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nearly a mile and a half and to walk it about three-quarters of a mile, and all the roads unavoidably pass over ground more than above the barracks, besides the footpaths are so steep and chalky that a number of accidents will unavoidably happen during the wet weather and more especially after floods. I am therefore induced to recommend the construction of a shaft, with a triple staircase ... the chief objective of which is the convenience and safety of troops ... and may eventually be useful in sending reinforcements to troops or in affording them a secure retreat."
Twiss's plan was approved and building went ahead. The shaft was to be in diameter, deep with a gallery connecting the bottom | 22,200 |
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of the shaft to Snargate Street, and all for under an estimated £4000. The plan entailed building two brick-lined shafts, one inside the other. In the outer would be built a triple staircase, the inner acting as a light well with "windows" cut in its outer wall to illuminate the staircases. Apparently, by March 1805 only of the connecting gallery was left to dig and it is probable that the project was completed by 1807.
## Pentonville Prison.
Two Acts of Parliament allowed for the building of Pentonville Prison for the detention of convicts sentenced to imprisonment or awaiting transportation. Construction started on 10 April 1840 and was completed in 1842. The cost was £84,186 12s 2d. Captain | 22,201 |
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(later Major General Sir) Joshua Jebb designed Pentonville Prison, introducing new concepts such as single cells with good heating, ventilation and sanitation.
## Boundary Commissions.
Although mapping by what became the Ordnance Survey was born out of military necessity it was soon realised that accurate maps could be also used for civil purposes. The lessons learnt from this first boundary commission were put to good use around the world where members of the Corps have determined boundaries on behalf of the British as well as foreign governments; some notable boundary commissions include:
- 1839 – Canada-United States
- 1858 – Canada-United States (Captain (later General Sir) John Hawkins | 22,202 |
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RE)
- 1856 and 1857 – Russo-Turkish (Lieutenant Colonel (later Sir) Edward Stanton RE)
- 1857 – Russo-Turkish (Colonel (later Field Marshal Sir) Lintorn Simmons RE)
- 1878 – Bulgarian
- 1880 – Græco-Turkish (Major (later Major General Sir) John Ardagh RE)
- 1884 – Russo-Afghan (Captain (later Colonel Sir) Thomas Holdich RE)
- 1894 – India-Afghanistan (Captain (later Colonel Sir) Thomas Holdich RE)
- 1902 – Chile-Argentine (Colonel Sir Delme Radcliffe RE)
- 1911 – Peru-Bolivia (Major A. J. Woodroffe RE)
Much of this work continues to this day. The reform of the voting franchise brought about by the Reform Act (1832), demanded that boundary commissions were set up. Lieutenants Dawson | 22,203 |
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and Thomas Drummond (1797–1839), Royal Engineers, were employed to gather the statistical information upon which the Bill was founded, as well as determining the boundaries and districts of boroughs. It was said that the fate of numerous boroughs fell victim to the heliostat and the Drummond light, the instrument that Drummond invented whilst surveying in Ireland.
## Abney Level.
An Abney level is an instrument used in surveying which consists of a fixed sighting tube, a movable spirit level that is connected to a pointing arm, and a protractor scale. The Abney level is an easy to use, relatively inexpensive, and when used correctly an accurate surveying tool. The Abney level was invented | 22,204 |
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by Sir William de Wiveleslie Abney (1843–1920) who was a Royal Engineer, an English astronomer and chemist best known for his pioneering of colour photography and colour vision. Abney invented this instrument under the employment of the Royal School of Military Engineering in Chatham, England, in the 1870s.
## H.M. Dockyards.
In 1873, Captain Henry Brandreth RE was appointed Director of the Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering, later the Admiralty Works Department. Following this appointment many Royal Engineer officers superintended engineering works at Royal Navy Dockyards in various parts of the world, including the Royal Naval Dockyard, Bermuda.
### Chatham Dockyard.
Chatham, | 22,205 |
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being the home of the Corps, meant that the Royal Engineers and the Dockyard had a close relationship since Captain Brandreth's appointment. At the Chatham Dockyard, Captain Thomas Mould RE designed the iron roof trusses for the covered slips, 4, 5 and 6. Slip 7 was designed by Colonel Godfrey Greene RE on his move to the Corps from the Bengal Sappers & Miners. In 1886 Major Henry Pilkington RE was appointed Superintendent of Engineering at the Dockyard, moving on to Director of Engineering at the Admiralty in 1890 and Engineer-in-Chief of Naval Loan Works, where he was responsible for the extension of all major Dockyards at home and abroad.
# Trades.
All members of the Royal Engineers are | 22,206 |
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trained combat engineers and all sappers (privates) and non-commissioned officers also have another trade. These trades include: air conditioning fitter, electrician, general fitter, plant operator mechanic, plumber, bricklayer, plasterer / painter, carpenter & joiner, fabricator, building materials technician, design draughtsman, electrical & mechanical draughtsman, geographic support technician, survey engineer, armoured engineer, driver, engineer IT, engineer logistics specialist, amphibious engineer, bomb disposal specialist, diver or search specialist. They may also undertake the specialist selection and training to qualify as Commandos or Military Parachutists. Women are eligible for all | 22,207 |
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Royal Engineer specialities.
# Units.
## Brigades & Groups.
- 8th Engineer Brigade
- 12 Force Support Group
- 21 Engineer Regiment
- 28 Engineer Regiment
- 32 Engineer Regiment
- 36 Engineer Regiment
- 39 Engineer Regiment
- 25 (Close Support) Engineer Group (Under operational command of 3rd Division)
- 22 Engineer Regiment
- 3 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 5 Field Squadron
- 6 Headquarter Squadron
- 26 Engineer Regiment
- 8 Armored Engineer Squadron
- 30 Armored Engineer Squadron
- 38 HQ & Support Squadron
- 29 EOD & Search Group
- 33 Engineer Regiment (EOD)
- 35 Engineer Regiment (EOD) - Formerly 35 Armoured Engineer Regiment
- 101 (City of London) Engineer Regiment (Reserve)
- | 22,208 |
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11 Explosive Ordnance Disposal and Search Regiment RLC
- 1 Military Working Dog Regiment
- 170 (Infrastructure Support) Engineer Group (previously Military Works Force)
- 42 Headquarters & Support Squadron
- 20 Works Group
- 510 STRE (Airfields)
- 529 STRE (Air Support)
- 531 STRE (Airfields)
- 532 STRE (Air Support)
- 534 STRE (Airfields)
- 62 Works Group
- 508 STRE (Wks)
- 519 STRE (Wks)
- 522 STRE (Wks)
- 523 STRE (Wks)
- 524 STRE (Wks)
- 63 Works Group
- 517 STRE (Wks)
- 518 STRE (Wks)
- 525 STRE (Wks)
- 527 STRE (Wks)
- 535 STRE (Wks)
- 65 Works Group
- 503 STRE (FP)
- 504 STRE (P)
- 506 STRE (W)
- 507 STRE (R)
- 509 STRE (PI)
- 526 STRE (Wks)
- 66 Works Group
- | 22,209 |
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502 STRE (FP)
- 516 STRE (BP)
- 521 STRE (WD)
- 528 STRE (P)
- 530 STRE (M)
## Regiments.
- 21 Engineer Regiment:
- 7 Headquarters and Support Squadron
- 1 Field Squadron Squadron
- 4 Field Squadron Squadron
- 106 (West Riding) Field Squadron (Sheffield/Bradford)
- Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers Light Aid Detachment
- 22 Engineer Regiment:
- 6 Headquarters and Support Squadron
- 3 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 5 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 52 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers Light Aid Detachment
- 23 Parachute Engineer Regiment – part of 16 Air Assault Brigade
- 12 (Nova Scotia) Parachute Headquarters and Support Squadron
- | 22,210 |
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9 Parachute Squadron
- 51 Parachute Squadron
- 299 Para Field Squadron (Reserve) Wakefield/Hull/Gateshead
- 24 Commando Engineer Regiment – part of 3 Commando Brigade, Royal Marines (based at Chivenor). Formed in 2008 as part of the Delivering Security in a Changing World review, when the engineering support for 3 Commando Brigade was increased to a full regiment.
- 54 Commando Squadron
- 59 Commando Squadron
- 131 Commando Squadron (Reserve) - based in Kingsbury, Plymouth, Birmingham and Bath
- 26 Engineer Regiment:
- 38 Headquarters and Support Squadron
- 8 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 30 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 33 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 28 Engineer Regiment (CBRN)
- | 22,211 |
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64 Headquarters and Support Squadron
- 42 Field Squadron
- 77 Field Squadron
- FALCON Squadron, Royal Tank Regiment
- 32 Engineer Regiment:
- 2 Headquarters and Support Squadron
- 26 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 31 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 33 Engineer Regiment (Explosive Ordnance Disposal) (Hybrid Regiment with Regular & Army Reserve Squadrons):
- 58 Field Squadron (EOD)
- 217 (London) Field Squadron (EOD)(V) {Holloway}
- 350 Field Squadron (Air Support) [Nottingham]
- 821 Field Squadron (EOD)
- EOC Group
- 35 Engineer Regiment: Disbandment of this unit was announced in December 2016. It will return from Germany and re-role as an EOD Search Regiment, 29 and 37 AES will move | 22,212 |
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to 21 and 32 Engineer Regiment as part of this re-role.
