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Pinkerton (detective agency) | ensuing battle pinkerton agents striking workers led deaths three pinkerton agents nine steelworkers.pinkertons also used guards coal iron lumber disputes illinois michigan new york pennsylvania west virginia well great railroad strike battle blair mountain .the company continued exist various forms present day divisio... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | pinkerton detective kate warne assigned successfully delivered lincoln u.s. capital city series disguises related tactics required stay awake throughout entire long journey.result public notoriety success business adapted open eye logo slogan never sleep.government work congress appropriated equivalent new department j... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | molly maguires franklin b. gowen president philadelphia reading railroad hired agency investigate labor unions companys mines.pinkerton agent james mcparland using alias james mckenna infiltrated molly maguires thcentury secret society mainly irishamerican coal miners leading downfall labor organization.the incident in... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | resulted firefight siege men killed others wounded.restore order two brigades pennsylvania militia called governor.as legacy pinkertons involvement bridge connecting nearby pittsburgh suburbs munhall rankin named pinkertons landing bridge.steunenberg murder trial harry orchard arrested idaho police confessed pinkerton ... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | orchard received death sentence commuted.outlaws competition pinkerton agents hired track western outlaws jesse james reno gang wild bunch including butch cassidy sundance kid.march two pinkerton detectives deputy sheriff edwin p. daniels encountered younger brothers associates james–younger gang daniels john younger o... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | pinkertons also hired transporting money highquality merchandise cities towns made vulnerable outlaws.pinkerton agents usually well paid well armed.g.h.thiel former pinkerton employee established thiel detective service company st. louis missouri competitor pinkerton agency.thiel company operated u.s. canada mexico.mod... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | pinkertons diversified labor spying following revelations publicized la follette committee hearings firms criminal detection work also suffered police modernization movement saw rise federal bureau investigation bolstering detective branches resources public police.less labor criminal investigation work pinkertons thri... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | another pinkerton agent leverton makes appearance short story adventure red circle.dashiell hammetts continental op detective stories based experiences working pinkerton agency several periods –.baltimore branch hammett first worked housed continental trust building pinkerton agency named.hammett also worked san franci... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | four stories combined form hammetts first novel red harvest.many louis lamour books contain references pinkertons including milo talonauthor beverly jenkins makes reference pinkerton agents many novels including vivid dawn.in laird barrons short story bulldozer pinkerton protagonist jonah koenig hunts wanted criminal a... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | film allan pinkerton several agents play vital role film american outlaws starring colin farrell gabriel macht jesse frank james.pinkerton detectives hired owner fictional rock northern rail road track jesse james gang following series robberies aimed company.the pinkertons featured movie long riders pinkerton agents d... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | television television series damnation creeley turner one two lead characters pinkerton agent sent iowa powerful industrialist stop farmer strike.on valentines day episode golden girls drugstore banter rose dorothy regarding purchasing protection trip condoms promoting desire safe sex.rose asks kind protection need dor... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | also revealed protecting president grover cleveland.pinkerton detectives appear antagonists red dead redemption .appear primarily mercenaries investigators employed track van der linde gang.taketwo interactive parent company game publisher rockstar games received cease desist notice securitas ab asserting red dead rede... |
Pinkerton (detective agency) | april securitas withdrew claims taketwo moved withdraw complaint.see also antiunion organizations united statesantiunion violencebaldwin–felts detective agencybattle blair mountaincoal iron police pinkertonsupervised private police force pennsylvaniacolorado labor warsgeorge samuel dougherty leading private detective p... |
