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1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Fiorella Terenzi
Fiorella Terenzi is an Italian-born astrophysicist, author and recording artist who is best known for taking recordings of radio waves from far-away galaxies and turning them into music. She received her doctorate from the University of Milan but is currently based in the United States.
Described by Time magazine as "a cross between Carl Sagan and Madonna", Dr. Terenzi has studied opera and composition at Conservatory G. Verdi, Corsi Popolari Serali and taught physics and astronomy at various U.S. colleges and universities; she is currently on the full-time faculty at Florida International University in Miami. In research at the Computer Audio Research Laboratory, University | 15,400 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
of California, San Diego, she pioneered techniques to convert radio waves emanating from distant galaxies into sound, with some of the results released by Island Records on her acclaimed CD "Music from the Galaxies". The goal of her audiofication/sonification of celestial data is to investigate how sound could reflect chemical, dynamical and physical properties of celestial objects, what she calls "Acoustic Astronomy".
# Media Appearances.
Terenzi's global media appearances include television and radio features on CNN's "Future Watch", The Dennis Miller Show, Sci Fi Channel, NPR Talk of the Nation, Weekend Edition and Science Friday, Newsweek on Air, Strange universe, History Channel's "The | 15,401 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Universe" and "Ancient Aliens", and others. She has appeared and/or is referenced in numerous print media including The Wall Street Journal, People, Time, The Quest magazine, Electronic Musician magazine, Glamour magazine, Details magazine, Los Angeles Reader, and Los Angeles Daily News, as well as appearing internationally on the covers of Mondo 2000 magazine, New Frontier magazine, Atari Explorer magazine, Extropy magazine, Composer USA magazine, CD-ROM Today magazine and Eye Weekly (Toronto, Canada). She is profiled in the April, 2017 edition of Rockerilla, a monthly Italian music and cinema magazine.
# Public Speaking / Lectures.
In lectures at University of California - San Diego, Stanford, | 15,402 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
MIT, the Smithsonian Institution, the American Museum of Natural History (NY), and in performances, live and on TV, in the US, Europe, and Japan, Terenzi has combined science and art to awaken people to the wonders of the universe. She has moderated hundreds of panels on science, technology, education and public outreach from Digital Hollywood to MacWorld and chaired the "Techno 2000" symposium at Pepperdine University. Terenzi's speaking engagements embrace such topics as "Globalization of Education", "Women in Space", "The Business of Space", "Values for a New Civilization", "Art, Intelligence & Artificial Intelligence" and the most popular "Heavenly Knowledge" and "Invisible Universe".
Dr. | 15,403 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Terenzi addressed The New York Times International Luxury Conference, a two-day event bringing together over 500 business and creative leaders in Miami on December 2–3, 2014, in a talk entitled "The Collaborative Mind: Bridging Astrophysics and Aesthetics", and was interviewed on AriseTV's Arise Xchange news program in connection with her talk.
On April 2, 2017, Dr. Terenzi spoke at the University of Miami for the premiere of "Universal Language", a documentary film exploring the source of music and vibrations, and their effect on the mind, body and soul, as told through the eyes of a deaf child, and she was previously interviewed for the film during its production.
On October 18, 2018, Dr. | 15,404 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Terenzi participated on a panel at the Digital Hollywood- Los Angeles event discussing "Women on the Creative Edge: Experiences in a Changing Landscape", and on October 29, 2018 she delivered a talk entitled "Star Songs: Experiencing the Unseeable" at California State University- Channel Islands, where she is also scheduled to present her multimedia musical production, "Let's Get Astrophysical" during the Spring 2019 semester. On January 23, 2019, Dr. Terenzi also spoke on "The 4 Es of STEM Education: Entertain, Educate, Enthrall and Engage" at Califiornia State University- Northridge.
On May 21, 2019, Dr. Terenzi again participated on a panel at the Digital Hollywood- Los Angeles event discussing | 15,405 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
"Women on the Creative Edge: From Film to TV to Athletes, Wellness & Technology".
# Career.
During her term as Director of New Media at the Miami Museum of Science and Space Transit Planetarium, Terenzi arranged and hosted events including "National Astronomy Day", produced Planetarium Shows including "Stars of the Seasons / Stars of the Sea", developed content for grants including a NASA grant to deliver earth/space science on-line for high schools, and spoke at events from the NSF funded "Girls in Science" program, to the Florida Planetarium Directors Association, to the international State of the World Forum in New York.
Terenzi has taught astronomy and physics at Pace University (New | 15,406 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
York), City University of New York's (Borough of Manhattan Community College and Bronx Community College), Brevard Community College, Pierce and Glendale College (Los Angeles).
Currently, she is a full-time Professor of Astronomy and Physics at Florida International University (FIU), Miami, where in 2017 she received an FIU College of Arts, Sciences & Education Award for Engagement, which recognizes outstanding faculty who have distinguished themselves in the area of engagement.
FIU's new Stocker AstroScience Center, opened in November, 2013, includes an interactive exhibit highlighting Dr. Terenzi's research on the audiofication/sonification of celestial data entitled "Acoustic Astronomy: | 15,407 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
The Sounds of the Universe".
Dr. Terenzi organized and hosted a March 2, 2018 event for FIU's College of Arts, Science & Education entitled "Physics & Ferraris", showcasing a variety of exotic Ferrari sports cars and featuring an address by renowned inventor, vehicle designer, and former Walt Disney Imagineering R&D president, Bran Ferren, whose talk explained the physics behind why various vehicles, ranging from airplanes to race cars, work.
On November 18, 2018, FIU presented Dr. Terenzi with its 2018 Torch Award for Outstanding Faculty, honoring the lasting impression she has made on the lives of the University's students and alumni.
# Discography.
- "Music from the Galaxies", Composer/Performer-Dr. | 15,408 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Fiorella Terenzi, (Island/PolyGram Records, 1991)
- "The Gate to the Mind's Eye" Soundtrack, Composers/Performers-Thomas Dolby and Dr. Fiorella Terenzi, Giant/Warnber Bros. Records, 1994)
- Billboard Top 20 Music Video "The Gate to the Mind's Eye" with Thomas Dolby
- "Beyond Life", Mercury records' dance/trance CD and video tribute to Dr. Timothy Leary, Various Artists, Polygram Records, 1996.
- "Trance Planet Vol. 5", Various Artists, Triloka Records, 2000.
- "From Here to Tranquillity Vol. 4", Various Artists, Silent Records, 1995.
- "Ixlandia", Jonn Serrie (Dr. Fiorella Terenzi - Guest Artist, Narrator), Miramar Records, 1995.
- Samples of her "Music from the Galaxies" track "Sidereal | 15,409 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Breath" appear in the track "Karmacoma", on "Protection", Massive Attack, Virgin Records, 1995.
She has collaborated with the likes of Thomas Dolby, Timothy Leary, Herbie Hancock, and Ornette Coleman, and in June, 2017, Dr. Terenzi joined electronic artist Manipulant (David Speakman) on his new album release entitled "Eclectro". The song "Doctor, I Need Your Expertise", combines Dr. Terenzi's voice describing the sounds of space against swirling keyboards and a driving beat, creating a hypnotic journey through the solar system.
# Books and publications.
Formerly represented by talent/literary agents The William Morris Agency, Terenzi is best known for her CD-ROM Invisible Universe (Voyager | 15,410 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Company), which blends astronomy and music into an entertaining and enlightening voyage through the stars, and won the SIGCAT (Special Interest Group on CD Applications and Technology) award for "Most Creative Application of Multimedia in Higher and Adult Education".
She is also known for a sexually charged book about science entitled Heavenly Knowledge (Avon Books/Harper Collins), that explores astronomy as a metaphor for human relationships and humanity's place in the Universe. The book, covered on ABC Radio, NPR Talk of The Nation, BBC Radio, and The Sci-Fi Channel, has been translated into Italian ("Musica Dalle Stelle"- Sterling Kupfer) bundled with her music CD "Galactically Yours", German | 15,411 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
("Der Kosmos ist weiblich"- Bertelsmann/Goldmann), Latvian and other languages.
Terenzi wrote the foreword for Paula Berinstein's book "Making Space Happen: Private Space Efforts and the People Behind Them" and has been featured in full chapter in Laura Woodmansee's "Women of Space: Cool Careers on the Final Frontier" and in the music and technology book "The Art of Digital Music" by Kelli Richards and David Battino. She also provided a technical review of the educational text book "The Physics of Everyday Phenomena" by Thomas Griffith, and "University Physics for the Physical and Life Sciences" by Philip Kesten and David Tauk.
# Outreach and Innovations.
Among her outreach projects, Terenzi | 15,412 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
created the acclaimed, grant-winning "BCC Space&Astronomy Lecture Series" in an effort to inspire and educate the public, including current and potential future students, about the beauty and magnificence of the universe. Each month hundreds attend this lecture series.