- 44 Headquarters and Support Squadron
- 29 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 37 Armoured Engineer Squadron
- 36 Engineer Regiment:
- 50 Headquarters & Support Squadron
- 20 Field Squadron
- 69 Gurkha Field Squadron
- 70 Gurkha Field Support Squadron
- 39 Engineer Regiment:
- 60 Headquarters and Support Squadron (Air Support)
- 10 Field Squadron (Air Support)
- 34 Field Squadron (Air Support)
- 48 Field Squadron (Air Support)
- 53 Field Squadron (Air Support)
- REME Workshop
- 42 Engineer Regiment (Geographic):
- 13 Geographic Squadron
- 14 Geographic Squadron
- 16 Geographic Support Squadron
- 135 Geographic Squadron (Reserve)
- | 22,213 |
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71 Engineer Regiment
- 10 (Orkney) Troop - Kirkwall
- RHQ Leuchars Station
- 102 Field Squadron Paisley/Barnsford Bridge
- 103 (1st Newcastle) Field Squadron (Newcastle/Sunderland)
- 124 Field Support Squadron [[Cumbernauld], [[Leuchars]], [[Kinloss]] and [[Orkney]]
- 236 Troop - Kinloss Barracks
- 591 (Antrim Artillery) Field Squadron [Bangor, NI]
- [[75 Engineer Regiment (United Kingdom)|75 Engineer Regiment]] (Field)
- 107 (Lancashire and Cheshire) Field Squadron [[Birkenhead]]
- 202 Field Support Squadron [[Manchester]]
- 412 Amphibious Engineer Troop(Volunteers) Reserve ( [[Minden]])
- [[101 (City of London) Engineer Regiment]] ([[Explosive Ordnance Disposal]]) [Hybrid Regiment | 22,214 |
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with Regular & [[Army Reserve (United Kingdom)|Army Reserve]] Squadrons]:
- 22 Headquarters and Support Squadron (EOD)
- 17 Field Squadron (EOD)
- 21 Field Squadron (EOD)
- 221 Field Squadron (EOD)(V) {[[Rochester, Kent|Rochester]]/[[Catford]]}
- 579 Field Squadron (EOD)(V) {[[Royal Tunbridge Wells|Tunbridge Wells]]}
- [[Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers|Royal Monmouthshire Royal Engineers (Militia)]]
- RHQ Troop [Monmouth]
- 100 Field Squadron [[Cwmbran]]/[[Bristol]]/[[Cardiff]]
- 108 (W) Field Squadron [[Swansea]]
- 225 Field Squadron [[Birmingham]]
- Jersey Field Squadron [[St Helier]]
- [[Engineer and Logistic Staff Corps]] (Volunteers)
- The Nottinghamshire Band of The Royal | 22,215 |
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Engineers [Nottingham]
## The Royal School of Military Engineering.
[[File:HQ Royal School of Military Engineering.jpg|thumb|right|HQ Royal School of Military Engineering.]]
The [[Royal School of Military Engineering]] is the [[British Army]]'s Centre of Excellence for [[Military Engineering]], [[Explosive Ordnance Disposal]] (EOD), and counter terrorist search training. Located on several sites in Chatham, Kent, [[Camberley]] in Surrey and [[Bicester]] in Oxfordshire the Royal School of Military Engineering offers superb training facilities for the full range of [[Royal Engineer]] skills. The RSME was founded by Major (later General Sir) [[Charles Pasley]], as the Royal Engineer Establishment | 22,216 |
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in 1812. It was renamed the School of Military Engineering in 1868 and granted the "Royal" prefix in 1962.
- [[Royal School of Military Engineering]]
- Combat Engineer School
- 3 Royal School of Military Engineering Regiment
- 55 Training Squadron Royal Engineers
- 57 Training Squadron Royal Engineers
- 63 Training Support Squadron Royal Engineers
- Communication Information Systems Wing
- Construction Engineer School
- 1 Royal School of Military Engineering Regiment
- 24 Training Squadron Royal Engineers
- 36 Training Squadron Royal Engineers
- Civil Engineering Wing
- Electrical and Mechanical Wing
- Royal Engineers Warfare Wing "(Founded in 2011 and split between Brompton Barracks, | 22,217 |
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Chatham and [[Gibraltar Barracks, Minley|Gibraltar Barracks]] at [[Minley]] in [[Hampshire]], this is the product of the amalgamation between Command Wing, where Command and Tactics were taught and Battlefield Engineering Wing, where combat engineering training was facilitated.)"
- United Kingdom Mine Information and Training Centre
- Defence Explosive Munitions and Search School (formally Defence [[Bomb Disposal|EOD]] School and the National Search Centre)
- 28 Training Squadron, Army Training Regiment
- Diving Training Unit (Army), (DTU(A))
- Band of the Corps of Royal Engineers (The Band are part of the Corps of Army Music, but wear the uniform of the Royal Engineers)
# Corps' Ensign.
[[File:Corps | 22,218 |
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of Royal Engineers Camp Flag.png|thumb|left|Camp Gate Flag of the Royal Engineers]]
[[File:Royal Engineers Ensign.png|thumb|left|Royal Engineers' Ensign]]
The Royal Engineers, Ports Section, operated harbours and ports for the army and used mainly specialised vessels such as tugs and dredgers. During the [[World War II|Second World War]] the Royal Engineers' Blue Ensign was flown from the [[Mulberry harbour]]s.
# Bishop Gundulf, Rochester and King's Engineers.
[[File:Rochester Castle engraved by H.Adlard after G.F.Sargent. c1836 edited.jpg|thumb|right|Rochester Castle from across the [[River Medway|Medway]]. Engraving from image by G.F. Sargent c1836.]]
[[File:Rochester Cathedral from west.jpg|thumb|right|Rochester | 22,219 |
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Cathedral from the West]]
[[Bishop Gundulf]], a monk from the Abbey of Bec in Normandy came to England in 1070 as [[Archbishop]] Lafranc's assistant at [[Canterbury]]. His talent for architecture had been spotted by [[William I of England|King William I]] and was put to good use in [[Diocese of Rochester|Rochester]], where he was sent as bishop in 1077. Almost immediately the King appointed him to supervise the construction of the [[White Tower (Tower of London)|White Tower]], now part of the [[Tower of London]] in 1078. Under [[William Rufus]] he also undertook building work on [[Rochester Castle]]. Having served three kings of England and earning "the favour of them all", Gundulf is accepted | 22,220 |
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as the first "King's Engineer".
# The Institution of Royal Engineers.
[[File:Royal Engineers Museum, Prince Arthur Rd, Gillingham (2) - geograph.org.uk - 1148711.jpg|thumb|right|The Ravelin Building at the Royal School of Military Engineering, Chatham, is now home to the Institution and the Corps Museum.]]
The Institution of Royal Engineers, the [[British professional bodies|professional institution]] of the Corps of Royal Engineers, was established in 1875 and in 1923 it was granted its [[Royal Charter]] by [[King George V]]. The Institution is collocated with the Royal Engineers Museum, within the grounds of the [[Royal School of Military Engineering]] at [[Brompton, Medway|Brompton]] in | 22,221 |
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Chatham, Kent.
The "History of the Corps of Royal Engineers" is currently in its 12th volume. The first two volumes were written by Major General [[Whitworth Porter]] and published in 1889.
"The Sapper" is published by the Royal Engineers Central Charitable Trust and is a bi-monthly magazine for all ranks.
# The Royal Engineers' Association.
The Royal Engineers Association was formed to promote and support the Corps among members of the Association in the following ways:
- By fostering esprit de corps and a spirit of comradeship and service.
- By maintaining an awareness of Corps traditions.
- By acting as a link between serving and retired members of the Corps.
- To provide financial | 22,222 |
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and other assistance to serving and former members of the Corps, their wives, widows and dependants who are in need through poverty.
- To make grants, within Association guidelines, to the Army Benevolent Fund and to other charities which further the objectives of the Association.
# Sport.
## Royal Engineers' Yacht Club.
[[File:Government Ensign of the United Kingdom.svg|thumb|left|Un-defaced [[Blue Ensign]] flown by members of the REYC.]][[File:REYC Burgee.gif|thumb|right|REYC Burgee.]]
The Royal Engineers' Yacht Club, which dates back to 1812, promotes the skill of watermanship in the Royal Engineers.
## Royal Engineers Amateur Football Club.
The club was founded in 1863, under the | 22,223 |
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leadership of Major [[Francis Marindin]]. Sir [[Frederick Wall]], who was the secretary of [[The Football Association]] 1895–1934, stated in his memoirs that the "[[combination game]]" was first used by the Royal Engineers A.F.C. in the early 1870s. Wall states that the "Sappers moved in unison" and showed the "advantages of combination over the old style of individualism".
### FA Cup.
[[File:RoyalEngineers1872.jpg|thumb|right|The Royal Engineers pictured in 1872. Back: [[William Merriman|Merriman]], Ord, [[Francis Marindin|Marindin]], [[George William Addison|Addison]], [[Hugh Mitchell (Royal Engineers)|Mitchell]]; Front: Hoskyns, [[Henry Renny-Tailyour|Renny-Tailyour]], [[Edmund Creswell|Creswell]], | 22,224 |
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[[Alfred Goodwyn|Goodwyn]], Barker, [[Henry Rich (footballer)|Rich]].]]
