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269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
preclearance. It took effect in late 2006. HIAA used to be the busiest airport in Canada without U.S. customs preclearance. On September 12, 2007 the airport authority announced the construction of a 2,300 space, five-storey parking garage, which was completed on March 12, 2009.
The terminal now has a total of 32 gate positions, with 13 using airbridges (gates 12, 14–16, 18, 20, 22–24, and 26–28). The remaining gates are ground-loading positions. Gates 22–24 and 26–28 are swing gates: a glassed-in secure corridor allows incoming international passengers and pre-cleared departing US passengers to be segregated from those in the domestic/international departure lounge; when used for US departures, | 22,300 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
these gates are numbered 52–54 and 56–58, respectively. Gates 2 (a-e) to 9 are ground-loading positions dedicated to domestic regional operations. Gates 34 to 46 are ground-loading gate positions for US flights.
## Runways and taxiways.
Halifax Stanfield has had two runways, arranged perpendicular to each other, since opening in 1960. In press releases the airport authority refers to the longer one as the "main runway" and the shorter as the "secondary runway".
All taxiways are wide except for the 50-foot-wide taxiway K.
The airport opened with (using the present-day naming scheme) taxiways A, B (formerly part of A), C, D (section between the apron and the main runway), G, E, F, and H. Then-taxiway | 22,301 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
B and most of taxiway D (now M and D; see below) were constructed in 1982, providing a taxi route paralleling runway 14/32. In 2010, extension of the taxiway system resulted in an increased airside area, creating space for several newly constructed large hangars. Canadian Helicopters, Cougar Helicopters, Gateway Facilities, and IMP Group operate these new hangars along taxiways J and K.
In November 2012, an extension of both ends of runway 05/23 was completed to accommodate larger, wide-body aircraft. This increased its length from to . This increase resulted in the renaming of several taxiways: taxiway B became M, and the end of taxiway A was renamed B. Taxiway F was also extended to meet | 22,302 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
the threshold of runway 23. In 2016 a new apron was constructed off taxiway J to serve primarily as a place to park cargo freighters.
The airport covers a total of 2,372 acres (960 ha) of land.
## Hotel.
As early as the 1980s, the private sector expressed interest in building a hotel next to the airport terminal. Halifax businessman Don Keddy began work on a $25-million hotel in 1990, but the project stalled due to financial problems. Transport Canada demolished the unfinished hotel in 1996.
The airport authority announced on May 13, 2008 that a letter of intent had been signed with New Castle Hotels and Southwest Properties for construction of a 176-room Sheraton hotel. It was estimated | 22,303 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
to cost about $30 million and would have included a fitness centre, swimming pool, conference centre, and dining facilities. In early 2009 the airport authority and the developers jointly agreed to postpone construction of the hotel due to the global economic downturn. In early 2010 the developers pulled out of the deal.
On October 26, 2011 the airport authority announced the construction of an on-site 14-storey, 169-room, Alt Hotel. Linked to both the passenger terminal and the parking garage by an enclosed footbridge, the $27 million building was built by Marco Construction of Halifax and opened in 2013. Operated by Groupe Germain Hospitalité, the hotel includes conference and banquet facilities, | 22,304 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
a fitness centre, a pool, and a 24-hour cafe. It was built with soundproof windows to block aircraft noise.
## Operations.
The airport is served by several fixed-base operators (FBOs), which handle fueling, ground handling, hangarage, catering, etc. They include Air Canada Technical Services, Aircraft Service International, Gateway Facilities, Halifax International Fuel Facility Consortium (HIFFC), Inland Technologies, Innotech-Execaire, PAL Aviation Services, Shell AeroCentre, Strategic Aviation, and Swissport.
Halifax Regional Police provides policing services. Emergency rescue and firefighting services are based in the Combined Services Complex (CSC), which also houses the airport's maintenance | 22,305 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
operations. The C$24-million, building opened in 2010, replacing the previous fire hall (built 1981) as well as the former maintenance garage, which opened with the airport in 1960. The complex includes a fire station, vehicular wash and storage bays, offices, conference rooms, staff rooms, sleeping quarters, and an emergency communications centre. The CSC was the first LEED certified building at the airport.
Halifax International Airport was one of a handful of sites in eastern North America designated an emergency landing site for the Space Shuttle if a launch was aborted following liftoff. The airport kept in contact with Transport Canada and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration | 22,306 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
during each shuttle launch.
## Business park.
The airport is located adjacent to the Aerotech Business Park, a municipally-run business park originally catering towards aviation companies. The zoning has since been changed to allow for other types of companies to locate there. The largest tenants are Pratt & Whitney Canada and L3 Communications.
# Ongoing developments.
Several construction projects are underway at the airport in 2018 and 2019. The largest of these is the expansion of the terminal building through a three-storey extension onto the centre apron. The ground floor will house an expanded security screening area to increase capacity and allow for the implementation of "CATSA Plus", | 22,307 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
the Canadian Air Transport Security Authority's latest checkpoint design, which requires more space. The second floor will house an expanded, double-height passenger holdroom, with additional seating, as well as new dining and retail space.
The airport authority is also increasing security at the terminal by installing anti-ramming bollards, blast-resistant glazing, more security cameras, and new access control features. Lastly, the domestic baggage claim area is being renovated for cosmetic reasons. Ceilings will be raised, column sizes will be reduced, and new flooring will be installed.
The latest airport master plan was published in January 2011. Many of its proposals have since been realised, | 22,308 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
such as construction of an on-site hotel, the southern terminal expansion, and extensions of the main runway. Possible future plans outlined in this document include new taxiways and parking stands, another de-icing area, space for new logistics and aviation services development, and a major expansion of the public road network (partly built) to facilitate development of a large commercial area between the airport and the highway.
On November 15, 2018, transport minister Marc Garneau announced Government of Canada funding, via the National Trade Corridors Fund, toward a $36-million expansion of the airport's air cargo handling facilities. The federal government will contribute $18 million, | 22,309 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
while $5 million will come from the province and $13 million from the airport authority. The expansion will be built on forested land adjacent to the existing cargo area. Construction is expected to begin in 2019.
# Airlines and destinations.
## Charter.
The following companies operate from private hangars or FBOs at the airport:
- Cougar Helicopters
- Maritime Air Charter
- Provincial Airlines (also leases a Beech Super King Air 200 to Emergency Health Services for use as air ambulance when the EHS helicopter is unavailable)
- Sable Aviation
# Incidents and accidents.
- On the night of September 2, 1998, Swissair Flight 111, a scheduled flight from New York City to Geneva, declared | 22,310 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
a pan-pan after the crew noticed smoke in the cockpit. The flight crew attempted to divert to Halifax after dumping fuel, but crashed into the sea at the entrance of St. Margarets Bay, Nova Scotia, about 60 km from the airport. All 229 passengers and crew were killed.
- On October 14, 2004, MK Airlines Flight 1602, a Boeing 747-200F, crashed during takeoff from runway 23. All seven crew members died.
- On March 29, 2015, Air Canada Flight 624 crashed while attempting to land at the airport, shortly after midnight in stormy weather. All 137 passengers and crew survived. The crash cut power to the airport and damaged runway 05's antenna array.
- On November 7, 2018, Sky Lease Cargo Flight 4854, | 22,311 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
a Boeing 747-400F, overran runway 14 while landing and came to a rest near the Old Guysborough Road. All four crew members survived with minor injuries.
# Ground transport.
## Bus.
MetroX route 320 is an express bus service that travels between the city centre and the airport, with intermediate stops at the Dartmouth Bridge Terminal and the suburb of Fall River. The route is operated by Halifax Transit (formerly Metro Transit) and runs all day on both weekdays and weekends.
## Car.
The airport is located at Exit 6 of Highway 102, which connects Halifax to the Trans-Canada Highway. It is a 28-minute drive from Halifax City Hall, the centre of Downtown Halifax. There are numerous car rental | 22,312 |
269784 | Halifax Stanfield International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Halifax%20Stanfield%20International%20Airport | Halifax Stanfield International Airport
y Halifax Transit (formerly Metro Transit) and runs all day on both weekdays and weekends.