She has a strong interest in innovative teaching techniques. In technology-mediated instruction she developed learning modules such as: "The Business of Space" to promote cultural diversity and global awareness about space and astronomy; "Astronomy in Paintings, Frescos, and Engravings" on how art has been used to explain the Universe from stars to galaxies; "Sounds of the Universe: Acoustic Astronomy" to stimulate intellectual | 15,413 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
curiosity and individual thinking; and an "Invisible Universe" learning module to explore celestial objects in multi-wavelengths.
Dr. Terenzi's lectures are based on a unique blend of science and art, knowledge and emotion—a concept she calls "Emotional Learning," since it is based on the 4 "E"s: Entertain, Educate, Enlighten, and Enthrall. "When you are engaged on these multiple levels, learning finds an emotional home, and it is remembered forever."
Her creative and artistic bent also led her to create original collections of stellar-themed jewelry designs based on the color and symmetry of stars and galaxies, premiered for "ShopNBC" as "GemAllure" in white gold, diamonds and blue sapphires | 15,414 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
and for "QVC Japan" as "Stellare" in silver and cubic zirconia.
Dr. Terenzi premiered her unique new "Let's Get Astrophysical" multi-media show for the Miami Beach Centennial Celebration on March 23, 2015 on the oceanfront Hard Rock Rising stage in South Beach. The show featured the first and only Top-15 Stellar-Themed Pop Song Countdown, including songs from Muse, One Republic, Oasis, Incubus, Fallout Boys, Katy Perry, Hardwell and Daft Punk, combined with live DJs, musicians, dancers, and acrobats, plus a laser light show.
# Scientific Advisory.
Dr. Terenzi is the first person to be a member of both the National Academy of Recording Arts & Sciences (Grammy Awards) and the American Astronomical | 15,415 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
Society. She has been an Apple Computer AppleMaster since 1994, and she is Vice-President and Miami-Dade Social Chair of the Ferrari Club of America – Florida Region.
She is an "Adviser and Scientific Consultant" to the Italian Academy of food for the "Italian Food in Space" effort, enabling NASA Space Shuttle mission STS-120 (Oct. 23, 2007) to include a unique Italian menu consumed and shared among the astronauts in the International Space Station on the 5th day of its mission. She worked with the ASI/ESA astronaut, Paolo Nespoli, who was a crew member on the Shuttle and the International Space Station.
Dr. Terenzi served on the Scientific Advisory Board for the Lifeboat Foundation and on | 15,416 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
the Foundation's Asteroid/Comet Impacts Board.
Ermenegildo Zegna's renowned fashion designer Stefano Pilati commissioned Dr. Terenzi to create a journey into space, using real images and her acoustic astronomy sounds in a ground-breaking video for Zegna's Fall-Winter 2014 Men's Collection. This new union of fashion and astrophysics was described by the New York Times as "Zegna's Very Big Bang", and generated extensive worldwide publicity. "No one has ever done anything like this before", said Gildo Zegna.
A new version of this video, which represents a collaboration between Terenzi, fellow astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, and Pilati, is entitled "City and Nature- Scientist Cut". It forms | 15,417 |
1215221 | Fiorella Terenzi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fiorella%20Terenzi | Fiorella Terenzi
which represents a collaboration between Terenzi, fellow astrophysicist Neil deGrasse Tyson, and Pilati, is entitled "City and Nature- Scientist Cut". It forms the framework of an innovative new 23-window display at Harrods, the luxury London department store. From October 2–19, 2014, new "Whispering Window" technology will allow Dr. Terenzi's space sounds, accompanied by Tchaikovsky, to be shared with passing pedestrians as they enjoy seeing for themselves how the seemingly disparate worlds of science and fashion complement one another.
# External links.
- Dr. Fiorella Terenzi: www.fiorella.com
- Fiorella Terenzi – RateMyProfessors.com
- Linked In:
- Twitter:
- Instagram:
- Facebook: | 15,418 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
The I Tatti Renaissance Library
The I Tatti Renaissance Library is a book series published by the Harvard University Press, which aims to present important works of Italian Renaissance Latin Literature to a modern audience by printing the original Latin text on each left-hand leaf (verso), and an English translation on the facing page (recto). The idea was initially conceived by Walter Kaiser, former professor of English and Comparative Literature at Harvard and director of the Villa I Tatti. Its goal is to be the Italian Renaissance version of the Loeb Classical Library. James Hankins, Professor of History at Harvard University, is the General Editor.
Many of the books in the series have never | 15,419 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
been translated into English before, and the series promises to increase the understanding of the Renaissance among the general public and non-specialist historians by making primary sources accessible, thus giving a window into the minds of Renaissance thinkers themselves.
The books of The I Tatti Renaissance Library have a consistent appearance: a pale blue cover, analogous to the red (Latin) or green (Greek) books in the Loeb Classical Library. They are, however, closer
in size to a standard hardcover book than to the pocket-sized books of the Loeb series. A typeface named "ITRL", based on the work of Renaissance typographer Nicolas Jenson, was specially designed for the series. The books | 15,420 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
are notable for their overall readability. Anthony Grafton said of the Latin texts: "though not full, critical editions, [they] are correct, well punctuated and readable. The English translations have an unusual clarity, elegance and precision" (see article under External links).
The series is named after the Villa I Tatti, which houses the Center for Italian Renaissance Studies of Harvard University.
# Publication history.
- "Famous Women", Giovanni Boccaccio, ed. and trans. Virginia Brown, 2001
- Paperback available in 2003
- "History of the Florentine People, Volume 1", Leonardo Bruni, ed. and trans. James Hankins, 2001
- "Volume 2" available in 2004
- "Volume 3" available in 2007, | 15,421 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
trans. James Hankins and D.J.W. Bradley
- "Platonic Theology, Volume 1", Marsilio Ficino, ed. James Hankins, trans. Michael J.B. Allen, 2001
- "Volume 2" available in 2002
- "Volume 3" available in 2003
- "Volume 4" available in 2004
- "Volume 5" available in 2005
- "Volume 6" available in 2006
- "Humanist Educational Treatises", ed. and trans. Craig W. Kallendorf, 2002
- Paperback available in 2008
- "On Discovery", Polydore Vergil, ed. and trans. Brian P. Copenhaver, 2002
- "Biographical Writings", Giannozzo Manetti, ed. and trans. Stefano U. Baldassarri and Rolf Bagemihl, 2003
- "Momus", Leon Battista Alberti, ed. Virginia Brown, ed. and trans. Sarah Knight, 2003
- "Commentaries, | 15,422 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
Volume 1", Pius II, ed. Margaret Meserve and Marcello Simonetta, 2004
- "Volume 2" available in 2007
- "Invectives", Francesco Petrarca, ed. and trans. David Marsh, 2004
- Paperback available in 2008
- "Later Travels", Cyriac of Ancona, ed. and trans. Edward W. Bodnar, 2004
- "Short Epics", Maffeo Vegio, ed. and trans. James Hankins and Michael C.J. Putnam, 2004
- "Silvae", Angelo Poliziano, ed. and trans. Charles Fantazzi, 2004
- "Humanist Comedies", ed. and trans. Gary R. Grund, 2005
- "Italy Illuminated, Volume 1", Flavio Biondo, ed. and trans. Jeffrey A. White, 2005
- "Lyric Poetry. Etna", Pietro Bembo, ed. and trans. Mary P. Chatfield, trans. Betty Radice, 2005
- "Baiae", Giovanni | 15,423 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
Gioviano Pontano, ed. and trans. Dennis G. Rodney, 2006
- "Letters, Volume 1", Angelo Poliziano, ed. and trans. Shane Butler, 2006
- "Baldo, Volume 1", Teofilo Folengo, ed. and trans. Ann E. Mullaney, 2007
- "Volume 2" available in 2008
- "Ciceronian Controversies", ed. Joann Dellaneva, trans. Brian Duvick, 2007
- "History of Venice, Volume 1", Pietro Bembo, ed. and trans. Robert W. Ulery, Jr., 2007
- "Volume 2" available in 2008
- "Volume 3" available in 2009
- "On The Donation of Constantine", Lorenzo Valla, ed. and trans. G. W. Bowersock, 2007
- Paperback available in 2008
- "Commentaries on Plato, Volume 1: Phaedrus and Ion", Marsilio Ficino, ed. and trans. Michael J. B. Allen, | 15,424 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
2008
- "Essays and Dialogues", Bartolomeo Scala, ed. and trans. Renee Neu Watkins, 2008
- "Lives of the Popes, Volume 1: Antiquity", Bartolomeo Platina, ed. and trans. Anthony F. d' Elia, 2008
- "Poems", Cristoforo Landino, ed. and trans. Mary P. Chatfield, 2008
- "Writings on Church and Reform", Nicholas of Cusa, ed. and trans. Thomas M. Izbicki, 2008
- "Christiad", Marco Girolamo Vida, ed. and trans. James Gardner, 2009
- "Latin Poetry", Jacopo Sannazaro, ed. and trans. Michael C. J. Putnam, 2009
- "Odes", Francesco Filelfo, ed. and trans. Diana Robin, 2009
- "Republics and Kingdoms Compared", Aurelio Lippo Brandolini, ed. and trans. James Hankins, 2009
- "Book on Music", Florentius | 15,425 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
De Faxolis, ed. and trans. Bonnie J. Blackburn and Leofranc Holford-Strevens, 2010
- "The Hermaphrodite", Antonio Beccadelli, ed. and trans. Holt Parker, 2010
- "Sacred Painting. Museum", Federico Borromeo, ed. and trans. Kenneth S. Rothwell, Jr., 2010
- "Genealogy of the Pagan Gods, Volume 1", Giovanni Boccaccio, ed. and trans. Jon Solomon, 2011
- "Humanist Tragedies", ed. and trans. Gary R. Grund, 2011
- "Letters to Friends", Bartolomeo Fonzio, ed. Alessandro Daneloni, trans. Martin Davies, 2011
- "Modern Poets", Lilio Gregorio Giraldi, ed. and trans. John N. Grant, 2011
# External links.
- The I Tatti Renaissance Library, at Harvard University Press.
