition. Hereditary factors are increasingly being recognized as a significant cause of pancreatitis. Hereditary pancreatitis is characterized by recurrent attacks of severe acute pancreatitis often beginning in childhood and ultimately leading to chronic pancreatitis....
1
Autosomal recessive inheritance
Increased risk of pancreatic cancer
80% penetrance
Increased risk of chronic pancreatitis
Pathology
JIPMER 2017
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A child with a history of pain over lower extremities since few moths shows radiological evidence of osteosarcoma. Most common site of osteosarcoma is:
The classic form of osteosarcoma is typically seen in patients in their second or third decade, with a peak in the adolescent growth spu. It occurs more frequently in males than in females and is found in the metaphyseal areas of long bones, with 50% of lesions seen about the knee joint. The distal femur is the most co...
2
Upper end of femur
Lower end of femur
Lower end of fibula
Lower end of tibia
Surgery
null
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single
A 33-year-old male patient complains of feeling severe pain when he tries to turn his neck. The physician realizes that the problem is in his pivot (trochoid) joint. Which of the following joints would most likely be examined?
The atlantoaxial joint is the pivot or trochoid joint. The atlantooccipital joints are the condyloid (ellipsoidal) joints, The carpometacarpal joint of the thumb is the saddle (sellar) joint, The proximal tibiofibular joint is the plane (gliding) joint.
2
Atlantooccipital joint
Atlantoaxial joint
Carpometacarpal joint
Proximal tibiofibular joint
Anatomy
Bones and Joints
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Following is false about aripiprazole except ?
Ans. is `d' i.e., It is the drug of choice in treatment of acute mania Atypical antipsychotics --> Olanzapine, risperidone, aripiprazole or quetiapine with or without benzodiazepine is the treatment of choice for acute mania. Aripiprazole Only antipsychotic with D2 agonistic activity. (all others are D2 antagonists). L...
4
Only antipsychotic with D1 agonistic activity
It has 5HT1A antagonistic action
It has maximum sedating potential
It is the drug of choice in treatment of acute mania
Pharmacology
null
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multi
Which of the following complications can occur as a result of passage of meconium in utero?
Meconium aspiration syndrome (MAS) is characterized by early onset of respiratory distress and hypoxemia in a meconium stained term infant. Complications of Meconium Aspiration Syndrome (MAS): * Persistent pulmonary hypeension * Air leak: pneumomediastinum, pneumothorax, cystic lung disease, obstructive emphysema * Pul...
1
Obstructive emphysema
Meconium ileus
Neoratal hepatitis
IUGR
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
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Gas responsible for Bhopal Gas tragedy was:
Methyl isocyanate
1
Methyl isocyanate
Potassium isocyanate
Sodium isocyanate
Ethyl isocyanate
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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single
Bradycardia is most commonly treated with which of the following drugs
null
2
Epinephrine
Atropine
A diuretic
A potent vasadilator
Pharmacology
null
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single
Which of the following anaesthetic agents have good analgesic property ?a) Ketamineb) Nitrous oxidec) Thiopentoned) Propofole) Midazolam
General anaesthetics with analgesic action → ketamine, trilene (trichloro ethylene), N2O, ether.
1
ab
a
ad
bc
Anaesthesia
null
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single
Which of the following opens inlet of larynx
null
1
Thyroepiglottic
Triangular muscle
Cricothyroid
Lateral cricoarytenoid muscle
Anatomy
null
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A 45-year-old man is admitted to the hospital for the evaluation of diplopia, weakness of his lower extremities, and gait difficulties. During the interview, the patient reveals that he has been forcing himself to vomit after almost every meal over the last 6 weeks. He denies associated eye pain and discomfo, headache,...
Thiamine (vitamin B1) is conveed intracellularly to its active form, thiamine pyrophosphate, which is an essential cofactor in intermediate carbohydrate metabolism. Thiamine acts as a coenzyme for enzymes involved in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, which plays a critical role in the production of energy from food, and th...
4
Glycogen phosphorylase
L-methylmalonyl-CoA mutase
Methionine synthase
Pyruvate dehydrogenase
Biochemistry
null
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multi
A soft contact lens wearer developed pain & itching of the eye & showed a reticular pattern on the corneal epithelium the cause could be:
Typical reticular pattern due to radial keratoneuritis (Radial perineuritis). Due to this, the pain is very severe (neurological due to perineuritis) which is out of propoion to the degree of inflammation. Later, reticular superficial keratitis advanced to ring-shaped lesion in central or paracentral region.
