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The elements that are skipped over may be chosen probabilistically or deterministically, with the former being more common." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Todd\u2013Coxeter algorithm-Description of the algorithm-One implementation of the algorithm proceeds as follows. Suppose that G=\u27e8X\u2223R\u27e9 , where X is a set of generators and R is a set of relations and denote by X\u2032 the set of generators X and their inverses. Let H=\u27e8h1,h2,\u2026,hs\u27e9 wh... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Substitution cipher-Types-In the Vigen\u00e8re cipher, the first row of the tableau is filled out with a copy of the plaintext alphabet, and successive rows are simply shifted one place to the left. (Such a simple tableau is called a tabula recta, and mathematically corresponds to adding the plaintext and key letters,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tate's algorithm-The algorithm-Step 10. Otherwise if \u03c06 does not divide a6 then the type is II* and f=v(\u0394)\u22128 and c = 1.\nStep 11. Otherwise the equation is not minimal. Divide each an by \u03c0n and go back to step 1." | large_corpus_distillation |
E(X) exists if and only if either E(X+)<\u221e or\nE(X\u2212)<\u221e.\nOur next goal is to restate the basic theorems and properties of integrals, but in the notation of probability. Unless otherwise noted, all random variables are\nassumed to be real-valued.\nBasic Properties\nThe Linear Properties\nPerhaps the most i... | large_corpus_distillation |
and a dynamic programming technique in which the optimal solution is precomputed for all small connected subgraphs of the complement graph. These partial solutions are used to shortcut the backtracking recursion. The fastest algorithm known today is a refined version of this method by Robson (2001) which runs in time O... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Format-preserving encryption-Algorithms-FPE for JPEG 2000 encryption In JPEG 2000 standard, the marker codes (in the range 0xFF90 through 0xFFFF) should not appear in the plaintext and ciphertext. The simple modular-0xFF90 technique cannot be applied to solve the JPEG 2000 encryption problem. For example, the cipherte... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Max-flow min-cut theorem-Application-Image segmentation problem In the image segmentation problem, there are n pixels. Each pixel i can be assigned a foreground value \u2009fi or a background value bi. There is a penalty of pij if pixels i, j are adjacent and have different assignments. The problem is to assign pixels... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Bartlett's test-Bartlett's test-In a Bartlett test, we construct the null and alternative hypothesis. For this purpose several test procedures have been devised. The test procedure due to M.S.E (Mean Square Error/Estimator) Bartlett test is represented here. This test procedure is based on the statistic whose sampling... | large_corpus_distillation |
"One-pass compiler-Difficulties-One solution to this is for the compiler to emit assembler source (with compiler-generated labels as the destinations for jumps, etc.), and the assembler would determine the actual addresses. But this clearly requires an additional pass through (a version of) the source file and so is di... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Buffer overflow protection-Canaries-The terminology is a reference to the historic practice of using canaries in coal mines, since they would be affected by toxic gases earlier than the miners, thus providing a biological warning system. Canaries are alternately known as cookies, which is meant to evoke the image of a... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Collective operation-All-Reduce-The all-reduce pattern (also called allreduce) is used if the result of a reduce operation (\u00a7 Reduce) must be distributed to all processing units. Given p processing units, message mi is on processing unit pi initially. All mi are aggregated by an operator \u2297 and the resul... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Subordinator (mathematics)-Definition-Subordinators are the stochastic processes X=(Xt)t\u22650 that have all of the following properties: X0=0 almost surely X is non-negative, meaning Xt\u22650 for all t X has stationary increments, meaning that for t\u22650 and h>0 , the distribution of the random variable :=... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Unit testing-Advantages-Test-driven development In test-driven development (TDD), which is frequently used in both extreme programming and scrum, unit tests are created before the code itself is written. When the tests pass, that code is considered complete. The same unit tests are run against that function frequently... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pageview-Advertisement-Since page views help estimate the popularity of sites, it helps determine their value for advertising revenue. The most common metric is CPM. It stands for 'Cost per thousand'(the M is the Roman numeral for 1,000) and it is commonly used metrics to measure page views divided by the thousands, t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"ChatScript-Pos-tagging, parsing, and ontology-ChatScript comes with a copy of English WordNet embedded within, including its ontology, and creates and extends its own ontology via concept declarations. It has an English language pos-tagger and parser and supports integration with TreeTagger for pos-tagging a number of... | large_corpus_distillation |