## Car.
The airport is located at Exit 6 of Highway 102, which connects Halifax to the Trans-Canada Highway. It is a 28-minute drive from Halifax City Hall, the centre of Downtown Halifax. There are numerous car rental agencies located in the lower level of the airport car park.
Aside from the parking garage connected to the terminal, the airport also offers Park 'N Fly Airport Parking, a long-term parking service owned by Hong Kong company CK Hutchison Holdings.
# See also.
- Atlantic Canada Aviation Museum – located nearby, offering both military and civil aviation exhibits
# Notes.
References | 22,313 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
Luis de Góngora
Luis de Góngora y Argote ("born" Luis de Argote y Góngora) (; 11 July 1561 – 24 May 1627) was a Spanish Baroque lyric poet. Góngora and his lifelong rival, Francisco de Quevedo, are widely considered the most prominent Spanish poets of all time. His style is characterized by what was called "culteranismo", also known as "Gongorismo". This style existed in stark contrast to Quevedo's "conceptismo".
# Biography.
Góngora was born to a noble family in Córdoba, where his father, Francisco de Argote, was "corregidor," or judge. In a Spanish era when purity of Christian lineage (limpieza de sangre) was needed to gain access to education or official appointments, he adopted the surname | 22,314 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
of his mother, Leonor de Góngora. His uncle, Don Franscisco, a prebendary of Córdoba Cathedral, renounced his post in favor of his nephew, who took deacon's orders in 1586.
As a canon associated with this Cathedral, Luis de Góngora traveled on diverse commissions to Navarre, Andalusia and Castile. The cities that he visited included Madrid, Salamanca, Granada, Jaén, and Toledo. Around 1605, he was ordained priest, and afterwards lived at Valladolid and Madrid.
While his circle of admirers grew, patrons were grudging in their admiration. Ultimately, in 1617 through the influence of the Duke of Lerma, he was appointed honorary chaplain to King Philip III of Spain, but did not enjoy the honor | 22,315 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
long.
He maintained a long feud with Francisco de Quevedo, who matched him in talent and wit. Both poets composed lots of bitter, satirical pieces attacking one other, with Quevedo criticizing Góngora's penchant for flattery, his large nose, and his passion for gambling. Quevedo even accused his enemy of sodomy, which was a capital crime in 17th century Spain. In his "Contra el mismo (Góngora)", Quevedo writes of Góngora: "No altar, garito sí; poco cristiano, / mucho tahúr, no clérigo, sí arpía." Góngora's nose, the subject of Quevedo's "A una nariz", begins with the lines: "Érase un hombre a una nariz pegado, / érase una nariz superlativa, / érase una nariz sayón y escriba, / érase un peje | 22,316 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
espada muy barbado".
This angry feud came to a nasty end for Góngora when Quevedo bought the house he lived in for the only purpose of ejecting him from it. In 1626 a severe illness, which seriously impaired the poet's memory, forced him to return to Córdoba, where he died the next year. By then he was broke from trying to obtain positions and win lawsuits for all his relatives.
An edition of his poems was published almost immediately after his death by Juan López de Vicuña; the frequently reprinted edition by Hozes did not appear until 1633. The collection consists of numerous sonnets, odes, ballads, songs for guitar, and of some larger poems, such as the "Soledades" and the "Fábula de Polifemo | 22,317 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
y Galatea" ("Fable of Polyphemus and Galatea") (1612), the two landmark works of the highly refined style called "culteranismo" or "Gongorismo". Miguel de Cervantes, in his "Viaje del Parnaso", catalogued the good and bad poets of his time. He considered Góngora to be one of the good ones.
Velázquez painted his portrait. Numerous documents, lawsuits and satires of his rival Quevedo paint a picture of a man jovial, sociable, and talkative, who loved card-playing and bullfights. His bishop accused him of rarely attending choir, and of praying less than fervently when he did go. Góngora's passion for card-playing ultimately contributed to his ruin. Frequent allusions and metaphors associated with | 22,318 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
card-playing in Góngora's poetry reveal that cards formed part of his daily life. He was often reproached for activities beneath the dignity of a churchman.
# Style.
"Culteranismo" existed in stark contrast with "conceptismo", another movement of the Baroque period which is characterized by a witty style, games with words, simple vocabulary, and conveying multiple meanings in as few words as possible. The best-known representative of Spanish "conceptismo", Francisco de Quevedo, had an ongoing feud with Luis de Góngora in which each criticized the other's writing and personal life.
The word culteranismo blends "culto" ("cultivated") and "luteranismo" ("Lutheranism") and was coined by its opponents | 22,319 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
to present it as a heresy of "true" poetry. The movement aimed to use as many words as possible to convey little meaning or to conceal meaning. "Góngora's poetry is inclusive rather than exclusive", one scholar has written, "willing to create and incorporate the new, literally in the form of neologisms."
Góngora had a penchant for highly Latinate and Greek neologisms, which his opponents mocked. Quevedo lampooned his rival by writing a sonnet, "Aguja de navegar cultos," which listed words from Góngora's lexicon: "He would like to be a culto poet in just one day, / must the following jargon learn: / "Fulgores, arrogar, joven, presiente / candor, construye, métrica, armonía..."" Quevedo actually | 22,320 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
mocked Góngora's style in several sonnets, including "Sulquivagante, pretensor de Estolo." This anti-Gongorist sonnet mocks the unintelligibility of culteranismo and its widespread use of flowery neologisms, including "sulquivagante" (he who plies the seas; to travel without a clear destination); "speluncas" ("caves"); "surculos" (sprouts, scions). He was also the first to write poems imitating the speech of blacks.
Góngora also had a penchant for apparent breaks in syntactical flow, as he overturned the limitations of syntax, making the hyperbaton the most prominent feature of his poetry.
He has been called a man of "unquestioned genius and almost limitless culture, an initiator who enriched | 22,321 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
his language with the vast power, beauty, and scope of a mighty pen." As far away as Peru, he received the praise of Juan de Espinosa Medrano (ca. 1629–1688), who wrote a piece defending Góngora's poetry from criticism called "Apologético en favor de Don Luis de Góngora, Príncipe de los poetas lyricos de España: contra Manuel de Faria y Sousa, Cavallero portugués" (1662).
As Dámaso Alonso has pointed out, Gongora's contribution to the Spanish language should not be underestimated, as he picked up what were in his time obscure or little-used words and used them in his poetry again and again, thereby reviving or popularizing them. Many of these words are quite common today, such as "adolescente", | 22,322 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
"asunto", "brillante", "construir", "eclipse", "emular", "erigir", "fragmento", "frustrar", "joven", "meta", and "porción".
# Works.
Góngora's poems are usually grouped into two blocks, corresponding more or less to two successive poetic stages. His "Fábula de Polifemo y Galatea" ("Fable of Polyphemus and Galatea") and his "Soledades" (1613) are his best-known compositions and the most studied. The "Fábula" is written in royal octaves ("octavas reales") and his "Soledades" is written in a variety of metres and strophes, but principally in stanzas and "silvas" interspersed with choruses.
Góngora's "Fábula de Polifemo y Galatea" (1612) narrates a mythological episode described in Ovid's "Metamorphoses": | 22,323 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
the love of Polyphemus, one of the Cyclops, for the nymph Galatea, who rejects him. In the poem's end, Acis, enamored with Galatea, is turned into a river.
Góngora's "Fábula de Píramo y Tisbe" ("Fable of Pyramus and Thisbe") (1618) is a complex poem that mocks gossiping and avaricious women. Góngora also wrote sonnets concerning various subjects of an amatory, satirical, moral, philosophical, religious, controversial, laudatory, and funereal nature. As well as the usual topics ("carpe diem" etc.) the sonnets include autobiographical elements, describing, for example, the increasing decrepitude and advancing age of the author. In addition, Góngora composed one of his most ambitions works, "El | 22,324 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
Panegírico al Duque de Lerma" (1617), a poem in 79 royal octaves. Cervantes, after reading "El Panegírico", said: "the [work] I most esteem from those I've read of his."
He also wrote plays, which include "La destrucción de Troya", "Las firmezas de Isabela", and the unfinished "Doctor Carlino".
