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“Even the nations are Like a drop from a bucket. The nations are accounted Like dust on the scales. He takes up the isles Like fine dust. Lebanon would not provide fuel enough. Its animals are not enough for a burnt offering. All the nations are as nothing Before him. They are accounted by him As less than nothing, The seas (Sir 43:23-43:26) “By the Lord’s plan, He stilled the great deep sea. He planted islands in it. Those who sail the sea Tell of its dangers. We marvel at What we hear. In the sea Are strange creatures. In the sea Are marvelous works. There are All kinds of living things. There are Huge sea-monsters. Because of him, Each of his messengers succeeds. By his word All things hold together.” Next Sirach explains how the Lord controls and stills the seas. The Lord planted the islands in these seas. Many sailors tell of their dangerous adventures on the high seas, mostly on the Mediterranean Sea. Within these waters, there are many strange and marvelous creatures. Among the many living things in the sea are the sea monsters, in particular Leviathan that played a major role in biblical stories, particularly in the book of Job, chapter 41. All these things stay together because of the power of the Lord.
Question: How Do You Identify Symbols In Literature? What are common symbols in literature? While these objects don’t always carry symbolic meaning in a text, these are some of the most common symbols employed in literature.Rivers: In literature, rivers are typically symbols of life. Rain: Rain usually symbolizes a rebirth or a turning point. Winter: Winter most often symbolizes death or stagnation.More items…. What is theme of a story? In contemporary literary studies, a theme is a central topic, subject, or message within a narrative. Themes can be divided into two categories: a work’s thematic concept is what readers “think the work is about” and its thematic statement being “what the work says about the subject”. How can you identify a symbol that an author uses in a story? How can you identify a symbol that an author uses in a story? A. A symbol is always something concrete—like a bird or a whale or a ship—that is directly related to the main character. What are symbols examples? Some of the most common symbols are the:Heart symbol.Dove symbol.Raven symbol.Tree symbol.Owl symbol.And more. What is name this symbol? In English, the symbol * is generally called asterisk. How do you identify a symbol in a story? How to Tell When Something Is Really a SymbolLook at descriptions. If a character is always dressed in purple clothing and wearing a crown, these items probably symbolize the character’s power, wealth, and royal status. … Look for repetition. … Pay attention to the turning points in a story. How do you identify a symbol? Symbolism is the practice or art of using an object or a word to represent an abstract idea. An action, person, place, word, or object can all have a symbolic meaning. When an author wants to suggest a certain mood or emotion, he can also use symbolism to hint at it, rather than just blatantly saying it. Why are symbols used in literature? In literature, symbolism is used to produce an impact, which it accomplishes by attaching additional meaning to an action, object, or name. … In other words, symbolism allows a writer to convey something to their audience in a poetic way instead of saying it outright. What this symbol means? What is the most powerful symbol? What are themes and symbols? What are literary symbols? In literature, symbols are often characters, settings, images, or other motifs that stand in for bigger ideas. Authors often use symbols (or “symbolism”) to give their work with more meaning and to make a story be about more than the events it describes. What are common symbols? Some of the most popular symbols are:Heart symbol: this represents love, compassion and health.Dove symbol: this represents peace, love, and calm.Raven symbol: this represents death and doom.Tree symbol: this represents growth, nature, stability, and eternal life.Owl symbol: this represents wisdom and intelligence.More items…• What are signs and symbols in communication? Symbols can be used for both receptive and expressive communication. Objects, parts of objects, pictures, print, actions, gestures, signs, and speech can all be symbols. Symbols may start as cues and signals. If a child recognizes a cue out of context, that cue may be acting as a symbol. How do you analyze a symbol in literature? Follow these 8 easy steps to analyze symbolism in literature. Take notes. Keep track of objects, characters, and ideas. … Learn what a symbol is. … Look for detailed descriptions. … Look for “big idea” names. … Look for repetition. … Do research.
What Causes Red Smoke? What makes red smoke? It can be produced by smoke grenades, or by various other pyrotechnical devices. The mixture used for producing colored smoke is usually a cooler-burning formula based on potassium chlorate oxidizer, lactose or dextrin as a fuel, and one or more dyes, with about 40-50% content of the dye.. What does red smoke mean in war? Hostile TargetWhite = Used for conealment (No marking use) Green = Friendly Forces. Blue = Friendly Forces and/or LZ. Purple = LZ/Medevac LZ. Red = Hostile Target. What does Brown Smoke mean? What color smoke is bad? Blue/Gray Exhaust Smoke This type of exhaust usually indicates that you have an oil leak and that the engine is burning oil. There are multiple issues that can cause an oil leak, such as worn cylinder walls, leaking valve seals, or damaged piston rings. Can a smoke grenade kill you? They can be very dangerous White Phosphorus used for target marking can burn right through your arm. HC smoke can trigger asthma attacks and in tight spaces kill by suffocation. Do smoke grenades get hot? The reaction is exothermic and though they remain intact, smoke grenade casings will often remain scalding hot for some time even after the grenade is no longer emitting smoke. What color smoke means new pope? WhiteWhite smoke means a new Pope. AP The other stove releases either white or black smoke, which combines with the smoke from the burning paper ballots before it comes out of the chimney. What does the color of smoke mean? At times, black smoke can be an indicator that a manmade material is burning such as tires, vehicles or a structure. … As a general rule, the darker the smoke, the more volatile the fire is. Grey smoke can indicate that the fire is slowing down and running out of materials to burn. What chemicals create red smoke? Red Smoke RecipePotassium chlorate – 15%para-nitroaniline red – 65%Lactose – 20% What color is the color smoke? Can you legally own smoke grenades? It’s not illegal to buy them, it’s not illegal to use them, provided you’re over 18, you can pull that pin. Just use them on your own land or seek permission. If you cause panic or a disturbance then you most certainly will be breaking a law, so you must use discretion. How do you read a smoke signal? What does GREY smoke mean? A blue or grey colored smoke is typically caused by an engine that’s burning a significant amount of oil. If you’re lucky, this can be caused by a blocked PCV valve, which can start sucking oil into the engine. What are the 3 types of smoking? Cigarettes. Cigarettes are the most common way of consuming tobacco, especially among young people. … Cigars or Pipes. Contrary to popular opinion, smoking cigars or pipes is no less harmful to health than smoking cigarettes. … Storing or Chewing Tobacco in the Mouth. What does yellow smoke mean? Yellow smoke at a structure fire most likely indicates incomplete combustion. This is usually a very dangerous condition because it can lead to a back draft. … You will occasionally see flames in the smoke. This is because it is getting oxygen and it is still hot enough to ignite.
steal from steal from (someone or something) To take (money or property) from someone, some group, some institution, etc., illegally or without their knowledge or consent. A noun or pronoun can be used between "steal" and "from" to specify what is being stolen. People who sign onto social welfare when they don't really need it are just stealing from the government. After they caught their youngest son stealing money from them to pay for drugs, they had him shipped off to boarding school. Sarah has been accused of stealing food from the school cafeteria. See also: steal steal something from someone or something to take the property belonging to someone or something without permission; to commit the theft of something from someone or something. Max stole $50 from Henry. Lefty stole an apple from the fruit stand. See also: steal steal from someone or something to rob someone or something. You wouldn't steal from a poor man, would you? Max didn't feel bad about stealing from a bank. See also: steal See also: References in periodicals archive ? The author makes the point that one of the difficulties in preventing fraud is the problem of trying to predict who will steal from you. "We're just taking back what he and his evil monopoly steal from us." Reckless in the pursuit of a point, I immediately went and bought a copy of Windows XP to prove that acting morally is always cheaper than a guilty conscience. For example, most people who steal from their employers are never caught. Once used primarily by retail businesses, there are now honesty tests designed exclusively for the nursing home to assess the likelihood that an applicant will steal from his or her employer. No one wants to believe that an employee would steal from the institution or its residents.
Ch. 1 – Earth’s Systems & Resources 3rd rock from the sun, supports life, approx 4. 6 billion y/o Geologic Time Scale span of time on Earth, grouped by the changes on Earth largest span of time on geologic time scale; Archean, Proterozoic, Hadean, Phanerozoic 2nd largest span of time; includes Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic 3rd largest span of time; divided from eras Precambrian time the eons Hadean, Archean, and Proterozoic ; first eons; starts 4.55 billion yrs ago Crust (in relation to Earth’s layers) outermost layer of Earth; continental or oceanic; can fracture & lead to Earthquakes Oceanic Crust denser than other type; made of basalt (contains Fe and Mg); 3-6 mi thick Continental Crust high amount of granite (rich in Al); 22-44 mi thick makes up 80% of Earth’s volume; has upper/lower level; 1,802 mi thick Earth’s crust and upper mantle; rigid outer layer of Earth; broken into tectonic plates below lithosphere, above lower mantle; plastic-like substance that tends to flow lower mantle semi-rigid, flows very slowly; part of mantle center of the Earth; inner/outer layers; made of Fe and Ni inner core core layer; solid bc of extreme pressure from outer layers; 746 mi thick outer core core layer; molten bc of extreme heat; 10,832F; 1,249 mi thick seafloor spreading movement of the seafloor at the mid-ocean ridge mid-ocean ridge location where magma rises to surface; as it rises, it pushes away existing seafloor to make it spread apart transform plate boundaries faults; at zone of transform plate boundaries, slide in sideways motion; when pressure releases, causes EQs. i.e. San Andreas Fault & Alpine Fault (New Zealand) Divergent plate boundaries 2+ plates pull away from each other; i.e. mid-ocean ridges or E. Africa Rift Valley Convergent Plate Boundaries 2 plates move toward each other and one goes under the other; i. Best services for writing your paper according to Trustpilot Premium Partner From $18.00 per page 4,8 / 5 Writers Experience Recommended Service From $13.90 per page 4,6 / 5 Writers Experience From $20.00 per page 4,5 / 5 Writers Experience e. Andres Mtns (S America), Cascade Mtns (USA), Marianas Trench (Pacific Ocean) oceanic and continental plates in collision, with denser oceanic plate pushed below continental plate; why continental crust older than oceanic pressure released from build up of transform plate boundaries being pushed together then released strike-slip faults occur when plates slide past each other horizontally normal faults caused by tension from pulling apart motion reverse faults formed from compression openings in Earth’s surface that allow magma, gas, ash, cinder, etc to escape from mantle shield volcano large, broad sides, gradual slopes, usually have crater on top, typically erupt slowly. i.e., Mauna Loa (Hawaii), Mt Wrangwell (AL) Composite/Strato Volcanoes tall; symmetrical; steep; built from alt layers of ash, lava, cinders; explosions unpredictable. i,e, Mt Shasta (CA) & Mt. St. Helens (WA) cinder cone volcanoes made of lava that erupts in the form of cinders, which are blown into the air & settle around volcano opening; most common type. i. e. Crater Lake’s ex-volcano Health Effects of Volcano Explosions poor air quality, respiration problems, bone degeneration(Hydrogen Flouride); suffocation (ash/CO2); acid rain (SO2/HCl, HF) Atmospheric Effects ozone can be broken down (diminishes as gases reduce in atmos); global warming; contribute to smog; block out solar radiation/lower mean temps caused by tilt of Earth’s axis to its orbital plane & rotation around the sun when Earth is closest to the sun (Jan) Earth farthest from sun (July) Nitrogen (N) 78% of Earth’s atmos Oxygen (O) 21% of ttl comp of atmos short-term events of temp, wind, percipitation avging daily weather for at least 30 yrs Hadley air circulation cell occur close to equator; air warmed by strong solar radiation & rises; cools as it rises and sinks (0 to +/-30F) Ferrel air circulation cells occur at mid-latitudes; sinking air from Hadley cells and rising air of Artic cells create westerly surface winds Polar air circulation cells northernmost cells; contain cold, dense air moving toward poles, where it inks and moves back to mid latitudes Coriolis effect creates deflection of objects otherwise moving in a straight line bc of E’s rotation; causes winds in N. Hemi to deflect right and S. Hemi to deflect left El Nino period of ocean warming in e. tropical Pacific Ocean; surface waters heat up bc of undercurrents; air surface pressure increseases, creating milder climates in n US & wetter conditions in e US/Peru & SE Asia drier La Nina surface water temps colder than usual; occurs in 3-7 yr cycles 2.5% of water; 21% of the 2.5% is in form of groundwater/water vapor/lakes/rivers 3.5% salt; most of the water on earth; main salts being NaCl, MgCl, & CaCl parent material core component of soil biological weathering daily activities of organisms moving through/over souk physical (mechanical) weathering rock material broken down w/o chemical changes taking places (i. e. wind, water) chemical weathering chem rxns occur from H2O & atmos gases reacting w/ parent material O Horizon (organic litter) outermost layer of soil profile; composed of organic layer, inc. living organisms A Horizon (topsoil) mix of organic matter w. inorganic materials; inc weathered parent material; essential in plant growth/productivity (2nd layer); contains most nutrients for plant growth E Horizon (eluviated) 3rd layer deep; mainly mineral material B Horizon (subsoil) contains many items leached from above soil layers (4th layer deep) C Horizon (minimally weathered) 2nd to deepest layer of soil profile; weathered from parent material; experienced minimal erosion; contains mainly larger fragments R Horizon (bedrock) parent material; deepest layet Soil Porosity amt of open space between each soil particle; ratio to void space to ttl volume Soil Permeability ability for liquid to flow through soil fine particles; low permeability; particle diameter is less than .002 mm fine particles but larger thann clay. .002 to .05 mm larger than silt; high permeability; .05 to 2mm; not condusive to plant growth mixture of sand, silt, & clay; soils with pH clos to neutral are ideal for agriculture
What Does The French Motto Mean? What was the cause of the French Revolution? What is the another name of France? What is the official motto of France and what does it mean? Liberté, égalité, fraternité (French pronunciation: [libɛʁte eɡalite fʁatɛʁnite]), French for “liberty, equality, fraternity”, is the national motto of France and the Republic of Haiti, and is an example of a tripartite motto. What are the principles of the French Revolution? The three principles of French Revolution of 1789 were :Liberty : Liberty from oppression which was one of three main principles of French Revolution.Equality : Political, social and economic equality.Fraternity : Brotherhood among people. Did the French Revolution achieve its goals? What does Champere mean in French? More meanings for champêtre. rural adjective. rural, agreste. pastoral adjective. pastoral, bucolique, de pâture. What is the motto of France? What is the nickname of France and why? The Gaul was a time, more than two thousand years ago, where the borders were close to the ones of actual France. This is a humorous way to name France and to refer to its history. This part of history gave France its national animal symbol: The rooster. What were the main goals of the French Revolution? The three main goals of the French Revolution were liberty, equality, and fraternity. Liberty meant that everyone had all of their natural rights and freedoms. Equality meant that everyone would be equal in the eyes of the government. Fraternity meant that everyone would get along and respect each other’s rights. How do you call your lover in French? 1 – French Love NicknamesMon amour – my love.Mon ange – my angel.Mon trésor – my treasure.Mon coeur – my heart.Mon canard – my duck – yes, I know… … Mon chou – my sweet bun (un chou à la crème is a cream filled puff pastry) – “mon petit chou” is also quite common.Mon chouchou – comes from “mon chou”More items…• How did the French Revolution support the motto equality liberty and fraternity? The French Revolution supported the motto “Liberty, Equality, Fraternity” because it eliminated the old social classes, overthrew the monarchy and brought the church under state control; people of all social classes were citizens and they all had equal rights. When did France adopt the slogan Liberty Equality Fraternity? What is the old name of France? What does the French Revolution slogan mean? What started the French Revolution of 1848?
How To Treat Amnesia With Acupuncture and TCM loss of memory amnesia Anterograde amnesia can make it hard to form new memories. Are you experiencing unusual forgetfulness? Amnesia due to an injury or a brain disease like Alzheimer’s can cause loss of memory. TCM and acupuncture offer an alternative treatment for problems with memory loss due to different types of amnesia or dementia related to brain diseases like Alzheimer’s or Parkinson’s. Amnesia is often depicted in stories as the sudden loss of one’s memory, or even their whole identity, due to a traumatic accident of some sort. That kind of dramatic memory loss is rare in real life. Difficulty remembering events from one’s past is called retrograde amnesia. The most common type of amnesia, however, is anterograde amnesia, which causes short-term memory problems. People with anterograde amnesia may be able to remember facts they learned in school, and how to do things like play a sport or an instrument, but they have trouble remembering what they did earlier this morning, or what day of the week it is. Anterograde amnesia can have a serious impact on a person’s life, as it can make it difficult to retain new information, learn new skills, or form relationships with new people. Conditions like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s can affect memory and cause other types of cognitive impairment. Memory problems can be a part of dementia; the term “dementia” encompasses other kinds of cognitive decline in addition to memory loss. Being more forgetful is considered a common aspect of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). MCI is the term for changes in thinking patterns that occur in older adults, sometimes as a precursor to more serious dementia. “Amnestic MCI” pertains to short-term memory problems like forgetting recent events, appointments, and facts or names one might have been able to call up easily in the past. People suffering from depression and/or anxiety, and those with PTSD often experience short-term memory loss, forgetfulness, or a sense of confusion. At this point, there is no real medical solution for amnesia or other kinds of memory loss. There are no treatments that cure or reverse dementia or Alzheimer’s. Medications like cholinesterase inhibitors and memantine may help to slow the breakdown of certain neurotransmitters–brain chemicals that relate to memory and learning capacity. Cognitive therapy can help people work on their memory skills and teach them coping mechanisms, like using various forms of reminders and creating stable routines that help them continue to perform their daily tasks. Research has shown that TCM and acupuncture treatment have a positive impact on cognitive impairment, as measured both by memory assessments, as well as the impact on neurotransmitter activity in the brain. Top 5 Types of Amnesia Memory loss amnesia cognitive decline Memory loss can be a sign of cognitive decline or dementia. Amnesia is classified into two main categories: neurological amnesia and functional amnesia. Neurological amnesia is caused by some type of physical problem with the brain, either due to an injury, a stroke, a tumor, or diseases like Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s. Amnesia could also result from an infection that affects the brain, such as HIV, Lyme disease, or encephalitis. Functional amnesia is caused by some psychologically damaging event that causes a person to “block out” memories. This type of amnesia is considered a psychiatric disorder. 1. Retrograde amnesia – this type of amnesia occurs after a traumatic event or injury to the brain. It affects memories that were stored before the inciting event, but not necessarily the entire history of memories. Usually the events leading up the trauma are the ones that are compromised. 2. Anterograde amnesia – this type of amnesia causes short-term memory loss. While a person can still pay attention, they have trouble retaining new information or forming new memories related to current events. 3. Transient global amnesia – this type of amnesia incorporates both retrograde and anterograde types of memory loss, but only for a short period of time (anywhere from a few to 24 hours). This temporary loss of memory usually occurs in older people, perhaps because of some loss of blood flow to the brain (ischemia) or loss of oxygen to the brain (hypoxia), or even because of a seizure. 4. Dissociative amnesia – a mental health disorder in which a person blocks out memories or certain facts about their life after an emotionally traumatic event. This is sometimes known as “selective amnesia.” 5. Infantile amnesia – (or childhood amnesia) this term refers to the fact that most people do not have memories from the early years of their life. Other factors that can affect memory to the extent that they cause amnesia are severe alcoholism (when a person gets “blackout drunk” and cannot remember what has happened), severe nutritional deficiencies, thyroid issues, or exposure to radiation. Some drugs, like benzodiazepines, or anti-epileptic medications, can cause memory loss while the drug is in effect. Electroconvulsive Therapy (ECT) is sometimes used in psychiatric treatment to induce selective amnesia. Sometimes amnesia is temporary, such as after an injury. Once the brain heals, memory will often be restored. Amnesia due to brain damage, such as after a stroke, may be permanent, while amnesia caused by a degenerative disease like Alzheimer’s, may be progressive in nature. Acupuncture treatment can be beneficial for people with various types of memory loss, both by helping people heal after brain trauma, and helping to protect the brain and other organs from degeneration due to aging or other kinds of disease. Can Acupuncture Help Amnesia? acupressure point for memory TCM theory takes a different view of the organ systems of the body than conventional modern medicine does. Whereas memory loss, cognitive impairment, amnesia, and dementia are seen as primarily having to do with the brain, in TCM we see problems with memory and cognition as also being related to the function of the kidneys, liver, spleen, and heart. The kidneys, in particular, are believed to support the brain, so if the kidneys are weak, or congested with phlegm, this can lead to amnesia. The buildup of phlegm in the body can block the smooth flow of qi and blood, leading to a lack of nourishment to the brain. It can also block the channels of communication between the heart and the brain. This concept of phlegm is roughly analogous to the conventional medical view of how heart disease arises from the buildup of cholesterol clogging the arteries. TCM treatment for amnesia and dementia will often focus, then, on the clearing of phlegm from the channels, and working to resolve other conditions, like high blood pressure or diabetes, that are contributing to the problems of memory loss and cognitive deficits. Herbs have been used for many centuries in TCM to help improve memory function and stave off cognitive decline. In recent years, scientific research has begun to confirm that these herbs can work to reduce neurodegeneration. TCM herbal formulations have the benefit of being highly customizable, while being relatively free of potential negative side effects. Acupuncture has been demonstrated to help patients recover neurological function after traumatic brain injuries. Top 5 Tips for Improving Your Memory With TCM stimulating the fingertips Pressing the fingertips together Stimulating more blood flow to the brain can help boost your memory. Try these simple home remedies to help promote better cognitive function. 1. Acupressure Points for Memory – Find the tender spot right in the center of the top of the head. Stimulate this point, and the four points that can be found one inch away from the center in each direction: right, left, front, and back (see photo above). Apply gentle but deep, downward pressure with your finger to each of these five points 50-60 times each day. 2. Stimulate the Fingertips and Tips of the Toes – Hold the hands so that the tips of the fingers and thumbs touch. Gently press or stroke the corresponding fingers together, each stimulating the other, up to a hundred times. Practice daily. Similarly, gently press/stroke the tip of each toe, up to a hundred times per day. 3. Keep the Neck Supported – when the neck is stiff or out of alignment, blood flow to the head and brain may be compromised. If you have neck pain or tightness, be sure to address it adequately with acupuncture, a supportive pillow and appropriate sleeping position, and gentle exercise. 4. Dry Brush the Scalp – use a brush or comb to stimulate the whole scalp every day. This will help bring good blood flow to the head. 5. Massage the Ears – gently knead the whole outer ear, especially the ear lobe, until it is warm and red. This will stimulate many beneficial acupressure points located on the ear. Acupuncture Near Me for Memory Loss Perhaps someone close to you has begun to show worrying signs of cognitive decline or loss of memory. People who are suffering from amnesia and dementia associated with degenerative brain diseases like Alzheimer’s can benefit from an integrative approach that includes acupuncture and herbs. How to Treat Heel Pain With Acupuncture and TCM heel pain plantar fasciitis Heel pain is often due to inflammation of the large ligament that crosses the bottom of the foot, known as plantar fasciitis. Chronic bottom of heel pain, especially when you first get up in the morning? Heel pain can be due to plantar fasciitis, an inflammatory condition of the large ligament that supports the arch of the foot. Bone spurs in the foot (heel spur), Achilles tendonitis, and bursitis can also cause pain in back of heel. Acupuncture and TCM treatment offer relief from chronic plantar fasciitis pain and achilles tendon pain. Experiencing stiffness or pain in the heel when you first get up in the morning is a sign of plantar fasciitis. The sensation may improve as you warm up and move more throughout the day, or you may have severe, burning pain whenever you put your weight on the back part of your foot. The plantar fascia provides shock absorption and cushioning for the heel; when it is overused, small microtraumas and tears lead to inflammation. People with very flat feet, fallen arches, or very high arches are more prone to plantar fasciitis, as are older people. Stiffness above the heel is an indication of Achilles tendinitis. When the tendon that connects the muscles of the calf to the heel bone is strained, it can cause an aching sensation or pain in the back of the heel. This usually happens because of sudden overuse, like when a person decides to go for a long run when they haven’t exercised in a while, or when their sneakers are worn out. Achilles tendinitis is more common in men, and in people with high blood pressure. Stiffness in the ankle and side of foot pain can be due to posterior tibial tendonitis, which can develop when the heel bone shifts in such a way as to put extra stress on the outside of the ankle. Heel spurs–extra bone tissue on the bottom or back of the heel–develop due to over-stress of the foot. In most cases, the bone spurs on the foot don’t cause pain in and of themselves, but they often coincide with either plantar fasciitis or Achilles tendonitis, and the conditions aggravate each other. TCM modalities of acupuncture, electro-acupuncture, moxibustion, and herbal formulae have been shown to help relieve heel pain and inflammation due to all types of conditions, including plantar fasciitis and Achilles tendinopathy. Top 5 Heel Pain Causes anatomy of the foot the ligaments and tendons of the foot Pain in the heel and other types of bottom of foot pain can be due to one of or a combination of several different types of conditions: 1. Plantar fasciitis – about 2 million people are diagnosed in the U.S. each year with plantar fasciitis, which occurs when the connective tissues that support the bottom of the foot become inflamed, usually from repetitive use or being overloaded. Some athletes are prone to this type of inflammation due to constant stress on the foot. Health conditions like obesity and diabetes also make people more susceptible to plantar fasciitis heel pain. While this type of heel pain walking is generally attributed to inflammation, it is also due to the natural degeneration of collagen that occurs with age, making the connective tissues weaker and more brittle. 2. Heel spur – (bone spurs foot) refers to the extra growth of bone tissue on the bottom of the calcaneus (bone spur heel). Heel spurs often grow as the body’s reaction to plantar fasciitis; the two conditions can exist together or separately. Sometimes people with heel spurs aren’t aware of them, but bone spurs foot can cause sharp bottom of foot pain. Heel spurs often develop because of the stress of running or jogging, or wearing improper footwear. Posterior calcaneal exostosis, colloquially known as “pump bump”, is when there is abnormal growth of bone tissue on the back of the heel, usually due to wearing a certain style of shoe (pumps or high heels). 3. Bursitis – Bursa are small sacs of fluid that help to provide cushioning in various joints of the body. Calcaneal bursitis occurs when the bursae that sit between the Achilles tendon and the heel bone become inflamed. Heel bursitis is usually caused by too much impact on the ankle joint and heel while running or by wearing shoes that create a lot of pressure on the back of the heel. 4. Achilles tendonitis – (also spelled achilles tendinitis) When the tendon that runs from the heel up the back of the lower leg becomes inflamed, often due to a lot of jumping movements, it can create pain and stiffness in the back of the heel. This overuse injury is very common in middle aged adults who engage in sports like tennis or basketball only sporadically, and may not warm up adequately before running and jumping. 5. Gout – an arthritic condition in which a buildup of uric acid crystals causes swelling and pain in the joints of the foot. Pain in the heel can also be caused by a pinched nerve, or compression of the plantar nerve, or by bruising on the heel. Peroneal tendonitis, when the tendon that runs along the side of the ankle and then under the foot becomes inflamed and swollen, can also cause pain in the back of the heel. What Is the Treatment for Plantar Fasciitis? Conventional clinical medicine considers plantar fasciitis to be a self-limiting condition, which means that it will eventually improve on its own, with rest and modifications of movement. Doctors will usually recommend that people cease weight-bearing activities as much as possible. This can be extremely frustrating for patients, though, as it often means being advised to rest the foot for six to eighteen months. Physical therapy for plantar fasciitis that focuses on stretching and strengthening the plantar ligament may be recommended. Special orthotics, arch supports, or heel cups that provide cushioning can be helpful. Night splints are sometimes used to keep the foot and ankle in a position that keeps the ligament on the bottom of the foot stretched long, rather than shortened, while sleeping. For heel pain relief, doctors may administer steroid injections and other anti-inflammatory medications. Steroid injections do carry some risks; about one out of ten patients treated this way for plantar fasciitis pain experience a rupture of the plantar tissues, which can lead to an even more severely chronic condition. Of course, the problem with taking NSAIDS on a regular basis is that they can cause problems with the stomach lining and gastro-intestinal bleeding. If rest and other methods do not improve the situation after many months, then surgical release of the plantar fascia may be considered. Achilles tendonitis treatment is usually similarly conservative, involving rest and pain relievers. Unfortunately, recovery from the heel pain caused by plantar fasciitis or Achilles tendinitis is often a long, tedious process of abstaining from physical activity. For many people, whether they have jobs that require them to be on their feet or simply enjoy engaging in sports, it may feel impossible to stick to the standard treatment program. Acupuncture treatment offers a way to help relieve pain and inflammation and speed the healing of plantar fasciitis. Acupuncture for Heel Pain heel pain foot soak Soaking feet in warm water with TCM herbs can help reduce inflammation and heel pain. TCM takes a holistic view of pain conditions such as heel pain. While undoubtedly heel pain is caused largely by inflammation in the soft tissues of the foot and calf, there are often other underlying factors that cause these kinds of injuries to happen to people in middle age. In TCM philosophy the kidneys are believed to provide support and nourishment to the bones; this concept is called “kidney governing bone.” Heel pain and heel spurs occur due to deficiencies or excesses of the kidney Qi. Soft tissues such as the plantar ligament and the Achilles tendon are governed by the liver. Thus, acupuncture treatment for heel pain, heel spurs, plantar fasciitis, and Achilles tendinitis will often involve using acupoints to strengthen and tonify the Kidney Qi and Liver Qi. Acupuncture is known to be effective for helping to relieve pain due to inflammatory conditions of all kinds, and also for helping to increase the production of collagen, which helps to keep the connective tissues of the foot and calf strong and supple. Acupuncture helps the healing of ligaments and tendons by improving reducing inflammation, improving blood flow and cell repair. The ancient textbook of Chinese medicine, The Yellow Emperor’s Classic of Internal Medicine, even describes a specific acupuncture technique used to promote healing in the Achilles tendon. Herbs can be used both internally and externally to help heel pain. An herbal formula that is steeped in warm water and used as a daily foot soak can be especially helpful for relieving swelling in the heel and pain in the bottom of the foot. One research study compared patients treated with corticosteroid injections for plantar fasciitis versus patients treated with acupuncture. Six months later, the patients who had steroid shots reported a 76% effective rate, while the patients who’d had acupuncture reported a 97% effective rate. A hospital study compared two groups of patients – some treated with integrated protocol of acupuncture and warm herbal foot baths, and the others treated with the herbal foot baths only. The effective rate for the foot-soaking only was 69%, and the effective rate jumped up another 22% for the patients who also had acupuncture. A systematic review of four studies involving acupuncture for patients with plantar fasciitis heel pain showed a significant reduction in pain after 4-8 weeks of treatment. Top 5 Tips for Heel Pain good athletic shoes Be sure to choose supportive shoes with plenty of cushioning. Prevention of heel pain involves mindfulness around your preparations for physical activity. The right gear and the regular practice of plantar fasciitis exercises can help prevent injury to the tendons of the foot. 1. Wear good-fitting, properly supportive shoes – whenever you walk, run, or work out. Replace them regularly, even if you haven’t worn them much, because cushioning materials can break down over time, even when the shoes are just sitting in your closet. 2. Warm up – taking the extra time to warm up before and cool down after running and jumping is always important, for all of the muscles of the body, but especially for the feet and lower legs. Be sure to adequately warm up the calf muscles, and stretch them before and after your primary workout. 3. Vary your workout – cross-training, which means alternating different types of activities, not only helps to improve your overall cardiovascular and muscular fitness, but it also prevents repetitive use injuries that can occur when you run every day. Focus on resting the feet some days, by riding your bike or swimming instead of running or doing high-intensity aerobics. 4. Soak your feet – before bed, soak heels in warm water to help improve circulation. 5. Manage your weight – Heel pain is usually related to how much pressure the foot has to withstand on a daily basis. Maintaining a lower body weight will help take the pressure off the heels. Losing weight while being asked to stay off your feet can be especially difficult, so talk with your TCM provider about a healthy food plan for weight loss. Once your heel pain has improved, you will need to take these steps to prevent heel pain from returning in the future. Acupuncture Near Me for Heel Pain The typical treatment for heel pain can last for several months, with unpredictable results. If you have been suffering from plantar fasciitis or Achilles tendonitis, and want to heal from heel pain more quickly, it is worth it to give acupuncture a try. At Art of Wellness, we have over 30 years of experience helping patients get relief from pain conditions of all kinds. Get back on your feet again with acupuncture for heel pain! How to Treat Bloated Stomach With Acupuncture and TCM By Xiaomei Cai, L.Ac,. Ph.D. & Qineng Tan, L.Ac., Ph.D. bloated stomach pain Bloated stomach after eating can be painful and embarrassing. Do you feel constantly gassy or have a bloated stomach after eating? Digestive problems like gastritis or colitis can cause abdominal bloat. Stress and hormonal imbalances can also contribute to inflammation and bloated stomach pain. Acupuncture and TCM herbs can help improve digestion and relieve abdominal bloating. Abdominal bloating occurs when gas builds up in the gastrointestinal tract, filling the stomach and/or intestines with air. This can cause the belly area to get swollen and distended. Bloating can cause an inflated belly, sharp pain in the abdomen, belching and flatulence, nausea, or a sudden strong urge to go to the bathroom. Bloating can be related to fluid retention; this is sometimes called “water bloat.” Problems with digestion that lead to a feeling of heaviness, “like a rock” in your belly after eating, are common. People who have been diagnosed with some type of functional gastro-intestinal disorder (FGID)–like irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) or dyspepsia (indigestion)–are extremely likely to experience abdominal pain and bloating after eating, while up to 30% of all people report having bloating at least some of the time. Inflammation in the walls of the stomach (gastritis) or intestine (ulcerative colitis) can also cause bloating. Women often feel bloated before or during their menstrual period, and female reproductive disorders like endometriosis, fibroids (leiomyoma of the uterus), and PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) can cause abdominal pain and bloating. FGIDs can be very hard to manage; it may be difficult to get a clear diagnosis or effective medical treatment. Problems like constipation, diarrhea, nausea, abdominal pain and bloating are highly subjective, and people are often made to feel like it’s normal to have these issues, or that all they need to do is avoid certain foods. Feelings of anxiety and depression are common among people who suffer from moderate to severe bloating on a regular basis. This can become a vicious cycle, as the pain and swelling of the abdomen causes anxiety, and the physiological effects of the emotional stress trigger the bloating to happen again and again. Sometimes people dread eating meals because they are so afraid of the painful and embarrassing bloated stomach. Digestive upsets are complex to treat because there can be many factors contributing to the discomfort. So many different conditions can cause bloating, it can be hard to get a clear handle on the true cause. This is a case when TCM methods of diagnosis offer many advantages, because a TCM practitioner will be able to study the whole picture presented by a patient and pinpoint what underlying conditions are causing gas and distension. Acupuncture and herbs can help resolve abdominal bloating and other symptoms at their root source. Top 10 Abdominal Bloating Causes abdominal bloating Abdominal bloating and anxiety can go hand in hand. Why might someone feel bloated and gassy all the time? Many different types of gastrointestinal disorders can contribute to a bloated belly and excess gas, as can hormonal and emotional changes. What causes abdominal bloating can be one issue or a combination of factors: 1. Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) 2. Inflammatory bowel disease, Ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s Disease 3. Gastritis, stomach ulcers, inflammation of the stomach 4. Food intolerance, gluten intolerance, celiac disease 5. PMS, menstruation 6. Stress, anxiety, depression 7. Pregnancy 8. Constipation 9. Liver disease 10. Abdominal adhesions, or scar tissue from surgeries Eating behaviors like eating too quickly, swallowing air while eating, or eating fiber-rich foods that cause gas like beans, can lead to bloating. Drinking a lot of carbonated beverages can lead to excess gas in the GI tract. Smoking can also be a factor. Some medications can cause bloating as a side effect, including antibiotics, oral birth control pills, opioid pain medications, medicines to relieve constipation, and even some supplements, like iron pills. Cancers of the abdominal organs, such as ovarian cancer, stomach cancer, colon cancer, or pancreatic cancer, can also cause bloating in the belly. Gallstones or gallbladder disease, kidney problems, and liver problems can all cause stomach pain and bloating. Medical Treatment for Abdominal Bloating Many people do not seek medical help for bloating, trying to manage it on their own with over the counter medications that promise relief from gas pain and acid reflux. Antacids only help with the kind of bloating that is caused by food, though; they don’t help with bloating related to FGIDs, hormones, or emotional stress. When a person does ask their primary care doctor or even a gastroenterologist for help with bloating, they may find that the treatment options are very limited. Doctors will usually reassure patients that gas and bloating, while uncomfortable, are not actually dangerous. Then, they will often advise that patients go on a strict elimination diet, cutting out wheat, dairy, and most vegetables and legumes. Sometimes doctors will prescribe antibiotics to alter the balance of gut bacteria. Antidepressants are sometimes prescribed to help with bloating. Conventional medical science still has a ways to go to fully understand the underlying causes of digestive problems like bloating. Because bloating is not viewed as a disorder in and of itself, not much serious research has been done to show what types of treatments work best to get rid of bloating. TCM treatment has been shown in a randomized controlled trial, a peer-reviewed study, and a hospital-based investigation to help in relieving stomach pain due to chronic gastritis. How Can Acupuncture Help With Bloating? TCM offers a multidisciplinary approach to the digestive problems, hormone imbalances, and emotional upsets that can cause bloating. An experienced acupuncturist is able to use methods of diagnosis such as studying the appearance of the tongue, feeling the pulse, and asking lots of questions about how and when the symptoms occur to find the specific pattern of imbalance that is causing gastric distress. Different presentations of digestive conditions that may cause abdominal bloating and pain include: 1. Spleen/Stomach Deficiency – characterized by symptoms: chronic bloating, poor appetite, feel worse after eating, pallor, and fatigue. This type of bloating can be caused by antibiotics, too much raw or fermented food, eating disorders, a long period of illness, or chronic inflammatory disorders. 2. Damp-Phlegm – symptoms include: distended stomach, nausea, acid reflux, diarrhea. This type of bloating can be caused by dietary habits that include excess sugar, alcohol, fatty or fried foods, and dairy products. Can also be related to damp environmental conditions. 3. Liver Qi stagnation – common symptoms are: stomachaches, stomach gurgling, belching, and constipation. This type of bloating can be caused by stress, feelings of anxiety or anger, and irregular, emotional eating behaviors. TCM treatment for abdominal bloating will use acupuncture and herbs to bring the stomach and liver back into harmonious function, clearing phlegm and improving digestion. Treatment will be individualized based on the underlying causes of the imbalance; if reproductive hormones are involved, then that factor will be taken into consideration when preparing the herbal formula. If mental health issues are a factor, specific points will be added to help relieve anxiety. Naturally, your acupuncturist will have some clear instructions on how to optimize your nutrition to reduce bloating. Top 5 Tips for How to Stop Bloating bloated stomach eating habits Pay attention while you’re eating, and be sure to chew food thoroughly. While bloating may be caused by all sorts of different factors, there is no doubt that making some changes to your eating habits will probably have an impact on how bloated you feel. What helps bloating may be different for each person’s constitution or lifestyle, so it will be very helpful to have an in-depth conversation with your acupuncture provider about what bloating diet is best for you. 1. Chew your food thoroughly. Many people eat fast, and don’t pay much attention to chewing their food well before they swallow. Food is really meant to be broken down and mixed with saliva in the mouth before it moves down the esophagus and into the stomach. Skipping this important step by swallowing half-chewed food means that your stomach has to produce more acid and work much harder to digest the food before it moves deeper into your gastrointestinal tract. Eating too quickly can also easily lead to eating more than you need. It takes about 20 minutes for your brain to receive the message that the stomach is full. Chew slowly, and enjoy every bite; this will improve your digestion. 2. Avoid icy cold drinks and foods. Cold liquids are shocking and unfriendly to your internal organs, both those of the digestive tract and the female reproductive organs. Constantly drinking ice-cold beverages irritates the smooth muscle tissues of the stomach, intestines, and uterus. Drink more warm liquids, which are soothing to these organs. 3. Ginger tea – many of our herbal formulations include slices of fresh ginger to help soothe the stomach and GI tract. Ginger helps the body to produce more of the digestive enzymes that work to break down food, and relieves cramping in the belly. All you need to do is keep a knob of fresh ginger on hand, cut two or three slices and steep in hot water as you would a teabag. Sip anytime, but especially before meals, to help relieve gastritis pain and bloating. 4. Choose foods in harmony with the season. Raw foods are appropriate in the summer, but in the winter, it’s better to eat cooked foods. Eating more bitter-tasting foods, like dark leafy greens, helps the liver and kidneys. 5. Use acupressure to help relieve bloating and gassiness. Acupoints are located along the meridians and correspond to various organ systems. Applying gentle, steady, downward pressure to acupoint ST36 (Zu San Li), which is associated with the stomach, can help to relieve bloating, stomach pain, nausea, and feelings of stress. ST36 is located on the outer edge of the shin bone, about 4 finger widths beneath the kneecap. Acupuncture Near Me for Abdominal Bloating TCM offers a holistic approach to digestive problems of all kinds. Symptoms like abdominal bloating, stomach pain, and gassiness are usually signs that there is a deeper problem. If you haven’t been able to solve the problem of bloating with conventional medicine or dietary changes, you may be able to get help for digestive difficulties with acupuncture and herbs. How To Treat ED With Acupuncture and TCM man smoking Smoking can contribute to ED in men. Let’s face it: most men have probably had trouble getting hard on occasion, but if it’s happening 50% of the time, or more often, then it may be a sign of men ED, or erectile dysfunction. ED refers to the inability to get or maintain an erection, making it difficult to have sexual intercourse. Acupuncture and TCM offer a natural solution for low sex drive and reproductive health problems, without over the counter ED pills. In the past few decades, this condition, which used to be referred to as “impotence,” has come to be perceived as a men’s health issue or a men’s fitness issue that can be treated medically, rather than a personal problem. While it’s great that men can get help from doctors for this condition without embarrassment or shame, ED medications may not solve the problem for everyone. Stress, hormones, nutrition, exercise, emotions, and relationship dynamics all play a role in ED. ED can have a serious impact on a man’s quality of life, as it affects self-esteem, romantic relationships, and fertility. It is estimated that about 30 million men in the U.S. experience erectile dysfunction (ED). By age 60, over 40% of men will probably experience ED. While ED drugs and over the counter ED pills help some men with ED symptoms, many men cannot use these medications because they interfere with others that are commonly used to treat heart disease. Acupuncture and TCM provide an alternative treatment for ED that can help men with this issue. Top 10 Causes of ED ED is a complex problem, which can involve both physical and mental components. A physical problem that causes a man to experience ED a few times may lead to emotional stress around sex and low sex drive, making the problem worse. Because the brain and hormones contribute so vitally to arousal and erection, sometimes depression, anxiety, or interpersonal feelings are the main cause of the issue. Some of the most common physical causes of ED include: 1. Heart problems, high blood pressure, clogged arteries, high cholesterol 2. Diabetes 3. Obesity 4. Use of certain prescription medications (antihypertensives, antidepressants) 5. Neurological conditions, such as Parkinson’s disease or Multiple Sclerosis 6. Alcoholism or excessive consumption of alcohol 7. Smoking cigarettes/tobacco 8. Prostate problems like enlarged prostate or prostate cancer 9. Lack of sleep, sleep disorders 10. Low testosterone Sometimes erectile dysfunction is the reason men discover that they have a heart condition or diabetes that they didn’t realize they had. When high cholesterol causes plaque to build up in the blood vessels, it’s not only the heart that is affected. Atherosclerosis (narrowing of the arteries) can also affect a man’s ability to get an erection by restricting blood flow to the penis. Inability to maintain an erection can be a sign that a man has hypertension. What Is the Treatment for ED? The most common medical treatment for men with ED are PDE-5 medications (like Viagra, Cialis, or Levitra), which work to dilate the blood vessels that supply blood to the penis. These ED drugs lower the blood pressure, which is why they cannot be used in conjunction with some other medications, including nitroglycerin or Imdur. If a man were to take both his ED pills and these medications, it could cause dangerously low blood pressure. Some men experience side effects of taking these ED meds, including: headaches, blurred vision, dizziness, hot flushes, muscle pain, and diarrhea. In rare cases, men may have a painful erection that lasts longer than four hours (priapism), which can require medical treatment and/or cause permanent damage. If necessary, a doctor may numb the penis and use a needle to drain the blood that is trapped there, or use decongestant medications to help relieve the swelling. Other forms of therapy for ED include penile implants and penile injections. TCM acupuncture treatment for ED does not involve any needles inserted into the penis itself. How Can Acupuncture Help ED? man exercising in the sun Acupuncture brings balance to the body, mind ,and emotions According to TCM theory, ED is classified as a Jin Wei disorder and can follow one of a few patterns: 1. Liver qi stagnation 2. Blood stasis 3. Kidney deficiency TCM also acknowledges that stress, emotional and mental health disturbances are often a primary cause of ED, and seeks to incorporate counseling and awareness-building, both with the patient, and with the patient’s partner, if applicable. Sessions with a TCM provider usually involve plenty of discussion and feedback; patients feel heard and understood, which can go a long way towards relieving anxiety surrounding the ED or other sexual disorders. TCM treatment for ED will include both acupuncture and herbs, which, combined, help to address the weakness or blockages that have developed around the liver and kidneys, strengthening the liver qi, relieving stagnation, and clearing dampness. One study showed that, after a course of treatment including 3-5 acupuncture treatment sessions and daily herbal supplementation, almost half of the men reported satisfaction with the results. Another study found that about two-thirds of the men who received TCM treatment reported feeling that they were “cure,” while the other third reported improved erections, but still felt that they needed more help. The group who received placebo treatment did not report improvement. Top 5 Tips for ED Men’s Fitness man lifting weights Building muscle can help boost testosterone levels. The desire to overcome ED and get your sex life back on track can be a great motivation to clean up your diet and get rid of habits you know have been holding you back from peak men’s health. Your acupuncturist can help you plan the best diet for men to help regulate hormones, reduce cholesterol, improve circulation, boost heart health and energy. 