2
Corneal dystrophy
Acanthamoeba
Pseudomonas
Recurrent
Ophthalmology
null
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All are seen in 3rd nerve palsy except:
C i.e. Miosis 3rd (occulomotor) nerve innervates 4 extraocular muscles (i.e. RIMS = rectus of inferior, medial & superior; and inferior oblique) in addition to levator pulpebrae and pupillary sphincter. - So when the palsy is complete, there is complete ptosis with a dilated pupil that responds neither to light nor nea...
3
Ptosis
Diplopia
Miosis
Outward detion of eye
Ophthalmology
null
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Which of the following is the most likely reason for pharmacokinetic tolerance?
The most common cause of pharmacokinetic tolerance is an increase in the metabolism of the drug. Since these same enzymes can then metabolize other drugs, this kind of tolerance is not necessarily specific to the drug that induced it.
4
changes in absorption
changes in distribution
changes specific to that drug
changes in metabolism
Medicine
Kidney
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Vasospasm is the cause of -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Variant anginaAngina pectoris o Angina pectoris is a symptom complex of IHD characterized by paroxysmal and usually recurrent attacks of substernal or precordial chest discomfo caused by transient myocardial ischemia.o There are three patterns of anginaClassical stable anginaUnstable anginaPrinzmetal ...
3
Stable angina
Unstable angina
Variant angina
Classical angina
Pathology
null
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Commonest site for carcinoma of tongue is:
null
1
Lateral margin
Tip of tongue
Posterior 1/3
Ventral surface
Pathology
null
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All of the following drugs useful in the treatment of a patient with acute bronchial asthma except
Ans. is 'c' i.e. Montelukast Montelukast (and Zafirlukast) is a Leukotriene receptor antagonist Leukotrienes mediate many of the critical elements of asthma. They are potent bronchoconstrictor. Montelukast (and Zafirlukast) are effective in blocking their action. These drugs provide protection against exercise induced ...
3
Ipratropium
Salbutamol
Montelukast
Hydrocortisone
Medicine
Asthma
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In a case controlled study, it is found that the disease is more common in the group taking coffee as compared to the control group. The significance of this is:
Ans is 'c' i.e. Caffeine is associated with the occurrence of the diseases [Ref: Park 20/e, p 69 (18/e, p 68, 17/e p64, 16/e,p62)[Cause and effect relationship is not established by case control study. It can be established by cohort study. A case control study cannot distinguish between causal factors and associated f...
3
Cause and effect relationship established
Disease median can be calculated
Caffeine is associated with occurrence of disease
Controls will not get the disease
Social & Preventive Medicine
Analytical Epidemiology
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Which reflex is being tested here?
Finger flexor reflex/Hoffmann's reflex with patient's hand in supination. It involves loosely holding the middle finger and flicking the fingernail downward, allowing the middle finger to flick upward reflexively. A positive response is seen when there is flexion and adduction of thumb on same hand. Brachioradialis ref...
3
Brachioradialis Reflex
Waenberg sign
Finger flexor Reflex
Supinator reflex
Medicine
Brain Hemorrhage
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Mechanism of action of levosimendan include:
Ans. (B) K channel opener(Ref: Katzung 11th/e p.221)Levosimendan is an inodilator that act by[?]Ca2+ sensitizing action by binding to troponin-C (inotropic action)[?]K+ Channel opening action -- (responsible for vasodilation)
2
Na channel opener
K channel opener
Beta blocker
Beta 1 agonist
Pharmacology
C.V.S
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single
USG is done to visualize all except-
Ans. is 'd' i.e., BoneStructures on USGo Regions of body distal to highly attenuating structures, such as bone or gas, appear dark on image because of shadowing As most of the sound beams are reflected by highly attenuating structures, little is available for imaging of deeper structures. It is referred to as Acoustic ...
4
Fluid
Bile
Blood flow
Bone
Radiology
Ultrasonography, CT, and MRI
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Amnesia, fugue, and multiple personality are all classified as which behaviour disorder?
In dissosiation when the patient faces a stress the psychological pain is conveed to sudden change in ones identity which can be a change in the form of memory, motor behaviour or one's identity Dissociative Amnesia u Most common type u adolescents / younger adults u Female>male u Abrupt onset, abrupt termination, few ...