- Villa I Tatti - The Harvard | 15,426 |
1215252 | The I Tatti Renaissance Library | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The%20I%20Tatti%20Renaissance%20Library | The I Tatti Renaissance Library
rico Borromeo, ed. and trans. Kenneth S. Rothwell, Jr., 2010
- "Genealogy of the Pagan Gods, Volume 1", Giovanni Boccaccio, ed. and trans. Jon Solomon, 2011
- "Humanist Tragedies", ed. and trans. Gary R. Grund, 2011
- "Letters to Friends", Bartolomeo Fonzio, ed. Alessandro Daneloni, trans. Martin Davies, 2011
- "Modern Poets", Lilio Gregorio Giraldi, ed. and trans. John N. Grant, 2011
# External links.
- The I Tatti Renaissance Library, at Harvard University Press.
- Villa I Tatti - The Harvard University Center for Renaissance Studies
- "Rediscovering a Lost Continent", by Anthony Grafton in "The New York Review of Books", October 5th, 2006. Review and survey of books in the series. | 15,427 |
1215254 | William Mariner (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Mariner%20(VC) | William Mariner (VC)
William Mariner (VC)
William Mariner (29 May 1882 – 1 July 1916) was an English recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
# Details.
Mariner, the son of Mrs A. Wignall was 32 years old, and a private in the 2nd Battalion, The King's Royal Rifle Corps, British Army during the First World War when the following deed took place for which he was awarded the VC.
The citation for the award, published in the London Gazette on 23 June 1915, read:
# Death.
William Mariner was killed on the evening of 30 June 1916 or the early morning of 1 July 1916 during a large scale raid | 15,428 |
1215254 | William Mariner (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Mariner%20(VC) | William Mariner (VC)
a large scale raid in the Railroad Triangle, south of Loos. This raid was a diversionary attack on the eve of the Somme offensive. His death was witnessed by Giles E. M. Eyre and others who wrote "that Mariner seemed to lose control during a heavy bombardment, ran down an enemy trench and was last seen bayoneting a German as a shell exploded on him, blowing him to pieces."
# References.
- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)
- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)
- VCs of the First World War - The Western Front 1915 (Peter F. Batchelor & Christopher Matson, 1999)
# External links.
- VC sold
- The Convict VC
- VC located
- Chorley Memorial
- KRRC Association | 15,429 |
1215250 | Tom Hunter (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom%20Hunter%20(VC) | Tom Hunter (VC)
Tom Hunter (VC)
Thomas Peck Hunter VC (6 October 1923 – 3 April 1945) was a British recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces.
# Background.
Thomas Hunter was born in Aldershot on 6 October 1923, one of five children of Ramsey and Mary Hunter (a former soldier and civil servant), who moved to Edinburgh shortly after his birth. Hunter attended Stenhouse Primary School and Tynecastle High School (where the poet Wilfred Owen had taught during recuperation in 1917) before becoming an apprentice stationer in Edinburgh. Hunter’s sister lives in Edinburgh and his nephew, John | 15,430 |
1215250 | Tom Hunter (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom%20Hunter%20(VC) | Tom Hunter (VC)
Swinney, is the Scottish finance secretary and Member of the Scottish Parliament.
# Military career.
At the outbreak of the war he served in the Home Guard and was called up on 8 May 1942 for military service. He enlisted as a hostilities–only (HO) marine on 23 June 1942. He was promoted LCpl on 6 October 1943 and Temporary Cpl on 25 January 1945.
## Victoria Cross.
Hunter was 21 years old, and a temporary corporal in 43 (RM) Commando during the Spring 1945 offensive in Italy during the Second World War when the following incident took place. He was awarded the VC for his actions during Operation Roast.
On 2 April 1945 at Lake Comacchio, Italy, Corporal Hunter, who was in charge of a Bren | 15,431 |
1215250 | Tom Hunter (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom%20Hunter%20(VC) | Tom Hunter (VC)
gun section, offered himself as a target to save his troop. Seizing the Bren gun, he charged alone across 200 yards of open ground under most intense fire towards a group of houses where three MG 42 machine-guns were lodged. So determined was his charge that the enemy soldiers were demoralized and six gunners surrendered. The remainder fled. Hunter cleared the house, changing magazines as he ran and continued to draw enemy fire until most of the troop had reached cover, Hunter was killed, firing accurately to the last. Danish national, Major Anders Lassen of the Special Boat Service (SBS) was also awarded a VC posthumously in the same action.
# Citation.
Cpl Thomas Hunter’s VC citation in | 15,432 |
1215250 | Tom Hunter (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom%20Hunter%20(VC) | Tom Hunter (VC)
the London Gazette of 12 June 1945 reads:
King George VI presented his VC to his parents at a private investiture on 26 September 1945 at Holyrood House. In September 1974 the medal was donated by his sister and nephew to the Royal Marines Museum in Southsea, where all 10 Royal Marines VCs are securely stored, the medal on display there being a copy.
# Legacy.
Hunter is buried at the Argenta Gap (CWGC) War Cemetery, Emilia-Romagna in plot III.G.20. The Royal Marines treasure the memory of their only Second World War Victoria Cross recipient and a number of buildings, memorials and organisations are named after him. Scotland also honours one of her heroes. Known memorials and tributes are:
- | 15,433 |
1215250 | Tom Hunter (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom%20Hunter%20(VC) | Tom Hunter (VC)
Memorials and Tributes
- Ocean Terminal, Edinburgh, Scotland – Memorial to Thomas Hunter (pictured)
- Royal Marines Museum, Eastney – Personal display in medal room and also named on 43 Commando memorial in the museum’s Memorial Garden.
- Memorial at Porto Garibaldi, Italy – unveiled April 1992.
- Memorial Ship’s Bell, CTCRM, Lympstone.
- Stenhouse Primary School, Edinburgh - Plaque
- Tynecastle High School, Edinburgh – Memorial.
- Gibraltar Building, HMNB Clyde – Display and tribute adjacent to 43 Commando’s Colours cabinet.
- House Plaque, Stenhouse – a plaque placed on one of a small development of eight houses in Stenhouse in March 1954.
- Buildings and Organisations
- Hunter Company | 15,434 |
1215250 | Tom Hunter (VC) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tom%20Hunter%20(VC) | Tom Hunter (VC)
hool, Edinburgh - Plaque
- Tynecastle High School, Edinburgh – Memorial.
- Gibraltar Building, HMNB Clyde – Display and tribute adjacent to 43 Commando’s Colours cabinet.
- House Plaque, Stenhouse – a plaque placed on one of a small development of eight houses in Stenhouse in March 1954.
- Buildings and Organisations
- Hunter Company (formerly Hunter Troop) at the Commando Training Centre Royal Marines.
- Hunter Block – Fleet Protection Group Royal Marines accommodation block at HMNB Clyde.
# Sources.
- British VCs of World War 2 (John Laffin, 1997)
- Monuments to Courage (David Harvey, 1999)
- The Register of the Victoria Cross (This England, 1997)
# External links.
- CWGC entry | 15,435 |
1215256 | Waldemar Koch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldemar%20Koch | Waldemar Koch
Waldemar Koch
Waldemar Koch (25 September 1880 – 15 May 1963) was a German liberal politician and economist.
He was born in Bad Harzburg, Duchy of Brunswick. Koch studied Economics, Philosophy and History at Berlin He received a doctorate in 1907 for a dissertation entitled "Consolidation in the German Electrical Indudstry" (""Konzentration in der dt. Elektroindustrie""). Between 1907 and 1910 he undertook an extensive study tour that included Russia, China and the United States.
He also worked from 1905 till 1907 for AEG, returning to the company to head up a London-based company for them from 1910 till 1914.
During World War I he was served in the German army. In 1918 he joined the German | 15,436 |
1215256 | Waldemar Koch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldemar%20Koch | Waldemar Koch
Democratic Party "(Deutsche Demokratische Partei)". Between the wars he worked as an economist and professor on the Technical University of Berlin.
After World War II he co-founded the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD) in the Soviet Occupied Zone (SBZ). In 1945 he was briefly the Chairman of the LDPD, but the Soviets forced him to resign after a few months. He opposed the land reform plans of the Soviet authorities and the Socialist Unity Party (SED).