The Engineers played in [[1872 FA Cup Final|the first-ever FA Cup Final]] in 1872, losing 1–0 at [[Kennington Oval]] on 16 March 1872, to regular rivals Wanderers. They also lost the [[1874 FA Cup Final]], to [[Oxford University A.F.C.]].
Their greatest triumph was the [[1874–75 FA Cup]]. In [[1875 FA Cup Final|the final]] against [[Old Etonians F.C.|Old Etonians]], they drew 1–1 with a goal from Renny-Tailyour and went on to win the replay 2–0 with a goal each from Renny-Tailyour and Stafford. Their last [[FA Cup Final]] appearance came in [[1878 FA Cup Final|1878]], again losing to the Wanderers. They last participated | 22,225 |
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in [[1882–83 FA Cup]], losing 6–2 in the fourth round to [[Old Carthusians F.C.]].
The Engineers' Depot [[Battalion]] won the [[FA Amateur Cup]] in 1908.
On 7 November 2012, the Royal Engineers played against the [[Wanderers F.C.|Wanderers]] in a remake of the 1872 FA Cup Final at [[The Oval]]. Unlike the actual final, the Engineers won, and by a large margin, 7–1 being the final score.
## Rugby.
The Army were represented in the very first international by two members of the Royal Engineers, both playing for [[England national rugby union team|England]], Lieutenant [[Charles Arthur Crompton]] RE and Lieutenant [[Charles Sherrard]] RE.
# Successor units.
Several units have been formed from | 22,226 |
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the Royal Engineers.
- The [[Air Battalion Royal Engineers]] (formed 1911) was the precursor of the [[Royal Flying Corps]] (formed 1912) which evolved into the [[Royal Air Force]] in 1918.
- The Telegraph Troop, founded in 1870, became the Telegraph Battalion Royal Engineers who then became the Royal Engineers Signals Service, which in turn became the independent [[Royal Corps of Signals]] in 1920.
- The Royal Engineers were responsible for railway and inland waterway transport, port operations and movement control until 1965, when these functions were transferred to the new [[Royal Corps of Transport]]. (See also [[Railway Operating Division]].) The Royal Corps of Transport merged into the | 22,227 |
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[[Royal Logistic Corps]] in 1993.
- In 1913, the [[BFPO|Army Post Office Corps]] (formed in 1882) and the Royal Engineers Telegraph Reserve (formed in 1884) amalgamated to form the Royal Engineers (Postal Section) Special Reserve. This later became the Defence Postal and Courier Service and remained part of the RE until the formation of the Royal Logistic Corps in 1993 – see ([[BFPO|British Forces Post Office]]).
# Notable personnel.
- [[:Category:Royal Engineers soldiers]]
- [[:Category:Royal Engineers officers]]
# Decorations.
## Victoria Cross.
The following Royal Engineers have been awarded the [[Victoria Cross]] (VC), the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face | 22,228 |
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of the enemy that can be awarded to British and [[Commonwealth of Nations|Commonwealth]] forces.
[[File:Alphonse de Neuville - The defence of Rorke's Drift 1879 - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|[[Rorke's Drift]], 22–23 January 1879, a battle fought under the command of [[John Rouse Merriott Chard|Lt. John Chard, RE]]. Eleven Victoria Crosses were won during the battle, including one by Chard. Painting by [[Alphonse de Neuville]]|alt=Burning hut in the background; red-jacketed soldiers fighting in the foreground]]
- [[Tom Edwin Adlam]], 1916, [[Thiepval]], France
- [[Adam Archibald]], 1918, [[Ors]], France
- [[Fenton John Aylmer]], 1891, [[Nilt Fort]], India
- [[Mark Sever Bell]], 1874, [[Battle | 22,229 |
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of Ordashu]], Ashanti (now Ghana)
- [[John Rouse Merriott Chard]], 1879, [[Rorke's Drift]], South Africa
- [[Brett Mackay Cloutman]], 1918, [[Pont-sur-Sambre]], France
- [[Clifford Coffin]], 1917, [[Westhoek (region)|Westhoek]], Belgium
- [[James Morris Colquhoun Colvin]], 1897, [[Mohmand Valley]], India
- [[James Lennox Dawson]], 1915, [[Hohenzollern Redoubt]], France
- [[Robert James Thomas Digby-Jones]], 1900, [[Siege of Ladysmith|Ladysmith]], South Africa
- [[Thomas Frank Durrant]], 1942, [[St. Nazaire Raid|St. Nazaire]], France
- [[Howard Craufurd Elphinstone]], 1855, [[Siege of Sevastopol (1854)|Sevastopol]], Crimea
- [[George de Cardonnel Elmsall Findlay]], 1918, [[Catillon]], | 22,230 |
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France
- [[Gerald Graham]], 1855, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[William Hackett (VC)|William Hackett]], 1916, Givenchy, France
- [[Reginald Clare Hart]], 1879, [[Bazar Valley]], Afghanistan
- [[Lanoe Hawker]], 1915 {While serving with the RFC}
- [[Charles Alfred Jarvis]], 1914, [[Jemappes]], Belgium
- [[Frederick Henry Johnson]], 1915, [[Hill 70]], France
- [[William Henry Johnston]], 1914, [[Missy-sur-Aisne|Missy]], France
- [[Frank Howard Kirby]], 1900, [[Delagoa Bay Railway]], South Africa
- [[Cecil Leonard Knox]], 1918, [[Tugny-et-Pont|Tugny]], France
- [[Edward Pemberton Leach]], 1879, [[Maidanah]], Afghanistan
- [[Peter Leitch (soldier)|Peter Leitch]], 1855, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[William | 22,231 |
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James Lendrim]], 1855, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[Wilbraham Oates Lennox]], 1854, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[Henry MacDonald]], 1855, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[Cyril Gordon Martin]], 1915, [[Spanbroekmolen]] on the [[Messines Ridge]], Belgium
- [[James McPhie]], 1918, [[Aubencheul-au-Bac]], France
- [[Philip Neame]], 1914, [[Neuve Chapelle]], France
- [[John Perie]], 1855, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[Claud Raymond]], 1945, [[Talaku]], Burma (now Myanmar)
- [[John Ross (VC)|John Ross]], 1855, Sevastopol, Crimea
- [[Michael Sleavon]], 1858, [[Jhansi]], India
- [[Arnold Horace Santo Waters]], 1918, [[Ors]], France
- [[Thomas Colclough Watson]], 1897, [[Mohmand campaign of 1897–98|Mamund Valley]], India
- | 22,232 |
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[[Theodore Wright]], 1914, [[Battle of Mons|Mons]], Belgium
## "The Sapper VCs".
In 1998, [[Office of Public Sector Information|HMSO]] published an account of the 55 [[Sapper#Commonwealth of Nations|British and Commonwealth 'Sappers']] who have been awarded the [[Victoria Cross]]. The book was written by Colonel GWA Napier, former Royal Engineers officer and a former Director of the [[Royal Engineers Museum]]. The book defines a 'Sapper' as any "member of a British or Empire military engineer corps, whatever their rank, speciality or national allegiance", and is thus not confined to Royal Engineers.
## Memorials.
- [[Rochester Cathedral]], Kent has major historical links with the Corps and | 22,233 |
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contains many memorials including stained glass, mosaics and plaques. The cathedral hosts services on the annual Corps Memorial Weekend and is supported by the Corps on Remembrance Sunday.
- [[La Ferté-sous-Jouarre memorial#Royal Engineers memorials|Royal Engineers First World War memorial at La Ferté-sous-Jouarre]]
- [[National Memorial Arboretum]] at Alrewas, Staffordshire
- The memorial to the Royal Engineers at [[Arromanches]], the site of the Mulberry Harbours during the Second World War
# See also.
- [[Royal Electrical and Mechanical Engineers]]
- [[Mine Information Training Centre]]
- [[Royal Engineers, Columbia Detachment]]
- [[Bermuda Volunteer Engineers]], a territorial unit | 22,234 |
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that replaced the Regular Army RE companies of the [[Bermuda Garrison]] in 1930. Disbanded 1946.
- [[Canadian Military Engineers]], created in 1903 to provide a replacement for the RE in Canada
- [[List of international professional associations]]
- [[The Association of British Columbia Land Surveyors]]
- [[Institution of Engineers (India)|Institution of Engineers]]
- [[Armoured Vehicle Royal Engineers|AVRE]]
# Further reading.
- "British Garrison Berlin 1945–1994, "No where to go"", W. Durie
- "Follow the Sapper: An Illustrated History of the Corps of Royal Engineers", by Colonel Gerald Napier RE. Published by The Institution of Royal Engineers, 2005. .
- "The History of the Corps | 22,235 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
of Royal Sappers and Miners: From the Formation of the Corps in March 1772, to the Date when Its Designation was Changed to that of Royal Engineers, in October 1856", by Thomas William John Connolly. Published by Longman, Brown, Green, and Longmans, 1857.
- "History of the Corps of Royal Engineers", by Whitworth Porter, Charles Moore Watson. Published by Longmans, Green, 1889.
