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"6.867 Machine learning, lecture 18 (Jaakkola) 2\n6 6\n4 4\n2 2\n0 0\n\u22122 \u22122\n\u22124 \u22124\na) \u22126 b) \u22126\n\u22126 \u22124 \u22122 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 \u22126 \u22124 \u22122 0 2 4 6 8 10 12\nFigure 1: a) a set of points and b) the corresponding 2-nearest neighbor graph.\ndiagonal entries are set to zer... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Travelling salesman problem-Special cases-A very natural restriction of the TSP is to require that the distances between cities form a metric to satisfy the triangle inequality; that is the direct connection from A to B is never farther than the route via intermediate C: dAB\u2264dAC+dCB .The edge spans then build a m... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Neighbourhood components analysis-Explanation-This choice of objective function is preferable as it is differentiable with respect to A (denote xij=xi\u2212xj ): \u2202f\u2202A=\u22122A\u2211i\u2211j\u2208Cipij(xijxijT\u2212\u2211kpikxikxikT) =2A\u2211i(pi\u2211kpikxikxikT\u2212\u2211j\u2208CipijxijxijT) Obtaining a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Affine plane-Definitions-There are two ways to formally define affine planes, which are equivalent for affine planes over a field. The first one consists in defining an affine plane as a set on which a vector space of dimension two acts simply transitively. Intuitively, this means that an affine plane is a vector spac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Advanced load address table-Software support-Emulation is a technique that allows a computer to execute binary code that was compiled for a different type of computer. Before IBM's acquisition of QuickTransit in 2009, application binary software for IRIX/MIPS and Solaris/SPARC could run via type of emulation called \"... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Transparency meter-Industry Standards-ASTM International (formerly known as the American Society for Testing and Materials) is the main body which works within the industry and develops standards for various tests/instruments. They dictate that the industry standard for the clarity meter entails the following; 1. Refe... | large_corpus_distillation |
and Robinson had only three instructions in the fashion of the register-machine model, but they placed them in the register space together with their data. (Here COPY takes the place of CLEAR when one register e.g. \"z\" or \"0\" starts with and always contains 0. This trick is not unusual. The unit 1 in register \"uni... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Needham\u2013Schroeder protocol-The symmetric protocol-S\u2192A:{NA,KAB,B,{KAB,A,NB\u2032}KBS}KAS Note the inclusion of the nonce.The protocol then continues as described through the final three steps as described in the original protocol above. Note that NB\u2032 is a different nonce from NB . The inclusion of this... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Imprecise Dirichlet process-Categorical variables-For categorical variables, i.e., when X has a finite number of elements, it is known that the Dirichlet process reduces to a Dirichlet distribution.\nIn this case, the Imprecise Dirichlet Process reduces to the Imprecise Dirichlet model proposed by Walley as a model f... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Distributed Replicated Block Device-Comparison to RAID-1-In RAID, the redundancy exists in a layer transparent to the storage-using application. While there are two storage devices, there is only one instance of the application and the application is not aware of multiple copies. When the application reads, the RAID l... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Biased random walk on a graph-Applications-There are a variety of applications using biased random walks on graphs. Such applications include control of diffusion, advertisement of products on social networks, explaining dispersal and population redistribution of animals and micro-organisms, community detections, wire... | large_corpus_distillation |
"C data types-Fixed-width integer types-Least-width integer types that are guaranteed to be the smallest type available in the implementation, that has at least specified number n of bits. Guaranteed to be specified for at least N=8,16,32,64.\nFastest integer types that are guaranteed to be the fastest integer type ava... | large_corpus_distillation |
of software on a more specific level, even stronger security can be achieved. Since a lot of properties and behavior of the software is lost in compilation, it is significantly more difficult to detect vulnerabilities in machine code. By evaluating the source code, before the compilation, the theory and implementation ... | large_corpus_distillation |