Until 1948 Koch was a member of the LDPD's executive committee.
In 1949 he went to West Germany (West Berlin) and again worked as an economist professor. From 1948 to 1956 Koch was a member of the liberal FDP (Free Democratic Party).
# | 15,437 |
1215256 | Waldemar Koch | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waldemar%20Koch | Waldemar Koch
s he worked as an economist and professor on the Technical University of Berlin.
After World War II he co-founded the Liberal Democratic Party of Germany (LDPD) in the Soviet Occupied Zone (SBZ). In 1945 he was briefly the Chairman of the LDPD, but the Soviets forced him to resign after a few months. He opposed the land reform plans of the Soviet authorities and the Socialist Unity Party (SED).
Until 1948 Koch was a member of the LDPD's executive committee.
In 1949 he went to West Germany (West Berlin) and again worked as an economist professor. From 1948 to 1956 Koch was a member of the liberal FDP (Free Democratic Party).
# See also.
- Liberal Democratic Party of Germany
- Liberalism | 15,438 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
John Wood
John Wood may refer to:
# Entertainment.
- John Wood (Australian actor, 1909–1965)
- John Wood (Australian actor) (born 1946), police drama "Blue Heelers"
- John Wood (English actor) (1930–2011), Shakespearean actor
- Mrs. John Wood (1831–1915), British actor
- John Wood (artist) (1922–2012), American artist
- John Wood (poet) (born 1947), American poet and historian of photography
- John George Wood (1827–1889), British natural history writer
- John Muir Wood (1805–1892), Scottish musician, piano manufacturer, and photographer
- John Philip Wood (died 1838), Scottish antiquary and biographer
- John Wood (record producer), English record producer
- John Wood (painter) (1801–1870), | 15,439 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
English history and portrait painter, see Thomas Stothard
- John Wood, birth name of actor John Fortune
# Military.
- John M. Wood (general), United States Air Force major general
- John Augustus Wood (1818–1878), British soldier, Victoria Cross recipient
- John Shirley Wood (1888–1966), United States Army general
- John Taylor Wood (1830–1904), U.S. Navy, Confederate Navy
# Politics.
## U.S..
- John Atwood (colonial administrator) (1576–1644), also known as John Wood, Assistant Governor of the Plymouth Colony
- John Wood (congressman) (1816–1898), U.S. Representative from Pennsylvania
- John Wood (Florida politician) (born 1952), member of the Florida House of Representatives
- | 15,440 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
John Wood (governor) (1798–1880), governor of Illinois
- John F. Wood Jr. (born 1936), Maryland House of Delegates
- John J. Wood (1784–1874), U.S. Representative from New York
- John M. Wood (1813–1864), U.S. Representative from Maine
- John Stephens Wood (1885–1968), chairman of the House Un-American Activities Committee
- John Travers Wood (1878–1954), U.S. Representative from Idaho
- John William Wood Sr. (1855–1928), North Carolina State Representative
## U.K..
- John Wood (Ipswich MP), English Member of Parliament Ipswich in 1420
- John Wood (died 1458), English Member of Parliament for Worcester and Worcestershire
- John Wood (speaker) (died 1484), English MP and Speaker of | 15,441 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
the House of Commons
- John Wood (Scottish courtier) (died 1570), Secretary to Regent Moray
- John Wood (Isle of Man governor), Governor of the Isle of Man, 1761–1777
- John Wood (died 1856) (1788–1856), British Member of Parliament for Preston
- John Wood (civil servant) (1790–1856), British civil servant
- Sir John Wood, 1st Baronet (1857–1951), British Member of Parliament
- John Graeme Wood (1933–2007), British Peoples Party
## Elsewhere.
- John Wood (Australian politician) (1829–1914), Victorian and Tasmanian Legislative Assemblies
- John Fisher Wood (1852–1899), Canadian Member of Parliament from Ontario
- John Wood (diplomat) (born 1944), New Zealand diplomat
- John Barrett | 15,442 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
Wood, Canadian politician in the province of Alberta in Alberta general election, 1948
# Science.
- John Wood (surgeon) (1825–1891), British surgeon at King's College Hospital
- John Henry Wood (1841–1914), English entomologist
- John L. Wood (born 1964), American chemist
- John Medley Wood (1827–1915), South African botanist
- John Nicholas Wood, British neurobiologist
- John Turtle Wood (1821–1890), British architect, engineer, and archaeologist
# Sports.
## Football.
- John Wood (footballer, born 1880) (1880–1916), English footballer
- John Wood (footballer, born 1884) (1884–1959), English footballer
- John Wood (footballer, born 1948), English footballer
- John Wood (Scottish | 15,443 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
footballer) (1894–1971), Scottish forward
- Jackie Wood (1919–1993), real name Edward John Wood, footballer
- John Wood (American football) (born 1951), American football player
## Other sports.
- John Wood (Surrey cricketer, born 1744) (1744–1793), English cricketer
- John Wood (Kent cricketer, born 1745) (1745–1816), English cricketer
- John Wood (Australian cricketer) (1865–1928), Australian cricketer
- John Wood (cricketer, born 1970), English cricketer
- John Wood (baseball) (1872–1929), baseball player
- John Wood (canoeist) (1950–2013), Canadian Olympic flatwater canoer
- John Wood (racing driver) (born 1952), CART driver
- John Wood (rugby league) (born 1956), Great Britain, | 15,444 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
and Leigh
- Jon Wood (born 1981), NASCAR driver
# Other.
- John Wood, the Elder (1704–1754), English architect
- John Wood, the Younger (1728–1782) architect
- John Wood (explorer) (1812–1871), Scottish explorer of central Asia
- John Wood (millowner) (1758–?), created the Howard Town Mills complex in Glossop, England
- John Wood (professor) (died 1822), educator, political writer, and cartographer
- J. A. Wood (1837–1910), American architect
- John B. Wood (1827–1884), American journalist
- John C. Wood (born 1949), British mathematician
- John Cunningham Wood (born 1952), Australian economist
- John H. Wood Jr. (1916–1979), U.S. federal judge
- John Wood (activist) (born 1964), | 15,445 |
750138 | John Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Wood | John Wood
(1758–?), created the Howard Town Mills complex in Glossop, England
- John Wood (professor) (died 1822), educator, political writer, and cartographer
- J. A. Wood (1837–1910), American architect
- John B. Wood (1827–1884), American journalist
- John C. Wood (born 1949), British mathematician
- John Cunningham Wood (born 1952), Australian economist
- John H. Wood Jr. (1916–1979), U.S. federal judge
- John Wood (activist) (born 1964), founder and chairman of Room to Read
- John Wood (design theorist) (born 1945), English design theorist
# See also.
- Jonathan Wood (born 1982), Australian actor
- Jonathan Wood (hedge fund manager), founder of SRM Global
- John Woods (disambiguation) | 15,446 |
1215258 | Rhona Cameron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhona%20Cameron | Rhona Cameron
Rhona Cameron
Rhona Cameron (born 27 September 1965) is a Scottish comedian. She rose to prominence via the stand-up comedy circuit, and was a regular on British television in the 1990s.
# Television career.
In 1992, she won "So You Think You're Funny".
She presented the ITV game show "Russian Roulette" and the BBC Two show "Gaytime TV". Cameron co-wrote "Rhona" with her former partner Linda Gibson. "Rhona" was a sitcom which starred Cameron as Rhona Campbell, a lesbian Scot living alone in London, who has problems similar to those of her straight friends. Only one six episode series was made, broadcast in July and August 2000 on BBC2.
Cameron was a participant in the first series of "I'm | 15,447 |
1215258 | Rhona Cameron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhona%20Cameron | Rhona Cameron
a Celebrity...Get Me Out of Here!". She was responsible for one of the highlights of the show, when the tensions in the camp became unbearable for her, she ranted:
In June 2009, she appeared on "Celebrity Wife Swap" with her partner, Suran Dickson.
# Writing.
She is the author of "Nineteen Seventy-Nine: A Big Year in a Small Town", a book about growing up as a lesbian in the small fishing town of Musselburgh, East Lothian, Scotland, detailing about her teenage years and father's illness.
Her debut novel "The Naked Drinking Club" was published by Ebury Press in 2007.
# Other performances.
Rhona appeared as the first female Narrator in some performances of The Rocky Horror Show UK tour 2003. | 15,448 |
1215258 | Rhona Cameron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhona%20Cameron | Rhona Cameron
She has also appeared on Lily Savage's Blankety Blank.
# Personal life.
Cameron was born in Dundee and is adopted; her birth mother (whose name Cameron keeps secret) was from North Shields and her biological father is shown as "unknown" on the adoption records. In 2006, on a Channel 4 programme "In Your Dreams", she spoke of her upbringing in Edinburgh's Grindlay Street and of moving with her family to Musselburgh at the age of seven. She attended Musselburgh Grammar School.
Cameron previously had relationships with comedian Sue Perkins and with writer Linda Gibson.
