wikipedia_id stringlengths 2 8 | wikipedia_title stringlengths 1 243 | url stringlengths 44 370 | contents stringlengths 53 2.22k | id int64 0 6.14M |
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441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
time employment and outsourcing. In some countries, including Brazil, there is a wage gap between temporary and permanent workers, but this is due to violations of legislation that specify equal wage determination. In other countries, prohibitions are placed on temporary employment in fields such as agri... | 6,129,200 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
Airbnb advertises listings in 191 countries around the world with the most in Europe.
The desire to market flexible, adaptable temporary workers has become a driving, monetary oriented objective of the temporary work industry. This has caused individual agencies to adopt practices that focus on competit... | 6,129,201 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
remuneration, work scheduling, complaints, taxes, etc. created by the relationship between a client employer and a client employee. Client firms request the type of job that is to be done, and the skills required to do it. Client firms can also terminate an assignment and are able to file a complaint abo... | 6,129,202 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
a shortage). Workers can refuse assignment but risk going through an indeterminate period of downtime since work is based on availability of assignments, which the agency cannot "create" only fill.
Whether the work comes through an independent gig economy source or a temp agency, when a temporary employ... | 6,129,203 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
the assignment based on these discrepancies, they will most likely lose pay and may undermine chances at other job opportunities. However, some agencies guarantee an employee a certain number of hours pay if, once the temporary employee arrives, there is no work or the work isn't as described. Most agenc... | 6,129,204 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
looking to hire someone temporarily contact the agency and describe the skill set they are seeking. A temporary employee is then found in the database and is contacted to see if they would be interested in taking the assignment.
It is up to the temporary employee to keep in constant contact with the age... | 6,129,205 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
The temporary employee is bound by the rules and regulations of the temp agency, even if they contrast with those of the company in which they are placed.
## Benefits for client firms.
There are a number of reasons as to why a firm utilizes temp agencies. They provide employers a way to add more worker... | 6,129,206 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
to vary compensation in what would normally be an illegal or impossible manner. The role of temp workers in the work space can also have the effects of coercing regular employees into taking more work for less pay. Additionally, temp workers are less likely to sue over mistreatment, which allows firms to... | 6,129,207 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
1991 to 1999. The temporary staffing sector accounted for 1 out of 12 new jobs in the 90's. In 1996, $105 billion, worldwide, in staffing agency revenues. By 2008, $300 billion was generated, worldwide, in revenues for staffing agencies. The Temporary Staffing Industry accounts for 16% of job growth in t... | 6,129,208 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
shied potential client employers away. However, in the latter half of the 20th century, there would be shift predominated by legal protections and closer relationships with primary employers. This combined with the tendency for growth of the TSI in countries where there are strict regulations on dismissa... | 6,129,209 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
what jobs.
Temps have been told to be a "guest" and not a worker, which can lead to worker exploitation. One ramification is that temps have to deal with sexual harassment and are sometimes encouraged not to report it, and in some rare cases encouraged to make themselves "sexually available".
An additi... | 6,129,210 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
working at the client firm.
This is all compounded by a work system in which temps must file complaints about clients through the temp agencies which, often enough, not only disqualifies them from another assignment at that firm, it disqualifies them from receiving an assignment from that temporary agen... | 6,129,211 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
workers are at a high risk of being injured or killed on the job. In the US, 829 fatal injuries (17% of all occupational fatalities) occurred among contract workers in 2015. Studies have also shown a higher burden of non-fatal occupational injuries and illnesses among temporary workers compared to those ... | 6,129,212 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
and skills to protect themselves from workplace hazards due to insufficient safety training. According to a joint guidance document released by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH), both staffing agencies and host e... | 6,129,213 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
occupational safety and health of temporary workers.
# Pros and cons.
## Pros.
- Easy hire: Those meeting technical requirements for the type of work are often virtually guaranteed a job without a selection process. In this sense, it could be argued that it would be easier to find work as a temporary ... | 6,129,214 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
and use these staffing services only. They are a good gateway to get employment with a certain company.
