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One-time password	text messaging ubiquitous communication channel directly available nearly mobile handsets texttospeech conversion mobile landline telephone text messaging great potential reach consumers low total cost implement.otp text messaging may encrypted using ax standard several hacking groups report successfully decrypted within minutes seconds.additionally security flaws ss routing protocol used redirect associated text messages attackers several customers germany breached manner order gain access mobile banking accounts.july u.s. nist issued draft special publication guidance authentication practices discourages use sms method implementing outofband twofactor authentication due ability sms intercepted scale.text messages also vulnerable sim swap scams—in attacker fraudulently transfers victims phone number sim card used gain access messages sent it.
One-time password	hardware tokens rsa securitys securid one example timesynchronization type token along hid globals solutions.like tokens may lost damaged stolen additionally inconvenience batteries die especially tokens without recharging facility nonreplaceable battery.variant proprietary token proposed rsa described ubiquitous authentication rsa would partner manufacturers add physical securid chips devices mobile phones.recently become possible take electronic components associated regular keyfob otp tokens embed credit card form factor.however thinness cards .mm .mm thick prevents standard components batteries used.special polymerbased batteries must used much lower battery life coin button cells.
One-time password	semiconductor components must flat must minimise power used standby operating.yubico offers small usb token embedded chip creates otp key pressed simulates keyboard facilitate easily entering long password.since usb device avoids inconvenience battery replacement.a new version technology developed embeds keypad payment card standard size thickness.card embedded keypad display microprocessor proximity chip.soft tokens smartphones onetime passwords also delivered directly mobile apps including dedicated authentication apps authy google authenticator within services existing app case steam.systems share security vulnerabilities sms necessarily require connection mobile network use.
One-time password	hard copies countries online banking bank sends user numbered list otps printed paper.banks send plastic cards actual otps obscured layer user scratch reveal numbered otp.every online transaction user required enter specific otp list.systems ask numbered otps sequentially others pseudorandomly choose otp entered.security correctly implemented otps longer useful attacker within short time initial use.
One-time password	differs passwords may remain useful attackers years fact.as passwords otps vulnerable social engineering attacks phishers steal otps tricking customers providing otps.also like passwords otps vulnerable maninthemiddle attacks making important communicate via secure channel example transport layer security.the fact passwords otp vulnerable similar kinds attacks key motivation universal nd factor designed resistant phishing attacks.otps dont involve timesynchronization challengeresponse component necessarily longer window vulnerability compromised use.late customers swedish bank tricked giving presupplied onetime passwords.type attack used customers us bank.standardization many otp technologies patented.
One-time password	makes standardization area difficult company tries push technology.standards however exist – example rfc skey rfc otp rfc hotp rfc totp.use mobile phone mobile phone handheld authentication token.mobile text messaging one ways receiving otac mobile phone.way service provider sends text message includes otac enciphered digital certificate user authentication.
One-time password	according report mobile text messaging provides high security uses public key infrastructure pki provide bidirectional authentication nonrepudiation accordance theoretical analysis.sms method receiving otacs broadly used daily lives purposes banking creditdebit cards security.telephone two methods using telephone verify user’s authentication.with first method service provider shows otac computer smartphone screen makes automatic telephone call number already authenticated.user enters otac appears screen telephone keypad.with second method used authenticate activate microsoft windows user call number provided service provider enters otac phone system gives user.computer field computer technology known using onetime authorization code otac email broad sense using onetime authorization code otac webapplication professional sense.an email one common ways using otacs.two main methods used.
One-time password	first method service provider sends personalised one time url authenticated email address e.g.ucl.ac.uk user clicks url server authenticates user.second method service provider sends personalised otac e.g.enciphered token authenticated email address user types otac website server authenticates user.a web application generate unique personal identification number pin user input desktop client desktop client turn uses code authenticate web application.form authentication particularly useful web applications internal usernamepassword store instead use saml authentication.
One-time password	since saml works within browser desktopbased web application client cannot successfully authenticate using saml.instead client application use onetime authorization code otac authenticate web application.addition possible use oauth authorization framework third party application needs obtain limited access http service.post possible send otacs user via post registered mail.user requests otac service provider sends via post registered mail user use authentication.
Tufin	example uk banks send otac internet banking authorization via post registered mail.expansion quantum cryptography based uncertainty principle one ideal methods produce otac.moreover discussed used using enciphered code authentication also using graphical one time pin authentication qr code provides decentralized access control technique anonymous authentication.see also google authenticatorfreeotpinitiative open authenticationkeyagreement protocolkypsonetime padcode cryptography § onetime codeopie authentication systemotpwpersonal identification numberpublic key infrastructureqr codeskeysecurity tokentimebased onetime password algorithmtwofactor authentication referencestufin orchestration suite supports nextgeneration firewalls network layer firewalls routers network switches load balancers web proxies private public cloud platforms microservices.history prior initial public offering tufin privately funded since establishment.products tufin develops markets tufin orchestration suite consists ofsecuretrack firewall operations management auditing compliancesecurechange security change automationsecureapp application connectivity managementsecurecloud hybrid cloud securitythe company releases updates tufin orchestration suite quarter.the suite designed large enterprises well managed security service providers mssp security auditors.tufin products help security teams implement maintain security policy firewalls routers network switches.accelerate service delivery network change automation expedite process compliance audits security standards pci dss nerc sarbanes oxley.
Tufin	tufin products also help companies manage automate daily configuration changes network security devices.innovation tufins innovation includes several technologies automatic policy generator refines security rules based network traffic methods automating security policy management concept managing network security policies application scope.tufins core technology protected multiple us patents.partnerships network security vendors provide operations management auditing change automation tufin products.tufin technology partners include check point cisco fortinet juniper networks mcafee palo alto networks stonesoft f networks vmware openstack amazon web services aws microsoft azure bmc servicenow puppet labs others.
Browser engine	references external links application connectivity management tufins secureapp completes trifecta security policy management alan shimelrethinking firewall management zdnet article tom foremskisix deploys tufin swiss stock exchange uses tufin manage firewalls applications survey clevel managers senior professionalsunified security policy tufin firewall management software gets smarter business apps shamus mcgillicuddyofficial company web sitenetwork security policy management solutions evolved research paper gartnertufin collaborates microsoft integrate public cloud support microsoft azure tufin orchestration suite™primary job browser engine transform html documents resources web page interactive visual representation users device.name scope browser engine standalone computer program critical piece larger program web browser term derived.word engine analogy engine car.besides browser engine two terms common use regarding related concepts layout engine rendering engine.theory layout rendering painting could handled separate engines.practice however tightly coupled rarely considered separately.in addition layout rendering browser engine enforces security policy documents handles navigation hyperlinks data submitted forms implements document object model dom data structure exposed page scripts.executing javascript js code separate matter however every major web browser uses dedicated engine this.