List of threatened sharks | cambridge university press.external links official websiteradio programme ward churchillinternational union conservation nature iucn worlds oldest global environmental organization.evaluates threatened species treats threatened species single category group three categories depending degree threatened vulnerable specie... |
List of threatened sharks | major declines shark stocks recorded past decades species declined population declines unusual .particular harvesting young sharks reproduce severely impacts future populations.sharks generally reach sexual maturity many years produce offspring comparison fish species.conservationists estimate million sharks killed com... |
List of threatened sharks | sharks also killed flesh europe elsewhere.film sharkwater documents ways sharks hunted extinction.iucn shark specialist group reported conservation status pelagic open water sharks rays.found half pelagic sharks targeted highseas fisheries threatened extinction.in convention international trade endangered species cites... |
List of threatened sharks | china far worlds largest shark consumer japan battles attempts extend conventions protections marine species led opposition.in cites member nations overcame continued opposition led china japan reversed course.cites called milestone oceanic whitetip porbeagle three species hammerheads join great white basking whale sha... |
List of threatened sharks | large sharks found hooked still alive shot bodies discarded sea.government claims culling sharks using targeted localised hazard mitigation strategy.barnett described opposition killing sharks ludicrous extreme said nothing change mind.according study published journal nature relative fishing pressure oceans increased ... |
List of threatened sharks | see also list threatened rays references reading fao conservation management sharks technical guidelines responsible fisheries rome.isbn .fowler sl cavanagh rd camhi burgess gh cailliet gm fordham sv simpfendorfer ca musick ja comp.ed.sharks rays chimaeras status chondrichthyan fishes iucn shark specialist group status... |
Electromagnetic pulse | fisheries circular faovannuccini stefania shark utilization marketing trade fisheries technical paper fao rome.isbn .endangered threatened species nmfs’ jurisdiction national marine fisheries service noaa.updated february .depending upon source origin emp natural artificial occur electromagnetic field electric field ma... |
Electromagnetic pulse | pulses typically characterized bythe mode energy transfer radiated electric magnetic conducted.the range spectrum frequencies present.pulse waveform shape duration amplitude.the last two frequency spectrum pulse waveform interrelated via fourier transform describes component waveforms may sum observed frequency spectru... |
Electromagnetic pulse | range defined emp sometimes referred dc daylight excludes highest frequencies comprising optical infrared visible ultraviolet ionizing x gamma rays ranges.some types emp events leave optical trail lightning sparks side effects current flow air part emp itself.pulse waveforms waveform pulse describes instantaneous ampli... |
Electromagnetic pulse | however pulses controlled switching circuit often approximate form rectangular square pulse.emp events usually induce corresponding signal surrounding environment material.coupling usually occurs strongly relatively narrow frequency band leading characteristic damped sine wave.visually shown high frequency sine wave gr... |
Electromagnetic pulse | single complete pulse cycle sufficient characterise regular repetitive train.types emp arises source emits shortduration pulse energy.energy usually broadband nature although often excites relatively narrowband damped sine wave response surrounding environment.types generated repetitive regular pulse trains.different t... |
Electromagnetic pulse | discharge electromagnetic energy resulting either impact meteoroid spacecraft explosive breakup meteoroid passing earths atmosphere.coronal mass ejection cme sometimes referred solar emp.burst plasma accompanying magnetic field ejected solar corona released solar wind.types civil manmade emp event includeswitching acti... |
Electromagnetic pulse | electrostatic discharge esd esd events characterized high voltages many kv small currents sometimes cause visible sparks.esd treated small localized phenomenon although technically lightning flash large esd event.esd also manmade shock received van de graaff generator.an esd event damage electronic circuitry injecting ... |
Electromagnetic pulse | switching pulses switching action electrical circuit creates sharp change flow electricity.sharp change form emp.simple electrical sources include inductive loads relays solenoids brush contacts electric motors.typically send pulse electrical connections present well radiating pulse energy.amplitude usually small signa... |