- Try Before You Buy-Temporary staff allowing a business to 'TRY' a worker as part of their team and to confirm that they are the perfect fit before taking them on board long-term, if needed.
- Tempo... | 6,129,215 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
the gig economy. These include:
- Lack of control over working hours and the potential for immediate termination for refusing an assigned schedule.
- Positions often are with high turnover rates. Research suggests that plants choose temporary workers over permanent ones when they expect output to fall,... | 6,129,216 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
the hourly wage paid to a temporary worker is 75% to 80% of what direct-hire employees are paid. Additionally, they often receive few or no employment benefits, such as health insurance, and seldom become full-time employees from their temporary positions.
- Unlike temporary workers hired through a staf... | 6,129,217 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
When a company hires internationally, there is no legal precedent for using the laws of either the hiring company's country of origin or the temporary worker's country of origin.
# Legal issues.
Scholars have argued that neoliberal policies have been a prominent component in the erosion of the standard... | 6,129,218 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
labour and social security obligations. It has been suggested that labour regulations in North America do little in addressing labour market insecurities and the precarious nature of temporary labour. In many cases, legislation has done little to acknowledge or adapt to the growth of non-standard employm... | 6,129,219 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
of drivers' rights and the company's disciplinary procedures. Some of these policies include Uber agreeing to issue warnings to drivers before cutting them from the company's service, no longer deactivating drivers who commonly refuse rides, informing customers that tips for drivers are not included in t... | 6,129,220 |
441390 | Temporary work | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Temporary%20work | Temporary work
Some of these policies include Uber agreeing to issue warnings to drivers before cutting them from the company's service, no longer deactivating drivers who commonly refuse rides, informing customers that tips for drivers are not included in the fare, and allowing drivers to create an association to cont... | 6,129,221 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
The Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. is a Holiness body of Christians headquartered in Jackson, Mississippi. In 2010, there were 14,000 members in 154 churches.
# History.
The Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. shares a common early history with... | 6,129,222 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
in Jackson, Mississippi. In 1898, the name Mt. Helm Baptist Church was changed to Church of Christ. This new group of Holiness leaders was expelled from the Jackson Baptist Association. From that expulsion, they adopted the name Christ Association of Mississippi of Baptized Believers ... | 6,129,223 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
doctrinal message with great enthusiasm. After an extended discussion on the issue of the baptism of the Holy Spirit, at the 1907 convention, a "right hand of fellowship," a separation occurred, with C. H. Mason, D. J. Young and others leading a Holiness, Pentecostal group. C. P. Jone... | 6,129,224 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A..
# Theology.
The "Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A." is trinitarian with a Holiness emphasis. Water baptism of believers by immersion and the Lord's supper as a memorial are held to be ordinances of the church. Foot washing is also practiced, but it is n... | 6,129,225 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
the United States is divided into eight dioceses - Eastern, North Central, Northern, Pacific North West, South Central, South Eastern, South Western, and Western. In 2008 the "Church of Christ (Holiness)" had 15,000 members in 167 congregations in the United States, the Dominican Repu... | 6,129,226 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
H.Vonzell Castilla- Second Vice President,(newly elected and consecrated) Bishop of the Southeastern Diocese (July 2016)
• Bishop Maurice Nicholson – Presiding Bishop of the Eastern Diocese
• Bishop Robert Winn – Retired and Chairman of the COCHUSA World Mission Board
• Bishop Vict... | 6,129,227 |
441426 | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A. | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Church%20of%20Christ%20(Holiness)%20U.S.A. | Church of Christ (Holiness) U.S.A.