# Activism.
Cameron is a Patron of both LGBT Youth Scotland and Pride London (the UK's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual and | 15,449 |
1215258 | Rhona Cameron | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rhona%20Cameron | Rhona Cameron
on the adoption records. In 2006, on a Channel 4 programme "In Your Dreams", she spoke of her upbringing in Edinburgh's Grindlay Street and of moving with her family to Musselburgh at the age of seven. She attended Musselburgh Grammar School.
Cameron previously had relationships with comedian Sue Perkins and with writer Linda Gibson.
# Activism.
Cameron is a Patron of both LGBT Youth Scotland and Pride London (the UK's largest lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender Pride event). She has stated that she supports the Scottish National Party and 'the case for Independence'.
# External links.
- Rhona Cameron profile Chortle, including tour dates
- Rhona Cameron at Edinburgh Comedy Festival | 15,450 |
750104 | Rustam Minnikhanov | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rustam%20Minnikhanov | Rustam Minnikhanov
Rustam Minnikhanov
Rustam Nurgaliyevich Minnikhanov (, ; born 1 March 1957) is a Russian politician and the second and current President of Tatarstan, a federal subject of Russia.
# Early life and education.
Rustam Minnikhanov was born on March 1, 1957 in a Volga Tatar family in the New Arysh (; ) village of Rybno-Slobodsky District in the Tatar ASSR.
He graduated from Kazan Agricultural Institute in 1978 as mechanical engineer and from Correspondence Institute of Soviet Trade as a commodity expert in 1986. He is a doctor of economic sciences.
Minnikhanov is married and fathered two sons. His son Irek Minnikhanov died in the Tatarstan Airlines Flight 363 crash on November 17, 2013.
# Career.
After | 15,451 |
750104 | Rustam Minnikhanov | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rustam%20Minnikhanov | Rustam Minnikhanov
graduating from the institute in 1978, he began his career as an engineer in Sabinsky District Association of "Selkhoztekhnika". He then worked in the district as a senior engineer and chief power engineer in a state timber industry enterprise and was deputy chairman of District Consumer Society Board.
In 1985–1993 he worked in Arsky District as chairman of the District Consumer Society Board, Chairman of the Executive Committee of People's Deputies District Council, First Deputy Head of District Administration.
In 1993 he was appointed head of Vysokogorsky District administration and in November 1996 he was appointed minister of finance of the Republic of Tatarstan. From July 10, 1998 until | 15,452 |
750104 | Rustam Minnikhanov | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rustam%20Minnikhanov | Rustam Minnikhanov
March 25, 2010 he was prime minister of the Republic of Tatarstan. During his tenure as republican prime minister, Minnikhanov continued to be involved in industry, serving as chairman of the board of directors of the oil company Tatneft from 2005 to 2006. As prime minister, he was known for his enthusiasm for technological innovation, spearheading the republic's move to digital, paperless government and the streamlining of official business through the use of electronically distributed documents and electronic signing of official documents.
On January 27, 2010, Russian President Dmitry Medvedev nominated Rustam Minnikhanov to be the new president of Tatarstan and on March 25, 2010, Rustam | 15,453 |
750104 | Rustam Minnikhanov | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rustam%20Minnikhanov | Rustam Minnikhanov
Minnikhanov formally assumed the office of President.
During the 2014 Crimean crisis, Minnikhanov acted as a mediator between the Kremlin government and the Crimean Tatar community over concerns raised amongst Crimean Tatars over potential persecution by Russia should it annex the peninsula.
# Motorsports.
Minnikhanov is a keen motorsports enthusiast and was a regular competitor in the FIA European Championship for Rallycross Drivers, in 2007 driving a Citroën C4 T16 4x4 with 550+bhp that was built and raced in 2006 by 14-time European Rallycross champion Kenneth Hansen of Sweden. For the 2008 and 2009 ERX series Hansen's team built a brand new C4 for Minnikhanov. In 2002, 2003, 2004 and | 15,454 |
750104 | Rustam Minnikhanov | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rustam%20Minnikhanov | Rustam Minnikhanov
innikhanov won the truck category of the UAE Desert Challenge (a Rally Raid competition) in the United Arab Emirates with his Kamaz 4911 and in 2004 as well as 2005 he finished 3rd overall in the FIA European Championship for Autocross Drivers with a four-wheel-driven Ford Puma.
# Honours and awards.
- Order of Merit for the Fatherland 4th class
- Order of Friendship
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 300th Anniversary of Saint Petersburg"
- Medal "In Commemoration of the 1000th Anniversary of Kazan"
- Medal "For Distinction in Eliminating the Effects of Emergency Situations" (EMERCOM)
- Order "For Merit to the Republic of Tatarstan"
# Links.
- The inauguration ceremony of Minnikhanov | 15,455 |
750146 | Renato Corsetti | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Renato%20Corsetti | Renato Corsetti
Renato Corsetti
Renato Corsetti (born 29 March 1941) is an Italian Esperantist who served as President of the Universal Esperanto Association between 2001 and 2007. Born in Rome, Corsetti is a staunch defender of the idea that the people of the world should be able to communicate in a neutral and easy international language. He teaches psycholinguistics at the Sapienza University of Rome. He also is an associate professor at the International Academy of Sciences San Marino.
He is married to Anna Löwenstein. The couple lived together in Italy from 1981, but since 2015 they have been living in the UK.
# External links.
- His page at La Sapienza | 15,456 |
750105 | Arsk | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arsk | Arsk
Arsk
Arsk (; , "Arça") is a town and the administrative center of Arsky District in the Tatarstan, Russia, located on the Kazanka River, from the republic's capital of Kazan. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 18,114.
# Etymology.
The Tatar name of the town () can be translated as "Udmurt's" or "Udmurtian".
# History.
It was founded at the end of the 14th century by Volga Bulgarians. It was the seat of Archa Darugha (a type of subdivision) during the Khanate of Kazan period. Even though the town was located in the area mostly populated by Tatars, the larger part of the "darugha"'s population was Udmurt. It is possible that earlier population of this area was also Finnic, who later | 15,457 |
750105 | Arsk | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arsk | Arsk
assimilated with the Tatars.
Arsk was one of the strongest forts in the khanate. In 1506, it was the site of the Battles of Arsk Field, in which Tatar forces were defeated by the Russians but later turned the tables and won one of their most significant victories in the course of the Russo-Kazan Wars.
Arsk was captured by the Russian army under Prince Vorotynsky in 1552, the same year when Kazan itself was captured. In 1606, it was rebuilt as a Russian fortress. In 1708–1796, it was the seat of Arsky Uyezd. In 1781, it was granted town status. In 1918, it was taken in an anti-Bolshevik peasant rebellion. In 1920–1930, it was the administrative center of Arsky Kanton; when the "kantons" were | 15,458 |
750105 | Arsk | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arsk | Arsk
abolished in 1930, it became the administrative center of the newly formed Arsky District. In 1938, it was demoted in status to that of an urban-type settlement. On June 27, 2008, it was granted town status again.
# Administrative and municipal status.
Within the framework of administrative divisions, Arsk serves as the administrative center of Arsky District, to which it is directly subordinated. As a municipal division, the town of Arsk, together with five rural localities, is incorporated within Arsky Municipal District as Arsk Urban Settlement.
# Economy and transportation.
There are several light and food industry enterprises in the town, as well as a brick factory and a construction | 15,459 |
750105 | Arsk | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Arsk | Arsk
ith five rural localities, is incorporated within Arsky Municipal District as Arsk Urban Settlement.
# Economy and transportation.
There are several light and food industry enterprises in the town, as well as a brick factory and a construction materials factory.
The town is a station on the Kazan–Agryz railway.
# Demographics.
Ethnically, the population is 83% Tatar and 15% Russian, with Mordvins, Mari, Chuvash, and Udmurts making up the remaining 2%.
# Namesakes.
The eastern part of Kazan, which had been situated out of the Arsk Gates of Kazan during Khanate's epoch, was called Arsk Field. Later, this name spread to the cemetery, now situated in Central Kazan.
# See also.
- Ar begs | 15,460 |
750153 | Samuel Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samuel%20Wood | Samuel Wood
Samuel Wood
Samuel or Sam Wood may refer to:
- Samuel H. Wood, CEO and scientist who cloned himself
- Samuel Peploe Wood (1827–1873), English artist
- Sam Wood (1884–1949), American film director
- Samuel Wood (Ontario politician) (1830–1913), Canadian politician
- Samuel Wood (philanthropist), a founder of the New York Institute for the Blind
- Samuel Newitt Wood (1825–1891), American populist politician from Kansas
- Samuel Wood (Lower Canada politician) (1787–1848), farmer and political figure in Lower Canada
- Sam Wood (artist), game artist
- Sam Wood (rugby league, born 1994), English rugby league player
- Sam Wood (rugby league, born 1997), English rugby league player
- Sam | 15,461 |
750153 | Samuel Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samuel%20Wood | Samuel Wood
ood (Lower Canada politician) (1787–1848), farmer and political figure in Lower Canada
- Sam Wood (artist), game artist
- Sam Wood (rugby league, born 1994), English rugby league player
- Sam Wood (rugby league, born 1997), English rugby league player
- Sam Wood (archaeologist), archaeologist and TV presenter
- Sam Wood (cricketer) (born 1993), English cricketer
- Sam Wood (footballer) (born 1986), English footballer
# See also.
- S. A. M. Wood (1823–1891), Confederate Civil War General
- Samuel Woods (disambiguation)
- Sir Samuel Hill-Wood (1872–1949), English cotton magnate, cricketer and politician
- Sam Taylor-Wood (born 1967), English filmmaker, photographer and visual artist | 15,462 |
750152 | Languages of the Balkans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages%20of%20the%20Balkans | Languages of the Balkans
Languages of the Balkans
This is a list of languages spoken in regions ruled by Balkan countries. With the exception of several Turkic languages, all of them belong to the Indo-European family. A subset of these languages is notable for forming a well-studied "sprachbund", a group of languages that have developed some striking structural similarities over time.
