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Megaloblastic anaemia is caused by - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Diphylloboturium latum * Following parasites cause anemiai) Ancylostoma duodenale-Iron deficiency anemia (microcytic hypochromic)ii) Necator americans-Iron deficiency anemia (microcytic hypochromic)iii) Babesia-Haemolytic anemiaiv) Diphyllobothrium latum -Megaloblastic (VitB12 def. anemia)v) Leishmani... | 1 | Diphyllobothrium latum | Schistosoma hematobium | Echinococcus granulosus | Taenia solium | Microbiology | Parasitology | 24a6e3eb-01b8-497c-80ed-ab70817d85c3 | multi |
Autophagic vacuoles fuse with ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Lysosome | 3 | Golgi complex | ER | Lysosome | Mitocondria | Physiology | null | e8d5a05d-3658-4d20-934b-ae3a6be698db | single |
A cross-section of the cervical third of the pulp canal of a maxillary second premolar resembles in shape: | null | 4 | A circle | A square | A triangle | An ellipse | Dental | null | acfe5fe3-0f72-4c71-aa4b-acff367a8cd4 | single |
In a patient presenting with headache and eye complaints, Examination of right eye reveals: Right eye superotemporal quadrantanopia. Left eye reveals: Left eye superotemporal quadrantanopia, Left eye centrocecal scotoma. Likely site of lesion is - | The patient has :-
Right superotemporal quadrantanopia
Left superotemporal quadrantanopia
Left centrocecal scotoma → Left optic nerve involvement e.g. toxic opic neuropathy
It has also been explained that early central chiasmatic lesion due to pituitary adenoma can cause upper temporal quadrantanopia.
So, best answ... | 1 | Left optic nerve + chiasma | Left optic tract + chiasma | Right optic nerve + chiasma | Right optic tract + chiasma | Ophthalmology | null | 98fc347c-94aa-4d50-8828-d02910ab8e27 | single |
Carbonic anhydrase is which type of enzyme - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Metalloenzyme o The active site of carbonic anhydrase contains a zinc ion, they are therefore classified as metalloenzymes. | 2 | Coenzyme | Metalloenzyme | Serine protease | Endopeptidase | Biochemistry | Mechanisms of Enzyme Action | dac27525-4e55-4d43-9097-8c60919dc980 | multi |
Drugs Contraindicated in pregnancy - | Ans is 'a' i.e., Enalapril o Enalapril is an ACE inhibitors used as antihypertensive drugs,o ACE inhibitors are C/I in pregnancyACE inhibitor are fetopathic, These can cause fetal growth retardation hypoplasia of organs and fetal death may occur if ACE inhibitors are given during later half ofpregnancy.A recent report ... | 1 | Enalapril | CCB | Beta-blockers | Propylthiouracil | Pharmacology | Pregnancy | b4cc22f2-2967-4ac1-b567-e324dfe43c0f | single |
A 55 year old male presents with features of Obstructive Jaundice. He also repos a weight loss of seven kilograms in last two months. On CT scan, the CBD is dilated till the lower end and the main pancreatic duct is also dialated. Pancreas is normal. The most likely diagnosis is - | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Periampullary carcinoma Old age with significant loss points towards a neoplastic etiology Dilatation of both CBD and pancreatic duct is a strong evidence in our of Periampullary ca. Periampullary Ca includes a group of malignant neoplasms arising at or near the ampulla of Vater. Because of this commo... | 4 | Choledocholithiasis | Carcinoma Gallbladder | Hilar Cholangiocarcinoma | Periampullary Carcinoma | Surgery | null | af63cfa5-2197-4c6b-97ff-a944f4a79283 | multi |
A 10 month old child weighing 8kg has Bitot spots in both eyes. Which of the following is the most appropriate schedule to prescribe vitamin A to this child – | null | 4 | 2 lakh units intramuscular (IM) on day 0, 14 | 1 lakh units IM on day 0, 14 | 2 lakh units IM on day 0, 1 and 14 | 1 lakh units IM on day 0, 1 and 14 | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 3c43770e-1547-4ce8-b8ae-3938da65edb1 | multi |
Selenocysteine is similar to | Selenocysteine is similar to cysteine. Selenocysteine arises co-translationally during its incorporation into peptides. The UGA anticodon of the unusual tRNA designated tRNAsec normally signals to STOP. The ability of the protein synthesizing apparatus to identify a selenocysteine-specific UGA codon involves the seleno... | 3 | Arginine | Alanine | Cysteine | Lysine | Biochemistry | Structure and function of protein | e4b4b02b-ec3b-4ee0-9290-f4c0303d8078 | single |
Which of the following statements about Mallory Weiss Syndrome are true: | Answer is D (Mucosal tear) Mallory-Weiss Syndrome is associated with a tear of the gastric mucosa near the squamocolumnar mucosa! junction Mucosal Tear (Mallory-Weiss Syndrome) The tear usually involves the gastric mucosa near the squamocolumnar mucosal junction near cardia This tear is usually caused by vomiting, retc... | 4 | Presents with hemoptysis | Shows transmural rupture | Chest pain and shoness of breath | Shows mucosal tear | Medicine | null | c610f315-fd5f-458c-8ff4-3105351e627c | multi |
Neostigmine - | Ans. is `a' i.e., It is a quaarnary amounium compound Teiary amine Vs quaenary ammonium compound o Neostigmine is a quaenary ammonium compound. o Quaenary ammonium compounds are lipid insoluble and diffuse poorly across the membrane : - Li Oral absorption ---> Poor CNS penetration --> poor No CNS action Applied to eye ... | 1 | It is a quaarnary amounium compound | Metabolised in liver | It can cross the blood brain harrier | Prominent effect on smooth muscles | Pharmacology | null | dd25d676-8e0a-47af-a43b-510540bc6a1a | single |
Which of the following structure is NOT present at bih? | Mastoid tip is absent at the time of bih but mastoid antrum is present. Postnatally, mastoid air cells develop leading to formation of mastoid process (by about 2 years ago). At bih, only the maxillary and ethmoidal sinuses are present and are large enough to be clinically significant. Malleus and incus are derived fro... | 2 | Ethmoid sinus | Mastoid tip | Incus | Malleus | ENT | null | c7ac42c3-193a-4692-9a7f-6c51f1583379 | multi |
Drug of choice for fungal corneal ulcer: | Natamycin is a topical antifungal which is the drug of choice for fungal corneal ulcer.