and the total time is O(m log*n). In a model of computation where each edge weight is a machine integer, the use of repeated bisection in this algorithm can be replaced by a list-splitting technique of Han & Thorup (2002), allowing S to be split into O(\u221am) smaller sets Si in a single step and leading to a linear o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"State diagram-State diagrams versus flowcharts-Nodes of flowcharts are edges in the induced graph of states.\nThe reason is that each node in a flowchart represents a program command.\nA program command is an action to be executed.\nSo it is not a state, but when applied to the program's state, it results in a transit... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Antipodes-Air travel between antipodes-Other near-antipodal major city pairs include: Hamilton, Bermuda and Perth: 19,966 km (12,406 mi) apart Taipei and Asuncion: 19,912 km (12,373 mi) apart Santiago and Xi'an: 19,897 km (12,363 mi) apart Madrid and Wellington: 19,876 km (12,350 mi) apart Tangier and Auckland: 19,859... | large_corpus_distillation |
FINDING A POTENTIAL FUNCTION FOR A CONSERVATIVE VECTOR\n\u21c0\nFIELD F(x,y)=\u27e8P(x,y),Q(x,y)\u27e9\n1. Integrate P with respect to x. This results in a function of the form g(x,y)+h(y), where h(y) is unknown.\n2. Take the partial derivative of g(x,y)+h(y) with respect to y, which results in the function gy(x,y)+h'(... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Polygon partition-Partitioning a rectilinear polygon into rectangles-Minimizing the number of components The problem of minimizing the number of component rectangles is polynomial: several polynomial-time algorithms are known. See :\u200a10\u201313\u200a and :\u200a3\u20135\u200a for surveys.\nThe problem of partition... | large_corpus_distillation |
"GPS in the earthmoving industry-Indicate only-Indicate only uses GPS positioning information as a guide to the operator. Depending on the system used, the machine position can be displayed over the specific design site that was created for the earthmoving project. This system relies on the operator to steer and move t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Surjective function-Examples-The natural logarithm function ln : (0, +\u221e) \u2192 R is a surjective and even bijective (mapping from the set of positive real numbers to the set of all real numbers). Its inverse, the exponential function, if defined with the set of real numbers as the domain, is not surjective (as i... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Chromatic polynomial-Properties-While the real line thus has large parts that contain no chromatic roots for any graph, every point in the complex plane is arbitrarily close to a chromatic root in the sense that there exists an infinite family of graphs whose chromatic roots are dense in the complex plane.\nColorings ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Irrational number-Irrational powers-The base of the left side is irrational and the right side is rational, so one must prove that the exponent on the left side, log 2\u20613 , is irrational. This is so because, by the formula relating logarithms with different bases, log log log log log 2\u20613 which we can assume,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pythagorean prime-Values and density-The first few Pythagorean primes are By Dirichlet's theorem on arithmetic progressions, this sequence is infinite. More strongly, for each n , the numbers of Pythagorean and non-Pythagorean primes up to n are approximately equal. However, the number of Pythagorean primes up to n... | large_corpus_distillation |
