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Firebug (software)	flashfirebug flashfirebug paid firebug extension helps flash flex developers debug adobe swf files web.flashfirebug developed ominds licensed gplv.in february ominds purchased code flashbug competing firefox extension.flashbug extensive capabilities parse amf shared objects objects partially decompile adobe swf files directly browser.soon purchase ominds integrated key features flashbug flashfirebug retired flashbug amo repository.currently extension displays textual output trace commands within adobe swf movie display tree hierarchy display objects properties viewers amf shared objects tool modify transformation display object stage.see also flash unstyled contentgoogle chrome § user interface google chrome inspectorinternet explorer developer toolsopera dragonflysafari web browser § features web inspector references reading luthra chandan mittal deepak april .
Firebug (software)	firebug .editing debugging monitoring web pages st ed.. packt publishing.p. .isbn .external links official website
Verisign	verisign also offers range security services including managed dns distributed denialofservice ddos attack mitigation cyberthreat reporting.in verisign sold authentication business unit – included secure sockets layer ssl certificate public key infrastructure pki verisign trust seal verisign identity protection vip services – symantec .billion.deal capped multiyear effort verisign narrow focus core infrastructure security business units.symantec later sold unit digicert .october neustar inc. acquired verisign’s security service customer contracts.
Verisign	acquisition effectively transferred verisign inc.’s distributed denial service ddos protection managed dns dns firewall feebased recursive dns services customer contracts.verisigns former chief financial officer cfo brian robins announced august company would move original location mountain view california dulles northern virginia due companys business east coast.company incorporated delaware.history verisign founded spinoff rsa security certification services business.new company received licenses key cryptographic patents held rsa set expire timelimited noncompete agreement.new company served certificate authority ca initial mission providing trust internet electronic commerce digital authentication services products.
Verisign	prior selling certificate business symantec verisign million certificates operation everything military financial services retail applications making largest ca world.in verisign acquired network solutions operated .com .net .org tlds agreements internet corporation assigned names numbers icann united states department commerce.core registry functions formed basis verisigns naming division become companys largest significant business unit.verisign charged violation securities exchange act.verisign divested network solutions retail domain name registrar business retaining domain name registry wholesale function core internet addressing business.for year ended december verisign reported revenue million million .verisign operates two businesses naming services encompasses operation toplevel domains critical internet infrastructure network intelligence availability nia services encompasses ddos mitigation managed dns threat intelligence.on august symantec completed approximately .
Verisign	billion acquisition verisigns authentication business including secure sockets layer ssl certificate services public key infrastructure pki services verisign trust services verisign identity protection vip authentication service majority stake verisign japan.deal capped multiyear effort verisign narrow focus core infrastructure security business units.following ongoing controversies regarding symantecs handling certificate validation culminated google untrusting symantecissued certificates chrome web browser symantec sold unit digicert million.verisigns share price tumbled early hastened u.s. governments announcement would relinquish oversight internets domainnaming system nongovernment entity.ultimately icann chose continue verisigns role root zone maintainer two entered new contract .naming services verisigns core business naming services division.
Verisign	division operates authoritative domain name registries two internets important toplevel domains .com .net.also contracted registry operator .name .gov toplevel domains well country code toplevel domains .cc cocos islands .tv tuvalu.addition verisign primary technical subcontractor .edu .jobs toplevel domains respective registry operators nonprofit organizations role verisign maintains zone files particular domains hosts domains domain servers.registry operators wholesalers internet domain names domain name registrars act “retailers” working directly consumers register domain name address.verisign also operates two internets thirteen root servers identified letters verisign operates “a” “j” root servers.root servers form top hierarchical domain name system supports modern internet communication.
Verisign	verisign also generates globally recognized root zone file also responsible processing changes file ordered icann via iana approved u.s. department commerce.changes root zone originally distributed via root server distributed thirteen servers via separate distribution system verisign maintains.verisign one root server operators operate one thirteen root nameservers.j root servers anycasted” longer operated companys datacenters means increase redundancy availability mitigate threat single point failure.department commerce ended role managing internets dns transferred full control icann.
Verisign	initially negatively impacted verisigns stock icann eventually chose contract verisign continue role root zone maintainer.verisigns naming services division dates back network solutions awarded contract national science foundation manage operate civilian side internets domain name registrations.network solutions sole registrar internets non governmental generic toplevel domains icann established new system competitive registrars implemented.result new policies network solutions divided two divisions.nsi registry division established manage authoritative registries company would still operate separated customerfacing registrar business would compete registrars.divisions even geographically split nsi registry moving corporate headquarters herndon virginia nearby dulles virginia.
Verisign	verisign purchased network solutions taking role internet dns.nsi registry division eventually became verisigns naming services division remainder network solutions later sold verisign pivotal equity group.company properties following sale authentication services division verisign relocated former headquarters mountain view california headquarters naming division sterling virginia originally nsi registrys headquarters.verisign began shopping year new permanent home shortly moving.signed lease bluemont way reston former sallie mae headquarters decided purchase building september .
Verisign	since terminated lease current space two buildings lakesideloudoun technology center.company completed move end november .new headquarters located reston town center development become major commercial business hub region.addition reston headquarters verisign owns three data center properties.one dresden street dulles virginia far corporate headquarters within large broad run technology park one boulden circle new castle delaware third fribourg switzerland.
Verisign	three data centers mirrored disaster one data center minimal impact operations.verisign also leases office suite downtown washington d.c. k street government relations office located.also leased server space numerous internet data centers around world dns constellation resolution sites located mostly major internet peering facilities.one facility equinix ashburn datacenter ashburn virginia one worlds largest datacenters internet transit hubs.controversies code signing certificate mistake january verisign mistakenly issued two class code signing certificates individual claiming employee microsoft.
Verisign	mistake discovered certificates revoked two weeks later routine audit.verisign codesigning certificates specify certificate revocation list distribution point way automatically detected revoked placing microsofts customers risk.microsoft later release special security patch order revoke certificates mark fraudulent.domain transfer law suit verisign sued domain slamming – transferring domains registrars making registrants believe merely renewing domain name.although found broken law barred suggesting domain expire claim transfer actually renewal.
Verisign	site finder legal case september verisign introduced service called site finder redirected web browsers search service users attempted go nonexistent .com .net domain names.icann asserted verisign overstepped terms contract u.s. department commerce essence grants verisign right operate dns .com .net verisign shut service.subsequently verisign filed lawsuit icann february seeking gain clarity services could offer context contract icann.claim moved federal california state court august .late verisign icann announced proposed settlement defined process introduction new registry services .com registry.