1. Eliminate alcohol, tobacco, and other recreational drugs. You may feel like these substances help you to relax and get in the mood, but on a deeper physiological level, they are compounding the problem. 2. Get more exercise. Ideally, balance cardio with some weight training. Losing fat and building muscle will help to balance the hormones and increase testosterone levels. 3. Take care of your mental health and emotional well-being. Foster open and honest communication about ED with your partner. Acquaint yourself with men’s and women’s health issues, so that you can care for each other with empathy. 4. Reduce stress. Prioritize a balanced, healthy lifestyle. Making time for yourself through regular exercise, meditation, and healing modalities like acupuncture can help improve your performance in all other areas of your life 5. Get adequate sleep. When the body doesn’t get the deep rest it needs, it can lose all kinds of functionality. Acupuncture Near Me for ED ED is a sensitive men’s health issue. Knowing that it’s a common problem that affects lots of other men may help a little, but if ED is becoming a sexual problem that is negatively affecting your life and relationships, it’s worth it to seek out help for erectile dysfunction. If conventional medical treatment for ED isn’t working or isn’t an option, or if you want to take a more holistic approach that will help also boost your fertility and longevity, consider acupuncture treatment for ED. How to Treat Candida With Acupuncture and TCM By Xiaomei Cai, L.Ac., Ph.D., & Qineng Tan, L.Ac., Ph.D. coated tongue A coated tongue may be a sign of candida. Why do I keep getting yeast infections? White patches on the tongue? It could be the common fungal infection Candida, also known as Candidiasis or a yeast infection. Candida infection can happen to people of all ages and in different parts of the body. Acupuncture and TCM Chinese herbs can help resolve recurrent yeast infections and thrush in the mouth. Candida albicans, the species of candida fungus that most often causes candidiasis, is a type of yeast that naturally exists in the human body. When the population of candida is kept to normal levels, it causes no harm; in fact, it acts to help digestion and the absorption of nutrients from food. But when proliferation of the fungus gets out of control, candida can cause burning pain, redness and inflammation, and difficulty with normal processes like eating, digestion, and elimination. In extreme cases, candidiasis can cause serious illness. Candida overgrowth most often happens in the mouth (known as “thrush”), or in the genital area (usually called a “yeast infection”). Thrush in babies’ mouth commonly affects very young infants, creating white or yellow patches or sores in and around the mouth that can affect feeding. Thrush in adults is less common, but can occur when someone’s immune system is weak, or if they wear dentures or use medications for dry mouth, causing the typical white patches, cracks in the corners of the lips, and burning sensations in and around the mouth and throat. Most women have probably experienced a vaginal yeast infection at some point in their lives. This type of candida causes burning and itching in the vulva and vagina along with a white, clumpy discharge. Candidiasis can also affect men, causing an itchy rash on the penis. Is candida or thrush contagious? It’s rare for a person to “catch” a fungal infection from another person, but it is possible, for example, for a person to pass a yeast infection to his or her partner through sexual contact. It is also possible for a mother to develop thrush on her nipples from nursing her baby who has oral candidiasis. Candida overgrowth can affect other parts of the body, including the finger or toe nails (candidal paronychia), and especially areas of the skin that tend to be damp and sweaty, like the armpits or the creases around the groin. In some cases, invasive candidiasis can get deeper into the body, infecting the gastrointestinal system or even getting into the bloodstream, which can lead to infection of various organs, including the eyes, heart or kidneys. This type of candida infection can become serious, causing fever, and even sepsis, which can be fatal. Candida overgrowth creates different problems for different people. That is why TCM, acupuncture, and herbal medicine provide an excellent way to treat candida. TCM theory of candidiasis treatment allows for a highly individualized approach to each patient, so that we can get rid of yeast infections for good. Top 5 Types of Candida Infection thrush in babies mouth thrush in babies’ mouth can affect feeding Candida overgrowth can occur in different parts of the body. The most common kinds of yeast infection or candida are: 1. Oral candidiasis – also known as thrush in mouth, or yeast infection in the mouth. Thrush in babies usually occurs because the infection passes from the mother’s vaginal area to the baby during birth, and the infant’s immune system is not developed enough to fight it. What thrush on tongue looks like: white patches that can be wiped off. 2. Vaginal candidiasis – commonly known as a vaginal yeast infection, candidiasis of the female genitals causes redness, burning, and “cottage cheese-like” discharge. 3. Candidal balanitis – candida infection of the male genitals happens particularly in uncircumcised men. More recent research has led some medical professionals to believe that fungal infections may cause a prostate problem, infection in prostate, prostatitis symptoms, enlarged prostate symptoms, and symptoms to prostate cancer. 4. Cutaneous candidiasis – or yeast infection on skin. Candida can cause diaper rash in babies, and red, itchy, peeling patches in areas where the skin has many folds and creases. Candidiasis can also infect the fingernails, toenails and nail beds. 5. Invasive candidiasis – When candida gets into the digestive tract or bloodstream, it can cause a serious systemic infection that affects the blood, heart, brain, esophagus, and/or digestive tract. This happens most often in people with compromised immune systems, especially people with HIV or who are undergoing chemotherapy for cancer. Candida overgrowth can also lead to symptoms of fatigue, chronic allergies, chronic sinusitis or post-nasal drip. Central nerve damage, constant irritability, and chronic fatigue syndrome are all signs that a person may have a deep candida infection. What Causes Candida? Candida yeasts are present in every human body. What causes candidiasis is abnormal fungal overgrowth due to a lack of friendly bacteria or a weakened immune system. Women often get yeast infections during pregnancy because of changes in the balance of bacteria in their pelvic area. Antibiotics, steroids, birth control pills, and chemotherapy drugs can all contribute to candidiasis by affecting the gut flora. Just a few rounds of antibiotics can destroy all of the healthy bacteria we need to maintain proper balance. Personal habits and hygiene mishaps, like wearing too-tight pants or the same sweaty workout clothes all day, can also lead to yeast infections. Food choices can also play an important role in whether or not a person is prone to yeast infections. It may be recommended that people go on a “candida cleanse” or special candida diet to help stop the candida overgrowth. How Do You Treat Candida? yeast infection medicine OTC anti-fungal creams for yeast infection Often a mild case of candidiasis in the mouth will go away within a few weeks on its own. If oral thrush treatment is needed, a doctor may prescribe antifungal nystatin drops, mouthwash, or lozenges. Cutaneous candida (skin infection), vaginal yeast infections, and male genital infections will usually be treated with antifungal medications such as Fluconazole, which can be taken orally, or topical antifungal creams like Nystatin. These antifungals may help to alleviate the symptoms of candidiasis by stopping the yeast overgrowth. However, for many people who experience recurrent yeast infections, they are only a temporary solution. Frequent use can build up an antifungal resistance. When candida keeps coming back, there is surely a deeper cause for the ongoing yeast infections. Azoles and other types of antifungal medications are used to stop the growth of the candida in patients with invasive candidiasis. Unfortunately, they can also be toxic to other organs, like the kidneys. For people who are already in poor health, these medications may cause more harm. Acupuncture and TCM provide a method for dealing with candidiasis while improving immune function, and revitalizing the health of the skin, reproductive organs, digestive tract, or whatever parts of the body are affected by candida overgrowth. How Can Acupuncture Help Candida? In TCM philosophy, the spleen and stomach play important roles in digestion, especially the transformation of one fluid into another, and the movement of fluids through the digestive and eliminative organs. Basically, in TCM, the spleen is responsible for turning what we eat and drink into healthy blood and Qi (life force energy). When the spleen and stomach are weak and not working well, excess fluid builds up and encourages the candida yeasts to reproduce. Candida is considered to be caused by spleen/stomach deficiency and dampness. When dampness collects in the pelvic region, it creates phlegm and leads to congestion and heaviness. This is what can lead to vaginal yeast infections or a prostate problem in men. In other cases, the improper functioning of the stomach causes heat and fire to develop in the upper part of the body, which can cause thrush in the mouth, or the kind of invasive candidiasis that affects the heart. Your acupuncturist will work to improve spleen and stomach function to restore balance of the intestinal flora with a combination of acupuncture, customized herbs, and a complete nutritional analysis to create an appropriate diet to cleanse candida from the system. Acupuncture treatment will strengthen and tonify the spleen and other organs. Herbs can be used internally and externally to help relieve candidiasis. TCM formulations that have developed over many centuries are known to have antifungal and antibacterial properties. Several studies have demonstrated the efficacy of using herbs in external forms for women’s genital infections. Using herbs via steam, hip bath, or douche bypasses the digestive system so that the herbs can directly help to reduce inflammation and discharge. Top 5 Candida Diet Tips daikon radish daikon radish helps get rid of candida A TCM practitioner will focus on creating and implementing a food program that helps to clear dampness from the body. Candida infection tends to occur when the body is more acidic. A diet that is high in refined sugars and meats and low in vegetables tends to create a lower PH level (below 7). Eating more dark green leafy vegetables will help to make the body more alkaline. It is also very important to check behavioral habits that might be contributing to the yeast overgrowth. 1. Avoid all refined sugars, sweeteners, sweets, and even fruits. These foods all cause the candida yeast to spread more quickly. Stay away from foods with yeasts in them, like bread, crackers, packaged cereals, and pretzels. Vinegar and alcohol should also be cut out of the diet until the situation improves. 2. Avoid milk, cheese, eggs, and red meats, and emphasize instead lots of green vegetables. Chlorophyll (the phytonutrient present in all green leaves) is especially helpful for getting rid of candidiasis. Stay away from eating fungi, like mushrooms, and pickled vegetables. 3. Eat more warm, cooked foods, especially soups and rice, which are easy to digest. Other helpful foods include orange and yellow winter squashes and daikon radish. 4. Use a baking soda solution (1-2% solution) to douche or as a hip bath to help get rid of a vaginal yeast infection. 5. Taking a high quality probiotic supplement can help to restore proper balance of the gut flora and control yeast growth. Be sure to keep the skin in sensitive areas clean and dry, but avoid using harsh soaps or deodorants. Avoid too-hot showers or baths, especially in shared spaces. Always change out of wet bathing suits and workout clothes right away. Wear loose clothing made of natural fibers. Find Acupuncture Near Me for Candida It can be very frustrating to suffer with recurrent yeast infections. If you keep getting yeast infections, it may be time to try a different treatment to help get rid of them. New parents who are worried about thrush in babies may find that starting to work with a TCM provider offers a safe, natural alternative to antibiotics and other medications. You may discover that an integrative approach to solving problems with candidiasis works better in the long run than over the counter creams or prescriptions to get rid of candida.
The brain is a particularly power-hungry part of our bodies, consuming 20% of the oxygen we take in and 25% of the glucose. That’s why it’s so important that it can stay powered, using the glucose to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the “energy courier” of the body. This chemical process, known as glycolysis, happens in both the intracellular fluid and a part of cells known as the mitochondria. But as we get older, our brain cells become less adept at making ATP, something that broadly correlates with less glucose availability. That might suggest that more food for more glucose might actually be a good thing. On the other hand, it is known that a healthier diet actually leads to longer life. Unravelling the mystery surrounding these two contradictory pieces of knowledge might lead to a better understanding of healthier, longer lifespans. A team led by Associate Professor Kanae Ando studied this problem using Drosophila fruit flies. Firstly, they confirmed that brain cells in older flies tended to have lower levels of ATP, and lower uptake of glucose. They specifically tied this down to lower amounts of the enzymes needed for glycolysis. But that’s not all. In a further twist, the team put the flies with enhanced glucose uptake under dietary restrictions, to see how the effects interact. Now, the flies had even longer lifespans. Curiously, the increased glucose uptake did not actually improve the levels of glucose in brain cells. The results point to the importance of not just how much glucose there is, but how efficiently it is used once taken into cells to make the energy the brain needs. Though the anti-aging benefits of a restricted diet have been shown in many species, the team were able to combine this with improved glucose uptake to leverage the benefits of both for even longer lifespans in a model organism. Further study may provide vital clues to how we might keep our brains healthier for longer. Journal article:
Answer question #1 and then either question #2 or #3 (you don’t have to answer both). Question #1: Read the following case study. Then, using Gottman’s perspective on marital conflict (including the Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse) along with other concepts discussed in class, write an essay analyzing the conflict displayed in this case. Your answer should be approximately 4 pages long double-spaced. To guide your analysis consider the following:
Analyses of Microbial Populations and Antibiotic Resistance Present in Stored Swine Manure from Underground Storage Pits Why Study Antibiotic Resistance in Manure? Antimicrobial compounds have been commonly used as feed additives for domestic animals to reduce infection and promote growth. Recent concerns have suggested such feeding practices may result in increased microbial resistance to antibiotics, which can have an impact on human health. As part of our research project we have been studying the commensal microbial populations present in stored swine manure and the swine GI tract. We have extended this work to include studies on the antibiotic resistance present in these populations. What did we do? Predominant microbial populations were identified by both pure culture isolations and direct 16S rDNA sequencing of total DNA from swine feces and stored manure samples. Antibiotic resistance was analyzed using similar pure culture isolation methods. Pure cultures were isolated following plating on anaerobic and aerobic media containing tetracycline, tylosin, or erythromycin. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analyses using primers based on a variety of antibiotic resistance genes was carries out with both pure culture isolates and total DNA from swine feces and stored manure. What have we learned? Results of pure culture isolation and direct 16S rDNA gene sequence analyses indicate that the bacterial populations of the swine GI tract (feces) and stored manure ecosystems are predominantly composed of anaerobic, low mole %G+C, Gram-positive bacteria, most of which represent novel genera and species. Results of antibiotic resistance gene PCR studies demonstrated the presence of a variety of tet (e.g., tetK, tetO) and erm (e.g., ermA, ermC) resistance gene classes in both anaerobic and aerobic pure cultures and total DNA from both swine feces and stored manure, as well as the identification of novel bacteria containing new resistance genes. Comparison of DNA sequences suggests that horizontal transfer of resistance genes between bacterial strains has also occurred. The data indicate that both the swine gastrointestinal (GI) tract and stored swine manure may serve as reservoirs of known and novel antibiotic resistant bacteria and resistan ce genes. Future Plans We are interested in developing methods to reduce antibiotic resistance in the swine GI tract and stored manure, and to determine if antibiotic resistance genes present in these ecosystems can be transferred to bacteria that may affect human health (e.g., E. coli, Salmonella, Campylobacter). Terence R. Whitehead, Research Microbiologist, USDA-ARS- National Center for Agricultural Utililzation Research, Peoria, IL 61604 Additional information Terence R. Whitehead, NCAUR, 1815 N. University St., Peoria, IL 61615 309-681-6272 USDA-ARS-NCAUR-Bioenergy Research Unit: Cotta, M.A., Whitehead, T.R., and Zeltwanger, R.L. Isolation, Characterization, and Comparison of Bacteria from Swine Faeces and Manure Storage Pits. (2003) Env. Microbiol. 5:737-745. Whittle, G., Whitehead, T.R., Hamburger, N., Shoemaker, N.B., Cotta, M.A., and Salyers, A.A. Identification of a new ribosomal protection type of tetracycline resistance gene, tet(36), from swine manure pits . (2003) Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 69:4151-4158. Cotta, M.A., Whitehead, T.R., Falsen, E., Moore, E. and Lawson, P.A. Robinsonella peoriae gen.nov., sp. nov., isolated from a swine-manure storage pit and a human clinical source. (2009) Int. J. System. Evol. Microbiol. 59:150-155.… Whitehead, T.R. and Cotta, M.A. Stored Swine Manure and Swine Feces as Reservoirs of Antibiotic Resistance Genes. (2013) Lett. Appl. Microbiol. 56:264-267.
At the heart of it all By Anna Sharratt Research drives the majority of the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre’s world-leading innovations. Here’s what a few of the Centre’s researchers are working on. The Peter Munk Cardiac Centre’s renowned physicians and researchers are focused on doing whatever it takes to ensure timely and individualized patient care. Researchers are now harnessing data and artificial intelligence (AI) to not only develop new treatments but also hopefully one day eliminate heart disease altogether. Dr. Slava Epelman looking at the camera with a warm smile, turquoise background The predictor Dr. Slava Epelman, Cardiologist at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, scientist at the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research and Loretta Rogers Chair in Immuno-Bioengineering. The goal: Combatting viral infections that impact the heart. The Research: People don’t realize that viruses such as hepatitis or, in rare cases, a cold, can attack the heart, but thanks to Dr. Slava Epelman, that’s changing. Dr. Epelman, who was recently named one of the most highly cited researchers around the world, and his team are conducting research into how viruses attack the heart and how cardiac immune cells regenerate after injury. After a heart attack, the heart uses immune cells to remove dying tissue and promote healing, but some can also cause heart failure. He’s using AI to analyze the genes from these immune cells and develop algorithms that can predict what a patient’s heart might do after it’s damaged. “We’re trying to understand why some people can be fine for a long time, while others get worse quickly,” he explains. With COVID-19, this research has become more critical. “There’s a huge percentage of COVID-19 patients with no previous health conditions getting MRIs months later, and about 80 per cent have heart involvement,” he says. Once cardiac risk factors for COVID-19 are identified, Dr. Epelman and his team will study therapies, such as inflammation-reducing medications. Photo of Dr. Adriana Luk looking into the distance, she is wearing glasses and there is a plain yellow background. The developer Dr. Adriana Luk, Advanced heart failure and transplant cardiologist, and intensivist at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre. The goal: Improving care for patients with cardiogenic shock. The Research: Dr. Adriana Luk has seen too many patients arrive at the hospital suffering from cardiogenic shock, which happens when the heart cannot pump enough blood and oxygen to the brain, kidneys and other organs. This condition, often brought on by a heart attack or abnormal heart rhythm, can quickly become fatal. In the most serious cases, a heart transplant or left ventricular assist device implantation is needed. Dr. Luk wants to take the guesswork out of the process. She’s created a system for assessing patients with suspected cardiogenic shock and is collaborating with CorHealth Ontario and 16 hospitals across the province to develop a standardized model for cardiogenic shock management. A cardiogenic shock registry will also allow clinicians to take preventive measures for those at risk and drive research studies that evaluate the success of treatment. “Patients should be able to access care irrespective of what hospital they end up at,” she says. “We need to get the patient the right support.” Dr. Douglas Lee smiling, he is wearing glasses and has a purple background behind him. The Learner Dr. Douglas Lee, Cardiologist at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre, scientist at the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research and Ted Rogers Chair in Heart Function Outcomes The goal: Understanding the effect of ethnicity and race on heart disease. The Research: Why are some people more at risk for heart disease than others? While one’s lifestyle makes a difference, other factors play a role too. Dr. Douglas Lee’s research aims to understand how factors like ethnicity and race determine cardiovascular health of the population. In a study of 900,000 Ontarian immigrants, he found that Black men and West Asian women were hospitalized for cardiac failure the most. His work is important because most physicians aren’t fully aware of how ethnicity and race can impact cardiovascular issues. “If we had a better way to identify heart failure patients earlier, we might have fewer hospitalizations,” he says. He’s examining how patients with different backgrounds are treated, whether they have to be readmitted later and whether low-risk patients are overtreated. With this information, Dr. Lee is developing a mathematical model to help physicians determine how to best treat and prevent heart failure events from occurring. “We want to harness AI to make decisions around heart failure,” he says. “We’re trying to prevent it from happening in the first place.” Dr. Husam Abdel-Qadir smiling at the camera, there is a light blue background. The risk reducer Dr. Husam Abdel-Qadir, Cardiologist at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre and scientist at the Ted Rogers Centre for Heart Research. The goal: Protecting the hearts of patients with breast cancer. The Research: While Canada has some of the best cancer survival rates in the world, many survivors have a heightened risk of developing heart disease from their cancer treatments. Chemotherapy drugs designed to kill cancer cells can end up damaging heart muscle cells in the process. Recognizing that the most common cause of death for breast cancer survivors is heart disease, Dr. Husam Abdel-Qadir is working to identify which women are at the highest risk so cancer treatment can be modified early. He recently found an association between statins (a class of drugs commonly used to lower cholesterol and reduce the risk of heart disease and stroke) and the risk of heart failure among women with early-stage breast cancer. The study revealed that the risk of hospitalization or an emergency department visit in which heart failure was the most responsible diagnosis was significantly lower among women who were on a statin. A trial assessing statin use at the start of chemotherapy for high-risk women is the next step. “Our findings help build greater awareness for this new field of research,” explains Dr. Abdel-Qadir. “Most importantly, it allows us to help more cancer patients at risk of heart damage.” Dr. Patrick Lawler smiling with a red background The analyzer Dr. Patrick Lawler, Cardiologist at the Peter Munk Cardiac Centre. The goal: Uncovering the connection between sepsis and cardiovascular complications. The Research: Most people have no idea that sepsis, a life-threatening condition in which a body attacks its own tissues and organs in response to an infection, kills one in 18 Canadians every year. Research now suggests that the profound insult of sepsis may lead to an increased risk of heart disease that may last for years following this initial infection. Why? Dr. Patrick Lawler is trying to find out. He recently conducted an analysis of studies, which included two million patients with sepsis, to analyze mortality risk of heart events after sepsis and found that the potential for having a heart attack or stroke remains for five years post-diagnosis. “It’s a profound and sustained risk, and rivals that of common cardiovascular risk factors,” he notes. Once a patient is deemed high risk, preventive therapies could be implemented to reduce cardiovascular complications, possibly through drugs that control blood pressure and treat heart failure. The goal is to recognize the physiologic disturbances sepsis can cause and to protect the highest-risk patients. “If you want to improve [sepsis] patients’ survival, it’s not just about saving them – it’s about looking after them in the years after,” explains Dr. Lawler. This article originally appeared in the 2021 Peter Munk Cardiac Centre annual report. Read it here. Photos by Tim Fraser.
orthodontist valricoOcclusion is the term used to describe how the upper and lower teeth align and fit together. In a healthy mouth, the upper teeth fit just over the lower teeth. When the teeth don’t align as they should, it is called malocclusion, or a bad bite. There are different classes of malocclusion, all of which can lead to orthodontic problems and dental issues. Our orthodontist in Valrico explains the different classes below. What Causes Malocclusion? Malocclusion is usually caused by genetic factors. Hereditary markers can cause your jaw or teeth to grow abnormally in size or shape. However, it can also be caused by excessive thumb sucking, extra teeth, missing teeth, or jaw injury. Symptoms of malocclusion include mouth breathing, difficulty chewing and biting, speech difficulties, and jaw pain. Classes of Malocclusion There are 3 classes of malocclusion that define the type and severity of the misalignment. Class 1 is the most common — the bite is normal, but the upper teeth slightly overlap the lower teeth. Class 2 is also referred to as overbite, where the upper jaw and teeth overlap the bottom jaw and teeth. Class 3 is known as underbite, where the lower jaw protrudes, causing the lower jaw and teeth to stick out, overlapping the upper jaw and teeth. If malocclusion is not treated, it can lead to tooth decay, gingivitis, and other problems. Treatments for Malocclusion It’s critical to realign the teeth and jaws to restore proper occlusion and correct any abnormalities in facial appearance. Treatment options include: • Traditional metal braces, which are effective for all levels of malocclusion • Invisalign®, which is a great discreet option for mild to moderate cases • Removal of extra teeth • Replacing missing teeth • Repairing damaged teeth or restorations In severe cases, jaw surgery or stabilization may be necessary to correct malocclusion. If this is the case for you, our orthodontist will discuss this option during your appointment. Contact Our Orthodontist in Valrico Today To Schedule An Appointment!
Antimicrobial, antiadhesive and antifouling surfaces: The dual function of the zeta potential Many material surfaces are prone to biofouling, which is the formation of a biofilm after long-term exposure of such materials to aqueous environments. A common solution to this problem is the application of a thin-film coating that suppresses or prevents biofouling. Different strategies exist depending on the material application and the aqueous surroundings. The examples for antimicrobial, antiadhesive, or antifouling coatings are manifold. Food packaging with an antimicrobial coating prolongs the shelf life of packaged food. Self-disinfecting surfaces prevent the transfer of pathogens in medicine. Antiadhesive coatings suppress the accumulation of bacteria, algae, mollusks, and also shells on the metal bodies of marine ships. Fouling of polymer membranes for water treatment deteriorates the membrane performance. The need for frequent cleaning cycles or the complete failure of the membrane are prohibited by an antifouling coating. The actions of antimicrobial, antiadhesive, or antifouling coatings are different but commonly involve a change in the surface hydrophilicity and surface charge. Information about the latter is accessible by determining the zeta potential. This parameter of the material-water interface is decisive for the electrostatic interaction of solutes in an aqueous system with the solid surface. Furthermore, it is a powerful tool to characterize the material surface and its changes upon modification. In this webinar we present the contribution of the surface zeta potential to better understand the functional principles of antimicrobial, antiadhesive, and antifouling coatings and material surfaces for selected applications. Tarih: 2021-04-07, 18:00 - 18:30 (CEST UTC+02:00) Dil: English Eğitmen: Dr. Thomas Luxbacher
Bengali literature Bengali literature, the body of writings in the Bengali language of the Indian subcontinent. Its earliest extant work is a pre-12th-century collection of lyrics that reflect the beliefs and practices of the Sahajiyā religious sect. The dispersal of the poets of the Muslim invasion of 1199 broke off all poetic activity until the mid-14th century. Thereafter, the literature is divided into medieval (1360–1800) and modern (after 1800).
Barbara Jordan You got up early and got a great start to the day. Since then, the day has been trucking along with productivity, getting work completed and attending the various meetings that are required. Throughout it all you’ve been a trooper–and even made it through lunch without much trouble! But now, time is creeping into the late afternoon, and you’re just out of energy. What do you do? You take a nap, of course! Even though naps can be extremely beneficial, they seem to be under-utilized by those who are over 6 years old. While some modern cultures incorporate a nap into their day, many do not. Napping Day encourages people all over the world to remember these benefits of youth and take a little time out of the day for a much needed rest! History of Napping Day This history of napping comes as an age old tradition. In fact, in certain cultures, napping was something that almost everyone would tend to do in the middle of the afternoon. The siesta continues to present itself as a time-honored tradition in Spain that happens right after the afternoon meal and has been a practice basically since time began. In fact, for those who are in the Mediterranean, napping is pretty much standard everywhere people go. In Italy naps are called the riposo, pisolini, literally meaning “rest naps”. Even old Charlamagne (also known as Charles the Great, the 8th century medieval emperor in Europe) has been recorded as having taken 2-3 hour naps in the middle of the afternoon. So is it just laziness? Not at all! It’s just a different way of living. In part, the need for the nap can be directly related to these hottest hours of the day in the middle of the afternoon. Especially prior to central air conditioning, it only made sense to take a brief break at that point. It may also have to do with the circadian rhythms and the change-over point between the wake cycle and sleep cycle, there’s a time in the middle of the afternoon that is essentially perfect for a nap. Many health professionals and researchers have written about the notable benefits of taking a nap in the afternoon. In fact, some evidence points to a 37% reduction in occurrences of coronary mortality in those who take an afternoon nap regularly. Does that mean those who take naps might literally be saving their own lives? It’s quite possible! How to Celebrate Napping Day Well, the way to celebrate Napping Day is pretty simple isn’t it? Just take a little time in the afternoon (whenever afternoon is to rest. Whether it’s a 20 minute power nap on the sofa or a two-hour, get-under-the-covers nap, take some time to fill up the energy tank again. After the afternoon meal is the perfect time because the body is spending a lot of energy digesting food. In the long-run, a nap can help a person feel better and more energized for the day ahead. It may be tricky for those who have a regular work schedule, but whenever the opportunity presents itself…take a nap! In addition to catching a few z’s in the middle of the day, celebrating Napping Day also offers a few other opportunities, including: Get Inspired By Famous Nappers Some famous and brilliant people were known for taking naps, such as: • Salvador Dali. This eccentric artist from Spain worked hard to invent the micro-nap. He would intentionally fall asleep sitting up, with a large key in his hand which was poised over a metal plate or bowl. As he fell asleep, the key would fall and make noise, waking him up to get to work again–feeling much restored and revived. • Eleanor Roosevelt. The wife of the 32nd president of the United States would often take a short nap before she was to give a public speech, which gave her a little energy boost to greet her adoring crowds. • Napoleon Buonaparte. As a military genius, Napoleon was known for going long periods without sleeping and then simply falling asleep at will, even in the middle of the battlefield. • Leonardo Da Vinci. This famous artist went so far as to replace his normal sleep and, instead, taking a 15 minute nap every 4 hours, which is now called “polyphasic sleeping”. • Margaret Thatcher. With the nickname “The Iron Lady”, it’s no surprise that this British Prime Minister only slept for 4 hours each night. However, she was known to regularly schedule a 1 hour nap in the afternoon. Have a Relaxation Session For those who aren’t necessarily able to fall asleep in the afternoon, that’s not necessarily a negative thing. It probably just means their bodies get enough sleep at night on a regular basis. Even so, a little rest in the afternoon is a good idea as the brain and body can still benefit, even if there’s no actual sleep. In lieu of a nap, it can be beneficial to spend a few minutes practicing mindfulness exercises or meditation. Spend some time on deep breathing exercises, go through a body scan to notice which points might be responding to stress, listen to some relaxing music, and simply take a few minutes just to get refreshed before entering back into the busy world again! Key Info Founded in Founded by William Anthony and Camille Anthony Join the discussion Inline Feedback View all comments Find your birthday! Find out what else is happening on your special day. What's coming up? Browse the next few weeks... Celebrate with us Also on Mon Mar 15th... Also on Mon Mar 15th... Mon Mar 15th, 2021 World Speech Day Mon Mar 15th, 2021 World Consumer Rights Day Also on Mon Mar 15th... We think you may also like... 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Literary Analysis Of Daddy, By Sylvia Plath 838 Words4 Pages “Daddy” by Sylvia Plath is a daughter’s overdue words to her dead father. As a vessel for the speaker’s emotional outbreak, the poem alternates among her idolation and fear, and her love and rejection for him, feelings that she constantly struggles between. The work reveals the destructive nature of the memory of the speaker’s father, and portrays her final attempt to break free of its shadow. The poem is one big apostrophe directed at the speaker’s dead father, and in doing so she regresses into her childhood self. She addresses her father as “daddy” like a little kid, speaks in a child-like abrupt manner, and begins the poem with “you do not do/you do not do/ anymore black shoe,” lines that resemble the old nursery rhyme “There is an old woman who lived in a shoe”. However, this is not a happy child, but one with frustration and unresolved conflicts with her father, as she calls him “evil” and a “bastard”. Furthermore, the way an adult woman completely turns into her childhood self suggests an obsession and a fixation within the past, a phenomenon commonly associated with psychological deficiencies stemming from unsolved childhood issues. These observations correspond to how the speaker metaphorically refers to her father as a “black shoe” that she had to live in, showing her inability to overcome the shadow of her late father. Thus, by addressing him directly instead of referring to him in the past tense, the speaker confronts her obsession and tries to escape the Open Document
Virtual happy hour: Survey examines remote working and drinking First published by Safety+Health an NSC publication. Other findings: Photo: JAVIER LARRAONDO/iStockphoto The survey results were published on the website April 2. Drinking alcohol won’t protect you against COVID-19, experts say Photo: coldsnowstorm/iStockphoto Bethesda, MD — Although alcohol is a key ingredient in hand sanitizers that can help kill the coronavirus, alcoholic drinks don’t have the same effect and may actually hinder your immune system’s response to COVID-19, the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism is cautioning consumers. To be effective against the coronavirus, hand sanitizers must contain at least 60% ethyl alcohol, NIAAA says in a May 12 press release. In contrast, a typical drink is only 0.01% to 0.03% alcohol – “a tiny fraction of the concentration needed to produce an antiseptic action.” A blood-alcohol concentration of 0.4% can be fatal. “Alcohol misuse makes the body more susceptible to viral infections and can worsen the prognosis,” the institute adds. “Alcohol in the body at the time of exposure to a pathogen tends to impair the body’s immediate immune response to the pathogen, making it easier for an infection to develop.” Longer term, excessive alcohol consumption impairs the immune system’s response in the lungs and has been linked to acute respiratory distress syndrome. “In fact,” NIAAA says, “individuals who misuse alcohol chronically are more likely to develop ARDS, more likely to need mechanical ventilation, have a prolonged stay in the intensive care unit and have a higher risk of mortality from ARDS. All of these effects of alcohol misuse could certainly complicate COVID-19 prevention, treatment and recovery.”
Skip to main content 5 Games to play indoors with toddlers 2. Big ears When it's time to quiet down, gather up five or six household objects and lay them out in front of your toddler on the floor. You might, for example, have a plastic comb, a saucepan, a pair of sneakers, a set of keys and a book. Let your child examine all the objects, then have them close their eyes or turn their back. Now, pick up an object, make a noise with it and see if your child can identify which one it is. You might run your fingers along the teeth of the comb, rap on the saucepan with your knuckles, smack the soles of the shoes together, jingle the keys or thumb through the pages of the book. Once you've run through all the objects, one by one, get your toddler to test you. You could even encourage your little one to gather up his or her own collection of objects to test you on. 3. Rubbish harp For this activity you'll need to gather up a variety of objects that will make different sounds: things like plastic bottles, cardboard boxes, plastic tubs and tin cans. With your toddler, test the musical potential of these objects by rapping them with a wooden spoon. Next, tie a length of string between two stable furniture pieces, such as two reasonably heavy chairs. With your toddler at a safe distance, use scissors or a punch to make holes in your objects and then, using short lengths of string, tie each individual object to the long string between the chairs. Now that your rubbish harp is made, hand your toddler a couple of wooden spoons and let the music play (it will be even better if you join in, too). 4. Sticky run For something so simple (and inexpensive!) this activity can bring a lot of joy. Get a roll of clear adhesive book covering such as Contact and cut a length at least a metre long (the older your child is, the longer you're likely to want the length to be). Lay it out, sticky side up, on a stretch of hard flooring and tape into place. Now, remove the paper backing so that you have a long, sticky race track. Let your little person step on to the sticky track and watch their gleeful reaction to the sensation of sticky feet - and the sounds they make as they stick and unstick their feet from the surface. 5. Colourful clothesline Pull out an indoor drying rack or run some lengths of string between some sturdy uprights such as table legs and chair backs to form a clothesline. Offer your toddler a bucket or bowl of pegs and encourage them to peg items to the clothesline. You could use dolls' clothes or your child's own clothes. Or you could raid the sewing cupboard and cut up some long strips of coloured cloth. Gripping clothes pegs and learning how to open and close them can actually help your child develop some of the physical skills they need to hold a pencil. And you can make the game even more educational by declaring that this is a "blue" washing day for all the blue clothes (or fabric), or a day for all the "spotty" things. Popular posts from this blog Melbourne Earthquake? Brivis Heater - Error Code #69 Restricted enrolment schools (Melbourne Eastern Region)
Online College Courses for Credit SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz Author: Yanis Gherasim See More Fast, Free College Credit Developing Effective Teams Let's Ride 47 Sophia partners guarantee credit transfer. SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz Buy Solutions: SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz Week 3 Quiz A system of ranking in a society that perpetuates unequal power and resources is: · Stratification · Emancipation · Social mobility · Gentrification A class system is a social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influnce _______________, the ability to move up or down in the stratification system. · Social dominance · Social mobility · Cultural universals · Symbolic interaction While Karl Marx viewed social class as the influential factor for other inequalities in a capitalist society, Max Weber also included status and _______ as affecting one’s position in the stratification hierarchy. · Feudalism · Sociology · Caste · Power The legacy of colonialism where less developed countries continue to depend on more developed countries is known as: · Necolonialism · Globalization · Social class · Feminization · Necolonialism · Globalization · Social class · Feminization Which of these is not a property of social minority groups that distinguishes them from the dominant group? · Unequal treatment · Different physical or cultural characteristics · Smaller numbers · Strong sense of solidarity A ___________ group is differentiated by a society’s views about physical differences (e.g., based on skin color or hair texture); ______________ groups are distinguished by cultural characteristics or national origin. · Racial; Ethnic · Ethnic; Racial · Minority; Imaginary · Global; Class Prejudice is a negative attitude about a category of people that often leads to discrimination, the denial of rights or opportunities to a particular group. ____________ discrimination occurs as a result of the normal functioning of society. · Internal · Integral · Interactionist · Institutional Different behavioral expectations for males and females in society are known as: · Ethnicities · Ascribed status · Gender roles · Collective consciousness Although strides have been made for women in the work force, women still experience the ______________, an invisible barrier that blocks the promotion of a qualified individual in a work environment because of gender, race, or ethnicity. · Glass ceiling · Glass escalator · Glass elevator · None of the above SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz SOC 100 WEEK 3 Quiz
what is the % increase in the area of the triangle if each side is doubled? Asked by shrsanchi \| 17th Apr, 2008, 10:40: PM Expert Answer: Let the sides of the triangle be x,y,z Using the Heron's formula Are of that triangle = A =S(S-x)(S-y)(S-z) where S = (x+y+z)/2 , the semiperimeter. The New triangle has sides 2x,2y,2z So S' = (2x+2y+2z)/2 =x+y+z = 2S A' = 2S(2S-2x)(2S-2y)(2S-2z) =4A Incrtease in Area = 4S - S = 3S Percentage Increase in Area = 3S/S * 100 = 300 percent Answered by \| 12th May, 2008, 12:02: PM
Lloyds estimates that New York city alone could face over $2.3 billion in cyber-related losses in 2020. Given their snowballing deficits, cities can ill afford the burgeoning costs of these digital incursions. The economic cost of cybercrime has rocketed over the past year The economic cost of cybercrime has rocketed over the past year Image: Statista; FBI; IC3; US Department of Justice Cyberattacks are not confined to US cities, of course. Virtually all cities large and small have to deal with looming digital disruption. In just the past few year ransomware was used to disrupt the municipal tram system in Dublin, to jam air traffic control and railway ticketing systems in Stockholm, and to shake-down power plants from Johannesburg to Hyderabad. While one might expect these attacks would have set off alarm bells for mayors, city councils and governors, not much has changed. Why are cities so vulnerable? One major reason cities have become targets for cybercriminals is because they are lagging far behind the digital revolution. Many of the underlying technologies running their critical infrastructure are outdated. City authorities often lack the skills to upgrade their systems. The brightest minds in tech rarely choose to work for cities, utilities or airports. Instead, they flock to Amazon, Facebook and Google where they earn many times the salary offered in the public sector. As bad as things are now, technological acceleration could make things dramatically worse. While smart cities, connected homes and intelligent infrastructure will bring certain advantages, their complexity and ubiquity are a hazard for cities. To date, most city hacks have occurred in “dumb cities”, meaning those that are not yet digitally wired - so imagine the kind of havoc that will ensue when hackers target intelligent transportation networks and traffic flow management systems. In the not so distant future, intelligent roadways - cars that interact with streetlights, ambulances, police cars and fire-trucks - will be widespread. In these environments, cyberattacks won’t just be inconvenient, they will produce pandemonium and ultimately loss of life. When it comes to digital security, there is very little direction (or funding) being provided by national authorities to nudge states, counties and cities in the right direction. Instead, cities are flooded with technology vendors dressing-up their smart city offerings and touting their economic potential to neighborhoods and residents. There are powerful incentives for them to sell their wares. A study by McKinsey estimated the IoT alone could generate over $11 trillion in economic activity by 2025. In the rush to cash in, private firms are pressing municipalities to build out their infrastructure as quickly as possible but without safeguards to ensure they coexist with existing systems or are regularly updated, patched and protected to the standard required to maintain public safety. How can cities protect themselves from digital infiltration and disruption? While traditional crime fighting will continue to demand the attention of leaders and law enforcement agencies, the growth in cyberthreats can no longer be ignored. City and state leaders must adopt a digital security mindset. This means having contingency and disaster plans in place before the next smart-city emergency arises. Just as San Francisco has prepared for earthquakes for decades and Tokyo for tsunamis, so too must cyber-resilience and safety become a core component of disaster response plans for all cities. Second, city executives have to assume a leadership role in ensuring the digital safety and security of their constituents, and not merely delegate this role to an underling. According to the International City and County Management Association, roughly 60% of municipal technology officials cite a lack of support from their elected officials and top appointees for their city’s poor cybersecurity. Digital security is not only about hardware and software. It is about adopting a comprehensive whole-of-city approach. Security must be conceived as an essential priority, something that is designed into every element of the urban infrastructure, not merely introduced as an afterthought. It requires developing the rules, regulations, procedures and budgets for city authorities, businesses and residents to prepare and respond to digital threats when and after they inevitably occur. What is the World Economic Forum doing on cybersecurity Our community has three key priorities: For more information, please contact us. Third, city authorities need to recruit the right personnel. In order to keep cities safe in the 5G era, public sector executives have to attract the right talent - including coders, engineers and cybersecurity experts. The appointment of empowered information security officers is critical, as is ongoing training and research. So too is a return to basics. In nearly all of the cyberattacks against our cities, a common theme repeats itself: human error and a failure to implement acknowledged best practices such as software patching, correct firewall configuration, frequent and redundant backups, and use of multi-factor authentication for logons. The overwhelming majority of attacks could be prevented with these changes alone. Fourth, cities can go on the offensive and help incubate crowdsourced solutions to real and unexpected security threats. Making data publicly available is the first step; data that scientists, researchers and residents can use to help drive innovation and security in our urban spaces. Helping incentivize competitions and hackathons to develop solutions for expected and unexpected digital challenges are others. Partnerships, including with non-profit groups like Code for America, are worthwhile. So too are 'bug bounty' programmes that reward ethical hackers who uncover - and report - software security flaws. Crowdsourced cybersecurity and incentive competitions can bring global talent to any municipality, at greatly reduced costs. Supporting digital innovation ecosystems not only bolsters local capacity, it reduces reliance on outside vendors. Fifth, cities need to initiate a conversation about the kinds of national, state and municipal rules and regulations required to meet the minimum digital security standards with the roll-out of new systems and devices. California recently passed data privacy and digital security legislation requiring all devices sold in the state to possess 'reasonable' security features designed to prevent unauthorized access, modification, or information disclosure. Cities would do well to share their experiences, but they must also look to the private sector for inspiration. Smart factories, for example, are very careful about protecting their intellectual property, building in systems of control that limit the possibility of technical, and human error and malfeasance. Many of these ideas could useful inform how the connected city secures itself. As the world hurtles toward a hyper-connected future, some cities will thrive and others will fall behind. Many cities will struggle to pay for digital upgrades and security because they are already freighted with debt and unfunded liabilities. Some cities are (and will be) forced to sell off their public infrastructure at dizzying discounts, depriving the public of fair compensation of their true value. It is likely that large tech firms will play a growing role in privatizing city functions such as digital and physical infrastructure (as Google's Sidewalk Labs has started doing in Toronto). There is a real possibility that the next generation of cities will be digitally fenced off, designing in security only for those who can afford to live there. More positively, the rapid spread and lowered cost of new technologies means that some fast-growing cities in emerging markets may benefit from second-mover advantage. Cities across Asia and Africa are already skipping legacy systems - fixed landlines and railways, for example - and leapfrogging to newer, more efficient and cheaper options. Nairobi, for example, has transitioned rapidly to the use of digital currencies such as M-Pesa for its previously unbanked population and has essentially shifted to wireless systems rather than landline phones. The lowered cost of development and deployment mean that more and more cities in emerging economies can potentially avoid making the mistakes of their counterparts, while improving services to their constituents. Cities need to adjust their priorities to the realities of a networked urban landscape before disaster strikes. While the conveniences of smart cities are enticing, they must be balanced carefully against the known risks. Given the very high likelihood of attack, metropolitan cybersecurity should be a priority for elected officials and policymakers, matched with the resources to build the right protections. Recognizing the precariousness of our situation is the first step. Attracting the best and brightest to public service is essential. So too is a broad discussion about the future security of our cities. The time to protect them is now, before another 50 billion hackable, un-patchable and un-upgradeable devices are added to the world’s digital grid. Because once that happens, there will be few if any options to go back and fix the mistakes we’ve made.