space are exactly those functions with pole order restricted below a given threshold, with the restriction being encoded in the coefficients of a corresponding divisor. Evaluating those functions at the rational points on an algebraic curve X over Fq (that is, the points in Fq2 on the curve X ) gives a code in the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pointer jumping-List ranking-For any other node, d(n) = d(n.next) + 1.This problem can easily be solved in linear time on a sequential machine, but a parallel algorithm can do better: given n processors, the problem can be solved in logarithmic time, O(log N), by the following pointer jumping algorithm::\u200a693\u200... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Temporal information retrieval-Temporal information retrieval-T-IR, in general, aims at satisfying these temporal needs and at combining traditional notions of document relevance with the so-called temporal relevance. This will enable the return of temporally relevant documents, thus providing a temporal overview of t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Addressing mode-Obsolete addressing modes-In the case of early models of the PDP-10, which did not have any cache memory, a tight inner loop loaded into the first few words of memory (where the fast registers were addressable if installed) ran much faster than it would have in magnetic core memory.\nLater models of th... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Automated readability index-Automated readability index-The formula for calculating the automated readability index is given below: 4.71 characters words 0.5 words sentences 21.43 where characters is the number of letters and numbers, words is the number of spaces, and sentences is the number of sentences, which were ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"IP (complexity)-Proof of IP = PSPACE-The proof can be divided in two parts, we show that IP \u2286 PSPACE and PSPACE \u2286 IP." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Generator (computer programming)-Uses-When eager evaluation is desirable (primarily when the sequence is finite, as otherwise evaluation will never terminate), one can either convert to a list, or use a parallel construction that creates a list instead of a generator. For example, in Python a generator g can be evalua... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Marine and Petroleum Geology-Abstracting and indexing-The journal is abstracted and indexed in: According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2017 impact factor of 3.281." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Mycin-Method-Evidence combination In MYCIN it was possible that two or more rules might draw conclusions about a parameter with different weights of evidence. For example, one rule may conclude that the organism in question is E. Coli with a certainty of 0.8 whilst another concludes that it is E. Coli with a certainty... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Laplacian matrix-Definitions for graphs with weighted edges-The name of the random-walk normalized Laplacian comes from the fact that this matrix is rw {\\textstyle L^{\\text{rw}}=I-P} , where {\\textstyle P=D^{+}A} is simply the transition matrix of a random walker on the graph, assuming non-negative weights. For e... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Null set-Definition-Suppose A is a subset of the real line R such that for every \u03b5>0, there exists a sequence U1,U2,\u2026 of open intervals (where interval Un=(an,bn)\u2286R has length length \u2061(Un)=bn\u2212an ) such that then A is a null set, also known as a set of zero-content.\nIn terminology of ma... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Apophony-Replacive morphemes-Another analytical perspective on sound alternations treats the phenomena not as merely alternation but rather a \"replacive\" morpheme that replaces part of a word. In this analysis, the alternation between goose/geese may be thought of as goose being the basic form where -ee- is a replac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Verifiable credentials-Verifiable Credentials Data Model 1.0-Composition Verifiable Credentials may be expressed using JSON and is typically composed of: Context Issuer Issue timestamp Expiry timestamp Type Subject Subject identity attributes Cryptographic proof to ensure the integrity and authenticity of the VC Alias... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Pretty Easy privacy-Pretty Easy privacy-It exists as a plugin for Microsoft Outlook and Mozilla Thunderbird as well as a mobile app for Android and iOS. p\u2261p also works under Microsoft Windows, Unix-like and Mac OS X operating systems. Its cryptographic functionality is handled by an open-source p\u2261p engine re... | large_corpus_distillation |
Sixth Edition UNIX.\"So called remote shells such as a Remote Shell (rsh) a Secure Shell (ssh)are really just tools to run a more complex shell on a remote system and have no 'shell' like characteristics themselves." | large_corpus_distillation |
(Gazdar/Melish, Natural Language Processing in Lisp), where S=sentence, NP=Noun Phrase, VP=Verb Phrase, V=Verb: Example of source code S-expressions Program code can be written in S-expressions, usually using prefix notation." | large_corpus_distillation |