Although Góngora did not publish his works (he had attempted to do so in 1623), manuscript copies were circulated and compiled in cancioneros (songbooks), and anthologies published with or without his permission. In 1627, Juan Lopez Vicuña published "Verse Works of the Spanish Homer", which is also considered very trustworthy and important in establishing the Góngora's corpus of work. Vicuña's work | 22,325 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
was appropriated by the Spanish Inquisition and was later surpassed by an edition by Gonzalo de Hozes in 1633.
# Góngora and the Generation of '27.
The Generation of '27 took its name from the year 1927 in which the tricentennial of Góngora's death, ignored by official academic circles, was celebrated with recitals, avant-garde happenings, and an ambitious plan to publish a new critical edition of his work, as well as books and articles on aspects of his work that had not been fully researched.
The Generation of '27 was the first to attempt to self-consciously revise baroque literature. Dámaso Alonso wrote that Góngora's complex language conveyed meaning in that it created a world of pure | 22,326 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
beauty. Alonso explored his work exhaustively and called Góngora a "mystic of words." Alonso dispelled the notion that Góngora had two separate styles –"simple" and "difficult" poems- that were also divided chronologically between his early and later years. He argued that Góngora's more complex poems built on stylistic devices that had been created in Góngora's early career as a poet. He also argued that the apparent simplicity of some of Góngora's early poems is often deceptive.
Rafael Alberti added his own "Soledad tercera" ("Paráfrasis incompleta"). In 1961, Alberti declared, "I am a visual poet, like all of the poets from Andalusia, from Góngora to García Lorca."
Lorca presented a lecture | 22,327 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
called "La imagen poética en don Luís de Góngora" at the Ateneo in Seville in 1927. In this lecture, Lorca paid Jean Epstein the compliment of comparing the film director with Góngora as an authority on images.
# References in fiction and philosophy.
The philosopher Baruch Spinoza proposed in his "Ethics" (1677) that a man can die before his body stops moving. As an example he mentioned "a Spanish poet who suffered an illness; though he recovered, he was left so oblivious to his past life that he did not believe the tales and tragedies he had written were his own". The historian wrote that "this was probably Góngora, whose works Spinoza possessed, and who lost his memory a year before his | 22,328 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
death".
The narrator of the Captain Alatriste series, a friend of Francisco de Quevedo within the stories, illustrates Góngora's feuding with Quevedo, both by quoting poetry from each as well as describing Quevedo's attitude toward Góngora through the course of the story. Excerpts of poetry from one against the other are included within the story itself and poetry from each is included at the back of some of the books.
Lawrence Durrell in his novel "Clea" (1960), part of "The Alexandria Quartet", includes a passage from the journal of his fictional novelist Pursewarden: "Why should the artist always be trying to saturate the world with his own anguish…emotional Gongorism!"
In Giannina Braschi's | 22,329 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
bilingual novel "Yo-Yo Boing!" (1998) contemporary Latin American poets have a heated debate about Góngora's and Quevedo's role in defining the Spanish empire through their works.
The musical group Dead Can Dance used an English translation of Góngora's "Da bienes Fortuna" as the lyrics for the song "Fortune Presents Gifts Not According to the Book" on their 1990 album Aion.
In the second of the five parts of Roberto Bolaño's novel "2666" (published posthumously in 2004), "The Part about Amalfitano", one of the characters (the poet, whose name is never explicitly stated) quotes a verse from Góngora: "Ande yo caliente y ríase la gente".
# Sources.
- Hennigfeld, Ursula (2008). "Der ruinierte | 22,330 |
269775 | Luis de Góngora | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Luis%20de%20Góngora | Luis de Góngora
quotes a verse from Góngora: "Ande yo caliente y ríase la gente".
# Sources.
- Hennigfeld, Ursula (2008). "Der ruinierte Körper. Petrarkistische Sonette in transkultureller Perspektive." Würzburg: Königshausen & Neumann.
- Spinoza, Baruch (1677/1985). "Ethics". In "The Collected Works of Spinoza", volume 1. Edited and translated by Edwin Curley. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
# External links.
- English translations of some of Góngora's poems
- Góngora website, Brown University Department of Hispanic Studies
- Poems by Góngora
- Luis de Góngora y Argote (1561–1627) (texts of his poems, in Spanish)
- Luis de Góngora y Argote (1561–1627) (texts of his poems, in Spanish) | 22,331 |
1804443 | Wasatch Back | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wasatch%20Back | Wasatch Back
Wasatch Back
The Wasatch Back is a region in the Rocky Mountains in the U.S. state of Utah. It includes such cities as Park City, Heber City, Eden, and Morgan. The name "Wasatch Back" differentiates it from the Wasatch Front, which includes Utah's three most populous cities: Salt Lake City, Ogden, and Provo. The Wasatch Back sits on the eastern side of the Wasatch Range of the Rocky Mountains, while the Wasatch Front sits on the western side. "Wasatch" is a Ute Indian word that means "mountain pass" or "low pass over high range." The Wasatch Back is a very affluent region. Summit County (home to Park City) is one of the wealthiest counties in the United States.
Originally a mining and agricultural | 22,332 |
1804443 | Wasatch Back | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wasatch%20Back | Wasatch Back
n word that means "mountain pass" or "low pass over high range." The Wasatch Back is a very affluent region. Summit County (home to Park City) is one of the wealthiest counties in the United States.
Originally a mining and agricultural region, the Wasatch Back has experienced rapid residential growth through the 1990s and continuing into the 2000s. People have moved there looking to escape the congestion and pollution of the Wasatch Front as well as to enjoy the region's many recreational opportunities, such as skiing, snowboarding, snowmobiling, hiking, boating, and horseback riding. Park City is the site of numerous concerts and festivals, including the world-famous Sundance Film Festival | 22,333 |
1804458 | Sünbül Efendi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sünbül%20Efendi | Sünbül Efendi
Sünbül Efendi
Sünbül Efendi (died 1529 AD in Istanbul) was the founder of the Sunbuliyye Sufi order (also spelt Sunbuli). The Sunbuliyye were a derivative of the Khalwati (also spelt Halveti and Halvetiye ) order.
Sünbül Efendi's successors, the next generations were settled in Nurullah town by Konur, Icel Province around 1550.
The tomb of Sümbül Sinan Efendi is next to the Koca Mustafa Pasha Mosque in Istanbul. The site of his tomb was once his Tekke and is now a mosque. The Tekke itself was once a convent that was abandoned after the conquest of Constantinople and handed over to the Khalwatis by the Sultan to use as a Tekke. Almost all of the sheikhs who sat at the post of grand sheikh of | 22,334 |
1804458 | Sünbül Efendi | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sünbül%20Efendi | Sünbül Efendi
The Tekke itself was once a convent that was abandoned after the conquest of Constantinople and handed over to the Khalwatis by the Sultan to use as a Tekke. Almost all of the sheikhs who sat at the post of grand sheikh of this order are buried at the Tekke, including another noted Sheikh of this order, Merkez Efendi (d.1552) in Yenikapı.
The tomb is frequently visited by Muslims, some of whom consider him to be a saint.
Alternate spellings or transcriptions of this name are: Sümbül Efendi, Sünbül Efendi, Şeyh Sümbül, Sümbül Sinan, and Sünbül Sinan.
Sünbül is the Turkish word for the hyacinth flower.
# External links.
- Official website of Koca Mustafa Pasa Mosque and Sumbul Efendi Cami | 22,335 |
1804464 | Consulting firm | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulting%20firm | Consulting firm
Consulting firm
A consulting or consultancy firm is a business of one or more experts (consultants) that provides professional feedback to an individual or an organization for a fee. The types of firms vary, such as technology and advertising firms.
Consultancy firms target company executives and provide them with consultants, also known as industry-specific specialists and subject-matter experts, usually trained in management or business schools. The deliverable of a consultant is usually advice or a recipe to follow to achieve a company objective, leading to a company project.
More and more consulting firms are complementing the strategic deliverables by providing the means to implement | 22,336 |
1804464 | Consulting firm | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulting%20firm | Consulting firm
the recommendations, either with the consultants themselves or by providing technicians and/or experts. This has opened up new markets for these companies. This is called outsourcing.
Consulting services are part of the tertiary sector and account for several hundred billion dollars in annual revenues. Between 2010 and 2015, the 10 largest consulting firms alone made 170 billion dollars growth revenue and the average annual growth rate is around 4%.
