wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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750227 | Simple public-key infrastructure | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Simple%20public-key%20infrastructure | Simple public-key infrastructure
est. Another side-effect of this design element is that it is difficult to monetize SPKI/SDSI by itself. It can be a component of some other product, but there is no business case for developing SPKI/SDSI tools and services except as part of some other product.
The most prominent gener... | 15,600 |
750228 | Hubert Work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubert%20Work | Hubert Work
Hubert Work
Hubert Work (July 3, 1860December 14, 1942) was a U.S. administrator and physician. He served as the United States Postmaster General from 1922 until 1923 during the presidency of Warren G. Harding. He served as the United States Secretary of the Interior from 1923 until 1928 during the adminis... | 15,601 |
750228 | Hubert Work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubert%20Work | Hubert Work
was active in the Republican Party and served as the Colorado state chairman in 1912. In 1914, Work ran unsuccessfully in a special election for the United States Senate. He was defeated by Democrat Charles S. Thomas, later the governor of Colorado.
Work received 98,728 votes (39 percent) compared to Thoma... | 15,602 |
750228 | Hubert Work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubert%20Work | Hubert Work
National Convention in 1920 and was chairman of the Republican National Committee from 1928 to 1929.
Work served as the U.S. Assistant Postmaster General from 1921 to 1922, and as the U.S. Postmaster General from 1922 to 1923 under President Harding. He served as the U.S. Secretary of the Interior from 192... | 15,603 |
750228 | Hubert Work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Hubert%20Work | Hubert Work
signed from the Department of the Interior on July 24, 1928, and was replaced by Roy O. West. He was the first physician to serve in the U.S. Cabinet.
# Personal life.
In 1887, Work married Laura M. Arbuckle (18591924), with whom he had three children: Philip, Dorcas "Doris" Logan, and Robert Van Horn Wor... | 15,604 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
John Maynard Woodworth
John Maynard Woodworth (August 15, 1837 – March 14, 1879) was an American physician and member of the Woodworth political family. He served as the first Supervising-Surgeon General under U.S. president Ulysses S. Grant, then changed to Surgeon General of the United States ... | 15,605 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
its museum. In this capacity, he made several trips west of the Mississippi River to collect natural history specimens. He was appointed naturalist by the University of Chicago in 1859 and asked to establish a museum of natural history. Woodworth also spent time working at the Smithsonian Institu... | 15,606 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
Sherman, and on "Sherman's March to the Sea" he was in charge of the ambulance train, bringing the sick and wounded to Savannah without the loss of a single man.
After the war, Woodworth became a companion of the Pennsylvania Commandery of the Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United Sta... | 15,607 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
the first Supervising Surgeon of the Marine Hospital Service. The Service had its origins in a 1798 Act of Congress "for the relief of sick and disabled seamen." The 1798 law created a fund to be used by the Federal Government of the United States to provide medical services to merchant seamen in... | 15,608 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
this purpose. The earliest marine hospitals were located along the East Coast of the United States, with Boston being the site of the first such facility, but later they were also established along inland waterways, the Great Lakes, and the Gulf Coast and Pacific Coast.
The marine hospitals hard... | 15,609 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
only 8 of the 27 hospitals listed before the war were operational. In 1869, the United States Secretary of the Treasury commissioned an extensive study of the marine hospitals, and the resulting critical report led to the passage of reform legislation in the following year.
The 1870 reorganizati... | 15,610 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
staff, instituting examinations for applicants instead of appointing physicians on the recommendation of the local Collector of Customs. Physicians, whom Woodworth placed in uniforms, were no longer appointed to serve in a particular facility, but appointed to the general Service. In this way, Wo... | 15,611 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
Service. That same year he also served as one of the founders of the American Public Health Association.
From the time of his appointment, Woodworth envisioned broader responsibilities for the Marine Hospital Service, well beyond the care of merchant seamen. In 1873, his title was changed to Sup... | 15,612 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
of "Bulletins of the Public Health" (the forerunner of the Service's journal "Public Health Reports"). The Marine Hospital Service thus moved into public health activities under Woodworth, paving the way for its later evolution into the Public Health Service.
Woodworth also designed the seal of ... | 15,613 |
750202 | John Maynard Woodworth | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=John%20Maynard%20Woodworth | John Maynard Woodworth
ic Health Service.