Other topical antifungals : Nystatin, Clotrimazole, Tolnaftate, Ciclopirox | 3 | Nystatin | Caspofungin | Natamycin | Amphotericin | Pharmacology | null | 25918b60-83c7-43dd-8767-e5c11d5046a2 | single |
Expansile lytic osseous metastases are characteristic of primary malignancy of: | Bone expansion is viually limited to lytic metastases from carcinomas of the kidney, thyroid, and lung. Less commonly melanoma, carcinoma of bronchus breast and pheochormocytoma may also present with expansile lytic lesions. Ref: Differential Diagnosis in Computed Tomography By Francis Burgener, Christopher Herzog, 201... | 1 | Kidney | Bronchus | Breast | Prostate | Surgery | null | d6e15a23-4bdf-4e2d-ae08-796c6c6ce49a | single |
A 65-year-old diabetic presents with necrosis of the external auditory meatus with foul smelling discharge. The probable organism associated with the condition is | Malignant Otitis externa o Malignant otitis externa,
also called necrotizing external otitis, is a misnomer as it is not a neoplastic condition, rather it is an infectious condition.
Malignant otitis externa is a disorder involving inflammation and damage of the bones and cartilage at the base of the skull in temporal ... | 3 | Haemophilus influenzae | Streptococcus pyogenes | Pseudomonas aeruginosa | E. Coli | ENT | null | 8c549966-86f6-4482-86bc-57c354068952 | single |
In a seriously ill patient, addition of amino acids in the diet results in a positive nitrogen balance. The mechanism for this is: | C i.e. Increased secretion of insulin- Glucose, mannose, aminoacids (such as leucine, arginine, others) and f3 ketoacids such as acetoacetate (derived fromfat catabolism) stimulate insulin secretin and have protein sparing effectQ.- Insulin has anabolic effect on metabolism. It decreases protein catabolism and fat cata... | 3 | Increased absorption of amino acids from the intestine | Enhanced rates of gluconeogenesis | Increased secretion of insulin | Increased Growth hormone secretion | Biochemistry | null | 6e2eab44-3f5d-4ca3-847e-f12edbdfd0a6 | single |
The Finnish type of congenital nephritic syndrome occurs due to gene mutation affecting the following protein – | Congenital nephrotic syndrome
Infant who develop nephrotic syndrome within the first 3 months of life are considered to have congenital nephrotic syndrome.
The most common cause of this syndrome is finnish-type congenital nephrotic syndrome, an autosomal recessive disorder.
Two most common genes involved are -
i) NPHS... | 3 | Podocin | Alpha–actinin | Nephrin | CD2 activated protein | Pediatrics | null | 373d9dea-4fc3-4728-b273-49ce13b1e2c1 | single |
All the muscles are used to abduct the shoulder except - | Muscles responsible for abduction of the shoulder joint
- Supraspinatus- first 15 degrees of abduction
- Deltoid (Acromial fibers)- it is responsible for abduction from 15 to 90 degrees.
- Trapezius and serratus anterior- They are responsible for upward rotation of the glenoid cavity. | 4 | Deltoid | Supraspinatus | Serratus anterior | Pectoralis major | Anatomy | null | d54acb69-ecec-4d4a-800e-7aac5b9e7325 | multi |
NHL presenting as a localised disease is usually - | null | 3 | Nodular poorly differentiated | Diffuse | Nodular well differentiated | null | Pathology | null | 6240273f-a1d3-4011-bb6b-0c369bd88c68 | multi |
A 55-years-old lady presenting to out patient department (OPD) with postcoital bleeding for 3 months has a 1 x 1 cm nodule on the anterior lip of cervix. The most appropriate investigation to be done subsequently is: | null | 2 | Pap smear | Punch biopsy | Endocervical curettage | Colposcopy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 9f17fd94-9012-4967-a731-f4e073802a21 | single |
The following drugs are used in obesity, except: | Neuropeptide Y Antagonist are used in the medical management of obesity; Neuropeptide Y Agonist are not anti-obesity drugs. While Orlistat, Silbutramine and Olestra are used in the treatment of obesity. Ref: K D Tripathi Textbook of Pharmacology, 5th Edition, Pages 117-18; Obesity: Pathophysiology, Psychology and Treat... | 4 | Orlistat | Sibutramine | Olestra | Neuropeptide Y Agonist | Pharmacology | null | 5ae95075-76f7-4b50-aefa-928ff9e7e9db | multi |
Lucid interval is classically seen in - | null | 4 | Intracerebral haematoma | Acute subdural haematoma | Chronic subdural haematoma | Extradural haematoma | Surgery | null | f82bd949-91c6-4d8e-a213-ff57f7b0d47a | multi |
Atracurium is excreted by - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Nonenzymatic degradation o The unique feature of atracurium is inactivation in plasma by spontaneous nonenzymatic degradation (Hofmann elimination) in addition to that by alkaline ester hydrolysis.o Consequently, its duration of action is not altered in patients with hepatic/renal insufficiency or hyp... | 3 | Renal excretion | Hepatic elimination | Nonenzymatic degradation | All of the above | Unknown | null | 8c900c32-aceb-444a-970f-0e2ba00a8a6a | multi |
Sweat chloride levels are Increased in all of the following conditions except - | cystic fibrosis, the CFTR chloride channel is defective, and does not allow chloride to be reabsorbed into sweat duct cells. Consequently, more sodium stays in the duct, and more chloride remains in the sweat. The concentration of chloride in sweat is therefore elevated in individuals with cystic fibrosis They are also... | 4 | Cystic fibrosis | G-6 PD -deficiency | Heriditary nephrogenic-diabetes incipidus | Obesity | Medicine | Fluid and electrolytes | d705697d-be24-44db-9735-b6171e278afe | multi |