icholson – Presiding Bishop of the Eastern Diocese
• Bishop Robert Winn – Retired and Chairman of the COCHUSA World Mission Board
• Bishop Victor Smith - Retired
• Bishop Carl Austin - Retired
Its annual "National Convention" is held during the month of July. The church will celeb... | 6,129,228 |
441438 | Giza Governorate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giza%20Governorate | Giza Governorate
Giza Governorate
Giza Governorate ( "") is one of the governorates of Egypt. It is in the center of the country, situated on the west bank of the Nile River opposite Cairo. Its capital is the city of Giza. It includes a stretch of the left bank of the Nile Valley around Giza, and acquired a large stre... | 6,129,229 |
441438 | Giza Governorate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giza%20Governorate | Giza Governorate
The funding has been coordinated by the country's Ministry of Finance and with assistance from international organizations.
# Municipal divisions.
The governorate is divided into municipal divisions, with a total estimated population as of July 2017 of 8,666,090. In the case of Giza governorate, ther... | 6,129,230 |
441438 | Giza Governorate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giza%20Governorate | Giza Governorate
3,138,310 in rural areas.
According to population estimates from 2018 the majority of residents in the governorate live in urban areas, with an urbanization rate of 60.9%. Out of an estimated 8,759,000 people residing in the governorate, 5,332,000 people live in urban areas as opposed to only 3,428,00... | 6,129,231 |
441438 | Giza Governorate | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Giza%20Governorate | Giza Governorate
Zone
- 6 October Industrial Zone
- Al Wahat (Heavy) Industrial zone
# Important sites.
The Great Pyramid of Giza is one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and people come from all over the world each year to see it. It is located in the Giza pyramid complex.
- Abusir
- Bahariya Oasis
- Gi... | 6,129,232 |
441446 | Ordeal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ordeal | Ordeal
Ordeal
Ordeal may refer to:
- Trial by ordeal, a religious-judicial practice to determine "the will of God"
- "Ordeal" (autobiography), a 1980 autobiography of Linda Lovelace
- Ordeal (horse) (born 1957), New Zealand Standardbred racemare
- "Ordeal" (Skepticism album)
- "Ordeal" ("UFO"), a 1971 episode of ... | 6,129,233 |
441446 | Ordeal | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ordeal | Ordeal
hy of Linda Lovelace
- Ordeal (horse) (born 1957), New Zealand Standardbred racemare
- "Ordeal" (Skepticism album)
- "Ordeal" ("UFO"), a 1971 episode of the TV series "UFO"
- Ordeal (level of OA membership), the first degree of membership in the Order of the Arrow, an organization within the Boy Scouts of Am... | 6,129,234 |
441445 | Calculation (card game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calculation%20(card%20game) | Calculation (card game)
Calculation (card game)
Calculation (also known as Broken Intervals, Hopscotch and Four Kings Solitaire) is a solitaire card game played with a standard pack of 52 cards. It offers more scope for skill than many similar games; a skilled player can win Calculation more than 80% of the time when ... | 6,129,235 |
441445 | Calculation (card game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calculation%20(card%20game) | Calculation (card game)
in the following table:
The tableau, initially empty, consists of four piles of cards, usually arranged immediately below the four foundations.
Play in Calculation is simple. A single card is turned up from the stock and played either to the top of any of the four tableau piles, or onto one of... | 6,129,236 |
441445 | Calculation (card game) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Calculation%20(card%20game) | Calculation (card game)
o further play is possible.
As a variation, cards may be played from the stock to a waste pile which holds one card, and played from there to a foundation or tableau, instead of being played from the stock to a foundation or tableau as soon as they are turned over.
Variations which make the ga... | 6,129,237 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
Saarloos wolfdog
The Saarloos wolfdog () is a dog breed originating from the crossing of a German Shepherd male to a female Eurasian wolf. The offspring were then crossed with German Shepherds. It is now a recognized breed, and is recognized as a wolf dog due to the original cross it came from.