# Segments.
The segmentation of advisory services varies widely across organizations and countries. Categorization is unclear, in part because of the upheavals that have occurred in this industry in recent years.
One approach is to separate services | 22,337 |
1804464 | Consulting firm | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulting%20firm | Consulting firm
into four broad service delivery families, considering the managers they are targeting:
- Services related to the company's overall strategy, which are addressed to the CEO,
- Services related to marketing, communication, sales and public relations, which are addressed to the CMO,
- Services related to management, financial management, taxation, accounting, compliance with regulations, for the CFO,
- Services related to the company's operations, including information technology, intended for operational management, which may be different depending on the industrial sector (technology director, plant managers, operations directors, Research and Development managers), for instance COO and | 22,338 |
1804464 | Consulting firm | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulting%20firm | Consulting firm
CTO.
# Types.
There are different types of Consulting Firms serving different sectors. They mainly fall under the following fields:
- Architecture and Engineering
- Financial services
- Health care
- Hotel and hospitality industry
- Human resources
- Information technology
- Legal
- Management
In addition to the above-mentioned fields, there are consulting firms that serve niche sectors such as
- advertising/marketing/public relations consulting
- environmental consulting
- entertainment/media consulting
- energy consulting
- consulting in politics and the public sector
- real estate consulting
- recycling consulting
# See also.
- Financial services
- Information technology | 22,339 |
1804464 | Consulting firm | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Consulting%20firm | Consulting firm
y mainly fall under the following fields:
- Architecture and Engineering
- Financial services
- Health care
- Hotel and hospitality industry
- Human resources
- Information technology
- Legal
- Management
In addition to the above-mentioned fields, there are consulting firms that serve niche sectors such as
- advertising/marketing/public relations consulting
- environmental consulting
- entertainment/media consulting
- energy consulting
- consulting in politics and the public sector
- real estate consulting
- recycling consulting
# See also.
- Financial services
- Information technology consulting
- Management consulting
- Human resource consulting
- Hospitality industry | 22,340 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
Bornological space
In mathematics, particularly in functional analysis, a bornological space is a type of space which, in some sense, possesses the minimum amount of structure needed to address questions of boundedness of sets and functions, in the same way that a topological space possesses the minimum amount of structure needed to address questions of continuity. Bornological spaces were first studied by Mackey. The name was coined by Bourbaki after , the French word for "bounded".
# Bornological sets.
A bornology on a set "X" is a collection "B" of subsets of "X" such that
- "B" covers "X", i.e. formula_1
- "B" is stable under inclusions, i.e. if "A" ∈ "B" and "A′" ⊆ "A", then "A′" ∈ "B";
- | 22,341 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
"B" is stable under finite unions, i.e. if "B", ..., "B" ∈ "B", then formula_2
Elements of the collection "B" are usually called bounded sets. The pair ("X", "B") is called a bornological set.
A base of the bornology "B" is a subset "B" of "B" such that each element of "B" is a subset of an element of "B".
## Examples.
- For any set "X", the power set of "X" is a bornology.
- For any set "X", the set of finite subsets of "X" is a bornology. Similarly the set of all at most countably infinite subsets is a bornology. More generally: The set formula_3 of all subsets of "X" having cardinality at most formula_4 is a bornology when formula_4 is an infinite cardinal.
- For any topological space | 22,342 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
"X" that is T, the set of subsets of "X" with compact closure is a bornology.
# Bounded maps.
If "B" and "B" are two bornologies over the spaces "X" and "Y", respectively, and if "f : X → Y" is a function, then we say that "f" is a bounded map if it maps "B"-bounded sets in "X" to "B"-bounded sets in "Y". If in addition "f" is a bijection and formula_6 is also bounded then we say that "f" is a bornological isomorphism.
Examples:
- If "X" and "Y" are any two topological vector spaces (they need not even be Hausdorff) and if "f : X → Y" is a continuous linear operator between them, then "f" is a bounded linear operator (when "X" and "Y" have their von-Neumann bornologies). The converse is | 22,343 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
in general false.
Theorems:
- Suppose that "X" and "Y" are locally convex spaces and that "u : X → Y" is a linear map. Then the following are equivalent:
- "u" is a bounded map,
- "u" takes bounded disks to bounded disks,
- For every bornivorous (i.e. bounded in the bornological sense) disk "D" in "Y", formula_7 is also bornivorous.
# Vector bornologies.
If "X" is a vector space over a field "K" then a vector bornology on "X" is a bornology "B" on "X" that is stable under vector addition, scalar multiplication, and the formation of balanced hulls (i.e. if the sum of two bounded sets is bounded, etc.). If in addition "B" is stable under the formation of convex hulls (i.e. the convex hull | 22,344 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
of a bounded set is bounded) then "B" is called a convex vector bornology. And if the only bounded subspace of "X" is the trivial subspace (i.e. the space consisting only of formula_8) then it is called separated. A subset "A" of "X" is called bornivorous if it absorbs every bounded set. In a vector bornology, "A" is bornivorous if it absorbs every bounded balanced set and in a convex vector bornology "A" is bornivorous if it absorbs every bounded disk.
## Bornology of a topological vector space.
Every topological vector space "X" gives a bornology on "X" by defining a subset "B ⊆ X" to be bounded (or von-Neumann bounded), if and only if for all open sets "U ⊆ X" containing zero there exists | 22,345 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
a "r 0" with "B ⊆ r U". If "X" is a locally convex topological vector space then "B ⊆ X" is bounded if and only if all continuous semi-norms on "X" are bounded on "B".
The set of all bounded subsets of "X" is called the bornology or the Von-Neumann bornology of "X".
## Induced topology.
Suppose that we start with a vector space "X" and convex vector bornology "B" on "X". If we let "T" denote the collection of all sets that are convex, balanced, and bornivorous then "T" forms neighborhood basis at 0 for a locally convex topology on "X" that is compatible with the vector space structure of "X".
# Bornological spaces.
In functional analysis, a bornological space is a locally convex topological | 22,346 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
vector space whose topology can be recovered from its bornology in a natural way. Explicitly, a Hausdorff locally convex space "X" with topology formula_9 and continuous dual formula_10 is called a bornological space if any one of the following equivalent conditions holds:
- The locally convex topology induced by the von-Neumann bornology on "X" is the same as formula_9, "X"'s given topology.
- Every convex, balanced, and bornivorous set in "X" is a neighborhood of zero.
- Every bounded semi-norm on "X" is continuous,
- Any other Hausdorff locally convex topological vector space topology on "X" that has the same (von-Neumann) bornology as formula_12 is necessarily coarser than formula_9.
- | 22,347 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
For all locally convex spaces "Y", every bounded linear operator from "X" into "Y" is continuous.
- "X" is the inductive limit of normed spaces.
- "X" is the inductive limit of the normed spaces "X" as "D" varies over the closed and bounded disks of "X" (or as "D" varies over the bounded disks of "X").
- "X" carries the Mackey topology formula_14 and all bounded linear functionals on "X" are continuous.
- "X" has both of the following properties:
- "X" is convex-sequential or C-sequential, which means that every convex sequentially open subset of "X" is open,
- "X" is sequentially bornological or S-bornological, which means that every convex and bornivorous subset of "X" is sequentially | 22,348 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
open.
where a subset "A" of "X" is called sequentially open if every sequence converging to "0" eventually belongs to "A".
## Examples.
The following topological vector spaces are all bornological:
- Any metrisable locally convex space is bornological. In particular, any Fréchet space.
- Any "LF"-space (i.e. any locally convex space that is the strict inductive limit of Fréchet spaces).
- Separated quotients of bornological spaces are bornological.
- The locally convex direct sum and inductive limit of bornological spaces is bornological.
- Fréchet Montel have a bornological strong dual.
## Properties.
- Given a bornological space "X" with continuous dual "X′", then the topology of | 22,349 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
"X" coincides with the Mackey topology τ("X","X′").
- In particular, bornological spaces are Mackey spaces.
- Every quasi-complete (i.e. all closed and bounded subsets are complete) bornological space is barrelled. There exist, however, bornological spaces that are not barrelled.
- Every bornological space is the inductive limit of normed spaces (and Banach spaces if the space is also quasi-complete).