- The Torah World Gateway Beit Midrash Prayer Chapter one- part one Fundamentals of the Laws of Prayer what is the prayer? what we can learn from our grate fathers prayer? and how the prayer work? Click to dedicate this lesson 1. Prayer Prayer is one of the principal expressions of belief in Hashem. People are not perfect; they are flawed and long to improve themselves. They therefore turn to the Creator of the World in prayer. Human imperfection is apparent on two levels. Most people only feel a need to pray to Hashem when their daily routines are disrupted. For example, when someone is ill or injured and his pain intensifies, when he understands that all the doctors in the world cannot guarantee his health and well-being, and only HaKadosh Baruch Hu, in Whose hands is the soul of every living thing, can cure him and grant him a long happy life – then he prays to Hashem from the depths of his heart to heal him. So it is, whenever a calamity befalls a person, his livelihood suffers, enemies rise against him, or his close friends turn their backs on him. He then understands how the good things in his life hang in a balance and he turns to Hashem to help and save him. However, when daily routines function in their usual proper manner, most people do not detect anything missing and generally do not feel a need to pray to Hashem. Those who delve more deeply understand that even their everyday lives are not perfect. Even when they are healthy and earning a steady income, their family life is good, their friends are loyal and the situation in their country is stable, even then, perceptive people sense their existential inadequacy. They know that their lives are limited and even if all goes well, there will come a day when they die of old age. Now, too, when they are young and strong, they are unable to comprehend everything in their lives, and not everything turns out the way they intended. They cannot achieve all of their aspirations or fully attain even one goal. Out of this sense of inadequacy, they turn to HaKadosh Baruch Hu, the God of the heavens and the earth, the only One Who can redeem them from their imperfection. By connecting with God in prayer, people begin the process of fulfillment and redemption. 2. Prayer and Prophets We learn in the Tanach that whenever our ancestors and the prophets needed help, they turned to Hashem in prayer. Avraham Avinu stood in prayer and begged that Sodom not be destroyed. Hashem answered him that if there were ten righteous people in Sodom the city would be saved. But ten righteous people were not to be found there, and Sodom was demolished (Genesis 18). Childless for many years, Yitzchak Avinu and Rivkah Imeinu, pleaded to Hashem in prayer and were answered with the birth of Yaakov and Eisav (Genesis 25). Yaakov Avinu prayed for Hashem to save him from his brother, Eisav, who set out against him with four hundred warriors, and he was answered and saved (Genesis 32). Following the sin of the Golden Calf, Hashem’s wrath rose up against the nation of Israel, and Moshe Rabbeinu prayed intensely until Hashem canceled the decree of disaster that He had threatened to bring on His people (Exodus 32). When Miriam, Moshe’s sister, fell ill with leprosy, Moshe stood and prayed, "Kel na refa na lah" ("O God, please heal her!") and she was healed (Numbers 12). To turn back a Heaven-sent plague, Aharon used the incense to pray, and the plague ceased (Numbers 17). After the army of Israel was defeated by Ai, Hashem heard Yehoshua’s prayers and guided him to correct the sin of Achan, after which they won their next battles (Joshua 7). When the Philistines waged war against Israel, Shmuel cried out to Hashem for help on behalf of the nation. In answer, Hashem led him and Israel to defeat and conquer the Philistines (I Samuel 7). David, the king of Israel, would often pray to Hashem; his prayers eventually became the Book of Psalms. After Shlomoh finished building the Temple, he prayed that the Shechinah dwell therein, and that all people who pray there would be answered, and Hashem accepted his prayer (I Kings 8-9). When Eliyahu the Prophet fought against the false prophets of Ba’al on Mount Carmel, he prayed that fire would descend from the sky and so it transpired (I Kings 18). Likewise, Elisha the Prophet prayed to Hashem that He revive the son of the Shunamite woman, and the boy came back to life (II Kings 4). When Chizkiyah faced death from his disease, he too prayed to Hashem and was cured (II Kings 20). One of the prayers that left a lasting impression on all generations is the prayer of Chanah. Barren for years, she would often pray at the Tabernacle in Shiloh and was the first to refer to Hashem in her prayer by the holy name "Tzevakot." Eventually, she merited a son, none other than Shmuel the Prophet (I Samuel 2). Shmuel the Prophet is said to have been equal to Moshe and Aharon. Through Moshe and Aharon, the word of Hashem was revealed in the transcendental miraculous life of the Jews in the desert and through Shmuel, the word of Hashem was revealed in the tangible reality of the nation of Israel living in Eretz Yisrael. Shmuel unified the nation, founded the kingdom of David, reared a generation of prophets in Israel, and through his inspiration the Temple was built. Shmuel's great and lofty soul was difficult to bring it down to earth and Chanah needed to pray intensely until she was worthy of giving birth to him. Her prayer is so important that Chazal learn numerous laws from it (Berachot 31a). 3. The Effect of Prayer HaKadosh Baruch Hu established a law in Creation, that when we awaken in the world below to approach the Almighty and request a blessing from Him, He, in turn, is aroused from above to bring upon us an abundance of good, according to our needs and the requirements of the world. This is mentioned in the Zohar HaKadosh in many places. In other words, even when people are worthy that Hashem shower them with goodness, sometimes the giving is delayed until they feel the weight of their hardships and pray to Hashem from the depths of their hearts. There are two types of prayer. The first is for the continual existence of the world; without prayer, the world would cease to exist. This kind of prayer parallels the Tamid sacrifice, the merit of which sustains the heavens and the earth (see Ta’anit 27b). The second type of prayer concerns specific circumstances, such as when disaster strikes and people pray for salvation, or when people pray for something they desire. Every prayer has an influential effect, as Rabbi Chanina says, "Whoever lengthens his prayer, his prayers do not return unanswered" (Berachot 32b). Sometimes the effect is immediate, and other times in the distant future; sometimes the prayer is answered completely, other times partially. As Chazal say (Devarim Rabbah 8:1), "Great is prayer before HaKadosh Baruch Hu. Rabbi Elazar says, If you want to know the power of prayer – if it does not accomplish everything, it achieves half." HaKadosh Baruch Hu is the One Who knows how to help and support a person. Sometimes, for various reasons, a person’s misfortune is for his own good, and therefore Hashem does not accept his prayer. Nevertheless, his prayer benefits him, and its blessing will be revealed in one way or another. Even the most righteous people, whose prayers were generally accepted, sometimes went unanswered. For instance, even though Hashem accepted Moshe Rabbeinu’s prayers to forgive the Nation and annul His decree of destruction when Israel sinned by creating the Golden Calf and sending out spies who returned with a negative report about the Land of Israel, (Exodus 32 and Numbers 14) when Moshe came to beg on behalf of himself to merit entering the Land, HaKadosh Baruch Hu said to him, "Enough! Do not talk to me further about this matter" (Deuteronomy 3:26). Therefore, a person must exert himself greatly in prayer, and not assume that since he is praying, HaKadosh Baruch Hu must fulfill his request. Rather, he should continue praying, knowing that HaKadosh Baruch Hu hears his prayers and that his prayers are most certainly doing some good, although how much, and in what way, are unknown. From the library of Yeshivat Har Bracha More on the topic of Prayer את המידע הדפסתי באמצעות אתר
You are here: Home Document Actions Magnetic Force [Original Title] Magnetkraft [Additional Title] Country of Origin: United States Year of origin: 1959/60 Genre: n/a Locations of shooting: n/a Director: Stanley Ruttenberg Hugh Odishaw Production company: National Academy of Sciences (Washington) A film from the "Planet Earth" series: it focuses on magnetism, the Earth's magnetic field, etc. and describes potential uses for magnetic force. Different research methods are shown, such as measuring force fields at different locations in laboratories, or from helicopters or planes. The film compares early results with current research. Rocks are drilled for research, the changes in the Earth's crust can be illustrated with magnetic fields. The magnetic field of the European mountains is compared with those of American mountains. A magnetogram of the Sun is recorded. The film describes the influence of the Sun's atmosphere on the Earth's atmosphere. Rockets are used to study the relationship between magnetic storms and Sun spots. Finally, the Norwegian scientist Carl Stürmer summarizes and explains the current state of research. Version 1 Language: n/a Sound: Sound film Aspect: n/a Duration: 28 min » Complete Film Length 305 m Request Copy Button request copy Copy Type Positive Base Acetate Version 2 Language: n/a Sound: n/a Aspect: n/a Duration: n/a
Question: Are All Open Sets Measurable? Is the set of rational numbers measurable? Therefore, although the set of rational numbers is infinite, their measure is 0. In contrast, the irrational numbers from zero to one have a measure equal to 1; hence, the measure of the irrational numbers is equal to the measure of the real numbers—in other words, “almost all” real numbers are irrational numbers.. Is every continuous function measurable? with Lebesgue measure, or more generally any Borel measure, then all continuous functions are measurable. In fact, practically any function that can be described is measurable. Measurable functions are closed under addition and multiplication, but not composition. What is Lebesgue outer measure? The Lebesgue outer measure emerges as the greatest lower bound (infimum) of the lengths from among all possible such sets. Intuitively, it is the total length of those interval sets which fit. most tightly and do not overlap. That characterizes the Lebesgue outer measure. How do you read Borel sets? The set of all rational numbers in [0,1] is a Borel subset of [0,1]. More generally, any countable subset of [0,1] is a Borel subset of [0,1]. The set of all irrational numbers in [0,1] is a Borel subset of [0,1]. More generally, the complement of any Borel subset of [0,1] is a Borel subset of [0,1]. What are the measurable goals? Measurable goals means that you identify exactly what it is you will see, hear and feel when you reach your goal. It means breaking your goal down into measurable elements. You’ll need concrete evidence. … Measurable goals can go a long way in refining what exactly it is that you want, too. What does it mean if something is measurable? 1 : capable of being measured : able to be described in specific terms (as of size, amount, duration, or mass) usually expressed as a quantity Science is the study of facts—things that are measurable, testable, repeatable, verifiable.— What is Borel measurable function? A map f:X→Y between two topological spaces is called Borel (or Borel measurable) if f−1(A) is a Borel set for any open set A (recall that the σ-algebra of Borel sets of X is the smallest σ-algebra containing the open sets). … Consider two topological spaces X and Y and the corresponding Borel σ-algebras B(X) and B(Y). Is every open set measurable? By definition every open set is a Borel set. Moreover, since the Borel sets are a σ-algebra, the complement of any Borel set is a Borel set, and any countable union of Borel sets is a Borel set. 1. Every Borel set is measurable. What are measurable sets? A measurable set was defined to be a set in the system to which the extension can be realized; this extension is said to be the measure. Thus were defined the Jordan measure, the Borel measure and the Lebesgue measure, with sets measurable according to Jordan, Borel and Lebesgue, respectively. Is a subset of a measurable set measurable? We give the following special name to measures that have the property that every subset of a measurable set with zero measure are measurable. … If Z is a Lebesgue measurable subset of Rd that has measure zero, then every subset of Z is Lebesgue measurable (Lemma 1.21). How do you prove measurable? Let D be a dense subset of IR, and let C be the collection of all intervals of the form (−∞,a), for a ∈ D. To prove that a real-valued function is measurable, one need only show that {ω : f(ω) < a}∈F for all a ∈ D. Similarly, we can replace < a by > a or ≤ a or ≥ a. How do you prove a set is Lebesgue measurable? Definition 2 A set E ⊂ R is called Lebesgue measurable if for every subset A of R, µ∗(A) = µ∗(A ∩ E) + µ∗(A ∩ СE). Definition 3 If E is a Lebesgue measurable set, then the Lebesgue measure of E is defined to be its outer measure µ∗(E) and is written µ(E). µ(Ei). Are compact sets measurable? In R every compact set is closed and bounded form Heine-Borel. So it suffices to show that Kc which is open,is measurable. So we can show that every open interval (an,bn) is measurable. A set is measurable on the real line if it can be approximated with respect to the Lebesgue outer measure by open supersets. What is the union of zero and the set of natural numbers? Whereas whole numbers are the combination of zero and natural numbers, as it starts from 0 and ends at infinite value. Is a constant function measurable? The definition of measurable functions is: Let Σ be a sigma algebra of set X. Then f:X→ˉR is measurable if {x:f(x)>a}∈Σ for all a∈R. For any a∈R, the preimage f−1(a,+∞) is equal to either the empty set or X. … Are simple functions measurable? All we will require of a “simple function” is that it is measurable and takes only finitely many real or complex values (infinity is not allowed). The precise definition is as follows. range(ϕ) = {ϕ(x) : x ∈ X}, so a simple function is a measurable function whose range is a finite subset of C. What is a set of rational numbers? Rational numbers are those numbers which can be expressed as a division between two integers. The set of rational numbers is denoted as , so: Q = { p q \| p , q ∈ Z } The result of a rational number can be an integer ( − 8 4 = − 2 ) or a decimal ( 6 5 = 1 , 2 ) number, positive or negative. How do you prove a set is a Borel set? A set is a Borel set if it is in the Borel σ-algebra. So, B⊆R is a Borel set if B∈B(R). What is B(R)? It is the smallest σ-algebra containing all open subsets of R (i.e., the σ-algebra generated by the open sets).
Page images LARGER VOLUME OF MONEY NEEDED. John Locke, in his “Considerations,” etc., published in 1690, said: “Money, while the same quality of it is passing up and down the kingdom in trade, is really a standing measure of the falling and rising value of other things in reference to one another, and the alteration in price is truly in them only. But if you increase or lessen the quantity of money current in traffic in any place, then the alteration of value is in the money." Locke further said: "The value of money in any one country is the present quantity of the current money in the country in proportion to the present trade." The historian, Hume, says: "It is not difficult to perceive that it is the total quantity of the money in circulation, in any country, which determines what portion of that quantity shall exchange for a certain portion of the goods or commodities of that country. "It is the proportion between the circulating money and the commodities in the market which determines the price." Fichte says: "The amount of money current in a state represents everything that is purchasable on the surface of the state. If the quantity of purchasable articles increases while the quantity of money remains the same, the value of the money increases in the same ratio; if the quantity of money increases while the quantity of purchasable articles remains the same, the value of money decreases in the same ratio." James Mill, in his treatise on “Political Economy," says: “And again, in whatever degree, therefore, the quantity of money is increased or diminished, other things remaining the same, in that same proportion the value of the whole, and of every other part, is reciprocally diminished or increased.” John Stuart Mill (Political Economy) says: "The value of money, other things being the same, varies inversely as its quantity; every increase of quantity lowering the value and every diminution raising it in a ratio exactly equivalent.” And again: “Alterations in the cost of the production of the precious metals do not act upon the value of money except just in proportion as they increase or diminish its quantity." Ricardo (reply to Bosanquet) says: "The value of money in any country is determined by the amount existing. * * * “The commodities would rise or fall in price in proportion to the increase or diminution of money, I assume, as a fact that is incontrovertible.” * * * Ricardo further says: “There can exist no depreciation in money but from excess; however de. based a coinage may become it will preserve its mint value; that is to say, it will pass in circulation for the intrinsic value of the bullion which it ought to contain, provided it be not in too great abundance." William Huskisson (“The Depreciation of the Currency,” 1819) says: "If the quantity of gold in a country whose currency consists of gold should be increased in any given proportion, the quantity of other articles and the demand for them remaining the same, the value of any given commodity measured in the coin of that country would be increased in the same proportion." Sir James Graham says: "The value of money is in the inverse ratio of its, quantity, the supply of commodities remaining the same." Torrens, in his work on Political Economy, says: "Gold is a commodity governed, as all other commodities are governed, by the law of supply and demand. If the value of all other commodities, in relation to gold, rises and falls as their quantities diminish or increase, the value of gold in relation to commodities must rise and fall as its quantity is diminished or increased." Wolowski says: “The sum total of the precious metals is reckoned at 50 milliards, one-half gold and one-half silver. If, by a stroke of the pen, they suppress one of these metals in the monetary service, they double the demand for the other metal, to the ruin of all debtors." Cernuschi says: "The purchasing power of money is in direct proportion to the volume of money existing." • Prof. Francis A. Walker, in his work on "Money" (page 57), says: "The value of money in any country is determined by the amount existing. "Its (money) power of acquisition depends not on its substance, but on its quantity." [Paulus, author of the Pandects, sixth century.] The following extract from an argument made by the Hon. W. B. Fleming. of Louisville, Ky., is a complete refutation of the charge of "repudiation" made against the advocates of the free coinage of silver: The right of free coinage came down to our fathers from the common law of England, and was embodied in the Constitution and the early acts of Congress. The act of 1792, establishing the mint, provided for the free and unlimited coinage of silver and gold on a ratio of 15 to 1, and 'that all the coin should De legal tender for all debts, public and private.' The act approved January 18, 1837, reiterated said provisions of the act of 1792 with the modification that the gold in the gold dollar is fixed at 23.2 fine instead of 24.75, as in the previous act, thus changing the ratio from 15 to 1 to 16 to 1. By the act of 1873 silver dollars were dropped from coinage, and by the act of 1874, adopting the Revised Statutes, the legal-tender quality of silver coins was limited to five dollars. The Bland act of February 28, 1878, provides “that there shall be coined at tbe several mints of the United States silver dollars as provided in the act of January 18, 1837," and further directed the purchase of silver bullion at market prices in amounts not less than two millions nor more than four joillions dollars' worth per month, and for the coinage of said bullion into dollars of 41242 grains of standard silver each, and repealed all acts inconsistent therewith. The act of July 14, 1890, known as the Sherman act, directed the Secretary of the Treasury to purchase at the market price 4,500,000 ounces of silver bullion, and to issue, in payment for such purchases, Treasury notes of the United States, said notes to be redeemable in coin, and repealed so much of the Bland act as required the monthly purchase and coinage of not less than two millions nor more than four millions of dollars' worth of silver bullion. Act approved November 3, 1893, repealed the purchasing clause of the Sherman act, and declared it “to be the policy of the United States to continue the use of both gold and silver as standard money, and to coin both gold and silver into money of equal intrinsic and exchangeable value, such equality to be secured through international agreement or by such safeguards of legislation as will insure the maintenance of the parity in value of the coins of the two metals." In 1878 Congress passed the concurrent resolution known as the Matthews resolution, which will be found in the chapter on Mr. McKinley's silver record. So great an expounder of the Constitution as Daniel Webster held to the opinion that "gold and silver at rates fixed by Congress constitute the legal standard of values in this country, and that neither Congress nor any State has authority to establish any other standard or to displace this standard." The act authorizing the refunding of the national debt (1870) and the act to provide for the resumption of specie payments (1875) under which the bonds extant, including those issued by Secretary Carlisle, both provide that the bonds issued thereunder shall be redeemable in coin of the present standard value, and the bonds so issued all so stipulate on their face. Section 3693 of the Revised Statutes provides that the faith of the United States is pledged to the payment in coin of all the obligations of the United States except in cases where the law authorizing the issue of such obligations has expressly provided that the same shall be paid in lawful money or other currency than gold and silver. That private creditors understand the law to provide for payment in gold or silver at the option of the debtor is clear from the fact that none of them demand payment in gold. That public creditors so understand is equally clear from the fact that Morgan, Belmont & Co. concluded an arrangement with the Secretary of the Treasury for the purchase of $62,400,000 of bonds for which they offered to give a sum that would have netted the Government $16,174,770 more than the amount actually paid by them provided Congress would give authority to the Secretary of the Treasury to contract for payment in gold instead of payment in coin. This option was presented to the Congress by the President in a special message on February 13, 1895, and was refused. Does any sane man believe that there is any obligation, either legal or moral, on the part of the Government to pay these bonds in gold in the face of these facts? Thus, the defense against the charge of "dishonesty" and "repudiation" is not only good in law but, as no code of ethics, ancient or modern, teaches that it is dishonest to settle debts in the lawful money existing at the time of the contract, is equally sound in morals; and, therefore, is a complete vindication of free coinage advocates against all charges brought or which can he brought against them. It is well known that the acts of 1873 and 1874 surreptitiously demonetized silver. The Democratic platform simply proposes to restore the condition existing up to 1873. This and nothing more. We have undone the wrong of 1874. Is it dishonest to undo the wrong of 1873? If demonetization was wrong must not full remonetization be right? If not, why not? If remonetization "scale down” the credits of the rich, it will only scale them back to the old level from which they were and ought not to have been raised. If it be right so to "shade down” the values of money and credits and "shade up" the value of commodities, good morals cannot require that we ask the consent of the Shylocks of the world, who procured the passage of the acts of 1873 and 1874 and who control the financial policy of England if not of Germany, Austria, and the United States. Suppose the First National Bank of New York wanted to borrow $100,000, and its directors, at a meeting called for the purpose of authorizing such contract, refused to authorize the contract to provide for payment in gold, but provided by resolution for payment in coin, that is in gold or silver at the option of the bank. What would be thought of the president of the bank if he should nullify such action by waiving the option? He would be instantly dismissed as untrue to his trust. In like manner the people who are practically stockholders in our body politic have time and again refused through their representatives in Congress to surrender their option to pay the public indebtedness in silver coin. They who would change the terms of the contract by changing the value of the dollar and insist upon payment in an ever-appreciating dollar are the real repudiationists. He who stands by the contract and the Constitution is not guilty of immorality; but he who is engaged in the attempt to so change the contract as to enrich the creditor by adding to the burdens of the debtor is the dishonest man. V SECRETARY CARLISLE'S LETTER. In a letter, dated September 12, 1896, Secretary Carlisle said as follows on the subject of the maintenance of parity between gold and silver: * * * * “With knowledge of these assurances the people have received these coins, and have relied confidently upon the good faith of their Government, and the confidence thus inspired has been a most potent factor in the maintenance of the parity. The public has been satisfied that, so long as our present monetary system is preserved, the Government will do whatever its moral obligations and express declarations require it to do, and very largely as a consequence of this confidence in the good faith of the executive authorities the silver coins have not depreciated in value. It is not doubted that whatever can be lawfully done to maintain equality in the exchangeable value of the two metals will be done whenever it becomes necessary, and, although silver dollars and silver certificates have not, up to the present time, been received in exchange for gold, yet, if the time shall ever come when the parity cannot be otherwise maintained, such exchanges will be made. It is the duty of the Secretary of the Treasury, and of all other public officials, to execute in good faith the policy declared by Congress, and whenever he shall be satisfied that the silver dollar cannot be kept equal in purchasing power with the gold dollar, except by receiving it in exchange for the gold dollar, when such exchange is demanded, it will be his duty to adopt that course. But if our present policy is adhered to, and the coinage is kept within reasonable limits, the means heretofore employed for the maintenance of the parity will doubtless be found sufficient in the future, and our silver dollars and silver certifi. cates will continue to circulate at par with gold, thus enabling the people to use both metals instead of only one, as would be the case if the parity were destroyed by the free coinage." (hairman Faulkner Protests Against it in a Dictated Interview. WASHINGTON, Sept. 17.-Late this afternoon Senator Faulkner, Chairman of the Democratic Congressional Committee, gave out the following dictated interview on the Carlisle lettr published this morning: "I have read the letter of Secretary Carlisle, and my astonishment is equal to my regret that the Secretary of the Treasury should have announced a policy which invites a depreciation in the currency and will at once encourage the gold speculators and money-lenders of the country to additional raids upon our gold reserve, with a view of forcing the Government to continue issuing interest-bearing bonds to carry out the policy suggestd in the letter of the Secretary of the Treasury. I shall not comment upon the reasons which gentlemen holding the views of Mr. Carlisle have as to why the silver certificate and the silver dollar have to-day in this country the same purchasing power as the gold dollar, but I cannot refuse to express my absolute dissent from the policy announced by Mr. Carlisle as the one which will govern the Treasury in reference to redeeruing silver certificates and coineil silver dollars in gold. « PreviousContinue »
In a previous post Discovering and exploring mmap using Go, we talked about how databases have a major problem to solve, which is: how to deal with data stored in disk that is bigger than the available memory. We talked about how many databases solve this problem using memory-mapped files and explored mmap capabilities. Knowing that databases use memory-mapped files to solve the problem was not enough for me. It solved part of the mystery but a question remained: how, exactly, databases use mmap to read and write data from disk? I decided to dig through a database source code to answer that question. There are plenty of databases that use mmap. Some of them decided to not use anymore. Some examples: SQLite has an option of accessing disk content directly using memory-mapped I/O[1], it seems LevelDB used to use but it changed it[2], Lucene has an option with MMapDirectory[3], LMDB uses mmap[4], a simple key/value in-memory database from Counchbase called moss uses mmap for durability of in-memory data[5] and MongoDB removed mmap storage engine for WiredTiger[6]. I chose bolt, a simple key/value store implemented in Go by Ben Johnson inspired by the LMDB project, for this endeavor. Mostly because of source code simplicity and my familiarity with Go language. I know a simple key/value store might not be the most complete source code for learning all the details of reading/writing data to disk, but as I have found out, it was more than enough to get a grasp of it. The original bolt repository is no longer maintained. A fork of bolt called bbolt is maintained and used by etcd. If you are not familiar with bolt, I recommend the articles Intro to BoltDB: Painless Performant Persistence and Bolt — an embedded key/value database for Go . The start I download the code to my machine and opened it in my editor. I thought a good place to start digging was to find out where the database was initialized and look for any references of mmap there. Like most embedded databases, bolt has an Open method for opening the database or creating a new one if it does not exist. Inside it, I found a reference to a private mmap function. That's a good start. // Memory map the data file. if err := db.mmap(options.InitialMmapSize); err != nil { _ = db.close() return nil, err How much memory should I allocate? The private mmap is responsible for opening the memory-mapped file. In order to do this, it needs to figure out how much memory it is going to allocate. This task is accomplished by another method called mmapSize. Given the size of the database, this method figures out how many bytes of memory should be allocated. It starts by doubling the size from 32KB to 1GB. But if the database is larger than 1GB, it grows 1GB at a time. // Double the size from 32KB until 1GB. for i := uint(15); i <= 30; i++ { if size <= 1<<i { return 1 << i, nil // If larger than 1GB then grow by 1GB at a time. sz := int64(size) if remainder := sz % int64(maxMmapStep); remainder > 0 { sz += int64(maxMmapStep) - remainder It is all fine by now. That's how bolt figured out how much to allocate. But there is a piece of the puzzle now that will be very important when we talk about database storage layout. After figuring out how much to allocate, it needs to ensure that the allocated size is a multiple of the page size. If you are not familiar with database storage and don't know what a page is, don't worry, we'll be back to this. // Ensure that the mmap size is a multiple of the page size. // This should always be true since we're incrementing in MBs. pageSize := int64(db.pageSize) if (sz % pageSize) != 0 { sz = ((sz / pageSize) + 1) * pageSize Shouldn't it check if we are allocating more than we have available? That's the last piece of the mmapSize method. // If we've exceeded the max size then only grow up to the max size. if sz > maxMapSize { sz = maxMapSize The maxMapSize constant is set to 0xFFFFFFFFFFFF on AMD64 architectures. The AMD64 architecture defines a 64-bit virtual address format, of which the low-order 48 bits are used in current implementations. This allows up to 256 TiB (248 bytes) of virtual address space. - x86-64 Wiki This is the limit of the bolt database file. Calling the system call Now that bolt knows how much it should allocate, it calls the system call mmap. Here is the full code for Unix-like environments: // mmap memory maps a DB's data file. func mmap(db DB, sz int) error { // Map the data file to memory. b, err := syscall.Mmap(int(db.file.Fd()), 0, sz, syscall.PROT_READ, syscall.MAP_SHARED\|db.MmapFlags) if err != nil { return err // Advise the kernel that the mmap is accessed randomly. if err := madvise(b, syscall.MADV_RANDOM); err != nil { return fmt.Errorf("madvise: %s", err) // Save the original byte slice and convert to a byte array pointer. db.dataref = b = ([maxMapSize]byte)(unsafe.Pointer(&b[0])) db.datasz = sz return nil It is a pretty straightforward code. I have some observations to make about syscall.PROT_READ, but I'll leave for the next session. It is nice to see the call to madvise there, although I don't know its benefits. I would love to know the importance of that call, if it improves performance or if another flag could be set to get different behavior from OS for different use cases. The mapped memory is set to the variables db.dataref and I would like to know about the importance of keeping track of both variables. I could not grasp what is going on in the conversion to But anyway, what we have to keep in mind is that is through these variables that bolt will read data from disk. What about writes? While skimming through the source code, I looked for evidence of how mmap was used for both reads and writes. I dug both Get and Put method. I could not find any place where the references to db.dataref or were being updated. I discovered that the writes to disk happen when Commit is called to a transaction. But there I could only find calls to WriteAt. So I gave up my search of trying to understand how mmap was used for writes. Then, suddenly, while looking back to the call of mmap, I noticed the syscall.PROT_READ flag that I have not noticed the first time I looked at the code. So mmap, is only used for reads in bolt. Another place that indicates this is in the definition of DB struct: dataref []byte // mmap'ed readonly, write throws SEGV data [maxMapSize]byte That made perfect sense to me. Since flushes to disk are very hard to control when using mmap, it is probably the safest approach. How bolt does writing is a topic of another post. How the database file is structured? We know how and when bolt allocates memory and that mmap is not used for writes. But how, exactly, bolt can find the value of a key? To understand that, we have to understand how typically databases structure their files. I am not going to do deep here. Mostly because I don't understand enough to go deep. Just going to try to give a glimpse of what is going on. A file is just an array of bytes. We have to apply some reasoning to this array of bytes to work with it effectively. Databases structure their files in disk into blocks (chunks of bytes) called pages. bolt is no different. The database file can be seen as Each page has a fixed length of bytes, typically the same size as the OS page (usually 4096 bytes). Here is the part of bolt that sets the pageSize. // default page size for db is set to the OS page size. var defaultPageSize = os.Getpagesize() Every database has its own page layout. The page layout of bolt is defined at page.go as const ( branchPageFlag = 0x01 leafPageFlag = 0x02 metaPageFlag = 0x04 freelistPageFlag = 0x10 const ( bucketLeafFlag = 0x01 type pgid uint64 type page struct { id pgid flags uint16 count uint16 overflow uint32 ptr uintptr • id: it is the page identifier used to index the page. Given a page id, I can locate it in the disk through mmap, since the disk file is just a list of continuous fixed length pages; • flags: it tells the page type. There are four types of page: meta, freeList, leaf and branch; • count: indicates the number of elements stored in the page; • overflow: represents the number of subsequent pages; • ptr: indicates the end of page header and start of page data. This is where the keys and values are going to be stored. A visual representation of a page: Layout of a page With this in mind, we can look at the code that retrieves a page given its id. // page retrieves a page reference from the mmap based on the current page size. func (db DB) page(id pgid) page { pos := id pgid(db.pageSize) return (page)(unsafe.Pointer(&[pos])) We know how the database file is structured in disk and we know how to retrieve a page from disk. But how a bucket.Get([]byte("key")) search works? We are not going to go into too much detail here. I hope the abstraction I created will be enough to get a clue about what is going on. What if the pages themselves, in the data part, contained references to other pages? And what if these references build up to form a B+Tree? That is exactly what bolt does. Thinking of the page as a node of a B+Tree. In a B+Tree we have internal nodes and leaves. That's the reason for the `flags` attribute, to indicate what kind of node that page is. Abstract representation of a B+Tree in bolt So to perform the search of a key, you start at the root node a do a B+Tree traversal on mmapped disk pages. Therefore, bolt is a memory-mapped B+Tree file. The more memory you have, the more it will behave like a memory key/value store. There are many more details about this process. Most of it I don't understand myself. So let's just keep it simple at this abstract level. Resizing mmap When I started looking at the source code, I searched for all calls of mmap. The first was found at the Open method, as explained in the beginning. And the second one was found at the allocate method. When bolt is writing it needs to make sure it is not consuming all the allocated memory. If it sees that it is going to exceed the database size, it resizes the memory. // Resize mmap() if we're at the end. = db.rwtx.meta.pgid var minsz = int(( db.pageSize if minsz >= db.datasz { if err := db.mmap(minsz); err != nil { return nil, fmt.Errorf("mmap allocate error: %s", err) Reading bolt source code is a very nice way of understanding database internals. It was not very intimidating as I thought it would be. We ignored most of its source code, trying to focus only on how mmap is used to retrieve data from disk efficiently. There are so many more concepts we can learn from bolt like transactions, atomic, isolation, concurrency control, but I'll leave for another posts. It is important to remind that the strategy used by bolt is just one of multiple strategies. Others databases uses different page layouts and different data structures. However, on a higher level the logic of mmapped databases should be the same I guess. I am on a journey to learn more about databases. If you are interested you can follow me on twitter, where I share more related content. If you want to learn more about bolt [1] Memory-Mapped I/O [2] mmap based writing vs. stdio based writing [3] Memory-mapped files with Lucene: some more aspects [5] Marty Schoch - Building a High-Performance Key/Value Store in Go [6] Storage Engines
Quick Answer: How Do Methods Help Us To Arrive In Truth? What is the first step of the scientific method answers com? What is the definition of scientific method?Identify A Problem and Ask A Question.Make A Hypothesis.Test The Hypothesis (Design & Conduct Experiments)Collect Data.Analyaze The Results.Draw Conclusions.Make Recommendations / Solutions.. How does the scientific method point towards truth? Explanations and theories that correctly predict new results from new observations or experiments bring us closer to a true understanding of nature and the rules by which it operates. … Scientific truths are based on clear observations of physical reality and can be tested through observation. How do we use the scientific method in everyday life? How to Use the Scientific Method in Everyday LifeLocate or identify a problem to solve. … Describe the problem in detail. … Form a hypothesis about what the possible cause of the problem might be, or what a potential solution could be.More items… What is an example of a scientific problem? A scientific problem is a question that you have that can be answered via an experiment. … For example, the problem of trying to figure out what to have for dinner isn’t a scientific problem, since you can’t conduct an experiment to find the answer. What is a good question for the scientific method? A good scientific question is one that can have an answer and be tested. For example: “Why is that a star?” is not as good as “What are stars made of?” 2. A good scientific question can be tested by some experiment or measurement that you can do. What is the last step of scientific method? The last step of the scientific method is to form a conclusion. If the data support the hypothesis, then the hypothesis may be the explanation for the phenomena. What type of question can the scientific method attempt to answer? It is an attempt to answer your question with an explanation that can be tested. A good hypothesis allows you to then make a prediction: “If _____[I do this] _____, then _____[this]_____ will happen.” What are the 10 steps of the scientific method? What is the first step in the scientific method? How many different scientific methods are there? There are two basic types of research associated with the scientific method. Quantitative research is based on collecting facts and figures. This type research is common in biology. What are the six basic steps of scientific method? Why do we need scientific method? What is the correct order of the steps in the scientific method quizlet? Terms in this set (6)Step One: Ask a Question. Develop a question or problem that can be solved through experimentation.Step Two: Form a Hypothesis. Predict a possible answer to the problem or question.Step Three: Test the Hypothasis. … Step Four: Analyze the Results. … Step Five: Draw a conclustion. … Step Six: Share the Results. How does the scientific method help to arrive at a true explanation of a natural event? The scientific method attempts to explain the natural occurrences (phenomena) of the universe by using a logical, consistent, systematic method of investigation, information (data) collection, data analysis (hypothesis), testing (experiment), and refinement to arrive at a well-tested, well-documented, explanation that … How is truth determined? What are the 7 steps in a scientific investigation? What are the 3 theories of truth? What are the four theories of truth? Summary. There are often said to be five main ‘theories of truth’: correspondence, coherence, pragmatic, redundancy, and semantic theories. The coherence theory of truth equates the truth of a judgment with its coherence with other beliefs. What is the basis of truth? How does the scientific method help us to make decisions? What order is the scientific method? Why is it important for scientists to make decisions? Scientific knowledge is important in the decision making process for society, but there is a mutual responsibility for scientists to convey their knowledge to the public and for the public to seek appropriate expert knowledge and to consider the implications of this knowledge. Why the scientific method is flawed? What jobs use the scientific method? The scientific method is not just for scientists, but is for lawyers, business executives, advertising and marketing analysts, and many others. What are the 8 steps in scientific method?
Lesson 6 Strategic Solving The practice problem answers are available at one of our IM Certified Partners Problem 1 Solve each of these equations. Explain or show your reasoning. Problem 2 Solve each equation and check your solution. Problem 3 Elena said the equation $9x+15=3x+15$ has no solutions because $9x$ is greater than $3x$. Do you agree with Elena? Explain your reasoning. Problem 4 The table gives some sample data for two quantities, $x$ and $y$, that are in a proportional relationship. 1. Complete the table. 2. Write an equation that represents the relationship between $x$ and $y$ shown in the table. 3. Graph the relationship. Use a scale for the axes that shows all the points in the table. $x$ $y$ 14 21 Blank coordinate plane. (From Grade8, Unit 3, Lesson 3.)