Browser engine	js language originally created use browsers used elsewhere implementation js engines decoupled browser engines.web browser two engines work concert via shared dom data structure.browser engines used types programs besides web browsers.email clients need display html email.electron framework powered two engines google chrome browser used create many applications.layout rendering layout web page typically specified cascading style sheets css.
Browser engine	style sheet series rules browser engine interprets.example rules specify typography details font color text size.engine combines relevant css rules calculate precise graphical coordinates visual representation paint screen.some engines may begin rendering pages resources downloaded.result visual changes data received images gradually filled flash unstyled content.notable engines apple created webkit engine safari browser forking khtml engine kde project.
Browser engine	browsers ios must use webkit engine.google originally used webkit chrome browser eventually forked create blink engine.chromiumbased browsers use blink applications built cef electron framework embeds chromium.microsoft two proprietary engines mshtml edgehtml.mshtml used internet explorer browser.edgehtml original engine edge browser remade blink engine.mozilla develops gecko engine firefox browser thunderbird email client seamonkey internet suite.timeline duration active development shown relevant new web standards continue added engine.
Security engineering	referencessimilar systems engineering activities primary motivation support delivery engineering solutions satisfy predefined functional user requirements added dimension preventing misuse malicious behavior.constraints restrictions often asserted security policy.in one form another security engineering existed informal field study several centuries.example fields locksmithing security printing around many years.concerns modern security engineering computer systems first solidified rand paper security privacy computer systems willis h. ware.paper later expanded provided many fundamental information security concepts labelled today cybersecurity impact modern computer systems cloud implementations embedded iot.recent catastrophic events notably made security engineering quickly become rapidlygrowing field.
Security engineering	fact report completed estimated global security industry valued us billion.security engineering involves aspects social science psychology designing system fail well instead trying eliminate sources error economics well physics chemistry mathematics criminology architecture landscaping.some techniques used fault tree analysis derived safety engineering.other techniques cryptography previously restricted military applications.one pioneers establishing security engineering formal field study ross anderson.qualifications single qualification exists become security engineer.however undergraduate andor graduate degree often computer science computer engineering physical protection focused degrees security science combination practical work experience systems network engineering software development physical protection system modelling etc.qualifies individual succeed field.degree qualifications security focus exist.
Security engineering	multiple certifications certified information systems security professional certified physical security professional available may demonstrate expertise field.regardless qualification course must include knowledge base diagnose security system drivers security theory principles including defense depth protection depth situational crime prevention crime prevention environmental design set protection strategy professional inference technical knowledge including physics mathematics design commission engineering treatment solution.security engineer also benefit knowledge cybersecurity information security.previous work experience related privacy computer science also valued.knowledge must braced professional attributes including strong communication skills high levels literacy engineering report writing.
Security engineering	security engineering also goes label security science.relatedfields information securitysee esp.computer securityprotecting data unauthorized access use disclosure destruction modification disruption access.physical securitydeter attackers accessing facility resource information stored physical media.technical surveillance countermeasureseconomics securitythe economic aspects economics privacy computer security.methodologies technological advances principally field computers allowed creation far complex systems new complex security problems.modern systems cut across many areas human endeavor security engineers need consider mathematical physical properties systems also need consider attacks people use form parts systems using social engineering attacks.
Security engineering	secure systems resist technical attacks also coercion fraud deception confidence tricksters.web applications according microsoft developer network patterns practices security engineering consist following activitiessecurity objectivessecurity design guidelinessecurity modelingsecurity architecture design reviewsecurity code reviewsecurity testingsecurity tuningsecurity deployment reviewthese activities designed help meet security objectives software life cycle.physical understanding typical threat usual risks people property.understanding incentives created threat countermeasures.understanding risk threat analysis methodology benefits empirical study physical security facility.understanding apply methodology buildings critical infrastructure ports public transport facilitiescompounds.overview common physical technological methods protection understanding roles deterrence detection mitigation.determining prioritizing security needs aligning perceived threats available budget.product product security engineering security engineering applied specifically products organization creates distributes andor sells.product security engineering distinct corporateenterprise security focuses securing corporate networks systems organization uses conduct business.product security includes security engineering applied tohardware devices cell phones computers internet things devices cameras.software operating systems applications firmware.such security engineers often employed separate teams corporate security teams work closely product engineering teams.
Security engineering	target hardening whatever target multiple ways preventing penetration unwanted unauthorised persons.methods include placing jersey barriers stairs sturdy obstacles outside tall politically sensitive buildings prevent car truck bombings.improving method visitor management new electronic locks take advantage technologies fingerprint scanning iris retinal scanning voiceprint identification authenticate users.see also references reading ross anderson .security engineering.
Security engineering	wiley.isbn .ross anderson .security engineering guide building dependable distributed systems.wiley.isbn .ross anderson .
Security engineering	information security hard economic perspective pdf.proc.annual computer security applications conference.doi.acsac...bruce schneier .applied cryptography nd ed.. wiley.
Security engineering	isbn .bruce schneier .secrets lies digital security networked world.wiley.isbn .david a. wheeler .secure programming linux unix howto.
Security engineering	linux documentation project.archived original .retrieved .ron ross michael mcevilley janet carrier oren .systems security engineering pdf.internet things.
WebAuthn	retrieved .cite web cs maint multiple names authors list link articles papers patterns practices security engineering channelpatterns practices security engineering msdnpatterns practices security engineering explainedbasic target hardening government south australiawebauthn core component fido project guidance fido alliance.goal project standardize interface authenticating users webbased applications services using publickey cryptography.on client side support webauthn implemented variety ways.underlying cryptographic operations performed authenticator abstract functional model mostly agnostic respect key material managed.makes possible implement support webauthn purely software making use processors trusted execution environment trusted platform module tpm.sensitive cryptographic operations also offloaded roaming hardware authenticator turn accessed via usb bluetooth low energy nearfield communications nfc.
WebAuthn	roaming hardware authenticator conforms fido client authenticator protocol ctap making webauthn effectively backward compatible fido universal nd factor uf standard.similar legacy uf web authentication resilient verifier impersonation resistant active maninthemiddleattacks unlike uf webauthn require traditional password.moreover roaming hardware authenticator resistant malware since private key material time accessible software running host machine.the webauthn level standard published wc recommendation march .level specification development.level specification currently first public working draft fpwd.background fido successor fido universal nd factor uf legacy protocol.
WebAuthn	fido authentication advantages uf—the primary difference fido authenticator also single multifactor passwordless authenticator.uf protocol designed act second factor strengthen existing usernamepasswordbased login flows.a fido authenticator may used either singlefactor mode multifactor mode.singlefactor mode authenticator activated test user presence usually consists simple button push.multifactor mode authenticator something performs user verification.depending authenticator capabilities besomething know secret pin passcode swipe patternsomething biometric fingerprint iris voicein case authenticator performs user verification locally device.