A 40 years old male after A, attains spinal injury. His lower limb power is greater than that of upper limb and sacral sensations are present. Type of spinal cord lesion is: | A i.e. Central cord syndrome Central cord syndrome is defined by American spinal injury Association (ASIA) as a clinical presentation, characterized by "dissociation" in degree of motor weakness weakness with lower limbs stronger than upper limbs and sacral sparing presentQ Complete lesion (transection) No motor or sen... | 1 | Central cord syndrome | Anterior cord syndrome | Posterior cord syndrome | Complete spinal cord injury. | Surgery | null | 7b124e35-3353-44ab-b633-a5b898158cab | single |
Which of the following instruments will have a four
number formula | null | 2 | ordinary hatchet | GMT | Jeffery hatchet | all the above | Dental | null | e1ffb190-acd1-47ed-87e5-6cfc9e16bb10 | multi |
The WHO was set up in - | In 1946 the constitution was drafted by "Technical Preparatory Committee " under the chairmanship of Rene Sand and was approved in the same year by an International Health Conference of 51 nations in New york. The constitution came in to force on 7 th April 1948 which is celebrated every year as "World Health Day "(ref... | 3 | 1929 | 1946 | 1948 | 1952 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health care of community & international health | a9dd4fda-68d5-4a86-81fa-bfbd481c6533 | single |
A woman has septic aboion done; vegetation on tricuspid valve is likely to go to: | Answer is A (Septic Infarcts to lung) Septic infarcts from the right side of the hea will first reach the lungs the pulmonary aery due to normal forward flow. | 1 | Septic infarcts to lung | Liver | Spleen infarcts | Emboli to brain | Medicine | null | 5e1bc5e4-4dda-4304-8aff-07fe0c950939 | single |
Leather term is used for - | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Diphtheria name is derived from the tough leathery pseudomembrane (diphtheros, meaning leather). | 3 | Anthrax | Proteus | Diphtheria | Neisseria | Microbiology | null | a684e9b7-08cd-488a-88f8-e602d1083930 | single |
The vitamin which can be treated for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia is | Refer kDT 7/e 640 Treatments for purehypercholesterolemia often depend upon how severe the cholesterol levels and symptoms are. Almost all people with the condition will need to take a prescription medication to reduce overall cholesterol levels. The most common medications are called "statins." Niacin is effective in ... | 2 | Thiamine | Niacin | Pyridoxine | Vitamin b12 | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system | ca1ff3eb-4007-4232-a2cd-9e20b2b56a8d | single |
All are used in treatment of infeility, except : | Prolactin | 2 | Luteinizng hormone (LH) | Prolactin | GnRH | Clomiphene | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | e262a51a-2785-4e1c-9484-360c58b2bcd8 | multi |
All of the following are indicators of adequacy of preoperative resuscitation except - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., C-reactive protein level | 1 | C-reactive protein level | Consciousness level | Urine output | Hematocrit level | Surgery | null | 1c5cb92b-2064-4f06-858a-240aac7a931a | multi |
Registration point: | null | 2 | Point 'A' | A point half way on the perpendicular from sella to Boltons plane | Nasion | Point 'B' | Dental | null | 489a402e-dff4-4e67-ab88-2b2c9434d7fb | single |
Embolization from mitral valve vegetation is unusual to which of the following organs? | Mitral valve vegetations usually do not embolise to lungs. Whereas in Tricuspid valve endocarditis a 'patchy nature' of recurrent lung pneumonitis caused by embolism of vegetation in the lungs is seen. Mitral valve vegetation would not enter the lung as it would cause a 'backward flow'. Hematogenously seeded focal infe... | 1 | Lung | Brain | Liver | Spleen | Medicine | null | 1e0fa0e9-a1c2-48b4-9e7c-9c2551d286a4 | single |
Erythromycin is given in intestinal hypomotility because | Erythromycin stimulates motilin receptors in the g.i.Lthereby induces gastric contractions, hastens gastric emptying and promotes intestinal motility. | 4 | It increases bacterial count | It decreases bacterial count | It binds to adenylyl cyclase | It binds to motilin receptors | Microbiology | null | e1292e3e-31c6-44d6-a161-634600252b08 | single |
Residual volume is the volume of air in lung after | The air left in the lungs after a maximal expiratory effo is the residual volume.Ref: Ganong review of medical physiology 23rd edition Page no: 593 | 2 | Maximal inspiration | Maximal expiration | Normal inspiration | Normal Expiration | Physiology | Respiratory system | e14c0f52-a990-4c83-976a-d5dde4d3baff | single |
The average root surface area of maxillary first molar is
(in mm2) | null | 1 | 433 | 431 | 426 | 400 | Dental | null | ecce99ea-3107-4898-b6f6-a94c7ec2f265 | single |
Fatty acids used by all except | Ref-Harpers illustrated biochemistry 30/e p374 FattyFatty acids do not serve as fuel for the brain, because they are bound to albumin in plasma and so do not traverse the blood-brain barrier. In starvation, ketone bodies generated by the liver paly replace glucose as fuel for the brain. Muscle. The major fuels for musc... | 3 | Liver | Muscle | Brain | Kidney | Biochemistry | Metabolism of nucleic acids | 009751e4-9001-4bee-a853-42b2528c8c12 | multi |
Threshold for bone conduction is normal and that for air conduction is increased in disease of: | Threshold for air conduction is increased (i.e. low frequency sounds are not heard well) whereas that of bone conduction in normal i.e. Bone conduction > air conduction which is seen in conductive deafness. Conductive deafness occurs in lesions of either external ear, tympanic membrane, middle ear or ossicles up to sta... | 1 | Middle ear | Inner ear | Cochlear nerve | Temporal lobe | ENT | null | d17d4002-349f-4efc-bc29-a562f74ed29d | single |