2
Personality disorders
Dissociative disorders
Psychotic disorders
Organic mental disorders
Psychiatry
All India exam
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Therapeutic indication of Donepezil:
Ans. B. Alzheimer'sDonepezil, rivastigmine and galantamine are the drugs given in case of Alzheimer's, they are cerebro selective anticholinesterase which increase the level of acetylcholine in the cortex.
2
Parkinsonism
Alzheimer's
Multiple sclerosis
Myasthenia gravis
Pharmacology
C.N.S
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Nagler reaction is shown by:
Ans. is. b' i. e. Cl. perfringens
2
Cl. difficle
Cl. perfringens
Cl. tetani
Cl. butryicum
Microbiology
null
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At PHC level, a woman who complains of spotting following Intrauterine contraceptive device inseion should be advised
The commonest complaint of women fitted with an IUD is increased vaginal bleeding.Usually bleeding or spotting between periods settles within 1-2 months.The patient who is experiencing the bleeding episodes should receive iron tablets.Ref: Park 23rd edition pg: 498
3
Analgesics and observation
Antibiotics and observation
Iron supplements and observation
Removal of IUCD
Social & Preventive Medicine
Concept of health and disease
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Impoant difference between leuprolide and ganirelix is that ganirelix
Superactive / long-acting GnRH agonists Many analogues of GnRH, e.g. Goserelin, Leuprolide,Nafarelin, Triptorelin, have longer action (t 1/2 2-6 hours) because of high affinity for GnRH receptor and resistance to enzymatic hydrolysis. Because physiological release of GnRH is in pulses, whereas these agonists act contin...
2
Can be given orally
Immediately reduces gonadotropin secretion
Must be given in a pulsatile fashion
Initially stimulates release of LH and FSH
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
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Myringotomy is indicated in:
(c) ASOM(Ref. Scott Brown, 8th ed., Vol 2; 143)Myringotomy is indicated in ASOM. Another indication of doing Myringotomy is in serous Otitis media (SOM). Here in SOM Myringotomy along with grommet insertion is done.
3
Coalescent mastoiditis
Cholesteatoma
ASOM
External otitis media
ENT
Operative Surgery
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Which of the following is an impoant functional parameter of pain receptors?
Pain receptors exhibit little or no functional adaptation. Its impoance is that it allows the pain to keep the person apprised of a tissue-damaging stimulus as long as it persists.
1
Exhibit little or no adaptation
Not affected by muscle tension
Signal only flexion at joint capsules
Can voluntarily be inhibited
Physiology
Physiology of Pain
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All of the following statements about an alpha?glucosidase inhibitor are true except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Hypoglycemia is a serious and common side effect Alpha glucosidase inhibitors: acarbose: Miglital These are a class of oral glucose lowering agents that reduce postprandial hyperglycemia by delaying glucose absorption. o They are FDA approved for use in individuals with type -2 diabetes as monotherapy...
3
Reduces intestinal absorption of carbohydrates
Effective in both type 1 & 2 diabetes
Hypoglycemia is a common & serious side effect
Can be used with other oral Hypoglycemic Agents
Pharmacology
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Genes involved in the development of colon carcinoma includes all of the following, except:
DPC4 gene is on chromosome 18q, inactivation of this gene is associated with the development of pancreatic cancer. DPC4 gene encodes for a protein Smad4, which is involved in transforming growth factor beta signaling. APC gene, Beta-Catenin gene, K-ras mutation and Mismatch repair genes all are involved in the developm...
2
APC
DPC4
K-ras
Mismatch Repair Genes
Surgery
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Hydatid cyst is commonly seen in: September 2011
Ans. B: Liver The majority of hydatid cysts occur in the liver Echinococcosis/Hydatid disease/Echinococcal disease There are three different forms of echinococcosis found in humans, each of which is caused by the larval stages of different species of the tapeworm of genus Echinococcus. The first of the three and also t...
2
Lungs
Liver
Spleen
Hea
Microbiology
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Earliest histological change in MI -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Waviness of fibersVariable waviness of fibres at border is the earliest histological finding (see tables of previous explanation).