"BookScouter.com-History-BookScouter was founded in 2007 by Brandon Checketts. Checketts developed this price-comparison website to help students and recent graduates sell their used college books. He first came up with this idea when he heard about how his wife's friend was selling her old college books to pay off her... | large_corpus_distillation |
"77 (number)-77 (number)-77 (seventy-seven) is the natural number following 76 and preceding 78. Seventy-seven is the smallest positive integer requiring five syllables in English." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Irrational number-Set of all irrationals-Furthermore, the set of all irrationals is a disconnected metrizable space. In fact, the irrationals equipped with the subspace topology have a basis of clopen groups so the space is zero-dimensional." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Info-gap decision theory-Example: resource allocation-If, for some allocation q , we will illustrate the correlation between the windfall revenue and the robustness, we will have a graph somewhat similar to Figure 10. This graph, called opportuneness curve of allocation q , has two important features, that are commo... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Integral linearity-Integral linearity-In the context of a digital-to-analog converter (DAC) or an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), independent linearity is fitted to minimize the deviation with respect to the ideal behaviour with no constraints. Other types of integral linearity place constraints on the symmetry or ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Spurious relationship-Literature-David A. Freedman (1983) A Note on Screening Regression Equations, The American Statistician, 37:2, 152-155, DOI: 10.1080/00031305.1983.10482729 " | large_corpus_distillation |
"Gadfly (database)-Concurrency-Because it lacks true concurrency control and file-system based indexing it is not appropriate for very large multiprocess transaction-based systems.\nTwo applications may access the same database concurrently. However, changes made by one application may not be seen by the other applicat... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Class number problem-Modern developments-The general case awaited the discovery of Dorian Goldfeld in 1976 that the class number problem could be connected to the L-functions of elliptic curves. This effectively reduced the question of effective determination to one about establishing the existence of a multiple zero ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Medical photography-The profession-The BioCommunications Association, in a survey commissioned in 2008 of individuals working in medical photography, found that most medical photographers are employed by university affiliated hospitals and research centers. Ten percent were freelancers working in specialty clinics suc... | large_corpus_distillation |
system is very high. The term Linux adoption, often overlooks that operating system or other uses such as in ChromeOS that also use the Linux kernel (but have almost nothing else in common, not even the name \u2013 Linux \u2013 usually applied; while Android is the most popular variant \u2013 in fact the most popular o... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Quantifier rank-Quantifier rank-In mathematical logic, the quantifier rank of a formula is the depth of nesting of its quantifiers. It plays an essential role in model theory.\nNotice that the quantifier rank is a property of the formula itself (i.e. the expression in a language). Thus two logically equivalent formula... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Data parallelism-History-Most data parallel hardware supports only a fixed number of parallel levels, often only one. This means that within a parallel operation it is not possible to launch more parallel operations recursively, and means that programmers cannot make use of nested hardware parallelism. The programming... | large_corpus_distillation |
and the line along the ground toward the top of the tree is again marked. The intersection of these two lines should be position on the ground directly underneath the top of the tree. Once this position is known the height of the treetop above this point can be measured using the tangent method without the need for a l... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Variation of information-Identities-The variation of information can also be bounded, either in terms of the number of elements: log \u2061(n) ,Or with respect to a maximum number of clusters, K\u2217 log \u2061(K\u2217) " | large_corpus_distillation |