A patient of Rtiad traffic accident undergoes emergency open reduction and internal fixation for a pelvic fracture. He recovers well during the postoperative period. However on 3rd postoperative day, he develops chest pain and collapses. Examination reveals fine petechial rash over the trunk, tachycardia, tachypnea and... | Ref: Harrison's Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th edition, pg 2170Explanation:The scenario described is a classical ease of 'Fat embolism'A fat embolism is a type of embolism that is often caused by physical trauma such as fracture of long bones, soft tissue trauma and burns.Fat EmbolismIt is a type of embolism tha... | 1 | Long bone fracture | Pneumonia | Pneumothorax | Pericarditis | Medicine | Respiratory | 1228eb21-e637-44ee-a3a7-85ec52168940 | single |
Riboflavin is a constituent of - | Ans. is 'a' i.e., FMNo Riboflavin is also called Warburg yellow enzy me.o Riboflavin provides the reactive moieties of the coenzymes flavin mononucleotide (FMN) and flavin adenine dinucleotide (FAD).o Flavin coenzymes are involved in oxidoreduction reactions as electron carriers.o These reactions include the mitochondr... | 1 | FMN | NAD | PLP | THF | Biochemistry | Vitamins | 06879a28-4875-434c-b752-4334fe9e6c18 | single |
Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia has mild elevation of calcium and PTH levels. It occurs secondary to what mutation? | null | 4 | Missense mutation of mitochondrial calcium receptor | Missense mutation of ribosomal calcium surface protein | Missense mutation of Golgi complex receptor | Mutation of calcium - sensing receptor(CaSR) | Pediatrics | null | 56c3d027-c930-4f0c-99d5-925afcbf841c | single |
Most common cause of dissecting hematoma is because of - | More than 90% of dissections occur in men between the ages of 40 and 60 with antecedent hypertension. | 1 | Hypertension | Marfan's | Iatrogenic | Kawasaki | Pathology | null | f0935f0a-ac74-473d-b938-6d10a900d1ec | single |
Which is false regarding gram-positive cocci? | Ans. (c) Most enterococci are sensitive to penicillin Unlike streptococci, enterococci are not reliably killed by penicillin or ampicillin alone at concentration achieved clinically in the blood or tissues. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing should be performed routinely on enterococcal isolates. Enterococci resistan... | 3 | Staph. saprophyticus causes UTI in females | Micrococci are oxidase positive | Most enterococci are sensitive to penicillin | Pneumococci are capsulated | Microbiology | null | 9db9afbc-521d-4969-ac62-7f0a43e52874 | multi |
Commutation of death sentence cannot be done by 1.Additional sessions cou 2.Sessions cou 3.High cou 4.Supreme cou 5.President | Death sentence can be given by i) Session cou ii) Additional session cou iii) High cou iv) Supreme cou All cases from session cous are forwarded to high cou and high cou can commute death sentence into life imprisonment. A death sentence from high cou can be commuted by supreme cou. So commutation of death sentence is ... | 2 | 1 only | 1,2 | 1,2,3 | 1,2,3,4 | Forensic Medicine | FMT Q Bank | d340a41d-2c47-44a1-bfa0-c4db79ef39f7 | single |
Which of the following drugs is contraindicated in diabetic patients | Steroids could increase insulin resistance leading to hyperglycemia and ultimately secondary or drug-induced diabetes if used for a prolonged duration Ref KD Tripathi 8th ed | 2 | Mannitol | Steroids | Enalapril | Glycerol | Pharmacology | Endocrinology | e9d36cc8-a88c-4da7-93f9-604b450d74f4 | single |
Strength of gypsum products is generally expressed
in terms of? | null | 1 | Compressive Strength | Tensile Strength | Wet Strength | Green Strength | Dental | null | 9512395f-c627-4993-9733-53d8c36ab52f | multi |
A 2-year-old child is brought by parents with history of seizures and developmental delay. He has multiple hypopigmented macules over the back. What is the most probable diagnosis: | b. Tuberous sclerosis(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 2877-2878, Ghai p 586)History of seizures and developmental delay along with multiple hypopigmented macules over the back suggests Tuberous sclerosis. | 2 | Neurofibromatosis type I | Tuberous sclerosis | Sturge Weber syndrome | Linear sebacous nevus syndrome | Pediatrics | Central Nervous System | 634539d4-f27f-4519-9261-c691a15f1f60 | single |
Most pathognomonic sign of irreversible cell injury: | . Amorphous densities in mitochondria | 1 | Amorphous densities in mitochondria | Swelling of the cell membrane | Ribosomes detached from endoplasmic reticulum | Clumping of nuclear chromatin | Pathology | null | a7514e03-3d04-4969-bcee-e0cb07a25a3e | single |
A child of 1 year presents with muscle wasting, loss of subcutaneous fat with no signs of edema and weight below 60% of WHO standard. The mother gives history of not giving enough proteins and other nutrients to the child after six months of age. The likely diagnosis is | null | 2 | Kwashiorkor | Marasmus | Marasmus & kwashiorkor | Under nutrition | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | ea94e744-18d9-4710-bece-910526acb39e | single |
A 30-year-old male presents with pain on the right flank and hematuria. A CECT abdomen reveals a large 8 x 8 cm sized solid mass in the right kidney and 3 x 3 cm solid mass occupying the upper pole of the left kidney. The most appropriate surgical treatment for this pt is - | This male pt. with flank pain, hematuria and demonstration of a solid renal mass is having renal cell carcinoma (in clinical practice any solid renal mass is considered RCC until proved otherwise) For patients with bilateral RCCs, paial nephrectomy with an adequate parenchymal margin is the preferred approach for kidne... | 3 | Bilateral radical nephrectomy | Right radical nephrectomy and biopsy of the mass from opposite kidney. | Right radical nephrectomy and left paial nephrectomy | Right radical nephrectomy only. | Anatomy | Urology | e6df07aa-bf91-44f5-8791-37d3cf4321cc | single |