- "The Royal Engineer", by [[Francis Bond Head]]. Published by John Murray, 1869.
- "Papers on Subjects Connected with the Duties of the Corps of Royal Engineers", by Great Britain Army. Royal Engineers. Published by The Corps, 1874.
- "Professional Papers of the Corps of Royal Engineers", by Great Britain Army. Royal | 22,236 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
Engineers, Royal Engineers' Institute (Great Britain). Published by Royal Engineer Institute, 1892.
- "The Royal Engineers in Egypt and the Sudan", by Edward Warren Caulfeild Sandes. Published by Institution of Royal Engineers, 1937.
- "Citizen Soldiers of the Royal Engineers Transportation and Movements and the Royal Army Service Corps, 1859 to 1965", by Gerard Williams, Michael Williams. Published by Institution of the Royal Corps of Transport, 1969.
- "Royal Engineers", by Derek Boyd. Published by Cooper, 1975. .
- "The Royal Engineers", by Terry Gander. Published by I. Allan, 1985. .
- "Versatile Genius: The Royal Engineers and Their Maps: Manuscript Maps and Plans of the Eastern Frontier, | 22,237 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
1822–1870", by University of the Witwatersrand Library, Yvonne Garson. Published by University of the Witwatersrand Library, 1992. .
- "The History of the Royal Engineer Yacht Club", by Sir Gerald Duke. Published by Pitman Press, 1982. .
- "From Ballon to Boxkite. The Royal Engineers and Early British Aeronautics", by Malcolm Hall. Published by Amberley, 2010. .
- "A Harbour Goes to War. The story of the Mulberry and the men who made it happen", by Evans, J. Palmer, E & Walter, R. Published by Brook House, 2000. .
- "Danger UXB. The Heroic Story of the WWII Bomb Disposal Teams", by James Owen. Published by Little, Brown, 2010. .
- "Designed to Kill. Bomb Disposal from World War I to the | 22,238 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
Falklands", by Major Arthur Hogben. Published by Patrick Stevens, 1987. .
- "UXB Malta. Royal Engineers Bomb Disposal 1940–44", by S A M Hudson. Published by The History Press, 2010. .
- "The Underground War. Vimy Ridge to Arras", by Robinson, P & Cave, N. Published by Pen and Sword, 2011. .
- "XD Operations. Secret British Missions Denying Oil to the Nazis", by Brazier, C. C. H. Published by Pen and Sword, 2004. .
- "Blowing Our Bridges. A Memoir from Dunkirk to Korea via Normandy", by Maj Gen Tony Younger. Published by Pen and Sword, 2004. .
- "Code Name Mulberry. The Planning - Building & Operation of the Normandy Harbours", by Guy Hartcup. Published by Pen and Sword, 2006. .
- "Summon | 22,239 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
up the Blood. The war diary of Corporal J A Womack, Royal Engineers", by Celia Wolfe. Published by Leo Cooper, 1997. .
- "Fight, Dig and Live. The Story of the Royal Engineers in the Korean War", by George Cooper. Published by Pen and Sword, 2011. .
- "Stick & String", by Terence Tinsley. Published by Buckland Publishing, 1992. .
- "Honourable Conquests. An account of the enduring works of the Royal Engineers throughout the Empire", by Smithers, A. J. Published by Leo Cooper, 1991. .
- "Never a Shot in Anger", by Gerald Mortimer. Published by Square One Publications, 1993. .
- "Platoon Commander (Memoirs of a Royal Engineers Officer)", by Peter Steadman. Published by Pentlandite Books, | 22,240 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
2001. .
- "Commander Royal Engineers. The Headquarters of the Royal Engineers at Arnhem", by John Sliz. Published by Travelouge 219, 2013. .
- "The Lonely War. A story of Bomb Disposal in World War II by on who was there", by Eric Wakeling. Published by Square One Publication, 1994. .
- "Bombs & Bobby Traps", by H. J. Hunt. Published by Romsey Medal Centre, 1986. .
- "With the Royal Engineers in the Peninsula & France", by Charles Boothby. Published by Leonaur, 2011. .
- "Inland Water Transport in Mesopotamia", by Lt Col L. J. Hall. Published by Naval & Military Press, 1919. .
- "A Short History of the Royal Engineers", by The Institution of Royal Engineers. Published by The Institution | 22,241 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
of Royal Engineers, 2006. .
- "Don't Annoy The Enemy", by Eric Walker. Published by Gernsey Press Co. ISBN Not on publication.
- "Oh! To be a Sapper", by M. J. Salmon. Published by The Institution of Royal Engineers. .
- "Middle East Movers, Royal Engineers Transportation in the Suez Canal Zone 1947–1956", Hugh Mackintosh. Published by North Kent Books, 2000. .
- "Mediterranean Safari March 1943 - October 1944", by A. P. de T. Daniell. Published by Orphans Press, 2000. .
- "A Sapper's War", by Leonard Watkins. Published by Minerva Press, 1996. .
- "A Game of Soldiers" by C. Richard Eke. Published by Digaprint Ltd, 1997. .
- "Wrong Again Dan! Karachi to Krakatoa", by Dan Raschen RE. Published | 22,242 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
by Buckland Publications, 1983. .
- "Send Port & Pyjamas!", by Dan Raschen RE. Published by Buckland Publications, 1987. .
- "Highly Explosive, The Exploits of Major Bill Hartley MBE GM late of Bomb Disposal", by John Frayn Turner. Published by George G. Harappa & Co Ltd, 1967. ISBN Not on Publication.
- "Sapper Martin, The Secret War Diary of Jack Martin", by Richard Van Emden. Published by Bloomsbury, 2009. .
- "The History of Central Volunteer Headquarters Royal Engineers" by Col GF Edwards TD, an Inst RE publication
- "Drainage Manual - Revised Edition", 1907, by Locock and Tyndale.
# External links.
- Official Royal Engineers Site
- Institution of Royal Engineers
- Royal Engineers | 22,243 |
269769 | Royal Engineers | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Royal%20Engineers | Royal Engineers
al Engineers Site
- Institution of Royal Engineers
- Royal Engineers – Continuous Professional Development
- Royal Engineers Association
- Royal Engineers Museum, Library and Archive
- Royal Engineers Band
- The Royal Engineers in Halifax: Photographing the Garrison City, 1870–1885
- Airborne Engineers Association
- Find sappers past and present http://www.sapperco.uk//
- Royal Engineers Companies 1944 - 1945 at www.BritishMilitaryHistory.co.uk
[[Category:British administrative corps]]
[[Category:Military engineer corps]]
[[Category:Chatham, Kent]]
[[Category:Corps of Royal Engineers| ]]
[[Category:Organisations based in Kent]]
[[Category:1716 establishments in Great Britain]] | 22,244 |
1804451 | Sir Frank Whittle Medal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sir%20Frank%20Whittle%20Medal | Sir Frank Whittle Medal
Sir Frank Whittle Medal
The Sir Frank Whittle Medal is awarded annually by the Royal Academy of Engineering to an engineer,
normally resident in the United Kingdom, for outstanding and sustained achievement which has contributed to the well-being of the nation. The field of activity in which the medal is awarded changes annually.
Named after Sir Frank Whittle, the award was instituted in 2001.
Previous winners: | 22,245 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
List of places in Shropshire
This is a list of towns and villages in the ceremonial county of Shropshire, England. This list includes those places in Telford and Wrekin. Those with town status are shown in bold.
# A.
- Abbey Green, Abcott, Abdon, Ackleton, Acton Burnell, Acton Pigott, Acton Reynald, Acton Round, Acton Scott, Acton, Shropshire, Adderley, Adeney, Admaston, Alberbury, Albrighton, Bridgnorth, Albrighton, Shrewsbury and Atcham, Alcaston, Alderton, Aldon, Ale Oak, Alkington, All Stretton, Allscot, Alveley, Anchor, Angelbank, Annscroft, Apley Forge, Argoed, Arleston, Arscott, Ashfield, Ashfields, Ashford Bowdler, Ashford Carbonel, Ash Magna, Ash Parva, Asterley, Asterton, Astley | 22,246 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
Abbotts, Astley, Aston Botterell, Aston Eyre, Aston Pigott, Aston Rogers, Aston on Clun, Aston, Shropshire, Atcham, Atterley, Aqueduct, Alveston
# B.
- Babbinswood, Bache Mill, Bache, Back Brook, Badger, Bagginswood, Bagley Marsh, Bagley, Balmer Heath, Bankshead, Barkers Green, Barnsley, Barrow, Baschurch, Battlefield, Bayston Hill, Beambridge, Beckbury, Beckjay, Bedlam, Bedstone, Benthall, Bentlawnt, Beobridge, Berrington, Betchcott, Betton, Betton Strange, Bettws-y-Crwyn, Bicton, Bicton, South Shropshire, Billingsley, Bings Heath, Birtley, Bishop's Castle, Bitterley, Bletchley, Bomere Heath, Boningale, Boraston, Boscobel, Botvyle, Bouldon, Bowbrook, Bradeley Green, Brandhill, Breaden Heath, | 22,247 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
Bridgnorth, Broadward, Brockton, Bromfield, Brompton, Bronygarth, Broome, Broomfields, Broughall, Broseley, Brown Heath, Bucknell, Buildwas, Burcote, Burford, Burlton, Burwarton, Bushmoor, Buttonoak
