wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
|---|---|---|---|---|
1803929 | Peter Nixon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Nixon | Peter Nixon
this portfolio under William McMahon. He is mentioned in the song Gurindji Blues, saying "Buy your land back, Gurindji" referring to his assessment of the Wattie Creek land rights strike.
In opposition from 1972 to 1975, Nixon was a prominent figure in persuading his National Party colleagues to help pass ... | 21,300 |
1803929 | Peter Nixon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Nixon | Peter Nixon
of what he saw as bias by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation against the National Party.
Following the Coalition victory in 1975, Nixon served as Minister for Transport until 1979 and then Minister for Primary Industry, both in Malcolm Fraser's government.
On the floor of parliament, Nixon was known ... | 21,301 |
1803929 | Peter Nixon | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Peter%20Nixon | Peter Nixon
ding insults with opposition members and particularly his verbal stoushes with Fred Daly.
Following his retirement from politics in 1983, Nixon returned to the business world, including spending seven years from 1984 as a commissioner of the Australian Football League (AFL). In 1996, he was chosen to chair... | 21,302 |
1803968 | Grasp (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grasp%20(disambiguation) | Grasp (disambiguation)
Grasp (disambiguation)
A grasp generally refers to an act of taking, holding or seizing firmly with (or as if with) the hand.
Grasp or GRASP may also refer to:
Software:
- Graphics Animation System for Professionals, the first multimedia animation program for the IBM PC
- GRASP (multimedia a... | 21,303 |
1803968 | Grasp (disambiguation) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Grasp%20(disambiguation) | Grasp (disambiguation)
a graphical source code editor
- General Purpose Relativistic Atomic Structure Program, developed by Ian Grant and others for relativistic atomic structure calculations
Computer science:
- Greedy randomized adaptive search procedure
- GRASP (SAT solver), an SAT instance solver
Ships:
- , a ... | 21,304 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
WinSport
WinSport's Canada Olympic Park (COP) (formerly known as Paskapoo Ski Hill) is a ski hill and multi-purpose training and competition facility located in Calgary, Alberta, Canada, and is owned and operated by WinSport. It is currently used both for high performance athletic training and for recreationa... | 21,305 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
Winter Games which were held in Calgary in 1988. It was the main venue for bobsleigh, luge (both at the now bobsleigh, luge, and skeleton track), nordic combined, ski jumping, freestyle skiing (aerials and ballet).
# Activities and Facilities.
In the winter, the park is also used for winter activities includ... | 21,306 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
Skiing and Snowboarding.
Canada Olympic Park is a popular place for people looking to go skiing or snowboarding without driving out to the mountains. The hill is divided into three sections, the downhill racing section, the casual section and the terrain park.
The terrain park is of exceptional quality, and ... | 21,307 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
also a single chair that provides access to one of the smaller ski jumps, and a double chair (which has been recently removed), that takes people from the base area to near the base of the 90 m ski jump tower.
## Snowmaking.
Canada Olympic Park relies almost exclusively on man made snow to create skiable ter... | 21,308 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
capacity the park consumes roughly 850,000 L/hr of water.
## Ski Jumping Facility.
Winsport also operates a ski jumping facility on the east side of the Canada Olympic Park campus. The facility has six jumps ranging in size from K4 to K95. Of the six jumps at Canada Olympic park three are used year-round (th... | 21,309 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
summer Canada Olympic Park is open for the sport of mountain biking. The high-speed chairlift is used with bike racks on the chairs. There are numerous trails on the hill's west side, complete with north shore ladder stunts and singletrack trails. The east trees just contain regular trails, with minimal stunts... | 21,310 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
rinks (an international ice size arena seating 3000, three NHL-size rinks (the Joan Snyder arena, and arena C & D)). The arenas have been used for curling, figure skating, power skating (for long and short track speed skating), ringette, and hockey. Also, the arena has hosted concerts, shows, and other sportin... | 21,311 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
The centre is named after its benefactors Allan Markin and Keith MacPhail. The high-performance centre was designed as a training hub for Canadian athletes who have reached a provincial level of excellence. The center includes the ice arenas, a gymnasium, medical center for treatment and recovery, and an offic... | 21,312 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
(CODA), now called the Canadian Winter Sport Institute or WinSport Canada. The cost of the project was C$50 million (about C$30 million was used to build the venue; another C$20 million for operating costs, through an endowment fund). It was opened to the general public on July 1, 2011, to coincide with the Ca... | 21,313 |
1803889 | WinSport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=WinSport | WinSport
ly 1, 2011, to coincide with the Canada Day festivities. The former "Olympic Museum and Hall of Fame" location was turned into a training site for athletes, making it (OMHoF) redundant and the CSHOF the only sports-related museum there.
