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Elizabeth I | repeatedly appointed military posts despite growing record irresponsibility.essexs desertion command ireland elizabeth placed house arrest following year deprived monopolies.february earl tried raise rebellion london.intended seize queen rallied support beheaded february.elizabeth knew misjudgements partly blame turn events. |
Elizabeth I | observer wrote delight sit dark sometimes shedding tears bewail essex.death elizabeths senior adviser william cecil st baron burghley died august .political mantle passed son robert cecil soon became leader government.one task addressed prepare way smooth succession.since elizabeth would never name successor cecil obliged proceed secret. |
Elizabeth I | therefore entered coded negotiation james vi scotland strong unrecognised claim.cecil coached impatient james humour elizabeth secure heart highest whose sex quality nothing improper either needless expostulations much curiosity actions.advice worked.jamess tone delighted elizabeth responded trust doubt last letters acceptably taken thanks cannot lacking yield grateful sort.historian j. e. neales view elizabeth may declared wishes openly james made known unmistakable veiled phrases.the queens health remained fair autumn series deaths among friends plunged severe depression. |
Elizabeth I | february death catherine carey countess nottingham niece cousin close friend lady knollys came particular blow.march elizabeth fell sick remained settled unremovable melancholy sat motionless cushion hours end.robert cecil told must go bed snapped must word use princes little man.died march richmond palace two three morning.hours later cecil council set plans motion proclaimed james king england.while become normative record death queen occurring following english calendar reform time england observed new years day march commonly known lady day. |
Elizabeth I | thus elizabeth died last day year old calendar.modern convention use old calendar date month using new year.elizabeths coffin carried downriver night whitehall barge lit torches.funeral april coffin taken westminster abbey hearse drawn four horses hung black velvet.words chronicler john stowwestminster surcharged multitudes sorts people streets houses windows leads gutters came see obsequy beheld statue lying upon coffin general sighing groaning weeping like hath seen known memory man.elizabeth interred westminster abbey tomb shared halfsister mary i. latin inscription tomb regno consortes urna hic obdormimus elizabetha et maria sorores spe resurrectionis translates consorts realm tomb sleep elizabeth mary sisters hope resurrection.legacy elizabeth lamented many subjects others relieved death. |
Elizabeth I | expectations king james started high declined.nostalgic revival cult elizabeth.elizabeth praised heroine protestant cause ruler golden age.james depicted catholic sympathiser presiding corrupt court.triumphalist image elizabeth cultivated towards end reign background factionalism military economic difficulties taken face value reputation inflated. |
Elizabeth I | godfrey goodman bishop gloucester recalled experience scottish government queen seem revive.memory much magnified.elizabeths reign became idealised time crown church parliament worked constitutional balance.the picture elizabeth painted protestant admirers early th century proved lasting influential.memory also revived napoleonic wars nation found brink invasion.victorian era elizabethan legend adapted imperial ideology day midth century elizabeth romantic symbol national resistance foreign threat. |
Elizabeth I | historians period j. e. neale a. l. rowse interpreted elizabeths reign golden age progress.neale rowse also idealised queen personally always everything right unpleasant traits ignored explained signs stress.recent historians however taken complicated view elizabeth.reign famous defeat armada successful raids spanish cádiz historians point military failures land sea.ireland elizabeths forces ultimately prevailed tactics stain record.rather brave defender protestant nations spain habsburgs often regarded cautious foreign policies. |
Elizabeth I | offered limited aid foreign protestants failed provide commanders funds make difference abroad.elizabeth established english church helped shape national identity remains place today.praised later protestant heroine overlooked refusal drop practices catholic origin church england.historians note day strict protestants regarded acts settlement uniformity compromise.fact elizabeth believed faith personal wish francis bacon put make windows mens hearts secret thoughts.though elizabeth followed largely defensive foreign policy reign raised englands status abroad.woman mistress half island marvelled pope sixtus v yet makes feared spain france empire all. |
Elizabeth I | elizabeth nation gained new selfconfidence sense sovereignty christendom fragmented.elizabeth first tudor recognise monarch ruled popular consent.therefore always worked parliament advisers could trust tell truth—a style government stuart successors failed follow.historians called lucky believed god protecting her.priding mere english elizabeth trusted god honest advice love subjects success rule. |
List of acquisitions by Cisco | prayer offered thanks god thatat time wars seditions grievous persecutions vexed almost kings countries round reign hath peacable realm receptacle thy afflicted church.love people hath appeared firm devices enemies frustrate.family tree see also anticatholicism united kingdomearly modern britainenglish renaissanceinventory elizabeth iportraiture elizabeth iprotestant reformationroyal arms englandroyal eponyms canada queen elizabeth iroyal standards englandtudor period notes citations references reading external links portraits queen elizabeth national portrait gallery london works elizabeth project gutenbergworks elizabeth internet archiveworks elizabeth librivox public domain audiobookscisco made first acquisition followed series acquisitions.history founded cisco acquire company first seven years existence september cisco acquired crescendo communications lan switching company.following first cisco takeover purchase acquisitions constituted percent companys business activity.the companys largest acquisition april purchase scientificatlanta—a manufacturer cable television telecommunications broadband equipment—for us.billion.purchase represented interest cisco internet television spending switches routers decreased expanded corporations consumer product base prior acquisition linksys inc. producer wireless networking products homes small businesses. |
List of acquisitions by Cisco | cisco chief executive officer ceo time john chambers described mediumsized purchase acquisition largest since cisco paid us.billion cerent corporation .deal announced november finalized early .the majority companies acquired cisco based united states u.s. total companies acquired march .companies acquired cisco related computer networking several lan switching voice internet protocol voip companies included list acquisitions.acquisitions acquisition respective company entirety unless otherwise specified date agreement cisco systems subject acquisition listed. |
Malwarebytes | value acquisition listed us currency cisco systems headquartered california u.s.the majority products business units come acquisitions cisco systems spending billion dollars acquire approximately organizations october .see also composite software references external links official website acquisitionsoffices santa clara california clearwater florida tallinn estonia cork ireland.history early history background malwarebytes inc. informally established .ceo founder marcin kleczynski originally poland still teenager attending high school bensenville illinois time working technician computer repair shop chicago.noticed whenever infected computers arrived shop would typically reformat computer entirely rather combat virus even infection minor.kleczynski later discovered mothers computer became infected neither mcafee symantec would remove malware system. |
Malwarebytes | later recalled ive never angry got computer infected professed mother told fix penalty death.kleczynski posted forum spywareinfo popular time able learn remove virus took three days.the company unofficially founded kleczynski conversed became friends several editors forum tempted buy unused domain them.with one sites regulars bruce harrison kleczynski wrote inaugural version companys software.kleczynski worked college roommate produce freely available program called rogueremover utility specialized fighting type infection known rogues scam computer users giving away credit card information fake antivirus software.rogueremover proved instrumental developing malwarebytes antimalware kleczynski able set forum enabled improve software feedback.kleczynski harrison formally launched malwarebytes january kleczynski studying computer science university illinois. |
Malwarebytes | bruce became vp research malwarebytes hired doug swanson experience freeware development work new company.marcus chung ecommerce expert formerly worked greenborder hired chief operating officer.kleczynski harrison reportedly made first year selling software despite met personally time.post developments malwarebytes acquired hphosts website blacklisting company tracks blacklisted websites ad servers necessary development protect new internet protocol addresses web servers distribute malware advise internet service providers shut malicious activity.year company claimed removed five billion pieces malware three years. |