WebAuthn	secret biometric stored authenticator shared website.moreover single secret biometric works websites authenticator select correct cryptographic key material use service requesting authentication user verification completed successfully.a secret biometric authenticator used together similarly would used smartphone.example fingerprint used provide convenient access smartphone occasionally fingerprint access fails case pin used.overview like predecessor fido uf wc web authentication webauthn involves website web browser authenticatorthe website conforming webauthn relying partythe browser conforming webauthn clientthe authenticator fido authenticator assumed compatible webauthn clientwebauthn specifies claimant demonstrates possession control fido authenticator verifier called webauthn relying party.authentication process mediated entity called webauthn client little conforming web browser.
WebAuthn	authentication purposes illustration assume authenticator roaming hardware authenticator see options.case authenticator multifactor cryptographic authenticator uses publickey cryptography sign authentication assertion targeted webauthn relying party.assuming authenticator uses pin user verification authenticator something pin something know.to initiate webauthn authentication flow webauthn relying party indicates intentions webauthn client i.e.browser via javascript.webauthn client communicates authenticator using javascript api implemented browser.
WebAuthn	roaming authenticator conforms fido client authenticator protocol.webauthn strictly require roaming hardware authenticator.alternatively software authenticator implemented smartphone e.g.platform authenticator i.e.authenticator implemented directly webauthn client device may used.relevant examples platform authenticators include windows hello android operating system.the illustrated flow relies pinbased user verification terms usability modest improvement ordinary password authentication.
WebAuthn	practice use biometrics user verification improve usability webauthn.logistics behind biometrics still poorly understood however.lingering misunderstanding among users biometric data transmitted network manner passwords case.registration webauthn relying party receives signed authentication assertion browser digital signature assertion verified using trusted public key user.webauthn relying party obtain trusted public key first placeto obtain public key user webauthn relying party initiates webauthn registration flow similar authentication flow illustrated above.
WebAuthn	primary difference authenticator signs attestation statement attestation private key.signed attestation statement contains copy public key webauthn relying party ultimately uses verify signed authentication assertion.attestation statement also contains metadata describing authenticator itself.the digital signature attestation statement verified trusted attestation public key particular model authenticator.webauthn relying party obtains store trusted attestation public keys unspecified.one option use fido metadata service.the attestation type specified javascript determines trust model.
WebAuthn	instance attestation type called selfattestation may desired trust model essentially trust first use.support webauthn level standard published wc recommendation web authentication working group march .webauthn supported following web browsers google chrome mozilla firefox microsoft edge apple safari opera web browser.the desktop version google chrome supported webauthn since version .firefox fully supported previous fido uf standard included enabled webauthn firefox version released may .early windows insider release microsoft edge build implemented version webauthn works windows hello well external security keys.existing fido uf security keys largely compatible webauthn standard though webauthn added ability reference unique peraccount user handle identifier older authenticators unable store.
WebAuthn	one first fidocompatible authenticators secondgeneration security key yubico announced april .the first security level certified fido key called goldengate announced one year later ewbm april .anddropbox announced support webauthn logins nd factor may .apple announced face id touch id could used webauthn platform authenticator safari june .api webauthn implements extension wcs general credential management api attempt formalize interaction websites web browsers exchanging user credentials.web authentication api extends credential management navigator.credentials.create navigator.credentials.get javascript methods accept publickey parameter.create method used registering public key authenticators part associating user accounts possibly initial account creation time likely adding new security device existing account get method used authenticating logging in.to check browser supports webauthn scripts check window.publickeycredential interface defined.
WebAuthn	addition publickeycredential standard also defines authenticatorresponse authenticatorattestationresponse authenticatorassertionresponse interfaces addition variety dictionaries datatypes.the api allow direct access manipulation private keys beyond requesting initial creation.reception august paragon initiative enterprises conducted security audit webauthn standard.could find specific exploits revealed serious weaknesses way underlying cryptography used mandated standard.the main points criticism revolve around two potential issues problematic cryptographic systems past therefore avoided order fall victim class attacksthrough mandated use cose rfc webauthn also supports rsa pkcsv.padding.particular scheme padding known vulnerable specific attacks least twenty years successfully attacked protocols implementations rsa cryptosystem past.
WebAuthn	difficult exploit given conditions context webauthn given secure cryptographic primitives padding schemes still bad choice considered best practice among cryptographers more.the fido alliance standardized asymmetric cryptographic scheme ecdaa.version direct anonymous attestation based elliptic curves case webauthn meant used verify integrity authenticators also preserving privacy users allow global correlation handles.however ecdaa incorporate lessons learned last decades research area elliptic curve cryptography chosen curve security deficits inherent type curve reduces security guarantees quite substantially.furthermore ecdaa standard involves random nondeterministic signatures already problem past.paragon initiative enterprises also criticized standard initially developed proposal made public advance experienced cryptographers asked suggestions feedback.hence standard subject broad cryptographic research academic world.despite shortcomings paragon initiative enterprises still encourage users continue use webauthn come recommendations potential implementors developers standard hope implemented standard finalized.
WebAuthn	avoiding mistakes early possible would prevent industry challenges introduced broken standards need backwards compatibility.ecdaa designed used combination device attestation.particular feature webauthn necessarily required authentication work.current implementations allow user decide whether attestation statement sent registration ceremony.independently relying parties choose require attestation not.ecdaa removed webauthn level implemented browsers relying parties.
Code injection	references external links web authentication api accessing public key credentials level web authentication working groupweb authentication api mdnwebauthn awesomeinjection used attacker introduce inject code vulnerable computer program change course execution.result successful code injection disastrous example allowing computer viruses computer worms propagate.code injection vulnerabilities occur application sends untrusted data interpreter.injection flaws often found sql ldap xpath nosql queries os commands xml parsers smtp headers program arguments etc.injection flaws tend easier discover examining source code via testing.scanners fuzzers help find injection flaws.injection result data loss corruption lack accountability denial access.
Code injection	injection sometimes lead complete host takeover.certain types code injection errors interpretation giving special meaning user input.similar interpretation errors exist outside world computer science comedy routine whos first.routine failure distinguish proper names regular words.likewise types code injection failure distinguish user input system commands.code injection techniques popular system hacking cracking gain information privilege escalation unauthorized access system.code injection used malevolently many purposes includingarbitrarily modifying values database sql injection.