3
Macrophage infiltration
Neutrophilic infiltration
Waviness of fibers
Coagulative necrosis
Pathology
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Tuberculin test screens for
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2
Humoral immunity
Cell mediated immunity
Complement function
Phagocyte dysfunction
Microbiology
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Using Naegele rule, calculate the due date if last menstrual date is july 5th?
A quick estimate of a pregnancy due date based on menstrual data can be made as follows: add 7 days to the first day of the last period and subtract 3 months. For example, if the first day of the last menses was July 5, the due date is 07 minus 3 (months) with 05 plus 7 (days) = 04-12, or April 12 of the following year...
4
October 8th
April 8th
October 12th
April 12th
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
All India exam
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Innervated structures of joints are all EXCEPT:
Articular cartilage is devoid of neurovascular bundle.
3
Synovium
Capsule
Articular cartilage
Ligaments
Anatomy
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Reversible change from on cell type to other is known as -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Metaplesia Metaplasia is an adaptive change in which one adult (mature) cell type is replaced by another adult (mature) cell. It is completely reversible
3
Hyperplesia
Hyperophy
Metaplesia
Dysplasia
Pathology
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A patient presents with ataxia, urinary incontinence, and dementia.The likely diagnosis is:
Ans.D (Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus):Normal Pressure HydrocephalusThis is communicating hydrocephalus with an aqueduct of Sylvius caused by obstruction to the normal flow of CSF over the cerebral convexities and delayed absorption into the venous system.The CSF opening pressure is in the high normal range (Hence calle...
4
Alzheimer's Disease
Parkinson's disease
Steel Richardson syndrome
Normal Pressure Hydrocephalus
Psychiatry
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Subconjunctival cyst is seen in-
Parasitic cysts such as subconjunctival cysticercus hydatid cyst and filarial cyst are not infrequent in developing countries. melanoma and lentigo maligna (Hutchinson's freckle). Other common cystic lesions of the conjunctiva are:1. Congenital cystic lesions 2. Lymphatic cysts of conjunctiva. 3. Retention cysts 4. Epi...
2
Toxoplasmosis
Cysticercosis
Leishmaniasis
Chaga's disease
Ophthalmology
Conjunctiva
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All are primary colours except: September 2005
Ans. D: WhiteThe primary colors normally are red, green, and blue. Because white colour, spectral colour or even extraspectral colour can be produced after mixing them in various propoions.
4
Green
Blue
Red
White
Physiology
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A patient sustains a knife wound through the right fourth intercostals space, 2 cm to the right of the sternum. The area most likely penetrated by the knife is the
The right border of the heart is approximately 1 to 2 cm to the right of the right border of the sternum; therefore, the knife probably did not hit the heart. The middle lobe of the right lung extends from the level of the fourth costochondral junction to the level of the fifth intercostal space. The middle lobe is mos...
2
Right upper lobe of the lung
Right middle lobe of the lung
Right lower lobe of the lung
Right atrium of the heart
Unknown
null
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Cobblestone conjunctiva is seen in?
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Spring catarrh Vernal kerato conjunctivitis (spring cattarrh) Spring cattarrh is an allergic inflammation of conjunctiva which is characterized by recurrent, bilateral, interstitial, selflimiting conjunctivitis that becomes aggravated during spring and summer period. It is considered to be Type I hype...
2
Trachoma
Spring catarrah
Ophthalmia nodosa
Interstial keratitis
Anaesthesia
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A mesial/distal projection of cone adjustment during working length radiograph is indicated for which tooth?
When two superimposed canals are present (for example buccal and palatal canals of maxillary premolar, mesial canals of mandibular molar) one should take following steps: Take two individual radiographs with instrument placed in each canal. Take radiograph at different angulations, usually 20° to 40° at horizontal ang...
2
Maxillary anterior teeth
Maxillary molars with a mesiolingual canal
Mandibular incisors
None of the above
Dental
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Which muscle is commonly affected in raised intracranial pressure?
ABDUCENS Nerve is purely motor nerve It has longest intracranial course - (subarchanoid ) Hence in raised intra cranial tension first muscle to be paralysed is Lateral Rectus supplied by Abducens nerve False Localizing Sign
2
Superior oblique
Lateral rectus
Inferior oblique
Inferior rectus
Ophthalmology
Neuro Ophthalmology
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An endodontic reamer is least likely to fracture when inserted in a:
Irrigants perform physical and biologic functions. Dentin shavings get removed from canals by irrigation. Thus, they do not get packed at the apex of root canal. Instruments do not work properly in dry canals.  Their efficiency increases by use in wet canals.  Instruments are less likely to break when canal walls are l...