# C.
- Cabin, Calcott, Calverhall, Cantlop, Cardeston, Cardington, Castle Pulverbatch, Caynham, Cefn Einion, Chadwell, Chapel Lawn, Chelmarsh, Cheney Longville, Cherrington, Cheswardine, Cheswell, Chetton, Chetwynd, Child's Ercall, Chipnall, Chirbury, Church Aston, Church Preen, Church Pulverbatch, Church Stretton, Churchmoor, Claverley, Clee St. Margaret, Cleehill, Cleobury Mortimer, Cleobury North, Clive, Clun, Clunbury, Clungunford, Clunton, Coalbrookdale, Coalport, Cockshutt, Colebatch, Colemere, | 22,248 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
Comley, Condover, Coppicegate, Coreley, Corfton, Cosford, Coton, Coton Hill, Cound, Crackleybank, Craven Arms, Cressage, Cross Houses, Crossgreen, Cruckmeole, Cruckton, Crudgington, Culmington, Cwm Head, Crickheath
# D.
- Dawley, Ditton Priors, Doddington, Donnington, Dorrington, Dorrington Lane, Drayton, Donnington Wood, Dudleston Heath (Criftins), Dunnington
# E.
- Eaton, Eaton Constantine, Eaton-under-Heywood, Eaton Mascott, Eaton-upon-Tern, Edgmond, Edgton, Edstaston, Ellesmere, Enchmarsh, English Frankton, Ercall Magna
# F.
- Farlow, Fauls Green, Felindre, Fitz, Ford, Foxholes
# G.
- Gobowen, Grafton, Granville, Gravenhunger, Great Ness, Great Soudley, Grindley Brook, Grinshill
# | 22,249 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
H.
- Habberley, Hadley, Hadnall, Hamperley, Halfway House, Hampton Loade, Hanwood, Harmer Hill, Haughmond Hill, Haughton, Hawkstone, High Ercall, Higher Heath, Highley, Hinstock, Hinton, Hobarris, Hodnet, Holdgate, Hollinwood, Hollinswood, Hook-a-Gate, Hopesay, Hopton Castle, Hopton Wafers, Horsebridge, Horsehay
# I.
- Ightfield, Ironbridge, Isombridge
# J.
- Jackfield
# K.
- Ketley, Kinlet, Kinton, Kynnersley, *Knighton, Knowbury, Knowle, Knockin, Kinnerley
"NB: The town of Knighton is partly in Shropshire, partly in Powys."
# L.
- Leamoor Common, Leaton, Leebotwood, Lee Brockhurst, Linley, Little Brampton, Little Ness, Little Stretton, Little Wenlock, Lilleshall, Little Soudley, | 22,250 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
Llanfair Waterdine, Llanyblodwel, *Llanymynech, Llynclys, Lockleywood, Longden, Longdon-on-Tern, Longford, Market Drayton, Longford, Newport, Loppington, Lowe, Lower Heath, Ludford, Ludlow, Lydbury North, Lydham, Lyneal
"NB: The village of Llanymynech is partly in Shropshire, partly in Powys."
# M.
- Madeley, Maesbrook, Maesbury, Mainstone, Market Drayton, Marshbrook, Marton, Melverley, Merrington, Middleton Baggot, Middleton Priors, Minsterley, Minton, Montford, Montford Bridge, Morda, More, Moreton Corbet, Moreton Say, Much Wenlock, Myddle, Muxton
# N.
- Neen Savage, Neen Sollars, Neenton, Nesscliffe, Newcastle (on Clun), New Invention, Newport, Newtown, Norbury, Northwood
# O.
- Oakengates, | 22,251 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
Obley, Old Woods, Ollerton, Oreton, Osbaston, Oswestry, Osbaston, Telford, Oswestry, Overton
# P.
- Pant, Patton, Pave Lane, Peaton, Peatonstrand, Pennerley, Pentreheyling, Picklescott, Pimhill, Plaish, Plowden, Plox Green, Pontesbury, Pontesford, Prees, Prees Green, Preston Gubbals, Priestweston, Priors Holt, Priorslee, Pulverbatch, Purslow
# Q.
- Quatford, Quatt, Quabbs, Quina Brook
# R.
- Ratlinghope, *Richard's Castle, Rockhill, Roden, Rodington, Rodington Heath, Rorrington, Ruyton-XI-Towns, Rugeley
"NB: The village of Richard's Castle is partly in Shropshire, partly in Herefordshire."
# S.
- St Martin's, St George's, Shawbury, Shelve, Sheriffhales, Shifnal, Shrawardine, Shrewsbury, | 22,252 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
Sibdon Carwood, Skyborry, Smethcott, Snailbeach, Sponsbury, Stanton Lacy, Stanton Long, Stanton upon Hine Heath, Steel Heath, Stiperstones, Stirchley, Stokesay, Stoke Heath, Stoke St. Milborough, Stoke upon Tern, Stottesdon, Stretton Westwood, Snedshill, Selattyn
# T.
- Telford, Ternhill, Tibberton, Ticklerton, Tilley, Tilstock, Tong, Treflach, Trefonen, Twitchen, Trench
# U.
- Uckington, Uffington, Upper Affcot, Upper Battlefield, Uppington, Upton Magna
# V.
- Vennington
# W.
- Walcot, Walford, Waterloo, Wellington, Welshampton, Welsh Frankton, Wem, Wentnor, West Felton, Westbury, Weston Lullingfields, Weston Rhyn, Weston-under-Redcastle, Wettles, Wheathill, Whitchurch, Whitcot, Whitcott | 22,253 |
1804449 | List of places in Shropshire | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List%20of%20places%20in%20Shropshire | List of places in Shropshire
refonen, Twitchen, Trench
# U.
- Uckington, Uffington, Upper Affcot, Upper Battlefield, Uppington, Upton Magna
# V.
- Vennington
# W.
- Walcot, Walford, Waterloo, Wellington, Welshampton, Welsh Frankton, Wem, Wentnor, West Felton, Westbury, Weston Lullingfields, Weston Rhyn, Weston-under-Redcastle, Wettles, Wheathill, Whitchurch, Whitcot, Whitcott Keysett, Whittingslow, Whittington, Whixall, Winding River, Wistanstow, Wistanswick, Withington, Wixhill, Wollaston, Woofferton, Woolstaston, Woolston (near Oswestry), Woolston (near Church Stretton and Craven Arms), Woore, Worfield, Worthen, Wrentnall, Wrockwardine, Wrockwardine Wood, Wroxeter, Wyken, Wykey
# Y.
- Yeaton, Yockleton, Yorton | 22,254 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
Don Knotts
Jesse Donald Knotts (July 21, 1924February 24, 2006) was an American actor and comedian, best known for his role as Deputy Sheriff Barney Fife on "The Andy Griffith Show", a 1960s sitcom for which he earned five Emmy Awards, and for his role as Ralph Furley on the highly rated sitcom "Three's Company" from 1979 to 1984. He also starred in multiple comedic films, including playing Luther Heggs in "The Ghost and Mr. Chicken" (1966) and Henry Limpet in "The Incredible Mr. Limpet" (1964). In 1979 "TV Guide" ranked him #27 on its 50 Greatest TV Stars of All Time list.
# Early life.
Jesse Donald Knotts was born in Morgantown, West Virginia, the youngest of four sons born to farmer William | 22,255 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
Jesse Knotts and his wife, Elsie Luzetta Knotts ("née" Moore). His parents were married in Spraggs, Pennsylvania. His English paternal ancestors emigrated to America in the 17th century, originally settling in Queen Anne's County, Maryland. Knotts' brothers were named Willis, William, and Ralph.
Don's mother was 40 at the time of his birth and his father suffered from mental illness; he had a nervous breakdown due to the stress of Don's birth. Afflicted with schizophrenia and alcoholism, he sometimes terrorized Don with a knife, causing Don to turn inward at an early age. The elder Knotts died of pneumonia when Don was 13 years old. Don and his three brothers were then raised by their mother, | 22,256 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
who ran a boarding house in Morgantown. She died in 1969 at age 84. Her son William preceded her in death in 1941 at age 31. They are buried in the family plot at Beverly Hills Memorial Park in Morgantown. Don graduated from Morgantown High School. After enlisting in the United States Army
and serving in World War II, Don earned a bachelor's degree in education with a minor in speech from West Virginia University in Morgantown, graduating in 1948. He was a member of Phi Sigma Kappa fraternity and Alpha Psi Omega Honor Society while at WVU.
# Career.
## Early career.
Before he entered high school, Knotts began performing as a ventriloquist and comedian at various church and school functions. | 22,257 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
After high school, he traveled to New York City to try to make his way as a comedian, but returned home to attend West Virginia University when his career failed to take off. After his college freshman year, Knotts joined the U.S. Army and spent most of his service entertaining troops. He toured the western Pacific Islands as a comedian as part of a G.I. variety show called "Stars and Gripes".
His ventriloquist act included a dummy named Danny "Hooch" Matador. In a "TV Guide" magazine interview in the 1970s, he said that he had grown tired of playing straight man for a hunk of wood when he was in the Army. According to Knotts, he tossed the dummy overboard off a ship in the South Pacific.