- Let "X"be a metrizable locally convex space with continuous dual formula_10. Then the following are equivalent:
- formula_16 is bornological,
- formula_16 is quasi-barrelled,
- formula_16 is barrelled,
- "X" is a distinguished space.
- If "X" is bornological, formula_19 is a locally | 22,350 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
convex TVS, and "u : X → Y" is a linear map, then the following are equivalent:
- "u" is continuous,
- for every set "B ⊆ X" that's bounded in "X", "u(B)" is bounded,
- If "(x) ⊆ X" is a null sequence in "X" then "(u(x))" is a null sequence in "Y".
- The strong dual of a bornological space is complete, but it need not be bornological.
- Closed subspaces of bornological space need not be bornological.
# Banach disks.
Suppose that "X" is a topological vector space. Then we say that a subset "D" of "X" is a disk if it is convex and balanced. The disk "D" is absorbing in the space "span(D)" and so its Minkowski functional forms a seminorm on this space, which is denoted by formula_20 or by | 22,351 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
"p". When we give "span(D)" the topology induced by this seminorm, we denote the resulting topological vector space by formula_21. A basis of neighborhoods of "0" of this space consists of all sets of the form "r D" where "r" ranges over all positive real numbers. If "D" is Von-Neuman bounded in "X" then the (normed) topology of "X" will be finer than the subspace topology that "X" induces on this set.
This space is not necessarily Hausdorff as is the case, for instance, if we let formula_22 and "D" be the "x"-axis. However, if "D" is a bounded disk and if "X" is Hausdorff, then formula_20 is a norm and "X" is a normed space. If "D" is a bounded sequentially complete disk and "X" is Hausdorff, | 22,352 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
then the space "X" is a Banach space. A bounded disk in "X" for which "X" is a Banach space is called a Banach disk, infracomplete, or a bounded completant.
## Properties.
Suppose that "X" is a locally convex Hausdorff space. If "D" is a bounded Banach disk in "X" and "T" is a barrel in "X" then "T" absorbs "D" (i.e. there is a number "r 0" such that "D ⊆ r T").
## Examples.
- Any closed and bounded disk in a Banach space is a Banach disk.
- If "U" is a convex balanced closed neighborhood of "0" in "X" then the collection of all neighborhoods "r U", where "r 0" ranges over the positive real numbers, induces a topological vector space topology on "X". When "X" has this topology, it is | 22,353 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
denoted by "X_U". Since this topology is not necessarily Hausdorff nor complete, the completion of the Hausdorff space formula_24 is denoted by formula_25 so that formula_25 is a complete Hausdorff space and formula_27 is a norm on this space making formula_25 into a Banach space. The polar of "U", formula_29, is a weakly compact bounded equicontinuous disk in formula_30 and so is infracomplete.
# Ultrabornological spaces.
A disk in a topological vector space "X" is called infrabornivorous if it absorbs all Banach disks. If "X" is locally convex and Hausdorff, then a disk is infrabornivorous if and only if it absorbs all compact disks. A locally convex space is called ultrabornological if | 22,354 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
any of the following conditions hold:
- every infrabornivorous disk is a neighborhood of 0,
- "X" be the inductive limit of the spaces "X" as "D" varies over all compact disks in "X",
- A seminorm on "X" that is bounded on each Banach disk is necessarily continuous,
- For every locally convex space "Y" and every linear map "u : X → Y", if "u" is bounded on each Banach disk then "u" is continuous.
- For every Banach space "Y" and every linear map "u : X → Y", if "u" is bounded on each Banach disk then "u" is continuous.
## Properties.
- The finite product of ultrabornological spaces is ultrabornological.
- Inductive limits of ultrabornological spaces are ultrabornological.
# See also.
- | 22,355 |
1804457 | Bornological space | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bornological%20space | Bornological space
itions hold:
- every infrabornivorous disk is a neighborhood of 0,
- "X" be the inductive limit of the spaces "X" as "D" varies over all compact disks in "X",
- A seminorm on "X" that is bounded on each Banach disk is necessarily continuous,
- For every locally convex space "Y" and every linear map "u : X → Y", if "u" is bounded on each Banach disk then "u" is continuous.
- For every Banach space "Y" and every linear map "u : X → Y", if "u" is bounded on each Banach disk then "u" is continuous.
## Properties.
- The finite product of ultrabornological spaces is ultrabornological.
- Inductive limits of ultrabornological spaces are ultrabornological.
# See also.
- Space of linear maps | 22,356 |
1804483 | Låsby | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Låsby | Låsby
Låsby
Låsby is a small town in the province of Jutland in Denmark with a population of 1,910 (1 January 2014). It is situated on the main road between Silkeborg and Aarhus.
The town is the location of the flagship property of Det Blå Marked (trans. "The Blue Market"), a chain of Danish antique markets, and which is a major tourist attraction, bringing in over half a million visitors to the town every year.
In April 2005 it had its 15 minutes of fame as it became the first place in Denmark to experience the exploding toad phenomenon. | 22,357 |
1804453 | Preston Park railway station | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Preston%20Park%20railway%20station | Preston Park railway station
Preston Park railway station
Preston Park railway station is on the Brighton Main Line in England, serving Preston Village and the northern suburban areas of the city of Brighton and Hove, East Sussex. It is down the line from via and is situated between and .
The station is managed by Southern, which is one of two companies that serve the station, alongside Thameslink. Between 2008 and 2018, Gatwick Express also served Preston Park with a limited number of services at peak times only; these services were withdrawn as part of the May 2018 timetable change.
There are also two spur tracks which run from Preston Park through a tunnel to .
# History.
The London Brighton and South Coast Railway | 22,358 |
1804453 | Preston Park railway station | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Preston%20Park%20railway%20station | Preston Park railway station
opened a new station named "Preston", on 1 November 1869 to serve the growing parish of Preston, then north of the Brighton boundary. The station was enlarged and remodelled to its present design in 1879 during the construction of the Cliftonville Curve spur line from the main line to Hove and the West Sussex coast line. The station was then renamed "Preston Park" although the nearby Preston Park did not exist until 1883.
In 1881 the railway murderer Percy Lefroy Mapleton alighted at the station after having killed Isaac Frederick Gold and dumped his body in Balcombe tunnel.
# Facilities.
The station has a pair of island platforms, linked by a subway; only three platform faces are now in | 22,359 |
1804453 | Preston Park railway station | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Preston%20Park%20railway%20station | Preston Park railway station
operation. The three tracks through the station reduce to two before traversing Patcham Tunnel, almost two miles (3.2 km) further north.
Brighton & Hove Albion Football Club's former home, Withdean Stadium is located a short walk from the station, and for this reason, during its tenancy of the stadium, the club offered free travel vouchers with its match tickets — allowing fans to travel from Brighton to Preston Park without there being an apparent surcharge of the train fare.
# Services.
Trains at Preston Park are operated by Thameslink and Southern. The typical off-peak service from this station is:
- 2 tph to (Thameslink)
- 2 tph to (Thameslink)
- 1 tph to (Southern)
- 1 tph to (Southern)
Additional | 22,360 |
1804453 | Preston Park railway station | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Preston%20Park%20railway%20station | Preston Park railway station
t walk from the station, and for this reason, during its tenancy of the stadium, the club offered free travel vouchers with its match tickets — allowing fans to travel from Brighton to Preston Park without there being an apparent surcharge of the train fare.
# Services.
Trains at Preston Park are operated by Thameslink and Southern. The typical off-peak service from this station is:
- 2 tph to (Thameslink)
- 2 tph to (Thameslink)
- 1 tph to (Southern)
- 1 tph to (Southern)
Additional trains operated by Gatwick Express call at the station during the peak periods as well as additional Thameslink services to and .
# See also.
- Brighton railway station
- Transport in Brighton and Hove | 22,361 |
1804467 | Tomáš Zatloukal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tomáš%20Zatloukal | Tomáš Zatloukal
Tomáš Zatloukal
Tomáš Zatloukal (born August 3, 1969 in Gottwaldov, Czechoslovakia) is a Czech politician and former Member of the European Parliament with the Union of Independents, part of the European People's Party and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Culture and Education.