# Expansion plans.
On June 11, 2012, City Hall councillors voted against... | 21,314 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
Gaspar Cassadó
Gaspar Cassadó i Moreu (5 October 1897 – 24 December 1966) was a Catalan cellist and composer of the early 20th century. He was born in Barcelona to a church musician father, Joaquim Cassadó, and began taking cello lessons at age seven. When he was nine, he played in a recital where Pablo... | 21,315 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
those of his wife, the pianist Chieko Hara, are preserved at the Tamagawa University Museum of Education.
On the invitation of his great friend Alicia de Larrocha, with whom he had a cello-piano duo (touring extensively with him from 1956-58), Gaspar Cassado played concerts and led frequent classes at A... | 21,316 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
Solo guitar works.
- Canción de Leonardo
- Catalanesca
- Dos Cantos Populares Finlandeses (Two Finnish Folk Songs)
- Leyenda Catalana
- Préambulo y Sardana
- Sardana Chigiana
### Works for cello and piano.
- Allegretto Grazioso "After Schubert"
- Archares 1954
- Danse du diable vert (Dance of t... | 21,317 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
1925
### Chamber works.
- Piano Trio in C major 1926/1929
- String Quartet No. 1 in F minor 1929
- String Quartet No. 2 in G major 1930
- String Quartet No. 3 in C minor 1933
## Transcriptions.
### Concerto transcriptions.
- Cello Concerto in F major, based on Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach's Concerto... | 21,318 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
based on Vivaldi's Cello Sonata No. 5, RV. 40
- Guitar Concerto in E major, based on Boccherini's Concerto No. 2 in D major, G. 479
### Transcriptions for solo cello.
- Johann Sebastian Bach - Cello Suite No. 4, BWV 1010
- Frédéric Chopin - Étude, Op. 25, No. 1
- George Frideric Handel - "The Harmon... | 21,319 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
bass)
- Frédéric Chopin - Minute Waltz, Op. 64, No. 1
- Constantino de Crescenzo - Prima Carezza
- Claude Debussy:
- "Clair de lune"
- "Golliwog's Cakewalk"
- "Minstrels"
- Antonín Dvořák - Sonatina in G major, Op. 100 (Indian Lament)
- Gabriel Fauré - Nocturne No. 4
- Enrique Granados - Interme... | 21,320 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
de "Don Giovanni" [Deh vieni alla finestra]
- Sonata K. 358 (from Sonata for Piano Four Hands)
- Georg Muffat - Arioso
- Ignacy Jan Paderewski - Minuet in G
- Manuel Ponce - Estrellita (Little Star)
- David Popper - Elfentanz
- Johann Strauss II - An der schonen Blauen Donau
# Further reading.
- ... | 21,321 |
1803978 | Gaspar Cassadó | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gaspar%20Cassadó | Gaspar Cassadó
[Deh vieni alla finestra]
- Sonata K. 358 (from Sonata for Piano Four Hands)
- Georg Muffat - Arioso
- Ignacy Jan Paderewski - Minuet in G
- Manuel Ponce - Estrellita (Little Star)