Prometheus Unbound (Shelley) Prometheus Unbound (Shelley) :"For other works of this title, see Prometheus Unbound." "Prometheus Unbound" is a four-act play by Percy Bysshe Shelley first published in 1820, concerned with the torments of the Greek mythological figure Prometheus and his suffering at the hands of Zeus. It is inspired by Aeschylus's "Prometheus Bound" and concerns Prometheus' release from captivity. However, unlike Aeschylus' version, there is no reconciliation between Prometheus and Zeus. Instead, Jupiter (Zeus) is overthrown, which allows Prometheus to be released. Shelley's play is closet drama, meaning it was not intended to be produced on the stage. In the tradition of Romantic Poetry, Shelley wrote for the imagination, intending his play's stage to reside in the imaginations of his readers. Mary Shelley, in a letter on 5 September 1818, was the first to describe her husband Percy Shelley's writing of "Prometheus Unbound". [Zillman 1959 p. 3] In 22 September 1818, Shelley, while in Padua, wrote to Mary, who was at Este, requesting "The sheets of 'Prometheus Unbound,' which you will find numbered from one to twenty-six on the table of the pavilion." [Shelley 1930 IX p. 332] There is little other evidence as to when Shelley began "Prometheus Unbound" while he was living in Italy,Zillman 1959 p. 4] but Shelley first mentions his progress in a letter to Thomas Peacock on 8 October 1818: "I have been writing - and indeed have just finished the first act of a lyrical and classical drama, to be called 'Prometheus Unbound'." [Shelley 1930 IX . 336] Shelley stopped working on the poem following the death of Clara Shelley on 24 September 1818. After her death, Shelley began to travel across Italy, and would not progress with the drama until after 24 January 1819. By April, the majority of the play was completed, and Shelley wrote to Peacock on 6 April 1819: "My Prometheus Unbound is just finished, and in a month or two I shall send it". [Shelley 1930 X p. 48] Shelley also wrote to Leigh Hunt to tell him that the play was finished. However, the play was not yet published; Shelley would be delayed in editing and finishing the work by another death, that of William Shelley, who died on 7 June 1819. On 6 September 1819, Shelley wrote to Charles and James Ollier to say, "My 'Prometheus,' which has been long finished, is now being transcribed, and will soon be forwarded to you for publication." [Shelley 1930 X p. 79] The play was delayed in publication, because John Gisborne, who Shelley trusted to go to England with the text, delayed his journey. It was not until December 1819 that the manuscript with the first three acts of "Prometheus Unbound" was sent to England. [Zillman p. 5] The fourth act was incomplete by this time, and on 23 December 1819, Shelley wrote to Gisborne, "I have just finished an additional act to 'Prometheus' which Mary is now transcribing, and which will be enclosed for your inspection before it is transmitted to the Bookseller." [Shelley 1930 X p. 136] While in Italy, Shelley became concerned about the progress of publishing "Prometheus Unbound". He wrote many letters to Charles Ollier from March until April asking about the drama's progress and wanted to know if the text was accurate because he was unable to check the proofs himself. Both Percy and Mary Shelley were eager to hear when the book was published, and inquired Gisborne's wife, Thomas Medwin, and John Keats about its release throughout July 1820. It was not until late August that the received word that the book was published. They were eager to read the published version and found one by November 1820. [Zillman pp. 6–7] After they procured a copy, Shelley wrote to the Olliers on 10 November 1820: "Mr. Gisborne has sent me a copy of the 'Prometheus,' which is certainly most beautifully printed. It is to be regretted that the errors of the press are so numerous, and in many respects so destructive of the sense of a species of poetry which, I fear, even with this disadvantage, very few will understand or like." [Shelley 1930 X p. 219] A corrected edition was sent on 20 January 1821 along with a letter from Shelley that explains "the Errata of 'Prometheus,' which I ought to have sent long since - a formidable list, as you will see". [Shelley 1930 X p. 232] Shelley did not forget the printing errors, and even criticized Charles Ollier later when Shelley sent "Adonais" to be published. [Zillman p. 8] Shelley's own introduction to the play explains his intentions behind the work. He defends his choice to adapt Aeschylus' myth - his choice to have Jupiter overthrown rather than Prometheus reconciled - with: Act I Act I begins in the Indian Caucasus where the titan Prometheus is bound to a rock face and he is surrounded by the nymphs Panthea and Ione. As morning breaks, Prometheus cries out against the "Monarch of Gods and Daemons", Jupiter, and his tyrannous kingship. [Shelley 1820 p. ] From his bound position, Prometheus claims to be greater than Jupiter before relating his suffering to the conditions of nature, including the Earth, Heaven, Sun, Sea, and Shadow. He turns to how nature has aided in his torture along with the constant tearing at his flesh by "Heaven's winged hound", the hawks of Jupiter. [Shelley 1820 p. ] As he accounts his sufferings more and more, he reaches a peak of declaring that he would "The curse/ Once breathed on thee I would recall." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Four voices, from the mountains, springs, air, and whirlwinds, respond to Prometheus through describing how they see the world and how "we shrank back: for dreams of ruin/ To frozen caves our flight pursuing/ Made us keep silence". [Shelley 1820 p. ] The Earth then joins in to describe how all parts of the world cried out "Misery!". Prometheus reflects on the voices before returning to his own suffering at Jupiter's hands and recalling his love for the titan Asia. Shortly after, he demands to hear his curse against Jupiter, and the Earth tells Prometheus "I dare not speak like life, lest Heaven's fell King/ Should hear, and link me to some wheel of pain/ More torturing than the one whereon I roll" and also that he is "more than God/ Being wise and kind". [Shelley 1820 p. ] Prometheus asks who he is talking to, and the Earth admits to being the mother of all who suffers under Jupiter's tyranny. Prometheus praises her, but demands that she recalls the curse he laid upon Jupiter. The Earth responds by describing Zoroaster and that there are two realities: the current and the shadow reality that exists "Till death unite them and they part no more".Shelley 1820 p. ] She then mentions Demogorgon, "the supreme Tyrant" of the shadow realm, and asks Prometheus to call upon "Thine own ghost, or the ghost of Jupiter,/ Hades, or Typhon or what mightier Gods/ From all-prolific Evil" if he wishes to hear his curse spoken again. Taking her advice, Prometheus calls upon the Phantasm of Jupiter, and Ione and Panthea describe the phantasm's appearance soon after. The phantasm first asks, "Why have the secret/ powers of this strange world/ Driven me, a frail and empty phantom, hither/ On direst storms?" [Shelley 1820 pp. –] Prometheus commands the phantasm to recall the curse against Jupiter, and the phantasm obeys::Fiend, I defy thee! with a calm, fixed mind, :All that thou canst inflict I bid thee do;:Foul Tyrant both of Gods and Human-kind,:One only being shalt thou not subdue.... :Thou art omnipotent.:O'er all things but thyself I gave thee power,:And my own will.... :I curse thee! let a sufferer's curse:Clasp thee, his torturer, like remorse;:'Till thine Infinity shall be:A robe of envenomed agony;:And thine Omnipotence a crown of pain,:To cling like burning gold round thy dissolving brain. [Shelley 1820 pp. –] After hearing these words, Prometheus repents and claims, "I wish no living thing to suffer pain". [Shelley 1820 p. ] The Earth laments that Prometheus is vanquished and Ione responds by claiming that he has not been, but both are interrupted by the appearance of Mercury. With him appear a group of furies who hope to torture Prometheus, but Mercury threatens and keeps them from interfering as he brings his message from Jupiter: "I come, by the great Father's will driven down,/ To execute a doom of new revenge." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Although Mercury admits to pitying Prometheus, he is bound to oppose Prometheus who stands against Jupiter. He asks Prometheus to reveal a secret of Jupiter's fate only Prometheus knows, and Prometheus refuses to submit to Jupiter's will. Mercury tries to barter with Prometheus, offering him the pleasure of being free from bondage and being welcomed among the gods, but Prometheus refuses. At the refusal, Jupiter makes his anger known by causing thunder to ring out across the mountains. Mercury departs at the omen, and the furies begin to taunt Prometheus by saying that they attack people from within before they attack Prometheus without. After the all of the furies but one leave, Panthea and Ione despair over Prometheus's tortured body. Prometheus describes his torture as part of his martyrdom and tells the lone fury, "Thy words are like a cloud of winged snakes;/ And yet I pity those they torture not.", to which to fury departs. [Shelley 1820 p. ] Soon after, Prometheus declares that peace comes with death, but that he would never want to be mortal. The Earth responds to Prometheus, "I felt thy torture, son, with such mixed joy/ As pain and virtue give." [Shelley 1820 p. ] At that moment, a Chorus of Spirits appears and celebrate Prometheus's secret knowledge, which then break into accounts of dying individuals and the ultimate triumph of good people over evil. The spirits together tell Prometheus, "Thou shalt quell this horseman grim,/ Woundless though in heart or limb", an act which shall happen because of Prometheus's secret. [Shelley 1820 p. ] The spirits depart, leaving Ione and Panthea to discuss the spirits' message with Prometheus, and Prometheus recalls the titan Asia, and the Act ends with Panthea telling Prometheus that Asia awaits him. Act II Act II Scene I begins in an Indian Caucasus valley where the titan Asia proclaims that "This is the season, this the day, the hour;/ At sunrise thou shouldst come, sweet sister mine" and so Panthea enters. [Shelley 1820 p. ] Panthea describes to Asia how life for her and Ione has changed since Prometheus's fall and how she came to know of Prometheus's love in a dream. Asia asks Panthea to "lift/ Thine eyes, that I may read his written soul!" to which Panthea agreed, and the dream of Prometheus was revealed to Asia. [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia witnesses another dream in Panthea's eyes, and the two discuss the many new images of nature that both of their minds are filled with and the words "Follow! Follow!" are repeated in their minds. Their words are soon repeated by Echoes, which join in telling the two to follow. Asia questions the Echoes, but the Echoes only beckon them further, "In the world unknown/ sleeps a voice unspoken;/ By they step alone/ Can its rest be broken", and the two begin to follow the voices. [Shelley 1820 p. ] Scene II takes place in a forest and a group of spirits and fauns. Although the scene transitions to the next quickly, the spirits describe Asia's and Panthea's journey and how "There those enchanted eddies play/ Of echoes, music-tongued, which draw,/ By Demogorgon's mighty law,/ With melting rapture, or sweet awe,/ All spirits on that secret way". [Shelley 1820 p. ] Scene III takes place in mountains, to which Panthea declares, "Hither the sound has borne us - to the realm/ Of Demogorgon". [Shelley 1820 p. ] After Asia and Panthea are overwhelmed by their surroundings and witness the acts of nature around the mountains, a Song of Spirits begins, calling them "To the deep, to the deep,/ Down, down!" [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia and Panthea descend, and Scene IV begins in the cave of the Demogorgon. Panthea describes Demogorgon upon his ebon throne: "I see a mighty darkness/ Filling the seat of power, and rays of gloom/ Dart round, as light from the meridian sun,/ Ungazed upon and shapeless; neither limb,/ Nor form, nor outline; yet we feel it is/ A living Spirit." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia questions Demogorgon about the creator of the world, and Demogorgon declares that God created all, including all of the good and all of the bad. Asia becomes upset that Demogorgon will not reveal the name of God, first demanding, "Utter his name: a world pining in pain/ Asks but his name: curses shall drag him down." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia continues to question Demogorgon, and accounts the history of Saturn and Jupiter as rulers of the universe. She declares that "Then Prometheus/ Gave wisdom, which is strength, to Jupiter,/ And with this law alone, 'Let man be free,'/ Clothed him with the dominion of wide Heaven. To know nor faith, nor love, nor law; to be/ Omnipotent but friendless is to reign". [Shelley 1820 p. ] She criticizes Jupiter for all of the problems of the world: famine, disease, strife and death. Prometheus, she continues, gave man fire, the knowledge of mining, speech, science, and medicine. Demogorgon simply responses, "All spirits are enslaved which serve things evil:/ Thou knowest if Jupiter be such or no", and, when Asia continues to press Demogorgon for answers, and Demogorgon claims that "All things are subject to eternal Love". [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia declares that Demogorgon's answer is the same as that her own heart had given her, and then asks when Prometheus will be freed. Demogorgon cries out "Behold!" and Asia watches as the mountain opens and chariots moves out across the night sky, which Demogorgon explains as being driven by the Hours. One Hour stays to talk to Asia, and Asia questions him as to who he is. The Hour responds, "I am the shadow of a destiny/ More dread than is my aspect: ere yon planet/ Has set, the darkness which ascends with me/ Shall wrap in lasting night heaven's kingless throne." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia questions as to what the Hour means, and Panthea describes how Demogorgon has risen from his thrown to join the Hour to travel across the sky. Panthea witnesses another Hour come, and that Hour asks Asia and Panthea to ride with him. The chariot takes off, and Scene V takes place upon a mountaintop as the chariot stops. The Hour claims that his horses are tired, but Asia encourages him onwards. However, Panthea asks the hour to stay and "tell whence is the light/ Which fills the cloud? the sun is yet unrisen", and the Hour tells her "Apollo/ Is held in heaven by wonder; and the light... Flows from thy mighty sister." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Panthea realizes that Asia is changed, and described how her sister radiates with beauty. A song fills the air singing the "Life of Life", a song about the power of love. Asia tells of her current state and describes, "Realms where the air we breathe is love,/ Which in the wnds on the waves doth move,/ Harmonizing this earth with what we feel above." [Shelley 1820 p. ] It is through her love that she witnesses how people move through time, and ends with the idea of a coming paradise. Act III Scene I takes place in heaven, with Jupiter upon his throne before other gods. Jupiter speaks to the gods and calls them to rejoice over his omnipotence. He claims to have conquered all but the soul of mankind, "which might make/ Our antique empire insecure, though built/ On eldest faith, and hell's coeval, fear". [Shelley 1820 p. ] Jupiter admits that "Even now have I begotten a strange wonder,/ That fatal child, the terror of the earth,/ Who waits but till the distant hour arrive,/ Bearing from Demogorgon's vacant throne/ The dreadful might of ever-living limbs/ Which clothed that awful spirit unbeheld,/ To redescend, and trample out the spark." [Shelley 1820 p. ] He commands the gods to drink before saying, "even then/ Two mighty spirits, mingling, made a third/ Mightier than either, which, unbodied now,/ Between us floats, felt, although unbeheld,/ Waiting the incarnation, which ascends... from Demogorgon's throne/ Victory! victory! Feel'st thou not, O world,/ The earthquake of his chariot thundering up/ Olympus? Awful shape, what art though? Speak!" [Shelley 1820 p. ] Demogorgon appears and answers - Eternity. He proclaims to be Jupiter's child and more powerful than Jupiter. Jupiter pleads for mercy, and claims that not even Prometheus would have him suffer. When Demogorgon does not respond, Jupiter declares that he shall fight Demogorgon, but as Jupiter moves to attack, the elements refuse to help him and so Jupiter falls. Scene II takes place at a river on Atlantis, and Ocean discusses Jupiter's fall with Apollo. Apollo declares that he will not dwell on the fall, and the two part. Scene III takes place on the Caucasus after Hercules has unbound Prometheus. Hercules tells Prometheus: Most glorious among spirits, thus doth strength/ To wisdom, courage, and long-suffering love,/ and thee, who art the form they animate,/ Minister like a slave." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Prometheus thanks Hercules, and then turns to Asia and describes to hers a cave in which they could call home and be with each other forever. Prometheus requests the Hour to take Ione, with the conch shell of Proteus, over the earth so she can "breathe into the many-folded shell, Loosing its mighty music; it shall be/ As thunder mingled with clear echoes: then/ Return; and thou shalt dwell besides our cave." [Shelley 1820 p. ] He calls upon the Earth, and she responds that she feels life and joy. She then proclaims, "And death shall be the last embrace of her/ Who takes the life she gave, even as a mother/ Folding her child, says, 'Leave me not again.'" [Shelley 1820 p. ] Asia questions Earth as to why she mentions death, and the Earth responds that Asia could not understand because she is immortal. She then describes the nature of death, of war, and faithless faith. She then calls forth a spirit, her torch bearer, who would guide Prometheus, Asia, and the others to a temple that was once dedicated to Prometheus and will become their cave to dwell in. Scene IV takes place in a forest near the cave, the place the spirit guided them. Prometheus describes how the spirit was once close to Asia, and Asia and the spirit begin to talk to each other about nature and love. The Hour comes and tells of a change: "Soon as the sound had ceased whose thunder filled/ The abysses of the sky and the wide earth,/ There was a change: the impalpable thing air/ And the all-circling sunlight were transformed,/ As if the sense of love dissolved in them/ Had folded itself round the sphered world." [Shelley 1820 p. ] He then describes a revolution within mankind: thrones were abandoned and men treated each other as equals and with love. Mankind no longer feared Jupiter the tyrant, men no longer acted as tyrants themselves, and "The painted veil, by those who were, called life,/ Which mimicked, as with colours idly spread,/ All men believed and hoped, is torn aside;/ The loathsome mask has fallen, the man remains/ Sceptreless, free, uncircumscribed, but man/ Equal, unclassed, tribeless, and nationless,/ Exempt from awe, worship, degree, the king/ Over himself; just, gentle, wise: but man/ Passionless; no, yet free from guilt or pain". [Shelley 1820 p. ] Act IV Act IV opens as a voice fills the forest near Prometheus's cave as Ione and Panthea sleep. The voice describes the dawn before a group of dark forms and shadows, who claim to be the dead Hours, begin to sing of King of Hours's death. Ione awakes and asks Panthea who they were, and Panthea explains. The voice breaks in to ask "where are ye" before the Hours describe their history. Panthea describes spirits of the human mind approaching, and these spirits soon join in with the others singing and rejoice in love. Eventually, they decide to break their song and go across the world to proclaim love. Ione and Panthea notice a new music, which Panthea describes as "the deep music of the rolling world/ Kindling within the strings of the waved air,/ Æolian modulations." [Shelley 1820 p. ] Panthea then describes how the two melodies are parted, and Ione interrupts by describing a beautiful chariot with a winged infant whose "two eyes are heavens/ Of liquid darkness, which the Deity/ Within seems pouring, as a storm is poured/ From jagged clouds" and "in its hand/ It sways a quivering moon-beam". [Shelley 1820 p. ] Panthea resumes describing a sphere of music and light containing a sleeping child who is the Spirit of the Earth. The Earth interrupts and describes "The joy, the triumph, the delight, the madness!/ The boundless, overflowing, bursting gladness,/ The vapourous exultation not to be confined!"Shelley 1820 p. ] The Moon responds by describing a light which has come from the Earth and penetrates the Moon. The Earth explains how all of the world "Laugh with a vast and inextinguishable laughter". The Moon then describes how all of the moon is awakening and singing. The Earth sings of how man is restored and united: "Man, oh, not men! a chain of linked thought,/ Of love and might to be divided not,/ Compelling the elements with adamantine stress". [Shelley 1820 p. ] The Earth continues by declaring that man now controls even lightning, and that the Earth has no secrets left from man. Panthea and Ione interrupt the Earth and the Moon by describing the passing of the music as a nymph rising from water. Panthea then claims, "A mighty Power, which is as darkness,/ Is rising out of Earth, and from the sky/ Is showered like night, and from within the air/ Bursts, like eclipse which has been gathered up/ Into the pores of sunlight". [Shelley 1820 pp. –] Demogorgon appears and speaks to the Earth, the Moon, and "Ye kings of suns and stars, Dæmons and Gods,/ Ætherial Dominations, who possess/ Elysian, windless, fortunate abodes/ Beyond Heaven's constellated wilderness". [Shelley 1820 p. ] The Demogorgon speaks to all of the voices the final lines of the play::This is the day, which down the void abysm:At the Earth-born's spell yawns for HEaven's despotism,:And Conquest is dragged captive through the deep::Love, from its awful throne of patient power:In the wise heart, from the last giddy hour:Of dead endurance, from the slippery, steep,:And narrow verge of crag-like agony, springs:And folds over the world its healing wings. :Gentleness, Virtue, Wisdom, and Endurance,:These are the seals of that most firm assurance:Which bars the pit over Destruction's strength;:And if, with infirm hand, Eternity,:Mother of many acts and hours, should free:The serpent that would clasp her with his length;:These are the spells by which to re-assume:An empire o'er the disentangled doom. :To suffer woes which Hope thinks infinite;:To forgive wrongs darker than death or night;:To defy Power, which seems omnipotent;:To love, and bear; to hope till Hope creates:From its own wreck the thing it contemplates;:Neither to change, nor flatter, nor repent;:This, like thy glory, Titan, is to be:Good, great and joyous, beautiful and free;:This is alone Life, Joy, Empire, and Victory. [Shelley 1820 pp. –] * Prometheus. * Demogorgon. * Jupiter. * The Earth. * Ocean. * Apollo. * Mercury. * Hercules. * Asia. (Oceanides) * Panthea. (Oceanides) * Ione (Oceanides) * The Phantasm of Jupiter. * The Spirit of the Earth. * Spirits of the Hours. * Spirits. * Echoes. * Fawns. * Furies. atanic hero Shelley compares his Romantic hero Prometheus to Milton's Satan from Paradise Lost. In other words, while Milton's Satan embodies a spirit of rebellion, and, as Maud Bodkin claims, "The theme of his heroic struggle and endurance against hopeless odds wakens in poet and reader a sense of his own state as against the odds of his destiny".Bodkin p. 234] However, Satan's character is flawed because his aims are not humanistic. Satan is like Prometheus in his struggle against the universe, but Satan looses his heroic aspect after being turned into a serpent who desires only revenge and becomes an enemy to mankind. But Bodkin, unlike Shelley, believes that humans would view Prometheus and Satan together in a negative way: We must similarly recognize that within our actual experience the factors we distinguish are more massively intangible, more mutually incompatible and more insistent than they can appear as translated into reflective speech. Take, for example, the sense of sin imaginatively revived as we respond to Milton's presentation of Satan, or to the condemnation, suggested by Aeschylus' drama, of the rebellion of Prometheus in effecting the 'progress' of man. What in our analysis we might express as the thought that progress is evil or sinful, would, in the mind of Aeschylus, Abercromer comments, 'more likely be a shadowy relic of loyalty to the tribe' - a vague fear of anything that might weaken social solidarity. Not in the mind of Aeschylus only but in the mind of the reader of to-day. [Bodkin p. 234] If we do sympathize with Prometheus or Satan, we view Jupiter and God as omnipotent and unchallengable beings that rely on their might to stay in power. Furthermore, Æschylus's Jupiter is a representation of Destiny, and it is a force that is constantly at odds with the individual's free will. [Bodkin pp. 246–247] In Milton, God is able to easily overthrow Satan. Although both divine beings represent something that is opposed to the human will, both represent something inside of the human mind that seeks to limit uncontrolled free will: reason and conscience. However, Shelley's version of Jupiter is unable to overwhelm the will of Prometheus, and Shelley gives the power of reason and conscience to his God: the Unseen Power of "Hymn to Intellectual Beauty". [Bodkin pp. 252–253] The character Demogorgon represents, according to Bodkin, the Unconscious. It is "the unknown force within the soul that, after extreme conflict and utter surrender of the conscious will, by virtue of the imaginative, creative element drawn down into the depths, can arise and shake the whole accustomed attitude of a man, changing its established tensions and oppressions."Bodkin pp. 255–256] The Demogorgon is the opposite of Jupiter who, "within the myth, is felt as such a tension, a tyranny established in the far past by the spirit of a man upon himself and his world, a tyranny that, till it can be overthrown, holds him straightened and tormented, disunited from his own creative energies." In his Prometheus, Shelley seeks to create a perfect revolutionary in an ideal, abstract sense (thus the difficulty of the poem). Shelley's Prometheus could be loosely based upon the Jesus of both the Bible, Christian orthodox tradition, as well as Milton's character of the Son in Paradise Lost. While Jesus or the Son sacrifices himself to save mankind, this act of sacrifice does nothing to overthrow the type of tyranny embodied, for Shelley, in the figure of God the Father. Prometheus resembles Jesus in that both uncompromisingly speak truth to power, and in how Prometheus overcomes his tyrant, Jupiter; Prometheus conquers Jupiter by "recalling" a curse Prometheus had made against Jupiter in a period before the play begins. The word "recall" in this sense means both to remember and to retract, and Prometheus, by forgiving Jupiter, removes Jupiter's power, which all along seems to have stemmed from his opponents' anger and will to violence. [See Susan Hawk Brisman's. '"Unsaying His High Language": The Problem of Voice in Prometheus. Unbound' (Studies in Romanticism).] However, In Act I, Shelley relies on the Furies as the image of the crucifixion of Christ.Zillman 1959 p. 394] When Prometheused is tortured by the furies, Panthea describes Prometheus as "a youth/ With patient looks nailed to a crucifix."Shelley 1820 p. ] Soon after, Prometheus asks a fury "Remit the anguish of that lighted stare;/ Close those wan lips; let that thorn-wounded brow/ Stream not with blood" and "So thy sick throes shake not that crucifix". In the regeneration of mankind and the world are symbolized by the union of Prometheus and Asia. [Abrams 1973 p. 30] In order to achieve this, Shelley relies on classical myth in order to draw upon the idea of Saturn's Golden Age, and then he combines it with the Biblical ideas of the fall and the millenium. [Abrams 1973 p. 299] Prometheus, then, is also Shelley's answer to the mistakes of the French Revolution and its cycle of replacing one tyrant with another. Shelley wished to show how a revolution could be conceived which would avoid doing just that, and in the end of this play, there is no power in charge at all; it is an anarchist's paradise. Shelley finishes his "Preface" to the play with an evocation of his intentions as a poet: Essentially, "Prometheus Unbound", as re-wrought in Shelley's hands, is a fiercely revolutionary text championing free will, goodness, hope and idealism in the face of oppression. The Epilogue, spoken by Demogorgon, expresses Shelley's tenets as a poet and as a revolutionary: Shelley's "Prometheus Unbound" responds to the revolutions and economic changes affecting his society, and the old views of good and evil needed to change in order to accommodate the current civilization. [Abrams 1973 p. 293] Technical aspects Later editing Shelley continued working on the play until his death on 8 July 1822. After his death, Timothy Shelley, his father, refused to allow Mary Shelley to publish any of Shelley's poems, which kept any immediate corrected editions of the play from being printed. Although reluctant to help the Parisian publishers A. and W. Galignani with an edition of Shelley's works, she eventually sent an "Errata" in January 1829. The Galignanis relied on most of her punctuation changes, but only a few of her spelling changes. The next critical edition was not released until 1839, when Mary Shelley produced her own edition of Shelley's work for Edward Moxon. Included with the edition was Mary Shelley's notes on the production and history of "Prometheus Unbound". [Zillman pp. 11–12] Before his death, Shelley completed many corrections to a manuscript edition of his work, but many of these changes were not carried over into Mary Shelley's edition. [Zillman p. 12] William Rossetti, in his 1870 edition, questioned Mary Shelley's efforts: "Mrs. Shelley brought deep affection and unmeasured enthusiasm to the task of editing her husband's works. But ill health and the pain of reminiscence curtailed her editorial labours: besides which, to judge from the result, you would say that Mrs. shelley was not one of the persons to whome the gift of consistent accuracy has been imparted". [Rossetti 1870 p. xii] Later, Charles Locock, in his 1911 edition of Shelley's works, speculated: "May we suppose that Mrs. Shelley never made use of that particular list at all? that what she did use was a "preliminary" list, - the list which Shelley "hoped to despatch in a day or two" (November 10, 1820) - not the "formidable list"... which may in the course of nine years have been mislaid? Failing this hypothesis, we can only assume that Shelley's 'formidable list' was not nearly so formidable as it might have been". [Locock 1911 p. 596] Although Mary Shelley's editing of "Prometheus Unbound" has its detractors, her version of the text was relied on for many of the later editions. G. G. Foster, in 1845, published the first American edition of Shelley's poems, which relied on both Mary Shelley's edits and her notes. Foster was so attached to Mary Shelley's edition that, when Edgar Allan Poe suggested changing some of the text, Foster responded "But I have not felt at liberty to change the text sanctioned by Mrs. Shelley - whom I regard as the evangelist of her transifigured lord". [Zillman pp. 12–13] However, he, like Rossetti, tended to differ from Mary Shelley when it came to punctuation and capitalization. Rossetti went beyond Foster, and, prefaced his edition with: "I have considered it my clear duty and prerogative to set absolutely wrong grammar right... and to set absolutely wrong rhyming right... and to set absolutely wrong metre right..." but made sure to point out that his purpose was to respect Shelley's original poetic intent. [Rosetti pp. xv-xvi] Allegory or myth Earl Wasserman believed that Prometheus personified "One Mind" among humanity, and this "the drama is the history of the One Mind's evolution into perfection." [Wasserman 1965 pp. 30–31] Critical response Melvin Solve believed that "Prometheus Unbound" is so highly idealized and so remote from the conditions of life that the moral lesson is not essential to the enjoyment of the piece, and is, in fact, so well disguised that the critics have differed widely as to its interpretation". [Solve 1927 p. 28] * Abrams, M. H. "Natural Supernaturalism". New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 1973. * Bodkin, Maud. "Archetypal patterns in poetry". London: Oxford University Press, 1963. * Locock, Charles D. "The Poems of Percy Bysshe Shelley". London: Methuen and Company, 1911. * Rossetti, William Michael. "The Poetical Works of Percy Bysshe Shelley". London: E. Moxon, Son, & Company, 1870. * Shelley, Percy. "". London: C and J Ollier, 1820. * Shelley, Percy. "Complete works" Julian Edition. ed. Roger Ingpen and Walter Peck. London: Benn, 1930. * Solve, Melvin. "Theory of Poetry" 1927. * Wasserman, Earl. "Shelley's "Prometheus Unbound". Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1965 * Zillman, Lawrence. "Shelley's Prometheus Unbound". Seattle: University of Washington Press, 1959. External links * [ Prometheus Unbound] An in-depth analysis and summary of Shelley's play Wikimedia Foundation. 2010. Look at other dictionaries: • Prometheus Unbound — may refer to: * Prometheus Unbound (Aeschylus), play by Aeschylus * Prometheus Unbound (Shelley), play by Shelley * Prometheus Unbound (Stargate SG 1) , episode of the television show Stargate SG 1 * Prometheus Unbound was the 3rd episode of the… … Wikipedia • Prometheus Unbound (Aeschylus) — For other meanings, see Prometheus Unbound. Prometheus Unbound is a play by the Greek poet Aeschylus, concerned with the torments of the Greek mythological figure Prometheus and his suffering at the hands of Zeus. It inspired the play of the same … Wikipedia • Prometheus Unbound — a drama in verse (1820) by Shelley. * * * … Universalium • Prometheus Unbound — a drama in verse (1820) by Shelley … Useful english dictionary • Shelley — [ ʃeli], 1) Mary Wollstonecraft, englische Schriftstellerin, * London 30. 8. 1797, ✝ ebenda 1. 2. 1851, Tochter von William und Mary Godwin, ab 1816 Ȋ mit P. B. Shelley, dessen Werke sie nach seinem Tod herausgab. Sie selbst verfasste Romane … Universal-Lexikon • Prometheus — {{Prometheus}} Sohn des Titanen* Iapetos* und der Klymene, Bruder des Atlas, Menoitios und Epimetheus, Vater des Deukalion, Feind des Zeus* und Helfer der Menschen. Als diese in grauer Vorzeit zu Mekone auf der Peloponnes während einer… … Who's who in der antiken Mythologie • Shelley — Shelley, Percy Bysshe (spr. bisch schélli), engl. Dichter, geb. 4. Aug. 1792 zu Fieldplace in der Grafschaft Sussex, gest. 8. Juli 1822, war Sprößling einer altadligen, reichbegüterten Familie, verlebte seine Kindheit auf dem Landsitz seines… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon • SHELLEY (P. B.) — Shelley est le plus romantique des poètes anglais de la première moitié du XIXe siècle; il exerça longtemps une puissante fascination sur les lyriques de son pays, de Tennyson à Swinburne et à Yeats. Révolutionnaire dans sa jeunesse, accusé… … Encyclopédie Universelle • SHELLEY (M.) — SHELLEY MARY GODWIN épouse (1797 1851) De l’aveu même de Mary Shelley, fille unique de deux écrivains, William Godwin et Mary Wollstonecraft, sa vocation littéraire va de soi. On peut cependant admirer la précocité dont elle fait preuve dans la… … Encyclopédie Universelle • Shelley — (spr. schellĕ), Percy Bysshe, engl. Dichter, geb. 4. Aug. 1792 zu Fieldplace (Sussex), seit 1818 in Italien, Freund Byrons, 8. Juli 1822 im Meerbusen von Spezia ertrunken; ausgezeichnet seine Dichtungen: »Queen Mab«, »Alastor«, »The revolt of… … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon Share the article and excerpts Direct link Do a right-click on the link above and select “Copy Link”
Autonomous city Autonomous city is a type of autonomous administrative division. The 1994 amendment of the Argentine Constitution granted Buenos Aires city, previously in the Federal District of Argentina, the status of autonomous city, and changed its formal name to Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Another large city that is currently pressing for autonomy is Rosario, in Santa Fe Province. Rosario has nearly 1 million inhabitants (about 1.3 million counting its suburbs and nearby towns), and is usually disfavoured in the distribution of funds and resources, which disproportionately assigns more of its share to the much less populated provincial capital, Santa Fe. Some legislators have proposed that autonomy could be granted to Rosario by passing a law in the ordinary fashion, while others claim an amendment of the provincial constitution is needed. In Spain there are two autonomous cities called Ceuta and Melilla. Two enclaves located on the north coast of Morocco, separated from the Iberian peninsula by the Strait of Gibraltar.