Woodworth also designed the seal of the Service, which he first used on a publication that he authored in 1874 on Nomenclature of Diseases. The seal consisted of a fouled anchor, to represent the seamen cared for by the Service, and the caduceus of Mercury. The latter symbol w... | 15,614 |
750251 | Samantha Smith (tennis) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samantha%20Smith%20(tennis) | Samantha Smith (tennis)
Samantha Smith (tennis)
Samantha "Sam" Smith (born 27 November 1971) is a British former professional tennis player, who was the British ladies' No. 1 from 1996 to 1999. She now commentates on the game, predominantly for the BBC, ITV, Sky Sports, BT Sport and Eurosport, as well as in Australia ... | 15,615 |
750251 | Samantha Smith (tennis) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samantha%20Smith%20(tennis) | Samantha Smith (tennis)
and from 1995 to 2000. Her highest achievement was in reaching the fourth round at the Wimbledon Championships in 1998, when she beat Anne-Gaëlle Sidot, Mariana Díaz Oliva and former champion Conchita Martínez before losing to eventual runner up Nathalie Tauziat. In so doing she picked up an ank... | 15,616 |
750251 | Samantha Smith (tennis) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samantha%20Smith%20(tennis) | Samantha Smith (tennis)
Garros, she competed in the first round in 1991 and 1999.
At Wimbledon, she competed eight times and reached the fourth round in 1998.
At the US Open, she competed in the first round in 1998 and reached the second round in 1997.
At the 1992 Barcelona Olympics she reached the second round.
Sm... | 15,617 |
750251 | Samantha Smith (tennis) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Samantha%20Smith%20(tennis) | Samantha Smith (tennis)
d in 1991 and 1999.
At Wimbledon, she competed eight times and reached the fourth round in 1998.
At the US Open, she competed in the first round in 1998 and reached the second round in 1997.
At the 1992 Barcelona Olympics she reached the second round.
Smith won a silver medal in the mixed do... | 15,618 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
Circassian languages
Circassian , also known as Cherkess , is a subdivision of the Northwest Caucasian language family. There are two Circassian languages, defined by their literary standards, Adyghe (, also known as West Circassian), with half a million speakers, and Kabardian (, also known as Ea... | 15,619 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
Adyghe and Kabardian are typologically distinct languages. However, the local terms for these languages refer to them as dialects. The Circassian people call themselves "Адыгэ" "Adygè" (English: Adyghe) in their native language. In the southwestern part of European Russia, there is also a Federal S... | 15,620 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
"Circassian" and "Cherkess" are sometimes used in several languages as synonyms for the Northwest Caucasian languages in general or the Adyghe language in particular.
# Circassian languages.
- Adyghe language
- The Black Sea coast dialects
- Zhaney dialect
- Natukhai dialect (; Netʼx́uajebze)
... | 15,621 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
by the villagers of Kfar Kama in Israel.
- Hakuchi dialect (ХьакӀуцубзэ, Къарацхаибзэ; Hakʼuıcuıbze, Qaracxaýbze)
- The Kuban river dialects
- Bzhedug dialect (; Bɀedıǵuıbze) : Spoken by the Circassians in Republic of Adygea and Biga.
- Temirgoy (; Çʼemıguıyabze, Çʼemguibze) : Literary Adyghe. ... | 15,622 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
literary language)
- Malka
- Eastern Kabardian
- Terek
- Mozdok
- North Kabardian
- Mulka
- Zabardiqa (1925 until 1991 "Soviet Zaparika")
- Baslaney dialect (; Besłınıýbze)
# Alphabet.
- Adyghe language (also known as West Circassian, ; Çʼaxıbze, ) — The language of the west Circassian tr... | 15,623 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