- David Popper - Elfentanz
- Johann Strauss II - An der schonen Blauen Donau
# Further reading.
- "Gaspar Cassadó: C... | 21,322 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
The Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney is a heritage-listed major botanical garden, event venue and public recreation area located at Farm Cove on the eastern fringe of the Sydney central business district, in the City of Sydney local government area of New South Wal... | 21,323 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the Government of New South Wales and administered by the Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust. The Botanic Garden, together with the adjacent Domain were added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
The Garden and The Domain are open every day of the year and ac... | 21,324 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
settlers on the Australian continent, at Farm Cove, was established in 1788 by Governor Phillip. Although that farm failed, the land has been in constant cultivation since that time, as ways were found to make the relatively infertile soils more productive. The Botanic Garden was founded on... | 21,325 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
of colonial botanists and superintendents, including the brothers Richard and Allan Cunningham, both also early explorers, John Carne Bidwill was appointed as the first Director in 1847. Charles Moore was possibly the most influential Director, with his responsibility spanning 48 years, fro... | 21,326 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
between 1827–8 from his Brisbane district and northern NSW travels survive, and include hoop pines ("Araucaria cunninghamii"), weeping lilly pillies ("Waterhousia floribunda"), a hoop (or Moreton Bay) pine ("Araucaria cunninghamii"), 2 swamp oaks ("Casuarina cunninghamiana") on the eastern ... | 21,327 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
1825 Governor Brisbane directed that the Garden extend west of Farm Cove Creek, for an experimental garden, to acclimatise Australian plants for export and imported plants. Between 1829 and 1838 the wine growing industry of New South Wales began in the Garden with some vines being brought o... | 21,328 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the colony, but the collection increasingly fell into neglect and was in a parlous state well before 1840, with very many vines dead and many of the remainder unidentifiable due to the loss of their labels and inadequate record keeping. In the 1830s the Lower Garden area at the head of Farm... | 21,329 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
extent of the Botanic Garden). In 1847 the fig tree avenue of Moreton Bay figs ("Ficus macrophylla") was planted, lining main public entry to gardens from Macquarie Street eastward (now the line of the Cahill Expressway).
The East India Company windmill stood in The Domain near Government ... | 21,330 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
South Wales later took forcible possession of the mill which resulted in a drawn-out lawsuit between the company and the government. During the dispute the Collector of Internal Revenue, Mr Wm. McPherson hired a manager to live in the cottages next to the mill. At this time, where the Bent-... | 21,331 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the mill taken down and removed.
In 1848 John Carne Bidwill was appointed (the first such title) Director, by Governor Fitzroy. Meantime in England horticulturist Charles Moore (1820–1905) was appointed Director by the English Government. Bidwell was succeeded the following year by Moore. ... | 21,332 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Grove at the heart of the Garden is a reminder of his skill and foresight, as is the reclaimed land behind the Farm Cove seawall which significantly expanded the area of the Garden. Moore renovated paths throughout the upper gardens, built new paths in lower garden and added were added to t... | 21,333 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Farm Cove creek, water supply for upper gardens was aided by water pipe installed from Macquarie Street.
Other work completed under Moore's extensive tenure included:
- 1850svista pavilions added in gardens, one with a thatched roof;
- 1852the Sydney-based herbarium collection started;
... | 21,334 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
in the Gardens from 1862 until 1883, when most of it was transferred to Moore Park. During these years much of the remnant natural vegetation of the surrounding Domain was removed and planted as parkland. The Moreton Bay Figs, one of the major elements of this planting, continue to dominate... | 21,335 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
of Governor's kitchen garden (Upper garden) given up as an addition to the Upper Garden;
- 1870Governor's private gates built (now Opera House gates);
- 1870sdemolished the convict barracks built in Cunningham's time, and old glasshouses in former Governor's kitchen garden to make open gr... | 21,336 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
house glasshouse built in Middle Garden; and
- 1878single storey herbarium and overseer's residence built.