A 24-year-old female graduate student repos increasing shoness of breath with exercise and has recently noticed dyspnea on mild activity. One day before presenting at the office, she experienced sudden loss of consciousness while shopping at a grocery store. On physical examination, vital signs are: pulse 88 bpm; tempe... | The lateral view shows that the anterior clear space behind the sternum is occupied above a poion of the lower one-third of the cardiac shadow. The truncus of the right pulmonary aery seen in front of the trachea is very large and the left main pulmonary aery coursing over the left upper lobe bronchus is greater than 1... | 1 | A loud A2 on cardiac auscultation | Right arm swelling | Rib notching | A loud P2 on cardiac auscultation | Radiology | Respiratory system | 24f3a6e0-d727-40ac-bbe4-331568c694e9 | single |
Carotid sheath contains all structures EXCEPT | (Phrenic nerve): CAROTID SHEATH - is formed from the investing, pretracheal, and prevertebral layers of the deep cervical fasciaContents* Three carotid arteries (CCA, ECA, ICA)* Internal jugular vein* Vagus nerve* Deep cervical lymph nodesAt the level of the upper border of thyroid cartilage the common carotid artery b... | 3 | Vagus nerve | Internal carotid artery | Phrenic nerve | Deep Cervical lymph nodes | Unknown | null | 0e6d3f02-c1de-4658-a480-f4f448cedf39 | multi |
The population frequency for phenylketonuria is 1 in 10,000. What is the carrier frequency for the disease? | a. 1/50(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 598)It is based on Hardy Weinberg principle: Simplifying it,Carrier frequency for an autosomal recessive disorder = twice the square root of disease incidenceSo 2 X square root of 1/10,000 gives 1/50 as the answer. | 1 | Jan-50 | 1/100 | 1/500 | 1/1000 | Pediatrics | Genetics And Genetic Disorders | a4119d78-6761-41e1-83c9-da34b79ddf48 | single |
KVP in X ray determines - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Kilovolt peak {Ref: Grainger 6th/e p. 154]o Two exposure factors are importantKilovolt peak (KVP) : - It is the voltage which is applied between filament (cathode) and target (anode). It creates an electrical potential between the anode and cathode so the electron from the cathode travel to the anode.... | 2 | Kilovolt potential | Kilovolt peak | Kilovolt power | Kilovolt per minute | Radiology | Plain Film Radiography, Fluoroscopy, and Tomosynthesis | 545230f2-4eec-455b-aa2d-3aa44857369a | single |
Vitamin given to pregnant women to prevent neural tube defect: | Supplements of Folate given in appropriate dose before conception can result in a significant reduction in the incidence of Spina Bifida, and other neural tube defects. ADDITIONAL READING ON FOLATE DEFICIENCY: DNA synthesis indirectly requires Folic acid ( folate required for conversion of dUMP to dTMP, leading to decr... | 3 | Vitamin A | Vitamin C | Folic acid | Vitamin B12 | Biochemistry | Vitamins and Minerals | 58acc22f-a5bb-4392-a0ed-de865f117a8a | single |
Blood culture is indicated in all, except | null | 4 | Enteric fever | Sub acute bacterial endocarditis | Septicemia | Malaria | Medicine | null | 9b9a8883-6a7f-4fa0-8047-7d1cb5e502cd | multi |
Carrier state is seen in following, except: | Measles | 2 | Diphtheria | Measles | Typhoid | Polio | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | ce951cb5-5a46-415e-96b2-eba47b504235 | multi |
History of dislike for sweet food items is typically present in: | Ans. is 'c' i.e. Hereditary fructose intoleranceRef.: Harrison 17th/e p 2458 & 16th/e p 2321 (15th/e p2289) In hereditary fructose intolerance patients are healthy and asymptomatic until fructose or sucrose (table sugar) is ingested. With the ingestion of sugar severe clinical symptoms appear. Which are -JaundiceHepato... | 3 | Diabetes mellitus | Glycogen storage disease | Hereditary fructose intolerance | Galactosemia | Medicine | Disorder of Metabolism & Connective Tissue | b4868752-a676-4212-9539-7f6907e12ddc | multi |
ST-segment elevation is seen in all the following except | Differential Diagnosis of ST-Segment ElevationsIschemia/myocardial infarctionNon-infarction, transmural ischemia (Prinzmetal's angina, and probably Tako- tsubo syndrome, which may also exactly simulate classical acute infarction)Acute myocardial infarctionPost-myocardial infarction (ventricular aneurysm pattern)Acute p... | 4 | Tako- tsubo syndrome | Acute pericarditis | Myocardial infarction | Right bundle branch block | Medicine | C.V.S | 036109fb-d46d-4e36-80d1-16f987647914 | multi |
An investigator into the life expectancy of IV drug abusers divides a sample of patients into HIV positive and HIV negative groups. What type of data does this division constitute ? | Ans. is `a' i.e., Nominal In the question, data has been divided into two groups, i.e. HIV positive/HIV negative Data should be measured on nominal scale especially Dichotomous type of nominal scale. | 1 | Nominal | Ordinal | Interval | Poion | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | d67bef1c-78fa-4905-8d16-3bf96be99c00 | single |
P.F causes - | null | 1 | Thrombocytopenia | DIC | Hemolysis | Haematemesis | Microbiology | parasitology | b99314c0-bcd0-4fc0-82ce-7aa98191f839 | single |