# Indo-European languages.
## Albanian.
- Arvanitika
- Northwestern Arvanitika
- Southcentral Arvanitika
- Thracean Arvanitika
- Gheg
- Standard Albanian
- Tosk
## Hellenic languages.
- Cappadocian Greek
- Pontic Greek
- Standard Greek
- Tsakonian
## Indo-Aryan languages.
- Romani
## Slavic languages.
### Eastern South | 15,463 |
750152 | Languages of the Balkans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages%20of%20the%20Balkans | Languages of the Balkans
Slavic.
- Bulgarian
- Macedonian
### Transitional dialects.
- Transitional Bulgarian dialects
- Transitional Serbo-Croatian dialects (Našinski/Torlakian)
### Western South Slavic.
- Bosnian,
- Croatian,
- Montenegrin, and
- Serbian
with a variety of dialects, main of which are:
- Chakavian dialect
- Kajkavian dialect
- Shtokavian dialect
and
- Slovenian
## Romance languages.
- Aromanian
- Istriot (in western Istria)
- Istro-Romanian (In eastern Istria)
- Italian (on the Adriatic coast)
- Ladino (in Greece, Turkey, Bosnia, Serbia, Macedonia, Bulgaria)
- Megleno-Romanian (Meglenenitic)
- Romanian
# Turkic languages.
- Crimean Tatar
- Gagauz
- Tatar
- Turkish
# Extinct | 15,464 |
750152 | Languages of the Balkans | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Languages%20of%20the%20Balkans | Languages of the Balkans
Kajkavian dialect
- Shtokavian dialect
and
- Slovenian
## Romance languages.
- Aromanian
- Istriot (in western Istria)
- Istro-Romanian (In eastern Istria)
- Italian (on the Adriatic coast)
- Ladino (in Greece, Turkey, Bosnia, Serbia, Macedonia, Bulgaria)
- Megleno-Romanian (Meglenenitic)
- Romanian
# Turkic languages.
- Crimean Tatar
- Gagauz
- Tatar
- Turkish
# Extinct languages.
These are extinct languages that were once spoken in the Balkans
- Dacian
- Dalmatian
- Eteocretan
- Eteocypriot
- Illyrian
- Lemnian
- Liburnian
- Ancient Macedonian
- Ottoman
- Paeonian
- Pelasgian
- Phrygian
- Thracian
# See also.
- Balkan language area
- Paleo-Balkan languages | 15,465 |
750143 | John Stephens Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Stephens%20Wood | John Stephens Wood
John Stephens Wood
John Stephens Wood (February 8, 1885 – September 12, 1968) was an American attorney and politician from the state of Georgia, USA. He served as a Democrat in the United States House of Representatives, 1931–1935 and 1945–1953.
# Early life, education and career.
Wood was born on a farm near Ball Ground, Cherokee County, Georgia, February 8, 1885. He attended the public schools and graduated from North Georgia Agricultural College in Dahlonega. He earned his law degree from Mercer University in Macon in 1910. He was admitted to the bar the same year and commenced the practice of law in Jasper County, Georgia.
# Career.
In 1915, Wood turned up at the scene of the lynching | 15,466 |
750143 | John Stephens Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Stephens%20Wood | John Stephens Wood
of Leo Frank, Jewish factory owner in Atlanta, with Judge Newt Morris on the morning after the murder. He drove the vehicle in which Frank's body was conveyed to the undertaker. Whether he had any prior knowledge of or involvement with the lynching is open to dispute, as he and Morris may have been simply trying to ensure Frank's body had a decent burial.
Entering politics, Wood was a member of the Georgia House of Representatives in 1917; served as Solicitor General of the Blue Ridge Judicial Circuit, 1921–1925. He was elected as a Superior Court Judge, Blue Ridge Judicial Circuit, 1925–1931.
In 1931, Wood was elected as a Democrat from Georgia's 9th congressional district to the 72nd United | 15,467 |
750143 | John Stephens Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Stephens%20Wood | John Stephens Wood
States Congress and was reelected to the 73rd Congress (March 4, 1931 – January 3, 1935). He was unsuccessful in seeking renomination in 1934 and resumed the practice of law.
Ten years later, in 1944, Wood was elected to the 79th United States Congress serving until the 82nd Congress (January 3, 1945 – January 3, 1953). As chairman of the House Un-American Activities Committee, he had a prominent role in investigating the American Communist Party and the entertainment industry; the committee charged 10 persons with contempt of Congress for refusing to testify, and their careers and reputations were severely damaged in what was called the Hollywood Blacklist.
Wood was criticized for failing | 15,468 |
750143 | John Stephens Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Stephens%20Wood | John Stephens Wood
ee charged 10 persons with contempt of Congress for refusing to testify, and their careers and reputations were severely damaged in what was called the Hollywood Blacklist.
Wood was criticized for failing to investigate the Ku Klux Klan in the same period, as it was expanding in chapters in opposition to civil rights activism by African-Americans.
# Later years.
Wood did not seek reelection in 1952 and he resumed the practice of law in Canton, Georgia. Finally, failing health forced his retirement. Wood died in Marietta, Georgia, September 12, 1968, and was interred in Arlington Cemetery, Sandy Springs, Georgia.
# See also.
- List of members of the House Un-American Activities Committee | 15,469 |
750151 | Robert Coldwell Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert%20Coldwell%20Wood | Robert Coldwell Wood
Robert Coldwell Wood
Robert Coldwell Wood (September 16, 1923 – April 1, 2005) was an American political scientist, academic and government administrator, and professor of political science at MIT. From 1965 to 1969, Wood served as the Under Secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development under President Lyndon B. Johnson, and for two weeks as acting secretary of the department.
After his return to MIT, he directed the Joint Center for Urban Studies at MIT and Harvard. He also had a joint appointment as chairman of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority. He served as president of the University of Massachusetts (1970-1977), overseeing expansion of programs, including construction | 15,470 |
750151 | Robert Coldwell Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert%20Coldwell%20Wood | Robert Coldwell Wood
of a campus in south Boston.
# Early life and career.
Wood was born on September 16, 1923 in St Louis, Missouri, the son of Mary (née Bradshaw) Wood and Thomas Frank Wood. He won a scholarship to Princeton University, interrupting his studies during World War II to serve in the U.S. Army. Wood saw action during Battle of the Bulge, won a Bronze Star, and rose to the rank of sergeant.
After graduating from Princeton University, Wood earned three degrees from Harvard University: a master's in public administration, and a master's and a doctorate in government.
Wood taught political science at Massachusetts Institute of Technology from 1959 to 1965. From 1965 to 1969, Wood served as the Under | 15,471 |
750151 | Robert Coldwell Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert%20Coldwell%20Wood | Robert Coldwell Wood
Secretary of the newly created Department of Housing and Urban Development under President Lyndon B. Johnson.
In 1968, Wood was awarded the Wiener Medal for Cybernetics from the American Society for Cybernetics. Following the resignation of Robert C. Weaver as Secretary of HUD, Wood served briefly in the position for two weeks before George Romney took office.
Wood returned to MIT, where he directed the Joint Center for Urban Studies at MIT and Harvard. At the same time, he was appointed as head of the Massachusetts Bay Transportation Authority (MBTA).
From 1970 to 1977 he served as president of the University of Massachusetts. During these years, Wood led the expansion of the university, | 15,472 |
750151 | Robert Coldwell Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert%20Coldwell%20Wood | Robert Coldwell Wood
to include UMass Medical Center in Worcester and its Boston campus. He also played a key role in bringing the John F. Kennedy Library and Museum to its site at Columbia Point, next to UMass-Boston. He also taught at Wesleyan University.
# Personal life.
Wood married the former Margaret Byers, on March 22, 1952. They had three children, including the actor Frank Wood and the Governor of New Hampshire and U.S. Senator Maggie Hassan. Wood died from stomach cancer at his home in Boston, Massachusetts, on April 1, 2005.
# Publications.
Wood's best-known books are:
- 1958. "Suburbia: Its People and Their Politics"
- 1959. "Metropolis against Itself."
- 1961. "1400 Governments; The Political | 15,473 |
750151 | Robert Coldwell Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Robert%20Coldwell%20Wood | Robert Coldwell Wood
1, 2005.