"7.5: Best Unbiased Estimators\nBasic Theory\nX\nConsider again the basic statistical model, in which we have a random experiment that results in an observable random variable\nS n\ntaking values in a set . Once again, the experiment is typically to sample objects from a population and record one or more\nmeasurements ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Frobenius normal form-Example-A has minimal polynomial \u03bc=X6\u22124X4\u22122X3+4X2+4X+1 , so that the dimension of a subspace generated by the repeated images of a single vector is at most 6. The characteristic polynomial is 10 X4+2X3\u22127X2\u22125X\u22121 , which is a multiple of the minimal polynomial by a f... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Tensor rank decomposition-Tensor rank-The Abo\u2013Ottaviani\u2013Peterson conjecture states that equality is expected, i.e., r(I1,\u2026,IM)=rE(I1,\u2026,IM) , with the following exceptional cases: with m=1,2,\u2026 with m=2,3,\u2026 In each of these exceptional cases, the generic rank is known to be r(I1,\u2026,... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Frame (networking)-Time-division multiplex-In telecommunications, specifically in time-division multiplex (TDM) and time-division multiple access (TDMA) variants, a frame is a cyclically repeated data block that consists of a fixed number of time slots, one for each logical TDM channel or TDMA transmitter. In this con... | large_corpus_distillation |
h and the training labels. Suppose we have h . To minimize the objective, we\nm m\u22121\n\ufffd \u02c6\ncan select a useful direction, h(\u03b8 ), along which the objective seems to decrease. This is\nm\nexactly how we derived the base learners. We can then find the minimum of the objective\n\ufffd \ufffd \u02c6\nby m... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Return-oriented programming-Background-Borrowed code chunks The rise of 64-bit x86 processors brought with it a change to the subroutine calling convention that required the first few arguments to a function to be passed in registers instead of on the stack. This meant that an attacker could no longer set up a library... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Elkies trinomial curves-Elkies trinomial curves-In number theory, the Elkies trinomial curves are certain hyperelliptic curves constructed by Noam Elkies which have the property that rational points on them correspond to trinomial polynomials giving an extension of Q with particular Galois groups.\nOne curve, C168, gi... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Digital asset management-Categorization-When not being worked on assets can be held in a DAM in a variety of formats, including blob (binary large object in a database) or as a file in a normal file system, that are \"cheaper\" to store than the form needed during operations on them. This makes it possible to implemen... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Odds-Gambling usage-Decimal odds are also known as European odds, digital odds or continental odds.\nMoneyline odds Moneyline odds are favoured by American bookmakers. The figure quoted is either positive or negative.\nWhen moneyline odds are positive, the figure indicates how much money will be won on a $100 wager (t... | large_corpus_distillation |
"K\u0151nig's theorem (graph theory)-Weighted variants-Theorem for vertex-weighted graphs One can consider a graph in which each vertex v has a non-negative integer weight bv. The weight vector is denoted by b. The b-weight of a vertex-cover is the sum of bv for all v in the cover. A b-matching is an assignment of a no... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Singular value decomposition-Applications of the SVD-In general numerical computation involving linear or linearized systems, there is a universal constant that characterizes the regularity or singularity of a problem, which is the system's \"condition number\" := max min . It often controls the error rate or converg... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Currying-Definition-Curried functions may be used in any programming language that supports closures; however, uncurried functions are generally preferred for efficiency reasons, since the overhead of partial application and closure creation can then be avoided for most function calls." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Prime power-Properties-Algebraic properties Prime powers are powers of prime numbers. Every prime power (except powers of 2) has a primitive root; thus the multiplicative group of integers modulo pn (that is, the group of units of the ring Z/pnZ) is cyclic.The number of elements of a finite field is always a prime pow... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Remainder-Integer division-Examples In the division of 43 by 5, we have: 43 = 8 \u00d7 5 + 3,so 3 is the least positive remainder. We also have that: 43 = 9 \u00d7 5 \u2212 2,and \u22122 is the least absolute remainder.\nThese definitions are also valid if d is negative, for example, in the division of 43 by \u22125, ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Glossary of computer science-C-character A unit of information that roughly corresponds to a grapheme, grapheme-like unit, or symbol, such as in an alphabet or syllabary in the written form of a natural language.