The Garden Exhibition Palace was built on land between the Government House stables (now the Conservatorium of Music) and Governor Bourke's statue, an area until then used for grazin... | 21,337 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
major landmark in the city landscape. he International Exhibition held in the Palace attracted over one million visitors, displaying products of the arts and industry, museum collections from the library of the Linnean Society (botany and natural sciences), and exhibition of specimen displa... | 21,338 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
clean up of new gardens were added to the RBG "Palace Garden"). Joseph Maiden moved and displayed the remnants of the exhibition fire to a pavilion in The Domain which became the official museum, incorporating a herbarium.
In 1880 a monkey house was built as part of the zoo. The same year,... | 21,339 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
his profession in several Scottish gardens, including the Botanic Gardens in Edinburgh. Grant arrived in the colony in 1878 and worked first at "Yaralla", Concord for the Walkers for some considerable time, then at "Rosemont", Woollahra for Alexander Campbell MLC, then for Mr Tooth at the "... | 21,340 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
a single man and that only after he married Margaret Stevenson in January 1880 was he obliged to find alternative accommodation ("Willow Cottage").
Towards the end of his time as Director, Moore, together with Ernst Betche, published the "Handbook of the Flora of New South Wales", further ... | 21,341 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
a prominent, dramatic and significant sandstone cliff landscape feature on the north west boundary of the Domain facing Bennelong Point and the Sydney Opera House, cut for the extension of Macquarie Street. The Rock derives its name from the famous Tarpeian Rock on the Capitoline Hill in Ro... | 21,342 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
installed new lighting, seating, lavatories, fountains and pathways. Lighting along the sea walk and the lower garden installed, making the ring of water front of the lower gardens complete. In 1897 the Governor Phillip fountain was built near Macquarie Street/Garden palace gates. In 1899 a... | 21,343 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
building, opened in 1901 (today part of the Anderson Building), and made major improvements to The Domain. However, the Botanic Garden suffered from loss of staff positions during the World War I, and in the Great Depression of the 1930s, the position of Director was lost. Both the Herbariu... | 21,344 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
completed, designed by Government Architect George McRae. By 1916 there were of space with the Botanic Garden and The Domain. In 1926 the Spring walk was replanted.
In 1936, on the site of the former aviaries/zoo, in the eastern section of the Garden, a succulent garden was created, near t... | 21,345 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
planted 1847) and loss of 24 palm trees and 12 other trees lost. A new Garden entrance was made on Macquarie Street with pools and prostrate plants, and recycled sandstone and iron gates from the post-Garden Palace fire. This entrance leads to the Palace Gardens. The Botanic Garden and The ... | 21,346 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
to eminence. In 1968 the Herbarium was combined with the Royal Botanic Garden. From 1969 further reconstruction and planting after completion of Cahill Expressway and The Domain Parking station. Australian and New Zealand native plants were extensively used, in the plantings near the Bent S... | 21,347 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
1972–85 Dr Lawrence Johnson, Director, proposed the "thematic" planting scheme in evidence today. NSW and Queensland rainforest trees collected by Fraser, the Allan and Richard Cunningham, and Charles Moore scattered throughout the Garden were supplemented by a new section of tropical and s... | 21,348 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
bed of local native species was added near the Cunningham building in the Upper garden, and the long bed of native small trees and shrubs along the boundary of the gardens on Macquarie Street was thickened with new plantings. A collection of eucalypts on the lawns of the Lower Garden north ... | 21,349 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
educational and ecological programs; the Flora of New South Wales; the scientific journals "Telopea" and "Cunninghamia" and programs of computerised documentation of both the living and herbarium collections.
Between 1970 and 1980 the new succulent and cacti garden was built on the site of... | 21,350 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
(the in 1916 had diminished to in 1980). Also in 1980 Centennial Park, which until then had been administered by staff of the Botanic Gardens since Moore's directorship, became autonomous under its own Trust.