letters
# Sound changes.
Sound changes between Adyghe (Temirgoy) and Kabardian:
- Adyghe a ↔ э Kabardian: "адыгабзэ ↔ aдыгэбзэ" (Adyghe); "бае ↔ бей" (rich); "аслъан ↔ аслъэн" (lion); къэплъан ↔ къаплъэн (tiger); "дунай ↔ дуней" (world); "тхьакӀумэ ↔ тхьэкӀумэ" (ear); "хьарыф ↔ хьэрф" (letter); ... | 15,624 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
(kidney); "дэжъый ↔ дэжьей" (hazelnut)
- Adyghe ц ↔ дз Kabardian: "цэ ↔ дзэ" (tooth); "цыгъо ↔ дзыгъуэ" (mouse); "пцэжъый ↔ бдзэжьей" (fish); "уцы ↔ удзы" (grass)
- Adyghe цу ↔ в Kabardian: "цу ↔ вы" (ox); "цуакъэ ↔ вакъэ" (shoe); "цунды ↔ вынд" (raven); "цунды ↔ вынд" (raven); "цуабзэ ↔ вабдзэ" ... | 15,625 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
↔ щӏыӏу" (button); "чъыӏэ ↔ щӏыӏэ" (cold); "пчэдыжьы ↔ пщэдджыжь" (morning)
- Adyghe дз ↔ з Kabardian: "хъырбыдз ↔ хъарбыз" (watermelon)
- Adyghe дж ↔ ж Kabardian: "баджэ ↔ бажэ" (fox); "лъэмыдж ↔ лъэмыж" (arch, bridge); "аджал ↔ ажал" (death); "хьаджыгъэ ↔ хьэжыгъэ" (flour); "лъэгуанджэ ↔ лъэгуа... | 15,626 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
↔ зэвы" (narrow); "ӏужъу ↔ ӏувы" (wide); "гъэжъон ↔ гъэвэн" (to boil)
- Adyghe ш ↔ щ Kabardian: "нашэ ↔ нащэ" (melon)
- Adyghe щ ↔ ш Kabardian: "щэ ↔ шэ" (milk); "щай ↔ шай" (tea); "щыгъу ↔ шыгъу" (salt); "ахъщэ ↔ ахъшэ" (fund, money); "щэбзащ ↔ шабзэ" (arrow); "щыды ↔ шыд" (donkey); "щынагъо ↔ ш... | 15,627 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
↔ пщӀы" (ten)
- Adyghe кӀ ↔ щӀ Kabardian: "кӀэ ↔ щӀэ" (new); "кӀалэ ↔ щӀалэ" (young-man); "мэгыкӀэ ↔ мэгыщӀэ" (to launder, to wash); "тӀэкӀын ↔ тӀэщӀын" (to go off on); "икӀыӀу ↔ ищӀыӀу" (above); "макӀэ ↔ мащӀэ" (few); "хьакӀэ ↔ хьэщӀэ" (guest); "ӀункӀыбзэ ↔ ӀунщӀыбз " (key)
- Adyghe шъу ↔ ф Kaba... | 15,628 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
(weather); "ӏэшӀу ↔ ӏэфӀ " (sweet); "шӀошӏын ↔ фӀэщын" (sweet)
- Adyghe ф ↔ ху Kabardian: "фыжьы ↔ хужьы" (white); "Ӏофы ↔ Ӏуэху" (work, job); "мафэ ↔ махуэ" (day); "гъэмафэ ↔ гъэмахуэ" (summer); "цӀыфы ↔ цӀыху" (person); "фабэ ↔ хуабэ" (hot); "фае ↔ хуей" (want, need); "фэд ↔ хуэд" (like); "нэфы ... | 15,629 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
"къуае ↔ кхъуей" (cheese); "къужъы ↔ кхъужь" (pear); "къухьэ ↔ кхъухь" (ship)
- Adyghe т ↔ д Kabardian: "тэ ↔ дэ" (we); "тамэ ↔ дамэ" (shoulder); "тамыгь ↔ дамыгъэ" (stamp, letter); "тыгъужъы ↔ дыгъужь" (wolf); "тыгъуас ↔ дыгъуасэ" (yesterday); "ты ↔ адэ" (father); "тыжьыны ↔ дыжьын" (silver); "та... | 15,630 |
750259 | Circassian languages | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Circassian%20languages | Circassian languages
ыи ↔ бий" (enemy); "непэ ↔ нобэ" (today); "пчъын ↔ бжын" (to count)
- Adyghe м ↔ н Kabardian: "мамун ↔ номин" (monkey)
- Adyghe н ↔ Ø Kabardian: "гъунджэ ↔ гъуджэ" (mirror)
- Adyghe -Ø ↔ -р Kabardian: "Ӏехы ↔ Ӏехыр"; "сӀехы ↔ сӀехыр"; "тӀехы ↔ тӀехыр"
- Adyghe -Ø ↔ -щ Kabardian: "тӀыгъ ↔ тӀыгъщ... | 15,631 |
750275 | Fanshawe | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fanshawe | Fanshawe
Fanshawe
Fanshawe (less commonly Fanshaw) can refer to:
# Places.
- Fanshawe, Oklahoma, a town in the United States
- Fanshawe College, a school in London, Ontario, Canada
- Fanshawe Dam in London, Ontario
- Fanshawe Lake in London, Ontario
- Fanshawe Pioneer Village in London, Ontario
# Other uses.
-... | 15,632 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
William Wallace Wotherspoon
William Wallace Wotherspoon (November 16, 1850 – October 21, 1921) was a United States Army general who served as Chief of Staff of the United States Army in 1914.