Verisign	documents concerning settlements available icann.org.icann comments mailing list archive documents criticisms raised regarding settlement.additionally verisign involved sex.com matter decided ninth circuit.gives .org domain keeping icanns charter introduce competition domain name marketplace verisign agreed give operation .org toplevel domain exchange continuation contract operate .com time million registered addresses.retains .net domain mid existing contract operation .net expired five companies including verisign bid management it.
Verisign	verisign enlisted numerous telecom heavyweights including microsoft ibm sun microsystems mci others assert verisign perfect record operating .net.proposed verisign continue manage .net dns due critical importance domain underlying numerous backbone network services.verisign also aided fact several bidders foreignbased raised concerns national security circles.june icann announced verisign approved operate .net .information .net bidding process available icann.
Verisign	july icann announced verisigns approval operate .net extended another six years .data breach disclosure controversy february verisign revealed network security repeatedly breached .verisign stated breach impact domain name system dns maintain would provide details loss data.verisign widely criticized disclosing breach earlier apparently attempting hide news october sec filing.because lack details provided verisign clear whether breach impacted certificate signing business acquired symantec late .according oliver lavery director security research ncircle trust site using verisign ssl certificates without clarity logical answer no”.
Verisign	web site domain seizures november u.s. immigration customs enforcement u.s. ice issued seizure orders web sites .com internet addresses reported involved illegal sale distribution counterfeit goods.registry operator .com verisign performed required takedowns sites order law enforcement.informationweek reported verisign say received sealed court orders directing certain actions taken respect specific domain names.removal websites cited impetus launch dotpp project order create decentralized dns service without centralized registry operators.following disappearance wikileaks following week forced move wikileaks.ch swiss domain electronic frontier foundation warned dangers key pieces internet infrastructure dns name translation corporate control.
Verisign	web site domain seizure march us government declared right seize domains ending .com .net .cc .tv .name .org companies administering domains based us.us government seize domains ending .com .net .cc .tv .name serving courtorder verisign manages domains..org domain managed virginia based nonprofit public interest registry.march verisign shut sportsbetting site bodog.com receiving court order even though domain name registered canadian company.references external links official websitedigicert ssl certificates formerly verisignoral history interview james bidzos charles babbage institute university minnesota minneapolis.
List of Cisco products	bidzos discusses leadership software security firm rsa data security sought commercialize encryption technology well role creating rsa conference founding verisign.oral history interview mill valley california.business data verisigncorporate market corporate market refers enterprise networking service providers.enterprise networksproducts category ciscos range routers switches wireless systems security systems wan acceleration hardware energy building management systems media aware network equipment.collaborationip video phones telepresence healthpresence unified communications call center systems enterprise social networks mobile applicationsdatacenter virtualizationunified computing unified fabric data centre switching storage networking cloud computing services.ip ngn next generation networkshighend routing switching fixed mobile service provider networks broadcast video contributiondistribution entitlement content delivery systems.securitystealthwatch identity services engine ise tetration adaptive security appliance asa next generation firewall ngfw firewall management center fmc securex umbrella cloudlock duo secure email cisco cloud mailbox defense secure web appliance cloud secure email secure email web manager anyconnect virtual private network intrusion detection prevention system idps talos.note cisco biggest security company world.small businesses small businesses include home businesses usually technologybased startups.routers switchesthe machines route redirect packets across network including networks smart meters.security surveillanceip cameras data network security etc.voice conferencingvoip phones gatewaysystems webex video conferencingwirelessindoor wifi access points wireless controllernetwork storage systemspersistent people storage networks either traditional sense cloudlike manner.home user home user refers individuals families require networking services home.link cited archived page broken incorrect otherwise nonfunctional broadbandbroadband refers cable modems.flip videowith acquisition pure digital technologies cisco began sell line videorecording devices called flip video pure digitals line products.line products popular cisco thought would april cisco announced discontinuing flip camera production.
List of Cisco products	ciscos ūmi product line video conferencing home also proved shortlived bid consumer multimedia market sales discontinued.hardware data datacenter products nexus switches v mds unified computing system ucs application centric infrastructure acirouters including series integrated services router isr isr g series asr network convergence system ncs carrier routing system crs crs crsxsecurity appliances asa asax asacx asa firepower pix series cisco security manager email security appliance esa web security appliance wsa content security management appliance smacatalyst switches series xl series series series catalyst series series series seriesteleworkerremote connectivity—cisco lanlan personal office isdn vpn concentratorscisco wireless lan products—access points pcipcmciausb wireless lan adaptors wireless lan controllers wlc wireless lan solutions engines wlse wireless control system wcs location appliances long range antennas telephony products collaboration systems—cisco telepresence cisco manufacturing mobile video collaboration librestream cisco acquired tandberg world leader telepresence systems ip telephony voip servers appliancescisco unified ip phones—wireless ip phone series series series servers application appliances cisco application policy infrastructure controller server controls application centric infrastructurecisco wide area application services waas optimizes performance tcpbased applicationsunified computing cisco unified computing system ucs virtual server platformcisco application control engine ace application delivery controller discontinuedcisco ucs bseries blade servers mini b b b b b b b mcisco ucs cseries rack servers c c c c c c cisco ucs fabric interconnects series series series experimental cleo router cisco low earth orbit router internet router integrated ukdmc disaster monitoring constellation satelliteiris internet routing space cisco internet routing space products cisco cius new androidbased collaboration tablet discontinuedset top boxes high definition pvrs—cableipflip pocket camera discontinued april software operating systems internetwork operating system iosiosxecatos—catalyst switch operating systemoperating systems cisco nexus switchesnxos—nexus operating systemacimode switch software application centric infrastructureiosxrstarent operating system staros vpnremote connectivity cisco anyconnect secure mobility client connecting virtual private networks replaces cisco systems vpn clientcisco systems vpn client connecting virtual private networksclean access agent cisco nac appliance telephonyvoip cisco callmanager cisco callmanager expresscisco unified communications manager cucm large scale contact center solutioncisco unified communications manager express cucme small scalesingle server contact center solutioncisco unified operations manager cuom— nms voice.features realtime monitoring system elements performs automatic discovery entire system provides contextual diagnostics troubleshooting.cisco ip communicator voip softphone software application.register cisco unified communications manager cisco unified communications manager express using either sip ciscos proprietary skinny client control protocol.webex collaboration tools cisco active network abstractioncisco fabric managerdata center management automation—cisco intelligent automationcisco tidal enterprise scheduler job schedulerciscoviewciscoworks network management softwarecisco eos software platformpacket tracer didactic network simulatorcisco network magic procisco security managercisco security device manager sdmcisco security prime device managercisco prime infrastructurecisco adaptive prime security device manager asacxcisco firepower management center asa firepowercisco ips device manager single ips devicescisco ips manager express multiple ips devicescisco identity services engine isepostoffice protocol confused pop smtp mail delivery protocols.cisco proprietary protocol runs udp port .