Code injection	impact range website defacement serious compromise sensitive data.installing malware executing malevolent code server injecting server scripting code php asp.privilege escalation root permissions exploiting shell injection vulnerabilities setuid root binary unix local system exploiting service microsoft windows.attacking web users htmlscript injection crosssite scripting.in .vulnerabilities reported year classified code injection highest year record.decreased .. benign unintentional use code injection may used good intentions example changing tweaking behavior program system code injection cause system behave certain way without malicious intent.code injection could exampleintroduce useful new column appear original design search results page.offer new way filter order group data using field exposed default functions original design.as regards programs like dropbox add special parts could used connect online resources offline program.utilize linux dynamic linker define function name certain libc functions link function library override use libc function.some users may unsuspectingly perform code injection input provide program considered originally developed system.examplewhat user may consider valid input may contain token characters character strings reserved developer special meaning perhaps shannon jason quotation marks bub slugger mccracken.the user may submit malformed file input handled gracefully one application toxic receiving system.another benign use code injection could discovery injection flaws intention fixing flaws.
Code injection	known white hat penetration test.preventing problems prevent code injection problems utilize secure input output handling asusing apis used properly secure input characters.parameterized queries also known compiled queries prepared statements bound variables allows moving user data string interpreted.additionally criteria api similar apis move away concept command strings created interpreted.enforcing language separation via static type system.input validation whitelisting known good values done client side using javascript example done server side secure.input encoding e.g.escaping dangerous characters.
Code injection	instance php using htmlspecialchars function escape special characters safe output text html mysqlirealescapestring isolate data included sql request protect sql injection.output encoding i.e.preventing html injection xss attacks web site visitorshttponly flag http cookies set allow clientside script interaction cookies thereby preventing certain xss attacks.modular shell disassociation kernelwith sql injection one use parameterized queries stored procedures whitelist input validation help mitigate code injection problems.the solutions listed deal primarily webbased injection html script code serverside application.approaches must taken however dealing injection user code user machine resulting privilege elevation attacks.approaches used detect isolate managed unmanaged code injections areruntime image hash validation – capture hash part complete image executable loaded memory compare stored expected hash.nx bit – user data stored special memory sections marked nonexecutable.processor made aware code exists part memory refuses execute anything found there.canaries – randomly place values stack.
Code injection	runtime canary checked function returns.canary modified program stops execution exits.occurs stack overflow attack.in ccode pointer masking cpm – loading potentially changed code pointer register apply bitmask pointer.effectively restricts addresses pointer refer.examples sql injection sql injection takes advantage syntax sql inject commands read modify database compromise meaning original query.for example consider web page two fields allow users enter user name password.
Code injection	code behind page generate sql query check password list user namesif query returns rows access granted.however malicious user enters valid username injects valid code password password field resulting query look like thisin example password assumed blank innocuous string.always true many rows returned thereby allowing access.the technique may refined allow multiple statements run even load run external programs.assume query following formatif adversary following inputsuserid drop table user password orthe query parsed bethe result table user removed database.occurs symbol signifies end one command start new one.signifies start comment.
Code injection	crosssite scripting code injection malicious injection introduction code application.web servers guestbook script accepts small messages users typically receives messages asvery nice sitehowever malicious person may know code injection vulnerability guestbook enters message asif another user views page injected code executed.code allow attacker impersonate another user.however software bug accidentally triggered unassuming user cause website display bad html code.html script injection popular subject commonly termed crosssite scripting xss.xss refers injection flaw whereby user input web script something along lines placed output html without checked html code scripting.many problems related erroneous assumptions input data possible effects special data.
Code injection	dynamic evaluation vulnerabilities eval injection vulnerability occurs attacker control part input string fed eval functioncall.the argument eval processed php additional commands appended.example arg set systembinecho uhoh additional code run executes program server case binecho.object injection php allows serialization deserialization whole objects.untrusted input allowed deserialization function possible overwrite existing classes program execute malicious attacks.attack joomla found .
Code injection	remote file injection consider php program includes file specified requestthe example might read colorfiles like blue.php red.php could loaded attackers might provide colorhttpevil.comexploit causing php load external file.format specifier injection format string bugs commonly appear programmer wishes print string containing user supplied data.programmer may mistakenly write printfbuffer instead printfs buffer.first version interprets buffer format string parses formatting instructions may contain.second version simply prints string screen programmer intended.consider following short c program local variable char array password holds password program asks user integer string echoes userprovided string.if user input filled list format specifiers ssssssss printfwill start reading stack.
Code injection	eventually one format specifier access address password stack print password screen.shell injection shell injection command injection named unix shells applies systems allow software programmatically execute command line.example vulnerable tcsh scriptif stored executable file .check shell command .check evil attempt execute injected shell command evil instead comparing argument constant one.code attack code trying check parameter code might trying validate parameter order defend attack.any function used compose run shell command potential vehicle launching shell injection attack.among system startprocess system.diagnostics.process.start.client–server systems web browser interaction web servers potentially vulnerable shell injection.
Code injection	consider following short php program run web server run external program called funnytext replace word user sent word.the passthru composes shell command executed web server.since part command composes taken url provided web browser allows url inject malicious shell commands.one inject code program several ways exploiting syntax various shell features list exhaustivesome languages offer functions properly escape quote strings used construct shell commandsphp escapeshellarg escapeshellcmdpython shlex.quotehowever still puts burden programmers knowlearn functions remember make use every time use shell commands.addition using functions validating sanitizing user input also recommended.a safer alternative use apis execute external programs directly rather shell thus preventing possibility shell injection.however apis tend support various convenience features shells andor cumbersomeverbose compared concise shellsyntax.
SharePoint	see also arbitrary code executionbuffer overflowdebuggingfile inclusion vulnerabilitygadget machine instruction sequencemobile codemonitorsgml entityshellshock software bugsql injectiontrojan horse computingunintended instructionsweb skimming references external links article three ways inject code another process robert kusterarticle inject code portable executable file a. danehkararticle injective code inside import table a. danehkararticle defending injection attacks contextsensitive string evaluation csse tadeusz pietraszek chris vanden berghenews article flux spreads wider first trojan horse make use code injection prevent detection firewallthe daily wtf regularly reports realworld incidences susceptibility code injection software.launched sharepoint primarily sold document management storage system product highly configurable usage varies substantially among organizations.according microsoft july sharepoint million users across customer organizations.editions various editions sharepoint different functions.sharepoint standard microsoft sharepoint standard builds microsoft sharepoint foundation key product areassites audience targeting governance tools secure store service web analytics functionality.communities mysites personal profiles including skills management search tools enterprise wikis organization hierarchy browser tags notes.content improved tooling compliance document record management managed metadata word automation services content type management.search better search results search customization abilities mobile search mean os search integration faceted search metadatarelevancydatelocationbased refinement options.composites prebuilt workflow templates business connectivity services bcs profile pages.sharepoint standard licensing includes cal client access license component server fee.sharepoint standard may also licensed cloud model.sharepoint server sharepoint server provided organizations seek greater control sharepoints behavior design.