\ncipher Also cypher.\nIn cryptography, an algorithm for performing encryption or decryption\u2014a series ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Annualized loss expectancy-Annualized loss expectancy-The annualized loss expectancy (ALE) is the product of the annual rate of occurrence (ARO) and the single loss expectancy (SLE). It is mathematically expressed as: ALE ARO SLE Suppose that an asset is valued at $100,000, and the Exposure Factor (EF) for this asset ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Software assurance-Tools-Dynamic analysis tools: These tools analyze the behavior of a software application while it is running, to identify defects or vulnerabilities that may not be apparent in the source code. Dynamic analysis tools can be used to detect issues related to performance, memory usage, and security.[25... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Regulated rewriting-Programmed Grammars-Basic concepts Definition A Programmed Grammar is a pair (G,s) where G=(N,T,P,S) is a grammar and s,f:P\u21922P are the success and fail functions from the set of productions to the class of subsets of the set of productions." | large_corpus_distillation |
"7) If 0<|x\u22123|<\u03b4, then |f(x)+1|<1.\n8) If 0<|x\u22123|<\u03b4, then |f(x)+1|<2.\nAnswer\n\u03b4\u22642\nThe following graph of the function f satisfies limf(x)=2. In the following exercises, for each value of \u03b5, find a value of \u03b4>0\nx\u21923\nsuch that the precise definition of limit holds true.\n9)... | large_corpus_distillation |
to binary and back again to decimal, no round-off error would occur and accuracy actually would be better. Excel has the option to \"Set precision as displayed\"." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Semantic similarity-Measures-Align, Disambiguate, and Walk: Random walks on Semantic Networks Node-and-Relation-Content-based applicable to ontology consider properties (content) of nodes consider types (content) of relations based on eTVSM based on Resnik's similarity Pairwise maximum of the pairwise similarities com... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Fault tree analysis-Methodology-Some industries use both fault trees and event trees (see Probabilistic Risk Assessment). An event tree starts from an undesired initiator (loss of critical supply, component failure etc.) and follows possible further system events through to a series of final consequences. As each new ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"78xx-Family members-78xx There are common configurations for 78xx ICs, including 7805 (5 V), 7806 (6 V), 7808 (8 V), 7809 (9 V), 7810 (10 V), 7812 (12 V), 7815 (15 V), 7818 (18 V), and 7824 (24 V) versions. The 7805 is the most common, as its regulated 5-volt supply provides a convenient power source for most TTL comp... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Lesk algorithm-Overview-The Lesk algorithm is based on the assumption that words in a given \"neighborhood\" (section of text) will tend to share a common topic. A simplified version of the Lesk algorithm is to compare the dictionary definition of an ambiguous word with the terms contained in its neighborhood. Version... | large_corpus_distillation |
techniques rely on the experience of the human tester.\nSuggested test design techniques in this group are: Error Guessing ISO/IEC/IEEE 29119-5:2016, Part 5: Keyword-driven testing This standard covers keyword-driven testing, an approach to specifying software tests (normally automated) used in the software testing ind... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Drama theory-Basics of drama theory-In the build-up phase of an episode, the characters exchange ideas and opinions in some form or another and try to advocate their preferred position \u2013 the game outcome that they are hoping to see realised. The position each character takes may be influenced by others' positions... | large_corpus_distillation |
There are also 15 other ways of setting all the variables so that the formula becomes true. Therefore, the 2-satisfiability instance represented by this expression is satisfiable." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cholesky decomposition-Proof for positive semi-definite matrices-Therefore, A=LL\u2217 . Because the underlying vector space is finite-dimensional, all topologies on the space of operators are equivalent. So (Lk)k tends to L in norm means (Lk)k tends to L entrywise. This in turn implies that, since each Lk is... | large_corpus_distillation |
each ideal is generated by a power of p.\nIt is a local ring of Krull dimension one, since its only prime ideals are the zero ideal and the ideal generated by p, the unique maximal ideal.\nIt is a discrete valuation ring, since this results from the preceding properties.\nIt is the completion of the local ring Z(p)={n... | large_corpus_distillation |