Which one of the following soft tissue sarcomas frequently metastasizes to lymph nodes? | Rhabdomyosarcoma has been described as a variant of soft tissue sarcoma with a high incidence of nodal metastasis. Ref: Harrison's Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Page 559; Soft Tissue Sarcomas By Raphael E. Pollock, 2002; Ohopaedic Pathology By Vincent J. Vigorita, Bernard Ghelman, Douglas Mintz, 2007, Page 379 | 3 | Fibrosarcoma | Osteosarcoma | Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma | Alveolar soft pa sarcoma | Surgery | null | 8731028d-9607-4a36-9273-fd5f0c2b347c | single |
Epidural space lies between | . | 3 | Pia and arachnoid | Dura and arachnoid | Dura and veebral column | d) Pia mater and grey mater | Anatomy | All India exam | 2cfa365f-d369-4488-aa0e-531043910aa5 | single |
True above ovaries is all except | Utero ovarian ligament originates from lateral posterior portion of uterus. | 4 | Ovaries are supplied by both sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves | Ovarian fossa of waldeyer is between divergent external and internal iliac vessels | Germinal epithelium of waldeyer is single layer of cuboidal epithelium on the ovarian surface. | Utero ovarian ligament extends from medial posterior portion of uterus to uterine pole of ovary | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | a9d48193-28fe-46a8-b056-de1e97683e21 | multi |
Which of the following conditions cause an over growth of epiphysis? | Patients with hemophilia can suffer from hemahrosis even after minor trauma. Long-term sequelae of multiple bouts of hemahrosis include cailage damage, subaicular cysts, osteopenia, and enlarged epiphyses. The combination of intercondylar notch widening and widened epiphysis is seen only in haemophilia and juvenile rhe... | 1 | Hemophilia | Osteogenisis imperfecta | Marfan's syndrome | Paget's disease | Surgery | null | f0b134fb-b7a2-4317-8bda-f055f816f182 | single |
A 24 year old man on physical examination was noted to have ptosis. Which of the following muscle must be paralyzed? | The superior tarsal muscle is a smooth muscle which is sympathetically innervated. It is an involuntary muscle that elevates the eyelid. It is innervated by the cervical sympathetic trunk, and this muscle's functioning provides a good indication of the integrity of the cervical sympathetic trunk. If the cervical sympat... | 3 | Orbicularis Oculi, lacrimal pa | Orbicularis Oculi, palpebral pa | Superior tarsal | Superior oblique | Ophthalmology | null | 6563d9a7-1ff0-4b62-9570-40f6c49cfd71 | single |
Which of the following can cause an increase in the prevalence of the disease - | Derived Factors that increase Prevalence
Prevalence increases with addition of diseased people (immigration)
Prevalence increases with subtraction of healthy people (emigration)
Prevalence increases with prolongation of life in chronic diseases
Prevalence increases with decreased death rate amongst diseased
Derived ... | 3 | Immigration of healthy persons | Increased cure rate of disease | Longer duration of illness | Decrease in population | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 41e3d0b6-716d-4aad-9d64-dd0ca1a76ca1 | single |
Drugs used in alcohol abstinence - | disulfiram blocks metabolism of alcohol causing aldehyde to accumulate causing headache , flushing , nauseous, Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 99e | 1 | Disulfiram | Nalterxone | Chordiazepoxide | Morphine | Medicine | Nutrition | 2d83b492-3c53-4f3c-8ddf-170c0849274b | single |
A previously healthy 2-year-old black child has developed a chronic cough during the previous 6 weeks. He has been seen in different emergency rooms on two occasions during this period and has been placed on antibiotics for pneumonia. Upon auscultation, you hear normal breath sounds on the left. On the right side, you ... | (b) Source: (Hay et al, pp 499-500. Kliegman et al, pp 1453-1454. McMillan et al, pp 693-694. Rudolph et al, pp 449-451.) Recurrent pneumonias in an otherwise healthy child should suggest the potential for anatomic blockage of an airway. In the patient in this question, the findings on clinical examination suggest a fo... | 2 | Measure the patient's sweat chloride. | Consult pediatric surgery for bronchoscopy. | Prescribe broad-spectrum oral antibiotics. | Initiate a trial of inhaled b-agonists. | Pediatrics | Respiratory System | 87541d61-dd07-4418-83aa-4f494841bbc5 | multi |
Which of the following hematological problems may be precipitated by parvovirus? | Parvo virus responsible for causing premature destruction of precursor cells in bone marrow Premature destruction of precursor cells - aplastic crisis If an individual develops parvovirus infection the number of cells which are being destroyed are relatively less In a situation in which say for example hemolytic anemia... | 2 | Haemolytic crisis | aplastic crisis | Pancytopenia | Thrombocytopenia | Pathology | NEET 2018 | 7e345e0b-57b3-46d3-a9d0-677b5387344b | single |
Diffuse peritonitis in acute appendicitis is caused due to: | Perforation of appendix in acute appendicitis commonly leads to an abscess cavity walled off by the small bowel loops and the omentum, forming a phlegmon. Rarely the appendix may perforate freely into the peritoneal cavity and cause generalized peritonitis. This usually occurs in cases of early rupture of the appendix ... | 1 | Early rupture of appendix | Late rupture of appendix | Fecolith | Old age | Surgery | null | 7dba9234-32d0-440a-938d-76a616730017 | single |
Culture medium for campylobactor jejuni ? | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Skirrow's medium | 2 | BYCE medium | Skirrow's medium | Thayer-Main medium | TCBS medium | Microbiology | null | 4a2a5d3d-b7b7-450f-b85a-d047c5027a42 | single |
Which of the following is not present in pterygomandibular space | null | 1 | Auriculo temporal nerve | Lingual nerve | Mandibular nerve | Myalohyoid nerve | Surgery | null | b140a9af-d346-4ef4-950b-79a5655432bd | single |