SharePoint	product installed customers infrastructure.receives fewer frequent updates access wider set features customization capabilities.two editions sharepoint server standard enterprise.free version called foundation discontinued .servers may provisioned normal virtualcloud servers hosted services.
SharePoint	sharepoint enterprise built upon sharepoint standard microsoft sharepoint enterprise features unlocked providing additional license key.extra features sharepoint enterprise includesearch thumbnails previews rich web indexing better search results.business intelligence integration dashboards business data surfacing.powerpivot performancepoint.microsoft office access visio excel infopath forms services.sharepoint enterprise search extensions.sharepoint enterprise licensing includes cal component server fee must purchased addition sharepoint server licensing.sharepoint enterprise may also licensed cloud model.sharepoint online microsofts hosted sharepoint typically bundled microsoft subscriptions licensed separately.sharepoint online advantage needing maintain ones servers result lacks customization options selfhosted installation sharepoint.it limited core set collaboration file hosting document content management scenarios updated frequent basis typically comparable sharepoint enterprise.currently additional capabilities includesupport sharepoint framework extensionsnew modern responsive sharepoint ux partially included feature pack yammer integration office groupsintegration outlook web appnewer versions online office document editor toolsremoval various file sizenumber limitationsapps conceptmissing capabilities includesome search ui customizationsmany web publishing capabilitiesservice application administration optionsmany customizationsolution types runno ability read error uls logsno ability share site page aspx external anonymous visitors documents word excel picture ... may shared suchmicrosoft lists changes sharepoint online office roadmap.sharepoint online available microsoft plans applications sharepoint usage varies organization organization.
SharePoint	product encompasses wide variety capabilities require configuration governance.the common uses sharepoint include enterprise content document management sharepoint allows storage retrieval searching archiving tracking management reporting electronic documents records.many functions product designed around various legal information management process requirements organizations.sharepoint also provides search graph functionality.sharepoints integration microsoft windows microsoft office allow collaborative realtime editing encryptedinformation rights managed synchronization.this capability often used replace existing corporate file server typically coupled enterprise content management policy.intranet social network sharepoint intranet intranet portal way centralize access enterprise information applications.
SharePoint	tool helps organization manage internal communications applications information easily.microsoft claims organizational benefits increased employee engagement centralizing process management reducing new staff onboarding costs providing means capture share tacit knowledge e.g.via tools wikis.collaborative software sharepoint contains team collaboration groupware capabilities including project scheduling integrated outlook project social collaboration shared mailboxes project related document storage collaboration.groupware sharepoint based around concept team site.
SharePoint	file hosting service personal cloud sharepoint server hosts onedrive business allows storage synchronization individuals personal documents well publicprivate file sharing documents.typically combined microsoft office serversservices microsoft exchange produce personal cloudwebdav used access files without using web interface.however microsofts implementation webdav doesnt conform official webdav protocol therefore isnt compliant webdav standard.example webdav applications support language tagging functionality xml specification microsofts implementation doesnt.windows xp windows supported.
SharePoint	custom web applications sharepoints custom development capabilities provide additional layer services allow rapid prototyping integrated typically lineofbusiness web applications.sharepoint provides developers integration corporate directories data sources standards restodataoauth.enterprise application developers use sharepoints security information management capabilities across variety development platforms scenarios.sharepoint also contains enterprise app store different types external applications encapsulated managed access resources corporate user data document data.content structure pages sharepoint provides freeform pages may edited inbrowser.
SharePoint	may used provide content users provide structure sharepoint environment.web parts app parts web parts app parts components also known portlets inserted pages.used display information sharepoint thirdparty applications.content item content type libraries lists apps content item resource electronic form.following examplesdocument always namecontact may email address andor phone number.sales invoice may customer id.content types definitions types content items.
SharePoint	definitions describe things like metadata fields document contact sales invoice may have.sharepoint allows create definitions based builtin ones.built content types include contacts appointments documents folders.sharepoint library stores displays content items type documents folders.sharepoint list stores displays data items contacts.builtin content types contact appointment allow list expose advanced features microsoft outlook project synchronization.in sharepoint locations lists libraries renamed apps despite unrelated sharepoint app store.sharepoint renamed back lists libraries.
SharePoint	sites sharepoint site collection pages lists libraries apps configurations features content types subsites.examples site templates sharepoint include collaboration team sites wiki sites blank sites publishing sites.configuration customization webbased configuration sharepoint primarily configured web browser.webbased user interface provides configuration capability product.depending permission level web interface used tomanipulate content structure site structure createdelete sites modify navigation security addremove apps.enable disable product features upload custom designsthemes turn integrations office products.configure basic workflows view usage analytics manage metadata configure search options upload customizations set integration.sharepoint designer sharepoint designer semideprecated product provided advanced editing capabilities htmlaspx pages remains primary method editing sharepoint workflows.a significant subset html editing features removed designer product expected deprecated –.microsoft sharepoints server features configured either using powershell web ui called central administration.
SharePoint	configuration server farm settings e.g.search crawl web application services handled central tools.while central administration limited farmwide settings config db provides access tools sharepoint health analyzer diagnostic healthchecking tool.in addition powershells farm configuration features limited tools made available administering adjusting settings sites site collections content databases.a limited subset features available sharepoints saas providers including microsoft.custom development sharepoint framework spfx provides development model based typescript language.technical stack yeoman node.js webstack gulp npm.embraces modern web technologies development method.
SharePoint	supported way customize new modern experience user interface ui.globally available since mid .allows web developer step sharepoint development easily.the sharepoint app model provides various types external applications offer capability show authenticated webbased applications variety ui mechanisms.apps may either sharepointhosted providerhosted.provider hosted apps may developed using backend web technologies e.g.
SharePoint	asp.net nodejs php.apps served proxy sharepoint requires dnscertificate manipulation onpremises versions sharepoint.the sharepoint client object model available javascript .net restsoap apis referenced many environments providing authenticated users access wide variety sharepoint capabilities.sandboxed plugins uploaded enduser granted permission.securityrestricted governed multiple levels including resource consumption management.multitenant cloud environments customizations typically allowed.farm features typically fully trusted code need installed farmlevel.considered deprecated new development.service applications possible integrate directly sharepoint soa bus farm level.customization may appear throughapplicationtoapplication integration sharepoint.extensions sharepoint functionality e.g.
SharePoint	custom workflow actions.web parts also known portlets widgets gadgets provide new functionality added page.pagessites pagesite templates.server architecture sharepoint server scaled operate entirely one developer machine scaled managed across hundreds machines.farms sharepoint farm logical grouping sharepoint servers share common resources.farm typically operates standalone also subscribe functions another farm provide functions another farm.farm central configuration database managed either powershell interface central administration website relies partly powershells infrastructure.