# Early life.
Wotherspoon was born in Washington, D.C., on November 16, 1850, the son of Army sur... | 15,633 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
1870 to 1873.
# Army career.
Wotherspoon was commissioned a second lieutenant and assigned to the 12th Infantry in October 1873. From 1874 to 1881, he served in the West during the Indian wars as a troop officer and quartermaster.
After a year of absence from the Army for being sick, he b... | 15,634 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
College of Agriculture and Mechanic Arts (today named the University of Rhode Island) first Professor Military Science and Tactics from 1894 to 1898.
## Spanish–American War.
In 1898, while on recruiting duty at Fort McPherson, he organized the 3rd Battalion, 12th Infantry. He served in th... | 15,635 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
later was transferred to the 19th Infantry and became the director of the U.S. Army War College from 1904 to 1906. Wotherspooon was the chief of staff of the Army of Cuban Pacification from 1906 to 1907.
Wotherspoon served as the acting president of the Army War College and chief of the Thi... | 15,636 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
to the chief of staff from 1901 to 1910 and again in 1912 to 1914. He was promoted to major general in May 1912 and served as the commander of the Department of the Gulf until that September.
## Army Chief of Staff.
Wotherspoon became the Chief of Staff of the United States Army in 1914; h... | 15,637 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
and completion of the Panama Canal and its opening to ship traffic.
# Retirement.
Wotherspoon retired upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 64 on November 16, 1914 After retiring, he was New York State Superintendent of Public Works from 1915 to 1920.
Wotherspoon died in Washingto... | 15,638 |
750252 | William Wallace Wotherspoon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William%20Wallace%20Wotherspoon | William Wallace Wotherspoon
etion of the Panama Canal and its opening to ship traffic.
# Retirement.
Wotherspoon retired upon reaching the mandatory retirement age of 64 on November 16, 1914 After retiring, he was New York State Superintendent of Public Works from 1915 to 1920.
Wotherspoon died in Washington, D.C. o... | 15,639 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
American Pie (Don McLean album)
American Pie is the second studio album by the American singer-songwriter Don McLean, released by United Artists Records on 24 October 1971. The folk/rock album reached number one on the "Billboard" 200, containing the chart-topping singles "American Pie"... | 15,640 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
commercial success and acclaim in 1970. McLean was a protégé of Pete Seeger, having played with him in the 1960s. The album "American Pie" was intended as a unified work, as McLean has said that he was influenced by the Beatles' "Sgt Pepper" album and envisioned "American Pie" to be a si... | 15,641 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
marriage was failing and the optimism and hopefulness of the 1960s was giving way to the nihilism and hedonism of the 1970s.
# Production.
The album was recorded in Studio A at The Record Plant on West 44th street in New York City. The producer, Ed Freeman, decided to use accomplished ... | 15,642 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
title track contains references to the death of Buddy Holly (McLean being a 13-year-old paper-boy at the time). The phrase "The Day the Music Died" was used by McLean on this song, and has now become an unofficial name for the tragedy.
The original United Artists Records inner sleeve fe... | 15,643 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
"Sister Fatima" is misspelled "Sister Faima"
"Babylon" is a close paraphrase of the 1st Verse of the 137th Psalm, based on the canon "By the Waters of Babylon" by Philip Hayes.
# Back-up singers.
The final chorus of "American Pie" features multi-tracked overdubs, credited in the sleev... | 15,644 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
on the "Billboard" album charts. Its appeal cut across genres, in what was becoming a fragmented music scene.
# Reissue.
The album was reissued in 1980 without the song "Sister Fatima", and again on June 27, 2003 with the track restored, along with the addition of two bonus tracks. Als... | 15,645 |
750254 | American Pie (Don McLean album) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=American%20Pie%20(Don%20McLean%20album) | American Pie (Don McLean album)
003 George Michael recorded a cover of "The Grave" as a protest against the imminent Iraq War.
# Track listing.
All songs written by Don McLean except where noted.
# Personnel.
- Don McLean – vocals, acoustic guitar, banjo
- Warren Bernhardt – piano ("Crossroads")
- Ray Colcord – e... | 15,646 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
Manfred Wörner
Manfred Hermann Wörner (24 September 1934 in Stuttgart-Bad Cannstatt – 13 August 1994 in Brussels) was a German politician and diplomat. He served as the defense minister of West Germany between 1982 and 1988. He then served as the seventh Secretary General of NATO from 1988 to 1994. His ... | 15,647 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
German army related humanitarian agencies, and who died of a tumor on 4 July 2006.