All of the following statements about Pneumococcal Pneumonia are true, except | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Air Bronchogram Absent Air bronchogram refers to the phenomenon of air filled bronchi (dark) being visible by the opacification of the surrounding alveoli (grey/white). Air bronchogram is common in consolidation or in any condition in which something replaces the air spaces. Air bronchogram commonly s... | 1 | Non-segmental Consolidation | Air Bronchogram Absent | Usually confined to one lobe | Cavitation is rare | Medicine | null | 16e4f8a1-d336-4462-b150-5ca549464470 | multi |
A 12 years old female is admitted as a patient of dysgerminoma of right ovary 4 x 5 cm in size with intact capsule. Best treatment will be : | Ans. is b i.e. Oophorectomy of involved side Though Dysgerminoma is most radiosensitive tumour known, treatment of choice is oophorectomy of involved side followed by cisplatin based chemotherapy to preserve feility, as dysgerminoma is seen in young women with average age incidence being 20 years. | 2 | Ovarian cystectomy | Oophorectomy on the involved side | Bilateral oophorectomy | Hysterectomy with bilateral salping000phorectomy | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 65a84fff-b6d9-4d6d-bb1a-b6a04f554b5d | single |
Very low activity of adenosine deaminase in sample of red cells and high levels of dATP is consistent with diagnosis of- | rOBBINS BASIC PATHOLOGY 9TH EDITION Chapter diseases of immunity. page no 143. very low activity of adenosine deaminase in sample of red cells and high levels of dATP is consistent with diagnosis of SCID (severe combined immuno deficiency disease) . so answer is option 2. Defects in Lymphocyte Activation Rare patients ... | 2 | Organophosphorus poisoning | Severe combined immunodeficiency disease | Cyanide poisoning | Acquired immunodeficiency disease | Pathology | Haematology | 1a01d4ae-244f-4e1c-aac3-0f1fea66c6d6 | single |
Oncocytes are seen in all of the following except- | Ans. is 'd' i.e., ThymusOncocytes are cells with marked cytoplasmic eosinophilia and granularity.There is a great increase in the number of mitochondria which is typical of oncocytes morphology.Oncocytes are present in the acini and ducts of normal salivary gland.o They are also present in some benign tumors of salivar... | 4 | Pitutary | Thyroid | Pancreas | Thymus | Pathology | null | 24c29648-5662-4bcc-a339-5789ca05fe44 | multi |
The most common presentation of endemic goiter is ? | Ans is 'b' i.e., Diffuse Goiter 'Endemic goiter' occurs in geographical areas where the soil, water and food supply contains only low levels of iodine. The lack of the iodine leads to decreased synthesis of thyroid hormones and a compensatory increase in TSH, which in turn leads to follicular cell hyperophy and hyperpl... | 2 | Hypothyroid | Diffuse goiter | Hypehyroid | Solitary nodule | Surgery | null | 73e97cd3-0868-454d-b88d-2c66b0916c50 | single |
Diatoms are | A i.e. Algae | 1 | Algae | Parasites | Bacteria | Fungi | Forensic Medicine | null | 0db988b2-8fe5-4762-b994-021d06ff26dd | single |
The most common retrobulbar mass in adults is | Cavernous hemangioma is a non encapsulated seen most commonly inside the muscle cone. Refer khurana 6/e p 411 | 3 | Neurofibroma | Meningioma | Cavernous hemangioma | Schwannoma | Ophthalmology | Diseases of orbit, Lids and lacrimal apparatus | abe21976-0172-4f75-a373-4cb509de475c | single |
In a chronic alcoholic, Wernicke's encephalopathy can be prevented by: March 2013 (g) | Ans. D i.e. Thiamine supplement | 4 | I/V saline | Large amount of glucose | Imipramine | Thiamine supplement | Psychiatry | null | 0066e461-348a-4942-b422-ae984ec11fff | single |
Appropiate size of PLMA for a 70 kg adult male patient is: | Patient weight in Kg LMA Size Maximum cuff volume in ml <5 1 4 5-10 1.5 7 10-20 2 10 20-30 2.5 14 30-50 3 20 50-70 4 30 70-100 5 40 >100 6 50 Size of LMA is decided according to body weight. | 3 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | Anaesthesia | Airway | 504a08bd-6111-402e-86d2-8f091a9d7ad3 | single |
A 60-year-old man presents with symptoms of polyuria and nocturia. Investigations reveal a normal fasting glucose and calcium level. His urine electrolytes suggest a renal transport defect. Which of the following is the most likely cause for his symptoms? | Other clues to renal tubule defects include electrolyte disorders, renal osteodystrophy, large kidneys, and proteinuria. Categories of tubulointerstitial kidney disease include toxins (exogenous and metabolic), neoplasia, immune diseases, vascular disorders, infections, and hereditary renal diseases. Defects in urinary... | 3 | acute nephritis | acute renal failure (ARF) | renal tubular defects | nephrolithiasis | Medicine | Kidney | 3032478f-10bc-4abb-b8e5-08ca0a864ef7 | single |
Hormone (s) that uses cAMP as Second Messenger System includes? | Ans. A. Calcitonin. (Ref. Guyton & Halls Textbook of Medical Physiology ll,h/pg. 913; Table 74-2)Some Hormones That Use the Adenylyl Cyclase-cAMP Second Messenger SystemSome Hormones That Use the Phospholipase C Second Messenger System# Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)# Angiotensin II (epithelial cells)# Angiotensin ... | 1 | Calcitonin | Angiotensin Converting enzyme | Prolactin | All of the above | Physiology | Endocrinology and Reproduction | 7d819a49-1801-4e12-9b18-de0d56334550 | multi |
Oneiroid state is : | Oneiroid state is dream like a state, also called as "twillight" state, where patient feels as if he is in a dream and awareness is restricted.
Stupor : Patient is akinteic and mute, also called as semicoma.