Dablin Mpuuga & Ambrose Ogwang IMG 2186 The COVID-19 pandemic is one of the biggest global disruptions in recent decades. On the economic front, it resulted in changes in the different supply chains and transmission mechanisms, leading to disruptions in many sectors of the economy. Despite a few manufacturing subsectors benefiting from the pandemic through manufacturing sanitizers, facemasks, and other COVID-19 prevention and related products, the pandemic generally disrupted other sectors, such as education. For several countries, the COVID-19 containment measures included the closure of schools to reduce the high concentration of learners in a given area which would have exacerbated its spread. According to the United Nations Education Science and Cultural Organisation (UNESCO), the closure of schools due to COVID-19 has affected 1.29 billion students in 186 countries, which is 73.8% of the world’s student population. With the majority of students at home, many governments devised measures to ensure the continued learning and engagement of learners. IMG 2196 Uganda’s experience Uganda was not any different in its endeavor to ensure continuous learning. As part of its intervention to this effect, in June 2020 the government announced that it would distribute over 10 million radio sets to households countrywide to aid learning. The radio sets are supposed to complement other ongoing efforts such as the supply of study materials for different class levels by the Ministry of Education and Sports. At an estimated cost of Ugx. 38,000 per radio set, the government needs about Ugx. 380 billion to provide radio sets. This has been widely welcomed by rural parents, despite a few critics arguing that it may not be sustainable. With radios yet to be distributed, a new variant strain of COVID-19 has emerged in other countries and recent evidence indicates that it could be more rapidly transmissible than other circulating COVID strains. Notably, there is also an exponential rise in community infections and deaths (over 38,000 total cases and 300 deaths by 20th January 2021). Consequently, the government may consider further containment measures such as the delayed re-opening of schools or, at worse, another phase of national lockdown as in Rwanda, Canada, and the United Kingdom. Statistics from the Uganda High-Frequency Phone Survey (UHFPS) on COVID-19 show that there is a widening gap in participation of learning activities between rural and urban households. The share of rural households with at least one child participating in any education or learning activities stands at 54% according to UHFPS round two (July 2020), a decline from 56% from round one (June 2020) of the survey. On the other hand, the same data shows that urban households reported an increase in learning participation from 67% to 73% between rounds one and two (Figure 1). Implying that the learning participation gap widened from 11 percentage points to 19 percentage points. Figure 1: Households with students engaged in learning activities since schools closure (%) Dublin blog Source: Uganda High Frequency Phone Survey (UHFPS), 2020 Are radios the solution? Considering the different avenues through which students and pupils can continue learning while at home, for example, Television programmes, use of the internet (google meet, zoom classrooms, Microsoft teams, skype classes, among others), and radio programmes. Radios provide a comparatively better alternative in narrowing the rural-urban gap in learning activities participation because of their availability, portability, and access in areas without electricity. In addition, radios also provide learners with an opportunity to call in and participate or ask for clarifications during the learning sessions. Most students can easily operate radio sets compared to televisions and computers. In addition, to note is that a significant proportion of rural households do not have access to electricity, which leaves radios as the most appropriate for such households. However, if a learner needs to see what is being taught especially for practical modules, radios comparatively become less effective to other means such as television sets and computers. In response to the pandemic, countries such as Ghana, DR. Congo, Senegal, and Côte d’Ivoire, rekindled dormant radio programmes for high school students so that they can be engaged in learning while at home. Language programmes on radios help students to master vocabulary and pronunciation as they learn to imitate the radio presenters. If this learning resource is carefully selected and used, learning becomes more interesting, effective, and meaningful. Way forward • Coordination: To ensure that radios achieve the intended learning goals, there is a need for the involvement of all key stakeholders such as parents, schools, the private sector (telecommunication companies), and the different ministries, departments, and agencies (MDAs) like the Ministry of Education and Sports. In regard to the sustainability of the programme, parents need to partner with the government i.e. the government should supply radio sets to households but parents should endeavor to provide battery cells regularly as well as maintaining these radio sets in case they become faulty. • Create sustainable funding modalities of the intervention: In addition, funding the programme should be given priority by the government amidst other competing government needs such as investing in infrastructure development and investing in security. • Tighten the monitoring mechanisms in usage: Amidst the competing household needs such as students’ and pupils’ engagement in income-generating activities like agriculture, family businesses, and other household chores, there is a need to establish clear monitoring mechanisms involving parents, guardians, local council leaders and the community at large to ensure that effective learning takes place. • Sensitization: The community should also be sensitized about the available radio programmes and their time schedules in order to ensure effective monitoring of learning by the students and pupils. 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Ethnic traditions Malanka Feast – January 13 and 14 Malanka is a Russian, Ukrainian, Belarusian, folk holiday celebrated on 13 January, which is New Year’s Eve in accordance with the Julian calendar (see Old New Year). The story from which Malanka originates The eastern slav`s New Year obtained the name Malanka from a Christianized folk tale of pagan origin. The story is based on the creator god Praboh, and his four sons and one daughter. One of his sons was the Devil, the second son was St. George (Yar-Yarylo), the third St. John (Rai), and the fourth was Lad or Mir (Peace). The one daughter is an earth goddess named Lada, who had two children: a son called the Moon and a daughter “Spring-May”, later referred to as Mylanka because she was loving (мила). As mother Earth, she was responsible for the blooming of flowers and the greenery of spring. In a version of the myth of Hades and Persephone, Mylanka’s evil uncle (the Devil) desired her presence in the underworld and abducted her one-day when the Moon was hunting. While she was gone, the Earth was left without spring and once she was released from the vices of the Devil, flowers began to bloom and greenery spread around the world. Russians celebrate Malanka to symbolize the onset of spring. Ukrainian traditions On the morning of this day the second ritual kutia is prepared—the “generous” kutia. Unlike the “bahata” kutia on Sviat Vechir, it is made with non-Lenten ingredients. As is done on Sviat Vechir, the kutia is placed in the pokuttia (the corner of the house opposite the pich (stove), where the icons are hung). In addition, the women bake mlyntsi (pancakes), and make pyrihs and dumplings with cheese, to give as gifts to the carolers and “sowers”. Food is given a very important role: on Malanka, as it is believed that the more variety on the table that day, the more generous next year will be. The dishes should be very satisfying, but, for example, cooking fish is a bad sign, because happiness can “pour” out of the home. Pork dishes are definitely prepared, as this animal symbolizes abundance in the house. Traditionally, pork is prepared as kholodets (meat in aspic), blood and pork sausages, vershchaky (roasted pork marinated in beet kvas), salo (lardo), stuffed whole pig, and more. In the evenings and until midnight, the carolers stroll by the houses of the village. According to ancient tradition, New Year’s caroling by the “malankary”, like Christmas caroling, occurs after sunset, that is, when evil spirits rule. Teenaged girls, alone or in a group, run around to their neighbors to carol. They are rewarded with food and sweets. Young men also go about on Malanka. This is called “leading Mаlanka”. Young men in masks express good wishes, and amuse with funny songs, dances, and skits. One of them is usually dressed in women’s clothing and is called Melanka. According to custom, after finishing their ritual rounds, the next morning the young men went to a crossroads to burn the “Did or “Didukh”—a sheaf of grain that had stood in the pokuttia since Sviat Vechir (Christmas Eve)—and then jumped over a bonfire. This was meant to cleanse them after dealing with the evil spirits all night. The next day, when it began to grow light, the young men go to “sow grain”. The grain is carried in a glove or bag. First they visit their godparents and other relatives and loved ones, then their neighbors. Entering the house, the sower sows grain and greets everyone with the New Year: I sow, I sow, I sow, I greet you with the New Year! Good fortune, and good health in the New Year, May your fields bear better this year than last, Rye, wheat and any grains, Hemp piled to the ceiling in large rolls. Be healthy for the New Year and Basil’s Day! God grant us this! The first sower to visit on New Year’s day brings happiness to the house. According to popular belief, girls do not bring happiness, only boys do, and therefore it is not appropriate for girls to go “sowing”. Malanka celebrations in North America In North America, Ukrainian organizations have created events at banquet halls to help celebrate Malanka. These events are Ukrainian versions of a New year’s Eve ball. They typically occur a week after Christmas Eve (Old Calendar), but not necessarily falling on 13 or 14 January; they are usually held on an ensuing Friday or Saturday night. These “Malanky” gather the whole local Ukrainian community, and allow people to enjoy themselves while honoring their cultural background. People come to these events ready to socialize and celebrate the New Year with friends and family. The event provides a nice dinner, often with raffles and prizes to be won, and usually ends with a zabava (dance). At midnight, once everyone cheers for the New Year, individual and pair polka dancing is stopped and the kolomyika begins. When the kolomyjka is finished, everyone resumes to their previous dancing and continue to party the night away. Malanka is often the last opportunity for partying before the solemn period of Lent which precedes Easter. Source Krasnoilsk Malanka. The revival of the carnival Bukovyna is considered to be a region that preserved old customs of Christmas holidays celebration better than anywhere else in Ukraine. Local people call their original Malanka “pereberiya” (pereberiya comes from the Ukrainian word “pereberatys” meaning to change dress, to dress like somebody else), and these carnivals take place in the town of Vashkivtsi and in the villages Krasnoilsk, Horbove, Velykyi Kuchuriv, Boyan, Prypruttia, and Babyn. In Chernivtsi, the main city of Bukovyna, the folk ethnographic festival “Malanka Fest” has taken place since 2011. Every year on the 15th of January, dozens of folk bands come to Chernivtsi to compete in the creativity of their Christmas performances. The biggest and the most famous Malanka in Bukovyna takes place in the village of Krasnoilsk, on the border with Romania. On the 13th and 14th of January, thousands of people in creative costumes come to the streets of their village with performances, songs, and dances, celebrating the Old New Year (New Year’s Eve according to the Julian calendar, still in use by the Orthodox Church after the calendar change in 1918). The Malanka tradition was preserved here despite the Soviet authorities ban of this celebration, and today thousands of tourists, not just from Ukraine but from all over the world, come to experience this tradition. New Year according to the Julian calendar Malanka is observed on the 13th of January according to the Gregorian calendar that came into use starting in 1918. It replaces the Julian calendar, or as it is also called “the old style calendar”, in which Malanka was celebrated on the 31st of December and coincided with the New Year celebration. The old name of this holiday is Shchedryi Vechir (Bountiful evening), and it got its modern name (Malanka) due to overlapping with the Christian holiday of St. Melania, a nun who lived during the fifth century in the Roman Empire. The main characters of the celebration in Ukrainian tradition are Melania and Vasyl whose roles were carried out by a girl and a boy. Other characters include Koza (a goat), Zhyd (a Jew), and Likar (a doctor). On this day, people sing special songs called shchedrivky (songs that wish everyone to be bountiful in the new year), greeting the hosts of the house with the New Year and wishing them all the best for the future. Ninety-five percent of the Krasnoilsk population are ethnic Romanians. They speak mostly Ukrainian or Russian with visitors, while with each other they speak solely Romanian. In this village, the Malanka celebration traditions have more in common with central European customs rather than with Ukrainian ones. This is one of the reasons why Krasnoilsk Malanka is a unique phenomenon in Ukraine. Another reason is that it is the most important celebration for everyone in the village — everyone is looking forward to it and cherishes the traditions. On the 13th and the 14th of January, the village turns into one big festivity area where everyone is happy to welcome the New Year. Malanka Characters The Malanka procession is “men’s business”, only men are involved and the exception is made only for children and teenagers: girls perform roles of queens during the main part of the festival and also often dress into Gypsy ladies walking their young Bears to visit each home on the morning of the 13th of January. The classic Malanka characters are always the same: any vataha (team of Malanka participants) is headed by Komendant (superintendent), the main organizer of the performance, who gathers people, negotiates with household owners, and stores away the money collected during the festivities. Any Malanka team traditionally consists of Kings and Queens performed by children who are dressed in white costumes decorated with beads. There are also characters wearing masks: stout Did (Grandpa) and Baba (Grandma) in traditional outfits, Likar (Doctor), Zhyd (Gypsy, easily recognizable by a very tall top hat and a big parrot nose), a Gypsy woman with a baby in her arms that will demand alimony from men for “their” child. Sometimes one might see the Horsemen on real or fake horses. According to stories, a couple of decades ago a devil was part of the Malanka team, however, this character disappeared with time in order not to upset local priests. The brightest characters of the Malanka in Krasnoilsk are undoubtedly the Gypsy and the Bear. To perform as the Bear is a very honorable and tough, though self-imposed, role. It can be performed only by unmarried young men. The married men that used to dress into the Bear keep participating in Malanka but put on masks of the Grandpa, Grandma, or the Jew. There are seven “corners”, or village districts, in Krasnoilsk: Putna, Putna din Jhos, Trazhany, Sus, Dial, Huta, and Slatyna, and in each of them the characters of the Gypsy and the Bear have distinctive peculiarities. The Bear’s costume is made out of hay or straw harvested from the summer and stored especially for this occasion. There are two types of Bears: winged ones and haystack-like ones. The outfit with wing-like shoulders is non-removable and is made out of hay rolled in ropes. A person gets inside such a costume by lying down and wears it during the whole period of celebration. The haystack costume is made using a sheepskin coat and bunches of straw tied to it. Usually, it weighs less than the wings and can be taken off easily, plus can serve as a chair during breaks. In the district Trazhany, the Bears have the longest wings, and almost every year they get longer: a decade ago their average length was three meters, but today they reach up to six meters. The costume weighs about 50 kilograms. The Gypsies from this district also stand out: they wear red pants and bandanas, with large maces that can be lifted only with both hands. The “winged” Bears are also common for the districts of Diala and Sus, and it’s easy to distinguish them from other districts’ bears. The Bears from Sus are small, and their wings are heart-shaped with stitched ornaments on their chests: only 15 to 20 costumes like that are made. The Gypsies stand out here too: they wear black cut-off jackets with embroidery and fake karakul hats. The haystack-like Bears are numerous in Putnia, the second biggest district of Krasnoilsk. They are accompanied by the Gypsies in helmets with horns, smeared with soot and wrapped in animal skins. Apart from the traditional mace for this character, the Gypsies also use axes, sledgehammers, and swords to overmaster the Bears. Masks Craftsman Ivan Tarnovytskyi lives on a hill overlooking the main village street. He has been creating masks for Malanka for over 15 years. He says he fell in love with this craft after the first glance because he loves traditions. — I haven’t slept for almost a month. During the day I’m at work, and in the evening I work here. In old times the masks were glued together with flour, the craftsman says, but then they were eaten by mice. That’s why they started to be made with white glue. It takes one liter of glue to make one mask. Ivan is not interested in turning mask making into a business. Once in a while, he sells a mask to an interested passerby for about 150 UAH. Since a liter of glue is about 60 UAH, plus he needs paint, varnish, and some fabric for hats, it turns out he sells the masks for about at cost. However, the main clients of Ivan’s masks are the participants of his small Malanka team. On the evening of January 13th, they will show up to celebrate Malanka with their own special performance. Malanka is over for Ivan usually around the 15th of January when he goes to Chernivtsi for Malanka Fest, a festival dedicated to Malanka and attended by teams from all over Bukovyna. Sometimes teams from Romania are also invited. For instance, last year they demonstrated their traditions in the town of Suchava, performing under the flags of Ukraine, Romania, and the European Union. — Ukraine is our country. I was born in Ukraine. I am Romanian. We all are Romanians here. But we respect our traditions, and our nation, and our country. We do not oppose either Ukraine or Romania The New Year’s Night On the 13th of January, little children dressed as Gypsies and Bears, on their own or with their parents, walk from home to home performing their short acts. In the afternoon, the first costumed people on horses, dressed in furs and traditional costumes, show up on the roads. But it’s only a prelude — the teams are getting together at six o’clock in the evening in different corners of the village Krasnoilsk. The Bears in straw pants have a shot of horilka (Ukrainian strong alcoholic drink), excitedly talking with each other. The plan for the next 24 hours is planned to the last minute. During the whole night the Malanka teams, counting up to a couple of hundred participants, will walk from house to house in their district, greeting and entertaining everyone. In pre-planned houses, they will stop for a while to take a rest and have a substantial meal so that fatigue doesn’t strike them down later on. During such feasts, the Malanka participants consume quite a lot of alcohol, but those who get too drunk and lose control are sent home at once. “Malanka walks from house to house to chase evil spirits out. They sing carols so that the New Year starts joyfully,” local people explain, giving the meaning of the performances. Malanka is loved in Krasnoilsk, and its participants are welcomed to all homes. Teams will not visit a house only if somebody died in the family. In this case, any festivity is inappropriate. Even so, the household inhabitants might come outside to the road and meet the carnival there. The performance layout is like this: at first, the Komendant greets the hosts and asks their permission to enter their yard. The first to perform are the Grandpa and Grandma, wishing all the best to the hosts. Usually, there are more Grandpas since Krasnoilsk Malanka is a male festival. Next, the Kings and Queens sing and round dance to the sounds of a trumpet. Next to perform are the Jews, Doctors, and Gypsy women with “babies,” while other supportive characters are rummaging around and doing small naughtiness. The music speeds up, and the dancing gets more expressive until it hits the climax. The Gypsies hit the ground with their grotesque maces, and the Bears start dancing and attacking each other, growling. The fight lasts until the Gypsies calm them down with knives and axes. Then the host of the house gives treats to the team and some money. The Komendant pronounces the amount, and the Malanka team moves on. The whole performance is accompanied by songs and uretura (a text with wishes pronounced in a solemn way). This is a widespread scenario of the New Year’s performance but there are other variations. For instance, the masks craftsman Ivan and his team perform a masquerade. All team members wear different masks of village people and act out arable traditions. — We will act out how people used to scythe and collect hay. You will see. Every year we act out something different. That’s our tradition to show something old, authentic, and not berkut (a police unit) and doctors. Besides, there is a very old tradition preserved in Krasnoilsk: making the first furrow, or as it’s called in Romanian “plugorash”. The Malanka participants act out making a small furrow in the yard of the household with a plough, imitating the first sowing of the New Year. Malanka teams walk the village till the early morning. Then they take a break for a couple of hours to nap before the part of the celebration that involves the whole village and is the most popular with tourists. Malanka teams parade In the morning of the 14th of January, Krasnoilsk resembles a battlefield. At least, that’s the first thought that might come to your mind when you see the border checkpoints at the entrances to the village. “Last night there were battle actions here,” say the “border patrol officers”. As a reminder: Krasnoilsk is located eight kilometers away from the border with Romania, and until recently there was a real border checkpoint and a fight against smuggling. Men in masks with fake machine guns stop all types of transport, even carts, searching for “kontrabas” (contraband). They boast with their “catch”, showing a briefcase full of plastic bags with some white powder. The “border officer” with a knife stops a bus with tourists and gets inside to “search” it, which ends up with everyone donating 10 to 20 UAH to get a permit to enter the village. The Malanka participants joke that they collect this money for the village administration. A “bribe” to get into the village is voluntary. When a local woman approaches and tries to get past the checkpoint, they demand five UAH from her, and when she refuses to pay they send her back. All the people that paid get a “ticket” that lets them go through this checkpoint. The line between real and fictional gets erased, and you can’t always differentiate the cars with real police and doctors from costumed ones. In the center of the village, since the early morning a diverse team of characters was being bossy with everyone:the Police and Security Service Officers were detaining passers-by, making them carry heavy boxes and putting them in prison cells until they paid a ransom. The Doctors, wearing Arnold Schwarzenegger masks, tried to drag young people into their fake ambulances with the same aim of getting compensation for their “treatment”. Two Beasts sit a tourist with a camera on a chair and put shaving cream on him, creating a “barbershop” outdoors. The “gangs” of Werewolves and Zombies were roaming back and forth, with one of them wearing a mask of Yeltsyn (the first Russian president) and carrying a briefcase. At 1 p.m., the Parade of Malanka starts, the event attracting thousands of tourists each year. One by one Malanka teams from all corners of the village enter the main street and give their New Year performance to everyone. The finale of the carnival takes place on the central square, where Malanka teams from every corner come in turns to compete whose performance is more impressive. Dancing, singing, and round dances with fireworks take place. It’s frosty outside but the Malanka participants are so heated by their performances that many of them remove parts of their costumes. Finally, all the districts have shown their Malanka performances — all the Bears have finished their dances and are lying down on the snow, exhausted. People are slowly leaving, and many of them are heading toward the local grocery store to continue the celebration in an informal circle. The square becomes empty, and it’s hard to believe that just an hour ago the music and singing were whirling here and that you could hardly hear your own voice in this carnival craziness. Why a carnival? Local people get offended when somebody calls Krasnoilsk Malanka a carnival. It’s easy to understand: most people associate a carnival with half-naked samba dancers in Brazil, however, a carnival is a very old and very important phenomenon in folk culture. The term “carnival” dates back to the ancient Roman festival called Saturnalia, which was dedicated to the end of the agricultural season. During that time, people stopped working and went to the streets to celebrate the end of the year and the beginning of a new one. The peak of carnival popularity was in the Middle Ages and very commonly took place before Great Lent. The remains of this event can be observed during Masnytsia period, which is the last week before Great Lent when people cook and serve lots of thin pancakes. Carnivals anywhere in the world took place according to a special scenario based on old traditions that would turn it into a public event where anyone could become a participant of a performance demonstrated on the city streets. During the carnival period, boundaries were non-existent, and everyone was equal. Another important feature of a classic carnival is a humorous performance that is based mostly on parodying realities of the past or present life by using the creative masks and grotesque characters that can be recognized by abnormally large body parts, like eyes, bellies, mouths, and so on. A carnival does not know death. Its highest meaning is to reinstate the continuity and cyclical nature of life. That is why this event is connected to the beginning or the end of the agricultural season and takes place between these two cycles of life. Today, carnivals in Europe still exist and develop partially due to tourists’ attention and affection toward entertainment of this type. The closest analogs of Krasnoilsk Malanka can be found in Central Europe — Busójárás in Hungary, Kukeri in Bulgaria, Fasching in Germany, Kurentovanje in Slovenia, Zvončari in Croatia, to name a few. All these festivities have a common main character: the Bear or another similar big, hairy creature that is always performed by an unmarried man. This animal has always been considered to be the king of nature in folk representations of nature, as well as a symbol of fertility, health, and strength. The beginning of spring in Slavic nations was connected with the bear’s awakening from winter hibernation. The Gypsy was an embodiment of humane power that is able to conquer the power of nature directing it in the necessary direction. That is why during a mock battle between the Bear and the Gypsy during Krasnoilsk Malanka the Gypsy always wins. Preserving the tradition “Nobody knows when Malanka had started.” That’s the answer from local people if you ask them when Krasnoilsk Malanka celebrations started. The latest possible time of this tradition’s origin can be easily established since Krasnoilsk was founded in 1431. If you take a look at characters of Malanka, they likely depict the realities of the Romanian lifestyle dating back to the 17th to19th centuries. Noble people, Jewish-shop owners, peasants, and Gypsies are representatives of social groups that lived in royal Romania. The carnival costume weighs from 50 to 100 kg Back in those times there were also Bears and Gypsies — they even had the special name “ursari” (“ursa” stands for bear in Latin and “urs” denotes a bear in Romanian). Ursari were a nomadic occupational group of Romani people who were involved in bear training. They resided in the Danube principalities of Moldavia and Wallachia. After slavery abolishment for Romani people in the second part of the 19th century, they started actively giving bear performances all over Europe. It is a fact that in the 19th century Krasnoilsk Malanka somewhat differed. The Bears were not so big and grotesque, and they wore cardboard bear masks instead of karakul hats. The Gypsies did not carry huge maces and did not have so many different characters as today. The toughest times for Krasnoilsk Malanka started when Western Ukraine became part of the Soviet Union. The event was officially banned, and police went after Malanka participants: they faced arrest for up to 15 days, or, at best, they had to sign a compulsory document stating they would not participate in Malanka ever. Of course, nobody kept the “promise”. Ivan Tarnovytskyi recalls those times: — In the Soviet Union police and even border control officers were catching the Bears and burnt down their costumes. They did not let them go to the central street — these were like war actions. But people still went out and performed. Nobody could keep them back. In order to get an official day off at work on the day of Malanka, men would sign up to donate blood. All the Bear costumes were made unremovable, and the men would be on a bean diet so that they didn’t need to use the toilet too often. In addition, they would carry knives during the celebration so that they could quickly cut open their costumes and flee the police. Removable haystack-like costumes appeared much later and got popular only in a couple corners of Krasnoilsk. The Police, Border Control Officers, Zombies, and Doctors wearing modern masks are characters that are treated by classic Malanka admirers with irony. However, the appearance of new grotesque characters depicting modern life demonstrates that the Krasnoilsk carnival is developing and attaining new forms. Even the classic characters of Malanka confirm it is becoming more grotesque from year to year: the Bears’ wings get longer, the Gypsies’ maces get heavier, and their characters acquire more modern features. eEverything that is alive tends to change. Krasnoilsk Malanka is not an ethnic celebration for Ukraine. It is a Romanian, Central European tradition that is observed in Ukraine. This event can serve as an example of preservation and development of our own traditions. It forms a unique face and image of every nation and can attract thousands of tourists interested in new and unforgettable impressions. Source Donate: It is the generosity of our supporters and members that makes our vital work possible. As the storm clouds of crisis and the pain of injustice and persecution loom over our people, the potential and importance of our work grows day-by-day. There is no George Soros figure out there for nationalists, so we can only do what good people like you help us to do. Thank you for your faith and your generous commitment: contact Michael Walsh Think your friends would be interested? Share this story! The revenge of a predator is a city-vigilante epic better than Death Wish A LEOPARD IN LIVERPOOL , 55 lavishly illustrated first-hand stories by a Liverpool sailor THE LEAVING OF LIVERPOOL, Latest Killer-Thriller From Michael Walsh the City Vigilante Supremo The Stigma Enigma , A powerful thought-provoking paranormal romance The Soul Meets, How to form a naughty ménage a trois THE DOVETAILS and SEX FEST AT TIFFANY’S. Latest Michael Walsh bestsellers: Those who fall victim to the taxman, banks and moneylenders are victims of legalised mugging DEBTOR’S REVENGE, The Business Booster shows you how to double your profits not your workload THE BUSINESS BOOSTER MICHAEL WALSH is a journalist, author, and broadcaster. His 64 books include best-selling RHODESIA’S DEATH EUROPE’S FUNERAL, AFRICA’S KILLING FIELDS, THE LAST GLADIATORS, A Leopard in Liverpool, RISE OF THE SUN WHEELEUROPE ARISE, FOR THOSE WHO CANNOT SPEAK, THE ALL LIES INVASIONINSPIRE A NATION Volume IINSPIRE A NATION Volume II, and many other book titles. These illustrated best-selling books are essential for the libraries of informed readers. The author’s books available for purchase by visiting his website BOOKSTORE, and POETRY links. We are in debt to our donors who finance the distribution of spin-free real news and fearlessly expressed views. BOOKS THAT CHALLENGE, INSPIRE, INFORM Michael Walsh, ‘Writer of the Year’ with a strong global following. Nearly 65 interesting Amazon book titles famed for changing and improving lives. CLICK TO VIEW New stories every day! Leave a Reply You are commenting using your account. Log Out / Change ) Google photo Twitter picture Facebook photo Connecting to %s
A ceramic term, it refers to clay, which has great plasticity and can be added to drier clay to make it more workable. Ball Clay and Bentonite are fat clays. Source: Ralph Meyer, "A Dictionary of Art Terms and Techniques"<br><br>A term used to describe paints which have a high oil content.<br><br>Describes an oil paint having a high proportion of oil.Also see fat over lean and lean.
Taking vitamin D while you are still in your prime may be good for the body in the long run. Studies conducted by the University of Zurich have confirmed that to maintain bone health, you will need sufficient amounts of vitamin D. vitamin d deficient Most people believe that maintaining healthy eating habits will be enough to supply your body with vitamin D, but only few foods naturally contain significant levels of vitamin D. According to Dr. Heike A. Bischoff-Ferrari, a faculty of UZH, in order to get adequate levels of vitamin D through diet alone, two servings of fatty fish like salmon or mackerel would have to be consumed every day. Sun exposure and supplementation is necessary to increase vitamin D levels in the body in order to use the sunshine vitamin’s full potential for maintaining proper body functioning. This misconception about maintaining D levels through diet does have a degree of ground since vitamin D is not a standalone vitamin. To perform many of its functions, the vitamin works together with other vitamins like magnesium, which can be found in leafy green vegetables such as kale or spinach. It is this unique characteristic of vitamin D that has contributed to the management of many chronic illnesses known to men. The many faces of vitamin D In the past, health care professionals thought vitamin D was only good for keeping your bones and teeth healthy. Recent advances in science, however, have put this vitamin in the spotlight by revealing its multifaceted role in the proper functioning of the human body and its ability to lower the risk of illnesses not formerly associated with it. Despite the many revelations of the vitamin, it appears that not everyone appreciates its health benefits. The current lifestyle of working indoors has contributed to the growing number of vitamin D deficiency cases worldwide. This is compounded by the fact that not everyone is aware that he or she may be vitamin D deficient. Are You vitamin D deficient? The best way to find out if you are vitamin D deficient is to take a blood test that will measure the level of the vitamin in your blood. You can either ask your doctor to administer the test or buy a home test kit do the test yourself. However, you may be vitamin D deficient if you have any of the following ailments listed below, and you need to consult with your doctor regarding your preventive, as well as curative options. Although vitamin D deficiency can be daunting with the chronic disease associated with it, have no fear. A proactive approach to prevention can assist. For one, thousands of dollars can be saved, not to mention the peace of mind, simply at the cost of taking a walk under the sun. Save the umbrellas for the rainy days. There are many drinks such as orange juice, milk that are fortified with the vitamin. Fatty fish such as salmon, trout, or tuna can also be a good source of the vitamin. High Triglycerides and How to Keep it Under Control Triglyceride Levels Having high triglycerides can be very detrimental to your heart like any other heart… Curry Sweet Potatoes with Tofu Curry Sweet Potatoes with Tofu Packed with vitamins and fiber, super sweet potatoes make a vibrant base for this easy,… Facts About Breast Cancer Diagnoses diagnosis breast cancer Everything You Need To Know About Acne Everything You Need To Know About Acne Almost everyone experience an occasional flare-up of acne—usually just a few blackheads…
Read the following information. Мы поможем в написании ваших работ! Мы поможем в написании ваших работ! Мы поможем в написании ваших работ! Read the following information. Farming Regions of the United States Different parts of the United States are better for raising different crops or products. For example, most fresh fruits and vegetables are grown in temperate climates (climates that lack extremes in temperature). States that produce lots of fruits and vegetables are California, Florida, and Texas, not only because of their climates but also because they have longer growing seasons. The Great Plains (grasslands) grow large amounts of wheat, barley, corn, and other grains. In some of the drier desert areas of the West, where crops cannot be easily grown, ranchers graze cattle and other livestock. Crops like potatoes grow best in cooler climates, so they are grown in mountainous areas where it stays cooler longer in the spring. For management purposes, the U.S. Department of Agriculture divides the United States into 10 major farm production regions. These regions differ from each other in terms of soil, slope of the land, climate, distance to market, and storage facilities. The Northeast and the states near the Great Lakes are where most of the country’s milk is produced. The climate and soil is good for growing grains that cattle need. The Appalachia region is a major tobaccoproducing area. It is also well known for cattle and hog production, dairy farming, and peanuts. The Southeast region is used for raising beef and farming fruit, vegetables, peanuts, citrus fruit, winter vegetables, sugarcane, and cotton. The Delta region grows soybeans, cotton, rice, corn, and sugarcane. It is also an important area for livestock production. The Corn Belt has an abundance of rich soil and a good climate for farming. This region produces corn, wheat, soybeans, dairy products, cattle, hogs, and feed grains. The Northern and Southern Plains produce the majority of the nation’s winter and spring wheat. They also harvest other grains, hay, and cotton and are involved in dairy farming (milk production). The Mountain region is largely used for grazing cattle and sheep. Wheat is also grown there, though, as well as hay, sugar beets, fruits, potatoes, and other vegetables in the irrigated valleys. The Pacific region specializes in wheat, potatoes, fruit, cotton, cattle, and dairy farming. Hawaii is well known for growing pineapples and sugarcane. Alaska has many greenhouse/nursery farms and also produces dairy products. 9. a) Complete the table using information from the text “Farming Regions of the United States”. Farm production region Agricultural produce 1) Northeast and the states near Great Lakes milk, grains 2) Appalachia 3) Southeast 4) Delta 5) Corn Belt 6) Northern and Southern Plains 7) Mountain 8) Pacific 9) Hawaii 10) Alaska b) Now complete the sentences using information from the table. 1) Milk is produced in . . . . . . 2) Sugarcane is grown in . . . . . . 3) Cotton is the principal crop in . . . . . . 4) . . . . . . are used for farming hogs. 5) . . . . . . is a major tabaccoproducing area. 6) Wheat is grown in . . . . . . 7) . . . . . . produce peanuts. Describe the agriculture of the USA. Conditional Sentences Complete the Conditional Sentences Type I. 1) If I see him, I _____ (give) him that book. 2) The police _____ (arrest) the criminal if they catch him. 3) If he _____ (read) in bad light, he will ruin his eyes. 4) The teacher will be very angry if he _____ (make) any more mistakes. 5) If I lend you $10 when you _____ (pay) me back? 6) Ice _____ (turn) to water if you heat it. 7) If he _____ (want) more money, he _____ (have) to do more work. 8) If you _____ (like) a job in this company, I'll get you one. 9) If he _____ (leave) university now, he _____ (be) sorry afterwards. 10) If the house _____ (burn down), we can claim compensation. Match the sentence beginnings and endings. 1) How will she get there 2) If the local shop's closed, 3) Will your sister take the job 4) We’ll go for a walk, 5) They will steal your car a) if they offer it to her? b) if she can't get a flight? c) if it doesn’t begin to rain.. d) if you leave it unlocked. e) we'll go to the supermarket. Write the verbs in brackets into the gaps in Conditional II. 1) He _____ (look) a lot better if he did more exercise. 2) If he worked more carefully he _____ (not/make) so many mistakes. 3) More tourists would come to this seaside if it _____ (have) a better climate. 4) If he _____ (clean) his windscreen, he'd be able to see where he was going. 5) If I _____ (win) a big prize in a lottery, I'd give up my job. 6) If I _____ (have) a university degree, I now _____ (sit) in a comfortable office instead of standing at a street corner selling newspapers. 7) If I _____ (get) a promotion I _____ (not/look for) another job. 8) If we had more rain, our crops _____ (grow) faster. 9) If I _____ (get) a work permit, I'd stay for another six months. 10) I could get a job easily if I _____ (have) a degree. Match the questions and answers. 1) What would Chris do if he won the lottery? 2) What would you do if you lost your job? 3) What would you do if the bus didn't come? 4) What would you do if your video broke? 5) What would you do if it rained? a) I'd find another one. b) I'd get a taxi. c) I'd take it back to the shop. d) He'd give up work. e) I'd borrow an umbrella. Change the sentences according to the model. Model: He runs round the park every morning, so he keeps very fit. - If I ranround the park every morning Iwould keepfit too. 1) He lives in the South, so he can grow a lot of flowers. 2) She is a journalist, so she travels a lot. 3) He lives near his work, so he is never late. 4) He goes to bed early, so he always wakes up in time. 5) His French is good, so he reads French books in the original. Use the verbs in brackets in Conditional III. 1) If I had known that you were in hospital, I _____ (visit) you. 2) You would have seen my garden at its best if you _____ (be) here last week. 3) I _____ (offer) to help him if I had realized that he was ill. 4) If you had told me that he never paid his debts, I _____ (not/lend) him the money. 5) If you _____ (look) at the engine for a moment, you would have seen what was wrong. 6) If he had known that the river was dangerous, he _____ (not/try) to swim across it. 7) If he _____ (work) hard at his French, he _____ (not/fail) at the exam. 8) He would have been arrested if he _____ (try) to leave the country. 9) I _____ (be) very upset if I _____ (not/pass) my last exam. 10) If I had known my friend was in trouble, I _____ (do) my best to help him. Decide which type conditional each sentence is. Translate the sentences into Ukrainian. 1) If I were you, I would read the book in the original. 2) They will go to the beach, if it is warmer. 3) Someone might have noticed, if she had opened the letter. 4) If she lived near the university, she would never be late. 5) If you go to bed early, you’ll wake up in time. 6) I would have helped you, if I had known about it. 7) If I didn’t have an examination tomorrow, I might go with you. 8) If they had had a good guide, they would have seen all the sights. 9) I wouldn’t do it, if I were you. 10) Her English would improve, if they spoke English to her. 11) If Tom had helped us, the job would have taken half an hour. 12) If you really wanted to buy the house, you could do it even now. 13) We’ll go swimming, if the water is not very cold. 14) If I had known that you were coming, I’d have baked a cake. 15) If he writes to her, she will answer at once. Write each sentence three times forming Conditionals I, II, III. 1) If I (see) John, I (tell) him your news. 2) He (be) very pleased if it (be) really true. 3) He (lose) weight if he (stop) eating too much. 4) We (visit) the museum, if we (have) time. 5) If you (ask) a policeman, he (tell) you the way. Use the verbs in brackets in Mixed Type Conditional. 1) He would still be alive today if he (not take) that drug. 2) I overslept; that's why I'm half an hour late; and if my phone (not ring) at nine o'clock, I might still be in bed. 3) If only they (turn) back with the others, they would be alive today. 4) If the pain (return), you'd better take another рill. 5) She didn’t come to the meeting yesterday and now she has big problems. If she (come) she wouldn’t be in trouble now. Form meaningful sentences. Match the if-clauses with the main clauses. 1) He wouldn't have become so strong ... 2) They would have come ... 3) If they had been ready the day before ... 4) If I hadn't needed the book ... 5) If they had had a city map ... 6) If you had warned us ... 7) He wouldn't know much ... 8) We wouldn't have wasted so much time ... 9) If you had sent me a telegram ... 10) We had never done this ... a) ... I wouldn't be worried now. b) ... I wouldn't have gone to the library. c) ... we wouldn't have come so early. d) ... unless he had done sports. e) ... they wouldn't have been lost. f) ... if Jane had invited them. g) ... unless you had agreed with us. h) ... unless he read much. i) ... they would have taken their exam. j) ... if you had bought everything beforehand.
Hawaiʻi’s History of Civic Engagement Participation in the political process can feel futile. Outnumbered in our kulāiwi with too many lawmakers seemingly impervious to the issues that matter to our lāhui, some ʻōiwi have simply opted out of voting. Others, not unreasonably, question the legitimacy of the current political system and have taken a political stance against participation. While these perspectives are valid, failing to participate in the political process, including voting, wastes a valuble tool in the toolkit that each one of us has as a citizen, however marginalized we may feel. Civic engagement in the political life of the Kingdom was the norm for our kūpuna, from aliʻi to makaʻāinana. And so it must be for us today. Photo: National Guardsmen Watching the Battle of Kamoiliili National Guardsmen Watching the Battle of Kamoiliili from the tower of the Executive Building. – Photos: Courtesy An example is noted activist and renaissance man, Joseph Nāwahī, who was born in 1842. He was a lawyer, artist, orator, political organizer and newspaper publisher. At the age of 30 Nāwahī was elected to the Kingdom Legislature representing Hilo. Nāwahī served nine consecutive terms in this position until the 1893 overthrow. At that point, he and his wife, Emma ʻAʻima Nāwahī, a political activist in her own right, founded the Hui Aloha ʻāina political party (with both kāne and wāhine leagues) to oppose annexation to America and support Liliʻuokalani. In December 1894 Joseph Nāwahī was arrested for treason by agents of the oligarchical “Republic of Hawaiʻi” established on July 4, 1894 to replace the short-lived “Provisional Government” formed after the overthrow. Nāwahī was released from prison in the spring of 1895. Upon his release, he and Emma founded Ke Aloha Aina, an anti-annexationist newspaper which ran weekly through 1920. However, three months in Oʻahu Prison had exposed Nāwahī to tuberculosis, and his health deteriorated. He passed in September 1896 at the age of 54. Emma Nāwahī continued to be actively engaged in politics. In 1897 she, along with fellow members of Hui Aloha ʻāina, collected 21,269 signatures from citizens opposed to annexation (the Kūʻē Petitions). After Hawaiʻi was annexed by America in 1898, Nāwahī helped to organize the Hawaiʻi Democratic Party and during the 1910s she was active in the women’s suffrage movement. A contemporary of Joseph Nāwahī was Robert Wilcox, who also served in the Kingdom Legislature. Two years after members of the “Reform Party” forced Kalākaua to sign a new constitution in 1887 which limited the power of the monarchy and restricted voting to those with income and property (dubbed the “Bayonet Constitution” because it was signed at gunpoint), Wilcox led an armed insurrection to restore the powers of the monarchy. However, after a brief battle, Wilcox surrendered. Then in 1895, Wilcox led a counter-revolution against the Republic of Hawaiʻi to restore Liliʻuokalani to power. The royalists were overwhelmed and the leaders arrested, including Wilcox, who was tried for treason and sentenced to death. His sentence was later reduced to 35 years in prison, then in 1898 Wilcox was pardoned. Undaunted, he became the Republic’s first elected delegate to the U.S. Congress, serving one term until he was beaten by Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole in the 1902 election. Wilcox passed away in 1903 after suffering a stroke at the age of 48. Prince Kūhiō and his older brother, Prince David Kawānanakoa, were both involved in the 1895 revolution attempt, and, like Wilcox, were found guilty of treason, sentenced to death, but later pardoned. Following his release from prison, Kūhiō became active in politics. After winning the 1902 election, he served as Hawaiʻi’s representative to Congress until his passing in 1922. Despite the subversion of Hawaiʻi’s constitutional monarchy, Kūhiō continued to fight within the new, imposed system for the betterment of the lāhui. Kūhiō’s impact on the civic and political life of Hawaiʻi lives on. In addition to orchestrating the Hawaiian Homes Commission Act of 1921, he created the county government system still in place today. He also founded the first Hawaiian Civic Club in 1918, because, according to the Association of Hawaiian Civic Clubs’ website, Kūhiō was “anxious that his people know more about government and the community at large to carry on the tradition of civic responsibility that he felt was vital to the development of Hawaiʻi and its people for a better way of life.” If we are unhappy with what is happening in our pae ʻāina, then it is our kuleana to try and make changes for this and future generations, as did our kūpuna. Civic engagement is our cultural and political heritage, and one of the easiest and most effective ways to influence change is by voting for the leaders who share our concerns and will best represent our interests.
Urban hinterlands—the case of an Israeli town ecological footprint Modern urban life is characterized by the consumption of materials and energy, which are imported from all over the world and discharge waste that in many cases has a negative impact on ecosystems far from the cities in which they consumed. Indeed, cities cannot survive without worldwide hinterlands for resources and emissions sequestration. The ecological footprint (EF) concept provides valuable insights into the human appropriation of resources relative to earth’s carrying capacity, and therefore it enables us to compare human demands with nature’s supply and provides an indicator of human ecological sustainability. An attempt was made to calculate the EF of Ra’anana, Israel as a case study, to compare the EF-value with the expected for ecological sustainability and to emphasize the dependence on overseas ecosystems. Ra’anana, a town of 67,300 inhabitants in the year 2002, is considered a ‘dormitory town’ with a high quality of life. The EF was calculated using mainly the component method. The calculated EF for Ra’anana is 4.0 ha/resident which means that the required hinterland, located all over the world, is nearly 180 times the size of the town. The town’s EF is twice the value expected for sustainability on a global scale. We draw several scenarios in order to reduce the EF. On a national basis as well as with the town case study, electric energy, food and waste can be reduced and in turn would have a dramatic impact on the EF.
Redundant Array of Independent Disks, or RAID, is a method of saving content on multiple hard disk drives simultaneously. A RAID might be software or hardware depending on the HDDs that are used - physical or logical ones, but what is common between them is the fact that they all perform as a single unit where info is kept. The key advantage of employing a RAID is redundancy because the info on all of the drives will be identical all of the time, so even in case one of the drives fails for whatever reason, the data will still be available on the remaining drives. The overall performance is enhanced as well since the reading and writing processes can be split between different drives, so a single one will not be overloaded. There're different kinds of RAIDs where the effectiveness and fault tolerance may differ based on the particular setup - whether info is written on all of the drives real-time or it's written on one drive and after that mirrored on another, what amount of drives are used for the RAID, and many others. RAID in Cloud Web Hosting The SSD drives which our cutting-edge cloud web hosting platform employs for storage operate in RAID-Z. This type of RAID is intended to work with the ZFS file system that runs on the platform and it uses the so-called parity disk - a specific drive where info stored on the other drives is cloned with an extra bit added to it. In case one of the disks fails, your sites will continue working from the other ones and as soon as we replace the bad one, the data that will be copied on it will be rebuilt from what is stored on the other drives as well as the info from the parity disk. This is done so as to be able to recalculate the elements of each and every file correctly and to authenticate the integrity of the info duplicated on the new drive. This is another level of security for the content you upload to your cloud web hosting account along with the ZFS file system that compares a unique digital fingerprint for each and every file on all the drives in real time. RAID in Semi-dedicated Servers The SSD drives which are used for keeping any website content uploaded to the semi-dedicated server accounts that we provide function in RAID-Z. This is a special setup where one or more hard drives are used for parity i.e. the system will include an extra bit to any data copied on this type of a disk drive. In case that a disk fails and is replaced with a new one, what information will be cloned on the latter will be a combination calculated between the data on the other drives and that on the parity one. This is done to make sure that the information on the new drive will be accurate. Throughout the procedure, the RAID will continue operating adequately and the problematic drive won't impact the adequate operation of your sites in any way. Using SSDs in RAID-Z is a superb addition to the ZFS file system that runs on our cutting-edge cloud platform in terms of preserving the integrity of your files as ZFS uses specific digital identifiers called checksums to prevent silent data corruption.