Knotts | 22,258 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
served in the U.S. Army from June 21, 1943 to January 6, 1946. Discharged in the rank of Technician Grade 5, which was the equivalent then of a Corporal. During his military service, Knotts was awarded the World War II Victory Medal, Philippine Liberation Medal, Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal (with 4 bronze service stars), Army Good Conduct Medal, Marksman Badge (with an M1 Carbine) and Honorable Service lapel pin.
Knotts returned to West Virginia University after being demobilized and graduated in 1948. He married and moved back to New York, where connections he had made while in the Special Services Branch helped him break into show business. In addition to doing stand-up comedy at clubs, | 22,259 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
he appeared on the radio, eventually playing the wisecracking, know-it-all character "Windy Wales" on a radio western called "Bobby Benson and the B-Bar-B Riders".
Knotts got his first major break on television in the soap opera "Search for Tomorrow" where he appeared from 1953 to 1955. He came to fame in 1956 on Steve Allen's variety show, as part of Allen's repertory company, most notably in Allen's mock "Man in the Street" interviews, always as an extremely nervous man. He remained with the Allen program through the 1959–1960 season. From October 20, 1955 through September 14, 1957, Knotts appeared in the Broadway play version of "No Time for Sergeants", in which he played two roles, listed | 22,260 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
on the playbill as a Corporal Manual Dexterity and a Preacher. In 1958, Knotts appeared for the first time on film with Andy Griffith in the film version of "No Time for Sergeants". In that film, Knotts reprises his Broadway role and plays a high-strung Air Force test administrator whose routine is disrupted by the hijinks of a provincial new recruit.
## "The Andy Griffith Show".
In 1960, Andy Griffith was offered the opportunity to headline his own sitcom, "The Andy Griffith Show" (1960–1968). Knotts took the role of Barney Fife, the deputy—and originally cousin—of Sheriff Andy Taylor (portrayed by Griffith). Knotts's portrayal of the deputy on the popular show earned him five Emmy Awards | 22,261 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
for Best Supporting Actor in a Television Comedy, three awards for the first five seasons that he played the character.
A summary of the show from the website of the Museum of Broadcast Communications describes Deputy Barney Fife:
When the show first aired, Griffith was intended to be the comedic lead with Knotts as his straight man, similar to their roles in "No Time for Sergeants". However, it was quickly discovered that the show was funnier with the roles reversed. As Griffith maintained in several interviews, "By the second episode, I knew that Don should be funny, and I should play straight."
Knotts believed remarks by Griffith that "The Andy Griffith Show" would end after five seasons, | 22,262 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
and he began to look for other work, signing a five-film contract with Universal Studios. He was caught off guard when Griffith announced that he would continue the show after all, but Knotts's hands were tied. In his autobiography, Knotts admitted that he had not yet signed a contract when Griffith announced his decision; but he had made up his mind to move on, believing he would not get the chance again. Knotts left the series in 1965. His character's absence on the show was explained by Deputy Fife's having finally made the "big time," joining the Raleigh, North Carolina police force.
## Post-Mayberry film career.
Knotts went on to star in a series of film comedies that drew on his high-strung | 22,263 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
persona from the television series: he had a cameo appearance in United Artists' "It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World" (1963), and starred in Warner Bros.' "The Incredible Mr. Limpet" (1964). Knotts then began his Universal five-film contract with "The Ghost and Mr. Chicken" (1966), "The Reluctant Astronaut" (1967), "The Shakiest Gun in the West" (1968), "The Love God?" (1969) and "How to Frame a Figg" (1971). Knotts reprised his role as Barney Fife several times in the 1960s: he made five guest appearances on "The Andy Griffith Show" (gaining him another two Emmy Awards), and he later appeared once on the spin-off "Mayberry RFD", where he was present as best man for the marriage of Andy Taylor | 22,264 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
and his longtime love, Helen Crump.
After making "How to Frame a Figg", Knotts' five-film contract with Universal finished. He continued to work steadily, though he did not appear as a regular on any successful television series until his appearance on "Three's Company" in 1979. In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Knotts served as the spokesman for Dodge trucks and was featured prominently in a series of print ads and dealer brochures. On television, he went on to host a variety show/sitcom hybrid on NBC, "The Don Knotts Show", which aired Tuesdays during the fall of 1970, but the series was low-rated and short-lived. He also made frequent guest appearances on other shows such as "The Bill Cosby | 22,265 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
Show" and "Here's Lucy". In 1970, appeared as a Barney Fife-like police officer in the pilot of "The New Andy Griffith Show". In 1972, Knotts voiced an animated version of himself in two episodes of "The New Scooby Doo Movies": "The Spooky Fog of Juneberry", in which he played a lawman resembling Barney Fife, and "Guess Who's Knott Coming to Dinner". He also appeared as Felix Unger in a stage version of Neil Simon's "The Odd Couple", with Art Carney as Oscar Madison.
Beginning in 1975, Knotts was teamed with Tim Conway in a series of slapstick films aimed at children, including the Disney film "The Apple Dumpling Gang" (1975) and its sequel, "The Apple Dumpling Gang Rides Again" (1979). They | 22,266 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
also did two independent films, the boxing comedy "The Prize Fighter" (1979), and the mystery comedy "The Private Eyes" (1980). Knotts co-starred in several other Disney films, including "Gus" (1976), "No Deposit, No Return" (1976), "Herbie Goes to Monte Carlo" (1977) and "Hot Lead and Cold Feet" (1978).
## "Three's Company".
In 1979, Knotts returned to series television in his second most identifiable role, the wacky-but-lovable landlord Ralph Furley on "Three's Company". The series, which was already an established hit, added Knotts to the cast when the original landlords, Helen Roper and her husband Stanley Roper (a married couple played by Audra Lindley and Norman Fell, respectively) left | 22,267 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
the series to star in their own short-lived spin-off series ("The Ropers").
On set, Knotts easily integrated himself to the already-established cast who were, as John Ritter put it, "so scared" of Knotts because of his star status when he joined the cast. When Suzanne Somers left the show after a contract dispute in 1981, the writers started giving the material meant for Somers's Crissy to Knotts's Furley. Knotts remained on the series until it ended in 1984. The "Three's Company" script supervisor, Carol Summers, became Knotts's agent and often accompanied him to personal appearances.
## Later years.
In 1986, Don Knotts reunited with Andy Griffith in the made-for-television film "Return | 22,268 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
to Mayberry", again reprising his Barney Fife role. In early 1987, Knotts joined the cast of the first-run syndication comedy "What a Country!", playing Principal Bud McPherson for the series' remaining 13 episodes. The sitcom was produced by Martin Rips and Joseph Staretski, who had previously worked on "Three's Company". In 1988, Knotts joined Andy Griffith in another show, playing the recurring role of pesky neighbor Les Calhoun on "Matlock" until 1992.
After that, Knotts's roles were sporadic, including a cameo appearance in the film "Big Bully" (1996) as the principal of the high school. In 1998, Knotts played a small but pivotal role as a mysterious TV repairman in "Pleasantville". That | 22,269 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
year, his home town of Morgantown, West Virginia, changed the name of the street formerly known as "South University Avenue" (U.S. Route 119) to "Don Knotts Boulevard" on "Don Knotts Day." Also that day, in honor of Knotts's role as Barney Fife, he was named an honorary deputy sheriff with the Monongalia County Sheriff's Department.
Knotts was recognized in 2000 with a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. He continued to act on stage, but much of his film and television work after 2000 was as voice talent. In "Ghost World" (2001), Enid (Thora Birch) is asked why she painted a portrait of Don Knotts. She replies, "I just like Don Knotts." The portrait in the film may be the last visual image | 22,270 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
of Knotts in a motion picture. In 2002, he appeared again with Scooby-Doo in the video game "Scooby-Doo! Night of 100 Frights". (Knotts also spoofed his appearances on that show in various promotions for Cartoon Network and in a parody on "Robot Chicken", where he was teamed with Phyllis Diller.) In 2003, Knotts teamed up with Tim Conway again to provide voices for the direct-to-video children's series "Hermie and Friends", which continued until his death. In 2005, he was the voice of Mayor Turkey Lurkey in "Chicken Little" (2005), his first Disney movie since 1979. On September 12, 2003, Knotts was in Kansas City in a stage version of "On Golden Pond" when he received a call from John Ritter's | 22,271 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
family telling him that his former "Three's Company" co-star had died of an aortic dissection that day. Knotts and his co-stars attended the funeral four days later. Knotts had appeared with Ritter one final time in a cameo on "8 Simple Rules for Dating My Teenage Daughter". It was an episode that paid homage to their earlier television series. Knotts was the last "Three's Company" star to work with Ritter.
During this period of time, macular degeneration in both eyes caused the otherwise robust Knotts to become virtually blind. His live appearances on television were few. In 2005, Knotts parodied his Ralph Furley character while playing a Paul Young variation in a "Desperate Housewives" sketch | 22,272 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
on "The 3rd Annual TV Land Awards". He parodied that part one final time in "Stone Cold Crazy", an episode of the sitcom "That '70s Show". In the show, Knotts played Fez and Jackie's new landlord. This was his last live-action television appearance. His final role was in "Air Buddies" (2006) (a direct-to-video sequel to "Air Bud"), voicing the sheriff's deputy dog, Sniffer.