length = (6 codes \u00d7 5 bits/code) + (11 codes \u00d7 6 bits/code) = 96 bits.Using LZW has saved 29 bits out of 125, reducing the message by more than 23%. If the message were longer, then the dictionary words would begin to represent longer and longer sections of text, sending repeated words very compactly." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Optimizing compiler-Factors affecting optimization-The machine itself Many of the choices about which optimizations can and should be done depend on the characteristics of the target machine. It is sometimes possible to parameterize some of these machine dependent factors, so that a single piece of compiler code can b... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Executable space protection-OS implementations-Non-execute functionality has also been present for other non-x86 processors supporting this functionality for many releases." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Vector space-Related concepts-Specific vectors in a vector spaceZero vector (sometimes also called null vector and denoted by 0 ), the additive identity in a vector space. In a normed vector space, it is the unique vector of norm zero. In a Euclidean vector space, it is the unique vector of length zero.\nBasis vector... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Frequent subtree mining-TreeMiner-Algorithm Candidate generation Frequent sub-tree patterns follow the anti-monotone property. In other words, the support of a k-sub-tree is less than or equal to the support of its (k-1)-sub-trees. Only super patterns of known frequent patterns can possibly be frequent. By utilizing t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Entry point-Exit point-In general, programs can exit at any time by returning to the operating system or crashing. Programs in interpreted languages return control to the interpreter, but programs in compiled languages must return to the operating system, otherwise the processor will simply continue executing beyond t... | large_corpus_distillation |
indexing, and retrieval.\nSUMO (Suggested Upper Merged Ontology) The Suggested Upper Merged Ontology (SUMO) is another comprehensive ontology project. It includes an upper ontology, created by the IEEE working group P1600.1 (originally by Ian Niles and Adam Pease). It is extended with many domain ontologies and a compl... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Music and emotion-Comparison of conveyed and elicited emotions-Elicited more than conveyed In another study analysis revealed that emotional responses were stronger than the listeners' perceptions of emotions. This study used a between-subjects design, where 20 listeners judged to what extent they perceived four emoti... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cooperative Linux-Limitations-Does not yet support 64-bit Windows or Linux (nor utilize more than 4GB memory), but a port is under development by the community.\nNo multi-processor (SMP) support. Linux applications and the underlying kernel are able to use only one CPU." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Flicker vertigo-Flicker vertigo-This phenomenon has been observed during helicopter flight; a Dr. Bucha identified the phenomenon in the 1950s when called upon to investigate a series of similar and unexplained helicopter crashes. Flicker vertigo in a helicopter occurs when the pilot or front passenger looks up throug... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ring homomorphism-Properties-Let f:R\u2192S be a ring homomorphism. Then, directly from these definitions, one can deduce: f(0R) = 0S.\nf(\u2212a) = \u2212f(a) for all a in R.\nFor any unit element a in R, f(a) is a unit element such that f(a\u22121) = f(a)\u22121. In particular, f induces a group homomorphism from t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Crowdsource (app)-Features-When using Smart Camera, the user can point the devices camera to an object, similar to how Google Lens is used. A dialogue opens when an item is detected. The app then says what it thinks it sees. The user can then confirm or deny this description. If the user confirms, the photo will be up... | large_corpus_distillation |
"PC-MOS/386-History-PC-MOS also figured prominently in the lawsuit Arizona Retail Systems, Inc. v. The Software Link, Inc., where Arizona Retail Systems claimed The Software Link violated implied warranties on PC-MOS. The case is notable because The Software Link argued that it had disclaimed the implied warranties via... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Security token-Vulnerabilities-Breach of codes In 2012, the Prosecco research team at INRIA Paris-Rocquencourt developed an efficient method of extracting the secret key from several PKCS #11 cryptographic devices. These findings were documented in INRIA Technical Report RR-7944, ID hal-00691958, and published at CRYP... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Table (database)-Comparisons-Hierarchical databases In non-relational systems, hierarchical databases, the distant counterpart of a table is a structured file, representing the rows of a table in each row of the file and each column in a row. This structure implies that a row can have repeating information, generally ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Preadditive category-Examples-The most obvious example of a preadditive category is the category Ab itself. More precisely, Ab is a closed monoidal category. Note that commutativity is crucial here; it ensures that the sum of two group homomorphisms is again a homomorphism. In contrast, the category of all groups is n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Adversarial machine learning-Defenses-Researchers have proposed a multi-step approach to protecting machine learning.\nThreat modeling \u2013 Formalize the attackers goals and capabilities with respect to the target system.\nAttack simulation \u2013 Formalize the optimization problem the attacker tries to solve accord... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tag system-Definitions-In this tag system, a positive integer n is represented by the word aa...a with n a's.\n2-tag system Alphabet: {a,b,c} Production rules: a --> bc b --> a c --> aaa Computation Initial word: aaa <--> n=3 abc cbc caaa aaaaa <--> 5 aaabc abcbc cbcbc cbcaaa caaaaaa aaaaaaaa <--> 8 aaaaaabc aaaabc... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extreme programming-Concept-Unit tests contribute to the rapid feedback principle. When writing code, running the unit test provides direct feedback as to how the system reacts to the changes made. This includes running not only the unit tests that test the developer's code, but running in addition all unit tests agai... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Inductive logic programming-Formal definition-The background knowledge is given as a logic theory B, commonly in the form of Horn clauses used in logic programming.\nThe positive and negative examples are given as a conjunction E+ and E\u2212 of unnegated and negated ground literals, respectively.\nA correct hypothe... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Permutation pattern-Computational complexity-Given a permutation \u03c4 (called the text) of length n and another permutation \u03c0 of length k (called the pattern), the permutation pattern matching (PPM) problem asks whether \u03c0 is contained in \u03c4 . When both n and k are regarded as variables, the pro... | large_corpus_distillation |
trains that cover the journey within a day. The seating is usually in 3x3 format.\nSleeper Class (SL) is configured similarly to 3A but is not air conditioned. There are typically ten to fifteen SL bogies in a train.\nSecond Class (Reserved) (2S) similar as CC, without the air-conditioning. These may be reserved in adv... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Verification and validation-Overview-Validation Validation is intended to ensure a product, service, or system (or portion thereof, or set thereof) results in a product, service, or system (or portion thereof, or set thereof) that meets the operational needs of the user. For a new development flow or verification flow... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dual linear program-Dual linear program-The dual of a given linear program (LP) is another LP that is derived from the original (the primal) LP in the following schematic way: Each variable in the primal LP becomes a constraint in the dual LP; Each constraint in the primal LP becomes a variable in the dual LP; The obj... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dissipative operator-Equivalent characterizations-Define the duality set of x \u2208 X, a subset of the dual space X' of X, by := {x\u2032\u2208X\u2032:\u2016x\u2032\u2016X\u20322=\u2016x\u2016X2=\u27e8x\u2032,x\u27e9}.\nBy the Hahn\u2013Banach theorem this set is nonempty. In the Hilbert space case (using the canonic... | large_corpus_distillation |
"One-time password-Generation-Using a mathematical algorithm where the new password is based on a challenge (e.g., a random number chosen by the authentication server or transaction details) and/or a counter." | large_corpus_distillation |
for attackers who do not know the private key x In addition, malicious implementations of DSA and ECDSA can be created where k is chosen in order to subliminally leak information via signatures. For example, an offline private key could be leaked from a perfect offline device that only released innocent-looking signa... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Extended periodic table-Predicted properties of eighth-period elements-Superactinides The superactinides may be considered to range from elements 121 through 157, which can be classified as the 5g and 6f elements of the eighth period, together with the first 7d element. In the superactinide series, the 7d3/2, 8p1/2, 6... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Intel Quark-Segfault bug-Intel Quark SoC X1000 contains a bug (#71538) that \"under specific circumstances\" results in a type of crash known as a segfault. The workaround implemented by Intel is to omit LOCK prefixes (not required on single-threaded processors) in the compiled code. While source-based embedded system... | large_corpus_distillation |