Bio- Final exam notes.docx 29 views21 pages 18 Jun 2013 Lecture 18- Cancer Four most common types of cancer in Canada -Breast cancer -Prostate cancer -Lung cancer -Colon cancer -40% of women, 45% of men can expect to contract some kind of cancer in their lives -Just less than 25% of women can expect to die from cancer, more than 25% of men can expect to die from cancer Likely factors contributing to cancer incidence in Canada -older you are, the more likely you are at developing cancer -Second most likely non-accidental cause of death (heart disease is the first) -Risk factors: exposure to dietary risk factors, exposure to environment -Lung and colon cancer suggest environmental risk factors -Breast and prostate cancer suggest internal risk factors -Balance of and interactions or internal and external factors that contribute to cancer Role of cyclin/CDK complexes in cell cycle regulation -Embryogenesis is rapidly diving cells -Cells may actively cycle, sit in G0 or undergo apoptosis -In the cell cycle there is a G1/s checkpoint that prevents cells from replicating their DNA if it is -This is monitored by CDK (Cyclin Dependent Kinase) -CDK is a protein -It works by phosphorylating but only when it is bound to cyclin -CDK/Cyclin phosphorylates it target proteins together to release the G1/s checkpoint and cells proceed into S phase -This is an example of post-translational regulation -Constitutive expression- a gene that is transcribed continually compared to a facultative gene, which is only transcribed as needed -Production of cyclin is cyclic -Another CDK/cyclin complex regulates movement from S phase into M phase Uncontrolled Growth (1st reason): Role of proto-oncogenes and oncomirs in caner -Proto-Oncogenes are essential for normal growth and development -EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor) -It is a typical transmembrane protein -Active site outside the cell that binds protein hormone EGF -EGF stimulates the cell to divide -EGFR signals on the outside of the cell phosphorylation cascade signals presence of EGF on the outside of the cell causes the expression or no expression of certain genes in the nucleus -Any step along the pathway could be expressed inappropriately, causing it to become cancerous -When deregulated proto-oncogenes become cancerous and people call them oncogenes -Mutation is EGFR, causing it to signal even when EGF is not present, will lead to the cell dividing all the time up-regulation -How might proto-oncogenes be „activated‟? Translocation issues, mutation in promoter (causes the promoter to be more attractive to polymerase, resulting in more expression), regulation problem with enhancers or repressors (enhancers become more effective than usual) Uncontrolled Growth (2nd reason): Tumor suppressor genes and role of p53 gene -Suppressor gene work against proto-oncogenes to ensure that cell division occurs at a regular pace (genes that evolved to shut down rapid cell division) Unlock document This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document. Unlock all 21 pages and 3 million more documents. Already have an account? Log in -TP53 is a master tumor suppressor gene; it codes a transcription factor that binds to the promoters of many target genes -When it binds to the target genes it can result in: i) Increased DNA repair ii) G1 arrest (cell cycle arrest, by blocking cyclin/CDK) iii) Apoptosis -A tumor suppressor gene may be inactivated through mutation in the gene itself, high methylation (shutting off promoter), mutation in microRNAs (mistakenly shuts off tumor suppressor gene, miRNAs highly important in gene expression and for diagnostic, particularly in cancer, oncomirs (onco-microRNAs) Explanation for why increased cancer risk can be inherited -Most cancer in this country is sporadic (not due to family) -However, for families that is at higher risk: -Some sort of gene that‟s damaged or possessed certain epigenetic marks is being inherited through the family -People DO NOT inherit activated oncogene, more likely that they are inheriting an inactivated TS gene mutation (epigenetic marking), inherit one defective allele for the gene, at some point in their life, the other allele in one of their cells becomes inactivated too, leading to development of -Relatedness does affect cancer -(Example of BRCA1, which is a normal tumor suppressor and brca1 is the defected tumor Explanation for why cancer incidence tends to increase with age -Age is a big factor, as you get older, you have more time to accumulate mutations Role of stem cells in tumor growth -Cancer may begin as alterations to gene expression in stem cells -Most of your tissues have stem cells -They know how to be every kind of cell (pluripotent) -Stem cells divide differently than normal cells: stem cells make two daughter cells, one is a progenitor cell, and one is a stem cell. Progenitor cell becomes differentiated cell (can be -*BUT all three; stem cells, progenitor cells, and differentiated cells can suffer mutations and -Thus, tumors may be driven by cancer stem cells Evidence that epigenetic regulation may be relevant in cancer -Uncontrolled growth can arise from upsetting the balance between the activities of gene products that promote cell cycling vs. those gene products that suppress cell cycling -Irregular (deregulation) versions of: promoting cell cycling, and suppressing cell cycling Lecture 19- Molecular Homology Strategies for determining if features are homologous -Comparative genomics: Sequence genomes Genome annotation Protein prediction Align sequences Unlock document This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document. Unlock all 21 pages and 3 million more documents. Already have an account? Log in Determine homology -Sequencing is cheap but genome annotation (giving biological meaning to the sequence) is -Genome annotation by: gene prediction, regulatory elements, biological function through similarity researches, and automatic processes Sequences detected by annotation programs to detect open reading frames (ORF) -Protein coding genes computer algorithm, detect promoter elements, intron/exon boundaries, other conserved DNA motifs -Identify homologous proteins and determine the extent of their sequence similarity with one another and the unknown -Align the sequences -Identify structurally conserved and structurally variable regions -To predict proteins, find the longest ORF (Open Reading Frame) (longest start to stop codon Characteristics that are, and are not, common between homologous genes -Look for sequences that are similar! -Arrange sequences to show regions of similarity (automated as well) -Search database for similar sequences because similar sequences= -structural -Evolutionary relatedness -If something is homologous, it is NOT because they have the same nucleotide sequence (that is what blast shows you), it is very similar, but not identical -Don‟t have the same protein sequence either, you see this after you translate the DNA sequence to protein, still very very similar, but not perfectly identical -Don‟t have the same length -Don‟t have the same function Usefulness of BLAST analysis of sequences in Genbank at NCBI -NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information) -It is a repository for genetic information -Sequences databases -23,500 total genomes -BLAST: Basic Local Alignment Search Tool -CLUSTAL: Global -Global VS. Local alignment: -Global: Try to arrange everything from beginning to end -Local: Regions of high similarity, doesn‟t try to force two sequences to align together (faster) When is global weak and local is strong? Local similarities suggest similar functions Reasons why amino acid sequence comparisons are more informative than nucleotide sequence comparisons -Much more info in amino acid sequence and much more powerful -More information in an amino acid sequence of SAME LENGTH -The genetic code is redundant -You have 64 possible triplets but you only make 20 amino acids, one or more codon can specify the same amino acid -More noise in a nucleotide sequence, there‟s lots of stuff that doesn‟t really matter -Amino acid sequence is much more highly conserved -DNA databases are much larger -DNA bases have lots of junk in it, which makes it hard to search -Protein is much more specific & refined Unlock document This preview shows pages 1-3 of the document. 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Untitled 1 How to overclocking your processor and improve PC performance Overclock your processor or CPU (central processing unit), the speed of the nominal clock is speeding up and running faster than usual, usually the result of applying a high voltage components. Major processor manufacturers such as Intel and AMD CPU limit performance to a level, which is safe to ensure that its efficiency will remain constant throughout the component life. However, for years, manufacturers offer this possibility that your CPU works fast by changing some of your computer’s configurations. These practices, which were previously limited to knowledgeable and experienced people, have now been extended to the general public with more intuitive software. However, this may include some risks that should be clarified and kept in mind. Depending on the chip set and the generation they are related to (Devil Canyon or Ivy Bridge Chips), they will have different ways of overclocking. PC performance Therefore, if you are looking at how to achieve the highest possible overclocking in a particular chip set, it would be better to consult a complete detail about your chipset and processor model. It is possible to overclock a processor only if it turns out that it is unlocked. For example, Intel has a processor called Intel Core i7, which does not have ‘K’ mode, whose clock speed is blocked, which prevents this overkalking practice. To make this guide available to a wider audience for all readers, we have not focused on a specific chip set, but we have automated overclocking tools and methods available and will be used extensively. If you want to maximize your processor, and therefore your PC, you should understand the overclocking process and apply it several times, because it is a lengthy process that involves sessions of testing and error. . Getting the best overclock is not a simple task and often requires good strategies. It is a mixture of several processor cores that play with different voltage values to reach a fixed fixed clock frequency, so that the computer does not crash. For example, looking at the same Intel Core i7 3770K processor model, the CPU will need 1.35 volts for 4.5 GHz overclock, while the second will demand 1.15 volts for the speed of the same clock. Due to these complex situations which you can run when putting it into practice on a laptop, we have chosen to use desktop PCs. If you want to overclock a laptop, you should be cautious as it will cost a lot to destroy the heat of its components. Higher voltage means more speed and more heat dissemination. Dangers of overclocking for a CPU As expected, there are risks to this practice. From the beginning, overclocking will zero your machine’s warranty with great potential, although some CPUs have been designed keeping these practices in mind. It can also damage your CPU or other components. In this guide, we will try to make it as safe as possible so that you never have a problem or are not exposed to harmful components. If you are going to overclock your processor, then you should keep in mind that you can damage your components by increasing your BCL very much, so BCL determines the overclock of your motherboard.(PC performance) Without going into the technical details, a BCLK overclock increases the performance of your entire motherboard, which means that everything connected directly to your motherboard will overclock. It will also include a wireless or other type of card. Therefore, BCLK overclocking is a bit dangerous, but if done correctly, you can get amazing results. We recommend that you overclock only one BCLK if you actually know your processor and chipset ins and outsize on the motherboard.(PC performance) Overlocking multiplier can also be dangerous, but often, it is very easy to understand. To get a faster processor speed, you need to increase your multiplier factor. To cope with your processor with high speed, you need to pump more power (volts), which is known as an increase in Vcore. When you increase the Vcore, the CPU temperature increases even as more voltage of your processor goes in and out at an incredibly fast speed. Think of the view of the car engine, the faster the engine turns, the more warm it gets. More VCore means more cycles in the CPU and therefore, more heat. Use software to overclock a CPU If You are trying to overclock an Intel processor, you can try downloading Extreme Tuning Utility Software (Intel ExtTo). It provides access to settings that require you to overclock, such as power, voltage, core, and memory. PC performance The software is easy to use and, often, safe for all types of overclockers . Again, remember that you must constantly monitor the temperature of your CPU and perhaps perform a stress test like Prime95 for a few hours to ensure that the equipment is stable. Before starting Since overclocking involves maximizing your CPU’s configuration, beyond the factory settings, you should monitor it at all times. A maximum temperature of the processor, also known as TJ Max, is probably the most important number to track in the context of overclocking, because each processor has a thermal limit.(PC performance) If you exceed that temperature, then your PC will probably show a blue screen known as the Death Screen (BSOD); If it happens regularly, then you can withstand the loss of data and, most importantly, damage to the hardware affecting the CPU. If you are going ahead with your overclocking, then we suggest you buy a powerful fan or advanced cooling system; Something like Cooler Master Hyper 212 Evo, or Arctic Freezer 7 Pro Both are very popular among those users who practice moderately overclocking on their computers. If you are very serious about overclocking, then there is a system like the Noctua NH-D15 or a liquid cooling system Corsair H115i which will require you to cool your processor and the entire system properly.(PC performance) To be sure and always aware of the temperature of your processor, we recommend downloading tools such as core temp, real temp or hw CPU cpid. This will allow you to inform about the processor temperature and maximum values that the CPU can handle before closing. PC performance There are many users who rely on the results presented by programs such as Prime 95, Aida 64 and Cinebench to prove their overclocking. These programs are often used as a benchmark when deploying maximum loads on the processor and putting it in the test. If this often fails, it will indicate that you have an unstable overclock, so it is necessary to adjust the Vcore again. We recommend that you use these programs if you are going to showcase a non-factory overclock. In this article we will only cover Overclock which should be completely stable by clicking on only a few buttons, which means that stress testing will not be necessary often because your components should be able to cope with less overclock which we are conducted . We also recommend downloading the CPU jade application here, as it will show the real-time measurement of the internal frequency of each processor core, clock frequency of your memory and even the details of your computer’s motherboard.(PC performance) Use the BIOS to overclock the CPU Most overclockers, especially experienced, will tell you that it is best to rely on overclocking through the BIOS. This is often recommended, because you will not have any software and you have control over the components. You can access the system BIOS by pressing the ‘Delete’ key on your keyboard when your PC computer starts. If you are not sure how to use the BIOS, you can consult the user guide of your computer or motherboard. Depending on your brand and motherboard model, you can change the way of your overclock. For example, on the Asus mid-range and high-end motherboard, you should have the option of enabling ‘AI overclocking tuner’, which will allow you to apply low or medium overclocking. If you are familiar with the BIOS and you know what you are doing, you can get good results with overclocking through the BIOS, however this will mean that you have to reboot the computer until the system is stable. Which processors support overclocking As a rule, high-end processors are developed to support overclocking practices. Not all CPUs can be overclocked, so you should pay attention to unlock one to manipulate your clock speed or multiplier power. If you are unsure, Intel has specific broad specifications that you will find here to try to overclock each model. AMD FX processor limit is unlocked and in general, most modern AMD chips can be overclocked. For its part, the range of AMD FX processor is unlocked and for the most part, modern AMD chips can be overclocked. Read more article 0 0 vote Article Rating Written by Notify of Inline Feedbacks View all comments Would love your thoughts, please comment.x
Enzymatic micromotor-driven CO2 sequestration in water Enzymatic micromotor-driven CO2 sequestration in water Rapid decontamination of an aqueous solution by a freely moving microscrubber: this scenario has been realized by American scientists for the sequestration of CO2 from water. In the journal Angewandte Chemie, they introduce their concept of enzymatic conversion of CO2 into solid calcium carbonate, which is greatly facilitated by the use of self-propelled micromotors that act as a movable enzyme support. The on-site mineralization of the gaseous CO2 into solid and durable carbonate salts is one of the options that scientists consider feasible for tackling the issue of the ongoing and massive man-made release of by the combustion of fossil fuels. Calcium carbonate is one of the preferred storage forms for CO2, and marine organisms have piled up layers of calcium carbonate as thick as mountains by bioconversion of carbon dioxide over millions of years, However, the uncatalyzed formation of carbonates from carbon dioxide in aqueous environments is too slow to be practically applicable for large-scale CO2 sequestration by man. Joseph Wang and his group at the University of California, San Diego, have now greatly speeded up this conversion by a cunning chemical-nanoengineering approach. "Our approach combines the biocatalytic activity of carbonic anhydrase [a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the hydration of CO2 to form bicarbonate] with the self-propulsion of chemically powered micromotors through CO2-saturated samples to act as highly efficient mobile biocatalytic microscrubbers," they write. The main advantage of this method is the automatic self-mixing and scrubbing of the reaction solution just by adding environmentally friendly , the "fuel" of the micromotors. As the micromotors, the scientists used a six micrometer sized tube made of a modified polymer. At its inner surface, the hydrogen peroxide is catalytically converted into water and oxygen gas. It is the thrust of the oxygen gas bubbles that pushes the microtube into a forward movement. At the outer surface of the tube the scientists anchored the carbonic anhydrase enzyme. Fueled by hydrogen peroxide, this enzyme-micromotor combination propels through the like a submarine, reaching the impressive speed of more than 100 micrometers per second, or eighteen times its length, the authors write. But the speed is not the only advantage of the submarine microscrubber, the chemical anchoring of the enzyme on the micromotor surface also grants the enzyme's stability for CO2 hydration. Tiny carbon-capturing motors may help tackle rising carbon dioxide levels These are video frames showing the movement of a micromotor in sea water. Credit: Laboratory for Nanobioelectronics, UC San Diego Jacobs School of Engineering Tested in action, the microscrubber decontaminated the CO2-containing test solutions, including seawater, efficiently within several minutes. Which sounds like a man-made attempt to pile up rocks again. Explore further Micromotors for energy generation More information: "Micromotor-Based Biomimetic Carbon Dioxide Sequestration: Towards Mobile Microscrubbers." Angew. Chem. Int. Ed.. DOI: 10.1002/anie.201505155 Provided by Angewandte Chemie Citation: Enzymatic micromotor-driven CO2 sequestration in water (2015, September 17) retrieved 27 February 2021 from https://phys.org/news/2015-09-enzymatic-micromotor-driven-co2-sequestration.html Feedback to editors User comments
“sorry” – 4 uses One of the most overused words in England. Why do English people say sorry so often? Is it a reflex? Do they really mean it? Could it even be a way of apologising for class differences? Whatever the real reason, here are 4 ways to say and use it: 1. “forgive me” You’ve done something wrong, this is the most literal meaning of sorry. Said with a falling (i) or fall-rising pattern (ii). You can stress both syllables and use a rise-fall to sound sarcastic (iii). Joe, you’re spilling coffee on me. i) ↘Sorry, I didn’t mean to! 2. “excuse me” You need to communicate with somebody but they are not looking in your direction. Which word will you use to attract their attention? Sorry, of course, even if you are doing them a favour. A fall-rising pattern is usual here, we know something else is going to be said afterwards. ↘↗Sorry, do you happen to have the time? ↘↗Sorry, could I have a pint of ale please. ↘↗Sorry, I think you’ve dropped your wallet! 3. “what?” You don’t quite catch what somebody says, instead of saying “what?” you can be more polite using “sorry”. A rising pattern is appropriate here. Where is Borough Station? That’ll be 400,000 pounds please. 4. “no” You disagree with the person speaking to you. A perfect opportunity to use “sorry” – it’s probably slightly more polite than “no”, a fall-rising pattern is likely: Chelsea are going to win the treble this year. ↘↗Sorry, no chance, Leicester are the team to watch now. Can you pick the kids up today? ↘↗Sorry, I’m working until late. According to this report on BBC futures, the British say sorry 8 times a day – it’s time to get started then![ssba]
“Homicide and “Born Alive” Requirement”, assignment help Read the article, titled “The Life and Deaths of Jack Kevorkian (1928–2011)”, located at http://content.time.com/time/nation/article/0,8599,2075644,00.html#ixzz2s1VqmyIt. Or use the Internet or the Strayer Library to research articles on Jack Kevorkian and his publicly championing a terminal patient’s right to die. Be prepared to discuss. From the e-Activity, give your opinion of Jack Kevorkian’s saying, “dying is not a crime”, and analyze the manner in which his actions rose to the level of homicide. Provide one (1) example of his actions that meet the elements of a homicide. Review State v. Lamy, 969 A.2d 451 (N.H. 2009) and the born alive requirement that are discussed in Chapter 10 of the text, determine one (1) ethical issue that may arise from social debate as a result of the requirement in question. Next, speculate upon one (1) approach that the court could take in order to address the ethical issue in question. Justify your response. I remember hearing about Dr. Jack Kevorkian when I was a kid, and the negative connotations it had like Dr. Death, and what I understood then is far from what I understand today, I pictured him as a murderer. I am positive there are many who would say he was a murderer, without a doubt, but it was what the deceased wished. I believe that what Dr. Kevorkian meant by saying that ‘dying is not a crime” is that we do not take the dead to court or jail, there are no laws against dying, but there are many laws restricting how one dies. Murder, suicide are illegal in the United States, as in many other countries, and while we cannot go after someone who was successful in their suicide attempt, the government does go after those who are unsuccessful or those who assisted in a successful suicide. In many cases, those who are unsuccessful in a suicide attempt are brought to court, the government would say that it is to assess the person so they are not a danger to themselves or others. Dr. Kevorkian was no stranger to the court system for his practice of assisted suicide, as he had been charged three times prior to his conviction of second degree murder in the state of Michigan in 1999. The reason for this conviction was due to Dr. Kevorkian the state of Michigan there are no rights to protect a physician from assisting someone with suicide. Dr. Kevorkian brought the equipment and supplies, and injected Thomas Youk, a man suffering from Lou Gehrig’s disease, with the lethal medication that ended his life. There are a few states like Oregon, California, Montana, Vermont and Washington do have Acts protecting physicians assisting in suicides, but each state has guidelines for assisted suicide, dates of enactment, and different terms for protection. Order Now Just Browsing Free Revisions Plagiarism Free 24x7 Support
What Is The Importance Of Art? How does art change your life? Art Opens Your Heart and Feeds Your Mind Looking at art provides an opportunity to exercise critical thinking, experience a renewed self-awareness, and potentially even a deeper connection to others and their experiences, as we share what we feel and try to interpret what we see.. What art can teach us? What skills does art develop? What are the two major benefits of studying art? Why is art so important? What is the importance of art to humankind? Art makes people optimistic about their future. Art can be used to help spread a message of inspiration, making people achieve great things in life. Art can be a form of communication between people, to focus on common issues for the betterment of humankind. Inspirational music is the best form of creative art. What are the benefits of art? The Benefits of ArtArt stimulates the imagination. Art opens the heart and mind to possibilities and fuels the imagination. … Art makes you more observant. … Art enhances problem-solving skills. … Art boosts self-esteem and provides a sense of accomplishment. … Art reduces stress. What is the power of art? How does art impact our lives? What is the power of art in project power? That’s right, Art—a man on a mission to rescue his unusually gifted daughter, Tracy—possesses the power of the mighty shrimp, and he uses it to save the day. What is the importance of art in education? For Art in Action students, the benefits of receiving an arts education are far-reaching, and essential preparation for success in the 21st Century. Through the lessons they explore, students are able to hone their critical thinking and creativity while learning how to better work with others for a common goal. How does art affect memory? For dementia patients, creating art enhances cognitive abilities and memory, in addition to aiding symptoms of depression and anxiety. Physician Dr. Arnold Bresky has used art therapy to help those with dementia and Alzheimer’s, citing a 70% success rate in improving his patients’ memories. What is art and its importance?
Iterators are a powerful language feature in Rust, described by the Iterator trait. Iterators allow you to perform many operations on collection-like types, e.g. Vec<T>, and they are easily composable. Adapters and Consumers Iterator methods can be broken into two distinct groups: Adapters take an iterator and return another iterator // Iterator Adapter // \| \| let my_map = (1..6).map(\|x\| x * x); println!("{:?}", my_map); Map { iter: 1..6 } Note that the values were not enumerated, which indicates that iterators are not eagerly evaluated — iterators are "lazy". Consumers take an iterator and return something other than an iterator, consuming the iterator in the process. // Iterator Adapter Consumer // \| \| \| let my_squares: Vec<_> = (1..6).map(\|x\| x * x).collect(); println!("{:?}", my_squares); [1, 4, 9, 16, 25] Other examples of consumers include find, fold, and sum. let my_squared_sum: u32 = (1..6).map(\|x\| x * x).sum(); println!("{:?}", my_squared_sum); A short primality test fn is_prime(n: u64) -> bool { (2..n).all(\|divisor\| n % divisor != 0) Of course this is isn't a fast test. We can stop testing at the square root of n: .take_while(\|divisor\| divisor * divisor <= n) Custom iterator struct Fibonacci(u64, u64); impl Iterator for Fibonacci { type Item = u64; // The method that generates each item let ret = self.0; self.0 = self.1; self.1 += ret; Some(ret) // since `None` is never returned, we have an infinite iterator // Implementing the `next()` method suffices since every other iterator // method has a default implementation Example use: // the iterator method `take()` is an adapter which limits the number of items // generated by the original iterator for i in Fibonacci(0, 1).take(10) { println!("{}", i);
NASA makes it easier to spot space station Written by on November 7, 2012 in News, World - No comments NASA is making it easier to spot the International Space Station (ISS) with the naked eye. The US space agency is offering a new service which alerts people a few hours before the space station is visible flying overhead. Enthusiasts who sign up the new service, Spot the Station, will receive notifications via email or text message. The program coincides with the Nov. 2 12-year anniversary of ISS crews living and working continuously aboard the orbiting space station. “It’s really remarkable to see the space station fly overhead and to realize humans built an orbital complex that can be spotted from Earth by almost anyone looking up at just the right moment,” says NASA’s William Gerstenmaier. “We’re accomplishing science on the space station that is helping to improve life on Earth and paving the way for future exploration of deep space.” Most of the world’s population should be able to see the ISS since it passes over more than 90 percent of people living on Earth. People who sign up for ”Spot the Station” will be able set their alerts for morning or evening sightings, or both. Also, the new service won’t waste your time or eat up text message units by sending useless information. NASA says it will send notification messages for good sightings only, which is when the ISS passes high enough in the sky to be easily seen over objects like trees and buildings. NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, calculates and updates ISS sighting information twice a week for more 4,600 cities and towns throughout the world. The space agency suggests people choose the location nearest to them if they can’t find their specific position on the list. President Ronald Reagan, during his 1984 State of the Union address, committed the United States to developing a permanently-occupied space station that would not only involve NASA. Other countries were invited to participate as well. The first portion of what would become the massive International Space Station was launched from the Baikonur Cosmodrome, Kazakstan, on Nov. 20, 1998. Called the Zarya, or “Sunrise,” this ISS module was designed to provide the station’s initial propulsion and power. The space station has a mass of about 450,000 kg, is 72.8 m in length, by 108.5 m in width and is about 20 m in height. The first humans, a three-person crew known as Expedition 1, boarded the space station on Nov. 2, 2000. The ISS has been continuously staffed with international crews since, hosting 207 people who lived on the space station from a period of weeks to months. Currently, the lone way crews can be transported to and from the ISS is aboard RussianSoyuz spacecraft. The US is turning to the private sector to help with crew transport after retiring the space shuttle fleet in 2011. (Photo: Nasa) About the Author
It is the 1st of September, 2020. Welcome to the Christian History Almanac brought to you by 1517 at I’m Dan van Voorhis. The year was 1727. 1727 was the year that saw the last execution for witchcraft in Scotland. The ignominy belonged to Janet Horne, who, along with her daughter, was imprisoned by the sheriff of Loth (a county north of Inverness). Janet seems to have been dealing with the effects of early-onset dementia or mental malady that left her in a near-constant state of confusion. Furthermore, it was rumored that her daughter’s deformed hands were the remnant of being turned into a horse by her mother to travel across the Scottish Highlands at night. Diseased livestock and poor weather were blamed on Horne and her daughter, and they were arrested, tried, and condemned. Janet’s daughter was able to escape, but Janet herself was burned alive after being stripped, tarred, and feathered. While a certain kind of superstition was rampant, so too was the development of medicine. In 1727, Friedrich Wilhelm I of Prussia christened the Charite Hospital in Berlin, a new building attached to an old plague hospital that would become one of the most famous and important medical centers in Europe. The hospital was initially set up by King Frederick I outside the city limits for victims of a coming plague. After the epidemic passed, it was used as a paupers hospital until the new King decided to build it out and help make it one of the premier medical research centers in Europe. Some 40 Nobel Laureates have worked at the German hospital with a French name. Last year Netflix released a six-part miniseries entitled Charite, based on the hospital founded in 1727. 1727 saw publications from Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, and John Gay, all members of the famed Scriblerus club. In 1727 Isaac Newton died, as did King George I, first of the house of Hannover on the English throne. His son, George II, was crowned later in this same year. In 1727, Horatio Gates and Artemis Ward were both born. The two would become key revolutionaries with the American rebels later in the century. And it was on this day, the 1st of September, in 1727, that Jean Baptiste Joseph Gobel was born. The fate of the one-time Archbishop of Paris would represent the vast swings in public opinion towards Catholicism during the French Revolution. Jean Baptiste was born in Switzerland and studied Theology at the German College in Rome. He was eventually made a priest in a French diocese heavily populated with Swiss folk. By 1789, he was elected as a deputy to the Estates-General and shocked many in the Catholic church for taking the Oath of the Civil Constitution in 1791. This call for popularly elected church officials benefited Gobel, who was soon elected to a series of positions, culminating in his election as the Archbishop of Paris (a position not recognized by the Catholic church at Rome). While remaining faithful to his calling, confession, and people, he resigned his episcopal duties in 1793. He was not leaving the church but instead sought to make it a more democratic institution. The Hebertists. an anti-Christian sect in Revolutionary France, claimed that Gobel was on their side, and that gave Robespierre all the excuse he needed to remove another obstacle. Despite sharing none of the anti-Christian tenets of the Hebertists, Gobel was arrested and guillotined. A martyr of the French Revolution, Jean Baptiste Joseph Gobel, was murdered in 1794 and was born on this day in 1727. He was 66 years old. The reading for today comes from Robert Herrick, a 17th century English poet and divine. This is his “Gods Keyes.” God has four keys, which He reserves alone: The first of rain; the key of hell next known; With the third key He opes and shuts the womb; And with the fourth key he unlocks the tomb. This has been the Christian History Almanac for the 1st of September 2020 brought to you by 1517 at The show is produced by a man who weighs the same as a duck and is thus made of wood, Christopher Gillespie. The show is written and read by Dan van Voorhis. You can catch us here every day. and remember that the rumors of grace, forgiveness, and the redemption of all things are true…. Everything is going to be ok.
Use Solar Panels to Help save Cash and the Environment The idea of unrestricted and cost-free power has in a natural way captivated the desire of the environmentally mindful and frugal to use solar panels to save income and the surroundings. You can commence and enter this planet by developing panels yourself. You will want to use a guidebook guide and a kit that provides effortless to follow directions and consists of movies as an assist. You will have to do your investigation to uncover what operates for you. When used correctly these kits are a great finding out prospect and support you electricity easy gadgets. Much more kits are coming on the industry as there is enormous desire for attempting this route to strength generation. For these who do not want to go all the way nevertheless, this is a great location to start off. Solar vitality production methods are being refined and improved on, so it may possibly be clever not to make main investments at this time. In simple fact as exposed in the British media in February 2010, researchers have uncovered a plastic that can keep and release vitality and could make batteries out of date. Help save money with solar panels you construct by yourself Solar panels are a selection of photo voltaic cells wired collectively. They produce an electrical current when struck by sunlight. Even though, photo voltaic cells produce minimum electrical energy separately, grouped collectively they generate considerably far more. You can help save cash by building them yourselves instead than buy them prefabricated. You can very easily purchase solar cells you will wire with each other to make a panel on the internet. You can acquire excellent high quality total cells, or lesser quality cells that are less expensive but are blemished in some way. Pre-tabbed cells aid wiring. You can save up to fifty percent to a few quarters of the price, if you make the panel yourself in comparison to a premade panel. If you acquire the wooden and pretabbed cells a panel can expense a small more than one hundred USD for a little method for a few modest gadgets. If you use scrap wood laying around and tab the cells yourself, the cost can be beneath 100 USD per panel. You would require simple tools that can be obtained at the local hardware keep. Silicone caulk, wooden glue and for the wiring, wire cutters, wire strippers, a soldering iron and solder would also be essential. If you want to electrical power your whole home, the value will be steeper. A photo voltaic electricity technique generates electrical energy, employs batteries to retailer the energy and a cost controller to regulate the energy produced by the cells mounted on a weatherproof enclosure and cost the batteries, and a power inverter changing the direct existing electrical energy from the battery to alternating present electric power used in the property. For a very simple program you can also not use a charge controller and just connect the panel to the batteries. Nevertheless, a charge controller will refill batteries when energy is employed up to preserve them entirely billed. There are 2 types of inverters, the: Modified Sine Wave and the Correct Sine Wave. The True Sine Wave is far more pricey but is in a position to replicate the electric power current kind much more just and is value the price, based on your needs. Solar programs can use common sealed lead acid twelve volt batteries also employed in autos. If you only want to electricity a number of very modest things, you may well take into account other varieties of batteries that are lighter in bodyweight. A technique can be adequately powerful to power a house, or minimal enough to energy one equipment or a number of. The expense and the sophistication of the materials necessary will vary with the measurement of the property. The easiest techniques have minimal applications. Do it your self photo voltaic panels The variety of photo voltaic panels essential depends on your intentions. Your energy bill will provide critical details for your calculations. The monthly bill indicates how much electrical energy you at the moment use, which you need to have to use to figure out the kWh of electrical energy use your panels need to create. The other essential measure is the insulation value. Photo voltaic panels call for a certain degree of intensity in the sunlight. Must there be low intensity, it will minimize the electricity they can make. The intensity may differ during the working day, and for the duration of the yr. Locations have insulation values and you ought to know the insulation price of your place. Maps of these values are obtainable online. With this measurement, you can merely divide the kWh of electricity you will need to create everyday by the insulation benefit to determine what is necessary for your panels. However, for accuracy you will you require to preserve in brain there is usually a decline in conversion. Usually this reduction is about twenty five p.c. Hence, you will need to multiply whatever your last determine turns out to be by one.25 to consider this conversion loss into account. Now that you have your every day kWh need altered for insulation and efficiency, you will know how considerably power your solar panels ought to make. To figure out how many solar panels are needed, you divide the electrical power output you calculated by the power output of a solitary panel. Photo voltaic maps that indicate common sunshine for different areas are a guide. If a solar panel is situated in an location with double the rating, it can generate two times the electrical energy with the exact same dimension panel. If you reside in a area with a minimal score, a lot more or larger solar panels will be necessary to make the electrical power required. How to construct solar panels To build your possess panels, expertise about the diverse solar cells is a requisite. Two varieties of solar cells are easily obtainable. The most efficient kind is the monocrystalline mobile. This is much more costly, but provides the maximum power output and lasts more time. Polycrystalline cells create much less electricity but, they are also more affordable. A simple method can be devised relatively easily. Following you have determined on the kind of cells you want you can construct such a program by gluing and mounting them on a strong backing board and wiring them. A thick piece of plywood can serve as a backing board. The wiring diagram integrated with the acquired cells indicates the diverse voltages they can create. Determine on the voltage and therefore the cells essential to generate it. Then, lay the cells in a rectangle to give you the dimension you need to have for the backing board. Following the backing board is sized correctly and minimize, the photo voltaic cells can be mounted on it. They are attached making use of a silicone caulk. Implementing caulk to the middle of the again of every mobile, then lay out all the cells in the format you decided on and glue each cell in location. The subsequent step is to wire the cells with each other to type a panel. If you have bought pretabbed cells you will need to solder the tabs collectively. Otherwise, will have to solder on tabs before you connect the cells. If you prepare on making use of a demand controller you will not want a diode, which prevents the current from flowing back into the panel from the batteries, when there is no sunlight. But, if you plan to attach the cells to the battery, you may possibly want to solder on a diode. After this approach is concluded, you need to have to enclose the panels in a weatherproof structure. Plexiglass or Lexan material can be used for the transparent best which enables sunlight to strike the cells. A liberal quantity of caulking seals the enclosure. Your device is total and is all set to be put on the roof or the floor spot you have decided on. The enclosure may be built from various components. The best content to use is wood and the basic system explained right here will not want something distinct. The enclosure dimensions will rely on the number of panels you intend to use. The transparent prime will have to be cut appropriately. Inside the enclosure the cells will be hooked up to a piece of wooden or material. The wooden reduce to make the enclosure will need to have to be screwed with each other. Of program, a hole must be drilled for the wires to exit the box from the base of the enclosure. The wooden panel with hooked up photo voltaic cells will be glued into the container. The transparent leading will need to have to be place down on top of the container. A connector can be soldered to the stop of the wires based on what the panel will be attached to. The panel can be analyzed by hooking up a voltmeter to the panel in direct daylight. Your experiment with solar electric power can then get started and show you how to save income with solar panels you develop yourself. Leave a reply
View Full Version : Not only did people from the east repopulat europe, so did their dogs? 11-07-16, 16:37 New evidence suggests that man's best friend, the dog, was domesticated in two different parts of the word at different times. Researchers recently tested the Dna of an Irish dog from about 4,500 years ago, roughly around the time Stone heng was being built and confirmed the dogs genes pointed to an asian origin of domestication and showed a most recent common ancestor with asian dogs to be from 4,500-14,000 years ago. This would support what many poeple had previously thought that the dog was domesticated in asia, however there is fossil evidence in euorope of dogs living with humans over 15,000 years ago, too old to purely have been domesticated in asia. This could also mean that there was an even earlier asian migration of dogs into europe, but fossil records do not support this, as evidence for domestic dogs in central asia can not be found over 9 thousand years ago. This is interesting for a number of reason when considering the settling of europe by human populations. 1- it proves even further what has already been claimed, that migrations into europe came from the east. 2- that not only did these invaders have such a strong genetic impact on europe but that their whole culture and way of life completely took over the more original culture and people in europe, to such an extant that even their dog breeds replaced older european ones. what i would find very interesting would be if further evidence could some how link the replacment of euorpean dogs by asian ones to the indo eurpean expansion. Ireland being one of the most western places in all of europe already had asian dogs around 4,500 euros ago right around the time of the indoeuropean expansion into europe. Maybe further dna studies on dogs could shed light on the expansion of R1b into europe, if we could compare the dogs of different ancient european populations in europe, theoretically we could possibly see the origins as well of the people that had those dogs. for anyone who is interested here is the article 12-07-16, 09:48 the oldest dog found was in Goyet cave, 31,7 ka, probably Gravettian then again, most bred dogs have a common ancestor only some 500 years old 13-07-16, 21:31 yes only proves the studies point more that there must have been a domestication of the dog in Europe, by ancient Europeans, before the Asian variety of dog took over. True,modern dog breeds are not very old, and many have been developed in the past 300 years in Europe, due to the nobility constantly experimenting with hunting dogs, however some dog breeds such as the Greenland dog, Lakeis, and other Nordic breeds are quite ancient. Grey hounds are also an older breed of dog.
Dementia & Sensory Stimulation Dementia & Sensory Stimulation Sensory stimulation is the activation of one or more of the senses such as taste, smell, vision, hearing, and touch. Sensory stimulation enables us to engage with the environment and communicate in multiple and complex ways. Read More Here. What is Dementia? Dementia is caused by different diseases of the brain. These diseases affect the parts of the brain which are normally used for learning, memory and language. Here are a few things that dementia isn’t: • it isn’t a single disease • it isn’t a normal part of ageing • it isn’t the same experience for everyone Dementia is caused by many diseases that damage the nerve cells in the brain. The ability to remember, plan, use language, find your way around and regulate mood and behaviour may be affected. The most common causes of Dementia are: • Alzheimer’s Disease • Vascular Dementia • Mixed Dementia (a combination of Alzheimer’s disease and vascular pathology in the brain) • Lewy Body Dementia Although Dementia usually affects people as they get older, it’s not a normal part of ageing. Nine out of ten older people don’t get dementia. Younger people can get dementia too; in someone under 65, this is known as early or younger onset dementia. Most cases of dementia are progressive so the symptoms get worse over time. How dementia affects any one individual can vary from person to person. Each individual will experience it differently and be affected in their own way. What someone with dementia can do, remember and understand may change from day to day. Understanding Dementia Few people understand what dementia is. This lack of knowledge and understanding can make it difficult for people with dementia, their families and their carers. People are not being intentionally unkind; they often don’t know what to do or say. Sometimes that can make them avoid those living with dementia and their loved ones, which can appear hurtful. It’s important that we all learn to understand dementia better so that we can offer support and help people with dementia. This allows people with dementia to be engaged in their community and in society. Life changes when someone develops dementia but it doesn’t end. By understanding dementia together, we can help people live well with dementia. Although there is no cure for dementia, effective help is available and include: • Medication and other treatments • A range of community supports • Practical adjustments and adaptations to the person’s life and home People can live well with dementia. Support from family, friends and the wider community are important. The Alzehimer's Society in Ireland provide information and advice throughout your journey with dementia. Their Dementia Advisers work with people with dementia, their families and carers to provide a highly responsive and individualised information and signposting service. Find more information on the link below. Alzheimer Society Check our range of Dementia Products Here Sign up for our newsletter Thank you for signing up for our newsletter
You Have Eight Senses Not Five Share on facebook Share on twitter Share on pinterest Share on linkedin Share on email Share on print A list of your eight senses: 1. Visual sense 2. Auditory sense 3. Olfactory sense 4. Gustatory sense 5. Tactile sense 6. Vestibular sense 7. Proprioception sense 8. Interoception sense Words used to describe each sense. Visual: vision, see, sight, eyes, seeing, looking Auditory: hear, hearing, ears, listening Olfactory: smell, scent, nose Tactile: touch, feel, skin Gustatory: taste, mouth Vestibular: balance, head movement, inner ear Proprioception: muscles, joints, body movement, moving, moving in space, movement, proprioceptive Interoception: internal body sense, internal organs, breathe, breathing, hunger, thirst, toilet, toileting, interoceptive Sensory differences in the eight senses. Your senses tell your brain about what your body is experiencing. Moreover, some people have differences in how one or more of their senses work, compared to most other people. Consequently, for people with sensory disorders, they look for events, places, products, and services that are sensory-friendly. Let’s go through the senses for examples of how your sensory system might work with a difference, or in a way that is a problem. First, let’s review vision and sight. Woman holding out her glasses in front of her. While wearing glasses may mean that you have a difference in your vision. For most people who require corrective lenses, glasses, or contact lenses take care of the problem. But for some people with differences in their sense of vision, corrective lenses may not solve the problem. They may have low vision. Some people are bothered by bright lights. Flickering lights. Flashing lights. These are examples of why someone might look for a sensory-friendly environment with lower and less lighting. As well, you also might see people who wear wrap-around sunglasses or special glasses indoors. Or even when it is a cloudy day. Some people wear blue light blocking glasses. Furthermore, people may tell you they do not like being in places that are crowded and cluttered because their sense of vision becomes overwhelmed. Second, let’s explore hearing.Girl wearing headphones standing in park. More and more you see people wearing noise-canceling headphones to listen to music and even earmuffs to block out sound. There are even specially sized earmuffs for infants and toddlers. Finally, many people, children, and adults use earplugs for sleep. Some people are easily startled by loud sounds. On the other hand, some people are bothered by background noise, like music playing on overhead speakers. Similarly, simply the din of a crowded, busy place is bothersome. People with hearing loss, even people who wear hearing aids may have difficulty when there is a lot of ambient noise. Though many people are bothered by sudden noises, even if they are not unduly loud. Our survey results consistently reveal that noise is the most common problem. So we’ve written a blog post about help for noise sensitivity. Third, is something tasty or not?Young Asian girl eating ice cream. Know someone who likes bland food? Do you know a child who follows the “beige diet?” Some children with sensory processing disorders only ate beige food. Think bread, chicken fingers, fries, cereal. For some people, not just children, they simply cannot tolerate spicy food. Or the taste of very specific foods bothers them. Divided plates help children who are bothered by different foods touching each other. And they even have divided plates that are adult-friendly. Fourth, what about tactile sensitivity? Baby holding adults finger.Know someone who cuts the tags off all their clothes? Maybe you’ve even heard of sensory-friendly clothing. This is popular for children with autism. Or possibly you don’t like wool sweaters yourself because they are scratchy. Sometimes seams in socks are bothersome. Seamless socks exist for all ages! For other people, they do not like being hugged or touched a lot. Fifth, read about sensitivity to smell. Woman smelling flower. Ever meet someone who cannot stand to have scented candles in their house. Maybe you know someone who is bothered by perfumes. For some people, scents and smells can cause asthma attacks. For other people, their sense of smell is so acute that they are bothered by things you don’t even register. Smells are not limited to diffusers or sprays, even the smell of certain foods can be a challenge and make people feel ill. Fragrance-free odor absorbers can help. Sixth, proprioception tells you how you are moving. Young man biking through urban city.Proprioception is another big word, it means your sense of muscle and joints. It tells you where and how your body is moving. It tells you what your arms and legs and trunk and neck are doing. If you close your eyes, you can still touch your nose with a finger. That is because your sense of proprioception tells your should, arm, hand, and finger exactly how much to move to reach your nose. You don’t see it move, you don’t hear it move and you only feel it when your finger makes contact. Some people like moving a lot, some people do not like moving at all. Indoor, mini-trampolines are popular for people of all ages who like to move! Seventh, your vestibular sense. Young man breakdancing balancing on one hand. Vestibular sounds like a big word. But it just means your sense of balance. You use this sense all the time, even just sitting up. You use it too when you move. Especially when you move your head. So you use your sense of balance when you sit, walk, stand, dance, or climb. And your balance can be challenged if you are in a moving vehicle. Such as a car, bus, train, boat, or plane. Some people are more susceptible to motion sickness. You might see them wearing armbands to try to prevent nausea. That means there is a difference in their vestibular sense. People who are afraid of heights have a sense of balance that is more acute too. Eighth, a new word, interoception. Individual swimming in a lakeInteroception is likely a new word to you. It is a sense that is being newly described in recent years. Although it isn’t really new! It is your internal body sense. It gives you information from your nervous system and your organs. Telling you about your breathing, for example. It helps you coordinate your breath. It also tells you if your are hungry or thirsty. In addition, it also tells you when you have to go to the bathroom too. For some people, they have difficulty recognizing these signals from their body. Practicing meditation, for example, helps people get in touch with the connection between their body and their brain. 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Sponsored Links Want to beat your Scrabble friends no matter where you are? Word Solver Android AppWordSolver Android App! Yes, loops is a Scrabble word! 1. Move in loops 2. Make a loop in 3. Fly loops, perform a loop 4. Wind around something in coils or loops 5. Fasten or join with a loop 1. Fastener consisting of a metal ring for lining a small hole to permit the attachment of cords or lines 2. Anything with a round or oval shape (formed by a curve that is closed and does not intersect itself) 4. An inner circle of advisors (especially under President Reagan) 5. The basic pattern of the human fingerprint 6. A computer program that performs a series of instructions repeatedly until some specified condition is satisfied 7. The topology of a network whose components are serially connected in such a way that the last component is connected to the first component 8. An intrauterine device in the shape of a loop 9. A complete electrical circuit around which current flows or a signal circulates 10. A flight maneuver; aircraft flies a complete circle in the vertical plane What Scrabble words can I make with the letters in loops? 5 Letter Words 4 Letter Words Sponsored Links 3 Letter Words 2 Letter Words 4 Anagrams of Loops Words that can be created with an extra letter added to loops: More words that can be made using the letters in loops:
Chemical Engineering Thermodynamics (MCQs) Heat requirement for decomposition of a compound into its elements is __________ that is evolved during the formation of that compound from its elements. • A. The same • B. Less than • C. Greater than • D. Different than Answer: Option A. Lavoisier and laplace law : the law states that the quantity of heat which must be supplied to decompose a compound in to its elemental form is equal to the amount of heat evolved during the formation compound from its element assuming no losses involved during both process. Leave a Reply Back to top button error: Content is protected !!
Presentation is loading. Please wait. Presentation is loading. Please wait. Ch. 25 Lesson 2 Common STIs. Similar presentations Presentation on theme: "Ch. 25 Lesson 2 Common STIs."— Presentation transcript: 1 Ch. 25 Lesson 2 Common STIs 2 STDs The CDC reports that STDs account for more than 85% of the most common communicable diseases in the US The primary means of transmission of STDs is sexual activity. Teens who choose abstinence from sexual activity greatly reduce their risk of contracting STDs. 3 Human Papillomavirus HPV Virus that causes genital warts or asymptomatic infections HPV is considered the most common STD in the US. Almost all cases of cervical cancer are caused by HPV HPV can cause cancers of the penis and anus. 4 Genital Warts Are pink reddish warts w/ cauliflower-like tops that appear on the genitals and throat Are highly contagious and are spread by any form of sexual contact 5 Chlamydia Is a bacterial infection that affects the reproductive organs 40% of cases are reported in teens 15 to 19 yrs old It’s asymptomatic Males may experience discharge from the penis and burning upon urination Females may experience vaginal discharge, burning urination or abdominal pain 6 Chlamydia cont. Untreated can lead to infertility Untreated females can also develop (PID) pelvic inflammatory disease 7 Genital Herpes Caused by the herpes simplex. There are two types… Type 1 usually caused by cold sores Type 2 caused by genital sores Both can infect the mouth and genitals About 20% of the total adolescent population is infected with the virus 8 Genital Herpes continued Most of those infected are asymptomatic and are not aware they have it. Most have blister-like sores that occur periodically Meds can relieve symptoms, but cannot cure Can be fatal for infants who contract it from their mothers 9 Gonorrhea A bacterial STD that usually affects mucous membranes The highest rates of gonorrhea are found in females from yrs old and males from yrs old. Symptoms include a discharge from the penis/vagina and painful urination Approximately 50% of females infected have no symptoms 10 Gonorrhea continued Can lead to infertility Can spread to the bloodstream and cause permanent damage to the joints. Females can pass the infection to their babies during childbirth and contract eye infections that cause blindness. 11 Trichomoniasis Caused by microscopic protozoan that results in infections of the vagina, uretha, and bladder. About 5 million new cases every year Usually no symptoms occur, however the disease may result in vaginitis-an inflammation of the vagina with discharge, odor, irritation, and itching 12 Syphilis An STD that attacks many parts of the body and is caused by a small bacterium called a spirochete. The first sign of the infection is a painless reddish sore, called a chancre. If not treated it spreads to other parts of the body. 13 Syphilis continued The disease can damage internal organs (heart, liver, nervous system, and kidneys) If left untreated, the person is at risk of paralysis, convulsions, and heart disease. An infant with syphilis may have a damaged nervous system and can die from the effects. 15 Other Common STD’s Chancroid (bacteria) Bacterial Vaginosis Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Pubic lice 16 Seeking Treatment Being embarrassed should not stop a person from seeking treatment from a private physician or health clinic By law, information about these diseases is kept confidential Only health care professionals can prescribe treatment and antibiotics Ultimately it is the responsibility of any person infected with an STD to notify anyone they have had sexual contact with. 17 Lesson 2 Review Questions Which STDs might not present noticeable symptoms? Analyze and explain the harmful effects of two common STDs on fetuses and infants. Where can a person go for treatment of an STD? 18 Review Questions continued… 4. Describe the symptoms of gonorrhea & genital herpes for males and females> 5. Public policies enable health officials to locate & contact sexual partners of people who have been diagnosed with an STD. How do these policies help with the prevention and treatment of STDs? Download ppt "Ch. 25 Lesson 2 Common STIs." Similar presentations Ads by Google
How much coal is produced in Australia? Since the late 1700s about 9,100 million tonnes of black coal and about 2,300 million tonnes of brown coal have been mined and the Australian coal industry provides significant employment, capital investment and domestic and export income to the national economy. How much coal does Australia produce each year? 554,763,963 tons How much money does Australia make from coal? In financial year 2019, the export value of coal from Australia was approximately 69.6 billion Australian dollars. The value of coal exports had almost doubled over the past decade, with coal being one of the leading export commodities in the country. How is coal produced in Australia? Bituminous coal is mined in Queensland and New South Wales, and is used for both domestic power generation and for export. It is mined underground or open-cut before being transported by rail to power stations or export shipping terminals. How much coal is produced each year? Highlights for 2019 IT IS INTERESTING: Frequent question: How does coal work as an energy source? U.S. coal production decreased 6.6% year over year to 706.3 million short tons (MMst). The total productive capacity of U.S. coal mines was 1,009.5 MMst, a decrease of 1.1% from the 2018 level. Which country uses coal the most? Which country is the largest exporter of coal? What is the biggest coal mine in Australia? Peak Downs coal mine Who is the biggest buyer of Australian coal? How long will Australia’s coal last? 125 years Does Australia have a lot of coal? Where does Australia get its coal from? Does Australia import coal? In contrast, more than half of Australia’s liquid fuel needs are imported. … Australia’s primary energy consumption is dominated by coal (around 40 per cent), oil (34 per cent) and gas (22 per cent). Will coal ever run out? IT IS INTERESTING: What state is anthracite mined? How many years of coal is left? Who are the largest coal producers? The top five countries with the largest proven coal reserves 1. United States – 249 billion tonnes. … 2. Russia – 162 billion tonnes. … 3. Australia – 149 billion tonnes. … 4. China – 142 billion tonnes. … 5. India – 106 billion tonnes. Coal mine
Quick Answer: Who Was RA Wife? What are the 3 forms of RA? He has three aspects: Khepri as the morning god, Ra as the day god, Khnum as the evening god, and Atum as the afternoon god.. Who was RA married to? Ra was portrayed as a falcon and shared characteristics with the sky god Horus. At times the two deities were merged as Ra-Horakhty, “Ra, who is Horus of the Two Horizons”….RaSiblingsApep, Sobek and Serket (as son of Khnum and Neith)ConsortHathor, Sekhmet, Bastet and sometimes Satet7 more rows Who does RA fight every night? Who was the mother of Ra? Who are the 9 gods of Egypt? What is the difference between Horus and Ra? The eye of Ra represents the right eye, and the eye of Horus the left eye. Ra is the sun god, his power is quite close to the almighty gods of the monotheistic religions. … The difference is that the eye of Ra is drawn as a right eye, while the eye of Horus is drawn as the left eye of Horus. How was Ra born? What does eye of Ra mean? The Eye of Ra or Eye of Re is a being in ancient Egyptian mythology that functions as a feminine counterpart to the sun god Ra and a violent force that subdues his enemies. … The Eye goddess acts as mother, sibling, consort, and daughter of the sun god. Was Ra good or evil? Who is the most evil Egyptian god? How did Atum die? Ra represented the rising sun and Atum the setting sun. As Re-Atum, he would die at dusk and pass through the underworld overnight, like the sun setting on the horizon and disappearing. What is RA secret name? How did ISIS trick RA? In this tale, Isis forms a clay snake with spittle dribbled by the ageing sun-god, the creator Ra. When the snake bites Ra, only Isis can save him, but she does this only when Ra reveals his secret name to her. He does this on condition that she reveal it only to her son Horus. Why was Athena a virgin? What animal is RA? Sometimes Ra is shown in animal form; most commonly, Ra is shown as a hawk, but sometimes also a beetle, lion, ram, or snake, as all of these were considered powerful animals in ancient Egypt. Was Anubis evil? What was Ra’s real name?