# Publications.
Wood's best-known books are:
- 1958. "Suburbia: Its People and Their Politics"
- 1959. "Metropolis against Itself."
- 1961. "1400 Governments; The Political Economy of the New York Metropolitan Region". With Vladimir V. Almendinger.
- 1972. "The Necessary Majority: Middle America and the Urban Crisis"
- 1993. "Whatever Possessed the President? Academic Experts and Presidential Policy, 1960-88".
- 1995. "Turnabout Time: Public Higher Education in the Commonwealth". With Richard A. Hogarty and Aundrea E. Kelley.
# External links.
- Professor, HUD chief Robert Wood dies. MIT April 6, 2005.
- An Inventory of His Personal Papers In the John F. Kennedy Library. | 15,474 |
750168 | Josef Abel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Josef%20Abel | Josef Abel
Josef Abel
Josef Abel (22 August 1768 – 4 October 1818) was an Austrian historical painter and etcher.
# Biography.
Abel was born in Aschach an der Donau, Upper Austria. He visited the Academy in Vienna, which was at the time directed by Friedrich Heinrich Füger, and was one of his best scholars. Abel developed an interest for the ancient world, reflecting a popular direction in the art of the beginning of the 19th century in Germany and France. During the years 1801–1807, he studied in Italy, then returned to Vienna, where he became a member of the Academy on 8 February 1815 and remained till his death in 1818.
Among his famous works are paintings and etchings of Klopstock in Elysium, Orestes | 15,475 |
750168 | Josef Abel | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Josef%20Abel | Josef Abel
–1807, he studied in Italy, then returned to Vienna, where he became a member of the Academy on 8 February 1815 and remained till his death in 1818.
Among his famous works are paintings and etchings of Klopstock in Elysium, Orestes and Electra, Socrates and Theramenes as well as Emperor Francis I of Austria. He also painted the figural part of the front curtain of the old Burgtheater under directions of Füger.
For some time it is discussed, that his portrait of a young man with glasses is a portrayal of the young Franz Schubert.
# See also.
- List of Austrian artists and architects
# Sources.
- "Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie" - at Wikisource
# External links.
- Josef Abel, on Artnet | 15,476 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
James Frederick Wood
James Frederick Bryan Wood (April 27, 1813 – June 20, 1883) was an American prelate of the Roman Catholic Church. He was the fifth Bishop and first Archbishop of Philadelphia, serving between 1860 and his death in 1883.
# Early life.
James Wood was born in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to a Unitarian family. His parents were both from England, his father (a merchant) from Manchester and his mother from Gloucestershire; they immigrated to the United States in 1809. After attending an elementary school on Dock Street, he was sent abroad to the Crypt School at Gloucester in November 1821. He returned to Philadelphia five years later and then enrolled at a private school on | 15,477 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
Market Street. In November 1827, he and his family removed to Cincinnati, Ohio, where the young Wood became a clerk at the Branch Bank of the United States. After being advanced to individual book-keeper and discount clerk, he was made a paying and receiving teller (1833) and cashier (1836) in the Franklin Bank of Cincinnati.
## Conversion and ordination.
Wood also developed a friendship with Bishop John Baptist Purcell, who later baptized him into the Catholic Church on April 7, 1836. Deciding to enter the priesthood, he resigned as cashier at Franklin Bank in September 1837 and went to Rome for his studies the following October. After spending a few months at the Pontifical Irish College | 15,478 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
under Paul Cullen (later Paul Cardinal Cullen), he studied at the College of the Propaganda for seven years, also becoming prefect of discipline there. Wood was ordained a priest by Cardinal Giacomo Filippo Fransoni on March 25, 1844. Upon his return to the Diocese of Cincinnati in October 1844, he served as a curate at the Cathedral of St. Peter in Chains until 1854, when he became pastor of St. Patrick's Church in Cincinnati.
# Episcopal ministry.
## Coadjutor Bishop of Philadelphia.
On January 9, 1857, Wood was appointed Coadjutor Bishop of Philadelphia and Titular Bishop of "Antigonea" by Pope Pius IX. He received his episcopal consecration on the following April 26 from Archbishop Purcell, | 15,479 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
with Bishops John Neumann, C.SS.R. (later a Saint), and Richard Vincent Whelan serving as co-consecrators. After arriving in Philadelphia, he took charge of the financial affairs of the diocese and established the cathedral parish.
## Fifth Bishop of Philadelphia.
Wood later succeeded Neumann as the fifth Bishop of Philadelphia upon the latter's death on January 5, 1860. At the time of his succession, the diocese (which included the entire states of Pennsylvania and Delaware in addition to western New Jersey) included 200,000 Catholics, 137 priests, 131 parishes, 17 chapels and missions, 40 parish schools with 8,710 pupils, four colleges and four academies. The erection of the Cathedral of | 15,480 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
Sts. Peter and Paul came to a brief halt with the outbreak of the Civil War, but was later dedicated by Wood on November 20, 1864. In 1865 he purchased a large tract of land in Overbrook, on the outskirts of Philadelphia, for the new St. Charles Borromeo Seminary, the cornerstone of which was laid on April 4, 1866. The seminary was opened in September 1871 with 128 students. He was named an Assistant at the Pontifical Throne in 1862.
Wood established the Catholic Home for Destitute Orphan Girls, enlarged St. Vincent's Home and founded a convent for the Sisters of the Good Shepherd. He also introduced into the diocese the Little Sisters of the Poor, Servant Sisters of the Immaculate Heart of | 15,481 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
Mary, Sisters of the Third Order of St. Francis and Sisters of the Holy Child Jesus. He condemned such secret societies as the Freemasons and Molly Maguires.
In 1868 the Dioceses of Harrisburg, Scranton and Wilmington were established, leaving Philadelphia with 93 churches and 157 priests. Wood attended the First Vatican Council, where he supported the definition of papal infallibility, but was forced to leave early in March 1870 due to poor health. He was also named Treasurer of the Board for the Pontifical North American College.
## Metropolitan Archbishop.
On February 12, 1875, the Diocese of Philadelphia was elevated to the rank of an archdiocese, with Wood becoming its first Metropolitan | 15,482 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
Archbishop. He was invested with the pallium by Archbishop James Roosevelt Bayley on the following June 17. He traveled to Rome in 1877 to assist at the celebration of the golden jubilee of Pius IX's episcopate, but returned home after suffering from a severe attack of rheumatism. He also suffered from Bright's disease. Since the division of the diocese in 1868, Wood increased the number of churches to 127 and of chapels to 53 chapels, and founded 25 new parochial schools. By 1883, there were also 31 missions, 260 priests, 99 seminarians between St. Charles Seminary and the North American College, three colleges, 22,000 students in parochial schools, six orphanages, four hospitals, two homes | 15,483 |
750136 | James Frederick Wood | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James%20Frederick%20Wood | James Frederick Wood
e after suffering from a severe attack of rheumatism. He also suffered from Bright's disease. Since the division of the diocese in 1868, Wood increased the number of churches to 127 and of chapels to 53 chapels, and founded 25 new parochial schools. By 1883, there were also 31 missions, 260 priests, 99 seminarians between St. Charles Seminary and the North American College, three colleges, 22,000 students in parochial schools, six orphanages, four hospitals, two homes for the elderly and over 300,000 Catholics.
Wood later died in Philadelphia, aged 70. He is buried in the crypt beneath Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral. Archbishop Wood Catholic High School in Warminster is named in his honor. | 15,484 |
750160 | Kafr El Dawwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kafr%20El%20Dawwar | Kafr El Dawwar
Kafr El Dawwar
Kafr El Dawwar ( ) is a major industrial city and municipality on the Nile Delta in northern Egypt. It has a population of about 265,300 inhabitants, and comprises a number of smaller towns and villages.
# History.
Kafr El Dawwar is a city near Alexandria where the famous Battle of Kafr El Dawwar took place between the Egyptian army headed by Ahmed Orabi and the British army during the 1882 Anglo-Egyptian War. For five weeks, Orabi was able to stop British forces from advancing toward Cairo. Changing their strategy, the British forces shifted to Suez canal to reach Cairo through Tel El Kebir.
In the vicinity of the city, there are a great number of ancient cemeteries (like | 15,485 |
750160 | Kafr El Dawwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kafr%20El%20Dawwar | Kafr El Dawwar
Kom Ishu, Kom El Farag, Sidi Ghazi, Kom Defshu, Kom El Terfayeh, and Tell El Kanaies), where remains of pottery and some rocks from the Ptolemaic Era can be found.
# Industry.
The city is renowned for electricity generation as well as textile and fruit packing industries. Misr for Weaving and Spinning is the largest company in Kafr El Dawwar. Other industrial activities include paint, silk fibers and chemicals.
Agriculture is a major activity for the countryside that surrounds the industrial area.