# Personal life.
Knotts was married three times. His marriage to Kathryn Metz lasted from 1947 until their divorce in 1964. He married Loralee Czuchna in 1974 and they divorced in 1983. His third marriage was to Frances Yarborough, from 2002 until his death in 2006. From his first marriage, Knotts had a son, Thomas Knotts, | 22,273 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
and a daughter, actress Karen Knotts (born April 2, 1954).
Knotts struggled with hypochondria and macular degeneration. Betty Lynn, one of Knotts' co-stars on "The Andy Griffith Show", described him as a "very quiet man. Very sweet. Nothing like Barney Fife." TV writer Mark Evanier called him "the most beloved person in all of show business."
# Death.
Knotts died at age 81 on February 24, 2006, at the Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in Los Angeles, California from pulmonary and respiratory complications of pneumonia related to lung cancer. He had been undergoing treatment at Cedars-Sinai Medical Center in the months before his death, but he returned home after he had reportedly been feeling better. | 22,274 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
His body was buried at Westwood Memorial Park in Los Angeles.
Knotts' obituaries cited him as a major influence on other entertainers. In early 2011, his grave's plain granite headstone was replaced with a bronze plaque that lists several of Knotts' movie and television roles. A statue honoring Knotts was unveiled on July 23, 2016 in front of The Metropolitan Theatre on High Street in his hometown of Morgantown, West Virginia.
# Filmography.
## Film.
- "No Time for Sergeants" (1958) as Cpl. John C. Brown
- "Wake Me When It's Over" (1960) as Sgt. Percy Warren
- "The Last Time I Saw Archie" (1961) as Captain Harry Little
- "It's a Mad, Mad, Mad, Mad World" (1963) as the nervous motorist
- | 22,275 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
"Move Over, Darling" (1963) as Shoe Clerk
- "The Incredible Mr. Limpet" (1964) as Henry Limpet
- "The Ghost and Mr. Chicken" (1966) as Luther Heggs
- "The Reluctant Astronaut" (1967) as Roy Fleming
- "The Shakiest Gun in the West" (1968) as Dr. Jesse W. Heywood
- "The Love God?" (1969) as Abner Audubon Peacock IV
- "How to Frame a Figg" (1971) as Hollis Alexander Figg
- "The Apple Dumpling Gang" (1975) as Theodore Ogelvie
- "No Deposit, No Return" (1976) as Bert
- "Gus" (1976) as Coach Venner
- "Herbie Goes to Monte Carlo" (1977) as Wheely Applegate
- "Mule Feathers" (1977) as Narrator / The Mule (voice)
- "Hot Lead and Cold Feet" (1978) as Sheriff Denver Kid
- "The Apple Dumpling | 22,276 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
Gang Rides Again" (1979) as Theodore
- "The Prize Fighter" (1979) as Shake
- "The Private Eyes" (1980) as Inspector Winship
- "Cannonball Run II" (1984) as CHP Officer #2
- "Pinocchio and the Emperor of the Night" (1987) as Gee Willikers (voice)
- "Big Bully" (1996) as Principal Kokelar
- "Cats Don't Dance" (1997) as T.W. Turtle (voice)
- "Pleasantville" (1998) as TV Repairman
- "Tom Sawyer" (2000) as Muff Potter (voice)
- "Ghost World" (2001) as himself in a portrait
- "Chicken Little" (2005) as Mayor Turkey Lurkey (voice)
- "Air Buddies" (2006) as Sniffer (voice; final film role)
## Television.
- "Search for Tomorrow" (1953–1955)
- "The Steve Allen Show" (1956–1960) as Himself
- | 22,277 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
"The Garry Moore Show" (4 episodes 1962–1964) as himself
- "McHale's Navy" (Season 4, Episode 25) as Lt. Pratt
- "The Joey Bishop Show" (TV series) (1961–1965) (1 episode 1964) as Barney Fife
- "The Red Skelton Show" (TV series) (5 episodes 1951–1971), (1961–1965) as Commodore of Lagoons / 'Steady Fingers' Ferguson / Horaces Horatio / Mr. Pallid / Herbie
- "The Many Loves of Dobie Gillis" (1960) as Esmond Metzger
- "The Andy Griffith Show" (1960–1968) as Barney Fife
- "The New Steve Allen Show" (1961–1963) as Regular
- "The Jerry Lewis Show" (1 episode 1963) as Himself
- "38th Academy Awards" (1966) (TV) himself co-presenter
- "The Don Knotts Special" (1967) (TV) himself host/performer
- | 22,278 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
"The Hollywood Palace" (1 episode #7.17 1970) as Himself
- "The Don Knotts Show" (1970–1971) as Himself – Host
- "Don Knotts' Nice Clean, Decent, Wholesome Hour" (1970) as Himself – Host / Performer
- "The Man Who Came to Dinner" (1972) as Dr. Bradley
- "The New Scooby-Doo Movies" (2 episodes 1972) (TV) as Himself (voice)
- "The Flip Wilson Show" (1970–74) (TV) (2 episodes 1972–1973) as Himself
- "" (1973) (TV) as Himself
- "I Love a Mystery" (1973) as Alexander Archer
- "Here's Lucy" (TV series) (1968–1974) (1 episode 1973) as Ben Fletcher
- "Hollywood Squares" (4 episodes, 1974–1977) as Himself – Panelist
- "Steve Allen's Laugh Back" (1975)
- "The Captain & Tennille Show" (1976–1977) | 22,279 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
as Himself (recurring guest)
- "The Muppet Show" (1977) as Himself – Special Guest Star
- "Fantasy Island" (1978–1979) as Felix Birdsong / Stanley Scheckter
- "The Love Boat" (1979) as Herb Grobecker / Devon King
- "Three's Company" (1979–1984) as Ralph Furley
- "George Burns Comedy Week" (1985) as Himself
- "Return to Mayberry" (1986) as Barney Fife
- "What a Country!" (1987) as F. Jerry 'Bud' McPherson
- "The Little Troll Prince" (1987) as Professor Nidaros (voice)
- "Matlock" (1987–1992) as Les Calhoun
- "Newhart" (TV series) (1982–1990) (1 episode Iron 1990) as Iron
- "" (1991) as Titus (voice)
- "Andy Griffith Show Reunion" (1993) (TV) as Himself
- "Burke's Law" (1 episode | 22,280 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
1994)
- "Step by Step" (TV series) (1991–1998) (1 episode 1993) as Deputy Feif
- "" (TV series) (2 episodes, 1997–1998) as Additional Voices (voice)
- "E! True Hollywood Story" (1 episode 1998) as Himself
- "Late Night with Conan O'Brien" (1 episode 1999) as Himself
- "Jingle Bells" (1999) as Kris (voice)
- "Quints" (2000) as Governor Healy
- "" (2000) as Himself
- "Biography TV Documentary" (1987–present) (2 episodes 2000–2002) as Himself
- "Biography " (2002) as Himself
- "" (2002) as Himself
- "Odd Job Jack" (2003) as Dirk Douglas
- "8 Simple Rules" (2003) as Himself
- "Larry King Live" (TV series) (1985–2010) (1 episode 2003) as Himself
- "The Andy Griffith Show Reunion Back | 22,281 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
to Mayberry" (2003) (TV) as Himself / Barney Fife
- "TV Lands Top Ten" (2004) (1 episode) as Himself
- "Johnny Bravo" (cartoon series), episode "Johnny Makeover" (2004) as Don Knotts (voice)
- "That '70s Show" (2005) as The Landlord
- "Las Vegas" (2005) as Himself
- "The 3rd Annual TV Land Awards" (2005) (TV) as Paul Young (segment "Desperate Classic Housewives")
- "Robot Chicken" (cartoon series) (2005) as Himself
- "Hatching Chicken Little" (2006) as Himself
- "" (2006) as Himself
## Video games.
- "Scooby-Doo! Night of 100 Frights" (2002)
## Animation videos.
- "Hermie and Friends" (2003–06)
# Further reading.
- The Andy Griffith Show from the Museum of Broadcast Communications
- | 22,282 |
269774 | Don Knotts | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%20Knotts | Don Knotts
ice)
- "That '70s Show" (2005) as The Landlord
- "Las Vegas" (2005) as Himself
- "The 3rd Annual TV Land Awards" (2005) (TV) as Paul Young (segment "Desperate Classic Housewives")
- "Robot Chicken" (cartoon series) (2005) as Himself
- "Hatching Chicken Little" (2006) as Himself
- "" (2006) as Himself
## Video games.
- "Scooby-Doo! Night of 100 Frights" (2002)
## Animation videos.
- "Hermie and Friends" (2003–06)
# Further reading.
- The Andy Griffith Show from the Museum of Broadcast Communications
- Klin, Richard. "Fife and Drum". "Flagpole", 2006.
# External links.
- The West Virginia & Regional History Center has a collection of materials related to the career or Don Knotts | 22,283 |
1804437 | Bolmsö | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolmsö | Bolmsö
Bolmsö
Bolmsö is an island located in lake Bolmen near Växjö in Småland. It had 382 inhabitants in 1998.