In 1982 the new Herbarium building was built under Director Johnson opened (named... | 21,351 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the Cunningham building, was adapted for office use by staff. The complex was opened on 6 November 1982 by then Premier Neville Wran, QC MP. The Brown building had three levels housing the herbarium collection in 55,000 specially-designed red plastic boxes, plus scientific staff offices, a ... | 21,352 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Annan on Narellan Road near Campbelltown featuring native plants, and Mount Tomah (subsequently renamed the Blue Mountains Botanic Garden on the Bells Line of Road in the northern Blue Mountains, featuring cool-climate plants. Both were formally opened in 1988 as part of Australia's Bicente... | 21,353 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
being adapted as part of the same works. The Royal Botanic Gardens celebrated its 175th anniversary in 1991. During Professor Chambers' ten years as Director, the Rose Garden (1988), the Fernery (1993), the Herb Garden (1994), and the Oriental Garden (1997) were opened and the Rare and Thre... | 21,354 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
adjoining the gardens nursery area and palm grove. A new herb garden was built in the western side of the Lower gardens below the Conservatorium. Considerable upgrade works were undertaken in the run up to the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games, including adaptation of existing buildings for new cen... | 21,355 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
About 50% of its original glazing was recycled on the south side, also s patterned glass was reused. In the mid-1990s a fourth level was added to the Robert Brown building (National Herbarium), providing more work spaces and shelving for 20,000 more red herbarium boxes and a sloping roof to... | 21,356 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
pine ("Wollemia nobilis") was discovered in a remote gorge in Wollemi National Park by Phillip Noble, triggering an innovative propagation campaign to secure this species in ex-situ cultivation. An early specimen was planted on the site of the main intersection of paths between the middle g... | 21,357 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
areas to gardens over the new Conservatorium. A new land bridge was built (completed in 2005) over the Cahill Expressway/Eastern Distributor redevelopment, linking the Art Gallery of NSW, Mrs Macquarie's Road, The Domain and Botanic Garden, with small additional land area and new native pla... | 21,358 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
altered with additions made to both to allow functions, set up and preparation facilities, and a new amenities block. From 2006 the Cacti and Succulent Garden was partially revamped by Jamie Durie, celebrity horticulturist. The Central Gardens Depot was also redeveloped, with repair of sign... | 21,359 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
encouraging the animals to move. In Autumn 2014 Palm Grove was restored, with over 1300 palm species being donated by Illawarra businessman and conservationist Colin Wilson, after he saw the damage flying foxes (bats) had caused. Efforts to grow this collection will help secure the survival... | 21,360 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
plants. The Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust commenced a successful flying-fox relocation programme in 2012.
In July 2015 the Minister announced organisational changes to transform the Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust into a more efficient and responsive organisation. He reveal... | 21,361 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
new exhibitions and collaborations with other cultural institutions.
# Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust.
The Garden comes under the responsibility of the Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, established in 1980 by act of the New South Wales Parliament. The "Domain Leasing Act" 19... | 21,362 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
of the lands under legislative guidelines, the day-to-day operational management of the Garden is undertaken by staff. In 2014 it was announced that the Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust would be known as the Botanic Gardens & Centennial Parklands, widening responsibilities to take in ... | 21,363 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the Middle Gardens, the Palace Gardens and the Bennelong precinct. Within the four major precincts are many smaller gardens and features as well as large amounts of lightly wooded lawn areas. Located approximately in the middle of the four precincts is the Palm Grove Centre which offers a r... | 21,364 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Traditionally designated as four areas reflecting its development.
The single most distinct landscape feature in the Garden is the historic hand-hewn sandstone seawall that curves around Farm Cove from Mrs Macquarie's Point to the Opera House, delineating the garden from the harbour and pr... | 21,365 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the first furrows and shortly thereafter the first garden plots of the new settlement. The old Garden Palace grounds is the area bordering Macquarie Street and the Conservatorium of Music (former Government House stables). The Middle Garden is the first farm site. The Upper garden comprises... | 21,366 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
turf species. The area was originally enclosed by a paling fence for grazing the Governor's stock. An ornamental fence was constructed along Macquarie Street and in the grounds stood the Garden Palace built 1879 which was destroyed by fire in 1882.
The Middle Garden is now the most closely... | 21,367 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the environment.