# His... | 6,129,238 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
The result was a dog that was not useful as a working dog but as companion that is close to nature. The Dutch Kennel Club recognized the breed in 1975. To honour its creator, they named this dog the "Saarloos Wolfdog". In 1981, the breed was recognized by the Fédération Cynologique Internationale (FCI)... | 6,129,239 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
of German Shepherds with captive wolves in the 1930s, then followed by a further split between dogs of Eastern Eurasian and Western Eurasian origin.
# Description.
The Saarloos wolfdog is a strongly built dog whose build, coat and movement is wolf-like. The height is between in males and in females. ... | 6,129,240 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
this uncommon although this colour is accepted. The Saarloos has wolf-like expressions, as well as a wolf-like head.
# Training.
This breed needs thorough socialization before the twelfth week of age to ensure prosocial behavior.
# Outcross program.
The Dutch parent club for Saarloos wolfdogs resea... | 6,129,241 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
that the population of Saarloos wolfdogs was very closely related. Without intervention, the degree of inbreeding would threaten the breed's survival. The scientists advised a controlled and extensive outcross program, to increase the breed's vitality, fertility and genetic variation. The Dutch kennel ... | 6,129,242 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
club members and agreed upon by majority vote. The procedure for both types of outcrosses is the same. The outcross is performed and the F1 generation is produced. The F1 is evaluated and fully health screened, and the best individuals are chosen to contribute to the next generation. This is done by br... | 6,129,243 |
441452 | Saarloos wolfdog | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saarloos%20wolfdog | Saarloos wolfdog
health tested, and the best individuals are bred back to Saarloos wolfdogs to produce the F3 generation. The offspring of an F3 with a purebred Saarloos wolfdog (F4) will get an official pedigree and be recognized as a purebred. In order to maintain proper breed type, purebred breeding of Saarloos wolf... | 6,129,244 |
441466 | MPRP | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MPRP | MPRP
MPRP
MPRP may refer to:
- Muslim People's Republic Party
- Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (disambiguation)
- Maine Power Reliability Program | 6,129,245 |
441442 | USS Darter (SS-576) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Darter%20(SS-576) | USS Darter (SS-576)
USS Darter (SS-576)
USS "Darter" (SS-576), a unique submarine based on the , but incorporating many improvements, was the second ship of the United States Navy to be named for the darter, a type of small American fresh-water fish.
The contract to build "Darter" was awarded to the Electric Boat Div... | 6,129,246 |
441442 | USS Darter (SS-576) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Darter%20(SS-576) | USS Darter (SS-576)
of post-war ASW submarines, similar to . "Darter" was used to experiment with numerous innovations including a three-man helmsman-planesman station using aircraft-style stick controls.
# Service history.
Upon commissioning "Darter" operated on various training exercises in the Atlantic, both local... | 6,129,247 |
441442 | USS Darter (SS-576) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Darter%20(SS-576) | USS Darter (SS-576)
units in the West Indies and off Key West, Florida, and serving as a platform for various Chief of Naval Operations (CNO) projects. In between these operations, Darter deployed to the Mediterranean for cruises in 1963 and 1967. She also received a major modernization overhaul at Charleston Naval Shi... | 6,129,248 |
441442 | USS Darter (SS-576) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Darter%20(SS-576) | USS Darter (SS-576)
four Western Pacific (WestPac) deployments in support of 7th Fleet operations. While on one of these in 1978, the head valve failed to close while snorkeling, and the ship had to emergency surface among U.S. surface units participating in an ASW exercise. On 8 May 1979, "Darter" changed homeport aga... | 6,129,249 |
441442 | USS Darter (SS-576) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Darter%20(SS-576) | USS Darter (SS-576)
Special Forces. She won a Battle Efficiency Award (Battle "E") in 1980 and again in 1982.