Electromagnetic pulse | turn cause large pulse electric field across open contacts causing arcing damage.often necessary incorporate design features limit effects.electronic devices vacuum tubes valves transistors diodes also switch quickly causing similar issues.oneoff pulses may caused solidstate switches devices used occasionally.however m... |
Electromagnetic pulse | resulting rapidly changing electric fields magnetic fields may couple electricalelectronic systems produce damaging current voltage surges.the intense gamma radiation emitted also ionize surrounding air creating secondary emp atoms air first lose electrons regain them.nemp weapons designed maximize emp effects primary ... |
Electromagnetic pulse | vircators vacuum tubes particularly suitable microwave conversion highenergy pulses.nnemp generators carried payload bombs cruise missiles champ missile drones diminished mechanical thermal ionizing radiation effects without consequences deploying nuclear weapons.the range nnemp weapons much less nuclear emp.nearly nne... |
Electromagnetic pulse | examples operations include destruction electronic control systems critical operation many ground vehicles aircraft.the concept explosively pumped flux compression generator generating nonnuclear electromagnetic pulse conceived early andrei sakharov soviet union nations kept work nonnuclear emp classified similar ideas... |
Electromagnetic pulse | sparks known cause fuelair explosions precautions must taken prevent them.a large energetic emp induce high currents voltages victim unit temporarily disrupting function even permanently damaging it.a powerful emp also directly affect magnetic materials corrupt data stored media magnetic tape computer hard drives.hard ... |
Electromagnetic pulse | control like electromagnetic interference threat emp subject control measures.true whether threat natural manmade.therefore control measures focus susceptibility equipment emp effects hardening protecting harm.manmade sources weapons also subject control measures order limit amount pulse energy emitted.the discipline e... |
Electromagnetic pulse | common test technique use current clamp reverse inject range damped sine wave signals cable connected equipment test.damped sine wave generator able reproduce range induced signals likely occur.threat pulse simulation sometimes threat pulse simulated repeatable way.pulse may reproduced low energy order characterise vic... |
Electromagnetic pulse | nearly large emp simulators used specialized version marx generator.examples include huge woodenstructured atlasi simulator also known trestle sandia national labs new mexico one time worlds largest emp simulator.papers large emp simulators used united states latter part cold war along general information electromagnet... |
Electromagnetic pulse | dr. pry states china also developed emp weapons means united states prepared that.it possible neighboring countries u.s. could also affected attack depending targeted area people.according article naureen malik north koreas increasingly successful missile warhead tests mind congress moved renew funding commission asses... |
Elizabeth I | sometimes referred virgin queen elizabeth last five monarchs house tudor.elizabeth daughter henry viii anne boleyn second wife executed elizabeth ⁄ years old.annes marriage henry annulled elizabeth declared illegitimate.halfbrother edward vi ruled death bequeathing crown lady jane grey ignoring claims two halfsisters r... |
Elizabeth I | depended heavily group trusted advisers led william cecil much later created st baron burghley.one first actions queen establishment english protestant church became supreme governor.elizabethan religious settlement evolve church england.expected elizabeth would marry produce heir however despite numerous courtships ne... |
Elizabeth I | earlier reluctantly responsible imprisonment execution jamess mother mary queen scots.in government elizabeth moderate father halfsiblings been.one mottoes video et taceo see keep silent.religion relatively tolerant avoided systematic persecution.pope declared illegitimate released subjects obedience several conspiraci... |
Elizabeth I | halfheartedly supported number ineffective poorly resourced military campaigns netherlands france ireland.mids england could longer avoid war spain.as grew older elizabeth became celebrated virginity.cult personality grew around celebrated portraits pageants literature day.elizabeths reign became known elizabethan era.... |
Elizabeth I | historians depict elizabeth shorttempered sometimes indecisive ruler enjoyed fair share luck.towards end reign series economic military problems weakened popularity.however elizabeth acknowledged charismatic performer dogged survivor era government ramshackle limited monarchs neighbouring countries faced internal probl... |
Elizabeth I | second child henry viii england born wedlock survive infancy.mother henrys second wife anne boleyn.birth elizabeth heir presumptive english throne.elder halfsister mary lost position legitimate heir henry annulled marriage marys mother catherine aragon marry anne intent sire male heir ensure tudor succession.baptised s... |