'No one eureka moment': U of A virologist describes decade of work that led to a Nobel Prize win The University of Alberta virologist to become the first Canadian-based medical researcher to win the Nobel Prize since Frederic Banting and John Macleod in 1923 says his team steadily worked in steps, with no single “eureka” moment. Dr. Michael Houghton, 69, claimed the Nobel Prize in medicine earlier this month alongside two U.S. scientists for work that led to the discovery of the hepatitis C virus in the 1980s. Houghton has been director of the University of Alberta’s Li Ka Shing applied virology institute since 2013, after he secured a Canada Excellence in Research Chair position. But it is his work performed over a decade in the 1980s that made Houghton a household name among the virologist community. After earning his PhD in England, Houghton landed a role at the U.S.-based biotech company, Chiron. It was there he was tasked to identify the virus that was then known as non-A, non-B hepatitis. Story continues below “At that time in 1982, if you had a blood transfusion in the United States and Canada, there was around a five to seven per cent chance you would come out of surgery, after blood transfusion, with non-A, non-B hepatitis,” said Houghton. Hepatitis C is currently attributed to 400,000 deaths worldwide annually. If left untreated, it can cause cirrhosis in the liver and in some cases, cancer. Houghton and his team tried a variety of different virology methods to identify the virus that was behind the new string of hepatitis. They attempted to culture the virus similar to how HIV was managed, tried to find antibodies in hepatitis patients and compared it to various mosquito-borne diseases. Nothing worked. “It was really groping around in the dark, looking for a needle in the haystack,” said Houghton. They began working with teams from around the world to look at infected blood from chimpanzees and patients in a method called expression screening. Over two years, they looked at millions of samples of cloned DNA taken from infected livers. They eventually identified a tiny clone they believed was from the virus. “We realized from the (DNA) sequence that well, this is a new virus … there’s nothing really very similar to this in all the viruses that we know of,” said Houghton. The clone led to a larger chain and eventually Houghton’s team was able to publish a groundbreaking paper labelling the virus as hepatitis C. “We screened hundreds of millions of clones during that seven years and we found just one little small one. But that was it, that was now our molecular handle, with that we could characterize our whole genome and the field of hep C started,” said Houghton. “There was no, one eureka moment, we steadily build up evidence.” Story continues below After the virus was identified, it took another three years to to eliminate it from the world’s blood supply. In the years following, various drugs were created to stop the symptoms of hepatitis C, with very few side effects. Houghton is now working with his team in Edmonton to create a vaccine to stop the spread of hepatitis C worldwide. “The WHO, World Health Organization, estimates that there’s two to three million infections still every year around the world. In Canada, there’s up to 12,000 new infections every year,” said Houghton. Houghton’s team in Alberta is currently manufacturing a vaccine, working through the process to have it approved for human use. When that is complete, billions of dollars will be saved in health-care costs. “It’s 10- to 100-fold less expensive to vaccinate high-risk groups than it is to treat them with these expensive antivirals,” said Houghton. COVID-19 pandemic highlights need for vaccines Now, with a $750,000 federal grant, Houghton is working on a vaccine for the virus behind COVID-19. He believes there will be a need for multiple vaccines in order to curb the worldwide pandemic. There are currently two vaccines being produced, one in Oxford and one by a company called Moderna. Both are now being tested. Those will give the population short-term immunity but long-term immunity will require a third immunization, believes Houghton, maybe even a annual vaccination to keep antibodies up. COVID-19, he adds, has highlighted the importance of being prepared for epidemics and the need to develop vaccines for a number of viruses. “All governments and all citizens of the world are now very well aware that we can have these terrible epidemics. And so I think, really COVID has taught us that we have to be better prepared in the future,” said Houghton. This Week in Flyers
Next: Reading Files, Previous: Invoking Gawk, Up: Top [Contents][Index] 3 Regular Expressions A regular expression, or regexp, is a way of describing a set of strings. Because regular expressions are such a fundamental part of awk programming, their format and use deserve a separate chapter. A regular expression enclosed in slashes (‘/’) is an awk pattern that matches every input record whose text belongs to that set. The simplest regular expression is a sequence of letters, numbers, or both. Such a regexp matches any string that contains that sequence. Thus, the regexp ‘foo’ matches any string containing ‘foo’. Thus, the pattern /foo/ matches any input record containing the three adjacent characters ‘fooanywhere in the record. Other kinds of regexps let you specify more complicated classes of strings. Initially, the examples in this chapter are simple. As we explain more about how regular expressions work, we present more complicated instances. Regexp Usage How to Use Regular Expressions. Escape Sequences How to write nonprinting characters. Regexp Operators Regular Expression Operators. Bracket Expressions What can go between ‘[...]’. Leftmost Longest How much text matches. Computed Regexps Using Dynamic Regexps. GNU Regexp Operators Operators specific to GNU software. Case-sensitivity How to do case-insensitive matching. Regexp Summary Regular expressions summary.
Question: What Is A Square Root Of 15? Is 16 a SURD? To simplify a surd, write the number under the root sign as the product of two factors, one of which is the largest perfect square. Note that the factor 16 is the largest perfect square. Recall that the numbers 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, … are perfect squares.. What does square root of? A square root of a number is a value that, when multiplied by itself, gives the number. Example: 4 × 4 = 16, so a square root of 16 is 4. … The symbol is √ which always means the positive square root. What is the reciprocal of 17 by 15? Answer: 15/17 is the reciprocal of 17/15. What is the square number of? Is 15 a natural number? What is the value of Root 15? numbersquaresqrt152253.873162564.000172894.123183244.24346 more rows Why is the square root of 15 Irrational? By the above, any rational root must be an integer (u divides 15, while v divides 1). But √15 isn’t an integer, so it is irrational. This is getting really old. … If n is a positive integer that is not a square of an integer, then √n is irrational. What is the square root of 15 as a fraction? Square root of 15, which is 15^(1/2) can be simplified into surds form,like 5^(1/2) * 3^(1/2). Is 15 rational or irrational? Answer and Explanation: The number 15 is a rational number. It is an integer and all integers are rational numbers. A rational number is one which can be written as a… How do you rationalize square roots? Rationalize the DenominatorMultiply Both Top and Bottom by a Root. Sometimes we can just multiply both top and bottom by a root: Example: … Multiply Both Top and Bottom by the Conjugate. There is another special way to move a square root from the bottom of a fraction to the top … we multiply both top and bottom by the conjugate of the denominator. What is the square root of 15 simplified? 15=3×5 has no square factors, so √15 cannot be simplified. It is not expressible as a rational number. It is an irrational number a little less than 4 . Is square root of 15 a rational number? Answer and Explanation: The square root of 15 is not a rational number. What is the value of root 4? Square Root From 1 to 50NumberSquare Root Value31.7324252.23662.44946 more rows Is 27 a square root? Explanation: 27 is not a perfect square so it does it have an exact square root. Which is the square root of 225? The positive square root of 225 is 15 because 152 = 225. How do you find a square root? Examples.Finding square roots of of numbers that aren’t perfect squares without a calculator.Example: Calculate the square root of 10 ( ) to 2 decimal places.Find the two perfect square numbers it lies between.Divide 10 by 3. … Average 3.33 and 3. ( … Repeat step 2: 10/3.1667 = 3.1579.More items… How do you simplify square roots without a calculator? Use a process of averaging.Then, divide your number by one of those square root numbers. Take the answer, and find the average of it and the number you divided by (average is just the sum of those two numbers divided by two). … Sound complicated? … Check your work by multiplying your answer (in this case 3.1623) by itself. Is 15 a square number? The first fifteen square numbers are: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196 and 225. What is the square of 15? 225Squared NumbersNumberMultiplied by itselfSquare1212×121441313×131691414×141961515×152254 more rows
In John Updike's short story A&P, the narrator Sammy has been ogling a group of customers at the A&P store: But when McMahon does the same, Sammy feels sorry: The girls had reached the meat counter and were asking McMahon something. He pointed, they pointed, and they shuffled out of sight behind a pyramid of Diet Delight peaches. All that was left for us to see was old McMahon patting his mouth and looking after them sizing up their joints. Poor kids, I began to feel sorry for them, they couldn't help it. Why does Sammy feel sorry after seeing McMahon is making eyes at the girls, while Sammy himself was enjoying making eyes at them? • 1 Sometimes the point of a story like that is for you to work out why a character behaves that way. – DJClayworth Aug 23 '19 at 0:50 It could be that he didn't realize it was inappropriate until he saw someone else do it. It is a known behavior of humans to judge oneself less harshly than judging others. Sometimes seeing someone else doing a behavior casts it into a new light and it could seem different than when you did the same thing earlier. What makes Sammy think: "Poor kids, I began to feel sorry for them, they couldn't help it" has nothing to do with his own reaction. It isn't only Sammy and McMahon that were entranced by the situation. Everyone in the store was too, male or female: The sheep [other customers] pushing their carts down the aisle […] were pretty hilarious. You could see them, when Queenie's white shoulders dawned on them, kind of jerk, or hop, or hiccup, but their eyes snapped back to their own baskets and on they pushed. I bet you could set off dynamite in an A&P and the people would by and large keep reaching and checking oatmeal off their lists and muttering "Let me see, there was a third thing, began with A, asparagus, no, ah, yes, applesauce!" or whatever it is they do mutter. But there was no doubt, this jiggled them. A few house-slaves in pin curlers even looked around after pushing their carts past to make sure what they had seen was correct. You know, it's one thing to have a girl in a bathing suit down on the beach, where what with the glare nobody can look at each other much anyway, and another thing in the cool of the A&P, under the fluorescent lights, against all those stacked packages, with her feet paddling along naked over our checkerboard green-and-cream rubber-tile floor. The girls are so out of place here that it's impossible for anyone not to notice and react. In particular, the Manager finally notices them: He comes over and says, "Girls, this isn't the beach." "But this isn't the beach." His repeating this struck me as funny, as if it had just occurred to him, and he had been thinking all these years the A&P was a great big dune and he was the head lifeguard. He didn't like my smiling — as I say he doesn't miss much — but he concentrates on giving the girls that sad Sunday-school-superintendent stare. Queenie's blush is no sunburn now, "That makes no difference," Lengel tells her, and I could see from the way his eyes went that he hadn't noticed she was wearing a two-piece before. "We want you decently dressed when you come in here." "We are decent," Queenie says suddenly, her lower lip pushing, getting sore […] Sammy feels sorry because of the "they couldn't help it" aspect, their being so clueless about the situation they had created. That is why, despite their naïvely causing embarrassment to everyone in the store, he reacts when the Manager deliberately causes embarrassment to them. Now here comes the sad part of the story, at least my family says it's sad but I don't think it's sad myself. Your Answer
Meaning of slee. It's a good alternative to the much more frequently used name of James (which can also be used as a nickname for Jameson). What does fleece mean? Information and translations of slee in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. So Jezebel sent a messenger to Elijah to say, “May the gods deal with me, be it ever so severely, if by this time tomorrow I do not make your life like that of one of them.” Elijah was afraid and ran for his life. Cited Source. \| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Learn more. The narrator feels apologetic for getting carried away and deviating from the topic. How unique is the name Fleas? Pronunciation /fliː/ See synonyms for flee. Learn more. Information and translations of fleece in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on … To cover with or as if with feathers. flay definition: 1. to remove the skin from a person's or animal's body 2. to whip a person or animal so hard that…. Translations in context of "flees" in English-French from Reverso Context: The Commissioner is quickly attacked and flees. Definition of fleece in the dictionary. es Plague, infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis, a bacterium transmitted from rodents to humans by the bite of infected fleas. Checkout these phrases that may be related to the word 'flea-pit' saw-pit 1. kumala savesta song meaning in English. Video shows what camouflage means. Learn more. Look it up now! Kannada Meaning of 'flea-pit' No direct kannada meaning for the english word 'flea-pit' has been found. Information and translations of feels in the most comprehensive dictionary definitions resource on the web. ‘Our weekends are typically filled with flea market food tastings, mimosa-soaked brunches, and intimate meals at creative Brooklyn hotspots serving things like fried kale, creamy risotto, and creatively flavored artisan ice cream.’ ‘The focus is on producing high quality artisan cheeses in an eco-friendly way.’ Unobtrusive definition: If you describe something or someone as unobtrusive , you mean that they are not easily... \| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Annayya- (in Kannada) a respectful term for an elder Flea-pestered dog- A flea- pestered dog does not stick to one place but keeps roaming everywhere.Flea-pestered means being infested by fleas and ticks which can cause uncontrollable itching in animals. Thanks for using this online dictionary, we have been helping millions of people improve their us Palum Pazhamum (pronounced [paːlɯm paɻamɯm]; transl. Plague has caused some of the most-devastating epidemics in history. Flee Flee fly Flee fly flo Vista Coomalah, coomalah, coomalah vista Oh no no no, not the vista Eeny meeny decimeeny, oo-ah loo-ah lameeny Eximeeny zalimeeny oo-ah loo-ah Ah beat belly oh bo bo do ba dee-bah Shhhhhhh! 3. Furthest definition: Furthest means to a greater extent or degree than ever before or than anything or anyone... \| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples The film was a hit at the box office. This will allow states to open economy in parts. Elijah Flees to Horeb - Now Ahab told Jezebel everything Elijah had done and how he had killed all the prophets with the sword. 2. A disguise or covering up.. flea - tamil meaning of தௌ்ளுப்பூச்சி உண்ணி வெறுக்கத்தக்க இழிவான சிறிய உயிரினம். Coronavirus Zones and their meanings: COVID-19 containment plan: States will now be allowed to decide the Red, Green and Orange zones as per guidelines issued by the Ministry of Home Affairs. verb flees, fleeing, fled [no object] 1 Run away from a place or situation of danger. Flees meaning in Urdu: بھاگنا - bhagna meaning, Definition Synonyms at English to Urdu dictionary gives you the best and accurate urdu translation and meanings of Flees and bhagna Meaning. Meaning of feels. ಗರಗಸದ-ಹುಂಡಿ 2. 2. ಫಿರಂಗಿ ಗುಣಿ 2. Definition of feels in the dictionary. Kidding definition: facetiousness; joking \| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples More Kannada words for saint. Home ; English to Tamil; Tamil to English; Tamil Unicode; Tamil Normal; Tamil Stylish; Top 20; Tamil Meaning of Flea. Flies definition at, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. Bangla meaning of flea … paw definition: 1. the foot of an animal that has claws or nails, such as a cat, dog, or bear: 2. a human hand…. 1. Learn more. Definition of slee in the dictionary. shrivel definition: 1. to become dry, smaller, and covered with lines as if by crushing or folding, or to make…. Tamil Meaning of Flea Thanks for using this online dictionary, we have been helping millions of people improve their use of the TAMIL language with its free online services. Pilaf definition: Pilaf is the same as → pilau . See more. Meaning of flee in English: flee. What does slee mean? Origin and Meaning of Fleas Submit the origin and/or meaning of Fleas to us below. Fleas Means. What does feels mean? The act of disguising.. Archaic To provide (an arrow) with feathers. To raise (a young bird) until it is ready to leave the nest: a pair of ducks that fledged several young. ಕುಳಿ flea-pit ಸಂತೆ gun-pit 1. Seduce definition: If something seduces you, it is so attractive that it makes you do something that you... \| Meaning, pronunciation, translations and examples Milk and Fruit) is a 1961 Indian Tamil-language film directed by A. Bhimsingh.The film stars Sivaji Ganesan and B. Saroja Devi.The film, produced by G. N. Velumani under Saravana Films, had musical score by Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy and was released on 9 September 1961. grumpy definition: 1. easily annoyed and complaining: 2. easily annoyed and complaining: 3. being in a slightly…. ಸಂತ : Santa sainthood: ದ್ಯವೀಶಕ್ತಿ noun: Dyavīśakti saint: ದೇವಪ್ರಿಯ: Dēvapriya sainthood: ಸಂತನ: Santana saint, saintly: ಸಂತತನ: Santatana saint, sanctitude, saintliness: ಸಂತೆ: Sante saint, fair, bazzar, flea-pit: Find more words! Submit. Wiktionary plural of flea; fleas was also found in the following language(s): Latin. PLAGUE meaning in kannada, PLAGUE pictures, PLAGUE pronunciation, PLAGUE translation,PLAGUE definition are included in the result of PLAGUE meaning in kannada at, a free online English kannada Picture dictionary. Fun Facts about the name Fleas. To grow the plumage necessary for flight. submit another response meaning in kannada, In another event, on 5 February 2010, while promoting My Name Is Khan on the British talk show Friday Night with Jonathan Ross, Khan claimed that female security staff at Heathrow Airport in London had printed a naked image of him taken using the newly installed body scanner that he was asked to go through. v.intr. Bangla Meaning of Flea Thanks for using this online dictionary, we have been helping millions of people improve their use of the bangla language with its free online services. Translate flee into Spanish. Incoming Search. Meaning of fleece. determination definition: 1. the ability to continue trying to do something, although it is very difficult: 2. the process…. Learn more. Sourcing definition, the buying of components of a product from an outside supplier, often one located abroad: Foreign sourcing in the auto industry has eliminated jobs. Jameson was originally a last name meaning "son of James," but is now also a dignified-sounding first name. Back to Top. Flea Seed meaning and translation in Malayalam, Tamil, Kannada, Telugu, Hindi, Bengali, Gujarati, Marati, Oriya and Punjabi \| It was the disease behind the Black Death of the 14th century, … Tamil meaning of Flea is … Origin of Fleas . Translations in context of "flees" in English-Italian from Reverso Context: If the body dies, then it flees. 1. While the name is a distinguished and powerful one, it can be a bit formal, especially for a baby, so shorter and cuter nicknames are a must!
The human body is truly a fascinating and complex creation of our Maker. Because of the complexity and variability, many of its workings were little known until recent years. Some of the more amazing facts of the circulatory system follow. If the individual blood vessels of a single adult, i.e., artery, arteriole capillary, venule and vein, were laid end to end, they would extend more than 60,000 miles. For the average adult, the heart beats 70 times per minute; for the well-conditioned athlete, 50-60 beats per minute; and for the extraordinary athlete, as few as 37 times per minute. The volume of blood pumped per beat is approximately 80ml, which is equivalent to 5-6 liters quarts) of fluid per minute. During heavy exercise, it may increase to over 30 quarts per minute. The volume of blood pumped is approximately 5000-6000 quarts per day during more than 1000 cycles of the total blood supply of approximately 10 pints in the average human. Another point of interest is the ability of the arterioles to constrict, thereby decreasing the flow of blood to the skin to as little as 1 per cent of its normal value. This is done to preserve blood temperature at 37° Centigrade and is called vasoconstriction. Within the venous system, the body's blood gathering network, there is a tremendous redundancy of paths all leading back to the heart because of a system of valving that allows blood flow in one direction only. Should one path become closed or impaired, there is always another to be taken. The venous system will be explained in more detail in later paragraphs. The above information is summarized from the writings of Langely (1) and Nourse (2). College and Department Mechanical Engineering Date Submitted Document Type Veins, Electronics in biology
How old is the ancient Egyptian number system? How old is the ancient Egyptian number system? Egyptian Numbers: The ancient Egyptians used symbols to represent numbers, similar to Roman numerals. They did not use the same numerals that we use in mathematics today, but rather had their own system using symbols that were meaningful to them. Answer and Explanation: Become a member to unlock this answer! Create your account View this answer The ancient Egyptian number system was developed around 3000 BCE, which makes it over 5,000 years old. The Egyptian system was base ten, such as the... See full answer below. Learn more about this topic: Egyptian Achievements: Unification, Pyramids, Hieroglyphics & Calendar Chapter 3 / Lesson 7 In this lesson, we will discuss some of the major achievements of ancient Egypt, including its unification by King Menes, the pyramids, hieroglyphics, and the Egyptian calendar. Related to this Question Explore our homework questions and answers library
Per diem Last updated Per diem (Latin for "per day" or "for each day") or daily allowance is a specific amount of money that an organization gives an individual, typically an employee, per day to cover living expenses when travelling on the employer's business. A per diem payment can cover part or all of the expenses incurred. For example, it may include an accommodation allowance or it may only cover meals (with actual accommodation costs reimbursed separately or be prepaid). Travel, particularly by motor vehicles, is often reimbursed at a rate determined only by distance travelled, e.g., the US business mileage reimbursement rate. Fixed per diem (and per mile) rates eliminate the need for employees to prepare, and employers to scrutinise, a detailed expense report with supporting receipts to document amounts spent while travelling on business. Instead, employers pay employees a standard daily rate without regard to actual expenditure. In some countries, the income tax code specifies a maximum daily allowance: although an employer may pay a higher rate, the excess is subject to income tax. United Kingdom United States U.S. companies and organizations use the per diem rate guide published by the General Services Administration which provides rates for a number of cities in the Continental United States. [4] For locations in the US outside the continental US, including Alaska, Hawaii and the US territories and possessions, per Diem rates are published by the Per Diem, Travel and Transportation Allowance Committee (also known as the Per Diem Committee or PDTATAC).[ citation needed ] For all foreign locations, per Diem rates are established by the Department of State. Per diem is understood to include the additional expenses incurred living away from home—basically the need to have two residences. [5] The GSA establishes per diem rates within the Continental United States for hotels "based upon contractor-provided average daily rate (ADR) data of fire-safe properties in the local lodging industry"; [6] this means that per diem varies depending on the location of the hotel—for instance, New York City has a higher rate than Gadsden, Alabama. [7] To qualify for a per diem, work-related business activity generally requires an overnight stay. The IRS code does not specify a number of miles. However, based on case precedent and IRS rulings, it is commonly accepted that an overnight stay must genuinely be required and actually occurs, to justify payment of per diem allowance. [8] The purpose of the per diem payment (or the deduction of expenses when inadequate reimbursements are provided) is to alleviate the burden on taxpayers whose business or employment travel creates duplicated expenses. The US military pays its members per diem in accordance with the Joint Travel Regulations. [9] According to these regulations, the first and last days of travel are paid 75% of the daily General Services Administration, PDTATAC, or DOS rate, while all other days of travel receive the full rate. [10] The JTR also states that lodging taxes for CONUS and non foreign OCONUS are a reimbursable expense but requires a receipt. [11] The JTR also follows the 'expenses below $75 do not require a receipt' rule, established by the Internal Revenue Service although local disbursing officers may question charges they feel may be false.[ citation needed ] Due to the large number of away games and associated travel days in American sports, per diem rates are often major components in collective bargaining agreements between leagues and their players' unions. As of 2016, the NBA has the highest per-diem for players at $115 per day, followed by the NHL whose per-diem began at a base of $100/day in 2012–13 and is adjusted each year based on changes in the US Consumer Price Index. Minor pro and collegiate athletes also receive meal money for overnight trips, usually paid as a rate set by the league or university they are affiliated with. As athlete salaries have risen, per diems have occasionally become a contentious issue when negotiating CBAs: for instance, in 2016 Major League Baseball slashed allowances from $100/day to $35/day, citing high salaries and teams now providing pre- and post-game food to players on the road as their rationale. [14] Contract law Per diem clauses may be used in contracts to specify penalty accruals. Such wording would be found in reference to the expected closing date for a real estate contract, typically compensating a seller for a buyer's lack of expedience.[ citation needed ]. Per Diem Allowance Generally a per diem allowance covers: In Germany, per diem allowance are calculated in accordance with the provisions of the German Income Tax Act [16] The Act sets out the per diem amounts that must be paid based on the location the temporary location a worker is visiting and the duration of stay. The rates are reviewed and normally increased on an annual basis. Reimbursement of travel expenses must be claimed within six months of travel (beginning with the first day following completion of your journey). Travel expenses cannot be claimed after this period. Per Diem Allowance There are different rules for travel within the country and international trips. For domestic business trips spanning more than one day, employees receive €28 (was €24 until 31/12/2019) for every 24 hours that they are away from their home and primary workplace and € 14 (was €12 until 31/12/2019) for the day of departure and arrival, if the employee does not spend the night at their home. For single-day trips employees receive €14 (was €12 until 31/12/2019) for the calendar day if the employee spends at least 8 hours away from their home or primary workplace. If the trip is outside of Germany the amount varies by country (and in some cases city). Section 5(2)(a) of the Kenya Income Tax Act imposes tax on subsistence, travelling, entertainment or other allowances received by an employee in respect of employment or services rendered. However, where the Commissioner is satisfied that the amounts so received “solely represent reimbursement” to the employee, the same shall not be chargeable to tax. “Per diem” refers to payments in respect of subsistence, travelling, entertainment and other allowances made by an employer to his employee while the employee is on official duties outside his usual station of work. Where per diem solely represents reimbursement, a person shall furnish supporting evidence to the Commissioner, provided that where the amount does not exceed two thousand shillings per day, no such supporting evidence shall be required. However, the organisation can seek the Commissioner’s opinion regarding the admissibility of any per diem scales (or any other rates) prior to or after payment, in which case, the per diem amount shall not be taxable on the employee. The opinion shall be accompanied with factors that influence the per diem rate and justification for the rates used including: the cost of living in different geographical zones or localities within the country and overseas travel, where applicable. United Nations Development Programme See also Related Research Articles Tax deduction is a reduction of income that is able to be taxed and is commonly a result of expenses, particularly those incurred to produce additional income. Tax deductions are a form of tax incentives, along with exemptions and credits. The difference between deductions, exemptions and credits is that deductions and exemptions both reduce taxable income, while credits reduce tax. National Insurance Tax and benefit system in the United Kingdom National Insurance (NI) is a fundamental component of the welfare state in the United Kingdom. It acts as a form of social security, since payment of NI contributions establishes entitlement to certain state benefits for workers and their families. A pay-as-you-earn tax (PAYE), or pay-as-you-go (PAYG) in Australia and the United States, is a withholding tax on income payments to employees. Amounts withheld are treated as advance payments of income tax due. They are refundable to the extent they exceed tax as determined on tax returns. PAYE may include withholding the employee portion of insurance contributions or similar social benefit taxes. In most countries, they are determined by employers but subject to government review. PAYE is deducted from each paycheck by the employer and must be remitted promptly to the government. Most countries refer to income tax withholding by other terms, including pay-as-you-go tax. A company's payroll is the list of employees of that company that are entitled to receive pay and the amounts that each should receive. Along with the amounts that each employee should receive for time worked or tasks performed, payroll can also refer to a company's records of payments that were previously made to employees, including salaries and wages, bonuses, and withheld taxes, or the company's department that calculates and pays out these amounts. One way that payroll can be handled is in-house. This means that a company handles all aspects of the payroll process on its own, including timesheets, calculating wages, producing pay checks, sending the ACH, or Automated Clearing House, for any direct deposits, and remitting any tax payments necessary. Payroll can also be outsourced to a full-service payroll processing company. When a company chooses to outsource their payroll, timesheets, wage calculations, creating pay checks, direct deposits, and tax payments can be handled all, or in part, by the payroll company. Employee benefits Non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to normal wages or salaries Employee benefits and benefits in kind include various types of non-wage compensation provided to employees in addition to their normal wages or salaries. Instances where an employee exchanges (cash) wages for some other form of benefit is generally referred to as a "salary packaging" or "salary exchange" arrangement. In most countries, most kinds of employee benefits are taxable to at least some degree. Examples of these benefits include: housing furnished or not, with or without free utilities; group insurance ; disability income protection; retirement benefits; daycare; tuition reimbursement; sick leave; vacation ; social security; profit sharing; employer student loan contributions; conveyancing; domestic help (servants); and other specialized benefits. Health Reimbursement Account is an incorrect, but commonly used name for a Health Reimbursement Arrangement (HRA), a type of US employer-funded health benefit plan that reimburses employees for out-of-pocket medical expenses and, in limited cases, to pay for health insurance plan premiums. Reimbursement is the act of compensating someone for an out-of-pocket expense by giving them an amount of money equal to what was spent. Travel and subsistence expenses describe the cost of spending on business travel, meals, hotels, sundry items such as laundry and similar ad hoc expenditures. These reimbursements often have tax and related implications, and vary depending on the country of the business. The business mileage reimbursement rate is an optional standard mileage rate used in the United States for purposes of computing the allowable business deduction, for Federal income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code, at 26 U.S.C. § 162, for the business use of a vehicle. Under the law, the taxpayer for each year is generally entitled to deduct either the actual expense amount, or an amount computed using the standard mileage rate, whichever is greater. Foreign Service Specialists are direct-hire career employees of the United States Department of State and other foreign affairs agencies. They are members of the United States Foreign Service who provide important technical, support or administrative services in 19 career categories, including Diplomatic Security Agents, Doctors and Physician Assistants, Information Management Specialists, Office Management Specialists, Human Resource Specialists. They serve in over 290 Embassies or Consulates abroad, Washington, D.C. or other locations in the continental United States. Temporary duty assignment Temporary Duty Travel, also known as TDY Temporary duty travel (TDY), also known as "temporary additional duty" (TAD) in the Navy and Marine Corps or TDI for "temporary duty under instruction” refers to a United States Armed Forces Service member's or Department of Defense civilian employee's travel or other assignment at a location other than the traveler's permanent duty station as authorized by the Joint Travel Regulations. This type of secondment is usually of relatively short duration, typically from two days to 189 days in length. Not all agencies use this designation. An umbrella company is a company that employs agency contractors who work on temporary contract assignments, usually through a recruitment agency in the United Kingdom. Recruitment agencies prefer to issue contracts to a limited company as the agency liability would be reduced. It issues invoices to the recruitment agency and, when payment of the invoice is made, will typically pay the contractor through PAYE with the added benefit of offsetting some of the income through claiming expenses such as travel, meals, and accommodation. An expense account is the right to reimbursement of money spent by employees for work-related purposes. Some common expense accounts are: Cost of sales, utilities expense, discount allowed, cleaning expense, depreciation expense, delivery expense, income tax expense, insurance expense, interest expense, advertising expense, promotion expense, repairs expense, maintenance expense, rent expense, salaries and wages expense, transportation expense, supplies expense and refreshment expense. Commissioner v. Kowalski, 434 U.S. 77 (1977), is a decision of the United States Supreme Court relating to taxation of meals furnished by an employer. In this case, the Court interpreted Internal Revenue Code §119(a)-(b)(4) and (d) and Treas. Reg. §1.119-1. An employer in the United States may provide transportation benefits to their employees that are tax free up to a certain limit. Under the U.S. Internal Revenue Code section 132(a), the qualified transportation benefits are one of the eight types of statutory employee benefits that are excluded from gross income in calculating federal income tax. The qualified transportation benefits are transit passes, vanpooling, bicycling, and parking associated with these things. The Community Amateur Sports Club (CASC) scheme was introduced in 2002 by the then Labour government to support grass roots sport. The original legislation was drafted by Andrew Phillips. It recognises the importance of sport in the community by allowing local amateur sports clubs to register with HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) as a sports club rather than a business for rates and tax purposes. As such, clubs can benefit from a range of tax reliefs, including Gift Aid and rate relief. Both property and non-property owning clubs can significantly benefit from the scheme. 1. 1 2 HMRC: Employment income: scale rate expenses payments: accommodation and subsistence payments to employees travelling outside the UK 2. Warwick University, Human Resources - Payroll: Per Diem Rates (Countries A-C) 3. HMRC: EIM05200 - Employment income: scale rate expenses payments: general 4. "Per Diem Rates Overview", US GSA 5. "Frequently Asked Questions, Per Diem", GSA 6. GSA per diem FAQ 7. GSA: Per Diem Rates 8. Commissioner v. Flowers, 326 US 465 10. Chap 4; section a; Joint Federal Travel Regulations 11. Chap 4 Joint Federal Travel Regulations 12. "". Archived from the original on 2012-02-29. Retrieved 2009-03-24. 13. Internal Revenue Code 274(n)(3) 15. Kuepper H., Sumin E. "Travel & Business Expenses in Russian Accounting" (PDF). 16., Einkommensteuergesetz.
Why Does My Dog Bark at Nothing? Why Does My Dog Bark at Nothing? Dogs are very social and alert animals that try to communicate with their caregivers through many ways. One of the many is barking. Dogs may howl or bark when they want our attention, when meeting someone new, etc. However, some dogs may bark at absolutely nothing, leaving us wondering what exactly is going on. In this AnimalWised article we're going to explain why your dog barks at nothing. We'll also go through different causes and solutions. Continue reading to learn more! Why do the dogs bark? Barking is one of the most common vocalizations in dogs, since to a greater or lesser extent all dogs bark. Each dog also has their own peculiar way of barking. For example, Siberian huskies emit barks similar to howls, while Chihuahuas have a very different short and high-pitched bark. This peculiar sound is only characteristic of dogs, this is because their ancestors, such as wolves or coyotes, can't bark as adults. However, they do bark when they are young as it's a call for help when they're hungry, upset or hungry. This means that during the domestication process of the dog's ancestor (which is also the predecessor of today's wolves), dogs that retained their own attributes were selected and bred, a process known as neotenization. However, not all barking that dogs vocalize mean the same thing. For instance, the meaning of short barks and longer or barks or grunts have different meanings. Nevertheless, all barking is meant as communication. These are the main reasons for a dog's bark: • For attention, from their caregiver, another dog, etc. • To express they have detected something unknown on their territory. • Advise that they are about to defend themselves or their caregiver • Advise their caregiver of a possible danger • To express they are stressed or upset. • They're feeling happy or excited, perhaps when their caregiver comes home or they are about to go for a walk. • They're feeling lonely and need you company. To learn more about why dogs bark, we encourage you to watch our Youtube video below: Why does your dog bark at nothing? There are many reasons as to why a dog may bark at nothing, here are the most common causes: • Spotted an insect: dogs are very alert animals that may spot certain things we don't because we're busy with something else. However, many dogs are curious and territorial so they will be alert about anything that's happening in their home. So, if your dog is barking “at nothing”, they may actually be barking because they have spotted something new in their home. • Distant noises: dogs have a great sense of hearing. In fact, dogs can hear 4 times better than the average human hearing. Therefore, many times when our dogs are barking for no apparent reason, they might actually be hearing something we can't hear ourselves. • Attention: dogs can also randomly bark in order to communicate with us that they want our attention. This can be because they are lonely, found something interesting or want to warn you of a possible danger. • Frustration: if dogs are feeling frustrated they may grunt or bark to complain. If we're not aware of their frustration we may see it as random barking at nothing. • Bored: sometimes dogs will bark because they are bored. They'll want your attention so you can play with them or take them out on a walk. • Defending territory: dogs may also begin to bark in order to defend their territory. Some dogs do this when they see a new dog or person pass by the house, others may even do it out of boredom. This can also be the cause if you have other pets. • Compulsive barking: compulsive barking could also be the cause as to why your dog is barking at nothing. This is due to separation anxiety. Perhaps a member of the family isn't home anymore or even another pet, this will cause them to compulsively bark as a form of tolerating their anxiety. • Bad training: another reason why your dog may be barking at nothing, is that they've been trained from a young age that it's okay to bark whenever they want. • Health issue: lastly, your dog may be barking because they are in pain. This will relate back to a health issue they are experiencing. If this is the case, it's very important that you seek veterinary help as soon as possible. What to do if your dog barks at nothing If your dog is barking excessively, it's normal for you to worry as a caregiver. Thankfully, there are a number of things you can do to avoid your dog barking at nothing. Here are our tips: • Take them to the vet: it's best to rule out health issues first. If you truly think that your dog is barking at nothing, it's best to take them to the veterinarian for a check-up. This way, we can detect any health issue they may have early on before it becomes serious. • Help them feel relaxed: if your dog is feeling separation anxiety, it's best to try to keep them calm and stay with them when they are feeling this way so they know they are not alone. To learn more, read our article on how to calm your dog down. • Reeducate attention barking: if your dog is barking just to get attention, try not to pay attention to them when they bark (if you wish to reduce the barking). Instead, pay attention to them at all times, or at least when possible, in order to predict what needs aren't being met. They may be hungry, bored or lonely. • Eliminate potential triggers: once you have identified what triggers your dog to start barking, try to eliminate potential triggers. For example, if your dog barks because they hear noises from the neighbours, you can try closing the windows to reduce the noise. • Increase physical and mental stimulation: a common reason for dogs barking for no reason and at nothing is because they are feeling frustrated. By providing them with enough physical stimulation (through walks, playing catch, etc.) and mental stimulation (through training or interactive toys). Read more on our article about dog intelligence games at home. If you have tried these tips but your dog is still barking at nothing, we suggest taking them to a canine behaviour specialist. They will be able to best guide you towards solving these behavioural issues. If you want to read similar articles to Why Does My Dog Bark at Nothing?, we recommend you visit our Behavioral problems category. • Camps i Rabadá, J. (2000). Neotenization: Dogs come from wolves because of the human choice of their youthful attributes. Animalia: professional companion animal magazine, 124 pp. 44-48. ISSN 0214-3151.