"2-satisfiability-Algorithms-In terms of the implication graph, two literals belong to the same strongly connected component whenever there exist chains of implications from one literal to the other and vice versa. Therefore, the two literals must have the same value in any satisfying assignment to the given 2-satisfia... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Satisfiability-Satisfiability-The problem of determining whether a formula in propositional logic is satisfiable is decidable, and is known as the Boolean satisfiability problem, or SAT. In general, the problem of determining whether a sentence of first-order logic is satisfiable is not decidable. In universal algebra... | large_corpus_distillation |
where \u03c1=\u221ax2+y2+z2 . Show that \u222d F(x,y,z)dV =2\u03c0\u222b \u03c12f(\u03c1)d\u03c1, where B is the region\nB a\nbetween the upper concentric hemispheres of radii a and b centered at the origin, with 0<a<b and F a spherical function defined on B.\n\u2212\u2212\u2212\u2212\u2212\u2212\u2212\u2212\u2212\u221... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Java annotation-Example-Annotations are often used by frameworks as a way of conveniently applying behaviours to user-defined classes and methods that must otherwise be declared in an external source (such as an XML configuration file) or programmatically (with API calls). The following, for example, is an annotated J... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Language-Study-Subdisciplines The academic study of language is conducted within many different disciplinary areas and from different theoretical angles, all of which inform modern approaches to linguistics. For example, descriptive linguistics examines the grammar of single languages, theoretical linguistics develops... | large_corpus_distillation |
9 May 1941. A similar coding system was used for weather reports from U-boats, the Wetterkurzschl\u00fcssel, (Weather Short Code Book). A copy of this had been captured from U-559 on 29 or 30 October 1942. These short signals had been used for deciphering 3-rotor Enigma messages and it was discovered that the new rotor... | large_corpus_distillation |
"PhotoRec-Functionality-FAT, NTFS, ext2/ext3/ext4 file systems store files in data blocks (also called data clusters under Windows). The cluster or block size remains at a constant number of sectors after being initialized during the formatting of the filesystem. In general, most operating systems try to store the data... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Modular arithmetic-Advanced properties-Quadratic residue: An integer a is a quadratic residue modulo n, if there exists an integer x such that x2 \u2261 a (mod n). Euler's criterion asserts that, if p is an odd prime, and a is not a multiple of p, then a is a quadratic residue modulo p if and only if mod p)." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Harmonic series (mathematics)-Applications-Analyzing algorithms The quicksort algorithm for sorting a set of items can be analyzed using the harmonic numbers. The algorithm operates by choosing one item as a \"pivot\", comparing it to all the others, and recursively sorting the two subsets of items whose comparison pl... | large_corpus_distillation |
from the moving window coefficients by x(t)=\u222cX\u03c4(\u03c9)h\u03c9\u2217(\u03c4\u2212t)d\u03c9d\u03c4=\u222cX\u03c4(\u03c9)h(\u03c4\u2212t)e\u2212j\u03c9[\u03c4\u2212t]d\u03c9d\u03c4=\u222cM\u03c4(\u03c9)ej\u03d5\u03c4(\u03c9)h(\u03c4\u2212t)e\u2212j\u03c9[\u03c4\u2212t]d\u03c9d\u03c4=\u222cM\u03c4(\u03c9)h(\u03c... | large_corpus_distillation |
Performance (timing closure), noise (signal integrity), and yield (Design for manufacturability) violations are removed.\nDesign for manufacturability: The design is modified, where possible, to make it as easy and efficient as possible to produce. This is achieved by adding extra vias or adding dummy metal/diffusion/p... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Basis (linear algebra)-Related notions-In high dimensions, two independent random vectors are with high probability almost orthogonal, and the number of independent random vectors, which all are with given high probability pairwise almost orthogonal, grows exponentially with dimension. More precisely, consider equidis... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Zune Social-Zune Social Badges-Album Power Listener Bronze - 200 or more plays Silver - 1,000 or more plays Gold - 5,000 or more playsArtist Power Listener Bronze - 200 or more plays Silver -1,000 or more plays Gold - 5,000 or more playsForums Contributor Bronze - 10 or more posts rated highly Silver - 25 or more post... | large_corpus_distillation |