Malwarebytes | following year company launched corporate market enterprise product aimed desktopbased antimalware detection protection.malwarebytes acquired zerovulnerabilitylabs inc. security research development company founded pedro bustamante protects software applications known zeroday exploits used exploit kits webbased vulnerability exploits corporatetargeted attacks.expanded malware removal protection android platform launch malwarebytes antimalware mobile launched usbbased product called malwarebytes techbench aimed helping technicians remove malware.in malwarebytes received million funding highland capital following year announced treated million computers worldwide representing – working business computers.claimed removed five billion malware threats computers first five years.june company announced moving headquarters almaden boulevard san jose california new square feet office space two top floors story freedom circle santa clara california. |
Malwarebytes | new office twice size former office.company reported growth million users one year million active users time increase revenue .kleczynski named one forbes magazines .in january malwarebytes unveiled advanced antiransomware package endpoint security announced raised million investment fidelity management research company.kleczynski stated funds would used primarily companys hiring product development marketing assets.june malwarebytes announced strong growth sales percent first quarter year compared billings surpassing million. |
Malwarebytes | corporate subscription base company reported grown .september proofpoint inc. ceo gary steele joined companys board directors kleczynski citing deep expertise security software industry proven ability increasing sales revenue main reasons appointment.october company purchased adwcleaner windows program used clean adware potentially unwanted programs pups computers.february company acquired saferbytes italian security startup specialized antimalware antiexploit antirootkit cloud av sandbox technologies.in november company joined forces competitors nortonlifelock kaspersky along electronic frontier foundation nonprofits including national network end domestic violence operation safe escape form coalition stalkerware.coalition seeks inform educate combat use tracking apps without consent. |
Malwarebytes | post developments january malwarebytes targeted nation state actor implicated solarwinds attack suffered limited access breach.ceo kleczynski published blog post detailing company’s attack response.february malwarebytes published state malware report shared cyberthreat research including million examples mac malware increase spyware detections .in may malwarebytes announced collaboration digitunity deliver cyberprotection vulnerable communities underserved technology access expanding portfolio social impact work.executive leadership marcin kleczynski ceo malwarebytes since .malwarebytes hired former cfo angi tom fox serve cfo company. |
Malwarebytes | tom promoted president retaining title cfo new role.malwarebytes promoted chief revenue officer barry mainz chief operating officer scaled global marketing consumer customer growth customer success twoyear tenure company.malwarebytes recruited dariusz paczuski senior vice president marketing promoted cmo .in former logmein executive mark strassman joined malwarebytes chief product officer.services products kleczynski stated malwarebytes first developed competitive advantage many traditional antivirus programs many developed late development many later forms malware.new york times described malwarebytes hybrid heuristics behavior signature engine designed detect block malware vendors cant detect. |
Malwarebytes | according dean takahashi venturebeat malwarebytes complements antivirus software vendors symantec mcafee antimalware working alongside antivirus software attack problem different directions remarking software removed infections infected machines whilst preventing others becoming infected first place.as early development days rogueremover malwarebytes continues support community feedback products runs two subforums complementing main forum known false positives malware contribution false positives reported allowing company update database within hours posting malware contribution allowing users quickly report malware missed software.products malwarebytes several products available different languages.malwarebytes antimalware offers two different versions one free download home computers professional version day free trial advance offering realtime protection malware automated scanning automatic updating.malwarebytes antimalware mobile free android app protects smartphones mobile malware preventing unauthorized access personal data identifying tracking applications.rating . |
Malwarebytes | google play store.in company launched malwarebytes antimalware .improved user interface dashboard.company also launched malwarebytes antiexploit year shields selected applications attacks exploit mitigation protect vulnerable programs.antiexploit also comes free paid version windows computers.free version stops exploits browsers java whilst paid product adds protection wider range software applications. |
Malwarebytes | antiexploit received four stars pc magazine v magazines security innovation year award .in malwarebytes antiexploit merged premium version malwarebytes version .standalone application offered perpetual beta.in january malwarebytes unveiled malwarebytes endpoint security advanced antiransomware technology described first solution offer multiple layers protection unknown ransomware.company sponsored survey osterman research firms united states united kingdom canada germany found nearly companies experienced ransomware incidents percent accounted loss revenue.guardian reported onefifth british companies charged unlock files increasing demand antiransomware technology.endpoints inception beta reportedly downloaded businesses consumers first six months year.in malwarebytes expanded portfolio include mobile products mac android including malwarebytes android malwarebytes mac. |
Malwarebytes | malwarebytes also ran chromeos mainly provides protection android threats.malwarebytes also released malwarebytes ios deliver secure private mobile experiences users.due apples security restrictions malwarebytes ios remove malware provide basic web protection spam blocking.malwarebytes privacy vpn offering launched.in malwarebytes expanded business portfolio launching malwarebytes endpoint protection response monitor identify remediate attacks.offering extended include server protection enterprise customers malwarebytes endpoint detection response servers malwarebytes endpoint protection servers. |
Malwarebytes | malwarebytes also launched malwarebytes nebula cloud platform enterprise customers simplify endpoint management reporting.malwarebytes also numerous tools junkware removal tool remove adware antirootkit beta remove repair rootkits startuplite boost speed windows reboot fileassassin prevent locked files malware removal service support organizations active malware attack.license privacy software license requires arbitration county reside forbids class action suits reverse engineering sharing limits warranties liability.even free version may shared since company tracks use product separately user.malwarebytes privacy policy lists many types information collect store including amongst things software running users computer programs installed use name email address mailing address phone number... company name company size business type... internet protocol ip addresses browser type internet service provider isp referringexit pages files viewed site ... operating system datetime stamp andor clickstream data ... type device use operating system version unique device identifier... language... bit... information windows securityaction center including security settings programs installed use... license... number seats managed installation console endpoint domain information... organization ip address licensed any.there different limits use sale sharing datano limits call nonpersonally identifiable information nonpii.nonpii ... may include... anonymously generated device identifiers tied data items listed above.limited uses personally identifiable information pii including name address phone company name size business type share pii third parties except situations listed privacy policy include may disclose pii government ... private parties ... satisfy... regulation ... subpoenas... protect ... public general ... prevent stop activity consider illegal unethical. |
Malwarebytes | company also discloses enough information provide advertising based upon browsing activities interests.in general company put time limits long keep user data except ip address users ask deletion pii retain ip address... however use gather ... continent country city approximate latitude longitude ... type connection dialupbroadbandsatellitemobile isp... organization ip address licensed any.you may access modify pii personally identifiable information... want us delete pii... delete information soon possible however information may remain archivedbackup copies records otherwise required law.may retain information long account active needed provide services comply legal obligations resolve disputes enforce agreements.define pii exclude device identifiers promise delete identifiers user history.while malwarebytes saves locations ip addresses including mobile devices company stated information used extract gps locations mobile devices ask access track location based information mobile device time downloading using mobile apps services.company stated track antenna locations.the company also collects detailed information malware exploits find tied users license number device identifier vendor... file path exploit process... commandline arguments passed exploit... potentially copy exploit executable itself.company list license number pii.malwarebytes certificate truste among things certifies company limits information collected limits use specified privacy notice. |