In mid-1982 she underwent an overhaul at the U.S. Naval Base Subic Bay. In September 1985, "Darter" was submerged when the submarine collided with the merchant ship (tanker) "Kansas Getty" and its anchor chain... | 6,129,250 |
441442 | USS Darter (SS-576) | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=USS%20Darter%20(SS-576) | USS Darter (SS-576)
submarine collided with the merchant ship (tanker) "Kansas Getty" and its anchor chain near Pusan, Korea. "Darter" suffered some damage and was repaired at Sasebo, Japan. Nobody was injured in the accident and the tanker was undamaged.
"Darter" was decommissioned in Pearl Harbor on 1 December 1989 ... | 6,129,251 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Bleak House
Bleak House is a novel by Charles Dickens, first published as a 20 episode serial between March 1852 and September 1853. The novel has many characters and several sub-plots, and is told partly by the novel's heroine, Esther Summerson, and partly by an omniscient narrator. At the centre of "Blea... | 6,129,252 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
1859. Though the legal profession criticised Dickens's satire as exaggerated, this novel helped support a judicial reform movement which culminated in the enactment of legal reform in the 1870s.
There is some debate among scholars as to when "Bleak House" is set. The English legal historian Sir William Hol... | 6,129,253 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Esther, is in fact alive and being raised by Miss Barbary, Lady Dedlock's sister. Esther does not know Miss Barbary is her aunt. After Miss Barbary dies, John Jarndyce becomes Esther's guardian and assigns the Chancery lawyer "Conversation" Kenge to take charge of her future. After attending school for six ... | 6,129,254 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
though Mr Jarndyce does not oppose the match, he stipulates that Richard must first choose a profession. Richard first tries a career in medicine, and Esther meets Allan Woodcourt, a physician, at the house of Richard's tutor. When Richard mentions the prospect of gaining from the resolution of "Jarndyce an... | 6,129,255 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
and investigates. He traces the copyist, a pauper known only as "Nemo", in London. Nemo has recently died, and the only person to identify him is a street-sweeper, a poor homeless boy named Jo, who lives in a particularly grim and poverty-stricken part of the city known as Tom-All-Alone's ("Nemo" is Latin f... | 6,129,256 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
ends that might connect Nemo to the Dedlocks.
Esther sees Lady Dedlock at church and talks with her later at Chesney Wold – though neither woman recognises their connection. Later, Lady Dedlock does discover that Esther is her child. However, Esther has become sick (possibly with smallpox, since it severel... | 6,129,257 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
push "Jarndyce and Jarndyce" to conclusion in his and Ada's favour. In the process, Richard loses all his money and declines in health. He and Ada have secretly married, and Ada is pregnant. Esther has her own romance when Mr Woodcourt returns to England, having survived a shipwreck, and continues to seek h... | 6,129,258 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
betrayed, Hortense kills Tulkinghorn and seeks to frame Lady Dedlock for his murder. Sir Leicester, discovering his lawyer's death and his wife's flight, suffers a catastrophic stroke, but he manages to communicate that he forgives his wife and wants her to return.
Inspector Bucket, who has previously inve... | 6,129,259 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
wanders the country in cold weather before dying at the cemetery of her former lover, Captain Hawdon (Nemo). Esther and Bucket find her there.
Progress in "Jarndyce and Jarndyce" seems to take a turn for the better when a later will is found, which revokes all previous wills and leaves the bulk of the esta... | 6,129,260 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Richard apologises to John Jarndyce and dies. John Jarndyce takes in Ada and her child, a boy whom she names Richard. Esther and Woodcourt marry and live in a Yorkshire house which Jarndyce gives to them. The couple later raise two daughters.
Many of the novel's subplots focus on minor characters. One such... | 6,129,261 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
of individual characters).
Although not a character, the "Jarndyce and Jarndyce" case is a vital part of the novel. It is believed to have been inspired by a number of real-life Chancery cases involving wills, including those of Charles Day and William Jennens, and of Charlotte Smith's father-in-law Richar... | 6,129,262 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
of her cruel upbringing she is self-effacing, self-deprecating and grateful for every trifle. The discovery of her true identity provides much of the drama in the book. Finally it is revealed that she is the illegitimate daughter of Lady Dedlock and Nemo (Captain Hawdon).