Elizabeth I | canopy carried ceremony infant uncle george boleyn viscount rochford john hussey st baron hussey sleaford lord thomas howard william howard st baron howard effingham.elizabeth two years eight months old mother beheaded may four months catherine aragons death natural causes.elizabeth declared illegitimate deprived place... |
Elizabeth I | catherine champernowne better known later married name catherine kat ashley appointed elizabeths governess remained elizabeths friend death .champernowne taught elizabeth four languages french dutch italian spanish.time william grindal became tutor elizabeth could write english latin italian.grindal talented skilful tu... |
Elizabeth I | teenage years throughout life translated works latin greek numerous classical authors including pro marcello cicero de consolatione philosophiae boethius treatise plutarch annals tacitus.translation tacitus lambeth palace library one four surviving english translations early modern era confirmed elizabeths detailed ana... |
Elizabeth I | venetian ambassador stated possessed languages thoroughly appeared native tongue.historian mark stoyle suggests probably taught cornish william killigrew groom privy chamber later chamberlain exchequer.thomas seymour henry viii died elizabeths halfbrother edward vi became king age nine.catherine parr henrys widow soon ... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth experienced emotional crisis historians believe affected rest life.thomas seymour engaged romps horseplay yearold elizabeth including entering bedroom nightgown tickling slapping buttocks.elizabeth rose early surrounded maids avoid unwelcome morning visits.parr rather confront husband inappropriate activities... |
Elizabeth I | however parr discovered pair embrace ended state affairs.may elizabeth sent away.thomas seymour nevertheless continued scheming control royal family tried appointed governor kings person.parr died childbirth september renewed attentions towards elizabeth intent marrying her.governess kat ashley fond seymour sought conv... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth living hatfield house would admit nothing.stubbornness exasperated interrogator sir robert tyrwhitt reported see face guilty.seymour beheaded march .mary reign edward vi died july aged .ignored succession crown act excluded mary elizabeth succession instead declared heir lady jane grey granddaughter henry vii... |
Elizabeth I | jane proclaimed queen privy council support quickly crumbled deposed nine days.august mary rode triumphantly london elizabeth side.the show solidarity sisters last long.mary devout catholic determined crush protestant faith elizabeth educated ordered everyone attend catholic mass elizabeth outwardly conform.marys initi... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth brought court interrogated regarding role march imprisoned tower london.elizabeth fervently protested innocence.though unlikely plotted rebels known approached her.marys closest confidant charles vs ambassador simon renard argued throne would never safe elizabeth lived lord chancellor stephen gardiner worked ... |
Elizabeth I | instead may elizabeth moved tower woodstock spend almost year house arrest charge sir henry bedingfeld.crowds cheered along way.on april elizabeth recalled court attend final stages marys apparent pregnancy.mary child died elizabeth would become queen mary gave birth healthy child elizabeths chances becoming queen woul... |
Elizabeth I | better ally chief alternative mary queen scots grown france betrothed dauphin france.wife fell ill king philip sent count feria consult elizabeth.interview conducted hatfield house returned live october .october elizabeth already making plans government.mary recognised elizabeth heir november elizabeth became queen mar... |
Elizabeth I | accession elizabeth became queen age declared intentions council peers come hatfield swear allegiance.speech contains first record adoption medieval political theology sovereigns two bodies body natural body politicmy lords law nature moves sorrow sister burden fallen upon makes amazed yet considering gods creature ord... |
Elizabeth I | following day january date chosen astrologer john dee elizabeth crowned anointed owen oglethorpe catholic bishop carlisle westminster abbey.presented peoples acceptance amidst deafening noise organs fifes trumpets drums bells.although elizabeth welcomed queen england country still state anxiety perceived catholic threa... |
Elizabeth I | queen therefore sought protestant solution would offend catholics greatly addressing desires english protestants would tolerate puritans pushing farreaching reforms.result parliament started legislate church based protestant settlement edward vi monarch head many catholic elements vestments.the house commons backed pro... |