SharePoint	server farm able directly interface central configuration database.servers use configure services e.g.iis windows features database connections match requirements farm report server health issues resource allocation issues etc... web applications web applications toplevel containers content sharepoint farm.web application associated primarily iis configuration.web application consists set access mappings urls defined sharepoint central management console replicated sharepoint across every iis instance e.g.
SharePoint	web application servers configured farm.site collections site collection hierarchical group sharepoint sites.web application must least one site collection.site collections share common properties detailed common subscriptions service applications configured unique host names.site collection may distinct content databases may share content database site collections web application.
SharePoint	service applications service applications provide granular pieces sharepoint functionality web service applications farm.examples service applications include user profile sync service search indexing service.service application turned exist one server loadbalanced across many servers farm.service applications designed independent functionality independent security scopes.administration security compliance sharepoints architecture enables leastprivileges execution permission model.sharepoint central administration ca web application typically exists single server farm however also able deployed redundancy multiple servers.
SharePoint	application provides complete centralized management interface web service applications sharepoint farm including ad account management web service applications.event failure ca windows powershell typically used ca server reconfigure farm.the structure sharepoint platform enables multiple exist single farm.shared cloud hosting environment owners may require management console.sharepoint tenant administration ta optional web application used web application owners manage web application interacts shared resources farm.compliance standards integration sharepoint integrates microsoft office.sharepoint uses microsofts openxml document standard integration microsoft office.
SharePoint	document metadata also stored using format.sharepoint provides various application programming interfaces apis clientside serverside javascript rest soap odatabased interfaces.sharepoint used achieve compliance many document retention record management document id discovery laws.sharepoint compatible cmis content management interoperability standard using microsofts cmis connector.sharepoint default produces valid xhtml .compliant wcag .accessibility standards.sharepoint use claimsbased authentication relying saml tokens security assertions.sharepoint provides open authentication plugin model.sharepoint support xliff support localization content sharepoint.also added support appfabric.
SharePoint	sharepointrelated microsoft products history origins sharepoint evolved projects codenamed office server tahoe office xp development cycle.office server evolved frontpage office server extensions team pages.targeted simple bottomup collaboration.tahoe built shared technology exchange digital dashboard targeted topdown portals search document management.searching indexing capabilities sharepoint came tahoe feature set.search indexing features combination index crawling features microsoft site server family products query language microsoft index server.gacglobal assembly cache used accommodate shared assemblies specifically designated shared applications executed system.versions successive versions chronological orderoffice server extensionssharepoint portal server sharepoint team serviceswindows sharepoint services .
SharePoint	free license sharepoint portal server commercial releasewindows sharepoint services .free license office sharepoint server commercial extensionsharepoint foundation free sharepoint server commercial extension foundation sharepoint enterprise commercial extension serversharepoint foundation free sharepoint server extension top foundation sharepoint enterprise .sharepoint online plan .sharepoint server sharepoint enterprise .sharepoint server sharepoint enterprise .notable changes sharepoint changes enduser functionality added version sharepoint includenew ui fluent ribbon using wikipages rather webpart pages offering multibrowser support.new social profiles early social networking featurescentral administration rebuilt.restructure shared service providers introduction service applications soa model.sandboxed solutions clientside objectmodel apis javascript silverlight .net applicationsbusiness connectivity services claimsbased authentication windows powershell support notable changes sharepoint crossbrowser drag drop support file uploadschanges followshare buttonsonedrive business initially skydrive pro replaces mysites workspaces.updates social network feature new task aggregation tool.database caching called distributed cache servicecontentaware switching called managementaudit center service called ediscoveryrebuilt improved search capabilitiesremoval analytics capabilitiesui jslink mds theme packs.wysiwyg sp designer.notable changes sharepoint sourceshybrid improvementssingle sites viewunified searchsearch sensitive information hybrid searchunified ui operformance scaling deployment improvementssearch scaling capabilitiessite collection enhancementdeterministic view threshold – removing limitdurable links large files supportdeployment improvementsminrolezero downtime patching notable changes sharepoint sourcesmodern sites page layoutscommunication siteslarge file support character restrictions filefolder names see also enterprise portallist collaborative softwarelist content management systems references external links official website sharepoint roadmap
State Security Service (Nigeria)	agency presidency federal republic nigeria reports activities office nsa.its main responsibilities within country include counterintelligence internal security counterterrorism surveillance well investigating types serious crimes state.also charged protection senior government officials particularly president vice president state governors visiting heads states governments respective families.headquartered abuja.according presidential proclamation sss operates department within ministry defence control national security adviser.directors general sss origins fulfilling one promises made first national address president ibrahim babangida june issued decree number dissolving national security organization nso restructuring nigerias security services three separate entities office coordinator national security.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	state security service sss made responsible domestic intelligence director general ismaila gwarzo deputy director lt. col. a.k.togun.national intelligence agency nia handled external intelligence counterintelligence.defence intelligence agency dia responsible militaryrelated intelligence outside inside nigeria.the first headquarters agency located awolowo road ikoyi lagos site currently houses economic financial crimes commission efcc.sss headquarters finally moved abuja regime general sani abacha headquarters complex informally known yellow house located northern edge threearms zone aso drive maitama abuja.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	mandate mission sss protect defend federal republic nigeria domestic threats uphold enforce criminal laws nigeria provide leadership criminal justice services federal state lawenforcement organs.sss also charged protection president vice president senate president speaker house representatives state governors immediate families high ranking government officials former presidents spouses certain notable candidates offices president vice president governors visiting foreign heads state government.sss constantly adapted various roles necessitated evolving security threats nigeria including counterterrorism counterinsurgent.successes failures fatalities sss reasonably successful performing primary internal security responsibility.agency early day credited arrest egyptian bomber omar mohammed ali rezaq trying enter nigeria nigeria–benin border.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	rezaq wanted united states leading bombing egyptair plane abu nidal group subsequently rendered united states official request received state department.in october sss intercepted large cache arms ammunition originating iran apapa port lagos spite un arms embargo iran.arms included artillery rockets shells mortars concealed thirteen containers falsely declared building materials alleged nigeria used transhipment destination gambia final destination arms.the agency also reported infiltrated number religious extremist groups country including boko haram sect.september six pakistani proselyters invited lagosbased tabliq muslim ngo arrested benue state suspicion immigration violations subsequently deported november.according wikileaks mr. kayode sss director general expressed concern regarding funding organization came wire transfers sources pakistan india malaysia.also according wikileaks another itinerant preacher arrested taraba state also deported.the sss also recorded successes combating kidnapping nigeria arrest kidnappers rescue victims.