He was a substitute for the Committee on Budgets and a member of the Delegation to the EU-Kazakhstan, EU-Kyrgyzstan and EU-Uzbekistan Parliamentary Cooperation Committees, and for relations with Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Mongolia.
# Education.
- 1992: Master's degree
# Career.
- 1993-1998: Teacher
- since 1998: Secondary school headmaster
- 2002: Member of Napajedla Town Council and member of Napajedla | 22,362 |
1804467 | Tomáš Zatloukal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tomáš%20Zatloukal | Tomáš Zatloukal
Czech politician and former Member of the European Parliament with the Union of Independents, part of the European People's Party and sat on the European Parliament's Committee on Culture and Education.
He was a substitute for the Committee on Budgets and a member of the Delegation to the EU-Kazakhstan, EU-Kyrgyzstan and EU-Uzbekistan Parliamentary Cooperation Committees, and for relations with Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Mongolia.
# Education.
- 1992: Master's degree
# Career.
- 1993-1998: Teacher
- since 1998: Secondary school headmaster
- 2002: Member of Napajedla Town Council and member of Napajedla Town Board
# See also.
2004 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic | 22,363 |
1804511 | Ellesmere | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ellesmere | Ellesmere
Ellesmere
Ellesmere may refer to:
# Places.
## Australia.
- Ellesmere, Queensland, a locality in the South Burnett Region, Queensland
- the former name of Scottsdale, Tasmania, Australia
## Canada.
- Ellesmere Island, an Arctic island of Canada and named for Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere
- Ellesmere (TTC), a station on the Scarborough RT of the Toronto subway
- Ellesmere Road, an arterial road in Toronto, Ontario, Canada and named after Ellesmere, Shropshire
## New Zealand.
- Lake Ellesmere, a lake in the Canterbury region of the South Island of New Zealand
- Ellesmere (New Zealand electorate), an historic New Zealand electorate
## United Kingdom.
- Ellesmere, Shropshire, | 22,364 |
1804511 | Ellesmere | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ellesmere | Ellesmere
- Ellesmere, Shropshire, a market town in Shropshire, England
- Ellesmere Castle
- Ellesmere Rural, a civil parish to the west
- Ellesmere Park, area of Eccles, Greater Manchester, England
- Ellesmere Port, an industrial town in Cheshire, England
- Ellesmere Port and Neston, a former district and borough in Cheshire, England
- Ellesmere Canal, a canal in the United Kingdom, now known as the Llangollen Cana
# Other.
- Francis Egerton, 1st Earl of Ellesmere, a 19th-century English politician and patron of the arts
- Earl of Ellesmere, title in the Peerage of the UK
- Ellesmere manuscript, an early 15th-century manuscript of the Canterbury Tales
- Ellesmere Choi, Hong Kong TVB actor | 22,365 |
1804507 | Jaroslav Zvěřina | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jaroslav%20Zvěřina | Jaroslav Zvěřina
Jaroslav Zvěřina
Jaroslav Zvěřina (born on 18 December 1942 in Třebíč) is a Czech politician and former Member of the European Parliament with the Civic Democratic Party, part of the European Democrats and sits on the European Parliament's Committee on Legal Affairs. He was candidate also in European Parliament election in 2009, but he was not reelected.
He is a substitute for the Committee on Culture and Education and a vice-chair of the Delegation for relations with Japan.
# Education.
- 1965: Doctor of Medicine (Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Hradec Králové)
- 1990: holder of the postgraduate qualification 'Candidate of Sciences' and senior lecturer (First Faculty of Medicine, | 22,366 |
1804507 | Jaroslav Zvěřina | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jaroslav%20Zvěřina | Jaroslav Zvěřina
Charles University, Prague)
# Career.
- 1965-1969: Doctor
- 1969-1977: Specialised doctor
- 1977-1992: Research fellow
- since 1989: Head of the Institute of Sexology of the First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague
- since 1994: Chairman of the Tábor district association of ODS (Civic Democratic Party)
- since 1994: Member of Tábor Town Council
- 1998: Vice-Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
- 1998-2002: Chairman of the Committee for European Integration of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
- 2002-2004: Vice-Chairman of the Committee for European Affairs of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament | 22,367 |
1804507 | Jaroslav Zvěřina | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jaroslav%20Zvěřina | Jaroslav Zvěřina
ratic Party)
- since 1994: Member of Tábor Town Council
- 1998: Vice-Chairman of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
- 1998-2002: Chairman of the Committee for European Integration of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
- 2002-2004: Vice-Chairman of the Committee for European Affairs of the Chamber of Deputies of the Parliament of the Czech Republic
- since 1990: Chairman of the Sexological Society of the Czech Medical Association
- since 2001: Member of the supervisory board of the benevolent society 'Česká hlava'
# Cooperation.
- Konrad Adenauer Foundation
# See also.
- 2004 European Parliament election in the Czech Republic | 22,368 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
Indianapolis International Airport
Indianapolis International Airport is an international airport located seven miles (11 km) southwest of downtown Indianapolis in Marion County, Indiana, United States. It is owned and operated by the Indianapolis Airport Authority. The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2017–2021 categorized it as a medium hub primary commercial service facility.
Opened as Indianapolis Municipal Airport in 1931 and later known as Weir Cook Municipal Airport, Indianapolis International occupies about in Wayne and Decatur townships in Marion County and Guilford Township in Hendricks County. It is the 45th busiest U.S. airport | 22,369 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
in terms of passenger traffic, serving 8.5 million passengers annually. As home to the second largest FedEx Express hub in the world, IND ranked as the seventh busiest U.S. airport in terms of air cargo throughput in 2015.
A $1.1 billion midfield passenger terminal opened in 2008 as one of the first designed and built in the U.S. following the September 11 attacks. The Colonel Harvey Weir Cook Terminal contains two concourses and 40 gates, connecting to 51 nonstop domestic and international destinations and averaging 145 daily departures.
# History.
Indianapolis Municipal Airport opened in 1931. In 1944, it was renamed Weir Cook Municipal Airport, after US Army Air Forces Col. Harvey Weir | 22,370 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
Cook of Wilkinson, Indiana, who became a flying ace during World War I with seven victories and died flying a P-39 over New Caledonia in World War II.
Since 1962, the airport has been owned and operated by the Indianapolis Airport Authority (IAA), an eight-member board with members appointed by the Mayor of Indianapolis and other officials from Marion, Hendricks and Hamilton counties in central Indiana. In 1976, the board renamed the airport Indianapolis International Airport.
In 2008, the board named the new main passenger facility the Col. H. Weir Cook Terminal and the new entrance road Col. H. Weir Cook Memorial Drive.
From 1957 to 2008, the passenger terminal was on the east side of the | 22,371 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
airfield off High School Road. This now-demolished facility was renovated and expanded many times, notably in 1968 (Concourses A & B), 1972 (Concourse D) and 1987 (Concourse C and the attached Parking Garage). This complex, along with the International Arrivals Terminal (opened in 1976) on the north side of the airfield (off Pierson Drive), was replaced by the Col. H. Weir Cook Terminal on November 12, 2008.
The April 1957 OAG shows 82 weekday departures: 24 Eastern, 22 TWA, 15 Delta, 11 American, 9 Lake Central and 1 Ozark. Eastern had a nonstop to Atlanta and one to Birmingham and TWA had two to LaGuardia; no other nonstops reached beyond Chicago, St. Louis, Memphis, Louisville and Pittsburgh. | 22,372 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
(Westward nonstops didn't reach beyond St. Louis until 1967; TWA started a JFK-IND-LAX 707 that year.) The first jets were TWA 880s in 1961.
During the late 1980s and early 1990s, USAir (later US Airways) had a secondary hub in Indianapolis with non-stop jets to the West Coast, East Coast and Florida and turboprop flights to cities around the Midwest. USAir peaked at 146 daily departures (including its prop affiliates), with 49% of all seats. USAir ended the hub in the late 1990s.
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, Indianapolis was a hub for then locally based ATA Airlines and its regional affiliate, Chicago Express/ATA Connection. After that airline entered Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection | 22,373 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
in late 2004, operations at IND were cut, then eliminated in 2006.
ATA's demise gave Northwest Airlines an opportunity to expand operations, making Indianapolis a focus city with mainline flights to the West Coast, East Coast, and the South. Northwest was later absorbed by Delta Air Lines in late 2008.