# Education.
After graduation in 1953 he studied Law at Heidelberg, Paris, and Munich. He closed his studies 1957 with the first and 1961 the second Staatsexamen. He got his Dr. jur. in 1961 writing about International l... | 15,648 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
he was appointed Federal Minister of Defence in Helmut Kohl's government. Wörner played an important role in defending NATO's decision to deploy intermediate-range ballistic missiles IRBM after arms reduction talks with the Soviet Union to reverse Soviet deployment of its SS-20 intermediate-range ballist... | 15,649 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
on disciplinary procedures against himself and eventually achieved his reinstatement. Wörner accepted political responsibility for the affair and on 18 May 1984 offered his resignation, which was however rejected by German Chancellor Helmut Kohl.
In December 1987, the sixteen members of NATO elected Wör... | 15,650 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
expand eastward after the end of the Cold War.
Wörner executed his duties as NATO Secretary General despite a severe illness and until his death from Colorectal cancer in 1994. He is buried at the cemetery of Hohenstaufen nearby Göppingen.
# Personal life.
In December 1972 Wörner married Anna-Maria Ca... | 15,651 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
in Bosnia and Kosovo
- 1997 Ewald-Heinrich von Kleist-Schmenzin, publisher and initiator of the Munich Conference on Security Policy
- 1998 Dr. Gerd Wagner (postmortem), for the implementation of the Dayton Agreement
- 1999 Dr. Janusz Onyszkiewicz, Minister of Defense of Poland
- 2000 Elizabeth Pond,... | 15,652 |
750243 | Manfred Wörner | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Manfred%20Wörner | Manfred Wörner
nator at the German State Department for the German-American Cooperation
- 2002 Javier Solana, the EU's foreign policy chief and former Secretary General of NATO
- 2003 Prof. Dr. Catherine McArdle Kelleher, U.S. Naval War College and former Head of the Aspen Institute Berlin
- 2005 Hans Koschnick
- 2... | 15,653 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
Air Medal
The Air Medal is a military decoration of the United States Armed Forces. It was created in 1942 and is awarded for single acts of heroism or meritorious achievement while participating in aerial flight.
# Criteria.
The Air Medal was established by , signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt on May 11, 194... | 15,654 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
be credited for the destruction of a ship, but only the pilot or gunner responsible would be credited for destroying an enemy aircraft.
- per 25 operational flights during which exposure to enemy fire is expected.
- per 100 operational flights during which exposure to enemy fire is not expected.
These crit... | 15,655 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
of operational missions rather than distinguished service, meritorious action, or bravery, as had been intended. On August 5, 1943, such score card awards were officially abolished by a Headquarters Army Air Forces Awards Board memorandum due to the embarrassment when airmen received the Air Medal for "score ... | 15,656 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
the missions accomplished. In Europe, the airspace was considered completely controlled by the enemy and heavy air defenses were encountered, so the criteria were altered from those of the original medal. Bomber, photographic reconnaissance, or observation crewmembers and air transport pilots received it for ... | 15,657 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
from the United States could qualify for the medal if an airman logged 200 hours of flight time.
## Air Force (1947–present).
The Air Medal may be awarded to recognize either single acts of merit or gallantry in combat or for meritorious service in a combat zone. Award of the Air Medal is primarily intended... | 15,658 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
perform a particularly noteworthy act while performing the function of a crew member but who are not on flying status. These individuals must make a discernible contribution to the operational land combat mission or to the mission of the aircraft in flight.
Examples of personnel whose combat duties require t... | 15,659 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
air transportation solely for the purpose of moving from point to point in a combat zone.
The Army may award the Air Medal for peacetime service, but approval authority is by general-grade officers at the group or brigade level or higher. The Air Force does not award the Air Medal for peacetime sustained ope... | 15,660 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
eligible for the award. These sorties are designated Combat, Combat Support, or Operational (Active Air Defense or Hostile Reconnaissance). Only the first sortie of the day counts. Armed aircraft crews require ten sorties for each award, while all others require twenty sorties.
- The United States Secretary ... | 15,661 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
devices on the Air Medal. Subsequent awards are annotated with the traditional oak leaf clusters (or OLCs). Enlisted members are also awarded three points toward promotion per award.