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	october agency rescued parish priest st bernards catholic church eguaholo orhionmwon local government area edo state rev.fr sylvester chukwura kidnappers hideout.kidnappers baited ransom sum subsequently ambushed sss operatives.time frame sss also arrested another kidnapper edo state known binebi sibete described notorious kidnapper killer.binebi wanted amongst things killing sss operative also burning state government patrol boat gelegele.the sss criticised allowing umar farouk abdul mutallab underpants bomber board northwest airlines flight lagos despite father previously warned security officials sons radical views america.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	defence sss said informed mr. mutallabs father sons alleged radical beliefs agency said mr. mutallabs father actually spoken officials united states embassy abuja also sought help past nigerian national security adviser.sss held american authorities share information mr. mutallab senior given former national security adviser also contacted agency hence inability act information possess.the agency also criticized heavily wake august united nations house bombing abuja.boko haram sect ties alqaeda organization islamic maghreb aqim claimed responsibility car bomb attack left people dead sect fighting boko haram insurgency started result leader killed policemen arrested.nigerian public grew even critical agency newspapers ran stories claimed agency received intelligence bombing beforehand americans.news item later turned false revealed sss actually received credible intelligence sources within boko haram impending attack abuja.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	intelligence pointed key government buildings ministries targets agency subsequently raised alert level abuja also advised diplomatic missions international organizations city take adequate security precautions staff premises.final un report incident indicted un resident security adviser abuja deputy accused negligence considering fact given adequate intelligence possible suicide attack yet failed implement suitable safeguards.men subsequently relieved positions.in early november nigerian press ran stories alleging united states government issued travel advisory nigeria.travel advisory according papers included threat bomb attacks major hotels abuja frequented expatriates.story immediately generated panic among populace accusations incompetence made security agencies sss inclusive.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	story also alleged american ambassador given statement explaining us given warning directly nigerian security agencies failed act previous intelligence shared them.end situation brought control national security adviser gen. owoye andrew azazi demanded evidence americans indeed given warning american ambassador actually said attributed press.story turned false threat hotels actually intelligence analysis possible threats made sss months earlier circulated government circles.sss failed manage information timely proper fashion led public losing confidence organisation.the agency lost number operatives line duty fatalities generally publicised cases get mention media.nigerias th anniversary celebrations abuja october car bomb killed assistant director agency mr tahir zakari biu economic financial crimes commission efcc operative trying remove abandoned vehicles roadside kilometres venue celebrations.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	movement emancipation niger delta mend claimed responsibility attack.sss able trace registration car used attack subsequently arrested suspects lagos mastermind operation mr. henry okah arrested south african authorities put trial south africa terrorism charges.april security protection officer spo working close protection detail mr. onyema ugochukwu peoples democratic party pdp governorship candidate abia state shot assassination attempt principal.bodyguard shot head hand.botched security operation nasarawa state middle belt region country arrest leader ombatse cult group many claim possesses super natural powers used maiming ethnic groups especially fulanis left scores security personnel dead including less six men sss allegedly killed using occultic powersin february sss broke terrorist cell led iranian handlers gathering intelligence future attacks american israeli targets country.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	controversy exclusive report september peoples gazette reported lengthy details exposing nepotism favourtism recruitment personnel state security service led bichi report became known sss recruitment scandal.report cited many sources including serving personnel agency gave figures agency neglected official procedures recruitment favour individuals local government area directorgeneral northern region nigeria southern region.leaders across southern middle belt regions nigeria criticised process threatened sue state security service directorgeneral it.although notorious nso dissolved new security establishment continued act arbitrarily impunity.government proscribed radical interest groups like nans academic staff union universities central body university professors lecturers.several innocent citizens subjected physical assault without government reparations.human rights remained substantially circumscribed.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	decree number remained place numerous citizens incarcerated although allowable period detention without charge reduced six months six weeks january .aid decrees restricted freedom usually promulgated retrospectively radical outspoken critics government gani fawehinmi tai solarin balarabe musa regularly detained.despite annulled decree number government several brushes media organizations.newswatch proscribed six months journalists academics civil rights activists continued harassed state security agents.government security forces frequently harass arrested detain editors reporters journals critical regime.november aoetokunbo fakeye defense correspondent news arrested.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	november jenkins alumona editor news arrested sss agents lagos television station.november onome osifowhiskey managing editor tell magazine arrested sss agents lagos driving church children.october osifowhiskey warned magazine received written death threat listed names staff members.november sss agents arrested babafemi ojudu editor newstempo.rafiu salau administration editor newstempo also arrested midnovember.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	former chairman editorial board daily guardian visiting professor journalism us university olatunji dare detained overnight passport seized upon arrival united states june .told report dss retrieve passport.interrogated june sss officials activities abroad passport returned.the sss also accused repressing political activities opposition groups.public meetings arbitrarily canceled prevented including cultural events academic conferences human rights meetings.september police sss agents broke human rights africa hra seminar students jos arrested hara director tunji abayomi others briefly detained students.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	abayomi others held days released bail.may workshop conflict management port harcourt canceled sss warned local coordinators meeting could held workers day local holiday.similar workshops elsewhere proceeded unimpeded despite holiday.weapons equipment standard issue assault rifles used sss combat operativessecurity protection officers s.p.o imi tavor tar assault rifle produced israeli military industries fn p personal protection weapon fn f assault rifle manufactured fn herstal rifles replace uzi primary assault weapon sss.operatives also use various side arms pistols number manufacturers including beretta glock browning.the agency also deployed van mounted backscatter xray screeners basix technologies detecting improvised explosive devices ied due upsurge bombing incidents arising boko haram insurgency north east nigeria.
State Security Service (Nigeria)	counter terrorism role agency also uses mobile ied jammers vip protection public spaces like stadiums mobile configuration use convoys.due disproportionately large gsm mobile phone subscriber base nigeria use cellphones principal means communication kidnappers terrorists agency develop telephone call intercept capability.imsi number catchers signal direction finders deployed intercepting tracking gsm satellite phone communications.the agency maintains fleet armoured limousines suvs used ferry president vice president visiting dignitaries.vehicles mainly suvs produced ford motor company toyota lexus also used agency.see also national intelligence agency nia – responsible foreign intelligence counterintelligence operationsdefence intelligence agency dia – responsible military intelligence.national security organization nso – precursor state security service national intelligence agency references material article derived nigeria country report human rights practices u.s. department state bureau democracy human rights labor january .external links official site state security service nigeriarsfreporters without borders summary state security service sss nigeria nia years servicenigeria national intelligence agency nia twenty tribute
FIDO2 Project	core fido consists wc web authentication webauthn standard fido client authenticator protocol ctap.fido based upon previous work done fido alliance particular universal nd factor uf authentication standard.taken together webauthn ctap specify standard authentication protocol protocol endpoints consist usercontrolled cryptographic authenticator smartphone hardware security key webauthn relying party also called fido server.web user agent i.e.web browser together webauthn client form intermediary authenticator relying party.single webauthn client device may support multiple webauthn clients.