- Honoria, Lady Dedlock is the hau... | 6,129,263 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
to his client, Sir Leicester, to pry out her secret. At the end of the novel, Lady Dedlock dies, disgraced in her own mind and convinced that her husband can never forgive her moral failings.
- John Jarndyce is an unwilling party in "Jarndyce and Jarndyce", guardian of Richard, Ada, and Esther, and owner o... | 6,129,264 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
shortly after she comes to live under his roof. He falls in love with Esther and wishes to marry her, but gives her up because she is in love with Mr Woodcourt.
- Richard Carstone is a ward of Chancery in "Jarndyce and Jarndyce". Straightforward and likeable but irresponsible and inconstant, Richard falls ... | 6,129,265 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Harold Skimpole is a friend of Jarndyce "in the habit of sponging his friends" (Nuttall). He is irresponsible, selfish, amoral, and without remorse. He often refers to himself as "a child" and claims not to understand human relationships, circumstances, and society – but actually understands them very well,... | 6,129,266 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
"Dickens wrote in a letter of 25 September 1853, 'I suppose he is the most exact portrait that was ever painted in words! ... It is an absolute reproduction of a real man.' A contemporary critic commented, 'I recognised Skimpole instantaneously; ... and so did every person whom I talked with about it who ha... | 6,129,267 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Boythorn was once engaged to (and very much in love with) a woman who later left him without giving him any reason. That woman was in fact, Miss Barbary, who abandoned her former life (including Boythorn) when she took Esther from her sister. Boythorn is also a neighbour of Sir Leicester Dedlock's, with who... | 6,129,268 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
worthy of a man of his family lineage. On the other hand, he is shown as a loving and devoted husband towards Lady Dedlock, even after he learns about her secret.
- Mr Tulkinghorn is Sir Leicester's lawyer. Scheming and manipulative, he seems to defer to his clients but relishes the power his control of th... | 6,129,269 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
secrets. He is Jo's only friend. He tends to give half-crowns to those he feels sorry for.
- Miss Flite is an elderly eccentric. Her family has been destroyed by a long-running Chancery case similar to "Jarndyce and Jarndyce", and her obsessive fascination with Chancery veers between comedy and tragedy. Sh... | 6,129,270 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
his offer of marriage (which he does not want to pursue now she is disfigured). He is so overcome with relief when she explains her true purpose that he agrees to do everything in his power to protect her privacy in the future.
- Inspector Bucket is a detective who undertakes several investigations through... | 6,129,271 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Words". It has also been argued that the character was based on Jack Whicher, one of the 'original' eight detectives set up by Scotland Yard in the middle 19th century.
- Mr George is a former soldier (having served under Nemo) who owns a London shooting-gallery and is a trainer in sword and pistol. The pr... | 6,129,272 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
her own "lack of manners," but Esther's friendship heartens her. Caddy falls in love with Prince Turveydrop, marries him, and has a baby.
- Krook is a rag and bottle merchant and collector of papers. He is the landlord of the house where Nemo and Miss Flite live and where Nemo dies. He seems to subsist on ... | 6,129,273 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
tries to make a living as a crossing sweeper. Jo was the only person with whom Nemo had any real connection. Nemo expressed a paternal sort of interest in Jo (something that no human had ever done). Nemo would share his meagre money with Jo, and would sometimes remark, "Well, Jo, today I am as poor as you,"... | 6,129,274 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
an earlier bout with smallpox which Esther also catches and from which she almost dies).
- Allan Woodcourt is a surgeon and a kind, caring man who loves Esther deeply. She in turn loves him but feels unable to respond, not only because of her prior commitment to John Jarndyce, but also because she fears he... | 6,129,275 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
in debts. It has been suggested that his description (together with his grandchildren) fits that of a person with progeria, although people with progeria only have a life expectancy of 14 years, while Grandfather Smallweed is very old.