# History.
It presents 530 ancient remains, including dolmens and cobble-clad graves in various forms, especially large triangular ones. The dominating graves are large barrows from the Iron Age with the addition of stelae, stone circles and a large stone ship. A farm with the name "Hof" reveals that it was once a pagan blót temple (see Temple at Uppsala).
In the Hervarar saga, it is related that Arngrim and his twelve wild sons, who fought against Hjalmar, lived on "Bólmr" and it is believed to refer to Bolmsö. The identification is supported by Saxo Grammaticus who described Arngrim | 22,284 |
1804437 | Bolmsö | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bolmsö | Bolmsö
obble-clad graves in various forms, especially large triangular ones. The dominating graves are large barrows from the Iron Age with the addition of stelae, stone circles and a large stone ship. A farm with the name "Hof" reveals that it was once a pagan blót temple (see Temple at Uppsala).
In the Hervarar saga, it is related that Arngrim and his twelve wild sons, who fought against Hjalmar, lived on "Bólmr" and it is believed to refer to Bolmsö. The identification is supported by Saxo Grammaticus who described Arngrim as a Swedish berserker. Although, according to the later versions, "H" and "U", of Hervarar saga, it was the island "Bolm" in Hålogaland).
# Sources.
- Nationalencyklopedin | 22,285 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Halifax Stanfield International Airport is a Canadian airport in Goffs, a rural area of Halifax, Nova Scotia. It serves Halifax, mainland Nova Scotia and adjacent areas in the neighbouring Maritime provinces. The airport is named in honour of Robert Stanfield, the 17th Premier of Nova Scotia and leader of the federal Progressive Conservative Party of Canada.
The airport, owned by Transport Canada since it was constructed, has been operated since 2000 by the Halifax International Airport Authority (HIAA). It forms part of the National Airports System.
Halifax Stanfield is the 8th busiest airport in Canada by passenger traffic. It handled a total of 4,316,079 | 22,286 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
passengers in 2018 and 84,045 aircraft movements in 2017. It is a hub for Air Canada Express, Cougar Helicopters, Maritime Air Charter, PAL Airlines and SkyLink Express.
# History.
## Background.
An airfield in the West End, known as Chebucto Field, was built as the Halifax Civic Airport by the City of Halifax in 1931. It served as the city's main airport until 1942, when it was closed and converted to an army base. Today Saunders Park, named after the first Halifax airport manager, marks the site. RCAF Station Shearwater subsequently functioned as Halifax's primary airport until the current airport was opened. In October 1945, the City of Halifax asked the federal Department of Transport | 22,287 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
for help choosing a site for a new civil airport.
A key factor was to find a site near Halifax with a minimal number of days per year when fog would affect airport operation. Lucasville was favoured, but after a year of study it was found to have similar average visibility to the frequently foggy airport at Shearwater. A site near Kelly Lake was then scrutinized based on a recommendation by Trans-Canada Air Lines. After two years of monitoring, the site was officially approved in 1954 for construction of a modern, C$5 million airport. The land was purchased by the City of Halifax on April 5, 1955, while the federal Department of Transport was tasked with building the airport.
## Construction | 22,288 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
and early years.
Construction of the new airport began in November 1955. The runways were built by Diamond Construction of Halifax. The modernist terminal building was designed by Gilleland and Strutt, an architecture firm which previously designed a similar-looking terminal at Ottawa.
The new airport was substantially completed in June 1960, and a temporary licence for daytime visual flight rules (VFR) operations was issued that month. An opening gala was held on Dominion Day of 1960, the same day a licence permitting full operations was issued. At 4:50 am on August1, 1960 the first airplane landed there, a Vickers Viscount running the Trans-Canada Airlines Flight 400 between Montreal and | 22,289 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Newfoundland. It was piloted by Halifax native W.E. Barnes. The first overseas flight arrived an hour later, travelling from London en route to Montreal. The airport was formally inaugurated on September 10, 1960 by the Minister of Transport, George Hees. The ultimate cost of construction was about $18 million.
Passenger numbers grew steadily during the first few decades of operation. The passenger terminal was substantially renovated in 1966. A passenger terminal extension opened in July 1976. By 1990, approximately 2,500,000 passengers passed through the airport annually, up from about 180,000 when it first opened. A southern expansion was opened in December 1994 by Minister of Transport | 22,290 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Doug Young, while the check-in area was expanded in 1998.
Owing to the National Airports Policy, announced in 1994, the Halifax International Airport Authority (HIAA) was founded in November 1995. Management of the airport was officially passed from Transport Canada to HIAA on February 1, 2000.
## Operation Yellow Ribbon.
Following the September 11 attacks the airport took part in Operation Yellow Ribbon, commenced to accept United States civilian flights after the Federal Aviation Administration closed down U.S. airspace. Halifax airport took in 47 flights—more flights than any other Canadian airport involved in the operation—carrying about 7,300 passengers—more passengers than any other | 22,291 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Canadian airport involved in the operation other than Vancouver, which registered 8,500. Much of this was because flights that were coming from Europe were told to avoid the major airports in Central Canada, like Toronto Pearson, Montréal-Dorval, and Ottawa Macdonald–Cartier International Airport.
Shortly after the attacks, the airport was advised that as many as 40 to 50 planes would divert to Halifax. In response, runway 15/33 (now 14/32) was shut down to accommodate the parked aircraft. The first diverted aircraft, a United Airlines Boeing 767, arrived at 11:35 am. The number of arriving passengers greatly outstripped the capacity of the airport, which faced processing 7,000–8,000 people | 22,292 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
with an arrivals facility designed to handle 900 per hour. The Halifax municipal government was tasked with providing emergency shelter, food, transportation and care to the stranded travellers, who were housed in city sports complexes and schools, churches, universities, military bases, as well as the homes of private citizens. A memorial ceremony was held in the airport terminal on September 14, 2001.
To honour the people of Gander and Halifax for their support during the operation, Lufthansa named a new Airbus A340-300 "Gander-Halifax" on May 16, 2002. That airplane is listed with the registration D-AIFC, and is the first aircraft of the whole fleet with a city name outside of Germany. On | 22,293 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
September 11, 2006, five years after the attacks, United States Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice visited Halifax airport and delivered a speech of thanks.
## Renaming.
After the December 2003 death of Robert Stanfield, the former Premier of Nova Scotia and federal Leader of the Official Opposition, several proposals were made in Nova Scotia to honour the widely respected politician. In early 2005 the airport's governing board voted to rename the terminal building after Stanfield. The terminal was officially rechristened in a ceremony held on September 9, 2005, when the Stanfield family unveiled a brass memorial plaque in the airport observation floor.
On Friday February 9, 2007 Prime Minister | 22,294 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Stephen Harper arrived at the airport and formally renamed the entire facility from "Halifax International Airport" to "Halifax Robert L. Stanfield International Airport" in a further honour to Stanfield; at that time the terminal name was dropped and reverted to its original status.
# Awards.
Halifax International Airport fared well in the 2005 AETRA survey for passenger satisfaction, produced by the International Air Transport Association (IATA) and Airports Council International. The airport was ranked the best airport in the Americas for the second year in a row, as well as the best airport in the less than 5 million passengers a year category for the third year in a row (worldwide), and | 22,295 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
best domestic airport for the second year in a row.
In March 2007, the airport earned two first-place finishes in the 2006 Airports Council International (ACI) Service Quality Awards held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. For the fourth consecutive year, it ranked first in overall passenger satisfaction for airports worldwide with under five million passengers. In addition, the airport ranked first in the Americas in the new category of Airport People Awards, and second in the best domestic airport worldwide category.
In early 2010, Halifax Stanfield was rated by passengers as the Best Airport in the World in its class (under 5 million) for the seventh year in a row.
In 2011 it won third "Best | 22,296 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International, as well as 3rd "Best Airport by Size" in the 2 to 5 million passenger category.
# Facilities.
## Terminal.
The Air Terminal Building (ATB) was opened in August 1960. It cost about C$4.5 million to construct and, upon opening, included health, immigration and customs facilities for international passengers; a restaurant; a control tower and administrative offices; and two observation decks that projected onto the apron. It was designed by Gilleland and Strutt of Ottawa, in collaboration with C.D. Davidson of Halifax as well as A.W. Ramsey, chief architect at the Department of Transport. The main | 22,297 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
contractor was Ellis-Don. The modern complex contained Nova Scotia's first set of escalators.
Today, the terminal serves over four million passengers per year. The growth experienced in the decades since the airport's construction has necessitated constant renovations, and there is often construction occurring there. Since the HIAA took over management of the airport in 2000, over $200 million has been invested in improvements to the terminal building.
A new international arrivals area, three times larger than the previous one, opened at the north end of the terminal in August 2001. The upper level of this expansion included a space reserved for United States border preclearance facilities | 22,298 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
(see below). A new domestic arrivals hall, accommodating three baggage reclaim belts and a Nova Scotia visitor's centre, officially opened on December 18, 2002. Work also began in 2002 on a significant renovation to the central lobby of the terminal building. This expanded retail and dining space opened as the Airport Square on November 9, 2003. A third-storey public observation deck opened at the same time. A southern terminal expansion was completed in 2005, expanding the departures holdroom, adding three new jet bridges, and creating a dedicated commuter aircraft facility with new ground-loading gates.
In December 2004, U.S. Customs and Border Protection approved Halifax for U.S. border | 22,299 |
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