List of Cisco products	provides communications vehicle sensors director platform.voip services cisco became major provider voice ip enterprises moving home user market acquisitions scientific atlanta linksys.scientific atlanta provides voip equipment cable service providers time warner cablevision rogers communications upc others linksys partnered companies skype microsoft yahoo integrate consumer voip services wireless cordless phones.hosted collaboration solution hcs cisco partners offer cloudbased services based ciscos virtualized unified computing system ucs.part cisco unified services delivery solution includes hosted versions cisco unified communications manager ucm cisco unified contact center cisco unified mobility cisco unified presence cisco unity connection unified messaging cisco webex meeting center.
List of Cisco products	network emergency response part corporate social responsibility mission cisco tactical operations tacops employees disaster incident response team dirt volunteers maintain two network emergency response vehicles nervs.vehicles deployed tacopsdirt teams natural disasters public crises.vehicles selfcontained provide wired wireless services including voice radio interoperability voice ip networkbased video surveillance secured highdefinition videoconferencing leaders first responders crisis areas mbits bandwidth via .meter satellite antenna.nervs based cisco headquarters sites san jose california research triangle park north carolina allowing strategic deployment north america.become fully operational within minutes arrival.highcapacity diesel fueltanks allow largest vehicles run hours continuously.
List of Cisco products	nerv deployed incidents october california wildfires hurricanes gustav ike katrina san bruno gas pipeline explosion tornado outbreaks north carolina alabama hurricane sandy .cisco never charges tacopsdirt team deployments.the tactical operations team maintains deploys smaller portable communication kits emergencies outside north america.team deployed assist earthquake recovery haiti christchurch new zealand.deployed flooding brazil well response earthquake tsunami japan.in cisco received innovation preparedness award american red cross silicon valley chapter development use vehicles disasters.references
Bredolab botnet	botnet eventually dismantled november seizure command control servers estimated consist millions zombie computers.operations though earliest reports surrounding bredolab botnet originate may first malware samples bredolab trojan horse found botnet rise prominence august major surge size botnet.bredonets main form propagation sending malicious emails included malware attachments would infect computer opened effectively turning computer another zombie controlled botnet.peak botnet capable sending .billion infected emails every day.
Bredolab botnet	main form propagation use driveby downloads method exploits security vulnerabilities software.method allowed botnet bypass software protection order facilitate downloads without user aware them.the main income botnet generated leasing parts botnet third parties could subsequently use infected systems purposes security researchers estimate owner botnet made month botnet related activities.due rental business strategy payload bredolab diverse ranged scareware malware email spam.dismantling aftermath october team dutch law enforcement agents seized control servers contained three command control servers one database server several management servers bredolab botnet datacenter leaseweb effectively removing botnet herders ability control botnet centrally.attempt regain control botnet botnet herder utilized computers still control unleash ddos attack leaseweb servers though attempts ultimately vain.
Bredolab botnet	taking control botnet law enforcement team utilized botnet send message owners infected computers stating computer part botnet.subsequently armenian law enforcement officers arrested armenian citizen georgy avanesov basis suspected mastermind behind botnet.suspect denied involvement botnet.sentenced four years prison may .while seizure command control servers severely disrupted botnets ability operate botnet still partially intact command control servers persisting russia kazakhstan.security firm fireeye believes secondary group botnet herders taken remaining part botnet purposes possibly previous client reverse engineered parts original botnet creators code.even group noted botnets size capacity severely reduced law enforcement intervention.
Timeline of web browsers	referencesprior browsers many technologies systems existed information viewing transmission.indepth history earlier web browsers see web browser article.graphical timeline timeline following table chronicles major release dates popular web browsers.following table chronicles major release dates popular web browsers.following table chronicles major release dates popular web browsers.
Web conferencing	following table chronicles major release dates popular web browsers.initial release† subsequent releases planned references external links eric a. meyers take timeline structure historical browsersfreshbrowsers.com displays history major web browsersgoogle chrome teams evolution websometimes may used also narrow sense peerlevel web meeting context attempt disambiguate types known collaborative sessions.terminology related technologies exact agreed relying standards web conferencing specific organizations practices usage exist provide also term usage reference.in general web conferencing made possible internet technologies particularly tcpip connections.services may allow realtime pointtopoint communications well multicast communications one sender many receivers.offers data streams textbased messages voice video chat shared simultaneously across geographically dispersed locations.applications web conferencing include meetings training events lectures presentations webconnected computer webconnected computers.
Web conferencing	installation operation web conferencing software invoked participants web meeting.technologies include software functionality differs presenters attendees.software may run web browser application often relying adobe flash java webrtc provide operational platform.web conferencing technologies require download installation software participants computer invoked local application.many web conferencing vendors provide central connectivity provisioning meeting ports seats hosted web service others allow web conference host install run software local servers.
Web conferencing	another installation option certain vendors allows use proprietary computer appliance installed hosting companys physical location.depending technology used participants may speak listen audio standard telephone lines via computer microphones speakers.products allow use webcam display participants others may require proprietary encoding externally provided encoding video feed example professional video camera connected via ieee interface displayed session.vendorhosted web conferencing usually licensed service based one three pricing models fixed cost per user per minute monthly annual flat fee allowing unlimited use fixed maximum capacity per session sliding rate fee based number allowed meeting hosts persession participants number seats.presentation visual materials often accomplished one two primary methodologies.web conferencing software may show participants image presenters computer screen desktop.depending upon product software may show entire visible desktop area may allow selection physical area application running presenters computer.second method relies upload conversion process commonly consisting microsoft powerpoint files microsoft office electronic documents adobe pdf documents.
Web conferencing	etymology term webinar portmanteau web seminar meaning presentation lecture workshop transmitted web.coined term attacked improper construction since inar valid root.webinar included lake superior university list banished words included merriamwebster dictionary year.the term webcast derives original similarity radio television broadcast.early usage referred purely transmission consumption streaming audio video via world wide web.time webcast software vendors added many functional capabilities found webinar software blurring distinction two terms.