## Lower Gardens.
Charles Moore directed the reclamation of and expansion of the "Lower Garden" into Farm Cove, extending the gardens' pleasure grounds with curving pleasure walks, tree and shrubbery plantings. This work took place over 30 years, resulting in a gardenesqu... | 21,368 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
have evolved from the rectangular beds of the earliest garden. The land before the first Government House and Bennelong Point was laid out in the manner of an English park, the Botanic Garden was treated in a purely functional way. The gate in the wall which Macquarie had completed in 1816 ... | 21,369 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
on the eastern side of the palm grove. On his death in 1831 he was succeeded by Richard Cunningham. His brother, the explorer Allan Cunningham, was also a director. A native red cedar Fraser collected in 1822 formerly thought to have been from the Parramatta region has been genetically test... | 21,370 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
& Plant Sciences Building, the Lion Gate Lodge, the Begonia Garden and the Macquarie Wall and Spring Walk.
## Palace Gardens.
The Palace Gardens feature the The Calyx, the Rainforest Walk, the Pioneer Garden, the Morshead Fountain Gate, the Palace Garden Gate, the Rose Garden & Pavilion, ... | 21,371 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Solander Library.
The library at the Royal Botanic Gardens was established in 1852. It is named after Daniel Solander (1733–1782) who was a student of Linnaeus and held positions at the British Museum, including working in the library. He was employed in 1768 by Joseph Banks to accompany h... | 21,372 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
voyage with James Cook amongst more than 1.2 million plant specimens.
# Flying foxes.
The Royal Botanic Garden was for decades home to a large colony of native Grey-headed Flying Foxes, a large species of fruit bat. The colony (estimated to be over 20,000 strong at times) caused significa... | 21,373 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
approval was finally given to the trust to proceed in June 2012. By June 2013 the bats had entirely left the Garden and the damaged trees had started to recover.
In an ironic coda, many of the bats displaced from the garden were found to have moved to a native bushland site on the north co... | 21,374 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
at 22 September 1998, the Royal Botanic Garden and The Domain collectively are of exceptional national, state and local significance as:
## General values.
- It is one of the earliest surviving colonial botanic gardens in the world and one of the oldest, richest and most extensive early p... | 21,375 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
notable for their rarity, diversity, size and scientific value – its living collection which is distinguished by many rare and unusual cultivated plants, the extensive preserved collections of the Herbarium and comprehensive botanical library (scientific/technical and research values);
- A... | 21,376 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
parks within city planning and development.
## Primary values.
- As an important and integral part of the boundaries – from 1792 – of the first permanent European settlement in Australia. It is also an integral part of a large group of early Australian colonial sites located along, and li... | 21,377 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
hemisphere (1816); the whole site comprises a broad and idiosyncratic collection of native and exotic plants (8000 taxa and 45,000 accessions) acquired over a period of 190 years for the purpose of scientific study including research for agriculture, ornamental horticulture and industry (sc... | 21,378 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the study, classification and cultivation of the indigenous vegetation of NSW from the time of Charles Fraser (1817) and remaining a core function of the institution and landscape (scientific/technical/research and historic values);
- The place has strong and direct associations with many ... | 21,379 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Charles Moore and Joseph Maiden – who were largely responsible for the present overall form of the landscape as well as the content and organisation of the plant collections (scientific/technical/research and historic values);
- It has strong and direct associations with many distinguished... | 21,380 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
horticultural botany and plant ecology by various Australian and international scientists (scientific/technical/research and historic values);
- It is closely associated with the history and development of the principal government residences – as well as the Governors – of New South Wales;... | 21,381 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
– with the capacity to indicate evolving landscape design styles in Australia over the past 200 years (historic & aesthetic values);
- It retains many important components of the various phases of its layout – including paths, fences, bedding areas, plantations, views, monuments, statuary,... | 21,382 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
place has been, and continues to be, the focus of important historic events in the cultural and political life of New South Wales (social & historic values);
- It fulfils an important role as a part of the quintessential setting for nearby architectural landmarks such as the Sydney Opera H... | 21,383 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
landscape (aesthetic value);
- It remains a potent source of inspiration for artists and writers since the inception of the colony; and as a setting for public art (historic, aesthetic & social values);
- Despite various interventions over the last 200 years it is still possible to apprec... | 21,384 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
aesthetic values);
- The trialling of various plant species – for example Canary Island date palms ("Phoenix canariensis"), brush box ("Lophostemon confertus") and Hill's fig ("Ficus microcarpa var. Hillii") – within the place has subsequently influenced their popularity and use throughout... | 21,385 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
and continues to develop, a didactic role of increasing knowledge and understanding about plants through displays, public lectures, tours and social events based on the living collections and the landscape setting (social value).