In 1994, BAA was awarded a 10-year contract to manage the Indianapolis International Airport. The contract was extended three years but was later cut a year short at the request of the BAA. Private management ended on December 31, 2007 and control reverted to IAA.
Also in 1994, United Airlines finished building the Indianapolis Maintenance Center, at a cost of USD $600 million. United later | 22,374 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
moved their maintenance operations to its sole maintenance hub located at San Francisco International Airport. Around 2006, runway 14/32 was shortened from 7604 feet to its present length because the south end was not visible from the new control tower.
In 2009, Republic Airways announced it would retain its maintenance hub and headquarters in Indianapolis after acquiring the much larger Frontier Airlines in Denver.
In August 2017, Allegiant Air announced it would open a $40 million aircraft base at Indianapolis International Airport that would begin operations in February of the following year, the facility was to create 66 high-paying jobs by the end of year and house two Airbus aircraft.
In | 22,375 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
September 2017, Delta Air Lines announced it would begin service from Indianapolis to Paris beginning in May 2018. This flight will be the first ever non-stop transatlantic passenger flight out of Indianapolis.
In October 2017, the airport announced that Frontier Airlines would move from Concourse B to Concourse A. The move occurred in January 2018.
# Colonel Harvey Weir Cook Terminal.
A new midfield passenger terminal, which cost $1.1 billion, opened in 2008 between the airport's two parallel runways, southwest of the previous terminal and the crosswind runway. A new FAA Air Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) and Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON) building, second tallest in the United States, | 22,376 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
opened in April 2006, the first component of the long-planned midfield complex. The Weir Cook Terminal itself opened for arriving flights on the evening of November 11, 2008, and for departures the following morning. HOK was its master designer, with AeroDesign Group (a joint venture among CSO Architects, SchenkelShultz Architecture and ARCHonsortium) serving as architect of record. Aviation Capital Management (Indianapolis), a subsidiary of BSA LifeStructures, was the airport's program manager. Hunt/Smoot Midfield Builders, a joint venture of Hunt Construction Group and Smoot Construction was the construction manager. Thornton Tomasetti was the terminal's structural engineer along with Fink, | 22,377 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
Roberts and Petrie. Syska Hennessy was the mechanical, electrical, & plumbing engineer.
The new terminal, named in honor of Col. Harvey Weir Cook, has room for 44 domestic gates and 2 international gates (which can also function as domestic gates).
Not all gate positions were used upon opening of the facility, to allow for future expansion by the airlines. The two gate concourse structures were built to allow for future expansion on their southwestern ends (which is why gates A1-A2 and B1-B2 do not yet exist).
The new terminal allows international arrivals to go through customs in the main passenger terminal; these passengers used to disembark in a separate building. Passengers arriving at | 22,378 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
gates A4 and A5 go to the U.S. Customs and Federal Inspection Station on the arrivals level via a dedicated and secured stairway, escalator, or elevator. After clearing customs, they exit into the south end of the main terminal's domestic baggage claim area.
The A concourse has a Delta Sky Club, the first airline lounge at Indianapolis International Airport since US Air closed its hub. The lounge opened on November 15, 2010.
Eight rental car operations and the Ground Transportation Center (where information about limousine, shuttle bus, hotel courtesy vehicles and other transportation services such as IndyGo bus service can be obtained) are located on the first floor of the attached parking | 22,379 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
garage. All pick-ups and drop-offs of rental vehicles also occur here, eliminating the need for shuttling customers to and from individual companies' remote processing facilities. The five-floor parking garage covers on each of its levels. It features a light-filled center atrium complete with a piece of suspended artwork and contains moving sidewalks to speed pedestrians into and out of the terminal building itself.
The airport's master plan calls for a fourth (third parallel) runway to be built southeast of I-70 sometime in the future. Between 2002 and 2004 the Indiana Department of Transportation (INDOT) rebuilt a portion of this Interstate highway running through the south end of the airport's | 22,380 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
property. The realigned freeway allows a future taxiway bridge to the proposed fourth runway to cross overhead and has a new traffic interchange for the midfield terminal complex. This I-70 exit (#68) is now the airport's main entrance, replacing the entrance at Sam Jones Expressway (which was built as the Airport Expressway) and High School Road. Provision has been made for future Light Rail Transit (LRT) access to the Weir Cook terminal complex.
# International air service.
The airport has passenger service to Canada, Mexico, Dominican Republic, and France, and one international passenger airline, Air Canada Express. International air cargo service is available to Canada, United Kingdom, | 22,381 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
Japan and France on FedEx Express, and to Luxembourg on Cargolux.
# Based aircraft.
In January 2019, there were 41 aircraft based at this airport: 4 single-engine aircraft, 9 multi-engine aircraft, 27 jets, and 1 helicopter.
# Airport management.
The Indianapolis International Airport is owned and operated by the Indianapolis Airport Authority (IAA), a municipal corporation established in 1962. The IAA operates five other airports in the area: Indianapolis Downtown Heliport, Eagle Creek Airpark, Hendricks County Airport–Gordon Graham Field, Indianapolis Metropolitan Airport, and Indianapolis Regional Airport. The IAA board leadership is Barbara Glass serving as President, Steve Dillinger | 22,382 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
serving as vice president, and Alfred R. Bennett serving as Secretary.
Mario Rodriguez, an award-winning airport industry veteran, became the Executive Director / CEO of the Indianapolis Airport Authority in June 2014.
# Economic development.
In 2018, technology services and consulting company Infosys announced plans to build a U.S. training center at site of the former terminal building. The development will include an education center and residential facility, bringing 1,000 jobs to the area.
# Accidents and incidents.
- On September 9, 1969, Allegheny Airlines Flight 853 on a Boston – Baltimore – Cincinnati – Indianapolis – St. Louis route, collided in midair with a Piper Cherokee during | 22,383 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
its descent over Fairland, Indiana in Shelby County. The McDonnell Douglas DC-9-31 crashed into a cornfield near London, Indiana, killing all 78 passengers and 4 crew members on board. The student pilot who was flying the Cherokee was also killed.
- On October 20, 1987, a United States Air Force A-7D Corsair II crashed into a Ramada Inn near the airport after the pilot was forced to eject due to an engine malfunction. Ten people were killed, nine of them hotel employees.
# Accolades.
- 2018 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2017 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council | 22,384 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
International
- 2016 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2015 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2014 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2013 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2012 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2011 – 2nd "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- | 22,385 |
269813 | Indianapolis International Airport | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Indianapolis%20International%20Airport | Indianapolis International Airport
by Airports Council International
- 2013 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2012 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2011 – 2nd "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2010 – "Best Airport in North America" of the Airport Service Quality Awards by Airports Council International
- 2010 – Highest Overall Satisfaction Index Score among small airports (10 million passengers per year) by J.D. Power and Associates
# External links.
- Indianapolis International Airport (official site) | 22,386 |
1804516 | Macduff | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macduff | Macduff
Macduff
Macduff may refer to:
# Fictional characters.
- Macduff ("Macbeth"), a character in Shakespeare's "Macbeth"
- Lady Macduff, wife of Macduff in "Macbeth"
- Macduff's son in "Macbeth"
- Donald MacDuff, a character in "Wee Willie Winkie"
- Keiran MacDuff, a character in the "Star Trek: The Next Generation" episode "Conundrum"
- Richard MacDuff, a character in the Douglas Adams book "Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency"
# People.
- The Clan MacDuff, a Scottish clan
- Alistair MacDuff (born 1945), British judge of the High Court of England and Wales
- Dana MacDuff (born 1955), American film producer
- Isabella MacDuff, Countess of Buchan (fl. 1306–1313), figure in the Wars | 22,387 |
1804516 | Macduff | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macduff | Macduff