Web conferencing	webcasts likely allow audience response polls text communication presenters audience members twoway communications complement consumption streamed audiovideo content.features typical features web conference includeslideshow presentations images presented audience markup tools remote mouse pointer used engage audience presenter discusses slide content.live streaming video fullmotion webcam digital video camera multimedia files pushed audience.voip realtime audio communication computer via use headphones speakers.web tours urls data forms cookies scripts session data pushed participants enabling pushed webbased logons clicks etc.type feature works well demonstrating websites users also participate.meeting recording presentation activity recorded client side server side later viewing andor distribution.whiteboard annotation allowing presenter andor attendees highlight mark items slide presentation.simply make notes blank whiteboard.text chat live question answer sessions limited people connected meeting.text chat may public echoed participants private two participants.polls surveys allows presenter conduct questions multiple choice answers directed audiencescreen sharingdesktop sharingapplication sharing participants view anything presenter currently shown screen.
Web conferencing	screen sharing applications allow remote desktop control allowing participants manipulate presenters screen although widely used.standards web conferencing technologies standardized reduced interoperability transparency increased platform dependence security issues cost market segmentation.ietf established working group establish standard web conferencing called centralized conferencing xcon.planned deliverables xcon includea binary floor control protocol.binary floor control protocol bfcp published rfc mechanism membership authorization controla mechanism manipulate describe media mixing topology multiple media types audio video texta mechanism notification conference related eventschanges example floor change deployment models web conferencing available three models hosting service software appliance.an appliance unlike online hosted solution offered hardware.
Web conferencing	also known inhouse onpremises web conferencing.used conduct live meetings remote training presentations via internet.history realtime text chat facilities irc appeared late s. webbased chat instant messaging software appeared mids.plato computer learning system allowed students collaborate networked computers accomplish learning tasks early early networking accomplished via world wide web platos collaborative goals consistent presenteraudience dynamic typical web conferencing systems.plato ii featured two users once.in insoft inc. launched communique softwarebased unix teleconferencing product workstations enabled videoaudiodata conferencing.
Web conferencing	communique supported many users included revolutionary features application sharing audio controls text graphics whiteboarding allowed networked users share manipulate graphic objects files using simple paint tools.several pointtopoint privatenetwork video conferencing products introduced cuseeme used link selected schools around united states america realtime collaborative communications part global schoolhouse project global schoolnet.in may picturetel announced liveshare plus generaluse data collaboration product windowsbased personal computers.software allowed application sharing usergranted control remote pc shared whiteboard markup file transfer text messaging.list price given per computer.picturetel referenced agreement microsoft announcement press release may memo bill gates microsoft executive staff direct reports said picturetel screen sharing client allowing window sharing work easily across internet.in may microsoft announced netmeeting included component internet explorer .. time microsoft called netmeeting internets first realtime communications client includes support international conferencing standards provides true multiuser applicationsharing dataconferencing capabilities.in placeware founded spinoff xerox parc.november year placeware auditorium described public talk stanford university allowing one people give interactive online multimedia presentation via web hundreds thousands simultaneous attendees presentation include slides made powerpoint gifimage editor live annotation slide images realtime polls audience live audio presenter asking questions private text audio conversations auditoriums rows features.
Web conferencing	placeware auditorium formally announced march price per simultaneous user.unveiled insoft inc. cooltalk multimedia software tool let pc users view data displayed shared whiteboard exchange realtime messages via chat tool speak via tcpip voice connection.product worked microsoft sound systemcompatible audio boards available .kbits version .kbits version.cooltalk later packaged popular web browsers time.cooltalk ..
Web conferencing	sold ..respectively .in february starlight networks released starlive exclamation point part product name.press release said customers access familiar web browser interfaces view live prerecorded corporate presentations along synchronized slides.end users communicate directly presenter using realtime chat technology webbased collaboration tools.in june placeware .
Web conferencing	conference center released allowing live attendees meeting session.in february activetouch announced webex meeting center webex.com website.july webex meeting center formally released person meeting capacity demonstrated.september year activetouch changed company name webex.in april vstream introduced netcall product web conferencing feebased internet software utility lets send business presentations graphic information via email vstream server.vstream converts content using streaming technology makes presentation available viewing people time.vstream changed company name evoke communications change raindance communications .
Web conferencing	february raindance acquired intercall division west corporation.in december citrix systems acquired expertcity giving gotomypc gotoassist products.acquired company renamed citrix online division citrix systems.july citrix online released gotomeeting first generic web conferencing product.june gotowebinar added allowing additional registration reporting functionality along larger capacity sessions.in january macromedia acquired presedia including breeze presentation product.breeze live added .
Web conferencing	release macromedia breeze support web conferencing.april adobe systems announced acquisition macromedia completed december changed breeze product name adobe connect.a trademark term webinar first three letters capitalized registered eric r. korb serial number uspto reassigned intercall.trademark registration cancelled .learn.com filed claim term webinar without regard font style serial number uspto.trademark claim abandoned subsequent filing made.during covid pandemic webinars became norm teaching instruction numerous schools universities workplaces around world.
Security guard	new form transferring knowledge challenged institutions instructors fostered new practices teaching.time new form teaching also demonstrated advantages moving events online virtual conferences found inclusive affordable less timeconsuming accessible worldwide especially earlycareer researchers.providing great opportunity identify best practices designing intentionally inclusive online events positive advantages continue inperson conferences resume.see also comparison web conferencing softwarecollaborative softwareelectronic meeting systemhybrid eventvideoconferencingweb televisionwebcast referencesvariety hazards waste damaged property unsafe worker behavior criminal activity theft etc.enforcing preventative measures.security guards maintaining highvisibility presence deter illegal inappropriate actions looking either directly patrols indirectly monitoring alarm systems video surveillance cameras signs crime hazards fire taking action minimize damage warning escorting trespassers property reporting incidents clients emergency services police paramedics appropriate.security officers generally uniformed represent lawful authority protect private property.security guards generally governed legal regulations set requirements eligibility e.g.criminal record check permitted authorities security guard given jurisdiction.
Security guard	authorities permitted security guards vary country subnational jurisdiction.security officers hired range organizations including businesses government departments agencies notforprofit organizations e.g.churches charitable organizations.until term watchman commonly applied function usage dating back least middle ages europe form law enforcement private matter.term carried north america interchangeable nightwatchman e.g.security guard terms replaced modern securitybased titles.