## National, state and local significance.
The Royal Botani... | 21,386 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
significance:
- as it comprises an eclectic collection of native and exotic plants acquired over almost two centuries, for the purpose of scientific study including research for agriculture, ornamental horticulture and industry (scientific/technical/research and historic values);
- for th... | 21,387 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
collection which is distinguished by many rare and unusual cultivated plants, the extensive preserved collections of the Herbarium and comprehensive botanical library (scientific/technical and research values);
- for the long-standing close and direct link with the study, classification an... | 21,388 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
of the first permanent European settlement, they are the site of the first contact and the earliest European agricultural and horticultural site in Australia (scientific/technical and research values);
- for its natural significance as the habitat of several animal species considered to ha... | 21,389 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
as the site of the first Government Farm activities in Australia, an attempt to support the vulnerable new colony in 1788. After the establishment of the Government Gardens -17 it remained a prime site for the trailing of important economic botanical crops including the introduction of Busb... | 21,390 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
for the strong and direct associations with prominent early directors such as Charles Fraser, Richard & Allan Cunningham, Charles Moore, Joseph Maiden, who were largest responsible for the overall form of the Garden's landscape, as well as the 19th century content and organisation of the pl... | 21,391 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
has formed the basis of much of the contemporary knowledge and understanding of Australian plants. This knowledge built on the extensive work by the 19th century government botanists and the plant acquisitions, whose collections are of notable early botanical explorers and collectors. These... | 21,392 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
the landscape has evolved from a small botanic garden of a traditional functional design within the Governor's Domain or "estate park" of the Macquarie era, to the high Victorian Gardenesque which gradually replaced the "park" and which forms the framework of the existing landscape;
- as t... | 21,393 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
landscape design displaying a major engineering feature in the sea wall and network of ponds. It exhibits Picturesque, naturalistic and Gardenesque design traits in its curvilinear pathway system with beds at junctions, the tradition of lawns for floral display now centred on the Choragic M... | 21,394 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
part of a wider area that contains a large group of significant colonial sites and the oldest officially established Domain in Australia (1792). This historic area provides considerable potential to reveal much about the formative town planning, settlement and development pattern of Sydney;... | 21,395 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
ensembles of public facilities including the Botanic Garden, Sydney Opera House, Government House, Conservatorium of Music and Sydney's scenic harbour at Farm Cove, that is outstanding in a national context and possibly internationally;
- as a largely intact designed landscape that is a pl... | 21,396 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
Architect Walter Liberty Vernon. The Garden also contains contemporary buildings of some significance representative of developments in Modern Movement architecture in Australia;
- as a source of inspiration for artists and writers since the inception of the colony and as a setting for the... | 21,397 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
as they are highly valued by the community and are in high demand from a broad community spectrum. They fulfil diverse use expectations by remaining freely accessible. The Garden as a cultural precinct provide a setting for recreation and relaxation, entertainment and events attracting over... | 21,398 |
1803839 | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Botanic%20Garden,%20Sydney | Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney
most important collections of preserved plant specimens that is highly valued by the national and international scientific community for contemporary research into systematic and horticultural botany and plant ecology.
## Historical significance.
The Royal Botanic Garden and The Domain al... | 21,399 |
Subsets and Splits
No community queries yet
The top public SQL queries from the community will appear here once available.