sales will reach $25bn/yr by 2002.\nOctober: Intel announces the Itanium name.\nOctober: the term Itanic is first used in The Register.2000 February: Project Trillian delivers source code.\nJune: IDC predicts Itanium systems sales will reach $25bn/yr by 2003.\nJuly: Sun and Intel drop Solaris-on-Itanium plans.\nAugust:... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Rectangle-Properties-Symmetry A rectangle is cyclic: all corners lie on a single circle.\nIt is equiangular: all its corner angles are equal (each of 90 degrees).\nIt is isogonal or vertex-transitive: all corners lie within the same symmetry orbit.\nIt has two lines of reflectional symmetry and rotational symmetry of ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mixture model-Parameter estimation and system identification-For each i, generate mi random numbers from the Fi distribution." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Subderivative-The subgradient-The concepts of subderivative and subdifferential can be generalized to functions of several variables. If f:U\u2192R is a real-valued convex function defined on a convex open set in the Euclidean space Rn , a vector v in that space is called a subgradient at x0\u2208U if for any x\u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fractal tree index-Fractal tree index-In computer science, a fractal tree index is a tree data structure that keeps data sorted and allows searches and sequential access in the same time as a B-tree but with insertions and deletions that are asymptotically faster than a B-tree. Like a B-tree, a fractal tree index is a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cartesian product-Examples-A deck of cards An illustrative example is the standard 52-card deck. The standard playing card ranks {A, K, Q, J, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2} form a 13-element set. The card suits {\u2660, \u2665, \u2666, \u2663} form a four-element set. The Cartesian product of these sets returns a 52-elem... | large_corpus_distillation |
performed while the results are computed.\nWe can retrieve the result of the computation, blocking if necessary (i.e. results not yet available).The functional codes in this example correspond to four types Condition, Split, Execute, and Merge.\nThe ShouldSplit class implements the Condition interface. The function rec... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Non-negative matrix factorization-Types-Online NMF Many standard NMF algorithms analyze all the data together; i.e., the whole matrix is available from the start. This may be unsatisfactory in applications where there are too many data to fit into memory or where the data are provided in streaming fashion. One such us... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Method overriding-Language-specific examples-In class ADVICE the feature message is given an implementation that differs from that of its precursor in class THOUGHT." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Differential structure-Differential structures on topological manifolds-As mentioned above, in dimensions smaller than 4, there is only one differential structure for each topological manifold. That was proved by Tibor Rad\u00f3 for dimension 1 and 2, and by Edwin E. Moise in dimension 3. By using obstruction theory, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"UIC classification of railway coaches-Vehicle number-The fifth digit of the Coach number defines the type: 0 = private coach 1 = first class seating coach (A) 2 = second seating class coach (B) 3 = mixed classes seating coach (AB) 4 = first or mixed class couchette coach (Ac, ABc) 5 = second class couchette coach (Bc)... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bipartite graph-Properties-According to the strong perfect graph theorem, the perfect graphs have a forbidden graph characterization resembling that of bipartite graphs: a graph is bipartite if and only if it has no odd cycle as a subgraph, and a graph is perfect if and only if it has no odd cycle or its complement as... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Language identification in the limit-Mind change bound-A bound over the number of hypothesis changes that occur before convergence." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Scala (programming language)-Concurrency-An Actor is like a thread instance with a mailbox. It can be created by system.actorOf, overriding the receive method to receive messages and using the ! (exclamation point) method to send a message.\nThe following example shows an EchoServer that can receive messages and then ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Insertion sort-Relation to other sorting algorithms-While some divide-and-conquer algorithms such as quicksort and mergesort outperform insertion sort for larger arrays, non-recursive sorting algorithms such as insertion sort or selection sort are generally faster for very small arrays (the exact size varies by enviro... | large_corpus_distillation |