of Scottish Independence
- Jack MacDuff (born 1950), Canadian air traffic controller and curler
- John Ross Macduff (1818–1895), Scottish divine and author
- Larry Mac Duff (born 1948), American football coach
- Macduff Everton (born 1947), American photographer
- Macduff of Fife (fl. 1297–1298), figure in the Wars of Scottish Independence
- Tyler MacDuff (1925–2007), American actor
# Places.
- Macduff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland (formerly in the county of Banffshire)
- Macduff Lifeboat Station
- Macduff railway station
- Macduff's Castle, Fife, Scotland
- MacDuff's Cross, an ancient monument in Fife, Scotland
- MacDuff, Ontario, Canada
# Other uses.
- Earl of Macduff, a title in | 22,388 |
1804516 | Macduff | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Macduff | Macduff
Mac Duff (born 1948), American football coach
- Macduff Everton (born 1947), American photographer
- Macduff of Fife (fl. 1297–1298), figure in the Wars of Scottish Independence
- Tyler MacDuff (1925–2007), American actor
# Places.
- Macduff, Aberdeenshire, Scotland (formerly in the county of Banffshire)
- Macduff Lifeboat Station
- Macduff railway station
- Macduff's Castle, Fife, Scotland
- MacDuff's Cross, an ancient monument in Fife, Scotland
- MacDuff, Ontario, Canada
# Other uses.
- Earl of Macduff, a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom
- Macduff Distillery, Deveron, Scotland
- "MacDuff v JCI", a case in South African contract law
# See also.
- McDuff, a surname | 22,389 |
1804509 | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern%20Pacific%20seastar%20in%20Australia | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia
Northern Pacific seastar in Australia
The Northern Pacific starfish, ("Asterias amurensis") is an invasive species in Australia. The starfish is native to the coasts of northern China, North Korea, South Korea, Russia and Japan and distribution of this species into other countries has increased. It is on the Invasive Species Specialist Group list of the world's 100 worst invasive species.
In the UK spawning occurs from July to October at temperatures of 10°C to 12°C. Fertilized eggs develop into free-swimming larvae that live in the water for around 90 days before settling and metamorphosing into juvenile seastars. In one year the northern Pacific seastar is capable of increasing its diameter | 22,390 |
1804509 | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern%20Pacific%20seastar%20in%20Australia | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia
by 8 cm; when fully grown the northern Pacific seastar lives up to five years, and can reach sizes up to 40 to 50 cm in diameter. Larval survival is constrained by temperature and salinity of the surrounding marine habitat, with the optimal ranges respectively 8°C to 16°C, and 3‰ to 8.75‰. Generally, seastars are sensitive to salinity fluctuations, and are unlikely to be found in places of high salinity. In Japan its numbers increase and reach outbreak proportions for two to three years; outbreaks have been found to occur in three or ten year cycles.
Native to the coasts of northern China, Korea, Russia and Japan, the northern Pacific seastar lives in waters between 71 °C and 22 °C. It lives | 22,391 |
1804509 | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern%20Pacific%20seastar%20in%20Australia | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia
in mainly shallow water, but also is found as deep as 200 metres. It is rarely found on reefs or high wave action areas, instead sitting on mud, sand or pebbles.
In Tasmania, due to the plague of these seastars, hunting days have been organized, where volunteers work together to physically remove as many of the seastars as possible. Efforts of this kind in 1993 resulted in the collection of more than 30,000 seastars. During the first attempts to remove the seastar from Tasmania, many of the seastars that were captured were cut up and thrown back into the sea. Unfortunately, each part that was thrown back was able to regenerate and grow a new seastar as long as it had part of the central disc | 22,392 |
1804509 | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern%20Pacific%20seastar%20in%20Australia | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia
remaining.
Seastar poisons are not specific and in the ocean, could damage many other natural marine communities. Also, the amount of chemicals needed to poison seastars in estuaries would be uneconomical, and very impractical. In Australia, northern Pacific seastars don't have any pathogens, though in Japan, northern Pacific seastars are attacked by a unicelled animal called Orchitophrya. Orchitophrya invades seastars' testes, kills sperm, and castrates the seastar. However scientists later discovered that Orchitophrya doesn't usually invade all 10 of the seastar's testes and doesn't have the effect hoped for.
The northern Pacific seastar has also been found in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, | 22,393 |
1804509 | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Northern%20Pacific%20seastar%20in%20Australia | Northern Pacific seastar in Australia
lia, northern Pacific seastars don't have any pathogens, though in Japan, northern Pacific seastars are attacked by a unicelled animal called Orchitophrya. Orchitophrya invades seastars' testes, kills sperm, and castrates the seastar. However scientists later discovered that Orchitophrya doesn't usually invade all 10 of the seastar's testes and doesn't have the effect hoped for.
The northern Pacific seastar has also been found in Port Phillip Bay, Victoria, for some years now. The seastar has migrated inland in the Maribyrnong River, reaching as far inland as Essendon. The Maribyrnong is a salty river (previously known as Saltwater River), but finding the seastar this far inland is unusual. | 22,394 |
1804444 | Jan Zahradil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jan%20Zahradil | Jan Zahradil
Jan Zahradil
Jan Zahradil (born 30 March 1963) is a Czech politician for the Civic Democratic Party (ODS) who has been Member of the European Parliament (MEP) since the Czech Republic entered the European Union in 2004. Zahradil also served as Member of the Chamber of Deputies (MP) from 1998 to 2004.
A scientific researcher by profession, Zahradil entered politics during the Velvet Revolution. He was a member of the Federal Assembly of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic,
before becoming an adviser to Prime Minister Václav Klaus. In 1998, he was elected to the national Chamber of Deputies. Three years later, he became Vice-Chairman of the ODS. Following an unsuccessful attempt to become | 22,395 |
1804444 | Jan Zahradil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jan%20Zahradil | Jan Zahradil
Chairman in 2002, he was appointed First Vice-Chairman. From his election to the Chamber of Deputies until 2006 he was the ODS shadow minister for Foreign Affairs.
He was appointed an MEP on the Czech Republic's accession to the EU, in May 2004, and was elected at the top of the ODS's list at the June 2004 election. He was elected head of the Civic Democrats' delegation in the European Parliament, in which capacity he led the negotiations that founded the European Conservatives and Reformists. He was re-elected in 2009 and became Vice-Chairman of the newly founded ECR. In March 2011, Zahradil was elected Chairman, replacing Michał Kamiński. He also sits on the Parliament's Committee on Development.
# | 22,396 |
1804444 | Jan Zahradil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jan%20Zahradil | Jan Zahradil
Background.
## Early life.
Zahradil was educated at the Institute of Chemical Technology in Prague, and after graduating in 1987, he became a scientific researcher until 1992. He speaks Czech, Slovak, English, Russian, German and Polish. He is married and has two children.
## Domestic politics.
From 1990 until 1992, Zahradil was a Member of the Federal Assembly of the Czech and Slovak Federative Republic. From 1995 until 1997 Zahradil was a foreign policy adviser to the Prime Minister, Václav Klaus. In 1998, Zahradil was elected as a Member of the Chamber of Deputies of the Czech Republic and held that position until 2004.
In 2001, he was elected a Vice-Chairman of the ODS, and between | 22,397 |
1804444 | Jan Zahradil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jan%20Zahradil | Jan Zahradil
2002 and 2004, was the First Vice-Chairman.
## European Parliament.
In 2004, he was elected a Member of the European Parliament and was the Chairman of the ODS in the European Parliament. Between 2004 and 2009, ODS MEPs sat with the EPP-ED grouping in the European Parliament, but after the 2009 elections, several members of the EPP-ED left to join the newly formed European Conservatives and Reformists (ECR) grouping, which was based on the Movement for European Reform, an alliance between ODS and the British Conservative Party. In his capacity as Chairman of ODS in the European Parliament, Zahradil reportedly led negotiations in forming the new group which after the European elections in 2014 | 22,398 |
1804444 | Jan Zahradil | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jan%20Zahradil | Jan Zahradil
become the third largest group in the European Parliament.
He was elected Vice Chairman of the ECR, sitting on the group's Executive. In March 2011, he was elected to replace Michał Kamiński as chairman of the group, defeating Timothy Kirkhope by 33 votes to 18.
After his re-election in 2014 he was elected Vice-Chairman of the European Parliament's Committee on International Trade.
In October 2018, he announced his intention to become the European Conservatives and Reformists Group's candidate for the European Commission presidency. He was endorsed by the ECR Group on 13 November 2018, making him the first "Spitzenkandidat" from Eastern Europe.
Since the Alliance of Conservatives and Reformists | 22,399 |
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