Elizabeth I | new act supremacy became law may .public officials swear oath loyalty monarch supreme governor risk disqualification office heresy laws repealed avoid repeat persecution dissenters practised mary.time new act uniformity passed made attendance church use adapted version book common prayer compulsory though penalties rec... |
Elizabeth I | historians speculated thomas seymour put sexual relationships.considered several suitors fifty.last courtship francis duke anjou years junior.risking possible loss power like sister played hands king philip ii spain marriage offered chance heir.however choice husband might also provoke political instability even insurr... |
Elizabeth I | robert dudley spring became evident elizabeth love childhood friend robert dudley.said amy robsart wife suffering malady one breasts queen would like marry dudley wife die.autumn several foreign suitors vying elizabeths hand impatient envoys engaged ever scandalous talk reported marriage favourite welcome england man c... |
Elizabeth I | however william cecil nicholas throckmorton conservative peers made disapproval unmistakably clear.even rumours nobility would rise marriage took place.among marriage candidates considered queen robert dudley continued regarded possible candidate nearly another decade.elizabeth extremely jealous affections even longer ... |
Elizabeth I | still dudley always remained centre elizabeths emotional life historian susan doran described situation.died shortly defeat spanish armada .elizabeths death note found among personal belongings marked last letter handwriting.foreign candidates marriage negotiations constituted key element elizabeths foreign policy.turn... |
Elizabeth I | earlier elizabeths life danish match discussed henry viii proposed one danish prince adolf duke holsteingottorp edward seymour duke somerset suggested marriage prince frederick later frederick ii several years later negotiations abated .years around danoenglish protestant alliance considered counter swedens proposal ki... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth seems taken courtship seriously time wore frogshaped earring francis sent her.in elizabeth told imperial envoy follow inclination nature beggarwoman single far rather queen married.later year following elizabeths illness smallpox succession question became heated issue parliament.members urged queen marry nom... |
Elizabeth I | therefore say marry soon conveniently god take away mind marry else great let happen.by senior figures government privately accepted elizabeth would never marry name successor.william cecil already seeking solutions succession problem.failure marry elizabeth often accused irresponsibility.silence however strengthened p... |
Elizabeth I | poetry portraiture depicted virgin goddess normal woman.first elizabeth made virtue ostensible virginity told commons end shall sufficient marble stone shall declare queen reigned time lived died virgin.later poets writers took theme developed iconography exalted elizabeth.public tributes virgin acted coded assertion o... |
Elizabeth I | spoke husbands good people.this claim virginity universally accepted.catholics accused elizabeth engaging filthy lust symbolically defiled nation along body.henry iv france said one great questions europe whether queen elizabeth maid no.a central issue comes question elizabeths virginity whether queen ever consummated ... |
Elizabeth I | man claimed illegitimate son elizabeth robert dudley age consistent birth illness.taken madrid investigation examined francis englefield catholic aristocrat exiled spain secretary king philip ii.three letters exist today describing interview detailing arthur proclaimed story life birth royal palace time arrival spain.h... |
Elizabeth I | modern scholarship dismisses storys basic premise impossible asserts elizabeths life closely observed contemporaries could hidden pregnancy.mary queen scots elizabeths first policy toward scotland oppose french presence there.feared french planned invade england put catholic cousin mary queen scots throne.mary consider... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth persuaded send force scotland aid protestant rebels though campaign inept resulting treaty edinburgh july removed french threat north.mary returned scotland take reins power country established protestant church run council protestant nobles supported elizabeth.mary refused ratify treaty.in elizabeth proposed... |
Elizabeth I | darnley quickly became unpopular murdered february conspirators almost certainly led james hepburn th earl bothwell.shortly afterwards may mary married bothwell arousing suspicions party murder husband.elizabeth confronted mary marriage writing herhow could worse choice made honour haste marry subject besides notorious... |
Elizabeth I | mary escaped loch leven another defeat fled across border england assured support elizabeth.elizabeths first instinct restore fellow monarch council instead chose play safe.rather risk returning mary scotland english army sending france catholic enemies england detained england imprisoned next nineteen years.catholic c... |