Each ribbon carries a maximum of 4 OLCs; the ribbon signifies the first award, a bronze OLC equals one additional award, and a... | 15,662 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
II or Korea.
The award of the medal is sometimes denoted on a member's gravestone with the abbreviation "AM" followed by an ampersand and the number of oak leaf clusters or "OLC". For example, "AM&5 OLC" means Air Medal and 5 oak leaf clusters.
## US Army.
### Air Medal [Army] (1947–1968).
The United Stat... | 15,663 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
the aircraft was directly involved in combat), 50 hours of combat support flights (Visual Reconnaissance or Resupply), or 100 hours of non-combat service flights (Administrative or VIP flights). Flight hours were calculated in 6-minute blocks.
In 1968 numerals replaced the Oak Leaf Clusters to simplify their... | 15,664 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
an equivalent "flight hours" conversion was created and an award standard was set by individual commands. This eventually was standardized in theater to one award per every 24 "flight hours" logged. A simplified set time was awarded depending on the type of mission, regardless of the actual flight time. Admin... | 15,665 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
on December 11, 2006 to an award for every six months of meritorious service instead of the number of flight hours.
### Air Medal [Army] (2006–present).
Currently (as per AR 600-8-22 [December 11, 2006]) the medal can be awarded for every six months of meritorious service. The recipient must perform flight-... | 15,666 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
or Forward Air Controller) or the combat commander of an air or land operation at the Group or Brigade level or lower. Soldiers being transported by air as passengers are not eligible for the meritorious service award, but they may be eligible for the gallantry award.
### Ribbon devices.
- Subsequent awards... | 15,667 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
may be awarded with a "V" Device for an act of heroism against an armed enemy less than the criteria for the Distinguished Flying Cross.
## US Navy/US Marine Corps.
The United States Navy and United States Marine Corps have two types of Air Medal awards: "Individual" for singular meritorious acts and "Strik... | 15,668 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
aircraft, like: delivering ordnance against the enemy, landing or evacuating personnel in an assault, or in which personnel are engaged in search and rescue operations. Strikes are combat sorties that encounter enemy opposition. Flights are combat sorties that do not encounter enemy opposition.
Officers of C... | 15,669 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
November 22, 1989, and September 27, 2006, inch bronze stars, inch gold stars, and inch silver stars denoted the number of "Individual" Air Medals. A bronze star was used to denote a first award. Gold stars were used for the second through the fifth awards, seventh through tenth awards, and so on. Silver star... | 15,670 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
(operations that did not encounter enemy opposition) added together.
## US Coast Guard.
The Commandant of the United States Coast Guard may award the Air Medal to any person in the Armed Forces of the United States who distinguishes themselves by heroic or meritorious achievement while participating in aeri... | 15,671 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
performing in conflict or combat with an armed enemy.
## Civil Air Patrol.
During World War II, the Air Medal was also awarded to members of the Civil Air Patrol who participated in the CAP's anti-submarine patrol program. This was not made public at the time, since the Federal government did not want to ad... | 15,672 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
engraving the name of the recipient.
Ribbon: The ribbon is 1 inches wide and consists of the following stripes:
- 1. inch Ultramarine Blue 67118;
- 2. ¼ inch Golden Orange 67109;
- 3. center inch Ultramarine Blue;
- 4. ¼ inch Golden Orange; and
- 5. inch Ultramarine Blue.
Components: The following are... | 15,673 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
Walker Hancock. Hancock had competed for the medal design as a civilian, but prior to the award of the competition had been inducted into the army.
# Notable recipients.
- Buzz Aldrin
- Irv Anderson
- Henry Arnold
- Russ Baker
- Kermit Beahan
- John Beal
- Chuck Bednarik (Pro Football Hall of Fame Lin... | 15,674 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
Jr.
- Robert L. Coffey, Jr.
- Bruce P. Crandall (23 awards)
- Ray Crawford
- Jacob Bruntz (With "V" Device, 2 awards)
- Jack Crichton
- Benjamin O. Davis, Jr.
- Bud Day
- Morton Deutsch
- John A. B. Dillard
- Jimmy Doolittle
- Wayne A. Downing (with Valor and numeral 9)
- Thomas Andrews Drake
- T... | 15,675 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
Johnnie Johnson (RAF officer)
- Russell Johnson
- William T. Kane
- Brian Keith
- Ben Kuroki
- Clyde Lassen
- Curtis LeMay
- John Levitow
- Nancy Harkness Love
- Jim Lovell
- Aleda E. Lutz, WWII Army Flight nurse, second most decorated woman in U.S. military history.