Security guard	security officers sometimes regarded fulfilling private policing function.functions duties many security firms proprietary security departments practice detect deter observe report method.security officers required make arrests authority make citizens arrest otherwise act agent law enforcement example request police officer sheriff.a private security officers responsibility protecting client variety hazards usually form criminal acts.security personnel enforce company rules act protect lives property sometimes contractual obligation provide actions.addition basic deterrence security officers often trained perform specialized tasks arrest control including handcuffing restraints operate emergency equipment perform first aid cpr take accurate notes write detailed reports perform tasks required client serving.
Security guard	security officers also required go additional training mandated state carrying weapons batons firearms pepper spray e.g.bureau security investigative services california requirements license item listed must carried duty.officers required complete police certification special duties.the number jobs expected grow u.s. new security jobs expected .recent years due elevated threats terrorism security officers required bombthreat training andor emergency crisis training especially located soft target areas shopping malls schools area general public congregate.one major economic justification security personnel insurance companies particularly fire insurance carriers give substantial rate discounts sites hour presence.
Security guard	high risk highvalue property discount often exceed money spent security program.discounts offered security site increases odds fire noticed reported local fire department total loss occurs.also presence security officers particularly combination effective security procedures tends diminish shrinkage theft employee misconduct safety rule violations property damage even sabotage.many casinos hire security officers protect money transferring casino casinos bank.security personnel may also perform access control building entrances vehicle gates meaning ensure employees visitors display proper passes identification entering facility.security officers called upon respond potential hazards broken lights doors disturbances lost persons minor injuries etc.
Security guard	assist serious emergencies medicals fires crime etc.securing scene prevent loss damage summoning emergency responders incident helping redirect foot traffic safe locations documenting happened incident report give client idea prevent similar situations occurring.armed security officers frequently contracted respond law enforcement given situation client location control andor public authorities arrive scene.patrolling usually large part security officers duties incidents prevented looked instead waiting occur.often patrols logged use guard tour patrol system require regular patrols.recently commonly used form used mechanical clock systems required key manual punching number strip paper inside time preprinted it.
Security guard	recently electronic systems risen popularity due lightweight ease use downloadable logging capabilities.regular patrols however becoming less accepted industry standard provides predictability wouldbe criminal well monotony security officer duty.random patrols easily programmed electronic systems allowing greater freedom movement unpredictability.global positioning systems beginning used effective means tracking officers movements behavior.personnel although security officers differ police officers military personnel federal agentsofficers like australia united states growing proportion security personnel former police military experience including senior management personnel.
Security guard	hand security officers young people particular use job practical experience use applying law enforcement agencies.types personnel companies security personnel classified one followinginhouse proprietary i.e.employed company organization protect mall theme park casino formerly often called works police security police united kingdom.security supervisor meets clients employees necessary ensure client employee satisfaction.scheduler security officer assignment strategic scheduling resulting client satisfaction employee retention cost maintained within district financial plans.human resources manager effective delivery human resources services employment employeelabor relations compensation benefits administration training development workers’ compensation audit compliance.maintains implements corporate policies programs related employment.client service manager promotes financial growth district ensuring client retention security officer retention support development new business.client service supervisor provides security services designated clients resulting customer satisfaction security officer retention financial growth district.provides service large complex area.contract working private security company protects many locations.public security person employed appointed usually armed security officer government government agency.private police officers special police.private patrol officers vehicle patrol officers protect multiple client premises.parapolice aggressive firms routinely engage criminal investigation arrest.industry terms security personnel include security guard security officer security agent safety patrol private police company police security enforcement officer public safety.
Security guard	terms specialized jobs include usher bouncer bodyguards executive protection agent loss prevention alarm responder hospital security officer mall security officer crime prevention officer patrolman private patrol officer private patrol operator.state local governments sometimes regulate use terms law—for example certain words phrases give impression connected way federal government state government political subdivision state government forbidden use california security licensees business professions code section .. terms private homicide police special agent would unlawful security licensee use california.similarly canada various acts specifically prohibits private security personnel using terms probation officer law enforcement police police officer.alberta ontario prohibit use term security officer widespread use united states many decades.recent changes act also introduced restrictions uniform vehicle colours markings make private security personnel clearly distinctive police personnel.sources feel restrictions put place satisfy canadian police association.specialized vip security guard services companies high demand defined ability protect celebrities executives times unrest.
Security guard	marked difference persons performing duties historically associated watchmen persons take active role protecting persons property.former often called guards taught mantra observe report minimally trained expected deal public confront criminals.the latter often highly trained sometimes armed depending contracts agreed upon clientele likely interact general public confront criminal element.employees tend take pride title security officer protection officer disdain label guard.security jobs vary pay duties.sometimes little relationship duties performed compensation example mall security officers exposed serious risks earn less per hour industrial security guards less training responsibility.
Security guard	however positions security role separate titles job itself.roles progressed areas security people needed.term agent confusing security industry describe civil legal relationship employee employer contractor agent owner california pc also describe person government service special agent jones federal bureau investigation.title agent confused bail enforcement agents also known bounty hunters sometimes regulated agencies regulate private security.term agent also used industries banking agents loan agents real estate agents.
Security guard	security agents often employed loss prevention personal executive protection bodyguards roles.typically work plainclothes without uniform usually highly trained act lawfully direct defense life property.security officers private citizens therefore bound laws regulations citizenry contracted serve therefore allowed represent law enforcement penalty law.training police profession training requirements private security industry evolved time.many years security officers poorly chosen poorly trained partly security companies contracted clients private industry paid little security services.part contracts awarded security officer companies competition process final selection often made based cost rather experience professionalism security guard company.
Security guard	changed drastically september radical terrorists attacked united states.event moved corporate threat concerns top priority list security guard contracts started awarded based professionalism.money invested security money became available training security guards.term security professional began surface large private security companies like blackwater usa began offering training services private security industry approached level training provided military.security companies began paying enough attract people significant backgrounds law enforcement military often special operations.