2
Dry, clean canal
Wet, clean canal
Wet, debris laden canal
Dry, debris laden canal
Dental
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IMNCI curative component does not include
Curative components under IMNCI Diarrhoea Pneumonia Measles Malaria Severe malnutrition.
3
Diarrhoea
Measles
Rubella
Malaria
Social & Preventive Medicine
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Vitamin B12 is not found in -
Vitamin B-12 is not found in foods of vegetable orgin.REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICAL 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 620
1
Soyabean
Milk
Meat
Fish
Social & Preventive Medicine
Nutrition and health
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A term newborn infant is noticed to be hypotonic, which of the following is the possible diagnosis
Galactosemia is a condition in which the body is unable to use ( Causes Galactosemia is an inherited disorder. This means it is passed down through families. If both parents carry a nonworking copy of the gene that can cause galactosemia, each of their children has a 25% (1 in 4) chance of being affected with it. There...
4
Turner's syndrome
Kugelberg Welander disease
Cephalhaematoma
Galactosaemia
Pediatrics
Genetic and genetic disorders
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FALSE about lepromin test is:
The test is performed by injecting intradermally 0.1 ml of lepromin into the inner aspect of the forearm of the individual. As a routine, the reaction is read at 48 hours and 21 days. Value of the lepromin test: Lepromin test is not a diagnostic test. The two drawbacks prevent iti being used for diagnosis are: positive...
3
It is performed by injecting 0.1 ml of lepromin intradermally
If diameter of redness >10 mm, test is positive
It is a diagnostic test
The test is of great value in estimating prognosis in leprosy cases of all types
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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What is the formula for parenteral iron therapy :
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1
4.4. X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl)
3.3. X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/ dl)
2.2 X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl)
1.1 X body weight (kg) X Hb deficit (g/dl)
Pharmacology
null
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A few months after receiving an IM injection a ladypresented to you with pain in both the shoulders. On examination there is sensory loss over bilateral shoulders with mild wasting of muscles. Which of the following vaccines is the likely cause?
This is a case of brachial neuritis following an injection of tetanus toxoid. Here there is dysfunction of the nerves supplying the arm or shoulder without involvement of the rest of the nervous system. The sensory loss is less prominent than the weakness. There may also be bilateral involvement of muscles with wasting...
1
Tetanus
Measles
MMR
BCG
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
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Anterior uveitis earliest lesion -
Ans. is 'a' i.e,, Aqueous flare o Aqueous flare is the earliest sign of acute anterior uveitis.o Keratic precipitates is the pathognomic sign of acute anterior uveitisClinical features of acute anterior uveitiso Acute anterior uveitis is the most common form of uveits, accounting for 60-70% of cases. It is characterize...
1
Aqueous flare
Keratic precipitates
Circumcomeal congestion
Blurring of vision
Ophthalmology
Uveal Tract
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Most common cause of upper GI bleed is
Most common cause of upper GI bleed is duodenal ulcer-33%. Other causes are gastric ulcer-21%, erosions-26%, mallery weis tears-4%, oesophageal varices-4%, tumours-0.5%, vascular lesions eg. Dieulafoy's disease-0.5% and others-5%. Reference : page 1063 Bailey and Love's sho practice of surgery 25th edition
1
Duodenal ulcer
CA stomach
Oesophageal varices
Erosive gastritis
Surgery
Urology
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Mental retardation is not seen in-
Ans. is `c' i.e., Hypopituitrism
3
Downs syndrome
Cretinism
Hypopituitarism
Bih asphyxia
Pediatrics
null
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Absorption of which of the following anti–malarial drug increases with food intake ?
null
2
Mefloquine
Lumefantrine
Chloroquine
Amodiaquine
Pharmacology
null
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Which of the following is the best tool to measure Communicability of an infection?
Secondary attack rate/ SAR is defined as the number of exposed persons developing the disease within the range of the incubation period, following exposure to the primary case. SAR= No. of exposed persons developing the disease within the range of the incubation period x 100 --------------------------------------------...