- George Marrett
- Barry McCaf... | 15,676 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
Olds
- Joseph R. Pitts
- Stephen Pless
- Colin Powell
- George Preddy
- Bob Price
- Chesty Puller
- Raleigh Rhodes
- Gene Roddenberry
- Cesar Rodriguez
- Andy Rooney
- Robert Rosenthal
- H. Norman Schwarzkopf
- Clarence A. Shoop
- Arthur D. Simons
- William M. Steger
- James Stewart
- Bert St... | 15,677 |
750263 | Air Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air%20Medal | Air Medal
- Bob Price
- Chesty Puller
- Raleigh Rhodes
- Gene Roddenberry
- Cesar Rodriguez
- Andy Rooney
- Robert Rosenthal
- H. Norman Schwarzkopf
- Clarence A. Shoop
- Arthur D. Simons
- William M. Steger
- James Stewart
- Bert Stiles
- James Stockdale
- Oliver Stone
- Bruce Sundlun
- Charles Sweeney... | 15,678 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Salimbeni Prize
The Salimbeni Prize ("Il Premio Salimbeni per la Storia e la Critica d'Arte") is awarded by the Fondazione Salimbeni per le Arti Figurative of San Severino Marche to honour excellence in the writing of art history on an Italian subject. The "Premio Salimbeni" was established in 1983.
#... | 15,679 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
of Miniaturist Tendency", in "A Critical and Historical Corpus of Florentine Painting", Edizioni Giunti-Barbera, Florence, 1984.
- 1987: Fabio Mariano (Editor) and Marcello Agostinelli, "Francesco di Giorgio e il Palazzo della Signoria a Jesi", edizioni Cassa di Risparmio di Jesi, Jesi 1986, with Maria... | 15,680 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Settecento", Electa Napoli Editrice.
- 1989: Giulia De Marchi, "Mostre di Quadri in San Salvatore in Lauro (1682-1725) - Stime di Collezioni Romane. Note e appunti di Giuseppe Ghezzi", Miscellanea della Società Romana di Storia Patria, XXVII, Roma, presso la Società della Biblioteca Vallicelliana, 1987... | 15,681 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Quattrocento", Cassa di Risparmio di Genova e Imperia, 1991.
- 1993: Paolo Dal Poggetto (a cura di), "Le Arti nelle Marche al tempo di Sisto V", Cassa di Risparmio di Ascoli Piceno, realizzazione Silvana Editoriale, 1992.
- 1994: Julian Kliemann, "Gesta Dipinte. La grande decorazione nelle dimore ital... | 15,682 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
a Tolentino", Pontificio Istituto di Archeologia Cristiana, Città del Vaticano.
- 1998: Brigitte Kuhn Forte, "Die Kirchen Innerhalb der Mauern Roms", Oesterreichische Akademie der Wissenshaften, with Louise Rice, "The Altars and Altarpieces of new St. Peter's. Outfitting the Basilica. 1621-1666", Cambr... | 15,683 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Press, 1999, with Oreste Ferrari, Serenita Papaldo, "Le Sculture del Seicento a Roma", Ugo Bozzi Editore, Roma, 1999, and with' Anna Ottani Cavina, "Felice Giani e la cultura di fine secolo 1758 - 1823", Electa, Milan, 1999.
- 2001: Olga Raggio and Antoine M. Wilmering "The Gubbio Studiolo and Its Cons... | 15,684 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Lippi e Piero della Francesca", Edizioni Olivares, Milan, 2004.
- 2006: Eckhard Leuschner, "Antonio Tempesta: Ein Bahnbrecher des römischen Barock und seine europäische Wirkung", Michael Imhof Verlag, Petersberg, 2005.
- 2007: Gabriele Barucca and Jennifer Montagu, "Ori e argenti. Capolavori del 700 d... | 15,685 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Hegener, "DIVI IACOBI EQVES. Selbstdarstellung im Werk des Florentiner Bildhauers Baccio Bandinelli", Munich, Deutscher Kunstverlag, 2008, with Clare Robertson, "The Invention of Annibale Carracci", Cinisello Balsamo, Silvana, 2008.
- 2011: Claudio Pizzorusso and Alessandra Giannotti, "Federico Barocci... | 15,686 |
750279 | Salimbeni Prize | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salimbeni%20Prize | Salimbeni Prize
Carracci", Cinisello Balsamo, Silvana, 2008.
- 2011: Claudio Pizzorusso and Alessandra Giannotti, "Federico Barocci 1535 - 1612. L’ incanto del colore; una lezione per due secoli", Cinisello Balsamo, Silvana, 2009.