In September 1984 protests broke out in Kafr El Dawwar over efforts by then-dictator Hosni Mubarak to raise food prices during a period of wage decreases. Thousands of demonstrators threw rocks | 15,486 |
750160 | Kafr El Dawwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kafr%20El%20Dawwar | Kafr El Dawwar
and occupied markets and roads. In response, security forces fired rubber bullets and tear gas, killing three persons at a milling plant and injuring dozens more. Rioting spread to other centers including the Misr Spinning and Weaving Company in El-Mahalla.
# Geography.
The Mahmudiyya canal () goes through Kafr El Dawwar north to Alexandria. It branches west from the Nile and is the main source of drinking water and irrigation.
## Climate.
Classified by Köppen-Geiger climate classification system as having a hot desert climate (BWh).
Its highest record temperature was recorded on May 30, 1961 and was , while its lowest record temperature was recorded on January 31, 1994 and was . It also | 15,487 |
750160 | Kafr El Dawwar | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kafr%20El%20Dawwar | Kafr El Dawwar
1961 and was , while its lowest record temperature was recorded on January 31, 1994 and was . It also gets 38 rainy days annually on average.
Rafah, Alexandria, Abu Qir, Rosetta, Baltim, Kafr El Dawwar and Mersa Matruh are the wettest places in Egypt.
# Government.
Kafr El Dawwar, like many other cities in Egypt, has a city council, which takes care of issues related to building permits and zoning.
# Notable people.
Kafr El Dawwar is the birthplace of former manager of Egypt's national football team, Hassan Shehata, where his statue is planned to be erected in the town center. It is also the birthplace of Tarek El Ashry, the former manager of Haras El Hodood football club, and actress . | 15,488 |
750180 | George Woods | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Woods | George Woods
George Woods
George Woods may refer to:
# Government and politics.
- George Austin Woods (1828–1905), British navy officer who served as premier of the Kingdom of Viti, 1872–1874
- George Lemuel Woods (1832–1890), American Oregon State and Utah Territory governor
- George Woods (British politician) (1886–1951), British Labour Co-operative politician, MP for Finsbury 1935–1945
- George E. Woods (1923–2007), American federal judge
# Sports.
- George Woods (footballer) (1884–1962), Australian footballer
- George Woods (athlete) (born 1943), American track and field athlete
# Other.
- George Woods (artist) (1898–1963), New Zealand artist
- George David Woods (1901–1982), American banker | 15,489 |
750180 | George Woods | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=George%20Woods | George Woods
the Kingdom of Viti, 1872–1874
- George Lemuel Woods (1832–1890), American Oregon State and Utah Territory governor
- George Woods (British politician) (1886–1951), British Labour Co-operative politician, MP for Finsbury 1935–1945
- George E. Woods (1923–2007), American federal judge
# Sports.
- George Woods (footballer) (1884–1962), Australian footballer
- George Woods (athlete) (born 1943), American track and field athlete
# Other.
- George Woods (artist) (1898–1963), New Zealand artist
- George David Woods (1901–1982), American banker and World Bank president
- George Woods (Pitt Chancellor), Chancellor of the University of Pittsburgh
# See also.
- George Wood (disambiguation) | 15,490 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
Clan Keith
Clan Keith is a Highland and Lowland Scottish clan, whose Chief historically held the hereditary title of Marischal, then Great Marischal, then Earl Marischal of Scotland.
# History.
## Origins of the Clan.
The placename Keith comes from a Cumbric form of the Modern Welsh "coed" ("wood").
A warrior of the Chatti tribe is said to have killed the Danish General, Camus, at the Battle of Barrie in 1010. For this valour Malcolm II of Scotland dipped three fingers into the blood of the dead and drew them down the warrior's shield. The warrior was thereafter named "Marbhachair Chamuis" which meant the "Camus Slayer". The chief of the Clan Keith has borne the same three lines on his shield | 15,491 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
ever since. It can be found as early as 1316 on the seal of Sir Robert de Keith.
King Malcolm's victory at the Battle of Carham in 1018 brought him into possession of Lothian, and the lands of Keith in Lothian were subsequently held by the Camus Slayer. It is from these lands that his progeny took their name.
A Norman adventurer named Hervey married the native heiress of "Marbhachair" and in about 1150 David I of Scotland granted her a charter for the lands of Keith. In a charter of 1176, their son was styled as "Marischal of the King of Scots". The Marischal was charged with the safety of the king's person within Parliament and was also custodian of the royal regalia.
## Wars of Scottish | 15,492 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
Independence.
In 1308, Robert the Bruce granted the royal Halforest of Aberdeenshire to his friend, Robert de Keith. Here the Marischal built his castle. His nephew was William Keith of Galston who returned Bruce's heart to Melrose Abbey after the death of the Sir James Douglas at the Battle of Teba in Andalucia. Bruce confirmed to the family the hereditary office of marischal by a charter of 1324 and Sir Robert de Keith had commanded the Scottish cavalry at the Battle of Bannockburn. The office was held upon the condition that they bore the ancient arms that they had inherited from "Marbhachair Chamuis".
Sir Robert Keith, the Marishchal, escorted the young David II of Scotland when he fled | 15,493 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
to France to escape the usurpation Edward Balliol.
## 15th century and Clan conflicts.
The Clan Keith were often at feud with the neighbouring Clan Irvine and, in 1402, the Clan Irvine are said to have attacked and defeated an invading war party of the Clan Keith in what was known as the Battle of Drumoak.
Sir William Keith the Marischal who died in 1407 married the heiress of Sir Alexander Fraser and in doing so added great estates in Buchan, Kincardine and Lothian to his existing patrimony. William's brother, John Keith, married the Cheyne heiress which brought the Keiths massive estates in Inverugie as well as Inverugie Castle, which later became the seat of the clan chiefs. Three of Sir | 15,494 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
William Keith's children married children of Robert II of Scotland, while another daughter married Sir Adam Gordon, ancestor of the Earls of Huntly.
Circa 1458, the heir of the Marischal or Great Marischal was made 1st Earl Marischal and was the only peer to be styled by his office of state.
A branch of the Clan Keith who inhabited Caithness fought at the Battle of Tannach (probably 1464) where they assisted the Clan Mackay against the Clan Gunn. They later fought another battle against the Gunns, known as the Battle of Champions (probably 1478). This battle was fought between twelve men of the Clan Gunn and twenty four men of the Clan Keith. All the Gunns, including the chief of the clan, | 15,495 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
were killed. However, Keith of Ackergill was soon after killed by the Gunns in a revenge attack.
## 16th and 17th centuries.
William Keith, 3rd Earl Marischal, along with the Earl of Glencairn invited John Knox the religious reformer back to Scotland in 1559. William Keith, 4th Earl Marischal, founded the Marischal College in Aberdeen. George Keith, 5th Earl Marischal, undertook the embassy to Denmark which resulted in the marriage of James VI of Scotland to Anne of Denmark.
After Charles II of England was crowned in 1651, William Keith, 7th Earl Marischal, was captured and imprisoned in the Tower of London. He remained there until the Restoration when the king appointed him a Privy Councillor | 15,496 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
and later Lord Privy Seal as recompense for what he and his family had suffered in the royal cause. After Charles's coronation the Scottish crown jewels had been hidden on the Keith lands and as a result Marischal's brother, John Keith, was created Knight Marischal and Earl of Kintore.
## 18th century and Jacobite Risings.
George Keith, 8th Earl Marischal, was appointed a Knight of the Most Ancient and Most Noble Order of the Thistle by James Francis Edward Stuart (the "Old Pretender"). During the Jacobite rising of 1715, the Clan Keith supported the Jacobite cause. As a result, George Keith, 10th Earl Marischal, along with his brother, James Francis Edward Keith, forfeited their lands, castles | 15,497 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
and titles. However the two Keith brothers played a part in Continental affairs during the 18th century with the earl being one of the very few Jacobite Knights of the Most Noble Order of the Garter. He also received the highest order in Prussia, the Order of the Black Eagle, while his brother was given Russia's Order of St. Andrew the Apostle the First-Called.
## Modern History.
In 1801, the Right Honourable the Lord Lyon King of Arms recognised Keith of Ravelston and Dunnotter as representer of the Marischal Keiths and his nephew was dubbed Knight Marischal in 1822 for George IV's visit to Edinburgh that year.
Algernon Hawkins Thomond Keith-Falconer, 9th Earl of Kintore and 9th Lord Keith | 15,498 |
750113 | Clan Keith | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Clan%20Keith | Clan Keith
Inverurie and Keith Hall, was flamboyant and decimated the Kintore estates. However, Sir James Ian Baird of Urie then Keith of Urie, 12th Earl of Kintore, 12th Lord Keith of Inverurie and Keith Hall, 2nd Viscount Stonehaven, 2nd Baron Stonehaven and 3rd Baronet, promoted the clan internationally and appointed a Seanchaí to preserve their history and traditions.
In 1978, the Chief of Clan Keith and the Commander of Clan Gunn signed a peace treaty at the site of the Chapel of St. Tayrs, ending the feud between the two clans which began in 1478.
# Chief.
The current Chief of Clan Keith is Sir James William Falconer Keith of Urie, 14th Earl of Kintore, 14th Lord Keith of Inverurie and Keith Hall, | 15,499 |
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