- Mr Vholes is a Chancery lawyer who takes on Richard Carstone as a cli... | 6,129,276 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
to Dickens's preface), who repeatedly seeks in vain to gain the attention of the Lord Chancellor. He threatens Mr Tulkinghorn and then is put under arrest by Inspector Bucket, but dies, his health broken by his Chancery ordeal. The character is based on the true case of Thomas Cook of Onecote, Leek which wa... | 6,129,277 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
to be Lady Dedlock's former lover, and the father of Esther Summerson.
- Mrs Snagsby is Mr Snagsby's highly suspicious and curious wife, who has a "vinegary" personality and incorrectly suspects Mr Snagsby of keeping many secrets from her: she suspects he is Jo's father.
- Guster is the Snagsbys' maidserv... | 6,129,278 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
obsessed with an obscure African tribe but having little regard for the notion of charity beginning at home. It's thought Dickens wrote this character as a criticism of female activists like Caroline Chisholm.
- Mr Jellyby is Mrs Jellyby's long-suffering husband.
- Peepy Jellyby is the Jellybys' young son... | 6,129,279 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
is initially refused when Mr Rouncewell's father asks that Rosa be sent to school to become a lady worthy of his son's station. Lady Dedlock questions the girl closely regarding her wish to leave, and promises to look after her instead. In some way, Rosa is a stand-in for Esther in Lady Dedlock's life.
- H... | 6,129,280 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
godmother and severe childhood guardian.
- Mrs Rachael Chadband is a former servant of Miss Barbary's.
- Mr Chadband is an oleaginous preacher, husband of Mrs Chadband.
- Mrs Smallweed is the wife of Mr Smallweed senior and sister to Krook. She is suffering from dementia.
- Young Mr (Bartholemew) Smallw... | 6,129,281 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
is the wife of Matthew Bagnet.
- Woolwich is the Bagnets' son.
- Quebec is the Bagnets' elder daughter.
- Malta is the Bagnets' younger daughter.
- Mrs Woodcourt is Allan Woodcourt's widowed mother.
- Mrs Pardiggle is a woman who does "good works" for the poor, but cannot see that her efforts are rude ... | 6,129,282 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
and criticism.
## Narrative structure.
Much criticism of "Bleak House" focuses on its unique narrative structure: it is told both by a third-person omniscient narrator and a first-person narrator (Esther Summerson). The omniscient narrator speaks in the present tense and is a dispassionate observer. Esthe... | 6,129,283 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
of the story was Dickens's "main mistake" in planning the novel Alex Zwerdling, a scholar from Berkeley, after observing that "critics have not been kind to Esther," nevertheless thought Dickens's use of Esther's narrative "one of the triumphs of his art".
## Feminine modesty.
Esther's portion of the narr... | 6,129,284 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
writes: "It seems so curious to me to be obliged to write all this about myself! As if this narrative were the narrative of life! But my little body will soon fall into the background now" (chap. 3). This does not turn out to be true.
## Satire.
For most readers and scholars, the central concern of "Bleak... | 6,129,285 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
and Dickens found the subject a tempting target. (He already had taken a shot at law-courts and that side of the legal profession in his 1837 novel "The Posthumous Papers of the Pickwick Club" or "The Pickwick Papers"). Scholars – such as the English legal historian Sir William Searle Holdsworth, in his 192... | 6,129,286 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
side of familiar things". And some remarkable things do happen: One character, Krook, smells of brimstone and eventually dies of spontaneous human combustion. This was highly controversial. The nineteenth century saw the increasing triumph of the scientific worldview. Scientifically inclined writers, as wel... | 6,129,287 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
of coroners' inquests that he had attended when he had been a reporter. In the preface of the book edition of "Bleak House", Dickens wrote: "I shall not abandon the facts until there shall have been a considerable Spontaneous Combustion of the testimony on which human occurrences are usually received."