"JSONP-Security concerns-An effort was undertaken around 2011 to define a safer strict subset definition for JSONP that browsers would be able to enforce on script requests with a specific MIME type such as \"application/json-p\". If the response did not parse as strict JSONP, the browser could throw an error or just i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"R8000-Description-The chip set consisted of the R8000 microprocessor, the R8010 floating-point unit, two Tag RAMs, and the streaming cache. The R8000 is superscalar, capable of issuing up to four instructions per cycle, and executes instructions in program order. It has a five-stage integer pipeline.\nR8000 The R8000 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"K-means clustering-Applications-Feature learning k-means clustering has been used as a feature learning (or dictionary learning) step, in either (semi-)supervised learning or unsupervised learning. The basic approach is first to train a k-means clustering representation, using the input training data (which need not b... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Book-Types-Books with technical information on how to do something or how to use some equipment are called instruction manuals. Other popular how-to books include cookbooks and home improvement books.\nStudents typically store and carry textbooks and schoolbooks for study purposes.\nUnpublished Many types of book are ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Anticommutative property-Anticommutative property-In mathematical physics, where symmetry is of central importance, these operations are mostly called antisymmetric operations, and are extended in an associative setting to cover more than two arguments." | large_corpus_distillation |
"English verbs-Inflected forms-Base form The base form or plain form of an English verb is not marked by any inflectional ending." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gradient boosting-History-The latter two papers introduced the view of boosting algorithms as iterative functional gradient descent algorithms. That is, algorithms that optimize a cost function over function space by iteratively choosing a function (weak hypothesis) that points in the negative gradient direction. This... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quadratic residuosity problem-Applications-The intractability of the quadratic residuosity problem is the basis for the security of the Blum Blum Shub pseudorandom number generator. It also yields the public key Goldwasser\u2013Micali cryptosystem. as well as the identity based Cocks scheme." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Dissociated press-The algorithm-The algorithm starts by printing a number of consecutive words (or letters) from the source text. Then it searches the source text for an occurrence of the few last words or letters printed out so far. If multiple occurrences are found, it picks a random one, and proceeds with printing ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"News style-News style-News style, journalistic style, or news-writing style is the prose style used for news reporting in media such as newspapers, radio and television.\nNews writing attempts to answer all the basic questions about any particular event\u2014who, what, when, where and why (the Five Ws) and also often ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Algebra over a field-Classification of low-dimensional unital associative algebras over the complex numbers-It remains to specify aa=1 for the first algebra, aa=0 for the second algebra.There exist five such three-dimensional algebras. Each algebra consists of linear combinations of three basis elements, 1 (the identi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Partial derivative-Gradient-A common abuse of notation is to define the del operator (\u2207) as follows in three-dimensional Euclidean space R3 with unit vectors i^,j^,k^ Or, more generally, for n-dimensional Euclidean space Rn with coordinates x1,\u2026,xn and unit vectors e^1,\u2026,e^n " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Monoid-Examples-The set of natural numbers N = {0, 1, 2, ...} is a commutative monoid under addition (identity element 0) or multiplication (identity element 1). A submonoid of N under addition is called a numerical monoid.\nThe set of positive integers N \u2216 {0} is a commutative monoid under multiplication (identi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Ioctl-Background-Though an expedient design for accessing standard kernel facilities, system calls are sometimes inappropriate for accessing non-standard hardware peripherals. By necessity, most hardware peripherals (aka devices) are directly addressable only within the kernel. But user code may need to communicate di... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Macro (computer science)-Keyboard and mouse macros-XEDIT, running on the Conversational Monitor System (CMS) component of VM, supports macros written in EXEC, EXEC2 and REXX, and some CMS commands were actually wrappers around XEDIT macros. The Hessling Editor (THE), a partial clone of XEDIT, supports Rexx macros usin... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Temporal multithreading-Comparison to simultaneous multithreading-In any of its forms, temporal multithreading is similar in many ways to simultaneous multithreading. As in the simultaneous process, the hardware must store a complete set of states per concurrent thread implemented. The hardware must also preserve the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Queue management system-What is a queue management system?