Elizabeth I | rebels defeat executed elizabeths orders.belief revolt successful pope pius v issued bull titled regnans excelsis declared elizabeth pretended queen england servant crime excommunicated heretic releasing subjects allegiance her.catholics obeyed orders threatened excommunication.papal bull provoked legislative initiativ... |
Elizabeth I | missionary priests continental seminaries went england secretly cause reconversion england.many suffered execution engendering cult martyrdom.regnans excelsis gave english catholics strong incentive look mary stuart legitimate sovereign england.mary may told every catholic plot put english throne ridolfi plot caused ma... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeths proclamation sentence announced said mary pretending title crown compassed imagined within realm divers things tending hurt death destruction royal person.february mary beheaded fotheringhay castle northamptonshire.marys execution elizabeth claimed intended signed execution warrant dispatched blamed secretar... |
Elizabeth I | exception english occupation le havre october june ended failure elizabeths huguenot allies joined catholics retake port.elizabeths intention exchange le havre calais lost france january .activities fleets elizabeth pursue aggressive policy.paid war spain fought sea.knighted francis drake circumnavigation globe fame ra... |
Elizabeth I | element piracy selfenrichment drove elizabethan seafarers queen little control.netherlands occupation loss le havre – elizabeth avoided military expeditions continent sent english army aid protestant dutch rebels philip ii.followed deaths allies william silent prince orange duke anjou surrender series dutch towns alexa... |
Elizabeth I | siege antwerp summer duke parma necessitated reaction part english dutch.outcome treaty nonsuch august elizabeth promised military support dutch.treaty marked beginning anglospanish war lasted treaty london .the expedition led former suitor earl leicester.elizabeth start really back course action.strategy support dutch... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth hand wanted avoid costs decisive action enemy.enraged elizabeth accepting post governorgeneral dutch states general.elizabeth saw dutch ploy force accept sovereignty netherlands far always declined.wrote leicesterwe could never imagined seen fall experience man raised ourself extraordinarily favoured us subje... |
Elizabeth I | public humiliation lieutenantgeneral combined continued talks separate peace spain irreversibly undermined standing among dutch.military campaign severely hampered elizabeths repeated refusals send promised funds starving soldiers.unwillingness commit cause leicesters shortcomings political military leader factionridde... |
Elizabeth I | made successful raid cádiz destroying spanish fleet war ships intended enterprise england philip ii decided take war england.on july spanish armada great fleet ships set sail channel planning ferry spanish invasion force duke parma coast southeast england netherlands.combination miscalculation misfortune attack english... |
Elizabeth I | wearing silver breastplate white velvet dress addressed one famous speechesmy loving people persuaded careful safety take heed commit ourself armed multitudes fear treachery assure desire live distrust faithful loving people ... know body weak feeble woman heart stomach king king england think foul scorn parma spain pr... |
Elizabeth I | spanish still controlled southern provinces netherlands threat invasion remained.sir walter raleigh claimed death elizabeths caution impeded war spainif late queen would believed men war scribes time beaten great empire pieces made kings figs oranges old times.majesty halves petty invasions taught spaniard defend see w... |
Elizabeth I | advantage england upon destruction spanish armada lost spanish victory marked revival philip iis naval power next decade.france protestant henry iv inherited french throne elizabeth sent military support.first venture france since retreat le havre .henrys succession strongly contested catholic league philip ii elizabet... |
Elizabeth I | lord willoughby largely ignoring elizabeths orders roamed northern france little effect army men.withdrew disarray december lost half troops.campaign john norreys led men brittany even disaster.expeditions elizabeth unwilling invest supplies reinforcements requested commanders.norreys left london plead person support. |
Elizabeth I | absence catholic league army almost destroyed remains army craon northwest france may .july elizabeth sent another force robert devereux nd earl essex help henry iv besieging rouen.result dismal.essex accomplished nothing returned home january .henry abandoned siege april. |
Elizabeth I | usual elizabeth lacked control commanders abroad.doth wrote essex ignorant.ireland although ireland one two kingdoms elizabeth faced hostile places virtually autonomous irish population adhered catholicism willing defy authority plot enemies.policy grant land courtiers prevent rebels giving spain base attack england.co... |