"W-shingling-W-shingling-In natural language processing a w-shingling is a set of unique shingles (therefore n-grams) each of which is composed of contiguous subsequences of tokens within a document, which can then be used to ascertain the similarity between documents. The symbol w denotes the quantity of tokens in eac... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Teeth cleaning-Teeth cleaning-Teeth cleaning is part of oral hygiene and involves the removal of dental plaque from teeth with the intention of preventing cavities (dental caries), gingivitis, and periodontal disease. People routinely clean their own teeth by brushing and interdental cleaning, and dental hygienists ca... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Control unit-Preventing stalls-Results from memory can become available at unpredictable times because very fast computers cache memory. That is, they copy limited amounts of memory data into very fast memory. The CPU must be designed to process at the very fast speed of the cache memory. Therefore, the CPU might stal... | large_corpus_distillation |
cubic equations. He also developed the concept of a function. The Indian mathematicians Mahavira and Bhaskara II, the Persian mathematician Al-Karaji, and the Chinese mathematician Zhu Shijie, solved various cases of cubic, quartic, quintic and higher-order polynomial equations using numerical methods. In the 13th cent... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Uniformly bounded representation-Uniformly bounded representation-In mathematics, a uniformly bounded representation T of a locally compact group G on a Hilbert space H is a homomorphism into the bounded invertible operators which is continuous for the strong operator topology, and such that sup g\u2208G\u2016Tg\u... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Manifold regularization-Manifold regularizer-Graph-based approach of the Laplacian norm When the distances between input points are interpreted as a graph, then the Laplacian matrix of the graph can help to estimate the marginal distribution. Suppose that the input data include \u2113 labeled examples (pairs of an in... | large_corpus_distillation |
provide support for concurrency in the form of libraries, at levels roughly comparable with the above list." | large_corpus_distillation |
hash digests. Therefore \"for digests of 24 bits it is possible to store up to 168,617 MAC addresses with the rate of collisions less than 1%\"." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Cayley\u2013Purser algorithm-Overview-Key generation Like RSA, Cayley-Purser begins by generating two large primes p and q and their product n, a semiprime. Next, consider GL(2,n), the general linear group of 2\u00d72 matrices with integer elements and modular arithmetic mod n. For example, if n=5, we could write: [01... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Copyscape-Functionality-Given the URL or text of the original content, Copyscape returns a list of web pages that contain similar text to all or parts of this content. It also shows the matching text highlighted on the found web page. Copyscape banners can be placed on a web page to warn potential plagiarists not to s... | large_corpus_distillation |
"Entropy of network ensembles-Entropy of network ensembles-A set of networks that satisfies given structural characteristics can be treated as a network ensemble. Brought up by Ginestra Bianconi in 2007, the entropy of a network ensemble measures the level of the order or uncertainty of a network ensemble.The entropy i... | large_corpus_distillation |
has contributed to N keys (ending with their own). However, this requires that every participant perform N modular exponentiations." | large_corpus_distillation |
"Types of artificial neural networks-Memory networks-One-shot associative memory This type of network can add new patterns without re-training. It is done by creating a specific memory structure, which assigns each new pattern to an orthogonal plane using adjacently connected hierarchical arrays. The network offers rea... | large_corpus_distillation |
gradient to zero produces the optimum parameter: \u22122XTY+2XTX\u03b2\u2192=0\u21d2XTX\u03b2\u2192=XTY\u21d2\u03b2^\u2192=(XTX)\u22121XTY Note: To prove that the \u03b2^ obtained is indeed the local minimum, one needs to differentiate once more to obtain the Hessian matrix and show that it is positive definite. This ... | large_corpus_distillation |
"General Tests of English Language Proficiency-Test formats and content-This is a comprehensive English proficiency assessment consisting of three areas: grammar, listening, and reading and vocabulary. Each item is composed of multiple choice questions. Scoring is carried out in the absolute evaluation method, and the ... | large_corpus_distillation |
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