## ... | 6,129,288 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Daniel Burt, in his book "The Novel 100: A Ranking of the Greatest Novels of All Time", ranks "Bleak House" number 12. Horror and supernatural fiction author Stephen King named it among his top 10 favourite books.
# Locations of Bleak House.
The house named Bleak House in Broadstairs, is not the original.... | 6,129,289 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
It is the only four storey grade II listed mansion in Broadstairs.
Dickens locates the fictional Bleak House in St Albans, Hertfordshire, where he wrote some of the book. An 18th-century house in Folly Lane, St Albans, has been identified as a possible inspiration for the titular house in the story since t... | 6,129,290 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Jennie Lee playing Jo, the crossing-sweeper. In 1893, Jane Coombs acted in a version of "Bleak House".
A 1901 short film, "The Death of Poor Joe", is the oldest known surviving film featuring a Charles Dickens character (Jo in "Bleak House").
In the silent film era, "Bleak House" was filmed in 1920 and 19... | 6,129,291 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
serial, "Bleak House", was broadcast in 1959 in eleven half-hour episodes. The second "Bleak House", starring Diana Rigg and Denholm Elliott, aired in 1985 as an eight-part series. In 2005, the third "Bleak House" was broadcast in fifteen episodes starring Anna Maxwell Martin, Gillian Anderson, Denis Lawson... | 6,129,292 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
Phillips included a piece entitled "Bleak House" on his 1979 progressive rock release, "Sides". The form of the lyrics roughly follows the narrative of Esther Summerson, and is written in her voice.
# Original publication.
Like most Dickens novels, "Bleak House" was published in 20 monthly instalments, ea... | 6,129,293 |
441425 | Bleak House | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bleak%20House | Bleak House
containing 32 pages of text and two illustrations by Phiz (the last two being published together as a double issue). Each cost one shilling, except for the final double issue, which cost two shillings.
# Critical editions.
Charles Dickens, "Bleak House", ed. Nicola Bradbury (Harmondsworth: Penguin, 1996)
... | 6,129,294 |
441391 | Teleprompter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teleprompter | Teleprompter
Teleprompter
A teleprompter is a display device that prompts the person speaking with an electronic visual text of a speech or script. Using a teleprompter is similar to using cue cards. The screen is in front of, and usually below, the lens of a professional video camera, and the words on the screen are ... | 6,129,295 |
441391 | Teleprompter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teleprompter | Teleprompter
theatre - an image viewable from one angle but not another - and the concept may have similar origins.
Because the speaker does not need to look down to consult written notes, the teleprompter creates the illusion that the speaker has memorized the speech or is speaking spontaneously, looking directly int... | 6,129,296 |
441391 | Teleprompter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teleprompter | Teleprompter
in 1964, to the computer-based rolls of 1982 and the four-prompter system for U.S. conventions which added a large off-stage confidence monitor and inset lectern monitor in 1996, to the replacement of glass teleprompters at U.K. political conferences by several large off-stage confidence monitors in 2006, ... | 6,129,297 |
441391 | Teleprompter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teleprompter | Teleprompter
History.
The TelePrompTer Corporation was founded in the 1950s by Fred Barton, Jr., Hubert Schlafly and Irving Berlin Kahn. Barton was an actor who suggested the concept of the teleprompter as a means of assisting television performers who had to memorize large amounts of material in a short time.
Schlaf... | 6,129,298 |
441391 | Teleprompter | https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Teleprompter | Teleprompter
speech teleprompter to address the 1952 Republican National Convention in Chicago. U.S. Governor Paul A. Dever spoke at the 1952 Democratic National Convention, also held in Chicago, using a mechanical-roll teleprompter on a long pole held by a TV technician in the convention audience, while the 1952 Repub... | 6,129,299 |
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