Elizabeth I | revolt munster led gerald fitzgerald th earl desmond estimated irish people starved death.poet colonist edmund spenser wrote victims brought wretchedness stony heart would rued same.elizabeth advised commanders irish rude barbarous nation well treated commanders showed remorse force bloodshed served authoritarian purpo... |
Elizabeth I | replaced charles blount lord mountjoy took three years defeat rebels.oneill finally surrendered days elizabeths death.soon afterwards peace treaty signed england spain.russia elizabeth continued maintain diplomatic relations tsardom russia originally established halfbrother edward vi.often wrote ivan terrible amicable ... |
Elizabeth I | tsar even proposed later reign asked guarantee granted asylum england rule jeopardised.english merchant explorer anthony jenkinson began career representative muscovy company became queens special ambassador court ivan terrible.upon ivans death succeeded lessambitious son feodor.unlike father feodor enthusiasm maintain... |
Elizabeth I | negotiations failed due fletcher addressing feodor two many titles omitted.elizabeth continued appeal feodor half appealing half reproachful letters.proposed alliance something refused offered one feodors father turned down.muslim states trade diplomatic relations developed england barbary states rule elizabeth.england... |
Elizabeth I | abd elouahed ben messaoud principal secretary moroccan ruler mulai ahmad almansur visited england ambassador court queen elizabeth negotiate anglomoroccan alliance spain.elizabeth agreed sell munitions supplies morocco mulai ahmad almansur talked mounting joint operation spanish.discussions however remained inconclusiv... |
Elizabeth I | one correspondence murad entertained notion islam protestantism much common either roman catholicism rejected worship idols argued alliance england ottoman empire.dismay catholic europe england exported tin lead cannoncasting ammunitions ottoman empire elizabeth seriously discussed joint military operations murad iii o... |
Elizabeth I | territory much larger presentday state virginia extending new england carolinas.raleigh returned virginia small group people.landed island roanoke presentday north carolina.failure first colony raleigh recruited another group put john white command.raleigh returned trace roanoke colony left first english settlement nor... |
Elizabeth I | east india company east india company formed trade indian ocean region china received charter queen elizabeth december .period years company awarded monopoly english trade countries east cape good hope west straits magellan.sir james lancaster commanded first expedition .company eventually controlled half world trade s... |
Elizabeth I | conflicts spain ireland dragged tax burden grew heavier economy hit poor harvests cost war.prices rose standard living fell.time repression catholics intensified elizabeth authorised commissions interrogate monitor catholic householders.maintain illusion peace prosperity increasingly relied internal spies propaganda.la... |
Elizabeth I | exception lord burghley important politicians died around earl leicester sir francis walsingham sir christopher hatton .factional strife government existed noteworthy form became hallmark.bitter rivalry arose earl essex robert cecil son lord burghley respective adherents struggle powerful positions state marred politic... |
Elizabeth I | practice soon led pricefixing enrichment courtiers publics expense widespread resentment.culminated agitation house commons parliament .famous golden speech november whitehall palace deputation members elizabeth professed ignorance abuses members promises usual appeal emotionswho keeps sovereign lapse error ignorance i... |
Elizabeth I | great names english literature entered maturity including william shakespeare christopher marlowe.continuing jacobean era english theatre would reach peak.notion great elizabethan era depends largely builders dramatists poets musicians active elizabeths reign.owed little directly queen never major patron arts.as elizab... |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth gave edmund spenser pension unusual indicates liked work.painted portraits became less realistic set enigmatic icons made look much younger was.fact skin scarred smallpox leaving half bald dependent wigs cosmetics.love sweets fear dentists contributed severe tooth decay loss extent foreign ambassadors hard ti... |
Elizabeth I | many missing one cannot understand easily speaks quickly.yet added figure fair tall graceful whatever far may keeps dignity yet humbly graciously withal.sir walter raleigh called lady time surprised.the elizabeths beauty faded courtiers praised it.elizabeth happy play part possible last decade life began believe perfor... |
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