- 2012: Victoria Avery, "Vulcan's Forge in Venus' City: The Story of Bronze in Venice, ... | 15,687 |
750258 | Norseman, Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norseman,%20Western%20Australia | Norseman, Western Australia
Norseman, Western Australia
Norseman is a town located in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia along the Coolgardie-Esperance Highway, east of Perth and above sea level. It is also the starting point of the Eyre Highway, and the last major town in Western Australia before th... | 15,688 |
750258 | Norseman, Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norseman,%20Western%20Australia | Norseman, Western Australia
about 10 km south of the town, near Dundas. The "Dundas Field" was proclaimed in August 1893 and a townsite gazetted there.
In August 1894, Lawrence Sinclair, his brother George Sinclair, and Jack Alsopp discovered a rich gold reef which Sinclair named after his horse, Hardy Norseman. The f... | 15,689 |
750258 | Norseman, Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norseman,%20Western%20Australia | Norseman, Western Australia
party of 13 by Steamship from Melbourne to Esperance to walk inland and discover the central part of the Gold Field. He later went on to develop substantial mining interests in Western Australia and Tasmania.
Norseman initially struggled to develop because of the established town of Dundas;... | 15,690 |
750258 | Norseman, Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norseman,%20Western%20Australia | Norseman, Western Australia
of the town was 418 (262 males and 156 females) in 1898.
Once it was the second-richest goldfield in Western Australia, next to the Golden Mile of Kalgoorlie. It is claimed that since 1892, over 100 tonnes of gold have been extracted from the area. The Norseman Gold Mine is Australia’s long... | 15,691 |
750258 | Norseman, Western Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Norseman,%20Western%20Australia | Norseman, Western Australia
inated by a huge tailings dump.
Norseman is located 724 km east of Perth via Great Eastern Highway and Coolgardie-Esperance Highway, and has a population of about 1,000. It contains a district high school (opened 1894), shopping facilities, accommodation (hotel, motel, caravan park), distri... | 15,692 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
Sviatoslav II of Kiev
Sviatoslav II Iaroslavich or Sviatoslav II Yaroslavich (1027 – 27 December 1077 in Kiev) was Grand Prince of Kiev between 1073 and 1077. He was born as a younger son of Grand Prince Yaroslav the Wise. His baptismal name was Nicholas.
He ruled the Principality of Vladimir in... | 15,693 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
their enemies, including the nomadic Oghuz Turks, and their distant relative, Prince Vseslav of Polotsk. The Cumans defeated their united force in the autumn of 1068, but Sviatoslav routed a Cuman band plundering his principality.
The "triumvirate" broke up, when Sviatoslav, supported by his youn... | 15,694 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
Chernigov which was completed in the Monastery of Saint Anthony in Lyubechwrites that his baptismal name was Nicholas.
The "Russian Primary Chronicle" writes that Sviatoslav was staying "at Vladimir" (Volodymyr-Volynskyi, Ukraine) in Volhynia around the time his father fell seriously ill before h... | 15,695 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
Chernigov (Chernihiv, Ukraine). The dying grand prince also ordered that his four younger sons should "heed" their eldest brother, Iziaslav who received Kiev.
# Triumvirate.
Yaroslav the Wise died on 20 February 1054. His three elder sonsIziaslav of Kiev, Sviatoslav of Chernigov, and Vsevolod of... | 15,696 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
Sudislav whom their father had sent to prison around 1035. They made a joint expedition "by horse and ship against the Torks" or Oghuz Turks, according to the "Russian Primary Chronicle", in 1060. On hearing of the arrival of the Rus' forces, the Torks fled from their lands without resistance.
In... | 15,697 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
attacked Pskov in 1065, according to "The Chronicle of Pskov". Vseslav Briacheslavich could not take this town, but he seized and plundered Novgorodwhich had been ruled by Iziaslav of Kiev's son, Mstislavin the next winter. Izyaslav, Sviatoslav and Vsevolod soon united their forces and set forth a... | 15,698 |
750220 | Sviatoslav II of Kiev | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sviatoslav%20II%20of%20Kiev | Sviatoslav II of Kiev
Pontic steppes in the early 1060s, invaded the southern regions of Kievan Rus' in 1068. The three brothers together marched against the invaders, but the Cumans routed them on the Alta River. From the battlefield, Sviatoslav withdrew to Chernigov and regrouped his troops. He returned to defeat the... | 15,699 |
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