Security guard	australia person conducts business employed securityrelated field within australia required licensed.six states two territories australia separate legislation covers security activities.licensing management stateterritory varied carried either police attorney generals department justice department department consumer affairs.new south wales—police security industry act security industry regulation victoria—police private security act queensland—justice attorneygeneral security providers act south australia—consumer business affairs security investigation agents act western australia—police security related activities control act security related activities control regulations tasmania—police security investigation agents act northern territory—justice private security act private security security officercrowd controllersecurity firmsmiscellaneous matters regulationsaustralian capital territory—regulatory services security industry act security industry regulation legislation intended enhance integrity private security industry.all persons licensed perform security activities required undertake course professional development associated streams recognised nationally.always case introduction requirement expected regulate educational standards knowledge base particular job competently performed.strict requirements laid type uniform badge used security companies.
Security guard	uniforms badges may confused police officer prohibited.also use titles security police private detective unacceptable.term security guard used companies government bodies individuals term security officer deemed suitable.bouncers use title crowd controllers store detectives use title loss prevention asset protection officers.security officers may carry firearms handcuffs batons role requires working appropriate subclass accreditation license.
Security guard	notable security companies sercomss security sis group snp security certis groupwilson securitysecuritasprosegurchubb security utciss securityarmaguard linfox proprietary limited private security trends review trends private security australia conducted tim prenzler karen earle rick sarre published australian institute criminology sought examine size scope private security industry australia help inform efforts develop national consistent standards licensing regimes.the review found industry similar gender profile police female male however security wider older age profile security officers years old police concentrated years.review noted private security outnumbered police two one expected rate would continue slow security technology become readilyaccessible especially cctv camera systems often seen costeffective guardingmobile patrol service.the review referenced report ibisworld indicated four five largest private security companies australia foreignowned accounting .market share time.a report authored anthony bergin donald williams christopher dixon published australian strategic policy institute focused current role private security countering hostile threats.evolving understanding threats resulted private security playing greater part responding critical incidents terrorist attacks.the report provided low end estimate total number licensed security personnel across australia employed fulltime .said security industry nationally characterized highvolume highturnover given conflict highly prescriptive selection process employers regulators seek ensure fit proper people licensed.
Security guard	approximately industry consists casual security officers.in referencing data provided asial report states private security industry annual turnover aud billion split evenly manpower electronics sector.despite various companies amalgamated split continues high rate foreignownership major security providers industry overall however remains split small number national companies large number small specialized businesses.technological advancements regards drones facial recognition robotics expected continue augment private security landscape australia.canada canada private security falls jurisdiction canadas ten provinces three territories.ten canadas provinces one territories yukon legislation regulates contract security industry.eleven jurisdictions require companies provide security guard services employees licensed.
Security guard	provinces canada regulate use handcuffs weapons firearms batons contract security companies employees either banning use completely permitting certain circumstances.additionally provinces terms variations prohibited either uniform selfreference.canadas federal laws also restrict ability security officers armed.example section firearms act makes offense person including security officer possess prohibited restricted firearms i.e.handguns anywhere outside home.two exceptions prohibition found sections act.
Security guard	section deals transportation firearms section deals allowing persons carry firearms persons protect lives lives persons performance occupation armour car guards licensed trappers provided authorization carry atc first obtained.british columbia private security province british columbia governed two pieces legislation security services act security services regulation.laws administered enforced security programs police technology division ministry public safety solicitor general.legislation requires guards must least years old undergo criminal background check successfully complete training course.far weapons british columbia law severely restricts use security officers.
Security guard	section c security services regulation prohibits security personnel carrying using item designed debilitating controlling person animal government interprets include weapons.well section forbids private security using carrying restraints handcuffs unless authorized government.however parts canada armoured car officers permitted carry firearms.past personnel worked contract security security companies regulated british columbia.however september inhouse security officers private investigators came jurisdiction security services act security services regulation.
Security guard	bodyguards bouncers effective november also subject regulations.europe armed private security officers much rarer europe illegal many countries united kingdom netherlands.developing countries host country permission armed security force composed mostly exmilitary personnel often used protect corporate assets particularly wartorn regions.united kingdom sia licenceas requirement private security industry act uk requires contract security officers valid security industry authority licence.the licence must displayed duty although dispensation may granted store detectives bodyguards others need operate without identified security guard.dispensation available vehicle immobilisers.
Security guard	licenses valid three years require holders undergo formal training also pass mandatory criminal records bureau checks.licences vehicle immobilisers valid one year.non sia licencesome people working inhouse security guardsofficers need sia licence.inhouse means directly employed companypeople protecting supermarkets work security company.uk supermarket asda one example directly employ inhouse guards need sia licence work.there two exceptions inhouse guardsdoor supervision licenced premisesvehicle immobilising – applies northern ireland.both need sia licences.unarmed guardingarmed guarding guarding weapon illegal united kingdom almost citizens prohibited carrying firearms pistol offensive weapons baton.
Security guard	banned list includesbatonsincapacitant spray pepper spray oc sprayfirearmstasers stun guns.however guards may carry handcuffs legarm restraints although rare grounds using narrow may wear stabresistant vests cashintransit guards.finland finland contract security officers finnish vartija swedish väktare required valid license granted police.temporary license valid four months normal license five years.license requires minimum hour course temporary license hours normal license.additionally narrow security vetting required.
Security guard	hour course allow guard carry kind special equipment baton handcuffs.guards complete hour course carry these.separate training license required security guard carry pepper spray extendable baton firearm.rehearse weapons usage mandatory every year regulated ministry interior ensure safe handling pepper spray such.firearms carried bodyguards cashintransit guards guarding person object significant terms public interest.
Security guard	finland security guard right detain person redhanded seen committing crime right search detained individual harmful items weapons.individual forcefully detained released police.companies providing security guarding services also required valid license ministry interior.netherlands netherlands security officers beveiligingsbeambte must undergo criminal background check local police department area private security company located.become security guard netherlands person must complete basic training level beveiliger several specialisations airport security harbour security object security mobile surveillance.
Security guard	addition individual courses specialiasations personal security bodyguard private investigator event security officer basic training beveiliger necessary.complete basic level training trainee must undergo threemonth internship private security company company contains security service licensed svpb board controls security exams.trainee guard must pass diploma within one year.trainee pass allowed work anymore completes training positive result.positive result new security id issued valid three years officer must undergo background check local police renew id.
Security guard	security officers netherlands allowed carry kind weapon handcuffs.every uniformed security guard netherlands must v symbol uniform advise public dealing private guard rule mandated ministry justice.security uniforms may look like similar police uniforms may contain kind rank designation.colors yellow gold allowed used dutch police uses gold accents uniforms also wearing uniform cap allowed.every new uniform design addition must approved ministry justice use.