Snapped | see also antivirus softwarecomparison computer viruses references external links official websiteseries depicts high profile bizarre cases women accused murder.episode outlines motivation murder whether revenge cheating husband lover large insurance payoff ending years abuse murders circumstances unique women profiled.snapped premiered august oxygen.since become networks longestrunning original series defined seasons sixteen years production two spinoffs outlasting seventeen seasons thirteen years bad girls club.show also played large role decision parent company nbcuniversal relaunch oxygen crime network .november original episodes snapped aired. |
Snapped | synopsis series features nonfiction narratives people committed murder attempted murder accused committing attempting commit murder.often target individuals spouse.program edited documentary style using central voiceover narration actress jody flader well interviews people possession firsthand knowledge case including lawenforcement officials lawyers journalists friends family members victims accused times criminals victims themselves.rare episodes series run centered male perpetrators larger number episodes featured men conspired central female perpetrator crime.production snapped first aired august pilot episode celeste beard johnson series currently twentyeighth season production jupiter entertainment.actresses laura san giacomo ronnie farer narrated first second seasons respectively. |
Snapped | sharon martin took role narrator third season distinctive pronounced oral cadence.acquired additional credit supervising producer series.february martin announced would longer narrate series.new narrator actress jody flader according endofepisode credits fladers web site.in october oxygen announced—in celebration series th episode—it would air twoweek experience billed snapped killer women event.event include original pilot episode neverbeforeseen episode. |
AusCERT | event culminated airing th episode focusing murder randy sheridan november .episodes complete list snapped episodes season season season season season season – season – season – season – season season – season season season – season season – season season season – season season season – season season – season season – season season – season season snapped notorious celebrate twentieth season oxygen announced would open killer season twohour notorious specials focusing infamous criminals.season season season see also deadly womenfacing evil candice delongsnapped killer couplessnapped made itwives kniveson case paula zahn references reading die love true story revenge murder two texas sisters true crime author kathryn casey piper rountree husbands murder .she wanted true story sex murder texas millionaire kathryn casey celeste beard tracey tarleton case .murder behind badge true stories cops kill book former police officer stacy dittrich includes antoinette frank case .bitter almondsthe true story mothers daughters seattle cyanide murders gregg olsen story stella nickell .death desert ted binion homicide case true crime author cathy scott defendants sandy murphy rick tabish .external links official websiteofficial uk website crime investigation network uksnapped imdbsnapped epguides.comorganisation covers costs member subscriptions attendees annual auscert conference service contracts.history early australian university student hacked nasa computer system spare time.triggered chain reaction business governments wanting improved information security.result three australian universities queensland university technology griffith university university queensland came together form auscert.aimed create central source information security protection. |
AusCERT | auscert one australia’s computer emergency response team cert one oldest cert world.first member auscert part worldwide network computer security incident response security teams.teams work together voluntarily deal computer security problems formulating prevention methods.auscert calls brisbane home.office located university queensland campus. |
AusCERT | services auscert covers costs selling member subscriptions service contracts individuals businesses sizes.organisation boosts support incident management cyber threats.services include phishing takedown security bulletins incident notifications sensitive information alerts early warning sms malicious url feeds.the organisation prides tailored solutions tight community network built open source software solutions support members infrastructure provide information services.engaged active within incident response teams global level auscert charter member apcert well member forum incident response security team first auscert annual conference auscert hosting cybersecurity conferences australia since .conference takes place every year industry professionals handson tutorials.auscert conference oldest information security conference australia biggest conference country. |
AusCERT | last years conference attracted approximately participants sponsors speakers.three fourday program generally includes tutorials keynote speakers gala dinner australian information security awards speed debate.in due covid pandemic auscert hosted first virtual conference delegates registering.conference mc adam spencer featured speakers julie inman esafety commission kana shinoda code blue lukasz gogolkiewicz seek.additional activities notforprofit auscert strong advocate comes involving contributing entities cybersecurity education.organisation currently supports shares cybersecurity techniques opening following groups australian access federationcyber security threat annual surveys bdointernational training apnictraining support krcert andcouncil australian university directors information technology caudit. |
Bicknell's thrush | references external links auscert.org.auconference.auscert.org.aucm .g .oz.one north americas rarest localized breeders inhabits coniferous mountain tops disturbed habitats northeast.similar appearance vocalization graycheeked thrush catharus minimus two species two completely different breeding ranges differ slightly morphology vocalizations. |
Bicknell's thrush | named eugene bicknell american amateur ornithologist made first scientific discovery species slide mountain catskills late th century.description bicknells thrush slightly smaller northern migratory catharus thrushes average length approximately cm .weight ranging generally g. sexes identical field roughly size although males average slightly larger wing length.adults olivebrown brownish upperparts head nape back contrasting chestnuttinged tail.contrast however less evident worn plumage. |
Bicknell's thrush | underparts offwhite gray flanks breast offwhite buffy wash showing dusky spots becomes diffuse toward sides lower breast.pink legs faint grey eye ring gray cheeks.twothirds lower mandible yellow colored tip lower mandible upper mandible blackish.average slightly smaller similar graycheeked thrush indistinguishable outward appearance.together graycheeked bicknells thrush form cryptic species pair indeed formerly considered conspecific. |
Bicknell's thrush | song jumbled series flutelike tones ending higher note.taxonomy member family turdidae bicknells thrush belongs genus catharus.genus includes twelve species five found north america.closest relative bicknells thrush sister species graycheeked thrush.two species considered species. |
Bicknell's thrush | however dna analysis showed divergence two species million years ago.habitat range bicknells thrush scattered breeding range extends southeastern quebec nova scotia sky islands northern new england new york state.rarest secretive breeding thrushes north america bird species whose breeding range entirely restricted northeastern part continent.habitat specialist breeding range.known favor high altitude coniferous forests affected strong winds heavy ice conditions. |
Bicknell's thrush | usually breed higher elevations normally nesting ft. however live habitat also inhabit successional forests recently affected forest industry.habitat therefore best characterized highly disturbed forest trees small stunted.conversely bicknells thrush habitat generalist migration.bicknells graycheeked thrush along veery make closeknit group migrant species.birds migrate greater antilles estimated individuals wintering hispaniola mostly dominican republic also haiti.winter live broadleaf forests various elevations generally preferring higher elevations. |
Bicknell's thrush | behavior vocalization vocalizing mostly dawn dusk song mostly performed male sometimes also females.like north american thrushes bicknells thrush song flutelike.high pitched vibrant song composed four phrases “chookchook weeo weeo weeotitteree”.unlike graycheeked thrush pitch last phrase constant rising.primary call downward whistle named “beer call” “beer”.calls include growl call given alarm situations “crrrrrr” flight call “creeee” breeding bicknells thrushes unusual mating system females mate one male. |
Bicknell's thrush | practice known polyandry known occur thrushes.many four males perform duties connected one nest including bringing food nestlings.possible females decide mate males preys less abundant.pair formation thought occur female arrival breeding site late may.nest typically bulky cup made twigs moss close trunk conifer base horizontal branches usually meters ground. |
Bicknell's thrush | female builds nest alone lay three four eggs per clutch.incubation period two weeks nestlings fed parents grow rapidly developing days peanutsized hatchlings completely feathered adultsized birds.ticks blowflies lice parasites bicknells thrush must contend.red squirrel main predator eggs nestlings according breeding ecology.predators confirmed hunt nesting adults consisted sharpshinned hawk longtailed weasel northern sawwhet owl. |