Torpor : It is described as lowering of consciousness and it is short of Stupor. | 2 | Same as stupor | Dream like state | Characterized by heightened state of consciousness | Same as Torpor | Psychiatry | null | f949acb9-5375-4de8-b844-edd229c27e83 | single |
Case fatality rate is - | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Killing power of disease * CFR represents the killing power (severity) of a disease.CFR=Total no. of deaths due to a disease--------------------------------Total no. of cases of the same diseasex 100* CFR is typically used in acute infectious disease e.g.food poisoning, cholera, measles. Its usefulnes... | 2 | Communicability of disease | Killing power of disease | Burden of a disease | All of the above | Social & Preventive Medicine | Epidemiology | 0914b8c3-f36d-4c03-8608-f71066723cab | multi |
Not a marker for muscle tumor ? | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Neurofilament Markers for smooth muscles tumor are : (i) Muscle specific actin, (ii) Intermediate filament, and (iii) Desmin. Neurofilament is a marker of neural tumors. Immunohistochemistry Immunohistochemistry is a method of analyzing and identifying cell types based on binding of antibodies to spec... | 3 | Desmin | Actin | Neurofilament | Intermediate filament | Pathology | null | c8dfef9c-4b3b-4a6d-b5af-81d6c49946e0 | single |
The commonest tumor of parotid is - | null | 2 | Mucoepidermoid | Mixed parotid tumour | Adenolymphoma | Squamous cell carcinoma | Pathology | null | 2e9a3e53-442a-4c54-a002-07e46f3a9e4d | single |
Normal value of fetal scalp pH is? | ANSWER: (D) 7.3REF: COGT 10th ed table 8-7AVERAGE "NORMAL" FETAL SCALP AND CORD ACID-BASE VALUES Before LaborSecond Stage of LaborScalp pH7.377.3CO2 pressure (mm Hg)3843Bicarbonate (mmol/L)2121Base excess (mmol/L)-3-5 Umbilical VeinUmbilical ArteryCord pH7.327.26PO238.917.7PCO237.140Base deficit6.86.7 | 4 | 6.9 | 7 | 7.1 | 7.3 | Pediatrics | New Born Infants | 3cc1857d-18d6-4233-ae87-651027b33487 | single |
True about lunate dislocation? | Ans. A. Lunate dislocates anteriorly, while other carpal bones remain in place.Wrist dislocationsTypes* Lunate dislocation - lunate dislocates anteriorly, while other carpal bones remains in place.* Perilunate dislocation - lunate stays in place while other carpal bones dislocate posteriorly.Perilunate dislocation is t... | 1 | Lunate dislocates anteriorly, while other carpal bones remains in place. | Lunate stays in place while other carpal bones dislocate posteriorly. | Most common to be involved is ulnar nerve | null | Orthopaedics | Injuries Around the Fore Arm & Wrist | 5dbce011-9e33-4a8b-aa21-e27bd70e86d8 | multi |
Most potent bronchodilator among inhalational anethestic agents is- | (Refer: Morgan and Mikhail’s Clinical Anaesthesiology, 5th edition, pg no. 167 – 169)
Effect of inhalational agents on respiratory system
All inhalational agents are bronchodilators →Halothane cause maximum bronchodilatation. Inhalational agent of choice in asthmatics (intravenous anaesthtic of choice is ketamine).
A... | 3 | Isoflurane | Sevoflurane | Halothane | Desflurane | Unknown | null | 6bcd35dc-eb07-4832-b3c3-16ffe4ecb979 | single |
A 50-year-old lady presented With a 3-month history of pain in the lower third of the right thigh. There was no local swelling; tenderness was present on deep pressure. Plain X-rays showed an ill-defined intra medullary lesion with blotchy calcification at the lower end of the right femoral diaphysis,possible enchondro... | Our study confirmed that mitotic figures and nuclear pleomorphism are hallmarks of high-grade secondary peripheral chondrosarcoma. However, despite the substantial agreement, we demonstrated that histology alone cannot distinguish osteochondroma from low-grade secondary peripheral chondrosarcoma in the setting of multi... | 2 | Focal necrosis and lobulation | Tumor permeation between bone trabeculea at periphery | Extensive myxoid change | High cellularity | Pathology | Breast | dfba108a-7489-40f2-b0b8-e645d47741fe | single |
In brow presentation, presenting diameter is/are: | null | 3 | Submentovertical | Occipitofrontal | Mentovertical | Suboccipitobregmatic | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null | 90021573-7e3e-40f4-9304-8465cb411b92 | single |
All are true regarding familial adenomatous polyposis except: | When familial adenomatous polyposis result from mutations in the APC gene, it is inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern. Which means one copy of the altered gene in each cell is sufficient to cause this disorder. In most cases, an affected person has one parent with the condition. When familial adenomatous polyposi... | 3 | Associated endocrine involvement can be present | More > 100 polyps in the colon | Autosomal recessive | Multiple duodenal polyps | Medicine | JIPMER 2017 | c3cffeb8-567d-4e3b-a643-6e2ecbbc5104 | multi |
Which is not caused by Aedes aegypti – | null | 3 | yellow fever | Dengue | Japanese encephalitis | Filaria | Social & Preventive Medicine | null | 18e6671a-5884-4d81-8402-39ac4dfa2eb1 | single |
A New born weighing 1000g is born at gestational age of 30 weeks with respiratory distress after 2–3 hours of birth. What are the diagnostic possibilities – | Pulmonar causes of neonatal res irator distress
Respiratory distress syndrome (hyaline membrane disease)
Meconium aspiration syndrome
Pneumonia
Transient tachypnea of newborn
Persistent pulmonary hypertension
Congenital malformation —> TEF, Diaphragmatic hernia, lobar emphysema, pulmonary hypoplasia.
Upper airway obus... | 4 | Diaphragmatic hernia | HMD | Pulmonary hemorrhage | All of these | Pediatrics | null | 4c7c9788-868d-49c1-baca-b1043b725d95 | multi |
which of these is a charecterstic of type A personality | there are two types of personality disorders TYPE A PERONALITY PEOPLE are called' BORN WARRIORS' who are workaholics end up having hea disease TYPE D PERSONALITY PEOPLE are called 'BORN WORRIERS' who ruminate and have high risk of hea disease Ref. kaplon and Sadock synopsis of psychiatry, 11 th edition, pg no.746 | 1 | competitive | dependent | suspisous | odd and excentric | Psychiatry | Personality disorders | 3cded425-19e1-4c4d-9ad8-5d17c87a23c5 | single |
Aerosol spread leading to epidemics is seen in infection with - | null | 3 | Legionella | Haemophilus | Influenza | Mycoplasma | Microbiology | null | 02e0d667-b905-4ba9-8add-78b82ce7b1b7 | single |
AIDS involves: | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Helper T Cells (Ref: Ananthanarayan, 9th/e, p. 574, and 8th/e, p. 572)The receptor for the virus is the CD4 antigen on surface. The cells affected are:- CD4 T Cells (major target).- B lymphocytes.- Monocytes and macrophages.- Langerhans cells in dermis.- Glial cells and microglia in the CNS.- Follicul... | 1 | T - helper cells | T - suppressor cells | T - cytotoxic | B. cells | Microbiology | Human Immunodeficiency Virus | fc56c182-a703-46de-8174-0ffdde74b801 | single |
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