3
Prevalence rate
Primary attack rate
Secondary attack rate
Carrier rate
Social & Preventive Medicine
General Epidemiology
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Following are the features of chronic arsenic poisoning except -
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Black pigmentation of skin o There is patchy brown (not black) pigmentation of skin.o Chronic arsenic poisoning has four stages :First stage (nutritional and gastrointestinal disturbances) : The earliest sign is gradual emaciation. There is loss of appetite, nausea and intermittent vomiting and diarrh...
3
Emaciation
Conjunctivitis running nose
Black pigmentation of skin
Sensory motor polyneuropathy
Forensic Medicine
Forensic Toxicology - Concepts, Statutes, Evidence, and Techniques
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All are true about dengue except -
Lamivudine is not the drug of treatment. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. PAGE NO - 228
4
Aedes aegypti is the vector
Caused by flavivirus
Malnutrition is protective
Lamivudine is the drug of choice
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
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In hemolytic anemia what happens to skull bones ?
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Diploic space widnes In hemolytic anemia (e.g., thalassemia), diploic spaces in the skull are widened.
3
Outer table thickness
Diploic space narrows
Diploic sapce widness
None of the above
Pediatrics
null
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Renal calculi associated with proteus infection
Triple phosphate or struvite( Calcium phosphate with ammonium magnesium phosphate ) is smooth and diy white, grows in alkaline medium. Proteus being urea splitting organism splits urea to give ammonium which provides the required alkaline medium. Reference : page 1292 Bailey and Love's sho practice of surgery 26th edit...
2
Uric acid
Triple phosphate
Calcium oxalate
Xanthine
Surgery
Urology
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Tensor fascia lata supplied by:
Ans. b. Superior gluteal nerveInferior gluteal nerve (L5, SI, S2)Superior gluteal nerve (L4, L5, SI)Nerve to the quadratus femoris muscle (L4, L5, SI)Nerve to the obturator internus muscle (L5, SI, S2)* Leaves the pelvis through the greater sciatic foramen below the piriformis* Leaves the pelvis through the greater sci...
2
Inferior gluteal nerve
Superior gluteal nerve
Nerve to quadratus femoris
Nerve to obturator internus
Anatomy
Embryology
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A 25-year-old G1P0 woman delivers a 4000 g infant, and encounters a shoulder dystocia. Which of the following is a risk factor for this condition
Gestational diabetes is a risk factor because the fetal shoulders and abdomen are dispropoionately bigger than the head, therefore the head may pass through with no problems, yet it is quite difficult to deliver the anterior shoulder since it is lodged behind the maternal symphysis pubis. The McRobes maneuver and appli...
4
Fetal hydrocephalus
Fetal prematurity
Precipitous (fast) labor
Maternal gestational diabetes
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Anatomy of the female genital tract
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KussmauPs sign is a feature of pericarditis with which of the following?
Ans. b (Constrictive pericarditis). (Ref. Harrison, Medicine, 18th/Ch. 239)CONSTRICTIVE PERICARDITIS (THICK, CALCIFIED PERICARDIUM)# Prominent X and Y descent (Freidrich's sign prominent 'Y' descent)# Kussmaul's sign# Low voltage ECG# Electrical alternans# Small RV size# Absent pulsus paradoxus
2
Cardiac tamponade
Constrictive pericarditis
Restrictive cardiomyopathy
Pericardial effusion
Medicine
C.V.S.
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Hydrochlorothiazide works by inhibiting
Thiazide diuretics: Inhibits Na-Cl- sympoer in early DCT acts on distal tubule Includes- chlorothiazide, indapamide Decreases Na+, K+, Mg2+, H+ Increases glucose, uric acid, lipid Increase in calcium - used in osteoporosis Name Site of action Example Mechanism Loop diuretics Thick ascending limb of Loop of Henle Furose...
2
Na+ CI pump in late DCT
Na+ CI pump in early DCT
Na+ K+ 2CT pump in descending limb of loop of Henle
Na+K+2CT pump in ascending limb of loop of Henle
Pharmacology
FMGE 2019
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A case control study is not characterized by-
.<p>in case of a case control study ,we cannot measure incidence,and can only estimate the relative risk.and it doesnot distinguish between causes and associated factors.and it is also not suited to the evaluation of therapy or prophylaxis of disease.selectin of an appropriate control group may be difficult.</p><p>ref;...