Bicknell's thrush | nesting grounds least six predators suspected likely depredate nests least three predators may attacks nesting adults say nothing potential predators migration wintering grounds.food feeding thrushs diet consists mainly insects beetles ants main preys.also start eating wild fruits late summer midjuly continue migration wintering grounds.forage insects wild fruits winter.usually forage forest floor also catch flies glean insects foliage trees. |
Bicknell's thrush | individuals eating fruits wintering ground forage higher tree eating insects.foraging technique varies bicknells thrush mostly searches pausing peering marked hops short flights.sometimes food scratch ground especially wintering range.conservation threats threats numbers declining parts already limited range result habitat degradation.scientists believe industrial pollution one main reasons decline red spruce important element bicknells thrush habitat united states. |
Bicknell's thrush | airborne heavy metals may also damage highelevation forests northeastern united states.furthermore based expected substantial carbon dioxide increases end century scientists predict radical reduction balsam fir forest eastern united states.average global temperatures increase forests change much predicted bicknells thrush habitat likely altered ways may seriously affect species survival.indeed models predict bicknells thrush lose breeding habitat next years.furthermore recreational development telecommunication towers windmills increase major cause habitat fragmentation deterioration.industrial forestry practices although possibly harmful may modified aid conservation efforts protect bicknells thrush. |
Bicknell's thrush | study needed birds apparent acceptance certain commercial secondgrowth forest gives promise possibilities manmade growing bicknells thrush habitats future.bicknells thrush higher concentration mercury blood lowerelevation catharus thrush.mercury level increases greatly altitude concentration bioaccumulate food web probably explaining decreases breeding season advances birds begging feed fruits.high mercury concentrations may cause reproductive impairment.there also considerable concern degradation bicknells thrushs wintering habitats.dominican republics native forests considerable pressure naturally occurring events hurricanes well changes agricultural activities particularly low altitudes.forested lands haiti almost completely eliminated cuba known suitable habitat exists protected parklands. |
Bicknell's thrush | management management actions known place even though management procedures species’ conservation established international bicknells thrush conservation group ibtcg.near ski trails maintaining vegetation edges gradual slope keeping large forested “islands” leaves better habitat bicknells thrush.limiting vegetation management outside breeding season near mountain tops another way diminish disturbance.areas infrastructures built favorable bicknells thrush habitat restoration nonpermanent modifications environment reforesting recommended.signs barriers along trails leading infrastructure minimize disturbance another suggested measure. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | regenerating forests known good habitat species assuring continuous forest regeneration clearcuts benefits bicknells thrush.winter range reforestation agricultural lands proposed way protect declining thrush.references external links bibliography international bicknells thrush conservation group websitebicknells thrush cornell lab ornithologys birds websitebicknells thrush birds north america websitebicknells thrush audubon field guide websiteinternational bicknells thrush conservation group websitephotos bicknells thrush visual resources ornithology vireo websitelong title act provide protection management threatened native flora fauna enable promote conservation native flora fauna.received royal assent november .as november tsp act administered department primary industries parks water environment tasmania primary legislation listing protection conservation threatened native flora fauna tasmania.threatened species tasmania also listed environment protection biodiversity conservation act primary national legislation protection threatened species australia.the objectives tsp act ensure survival native flora fauna well encourage educate assist tasmanian community relevant landowners engage conservation protection endemic flora fauna.listing process species eligible listing act must considered native tasmanian flora fauna.alongside tasmania’s endemic flora fauna threatened species protection amendment act adjusted definition native flora fauna allow listing protection migrant species well vagrant hybrid species deemed appropriate scientific advisory committee.if species eligible protection tsp act person may submit form nominating species listing delisting. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | upon receiving nomination scientific advisory committee decides whether species meet legislative guidelines must publish initial decision within months.initial decision published tasmanian government gazette several tasmanian newspapers comment made.day period comment scientific advice received used synthesise final decision.minister environment parks must inform public decision make order act gazette newspapers.an order tsp act may seek list delist alter status one species.november threatened species protection orders enacted. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | assessing threatened species scientific advisory committee assessment nominations listing delisting species tsp act overseen scientific advisory committee threatened species.scientific advisory committee sac body provided tsp act whose function make recommendations minister secretary primary industries water listing delisting species.well suggesting amendments tsp act providing expert advice management conservation threatening processes tasmania.sac composed seven experts various fields whose collective expertise must include vertebrate invertebrate fauna vascular nonvascular flora taxonomy fields marine freshwater terrestrial population ecology.categorisation taxa assessment guidelines tsp act devised several major taxonomic groups mind vertebrate invertebrate fauna vascular nonvascular flora fungi marine species. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | however listed taxa placed one four groups vertebrate fauna invertebrate fauna vascular flora nonvascular flora.threat levels species approved listing tsp act placed one five categories depending circumstances species’ population meet certain thresholds endangerment criterion – endangered extant taxon native flora fauna may listed endangered danger extinction longterm survival unlikely factors causing endangered continue operating.” criterion endangered presumed extinct taxon native flora fauna may listed endangered presumed extinct ground occurrence taxon wild confirmed past years.” criterion vulnerable taxon native flora fauna may listed vulnerable likely become endangered taxon factors causing vulnerable continue operating.” criterion rare taxon native flora fauna may listed rare small population tasmania endangered vulnerable risk.” criterion taxa level subspecies taxon native flora fauna level subspecies narrowly defined owing taxonomic position environmental conditions geography may listed addition requirements section special need conserve tasmania.” application iucn red list tasmania levels threat along assessment processes tsp act largely structured around international union conservation nature iucn red list framework.iucn red list often used national regional bodies constructing conservation management frameworks.aims provide efficient mechanism objective classification taxa threat level based upon certain thresholds population decline.objective process enabled removing expert opinion final classification species done using data analysis determine extinction risk. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | iucn framework instead uses expert knowledge inform process mapping listing conservation aims remove subjective opinion final decision.there several major challenges faced applying iucn red list regional level iucn offer insight best approached.region isolated minimal migration fauna occurs across borders management region may utilise red list criteria global context.however movement taxa particularly fauna across borders regions different authority substantial challenge accurately listing population size especially endemic introduced species breeding nonbreeding members considered.iucn recommends firstly species’ population risk assessed within regional area initial classification made extraneous global factors used adjust classification needed.since tasmania island many endemic species flora fauna advantageous position adopt iucn red list framework.the levels threat tsp act differ red list slightly red list distinction “endangered” “critically endangered” tsp act broader endangered category. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | tsp act also uses category “rare” used red list.taxa within certain category provided level protection law however conservatory action taken subjective needs individual species.threatened species tasmania november species listed tsp act.vulnerable rare endangered extinct.tasmanian native species listed epbc act listed tsp act. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | epbc act uses criteria conservation dependant vulnerable endangered critically endangered extinct extinct wild.tasmanian species listed epbc act conservation dependant vulnerable endangered critically endangered.extinctions australia one highest extinction rates native animals world.due many factors however greatest contributors invasive species variations increases number severity bushfires loss least australias vegetation native habitat.since european settlement australia extinction least species occurred species native tasmania flora fauna. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | notable extinctions tasmanian tiger thylacine.offences act licences permits obtained take trade keep move process distribute listed flora fauna line act failure use licence permit within constraints tsp act offence.offence tsp act person without licence permit knowingly takes keeps trades processes listed species disturbs way listed species land subject interim protection order land management agreement conservation covenant.furthermore person may release abandon listed species wild.if listed flora fauna occurs within domestic garden encountered whilst person acting certified forest practices plan public authority management agreement dam works line water management act interference taking listed species considered offence.amendments november tsp act received two amendment acts. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | threatened species protection amendment act dealt minor changes word phrasing definitions offences.received royal assent december .threatened species protection amendment act amended penalties offences act.received royal assent september .challenges efficacy significant challenges faced accurately mapping habitats assessing species level threat due inhabited environment occurs marine terrestrial settings. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | small amount historical reference data population combined inability accurately efficiently map species numbers distribution marine environment results unabated species decline going unregistered.marine species flora fauna underrepresented tsp act compared terrestrial taxa.likely due marine environment obscured public view mapping assessment marine taxa requiring considerably time resources compared terrestrial mapping.however marine vertebrates represented greater number terrestrial counterparts may explained low repopulation rates target hunting fishing exposure marine terrestrial impacts.the category nonvascular flora largely lichens also significantly underrepresented.similarly marine environment obscure hidden nature nonvascular flora makes difficult sample obtain accurate population information. |
Threatened Species Protection Act 1995 | lack expert knowledge taxa tasmania consequently protection species often relies vascular plants habitat protected.similar discrepancies also seen epbc act “birds amphibians mammals high levels threatened species – reptiles plants .invertebrates fish considered threatened.”sampling species’ populations habitats particularly invertebrate fauna historically conducted single species sampling approach tasmania.aims give policy makers landowners relevant information manage native species’ habitats.approach sampling highly beneficial invertebrate conservation provides greater depth knowledge regarding habitat population given taxon. |
Wildlife conservation | challenge using assessments focused nature limited resources conservation taxa tasmania approach sampling struggles efficiently gather enough information landowners make management decisions.also struggles maximise amount species receiving population habitat mapping consequently conservatory action.suggested groups taxa rather individual species sampled habitat allow better land management direction.see also environment protection biodiversity conservation act federal legislationwildlife conservation act western australian legislationnsw threatened species conservation act tsc act new south wales legislation referencesmajor threats wildlife include habitat destruction degradation fragmentation overexploitation poaching pollution climate change.iucn estimates species ones assessed risk extinction.expanding existing species un report biodiversity put estimate even higher million species.also acknowledged increasing number ecosystems earth containing endangered species disappearing.address issues national international governmental efforts preserve earths wildlife. |
Wildlife conservation | prominent conservation agreements include convention international trade endangered species wild fauna flora cites convention biological diversity cbd.also numerous nongovernmental organizations ngos dedicated conservation nature conservancy world wildlife fund conservation international.threats wildlife habitat destruction habitat destruction decreases number places wildlife live in.habitat fragmentation breaks continuous tract habitat often dividing large wildlife populations several smaller ones.humancaused habitat loss fragmentation primary drivers species declines extinctions. |
Wildlife conservation | key examples humaninduced habitat loss include deforestation agricultural expansion urbanization.habitat destruction fragmentation increase vulnerability wildlife populations reducing space resources available increasing likelihood conflict humans.moreover destruction fragmentation create smaller habitats.smaller habitats support smaller populations smaller populations likely go extinct.overexploitation overexploitation harvesting animals plants rate thats faster speciess ability recover. |
Wildlife conservation | often associated overfishing overexploitation apply many groups including mammals birds amphibians reptiles plants.danger overexploitation many individuals species taken species may recover.example overfishing top marine predatory fish like tuna salmon past century led decline fish sizes well fish numbers.fileillegal wildlife trade confiscated skins.jpegthumbxpxconfiscated animal pelts illegal wildlife trade.alt poaching poaching illegal wildlife trading major threat certain species particularly endangered ones whose status makes economically valuable.species include many large mammals like african elephants tigers rhinoceros.traded tusks skins horns respectively. |
Wildlife conservation | less wellknown targets poaching include harvest protected plants animals souvenirs food skins pets poachers tend target threatened endangered species poaching causes already small populations decline even further.culling culling deliberate selective killing wildlife governments various purposes.example shark culling shark control programs queensland new south wales australia killed thousands sharks well turtles dolphins whales marine life.queensland shark control program alone killed sharks — also killed marine animals.also examples population culling united states bison montana swans geese deer new york places. |
Wildlife conservation | pollution wide range pollutants negatively impact wildlife health.pollutants simple exposure enough damage e.g.pesticides.others inhaling e.g.air pollutants ingesting e.g. |
Wildlife conservation | toxic metals.pollutants affect different species different ways pollutant bad one might affect another.air pollutants air pollutants come burning fossil fuels industrial emissions.direct indirect effects health wildlife ecosystems.example high levels sulfur oxides sox damage plants stunt growth.sulfur oxides also contribute acid rain harming terrestrial aquatic ecosystems. |
Wildlife conservation | air pollutants like smog groundlevel ozone particulate matter decrease air quality.heavy metals heavy metals like arsenic lead mercury naturally occur low levels environment ingested high doses cause organ damage cancer.toxic depends exact metal much ingested animal ingested it.human activities mining smelting burning fossil fuels various industrial processes contributed rise heavy metal levels environment.toxic chemicals many sources toxic chemical pollution including industrial wastewater oil spills pesticides.theres wide range toxic chemicals theres also wide range negative health effects.example synthetic pesticides certain industrial chemicals persistent organic pollutants. |
Wildlife conservation | pollutants longlived cause cancer reproductive disorders immune system problems nervous system problems.climate change humans responsible presentday climate change currently changing earths environmental conditions.related aforementioned threats wildlife like habitat destruction pollution.rising temperatures melting ice sheets changes precipitation patterns severe droughts frequent heat waves storm intensification rising sea levels effects climate change.phenomena like droughts heatwaves intense storms rising sea levels directly lead habitat destruction. |
Wildlife conservation | meanwhile warming climate fluctuating precipitation changing weather patterns impact species ranges.overall effects climate change increase stress ecosystems species unable cope rapidly changing conditions go extinct.modern climate change caused humans past climate change events occurred naturally led extinctions.species conservation estimated human activities current species extinction rates times greater background extinction rate normal extinction rate occurs without additional influence.according iucn species assessed risk extinction conservation. |
Wildlife conservation | mammals birds amphibians.however species assessed numbers could even higher.un report assessing global biodiversity extrapolated iucn data species estimated million species worldwide could face extinction.yet resources limited sometimes possible give species need conservation due consideration.deciding species conserve function close extinction species whether species crucial ecosystem resides much care it. |