-A queue management system is a set of tools and sub-systems assist in controlling customers\u2019 flow, managing the waiting time and enhancing customers\u2019 experience for multiple industries including banking, healthcare, retails, education, government, an... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Significant figures-Writing uncertainty and implied uncertainty-The digit positions of the last significant figures in xbest and \u03c3x are the same, otherwise the consistency is lost. For example, in 1.79 \u00b1 0.067 (incorrect), it does not make sense to have more accurate uncertainty than the best estimate. 1.79 ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Complexity function-Complexity function of a language-A polynomial or sparse language is one for which the complexity function p(n) is bounded by a fixed power of n. A regular language which is not polynomial is exponential: there are infinitely many n for which p(n) is greater than kn for some fixed k > 1." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Backgammon notation-Backgammon notation-If a move results in a checker being hit, this is indicated by adding an asterisk to the number denoting the point at which the checker was hit. For example, 13/7* denotes a checker moving from the 13-point and hitting an opposing checker at the 7-point. Similarly, 13/7*/5 denot... | large_corpus_distillation |
that 0.40>0.04.\nHow does 0.31 compare to 0.308? This doesn\u2019t translate into money to make it easy to compare. But if we convert 0.31 and 0.308\ninto fractions, we can tell which is larger.\nTable 1.9.2\n0.31 0.308\n31 308\nConvert to fractions.\n100 1000\nWe need a common denominator to\ncompare them.\n310 308\n1... | large_corpus_distillation |
"CDDB-Classical music-At its origin, CDDB was oriented towards pop/rock music with the typical artist/album/song structure. Their database often lacks adequate information on classical music CDs, mostly due to its structure, which originally lacked a standard way of storing composers' names. In 2007, Gracenote announce... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Principal ideal domain-Examples-Examples include: K : any field, Z : the ring of integers, K[x] : rings of polynomials in one variable with coefficients in a field. (The converse is also true, i.e. if A[x] is a PID then A is a field.) Furthermore, a ring of formal power series in one variable over a field is a PID s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pearson hashing-Pearson hashing-It executes quickly on resource-limited processors.\nThere is no simple class of inputs for which collisions (identical outputs) are especially likely.\nGiven a small, privileged set of inputs (e.g., reserved words for a compiler), the permutation table can be adjusted so that those inp... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Unikernel-Design-By reducing the amount of code deployed, unikernels necessarily reduce the likely attack surface and therefore have improved security properties.An example unikernel-based messaging client has around 4% the size of the equivalent code bases using Linux.Due to the nature of their construction, it is po... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Region-based memory management-History and concepts-A restriction of C called Control-C limits programs to use regions (and only a single region at a time), as part of its design to statically ensure memory safety." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones Award-Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones Award-To commemorate the achievements of Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones, the Karen Sp\u00e4rck Jones Award was created in 2008 by the British Computer Society (BCS) and its Information Retrieval Specialist Group (BCS IRSG), which is sponsored by Microsoft Research.The win... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Personal information management-Overview-About \"me\". This refers especially to information (sometimes referred to as personal data) kept by others such as credit records, health records, search history, etc. Such information can greatly impact a person's reputation, treatment and ability to get things done and raise... | large_corpus_distillation |
"One-time pad-One-time pad-The resulting ciphertext will be impossible to decrypt or break if the following four conditions are met: The key must be at least as long as the plaintext." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lexical semantics-Classification of event types-Intransitive verbs: unaccusative versus unergative The unaccusative hypothesis was put forward by David Perlmutter in 1987, and describes how two classes of intransitive verbs have two different syntactic structures. These are unaccusative verbs and unergative verbs. The... | large_corpus_distillation |
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