Security guard	patrol vehicle may look like police striped vehicle.private security officers allowed carry firearms work military dutch national bank de nederlandsche bank national gold reserve found.security guards netherlands work specific security company security service within company bedrijfsbeveiligingsdienst.since security business netherlands seen trend evolve hospitality considered prominent priority security services.norway norway security officers called vektere.
Security guard	two different types vektere—the normal uniformed civilclothing officers watch private semipublic properties governmenthired vektere work public places parliament.law provides enforcement powers security officers parliament private security officers.security officers must undergo five weeks training internship.also possible choose security high school major requires two years school two years trainee positions private companies resulting certificate government.certificate makes easier get job slightly higher pay.
Security guard	also makes easier get job elsewhere security industry.certificate also obtained private security officers minimum years working experience.security officer may carry pepper spray batons kind weapon.however handcuffs may used.norges bank bank norway federal reserves armed government guards late disarmed minister finance.
Security guard	security officers serving ships sailing areas high piracy risk may equipped firearms.uniforms resemble police worn attire uniforms do.uniform must text vekter sikkerhet left shirt pocket.a security officer person may detain arrest anyone violates law long violation carries punishment minimum six months imprisonment fine.detainee must released handed authorities within four hours arrest.security officers assigned public transportation trains subways trams buses also powers transportloven transportation law.
Security guard	security officers may issue fixed penalty tickets violation parking regulations designated areas passengers public transportation without valid pass.security officer may search frisk person prevent use confiscate type weapon anything used weapon.security officers vakt servicenokas given extended training limited police authority transport prisoners police holding cells jails courts etc.due outcry police union program scrapped months.in addition normal vektere also special branch ordensvakter normally work bouncers security concerts similar types events.ordensvakter undergo extra week training learn techniques handle drunk people people various drugs.
Security guard	also learn alcohol laws norway rather strict.police local police district must approve ordensvakt.special regulations arose events bouncers bad reputation especially oslo brutal rough people.time police control worked bouncers.government implemented training mandatory policeissued id cards bouncers problems reduced.
Security guard	police oslo report ordensvakter helping police identify crimes otherwise would reported.due high number rapes violent robberies city oslo oslo kommune hired private security company metro garda patrol downtown immigrant areas.patrol positive effect city addition metro garda officers hired officers called bymiljøetaten city environment dep.municipalities norway allowed form police.police force norway national police politiet.in several officers securitas ab company arrested brutality robber apprehended main street oslo.
Security guard	crime captured mobile camera pedestrians created public outcry many objecting way security guards took law hands.later came light thief first attacked security guards approached brutality charges dropped.result episode police said would careful conducting criminal background checks security guards.security guards checked applied job working.security companies also criticized checking criminal records sufficiently cases all.
Security guard	guards working private security must checked annually.police authority withdraw companys licence company submit lists employees police.police norway widely criticized checking guards properly even encounter issue guard guard still work months anything done.security company gs criticized police hiring criminals stated cannot anything problem police ability check guards criminal records.in norwegian media reported offduty police officers home guard soldiers contracts armed employment civilian ships aden bay police leaders planning sanctions use police officers.today around people working private security norway.
Security guard	police around employees total.notable companiesgsinfratekiss formerly personellsikringnokassecuritas hong kong hong kong term security officer refers senior staff member supervises team security personnel.staff work security officers supervision calledsecurity guards.legislation october private security personnel regulated watchmen ordinance chapter .however many problems system regulation—for example restrictions may establish private security service companies provide security services client.also regulation people may perform installation security systems.
Security guard	employers hired caretakers instead security guards avoid responsibilities ordinance formal definition caretakers supposed provide facilities management service although security service provided residential properties takes parts facilities management service.result hong kong government enacted wholly new law security guarding services ordinance chapter replace watchmen ordinance.according security guarding services ordinanceno individual shall agree hold himselfherself available security work another person unless heshe sounder accordance permit orotherwise reward.security work means following activitiesguarding propertyguarding person place purpose preventing detecting occurrence offence replaced s. installing maintaining repairing security devicedesigning particular premises place system incorporating security device.security device means device designed adapted beinstalled premises place except vehicle purposeof detecting recording amended s. occurrence offence orthe presence intruder object persons reasons security permitted bring onto premises place premises place.qualification qualification security guards vary country country.different requirements completed applying job.hong kong applicant wishes apply security personnel permit spp mustheshe living hong kong least years.
Security guard	requirement may changedno criminal record.at least years old submitting hisher application.have passed mandatory hour training course granted certificate course.if applicant years old heshe must submit hisher health examination report.permit security personnel permit separated four types b c d.type permit holder permitted work singleblock residential building allowed carry firearms.age limit.type b permit holder permitted work type properties also allowed carry firearms.maximum age limit permit .type c permit holder permitted work armed guard.usually members cash transport car crew.
Security guard	maximum age limit permit .type permit holder permitted design install repair security devices.maximum age limit.the permit valid five years.holders must renew permit expires lose qualification work permit renewed.the type type b security service gradually combined property management service though boundary two industries unclear.power arrest security guards hong kong special powers arrest ordinary citizen i.e.citizens arrest also known locally arrest power.
Security guard	section criminal procedure ordinance addresses arrest offender private citizen allowed certain circumstances offender attempting arrestable offense.arrested suspect must delivered police office soon possible.arrestable offence defined crime carrying sentence months imprisonment.security personnel allowed search person allowed get personal information people exception specific circumstances.israel israel almost security guards carry firearm primarily prevent terror attacks.
Security guard	security guards common perform entrance checks shopping malls transportation terminals government office buildings many stores.many locations high number visitors jerusalem central bus station employ xray machines check passengers bags places opened visually inspected.since private security guards companies mikud also replaced official security forces checkpoints inside border west bank well crossings gaza.malaysia private security industry regulated ministry home affairs kementerian dalam negeri.private security companies malaysia must minimum employees complete certified security guard training course order receive approval renew private agency license.
Security guard	peninsular malaysia allows use nepalese security guards whereby east malaysian immigration policy allow use foreign workers employed security industry.south africa security guards along rest private security industry regulated act private security industry regulation act.united states private security guards outnumbered police officers since predating heightened concern security brought september attacks.million contract security officers equal number guards estimated work directly u.s. corporations much greater nearly sworn law enforcement officers united states.states require license work security officer.