Wildlife conservation | leatherback sea turtle leatherback sea turtle dermochelys coriacea largest turtle world turtle without hard shell endangered.found throughout central pacific atlantic oceans several populations decline across globe though all.leatherback sea turtle faces numerous threats including caught bycatch harvest eggs loss nesting habitats marine pollution.us leatherback listed endangered species act measures protect include reducing bycatch captures fishing gear modifications monitoring protecting habitat nesting beaches ocean reducing damage marine pollution.currently international effort protect leatherback sea turtle. |
Wildlife conservation | habitat conservation habitat conservation practice protecting habitat order protect species within it.sometimes preferable focusing single species especially species question specific habitat requirements lives habitat many endangered species.latter often true species living biodiversity hotspots areas world exceptionally high concentration endemic species species found nowhere else world.many hotspots tropics mainly tropical forests like amazon.habitat conservation usually carried setting aside protected areas like national parks nature reserves. |
Wildlife conservation | even area isnt made park reserve still monitored maintained.redcockaded woodpecker redcockaded woodpecker picoides borealis endangered bird southeastern us.lives longleaf pine savannas maintained wildfires mature pine forests.today rare habitat fires become rare many pine forests cut agriculture commonly found land occupied us military bases pine forests kept military training purposes occasional bombings also training set fires maintain pine savannas.woodpeckers live tree cavities excavate trunk. |
Wildlife conservation | effort increase woodpecker numbers artificial cavities essentially birdhouses planted within tree trunks installed give woodpeckers place live.active effort made us military workers maintain rare habitat used redcockaded woodpeckers.conservation genetics conservation genetics studies genetic phenomena impact conservation species.conservation efforts focus ensuring population growth genetic diversity also greatly affect species survival.high genetic diversity increases survival means greater capacity adapt future environmental changes. |
Wildlife conservation | meanwhile effects associated low genetic diversity inbreeding depression loss diversity genetic drift often decrease species survival reducing species capacity adapt increasing frequency genetic problems.though always case certain species threat low genetic diversity.best conservation action would restore genetic diversity.florida panther florida panther subspecies puma specifically puma concolor coryi resides state florida currently endangered.historically florida panthers range covered entire southeastern us. |
Wildlife conservation | early single population individuals left.population low genetic diversity highly inbred suffered several genetic issues including kinked tails cardiac defects low fertility.female texas pumas introduced florida population.goal increase genetic diversity introducing genes different unrelated puma population.florida panther population tripled offspring florida texas individuals higher fertility less genetic problems. |
Wildlife conservation | us fish wildlife service estimated adult florida panthers signs populations range expanding within florida.conservation methods wildlife population monitoring monitoring wildlife populations important part conservation allows managers gather information status threatened species measure effectiveness management strategies.monitoring local regional rangewide include one many distinct populations.metrics commonly gathered monitoring include population numbers geographic distribution genetic diversity although many metrics may used.monitoring methods categorized either direct indirect.direct methods rely directly seeing hearing animals whereas indirect methods rely signs indicate animals present. |
Wildlife conservation | terrestrial vertebrates common direct monitoring methods include direct observation markrecapture transects variable plot surveys.indirect methods include track stations fecal counts food removal open closed burrowopening counts burrow counts runaway counts knockdown cards snow tracks responses audio calls.for large terrestrial vertebrates popular method use camera traps population estimation along markrecapture techniques.method used successfully tigers black bears numerous species.trail cameras triggered remotely automatically via sound infrared sensors etc.computer visionbased animal individual reidentification methods developed automate sightresight calculations. |
Wildlife conservation | markrecapture methods also used genetic data noninvasive hair fecal samples.information analyzed independently conjunction photographic methods get complete picture population viability.government involvement us endangered species act passed protect us species deemed danger extinction.concern time country losing species scientifically culturally educationally important.year convention international trade endangered species fauna flora cites passed part international agreement prevent global trade endangered wildlife. |
Wildlife conservation | world conservation strategy developed iucn help un environmental programme world wildlife fund un food agricultural organization unesco.purpose promote conservation living resources important humans.convention biological diversity cbd agreed un conference environment development often called rio earth summit international accord protect earths biological resources diversity.according national wildlife federation wildlife conservation us gets majority funding appropriations federal budget annual federal state grants financial efforts programs conservation reserve program wetlands reserve program wildlife habitat incentives program.substantial amount funding comes sale huntingfishing licenses game tags stamps excise taxes purchase hunting equipment ammunition.nongovernment involvement late public became dissatisfied government environmental conservation efforts people began supporting private sector conservation efforts included several nongovernmental organizations ngos . |
Wildlife conservation | seeing rise support ngos u.s. congress made amendments foreign assistance act “earmarking u.s. agency international development usaid funds biodiversity”.from till environmental conservation ngos become increasingly focused political economic impact usaid funds dispersed preserving environment natural resources.terrorist attacks start former president bushs war terror maintaining improving quality environment natural resources became “priority” “prevent international tensions” according legislation foreign relations section foreign assistance act.nongovernmental organizations many ngos exist actively promote involved wildlife conservationthe nature conservancy us charitable environmental organization works preserve plants animals natural communities represent diversity life earth protecting lands waters need survive.world wide fund nature wwf international nongovernmental organization working issues regarding conservation research restoration environment formerly named world wildlife fund remains official name canada united states.worlds largest independent conservation organization million supporters worldwide working countries supporting around conservation environmental projects around world.charity approximately funding coming voluntary donations private individuals. |
ISO/IEC 27002 | funds income comes netherlands united kingdom united states.conservation internationalfauna flora internationalwildteamwildlife conservation societyaudubon societytraffic conservation programmeborn free foundationafrican wildlife defence forcesave cambodias wildlifewildearth guardians see also conservation movementconservation biologyendangered speciesrefuge ecologywildlife management references external links ernest ingersoll .wild life conservation america .encyclopedia americana.isoiec standard revised renumbered isoiec align isoiec series standards.revised .later isoiec created standard order suggest additional security controls cloud completely defined isoiec .isoiec provides best practice recommendations information security controls use responsible initiating implementing maintaining information security management systems isms.information security defined within standard context cia triadthe preservation confidentiality ensuring information accessible authorized access integrity safeguarding accuracy completeness information processing methods availability ensuring authorized users access information associated assets required.outline outline isoiec standard starts introductory chapters introduction scope normative references terms definitionsstructure standardthese followed main chapters information security policies organization information security human resource security asset management access control cryptography physical environmental security operation security procedures responsibilities protection malware backup logging monitoring control operational software technical vulnerability management information systems audit coordination communication security network security management information transfer system acquisition development maintenance security requirements information systems security development support processes test data supplier relationships information security supplier relationships supplier service delivery management information security incident management management information security incidents improvements information security aspects business continuity management information security continuity redundancies compliance compliance legal contractual requirements information security reviewswithin chapter information security controls objectives specified outlined. |