4
Cases with the disease are compared to controls without the disease
Assessment of past exposure may be blased
Definition of cases may be difficult
Incidence rates may be computed directly
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
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Cholangiography T-tube done after how many days of cholecystectomy
Cholecystectomy with choledochotomy and CBD exploration T-tube is left in place for cholangiography and removal of any retained stone T-tube cholangiogram is done on 7th - 10th day Post-operatively Remove T-tube if cholangiogram is normal If residual stone is discovered on the postoperative cholangiogram, T-tube should...
2
1-5 days
5-9 days
10-14 days
15-20 days
Anatomy
G.I.T
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Which of the following types of glomerulonephritis is most likely to cause CRF all except -
null
1
Post streptococcal glomerulonephritis
Membranous GN
Membrano proliferative GN
Focal segmental glomerulosclerosis
Pathology
null
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A person having diarrhea of six month duration. Acid fast organism of size 10 micron are found in stool. Most likely cause is:
Most likely causative organisms in this condition are coccidian parasites which include Cryptosporidium Isospora Cyclospora Size of oocyst in these organisms are Cryptosporidium -4-6 micron Cyclospora - 8-10 micron Isorpora - 23-36 micron Oocysts of these organisms are acid fast Cyst of giardia is not acid fast
3
Cryptosporidium
Isospora
Cyclospora
Giardia
Microbiology
Parasitology Pa 1 (Protozoology)
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Tentative cut is a feature of which of the following?
The preliminary cuts, also known as tentative cuts are generally small, multiple, superficial, somewhat parallel and usually skin deep. They are seen near and at the commencement of the incised wound and may merge with the main incision. Such incisions are commonly found in suicidal cut throat and in suicidal cuts on w...
1
Suicidal attempt
Accidental injury
Homicidal assault
Fall from the height
Forensic Medicine
null
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Stomach derives its blood supply from all these arteries directly or indirectly except -
null
3
Splenic artery
Hepatic artery
Superior mesenteric artery
Celiac axis
Anatomy
null
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Which compound is produced in the hexose monophosphate (pentose phosphate) pathway?
NADPH is required as a reducing agent for the synthesis of fatty acids. The hexose monophosphate pathway also produces ribose 5-phosphate for nucleotide synthesis. No ATP or NADH is produced in the pathway. Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate is produced during glycolysis.
3
ATP
NADH
NADPH
Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate
Biochemistry
null
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Octerotide is used in all except:
Octreotide is synthetic analogue of somatostatin. It is used in diarrhea associated with carcinoid, diabetes,HIV, acromegaly, esophageal varices, dumping syndrome, VIP secreting tumors (REF.Essential of medical pharmacology K D TRIPATHI 6 Edition, Page No - 235)
4
Glucogonoma
Insulinoma
Carcinoid syndrome
Glioma
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
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'Disability Limitation' is mode of intervention for:
Ans. (d) Tertiary PreventionLevels of preventionModes of interventionPrimary LevelHealth Promotion and Specific ProtectionSecondary LevelEarly Diagnosis and TreatmentTertiary LevelDisability Limitation and Rehabilitation
4
Primordial Prevention
Primary Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Tertiary Prevention
Social & Preventive Medicine
Miscellaneous
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What is the most common complication in recurrent anterior uveitis
B i.e. Glaucoma Secondary glaucoma (due to posterior synechiae formation) is most common complication in recurrent anterior uveitis Q. It occurs due to Albuminous aqueous blocking the angle - Trabeculitis & trabecular oedema - Ring synechiae --> iris bombe -> peripheral anterior synechiae ---> angle closure glaucoma. -...
2
Staphyloma
Glaucoma
Cataract
Vitreal haemorrhage
Ophthalmology
null
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A 52 year-old man presented with acute upper GI bleed. Ultrasound study of abdomen was normal. At gastroscopy an intermittent pulsatile stream of blood was identified, with no underlying lesion visible between bleeding spus except for a following is likely diagnosis?
GAVE (Gastric antral vascular ectasia. is "watermelon stomach", Dieulafoy's lesion is an aberrant vessel in the gastric mucosa that bleeds from a pinpoint mucosal defect). GAVE is a cause of chronic upper GI bleed, while Dieulafoy's malformation results in acute upper GI bleed as in the given case.
3
Prolapsed gastropathy
"Water-Melon" stomach
Dieulafoy's Lesion
Gastric antral vascular ectasia
Surgery
null
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