Security guard	license may include criminal background check mandated training requirements.security guards powers arrest private citizen called private person arrest person arrest citizens arrest.weapons carried additional permits training usually required.armed security personnel generally employed protect sensitive sites government military installations armored money transports casinos banks financial institutions nuclear power plants.however armed security quickly becoming standard vehicle patrol officers many nongovernment sites.the responsibilities security guards united states expanding scope.
Security guard	example trend increasing use private security support services previously provided police departments.james f. pastor addresses substantive legal public policy issues directly indirectly relate provision security services.demonstrated logic alternative supplemental service providers.use private police particular appeal property business owners directly contract public safety services thereby providing welcome relief municipal budgets.finally private police functions flexible depending upon financial organizational political circumstances client.arizona — licensed security companies required provide eight hours preassignment training persons employed security guards employee acts capacity security guard.
Security guard	statemandated curriculum must taught subjects covered must include criminal law laws arrest uniforms grooming communications use force general security procedures crime scene preservation ethics first response.california — security guards required obtain license bureau security investigative services bsis california department consumer affairs.applicants must least years old undergo criminal history background check california department justice doj federal bureau investigation fbi complete hour course required training.required training broken smaller training sections timelines.first hours bsisdesigned instruction powers arrest weapons.within days getting individual officers license must receive hours training various mandatory elective courses.
Security guard	finally within months getting license must receive additional hours training various mandatory elective courses.california security officers also required complete hours annual training securityrelated topics addition initial hours training.training exam may administered private patrol operator large number certified training facilities.training classroom online.new jersey — security personnel employed security officer company provides security services entities contract must undergo state mandated certified training program.law commonly referred sora states effort increase quality security personnel.
Security guard	security personnel employed types businesses require sora certification card.however employed atlantic city casinos required state issued casino employee registration card.new mexico — security guards must undergo fbi background checks certified training program.guards carry firearms must also undergo additional training firearm approved firearms instructor pass psychological exam.security industry regulated new mexico regulation licensing division.new orleans louisiana city new orleans department police accordance new orleans home rule charter section b new orleans municipal code mcs deputizes armed security officers private investigators college campus police city state federal agencies within city limits limited police power new orleans police special officers.new orleans municipal code mcs states shall unlawful person act armed guard unless peace officer.
Security guard	louisiana r.s..b states special officer performing tasks requiring special officers commission shall powers duties peace officer.special officers may make arrest felony misdemeanor offenses property area protect patrol relation direct assignment.special officer making arrest may pat arrested subject weapons.
Security guard	special officers turn arrested subjects pertaining evidence new orleans police officer.special officers honor subpoenas arrest made appear court testify.special officers particular assignment regarded private citizens police power.however special officers still may make arrest felony whether presence particular assignment louisiana law ccrp art.arrest private person lawful.north carolina — security officers north carolina required register become certified private protective services board ppsb private security authority body north carolina department justice.
Security guard	purpose private protective services board administer licensing education training requirements persons firms associations corporations engaged private protective services within north carolina.board totally fee funded staffed departmental employees directed daily basis director appointed attorney general.two classifications officer armed unarmed.unarmed officer required take hour class training instruction become certified armed officer must take additional hours classroom training well qualify gun range firearm carried duty.oklahoma — security officers oklahoma licensed cleet council law enforcement education training.licensed unarmed officer individual must least years age undergo hours classroom training pass criminal history checks.
Security guard	armed guards must years age another hours classroom training qualify firearm pass psychological evaluation.oregon — department public safety standards trainingpennsylvania — licensing requirements unarmed security guard.however anyone carried firearm lethal weapon course scope employment must trained certified agent successfully complete hour training course including shooting range time order certified carry weapons duty lethal weapons training act commonly referred act certification.certification involves completing medical physical exam psychological examination classroom training qualifying pistol range firing rounds ammo larger .acp.agents also required qualify shotgun.certification good five years time eighthour refresher course must taken certification revoked.south carolina — security officers authority power arrest sheriffs deputies property paid protect according attorney general alan wilson considered law enforcement purpose making arrests swearing warrant magistrate.
Security guard	private officers may respond calls service make arrests use blue lights traffic radar.may also specially authorized state law enforcement division sled issue uniform traffic tickets violators.security officers licensed registered appropriate sled one year time.training unarmed officers hours additional hours required security weapons permit concealed security weapons permit.additional hours required documented officers issuing public private tickets well officers using batons pepper spray tasers.st.
Security guard	louis missouri — security officers required licensed st. louis county police department st. louis police department.st. louis county security officer training twoday class yearly renewal class.armed officers must shoot biannually keep armed status.county license called metropolitan license meaning good st. louis city county.st. louis city web site information regarding licensing requirements city county.texas — three types security officer license types state texas.
Security guard	requires certain level training.training licensing regulated department public safetys private security bureau.three types licenses arenon commissioned security officer level iia non commissioned security officer unarmed must wear distinctive dps approved uniform.main purpose type officer phrase associated security observe report.security officer generally good witness.required training level iinon commissioned officer requires hours classroom based training.
Security guard	course may taught licensed company directly new hires.owner qualified manager designee qualified manager may teach course.completion course candidate must pass multiple choice exam.pre requisites course license.background check fbi background check electronic fingerprint imagingrenewal submission renewal fee every two years.required renewal course.commissioned security officer level iii commissioned security officer openly carries handgun may also carry baton chemical dispensing device oc taser etc.
Security guard	commissioned officers also must wear distinct dps approved uniform time conceal weapon duty andor uniform.main purpose type officer actively prevent deter crime.observe report secondary function officer actively protect clients property accordance clients procedures well statefederal law.required training level iiicommissioned officer requires hour level iii course.training license consists classroom based learning defense tactics handcuffing firearms training.completion course candidate must pass firearms proficiency test multiple choice exam.
Security guard	license requires previous level ii course completed first.course may taught licensed level iii instructor working state licensed level iii security training school.background check fbi background check electronic fingerprint imagingrenewal submission renewal fee proof completion hour requalification class taught level iii instructor level iii training school.requalification course requires completion multiple choice exam firearms qualification.done every two years.personal protection officer level iva personal protection officer ppo directly protects life client.ppos license type able wear plain clothes working.
Security guard	ppos plain clothes must conceal firearm also license type able conceal firearm all.level ivpersonal protection officer license tied level iiicommissioned officer license.issue ppo license ppo candidate must applying time already received level iii commissioned security officer license.security officers level iii iv also expiration date regardless date issued.required training level iv personal protection officer requires hours course teaching additional law defense tactics considerations personal protection client oc training.license requires previous level ii level iii courses completed first.

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