ISO/IEC 27002 | information security controls generally regarded best practice means achieving objectives.controls implementation guidance provided.specific controls mandated sinceeach organization expected undertake structured information security risk assessment process determine specific requirements selecting controls appropriate particular circumstances.introduction section outlines risk assessment process although specific standards covering area isoiec .use information security risk analysis drive selection implementation information security controls important feature isoiec series standards means generic good practice advice standard gets tailored specific context user organization rather applied rote. |
ISO/IEC 27002 | control objectives necessarily relevant every organization instance hence entire categories control may deemed necessary.standards also open ended sense information security controls suggested leaving door open users adopt alternative controls wish long key control objectives relating mitigation information security risks satisfied.helps keep standard relevant despite evolving nature information security threats vulnerabilities impacts trends use certain information security controls.it practically impossible list conceivable controls general purpose standard.industryspecific implementation guidelines isoiec isoiec offer advice tailored organizations telecomms industry see isoiec healthcare see iso .most organizations implement wide range information securityrelated controls many recommended general terms isoiec .structuring information security controls infrastructure accordance isoiec may advantageous since itis associated wellrespected international standardhelps avoid coverage gaps overlapsis likely recognized familiar isoiec standard implementation example isoiec examples typical information security policies controls relating three parts isoiec . |
ISO/IEC 27002 | note merely illustration.list example controls incomplete universally applicable.physical environmental security physical access premises support infrastructure communications power air conditioning etc.must monitored restricted prevent detect minimize effects unauthorized inappropriate access tampering vandalism criminal damage theft etc.the list people authorized access secure areas must reviewed approved periodically least year administration physical security department crosschecked departmental managers.photography video recording forbidden inside restricted areas without prior permission designated authority.suitable video surveillance cameras must located entrances exits premises strategic points restricted areas recorded stored least one month monitored around clock trained personnel.access cards permitting timelimited access general andor specific areas may provided trainees vendors consultants third parties personnel identified authenticated authorized access areas.other public areas reception foyer private areas rest rooms visitors escorted times employee premises.the date time entry departure visitors along purpose visits must recorded register maintained controlled site security reception.everyone site employees visitors must wear display valid issued pass times must present pass inspection request manager security guard concerned employee.access control systems must adequately secured unauthorizedinappropriate access compromises.fireevacuation drills must conducted periodically least year.smoking forbidden inside premises designated smoking zones.human resource security employees must screened prior employment including identity verification using passport similar photo id least two satisfactory professional references. |
ISO/IEC 27002 | additional checks required employees taking trusted positions.all employees must formally accept binding confidentiality nondisclosure agreement concerning personal proprietary information provided generated course employment.human resources department must inform administration finance operations employee taken transferred resigns suspended released longterm leave employment terminated.upon receiving notification hr employees status changed administration must update physical access rights security administration must update logical access rights accordingly.an employees manager must ensure access cards keys equipment storage media valuable corporate assets returned employee last day employment.access control user access corporate systems networks applications information must controlled accordance access requirements specified relevant information asset owners normally according users role.generic test ids must created enabled production systems unless specifically authorized relevant information asset owners.after predefined number unsuccessful logon attempts security log entries appropriate security alerts must generated user accounts must locked required relevant information asset owners.passwords pass phrases must lengthy complex consisting mix letters numerals special characters would difficult guess.passwords pass phrases must written stored readable format.authentication information passwords security logs security configurations forth must adequately secured unauthorized inappropriate access modification corruption loss.privileged access rights typically required administer configure manage secure monitor systems must reviewed periodically least twice year information security crosschecked appropriate departmental managers.users must either log passwordlock sessions leaving unattended.passwordprotected screensavers inactivity timeout minutes must enabled workstationspcs.write access removable media usb drives cddvd writers etc.must disabled desktops unless specifically authorized legitimate business reasons.history national equivalent standards isoiec directly equivalent national standards several countries.translation local publication often results several months delay main isoiec standard revised released national standard bodies go great lengths ensure translated content accurately completely reflects isoiec . |
ISO/IEC 27002 | certification isoiec advisory standard meant interpreted applied types sizes organization according particular information security risks face.practice flexibility gives users lot latitude adopt information security controls make sense makes unsuitable relatively straightforward compliance testing implicit formal certification schemes.isoiec information technology – security techniques – information security management systems – requirements widely recognized certifiable standard.isoiec specifies number firm requirements establishing implementing maintaining improving isms annex suite information security controls organizations encouraged adopt appropriate within isms.controls annex derived aligned isoiec .ongoing development isoiec isoiec revised isoiec jtcsc every years order keep current relevant. |
Malignant narcissism | revision involves instance incorporating references issued security standards isoiec isoiec isoiec various good security practices emerged field since last published.due significant installed base organizations already using isoiec particularly relation information security controls supporting isms complies isoiec changes justified wherever possible evolutionary rather revolutionary nature.see also bs original british standard isoiec isoiec derivedisoiec seriesit baseline protectionit risk managementlist iso standardssarbanes–oxley actstandard good practice published information security forumisoiec jtc sc – security techniquesnist cybersecurity frameworkcyber risk quantification references external links iso newsletterisoiecgrandiose always ready raise hostility levels malignant narcissist undermines families organizations involved dehumanizes people associate.malignant narcissism diagnostic category subcategory narcissism.narcissistic personality disorder npd found diagnostic statistical manual mental disorders dsmivtr malignant narcissism not.malignant narcissism could include aspects narcissistic personality disorder npd alongside mix antisocial paranoid sadistic personality disorder traits.importance malignant narcissism projection defense mechanism confirmed paranoia well patients vulnerability malignant narcissistic regression.history social psychologist erich fromm first coined term malignant narcissism describing severe mental sickness representing quintessence evil. |
Malignant narcissism | characterized condition severe pathology root vicious destructiveness inhumanity.edith weigert saw malignant narcissism regressive escape frustration distortion denial reality herbert rosenfeld described disturbing form narcissistic personality grandiosity built around aggression destructive aspects self become idealized.on may psychoanalyst otto kernberg presented paper factors psychoanalytic treatment narcissistic personalities work psychotherapy research project menninger foundation th annual meeting american psychoanalytic association boston.kernbergs paper first published hard copy january .kernbergs paper first published journal american psychoanalytic association japa word malignant appear pathological pathologically appears times.developing ideas kernberg pointed antisocial personality fundamentally narcissistic without morality.malignant narcissism includes sadistic element creating essence sadistic psychopath. |