FIDO2 Project	example laptop may support multiple clients one conforming user agent running laptop.conforming user agent implements webauthn javascript api.as name implies client authenticator protocol ctap enables conforming cryptographic authenticator interoperate webauthn client.ctap specification refers two protocol versions called ctapuf ctap.authenticator implements one protocols typically referred uf authenticator fido authenticator respectively.fido authenticator also implements ctapuf protocol backward compatible uf.
Django (web framework)	referencesmaintained django software foundation dsf independent organization established us c nonprofit.djangos primary goal ease creation complex databasedriven websites.framework emphasizes reusability pluggability components less code low coupling rapid development principle dont repeat yourself.python used throughout even settings files data models.django also provides optional administrative create read update delete interface generated dynamically introspection configured via admin models.some wellknown sites use django include instagram mozilla disqus bitbucket nextdoor clubhouse.history django created fall web programmers lawrence journalworld newspaper adrian holovaty simon willison began using python build applications.
Django (web framework)	jacob kaplanmoss hired early djangos development shortly simon willisons internship ended.released publicly bsd license july .framework named guitarist django reinhardt.adrian holovaty romani jazz guitar player big fan django reinhardt.in june announced newly formed django software foundation dsf would maintain django future.features components despite nomenclature naming callable objects generating http responses views core django framework seen mvc architecture.
Django (web framework)	consists objectrelational mapper orm mediates data models defined python classes relational database model system processing http requests web templating system view regularexpressionbased url dispatcher controller.also included core framework area lightweight standalone web server development testinga form serialization validation system translate html forms values suitable storage databasea template system utilizes concept inheritance borrowed objectoriented programminga caching framework use several cache methodssupport middleware classes intervene various stages request processing carry custom functionsan internal dispatcher system allows components application communicate events via predefined signalsan internationalization system including translations djangos components variety languagesa serialization system produce read xml andor json representations django model instancesa system extending capabilities template enginean interface pythons builtin unit test framework bundled applications main django distribution also bundles number applications contrib package includingan extensible authentication systemthe dynamic administrative interfacetools generating rss atom syndication feedsa sites framework allows one django installation run multiple websites content applicationstools generating google sitemapsbuiltin mitigation crosssite request forgery crosssite scripting sql injection password cracking typical web attacks turned defaulta framework creating gis applications extensibility djangos configuration system allows third party code plugged regular project provided follows reusable app conventions.packages available extend frameworks original behavior providing solutions issues original tool didnt tackle registration search api provision consumption cms etc.this extensibility however mitigated internal components dependencies.django philosophy implies loose coupling template filters tags assume one engine implementation auth admin bundled applications require use internal orm.none filters bundled apps mandatory run django project reusable apps tend depend encouraging developers keep using official stack order benefit fully apps ecosystem.server arrangements django run conjunction apache nginx using wsgi gunicorn cherokee using flup python module.
Django (web framework)	django also includes ability launch fastcgi server enabling use behind web server supports fastcgi lighttpd hiawatha.also possible use wsgicompliant web servers.django officially supports five database backends postgresql mysql mariadb sqlite oracle.microsoft sql server used djangomssql similarly external backends exist ibm db sql anywhere firebird.fork named djangononrel supports nosql databases mongodb google app engines datastore.django may also run conjunction jython java ee application server glassfish jboss.
Django (web framework)	case djangojython must installed order provide jdbc drivers database connectivity also provide functionality compile django .war suitable deployment.google app engine includes support django version .x.x one bundled frameworks.version history django team occasionally designate certain releases longterm support lts releases.lts releases get security data loss fixes applied guaranteed period time typically years regardless pace releases afterwards.community semiannual conference django developers users named djangocon held since september .djangocon held annually europe may june another held united states august september various cities.
Django (web framework)	djangocon took place washington d.c. september.djangocon held chicago hyatt regency hotel postconference sprints hosted digital bootcamp computer training center.djangocon us returned portland august september.djangocon us held austin tx september att executive center.djangocon us held philadelphia pa wharton school university pennsylvania july.
Django (web framework)	djangocon us held spokane wa djangocon us held san diego ca.djangocon us held san diego ca sept –.django miniconferences usually held every year part australian python conference pycon au.previously miniconferences held inhobart australia july brisbane australia august melbourne australia august andsydney australia august .django spawned user groups meetups around world notable group django girls organization began poland events countries.ports languages programmers ported djangos template engine design python languages providing decent crossplatform support.options direct ports others though inspired django retaining concepts take liberty deviate djangos designliquid rubytemplateswig perltwig php javascriptjinja pythonerlydtl erlang cmss based django framework django framework capable building complete cms however dedicated cms project built upon extend django framework.
Jakarta Enterprise Beans	list popular djangobased cmssdjango cmswagtailmezzanine see also flask web frameworkpylons projectcomparison web frameworkswebpyruby rails references bibliography list extraction current django books external links official websitefunctionally identical versions program repackaged successive new products vendor.groffoav referencesejb serverside software component encapsulates business logic application.ejb web container provides runtime environment web related software components including computer security java servlet lifecycle management transaction processing web services.ejb specification subset java ee specification.specification ejb specification originally developed ibm later adopted sun microsystems ejb ..
Jakarta Enterprise Beans	enhanced java community process jsr ejb .jsr ejb .jsr ejb .jsr ejb .jsr ejb ..the ejb specification provides standard way implement serverside also called backend business software typically found enterprise applications opposed frontend user interface software.
Jakarta Enterprise Beans	software addresses types problem solutions problems often repeatedly reimplemented programmers.jakarta enterprise beans intended handle common concerns persistence transactional integrity security standard way leaving programmers free concentrate particular parts enterprise software hand.general responsibilities ejb specification details application server provides following responsibilitiestransaction processingintegration persistence services offered jakarta persistence jpaconcurrency controleventdriven programming using jakarta messaging jms jakarta connectors jcaasynchronous method invocationjob schedulingnaming directory services via java naming directory interface jndiinterprocess communication using rmiiiop web servicessecurity jce jaasdeployment software components application serveradditionally jakarta enterprise beans specification defines roles played ejb container ejbs well deploy ejbs container.note ejb specification detail application server provides persistence task delegated jpa specification instead details business logic easily integrate persistence services offered application server.history businesses found using ejbs encapsulate business logic brought performance penalty.
Jakarta Enterprise Beans	original specification allowed remote method invocation corba optionally protocols even though large majority business applications actually require distributed computing functionality.ejb .specification addressed concern adding concept local interfaces could called directly without performance penalties applications distributed multiple servers.the ejb .specification jsr departure predecessors following new lightweight paradigm.ejb .
Jakarta Enterprise Beans	shows influence spring use plain java objects support dependency injection simplify configuration integration heterogeneous systems.ejb .along version ejb integrated mulesoftv using mulesoft certified plektonlabs ejb connector.gavin king creator hibernate participated ejb .process outspoken advocate technology.

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