Malignant narcissism | article malignant narcissism psychopathy employed interchangeably.kernberg first proposed malignant narcissism psychiatric diagnosis .far accepted medical manuals icd dsm.kernberg described malignant narcissism syndrome characterized narcissistic personality disorder npd antisocial features paranoid traits egosyntonic aggression.symptoms may include absence conscience psychological need power sense importance grandiosity.psychoanalyst george h. pollock wrote malignant narcissist presented pathologically grandiose lacking conscience behavioral regulation characteristic demonstrations joyful cruelty sadism. |
Malignant narcissism | note m. scott peck uses malignant narcissism way explain evil.kernberg believed malignant narcissism considered part spectrum pathological narcissism saw ranging hervey m. cleckleys antisocial character referred psychopathy antisocial personality high end severity malignant narcissism narcissistic personality disorder low end.according kernbergs hierarchy psychopathy trumps malignant narcissism extreme form pathological narcissism.malignant narcissism distinguished psychopathy according kernberg malignant narcissists capacity internalize aggressive idealized superego precursors leading idealization aggressive sadistic features pathological grandiose self patients.according kernberg psychopaths paranoid stance external influences makes unwilling internalize even values aggressor malignant narcissists capacity admire powerful people depend sadistic powerful reliable parental images.malignant narcissists contrast psychopaths also said capable developing identification powerful idealized figures part cohesive gang...which permits least loyalty good object relations internalized... may present rationalized antisocial behavior – example leaders sadistic gangs terrorist groups...with capacity loyalty comrades.psychopathy terms malignant narcissist psychopath sometimes used interchangeably little clinically separate two. |
Malignant narcissism | individuals narcissistic personality disorder malignant narcissism psychopathy display similar traits outlined hare psychopathy checklist.test items scored threepoint scale rating apply partial match mixed information reasonably good match.maximum score cutoff label psychopathy united states united kingdom.high scores positively associated measures impulsivity aggression machiavellianism persistent criminal behavior negatively associated measures empathy affiliation.malignant narcissism highlighted key area study mass murder sexual serial murder.contrast narcissism primary difference narcissism malignant narcissism malignant narcissism includes comorbid features personality disorders thus consists broader range symptoms pathological narcissism npd. |
Malignant narcissism | term malignant narcissism word malignant used sense word described merriamwebster dictionary passionately relentlessly malevolent aggressively malicious.malignant narcissism npd accompanied additional symptoms antisocial paranoid sadistic personality disorders.person npd deliberately damage people pursuit selfish desires may regret circumstances show remorse so.traits antisocial personality disorder present malignant narcissism malignant narcissist suffers pervasive lack empathy someone npd alone lack feelings guilt remorse damage cause.since sadism often considered feature malignant narcissism individual syndrome may lack feelings guilt remorse hurting others may even derive pleasure gratuitous infliction mental physical pain others. |
Intelligence-led policing | traits formerly codified dsmiii sadistic personality disorder spd.therapy typically analysis malignant narcissist patient attempts triumph analyst destroying analysis herself—an extreme version jacques lacan described resistance amourpropre... often expressed thus cant bear thought freed anyone myself.see also references external links narcissism comorbidity disordersintelligence officers serve guides operations rather operations guiding intelligence.calls intelligenceled policing originated britain united states.u.s. mark rieblings book wedge secret war fbi cia spotlighted conflict law enforcement intelligence urged cops become like spies.intelligenceled policing gained considerable momentum globally following september terrorist attacks united states.advocated leading police associations north america uk.although intelligenceled policing builds earlier paradigms community policing problemoriented policing partnership model policing originated rejection reactive focus crime community policing calls police spend time employing informants surveillance combat recidivist offenders.recently intelligenceled policing undergone revisionist expansion allow incorporation reassurance neighbourhood policing.history prior intelligenceled policing responsive strategy main method policing. |
Intelligence-led policing | however crime perceived outgrow police resources uk demand gap call new strategy would efficiently use resources available time early development intelligenceled policing took place uk.perceived police spending much time responding specific incidents tackling problem repeat offenders.therefore reports audit commission majestys inspectorate constabulary advocated increased use intelligence surveillance informants target recidivist offenders police could effective fighting crime.call quickly taken police forces particularly kent constabulary.intelligence led policing major proponent policing styles september th terrorist attacks.prior attacks majority branches government would often divulge information other.the main assumptions theory described ratcliffe’s format. |
Intelligence-led policing | shown figure belowthe three i’s call close cooperation police chiefs intelligence analysts order facilitate strategy impact criminal environment.figure .model intelligenceled policing adapted ratcliffepolice efforts homeland security mission changing main threats begin change.principal threats local selfgenerating selfdirected.direct connections overseas likely initiated local actors.isnt intended minimize international threat caution local threats increase”. |
Intelligence-led policing | “it become plausible small group nonstate actors terrorists could launch serious attack nation using weapons mass destruction even small arms mumbai.individuals might live local u.s. community halfway across world yet plan execute massive violent attack local u.s. community”.change effect intelligence collected police departments.misconceptions oftentimes intelligence intelligence led policing seen gathering information however process start begin there.national criminal intelligence sharing plan ncisp introduced contained recommendations major changes policing process collecting data. |
Intelligence-led policing | ncisp process intelligence also known intelligence cycle.intelligence seen information gathered analyzed.done computer software usually simplifies data instead considered intelligence must analyzed trained analyst.camden study camden new jersey considered one violent cities world.attributed large amount violent crimes reported city. |
Intelligence-led policing | large amount violent crime attributed disputed gang corners.gang corners rival gangs would often dispute territory boundaries could sell drugs.study found majority crime took place areas multiple gangs.interviews police officers study also found focus gang activity rather location said activity.therefore order change environment police department camden would use location denial strategy police officer would placed locations longer disputed. |
Intelligence-led policing | united kingdomuk intelligenceled policing uk applied specialized police practice involving identification targeting highrate chronic offenders devising strategic interventions based intelligence.ilp originated problemoriented strategy northern ireland royal ulster constabulary adopted kent northumbria constabularies combating motor vehicle theft property crime.kent prioritized calls service placing less priority minor service calls referring agencies order provide police time focus property crimes.rather reactively responding individual incidents systematic analysis offenses conducted showed small number offenders responsible disproportionately large number motor vehicle thefts area well identifying repeat victims problem areas.using knowledge formulate response automobile theft rate dropped significantly.since ilp enshrined britain philosophy underpinning national intelligence model. |
Intelligence-led policing | united states intelligenceled policing gained momentum national advisory commission criminal justice standards goals announced every law enforcement agency immediately create system gathering analyzing data.however agencies governed policies violated many civil liberties resulting many agencies shutting intelligence functions court order voluntarily.in standards policies introduced address abuses taken place.stated individual meet certain criminal criteria order entered intelligence files.regional information sharing systems riss centers sharing system introduced throughout nation collect store data criminals.the post environment us era homeland security american policing increased demands law enforcement build global partnerships work closely local agencies expand capacity state fight crime terrorism.owing belief held terrorist attacks could prevented intelligence failures key difference intelligenceled policing earlier strategies intelligence longer considered specialized function crime analysts intelligence units.investigations following bombings rail systems madrid london arrest suspected terrorists canada britain florida suggested intelligence culled variety sources may key identifying suspects successfully intervening prevent attacks.on march department homeland security secretary michael chertoff outlined riskbased approach homeland security threats vulnerabilities consequences said risk management must guide decisionmaking examine best organize prevent respond recover attack . |
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