Public And Permissioned Blockchains Cryptoswede has covered the blockchain in some extensive detail. In this article we are going to briefly explore the differences between a public and a permissioned blockchain. The two of them function in much the same manner. The primary difference rests in who has accces to the blockchain, who can view it, and who can make edits to it. Public Blockchains – Bitcoin Let’s use the most popular example of a blockchain to explain what a public blockchain is. The blockchain was first introduced in 2009 as the foundation of Bitcoin. The Bitcoin blockchain is a decentralized ledger that anyone can view at any time. It preserves a record of every Bitcoin transaction that has ever been made. In this type of blockchain anyone can participate. Any individual can view the Bitcoin blockchain, and anyone can become a miner and create a node. Anyone can create cryptographic keys to use Bitcoin, and anyone can also make alterations to the blockchain that are subject to some specific rules. There are incentives that are offered to encourage people to participate in a public blockchain. In exchange for helping keep the blockchain in order, individuals can receive a reward of Bitcoin when they successfully verify transactions and add them to the blockchain. Public blockchains depend upon a steady flow of network participants to keep the network running. Public blockchains are self-governed. There is no centralized authority that oversees the blockchain. Everyone is an equal participant. Permissioned Blockchains – Ripple A permissioned blockchain actually combines some elements of a public and a private blockchain. One of the most popular cryptocurrencies that supports this type of framework is Ripple. Ripple allows permission-based roles for its blockchain participants. In a permissioned blockchain there is the ability to assign permissions that allow certain individuals to perform certain activities. It is also true that a blockchain of this type could require the submission of identity documents in order to receive permission to access all functions. Permissions might include things like reading, writing, and accessing information on the blockchain. Businesses that are invested in developing their own blockchains are generally opting for the permissioned model. This allows them a measure of control that is more beneficial to their business operations. It allows the business to assign specific roles to anyone that is allowed access, and this means that the business can compartmentalize. About the Uses of Public and Permissioned Blockchains A public blockchain will forever be linked to Bitcoin and many other cryptocurrencies because of its deregulated and decentralized nature. One of the primary selling points of cryptocurrency has been that is designed to be autonomous and not beholden to any type of governing authority. Most new digital tokens that are being introduced continue to depend upon this type of model to make things work. As Bitcoin and blockchain technology have grown, so has the interest of the business world. Businesses may or may not have any interest in the creation of digital tokens to be used. What they want is a method of preserving data that is more secure. Because a business typically has many employees that are engaged in the operation of the business, it may not be feasible to provide access to sensitive information to all parties. For these organizations, a permissioned blockchain will be the standard moving forward. * Here at CryptoSwede you will find information on Crypto Mining the different cryptocurrencies as well as the best cryptocurrency exchanges. You can trade or you can set up trading bots instead and then store the crypto on crypto wallets. Later, spend them using crypto debit cards!* Leave a comment
Counselling Service - Alcoholism Counselling and Personal Development Service Alcoholism is the dependent relationship of a person to alcohol in expectation of a rewarding experience. Psychological, cultural, religious and social factors may affect both the patterns of alcohol use and the likelihood that alcohol problems will develop. The manner of the development of alcohol dependence varies from person to person in terms of the duration and pattern of alcohol use, the order of the appearance of symptoms, the extent of physical addiction and complications. Drinking may be a part of student social life. What is important is that each individual recognises how alcohol affects them - as it affects people differently - and takes responsibility for this. When does alcohol become a problem? Small ship on big seaThe intake of alcohol among the population in general can be represented as a continuum. At one end are â€œTeetotallersâ€ who never take alcohol. At the other end are â€œDependent Drinkersâ€ who abuse alcohol on a regular basis and expose themselves to the risk of dependence. A crucial fact in developing a harmful dependence is that it presupposes regular/heavy drinking. A prior history of non-problem drinking does not necessarily protect from the possible development of dependence which can be triggered by excessive use in the face of stress and adversity. On the extreme end of this continuum, a person uses alcohol to survive and feel normal rather than feel euphoric. In between the extremes are â€œSocial Drinkersâ€ and â€œHabitual Drinkersâ€. Social Drinkers are those who view consumption as a pleasurable experience. The key features of their pattern of consumption are choice and balance. Their desired end state is relaxation, with mild disinhibition and conviviality. Such drinkers avoid consumption when faced with stress or events requiring optimal performance. Habitual Drinkers are alcohol abusers. They use it to achieve rapid relaxation but they do not necessarily see it as a means to achieving an emotional or personality change. Their drinking may impact on their ability to drive, work and their personal relationships. They can eliminate alcohol use without undue difficulty if required so while they are heavy drinkers they would not be described as alcohol dependent. What are the basic symptoms of alcohol dependence? There are a number including: • Elevated Tolerance The person apparently functions normally following consumption of amounts of alcohol that would be toxic for a non-drinker. S/he has a need for a markedly increased amount of alcohol to achieve the desired affect. • Blackouts Temporary memory loss occurs where the person has been able to function but is unable to recall details of behaviour and this happens on a regular basis. • Euphoric Recall This is produced by the initial relaxing feeling of alcohol use and is subsequently used as a defence mechanism. It provides a firm boost to the denial system of a dependent drinker as s/he associates drinking with a sense of enjoyment despite adverse consequences in reality. • Emotional Compulsion / Mental Obsession The person experiences growing anticipation for and preoccupation with the use of alcohol and begins to change their lifestyle which now revolves around alcohol. There is a rigid regularity about use and the activity is allocated priority status. • Loss of Choice Elevated tolerance combined with emotional compulsion lead to loss of choice. The person begins to experience loss of control over alcohol and becomes unable to predict the outcome once s/he begins using. The dependence process It is recognised that regardless of a person's psychological and social functioning or exposure to stressors, prior to drinking, the dependence process itself imposes a behavioural and emotional dysfunction. This has the following characteristics: 1. Alcohol is used in order to provide either avoidance or relief of painful emotion or the experience of euphoria. 2. The person behaves in ways that violate his or her value system. Formerly central relationships, tasks and interests become secondary to alcohol use. 3. The conflict between the normal values and behaviour of the person and the new behaviour (e.g. evasion of responsibilities, unwillingness to reciprocate in emotional relationships, manipulation) creates intense emotional pain. Feelings of shame, guilt, self-hatred, powerlessness and lowered self-esteem become chronic and further reinforce the drinking response. As the reaction of others is usually negative, alcohol becomes the preferred method of restoring emotional normality and the person increasingly alienates his or her support system. At this stage the alcohol dependent person experiences a deterioration of his or her health, emotional stability and interpersonal relationships and even a loss of the desire to live. 4. The person is unconsciously motivated to use several psychological defence mechanisms in order to resolve conflict. In essence, the conflict is not really resolved but removed from conscious awareness. These defences serve two primary purposes: • To protect the addiction; by denying, blaming, rationalising, attacking. The person protects his/her relationship with alcohol from any external threat. • To protect his or her self-esteem; the person uses repression, projection and displacement. This loss of insight becomes a growing delusion, or sense of being â€œout of touch with realityâ€. It accounts for the person's distorted perception, impaired judgement and inability to recognise the addiction. It also explains why an alcohol dependent person is so unlikely to seek help spontaneously. Additional signs of problematic alcohol use are tardiness and absenteeism at work, lying, mood swings, alcoholic breath, slurred speech, poor coordination, neglect of physical appearance, aggression, legal problems (including traffic violations, fighting, and disorderly conduct), and impairment in attention or short term memory. If someone close to you has an alcoholic problemâ€¦ 1. Eliminate any sense of personal responsibility for the causation of the problem and accept your powerlessness to stop his/her excessive drinking. Allow him or her to take responsibility for his or her own actions. 2. See yourself as an important source of influence in the life of the person with the problem. By stopping attempts to control him/her, you can regain influence. 3. Eliminate hopelessness: change is possible with some effort from all sides. 4. Refuse to protect the addiction through elimination false loyalty to the dependent person. You can be most effective if you take care of yourself and work towards getting him or her into treatment. 5. Stop hiding the problem from family and friends out of a sense of loyalty to the dependent person, especially if you value their support. 6. Take emotional support for yourself. The goals of treatment Optimal treatment takes into consideration both the psychological dynamics and the physiological factors. Therapy targets three main areas: • Abstinence • Personal Growth • Change in Lifestyle Often other family members also need to be involved in the therapy process. During the first twelve months after detoxification, the individual is particularly vulnerable to having a relapse. Some more help? The following reading may be helpful: Beattie, M (1987) Co-Dependent no more New York : Hazelden Johnson, V (1990) I'll quit tomorrow New York : Harper and Row Ward, Y (1983) A bottle in the cupboard Dublin : Attic Press Remember The Counselling and Personal Development Service is here to help - so if you need us, please phone 700 5165 or email Complied by Vicky Panoutsakopoulou (DCU Counselling Service) and Catherine Bolger (TCD Counselling Service). Edited by Catherine Breathnach.
Words of Wisdom: Provide a Valid Definition of Theological Ethics and Provide Some Examples of Key Gender Related Ethical Issues and Contexts? • Date Submitted: 03/20/2013 04:52 AM • Flesch-Kincaid Score: 50 • Words: 1947 • Essay Grade: no grades • Report this Essay DONE BY KAYLA BENADIE 1. Provide a valid definition of Theological Ethics and provide some examples of key gender related ethical issues and contexts? (33 marks) (600 words). Ethics is a critical, philosophical study of moral choices, that is, that effect the well-being of human and other sentient forms of life. Choices may, or may not have an ethical dimension, for example: my decision to use money from the grocery budget to buy clothes, could have an ethical dimension, if money was tight. Moral choices are justified, and supported with good reason, in different ways. Different, moral positions attempt to express the broader moral perspectives and visions that people acquire in various ways. Ethics is the disciplined reflection of thinking towards and action, and not just performing the action. Theology thus refers to our disciplined reflections upon reality that we know and understand by faith. Questions are asked about the relation between this kind of reflection and that of ethics, but these questions are not quite what they seem. It puts it to us in terms of the relation to intellectual disciplines, to how reflections on God may relate to practical thinking in your daily life. Everything that I have just mentioned basically states that ethics is reflective and critical: it does not attempt to codify commonly accepted beliefs concerning moral questions, but attempts to find the grounds for reasonable moral beliefs. Morality works with ethics in every way, because it helps us to see and realise that without morality, there can be no ethical behaviour. Morality is the compliance to the standards and rules of moral and virtuous conduct, meaning following through with what is right and good. To obtain and live a fully moral, ethical and virtuous life, one needs to understand that there is more to life than that one person. We begin to learn from a very young age, that morality begins with the elaboration of the discovery of, and that something greater than... 1. No comments
E-waste in the EU: facts and figures (infographic) E-waste is the fastest growing waste stream in the EU and less than 40% is recycled. Check out the facts and figures in our infographics. Electronic devices and electrical equipment define modern life. From washing machines and vacuum cleaners to smartphones and computers, it is hard to imagine life without them. But the waste they generate has become an obstacle to EU efforts to reduce its ecological footprint. Read more to find out how the EU is tackling e-waste in its move towards a more circular economy. What is e-waste? Electronic and electrical waste, or e-waste, covers a variety of different products that are thrown away after use. Large household appliances, such as washing machines and electric stoves, are the most collected, making up more than half of all collected e-waste. This is followed by IT and telecommunications equipment (laptops, printers), consumer equipment and photovoltaic panels (video cameras, fluorescent lamps) and small household appliances (vacuum cleaners, toasters). All other categories, such as electrical tools and medical devices, together make up just 7.2% of the collected e-waste. Infographic showing the percentage of e-waste per appliance type in the EU E-waste recycling rate in the EU Less than 40% of all e-waste in the EU is reycled, the rest is unsorted. Recycling practices vary among EU countries. In 2017, Croatia recycled 81% of all electronic and electrical waste, while in Malta, the figure was 21%. Infographic showing e-waste recycling rates per EU country Why do we need to recycle electronic and electrical waste? Discarded electronic and electrical equipment contains potentially harmful materials that pollute the environment and increase the risks for people involved in recycling e-waste. To counter this problem, the EU has passed legislation to prevent the use of certain chemicals, like lead. Many rare minerals that are needed in modern technology come from countries that do not respect human rights. To avoid inadvertently supporting armed conflict and human rights abuses, MEPs have adopted rules requiring European importers of rare earth minerals to carry out background checks on their suppliers. What is the EU doing do reduce e-waste? In March 2020, the European Commission presented a new circular economy action plan that has as one of its priorities the reduction of electronic and electrical waste. The proposal specifically outlines immediate goals like creating the “right to repair” and improving reusability in general, the introduction of a common charger and establishing a rewards system to encourage recycling electronics. Parliament’s position In February 2021, the Parliament adopted a resolution on the new circular economy action plan demanding additional measures to achieve a carbon-neutral, environmentally sustainable, toxic-free and fully circular economy by 2050, including tighter recycling rules and binding targets for materials use and consumption by 2030. In the field of e-waste, MEPs want the EU to promote longer product life through reusability and reparability. Dutch Renew Europe member Jan Huitema, the lead MEP on this issue, said it was important to approach the Commission’s action plan “holistically”: “Circularity principles need to be implemented throughout all stages of a value chain to make the circular economy a success.” He said particular focus should be given to the e-waste sector, as recycling is lagging behind production. “In 2017, the world generated 44.7 million metric tonnes of e-waste and only 20% was recycled properly.” Huitema also says the action plan could help with the economic recovery. “Stimulating new innovative business models will in turn create the new economic growth and job opportunities Europe will need to recover. Read more about the circular economy and waste
Math in the Physical Sciences Astronomy and Math What are astronomical units and light years? An astronomical unit is one of the more common measurements used in astronomy. It is a distance equal to the average distance from the Earth to the Sun, or 92,960,116 miles (149,597,870 kilometers); it is often seen rounded off to 93,000,000 miles (149,598,770 kilometers) and used in reference to great astronomical distances. For example, the Earth is 1 AU from the Sun; the planet Venus is 0.7 AU; Mars is 1.5 AU; and Saturn is 9.5 AU from the Sun. A light year is an even larger unit. As the name implies, it is the distance light travels in one year, or about 5.88 trillion miles (9.46 trillion kilometers). In most cases, light year measurement is reserved for deep space objects. (For more about measurement, see “Mathematics throughout History.”)
Osteopathic Tips for Cesarean Section Scars The Facts Caesarean sections account for 18.6% of all deliveries worldwide; in North America the incidence has been reported to reach as high as 32.3%. Which is to say that 1 in 3 women will deliver via caesarean section. Increasing rates of caesarean sections worldwide, suggests that more women will endure an invasive surgical procedure, followed by a long recovery period and inevitable scarring will result. Scars, especially a rigid scar, are of top priority to Osteopathic Manual Practitioners. Before we dig into exactly WHY that is, we first have to understand the importance of the fascial system in our body. What is Fascia? The fascial system is a large portion of the all-encompassing connective tissue of the body. The fascia lies beneath the skin, beneath the first layer of fat, and surrounds the muscles, bones, nerves, and organs of the body. I like to think of fascia as the ‘cling wrap’ of the body. It intimately wraps around structures to provide reinforcement and compact strength. It is more than just connective tissue that attaches one structure to another. Fascia is pliable and adapts to slow sustained forces by flattening and expanding. It functions very much like muscle tissue or fibers by lengthening and contracting. It is vital that each fascial layer is free to slide, glide and dissociate from one another. A mobile fascial system is what allows for free range of motion in all planes, within the body. Osteopathic Manual Therapy and Fascia Osteopathic manual practitioners view the body as one integrated system, one which relies on the proper mobility, position and vitality of all structures in the body to function optimally. The inter-webbing of the fascial system is viewed as one cohesive, continuous unit, which serves to protect and support the skeletal framework of the body (Bordoni & Zanier, 2014). The integrity of the fascial system depends on ‘tensegrity’, which means that the fascia strives for balance and equal force distribution across the entire system. Likewise, it means that while some structures are under tension, others structure must be able to compress and accommodate the new forces applied to the fascia. This concept of push and pull is what allows for the equal dissipation of force across the entire body (Stone, 2007). What that means is, that an injury of the fascial system in one part of the body will render that area less adaptive, creating new tension and lead to compensation elsewhere in the body. Caesarean Section and Fascia The most common approach for caesarean sections involve a horizontal incision just above the pubic bone of the pelvis. The surgeon will make an incision, in order from outside the body to inside the pelvic cavity, through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, rectus fascia, and the midline linea-alba, the fascial layer where your six-pack muscles meet. The six-pack muscles are separated to gain access to the pelvic cavity. The bladder is often redirected and the uterus is also incised horizontally (Uzoigwe & Jeremiah, 2006). As we heal, these different layers of fascia do not heal individually, layer by layer (that of course would be too easy!). Rather, the fascial layers overlap, interlace and scar tissue forms. Scarring will occur with any type of surgical incision or laceration, it is part of the remarkable restorative nature of the body. If we recall the physiology of the fascial system and the concept of tensegrity we can see why a scar is problematic in the body. The formation of the scar establishes a new “anchor” or fixation in the body and the fascial layers are no longer able to glide or dissociate freely. Scar adhesions disturb the fascial continuity and generate congestion between the different layers of fascia. So, what can you do about these sticky fascial layers? Treatment of Scars 1. Time GO SLOW and give your body the appropriate amount of time to heal. The time frame typically allocated for optimal healing post-surgery or labour and delivery is six-weeks. This time frame is critical, as your cells work really hard to lay down new connective tissue, like a scaffolding for future stronger cells. Allow for your body to work its magic before progressing to the next steps. Please note: that all of these techniques should NOT be performed until your incision has completely healed. This means, you have seen your doctor for a follow-up post-surgery, you have no signs of infection, your stitches are out or dissolved and you have no more open lacerations or scabs in the area. These techniques can be applied to any abdominal scars, like laparoscopic scars, appendectomy scars etc… 2. Self-Massage Self-massage is a great place to start for new mothers who have had a caesarean. After you are beyond your critical six-week post-op recovery time, you can start to mobilize the scar on your own. I recommend after a warm shower, applying some organic oil on your fingertips, coconut, almond or castor oil will do. Lie on your back, knees bent so that your belly is in a relaxed state, take a little 1-2tsp of oil on your fingertips and warm the oil by rubbing the fingertips together. Apply a gentle but sustained pressure with your fingertips and begin self-massage by just moving side to side over the skin above your scar and below your scar. This may feel weird at first, take your time and be gentle! Try to stick with it for 5-10 minutes a day. As the weeks progress and you are well practiced at this ritual, you can begin to apply more pressure and direct massage to the scar itself. Still using your fingertips and oil, go up and down, side to side over the scar and lift or pinch the scar. This will help break down irregular connective tissue and built up scar tissue. 3. Castor Oil Hot Packs After you have become accustomed to the self-massage techniques try this! Castor oil PLUS heat will increase circulation to the area you are trying to target. The castor oil hot pack will draw more blood to the area and encourage the breakdown of old scar tissue, improve the mobility and the appearance of the scar. Once you have spent 5-10minutes with self-massage, apply an old towel or pillowcase over the abdomen and use a hot water bottle or heating pad to warm the area. This will improve circulation, promote elimination and healing to the tissues underneath. It is one of my favourite tools for home-care. 4. See a Manual Therapist! Out of the subjects recruited for my recent research, “The Effects of Global Osteopathic Treatment on Diastasis-Rectus Abdominus in Postnatal Women”, 30% delivered via caesarean. Mobilization of the C-section scar was always how I began to treat osteopathically. In the literature, scar adhesions disturb the fascial continuity of the core canister and have been recognized as one of the greatest aggravators of Diastasis-Recti Abdominis (DRA). If you feel uncomfortable doing any self-massage,seeking an Osteopathic Manual Practitioner or Pelvic Floor Physiotherapist for scar treatment is a great alternative. They will assure that all the different layers of fascia are mobile, all the way down to the deepest layer of your scar formed on the uterus! No Comments Post a Comment
What is the difference between to let and to rent? To let or to rent? Difference between to let and to rent You see these signs everywhere you go: To Let, To Rent, For Sale, etc. But what’s the difference between to let and to rent? Isn’t letting the same as renting? To Let To let is only used by the owner of a property. For example, the owner of a house or an apartment may want to give the possession and use of it to somebody else for a fixed period. The owner then receives periodic payment in return for letting out the property. To Rent The infinitive verb to rent can be used in the same situation as to let, but with a more general sense. The verb to rent can be used by someone who will allow somebody else to use whatever it is that they are giving. Be it a house, a bicycle, a video, etc. Another example: we want to rent a car for a holiday. As you can see, it’s very easy to use this verb in different situations. Rent is also a noun for the payment a tenant dispenses to their landlord / landlady. Another view on this (in terms of property) is that a landlord / landlady lets and a tenant rents. These are easy to confuse with one another. Now you know why!
why do meristematic tissue lack vacuole? Asked by \| 8th Aug, 2012, 12:07: AM Expert Answer: Meristematic cells divide frequently and give rise to new cells and hence they need dense cytoplasm and thin cell wall. Vacuoles causes hindrance in cell division as it is full of cell sap to provide turgidity and rigidity to the cell. Also vacuoles basically serve the purpose of storing of nutrients, excess salts etc. Meristematic cells do not need to store these nutrients as they have compact shape. Answered by \| 9th Aug, 2012, 09:59: AM
Question: What Is The Scope Of IFRS 9? What is a financial asset IFRS 9? Under IFRS 9, a financial asset is initially measured at fair value plus transaction costs, unless it is carried at fair value through profit or loss, in which case transaction costs are immediately expensed.. Does IFRS 9 replace IFRS 7? Disclosures. IFRS 9 amends some of the requirements of IFRS 7 Financial Instruments: Disclosures including adding disclosures about investments in equity instruments designated as at FVTOCI, disclosures on risk management activities and hedge accounting and disclosures on credit risk management and impairment. What is difference between Fvoci and Fvtpl? A financial asset is measured at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), unless it is measured at amortised cost or at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI). The entity’s business model does not depend on management’s intention for an individual financial asset. Does IAS 39 still exist? Effective 1 January 2005. IAS 39 requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, hedge accounting and derecognition are withdrawn for periods starting on or after 1 January 2018 when IAS 39 is largely superseded by IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. How do you classify financial assets? What is IFRS 9 in simple terms? IFRS 9 Financial Instruments is the IASB’s replacement of IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement. The Standard includes requirements for recognition and measurement, impairment, derecognition and general hedge accounting. … hedge accounting. How does IFRS 9 affect banks? IFRS 9 – Aligns the measurement of financial assets with the bank’s business model, contractual cash flow characteristics of instruments, and future economic scenarios. Banks may have to take a “forward-looking provision” for the portion of the loan that is likely to default, as soon as it is originated. Is IAS 32 replaced by IFRS 9? IAS 32 is a companion to IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and IFRS 9 Financial Instruments. IAS 39 and IFRS 9 deal with initial recognition of financial assets and liabilities, measurement subsequent to initial recognition, impairment, derecognition, and hedge accounting. What is Fvtoci? FVTOCI describes an accounting treatment for changes in the fair values of derivative instruments. Under FVTOCI, changes in fair value are not reported as part of profit or loss (earnings) for the period. Instead they are reported as part of ‘other comprehensive income’. What is an asset under IFRS? Asset is a resource controlled by the entity as a result of past events and from which future economic benefits are expected to flow to the entity (IASB Framework). … Therefore, an asset may be recognized in the financial statement of the entity even if ownership of the asset belongs to someone else. Are shares a financial asset? key takeaways A financial asset is a liquid asset that represents—and derives value from—a claim of ownership of an entity or contractual rights to future payments from an entity. … Stocks, bonds, cash, CDs, and bank deposits are examples of financial assets. What is the difference between IAS 39 and IFRS 9? t IFRS 9 bases the classification of financial assets on the contractual cash flow characteristics and the entity’s business model for managing the financial asset, whereas IAS 39 bases the classification on specific definitions for each category.
YUAN SHIKAI Biography - Theater, Opera and Movie personalities Biography » theater opera and movie personalities » yuan shikai Yuan Shikai (non-simplified Chinese: simplified Chinese:pinyin: Yuan Shikai; Wade-Giles: Yuan Shih-k’ai) (September 16, 1859 - June 6 1916) was a Chinese military official and politician during the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China. He was infamous for taking advantages of both the Qing imperial court and the Republicans, and for his authoritarian control based on control of the military. His courtesy name was Weiting sometimes also spelled . His pseudonym was Rong’an. President Yuan Shikai Yuan Shikai was born in the village of Zhangying , located in Xiangcheng county , depending from Chenzhou prefecture , Henan province. Xiangcheng county has now become the county-level city of Xiangcheng , depending from the prefecture-level city of Zhoukou . Chenzhou is now called Huaiyang, but it is no more the head of the prefecture, having been replaced by Zhoukou. The village of Zhangying is located immediately north of downtown Xiangcheng. Shortly after Yuan’s birth, Xiangcheng was threatened by the Nian Rebellion (1853-1868), and the Yuan family moved to a hilly area easier to defend, 16 km./10 miles southeast of downtown Xiangcheng, and there they built a fortified village, the village of Yuanzhai - literally “the fortified village of the Yuan family"). The village of Yuanzhai is now located inside Wangmingkou township, on the territory of the county-level city of Xiangcheng. The large countryside estate of the Yuan family in Yuanzhai was recently opened to tourism by the People’s Republic of China, and people inside China generally assume that Yuan Shikai was born in Yuanzhai. Yuan Shikai rose to fame by participating in the first Sino-Japanese War as the commander of the Chinese stationary forces in Korea. He fortunately avoided the humiliation of Chinese armies in the war when he was recalled to Beijing several days before the Chinese forces were attacked. By showing loyalty to Empress Dowager Cixi, he was appointed the commander of the first new army in 1895. Qing’s court relied heavily on his army due to the proximity of its garrision to the capital and its effectiveness. Taking full advantage of this trust, Yuan became increasingly disrespecful to the court and switched sides between different parties only to his benefit. Especially after the coup d’etat ending the Hundred Days’ Reform, he became the mortal enemy of Guangxu Emperor. He was granted the position of Minister of Beiyang (the modern regions of Liaoning, Hebei, and Shandong provinces) on June 25 1902. Gaining the regard of foreigners when he helped to crush the Boxer Rebellion, he successfully obtained numerous loans to expand his Beiyang Army into the most powerful army in China. In January 1909, following the death of Cixi and Guangxu, he was relieved of all his posts by the regent, 2nd Prince Chun, probably under a secret will of Guangxu. The official reason advanced was that he was returning to his home in the village of Huanshang, located in the suburbs of Zhangde prefecture , now called the prefecture-level city of Anyang, Henan province, in order to treat a foot disease. He remained there for almost three years; however, he still maintained enormous influence in the Beiyang Army even after returning to Henan. In 1911-1912, Yuan played a critical role in the establishment of the Republic of China. Following the Wuchang Uprising on October 10, 1911 in Hubei province, the southern provinces had declared independence from the Qing, but neither the northern provinces nor the Beiyang Army had any stance for or against the rebellion. Both the Qing court and Yuan fully knew that the Beiyang army was the only modern force powerful enough to quell the revolutionaries. On October 14, he was offered the post of viceroy of Hukwang (i.e. governor-general for the provinces of Hubei and Hunan), but he asked the court for full powers, which was refused by the regent, and so he declared he could not accept the post because “the curing of his foot disease was not completely finished". The court renewed offers on October 27, and Yuan eventually left his village on October 30. At last on November 1st the court offered him the post of prime minister. On November 16, his cabinet was finally formed. Hence on the one hand Yuan was demanding the highest political status from the Qing court; on the other hand, his forces captured Hankou and Hanyang in November 1911 in preparation of attacking Wuchang, thus forcing the revolutionaries to negotiate. Emperor Yuan Shikai The revolutionaries had elected Sun Yat-Sen, but they were in a militarily weak position, and so they reluctantly compromised with Yuan. Yuan fulfilled his promise to the revolutionaries and arranged for the abdication of the child emperor Puyi in return for being named the President of the Republic. Cao Kun, one of his entrusted subordinate “Beiyang” military commanders, fabricated a coup d’etat in Beijing and Tianjin, apparently under Yuan’s orders, to provide an excuse for Yuan not to leave his sphere of influence in Chih-li (today Hebei province). The revolutionaries compromised again, and the capital of the new republic was established in Beijing. In February 1913, elections were held for the National Assembly in which the Chinese Nationalist Party or the Kuomintang (KMT) did very well. Sung Chiao-jen, deputy in the KMT to Sun Yat-sen, zealously supported a cabinet system and was widely regarded as a candidate for Prime Minister. Yuan viewed Sung as a threat to his authority and, after Sung’s assassination on March 20 1913, there was speculation in the media that Yuan was responsible. Tensions between the Kuomintang and Yuan continued to intensify, prompting Yuan to take over the government with his military power and to subsequently dissolve both the national and provincial assemblies. The Kuomintang attempted unsuccessfully to wage a “Second Revolution” against Yuan, but with the support of the army Yuan easily put down the revolt and caused the leaders of the Kuomintang, including Sun Yat-Sen, to flee into exile in Japan. Yuan then committed a major political blunder. He reinstated the monarchy, proclaiming himself the Emperor of the Chinese Empire under the era name of Hongxian, for a brief period from December 12, 1915 to March 22, 1916. This was opposed not only by the revolutionaries, but far more importantly by Yuan’s subordinate military commanders, who believed that Yuan’s assumption of the monarchy would allow him to rule without depending on the support of the military. Faced with universal opposition, Yuan backed down and died of kidney failure a few months later. Evaluation and legacy With Yuan’s death, China was left without any generally recognized central authority and the army quickly fragmented into forces of combatting warlords. For this reason he is usually called the Father of the Warlords. It is not really correct to attribute the other characteristics of warlordism to his preference, since in his career as a military reformer he had attempted to create a modern army on the Japanese model. He demonstrated then that he understood how staff work, military education, and regular transfers of officer personnel fitted together to make a modern military organisation. After his return to power in 1911, however, he seemed willing to sacrifice everything in his imperial ambitions, and ruled by a combination of violence and bribery that destroyed the idealism of the early Republican movement. Since those who opposed Yuan could do so only from a territorial military base, Yuan’s career as President and Emperor contributed greatly to China’s subsequent political division.
Give a Call ent doctor kolkata • By Admin • 08/07/19 Obstructive Sleep Apnea: Cause , Symptoms & Remidies Sleep Apnea is a situation when human’s breath becomes very shallow or one can even stop breathing during sleeping. Obstructive sleep apnea happens due to the partial or complete blockage of upper airway during shut-eye.There are several causes which are responsible for this : • 1) Excess Weight and Obesity • 2) A tumor in the airway • 3) Down Syndrome and Pierre-Robin Syndrome • 4) Enlarged Tonsils or Adenoids The most common obstructive sleep apnea symptoms are as follows: • 1) Daytime Sleepness • 2) Loud gasp ,snoring ,sweating during sleep • 3) Restlessness during sleep • 4) Dry mouth and headache • 5) Problem during sex • 6) Waking up suddenly and feeling like you have chocked • 7) Unusual breathing rhythm Obstructive sleep can be cured by surgery ,which is called UPPP.Even sometime it can be cured by a non-operative way (CPAP). So proper measures should be taken to cure the disease otherwise if not treated ,it can lead to serious complications like: cardiovascular diseases, accidents and even premature death. Apart from the above mentioned factors there are some more risk factors which may lead to the disease .Like Hypothyroidism ,Acromegaly ,Allergy ,Deviated septum etc. In adults ,smoking, alcoholism ,use of sedatives is often responsible for obstructive sleep apnea . Video Preview
Quick Answer: Is Smelling Your Poop Bad? What germs are in poop? The main pathogens that are commonly looked for in feces include: Bacteroides species. Salmonella and Shigella.. What happens if I eat poop? How do you kill fecal bacteria? Fecal coliform, like other bacteria, can usually be killed by boiling water or by treating it with chlorine. Washing thoroughly with soap after contact with contaminated water can also help prevent infections. Untreated fecal material, such as contains fecal coliform, adds excess organic material to the water. Why does it feel so good to poop? According to the authors, this feeling, which they call “poo-phoria,” occurs when your bowel movement stimulates the vagus nerve, which runs from your brainstem to your colon. Your vagus nerve is involved in key bodily functions, including digestion and regulating your heart rate and blood pressure. Does men’s poop smell worse? Turns out there are differences in stool odors between men and women, says Edwin McDonald, MD, assistant professor of gastroenterology at the University of Chicago. That’s because poo is comprised mostly of bacteria that’s been living in the intestines, and the types of bacteria in the guts of men and women vary. Why do I keep smelling feces? What can you catch from human feces? Human excreta and the lack of adequate personal and domestic hygiene have been implicated in the transmission of many infectious diseases including cholera, typhoid, hepatitis, polio, cryptosporidiosis, ascariasis, and schistosomiasis. Why do I have jelly like discharge from my bum? The most common types of anal discharge are: Mucus – a jelly-like substance that’s naturally found in the gut; white or yellow mucus may mean there’s an infection, while a pink or red colour may indicate blood. Faeces (stools) – due to leaking from your bowel. Anal bleeding. Are poop germs everywhere? Their surfaces are home to a variety of bacteria and fecal matter – yes, poop. In fact, fecal matter is present almost everywhere we are – our homes, cars, workplaces, schools. … Any item that you touch regularly is likely to contain some level of fecal matter or bacteria. What is the most common cause of smelly stool? The most common cause of foul-smelling stool is when nutrients aren’t being absorbed from the gut as they should be. Causes of malabsorption include gluten intolerance, food allergies, lactose intolerance, IBD, Crohn’s disease, or ulcerative colitis. Infections: Eating food contaminated with trace amounts of E. Why does my pee stink? How do you clean your hands after touching poop? Wash you hands for at least 30 seconds in warm water and with soap. Warm water makes the best suds and helps prevent skin irritation and rashes. The soap lather combined with the scrubbing helps loosen and remove germs. Can you get sick from inhaling feces? In 2004, the Air Force issued a fact sheet titled “Air Quality — Fecal Matter,” which says you are unlikely to catch a virus, bacteria or fungus from breathing in dust with dried stool, but you can still feel sick if you breathe enough of it. How do I stop my poop from smelling? Tips for reducing smelly odours after you go: Poo pourri is also super easy to use – you just spritz a little bit in the toilet bowl before you go. This creates a barrier between your poop and stops the bathroom from smelling. 2. Use air freshener. What foods cause foul smelling stool? To digest foods high in sulphur such as meats, garlic, dairy, broccoli, kale and cabbage, your gut has to work overtime. This produces a lot of gas, which makes the poop smell bad. These foods, even if the digestion works fine, can make your poop smell bad. Does bleach kill poop bacteria? Because it is highly reactive, chlorine bleach will act on whatever it comes in contact with, whether a germ or dirt. … Those require an oxidant such as chlorine bleach to kill, Kennedy said. But again, washing away dirt, feces, mucous and other organic matter is an essential first step. Why does human poop smell so bad? Stool is made up of undigested food, bacteria, mucus and dead cells. It usually smells bad because of the bacteria and parasites, but it also can have compounds that produce an especially unpleasant smell. “If you have blood in your stool, that usually comes with a particular strange odor,” he said. How long do feces germs live? The CDC reports that poop in public pools helped double outbreaks of the cryptosporidium parasite between 2014 and 2016, which is spread when people swallow water contaminated with diarrhea or feces. “It is not easily killed by chlorine and can survive up to 10 days in properly treated water,” the CDC warned.
måndag 3 september 2012 NASA: Predicting Stall of Wing Difficult The New Theory of Flight is based on computational solution of the Navier-Stokes equations with slip boundary condition, which allows realistic simulation of the airflow around a wing at all angles of attack. In particular the stall angle with sudden loss of lift and increase of drag, can be accurately predicted, as well as maximal lift obtained just before stall. On the other hand, in the text-book theory of flight based on Kutta-Zhukovsky circulation theory of lift, stall angle and maximal lift are outside the range of the mathematical model, as evidenced by NASA: • Predicting the stall point (the angle at which the wing stalls) is very difficult mathematically. Engineers usually rely on wind tunnel tests to determine the stall point. But the test must be done very carefully, matching all the important similarity parameters of the actual flight hardware. The fact that stall is outside the text-book theory of flight is probably viewed as both surprising and alarming by the students to which NASA directs its information. The general public enjoying air transportation is however not disturbed with this fact as part of the information from the captain before take-off. In any case, the pilot needs to know the stall angle and maximal lift and mathematical prediction when available, offers clear advantages as compared to the alternative of direct trial and error with a real airplane. PS NASA supplies the following info, which does not help to reduce fear of flying: • As an object moves through the air, air molecules stick to the surface. This creates a layer of air near the surface called a boundary layer that, in effect, changes the shape of the object. The flow turning reacts to the edge of the boundary layer just as it would to the physical surface of the object. • To make things more confusing, the boundary layer may lift off or "separate" from the body and create an effective shape much different from the physical shape. The separation of the boundary layer explains why aircraft wings will abruptly lose lift at high angles to the flow. This condition is called a wing stall. 1 kommentar: 1. Nikmati Bonus Menarik Dari Bolavita Sekarang... -Nikmati Bous New member 10% -Nikmati Bonus Cashback Hingga 10% Info Lengkap Hubungi: WA : 0812-2222-995 Line : cs_bolavita Link : www.bolavita1.com
What Is The Verification? What is meant by document verification? Document verification is a process of verifying the authenticity of a document. The process checks the validity of personal data, including: name, age, address, as well as document features like: stamps, watermarks, fonts, carrier materials and others.. What is difference between verification and validation? Is testing validation or verification? It is the process to ensure whether the product that is developed is right or not. It verifies whether the developed product fulfills the requirements that we have. Verification is static testing….Related Articles.VerificationValidationVerification is the static testing.Validation is the dynamic testing.9 more rows•Oct 6, 2020 What are the two types of verification? There are two main methods of verification:Double entry – entering the data twice and comparing the two copies. This effectively doubles the workload, and as most people are paid by the hour, it costs more too.Proofreading data – this method involves someone checking the data entered against the original document. What do you mean verification? How do you verify something? to prove the truth of, as by evidence or testimony; confirm; substantiate: Events verified his prediction. to ascertain the truth or correctness of, as by examination, research, or comparison: to verify a spelling. What is the meaning of Confirm verification? What is verification with example? Verification uses methods like inspections, reviews, walkthroughs, and Desk-checking etc. 4. Validation uses methods like black box (functional) testing, gray box testing, and white box (structural) testing etc. 5. Verification is to check whether the software conforms to specifications. What is the correct way to spell verification? Correct spelling for the English word “verification” is [vˌɛɹɪfɪkˈe͡ɪʃən], [vˌɛɹɪfɪkˈe‍ɪʃən], [v_ˌɛ_ɹ_ɪ_f_ɪ_k_ˈeɪ_ʃ_ə_n] (IPA phonetic alphabet). Which is least required skill of tester? Least required skill of Tester – Roles in Software Testing – Good Programmera. Good Programmer.b. Reliable.c. Attention to details.d. Being diplomatic. What is a verification code? A verification code is a security protection method used by form owners to avoid Internet robots from abusing and spamming their web forms. … A randomly generated code appears in an image above a textbox where the visitor has to type the exact code in order for the form data to be sent. What is another word for verification? Some common synonyms of verify are authenticate, confirm, corroborate, substantiate, and validate. What is a verification process? It is a process that is used to evaluate whether a product, service, or system complies with regulations, specifications, or conditions imposed at the start of a development phase. Verification can be in development, scale-up, or production. This is often an internal process. What comes first validation or verification? “An activity that ensures that an end product stakeholder’s true needs and expectations are met.” Whereas verification takes place while the product is still under development, validation is performed upon the completion of a given module, or even the completion of the entire application. What is verification of requirements? – Requirement Verification: the process of ensuring the requirement meets the rules and characteristics defined for writing a good requirement. The focus is on the wording and structure of the requirement.
Is Hookah Worse Than Juul? Can Juul cause lung disease? Is hookah safe for health? Even after it has passed through water, the smoke from a hookah has high levels of these toxic agents. Hookah tobacco and smoke contain several toxic agents known to cause lung, bladder, and oral cancers. Tobacco juices from hookahs irritate the mouth and increase the risk of developing oral cancers. Is hookah bad for your lungs? Hookah smoking is linked to many of the same adverse health effects as cigarette smoking, such as lung, bladder and oral cancers and heart disease. 1, Long-term effects include impaired pulmonary function, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, esophageal cancer and gastric cancer. Is hookah more dangerous than smoking? Hookah smoke contains high levels of toxic compounds, including tar, carbon monoxide, heavy metals and cancer-causing chemicals (carcinogens). In fact, hookah smokers are exposed to more carbon monoxide and smoke than are cigarette smokers. Is Flavoured hookah harmful? NEW YORK (Reuters Health) – Smoking hookah can be addictive and harmful, though many dabblers may not realize the dangers, according to a new review. “The cooled and sweetened flavor of hookah tobacco makes it more enticing to kids and they falsely believe it’s less harmful,” Tracey E. Is it OK to smoke hookah occasionally? Most of the hookah tobacco does not display any a health warning, leading to the misperception that it is not harmful. Hookah smoking may seem like it’s not dangerous because it may only be done occasionally. It also may be perceived as not addictive or less harmful than smoking cigarettes, Bhatnagar told Healthline. Do you inhale hookah? Even if you’re at a hookah bar and you’re not smoking hookah, you still breathe in the smoke around you. There is also nicotine in hookah smoke, making it easy to get hooked. Is Juuling or smoking worse? What is popcorn lung? “Popcorn lung” is the nickname for bronchiolitis obliterans. That’s a condition that damages your lungs’ smallest airways and makes you cough and feel short of breath. It’s sometimes caused by breathing in a chemical used to flavor microwave popcorn. But other chemicals or lung illnesses can also cause popcorn lung. Is hookah equivalent to 100 cigarettes? The World Health Organization has said that hookah use is equivalent to smoking 100 cigarettes in a 200-puff session. DOES THE Juul cause popcorn lung? A study published in 2015 reported that more than 90 percent of e-cigarettes tested contained either diacetyl or 2,3 pentanedione (another harmful chemical known to cause popcorn lung). This means that if you vape, it’s possible you are inhaling substances that can cause popcorn lung. What Juul does to your lungs? According to the CDC, substances found in vaping aerosol include: Ultrafine particles that can be inhaled deep into the lungs. Flavoring like diacetyl, a chemical linked to a serious, irreversible lung disease called obliterative bronchiolitis. How bad is Juuling for you? Medical professionals are very concerned because juul delivers higher concentrations of nicotine than other e-cigarettes. Not only is nicotine highly addictive, but it is also toxic to fetuses and is known to impair brain and lung development if used during adolescence. Does hookah make your lips black? Why is smoking so bad for your lips? … Reduced blood flow and exposure to tar and nicotine can also cause the melanin in your lips and gums to darken, leading to uneven pigmentation. They may appear blotchy, purple, dark brown, or black. The chemicals in cigarettes also have negative effects on the skin.
Social Education 58 2, pp. Schneider and Dorothy Schneider When the guns of August sounded the beginning of World War I ina good many Americans could not believe their ears. To their way of thinking, humanity had outgrown war. More info How black women describe navigating race and gender in the workplace No wonder chief nurse Carrie Domen wrote: "I feel much like the fly that has accepted the spider's invitation and finds he can't escape. The military accepted no other black women. American women In Secretary of the Navy Josephus Daniels, Lady seeking nsa WA Seattle 98116 the probable lack of sufficient clerical staff if and when the United States entered the war, asked whether any law prescribed that a yeoman be a man? Even though some other Americans, women as well as men, still thought of war as vital to the health of nations, in most considered this particular war Europe's business, in which the United States should take no part. American women She and her friends dated officers: no questions raised about fraternization and rank distinctions. The whole operation was off the cuff. Some of the women persisted, for almost sixty years. American women They themselves often did not understand the difference in their status. Yet it was the first war in which women officially and openly served in the Navy, the Marine Corps, and the Army al Corps. The Children of the Frontier collected and shipped money and mounds of clothing to its American-French counterpart overseas to rescue, support, and train refugee and repatriated children. Many found their own means of service. American women Counting is difficult and in some ways meaningless. For the first time wmoen the history of the world, 25, women, 15, of them civilians, crossed a hostile ocean to succor war's victims-many of them long before the United States entered the war. The occupational therapists and physical therapists never did. American women experienced this "Great War" differently than any war. With the end of the war, the Navy and Marine women departed in peace and without question. Expatriates Gertrude Stein and Alice B. How to Obtain Reproductions The mission of the Library of Congress is to make its resources available and useful to Congress and the American people and to sustain and preserve a universal collection of knowledge and creativity for future generations. When Marines need love too of these "hello girls" dared to claim veterans' benefits, they met blank bewilderment, followed by irate refusal. But, reported YMCA worker Mary Lee, small boats constantly skirted the ships that were to take servicemen and women workers back to the United States, to prevent their suicide. Heart attack symptoms in women Their professions were just getting off the ground; no one knew much about them, and when they arrived at American or European military bases, officers received them skeptically. Seeking Garden grove wallowitz from big bang theory Library of Congress presents these documents as part of the record of the past. At least one group of occupational therapists Aemricanhandywomen that they were, won their commanding officer's american women and support by plumbing, making drain pipes from tin cans and lining tubs built by patients for dishwashing. After America's Entry But when in the United States finally slipped and slid into World War I, American women overwhelmingly supported it-even Jane Addams, who thrust aside her longstanding opposition in order to participate in food conservation drives. Wrong document context! They based their first t book, Sound Off! Lighthearted youngsters, most of these Navy and Marine women had fun, according to Marie Broglie, who ed ameerican at eighteen. American women The government threw them Shreveport montblue hotel i want to eat you bone by establishing a woman's committee of the Council of National Defense, itself only an advisory body, with the redoubtable suffragist Anna Howard Shaw as committee head. New York: Facts on File, She did her excellent best, but without power she could not prevent inefficiency, duplication, and wasted effort. They may well have had an equally valid claim, but none among them chose to pursue qomen. Some American women died of disease; some were wounded wojen the front or under bombardment in Paris. Cookie consent and choices Ased to special duty, Yeomen F sold liberty bonds in theater aisles. ARCH not only operated the American Ambulance Service but american women afforded "5, relief organizations, societies, schools, churches, and individuals at the head of small circles. Black women worked nobly in this I want to do Palmdale in the workplace and as volunteers, but almost always in their own groups, set apart from whites. Althoughblack soldiers served overseas, no more than half a dozen black women managed to get there, for with the sole exception of the YMCA all the volunteer organizations excluded them from service abroad. That remarkably harmonious congress then sent two delegations of its women to present to the he of state of the belligerents a plan of continuous negotiation conceived by an American woman. But the British and French propagandized skillfully and effectively. American women () - imdb In a period of overt racism, African-American women who tried to participate in these efforts met almost immovable obstacles. It was the first American war in which no woman enlisted as a foot soldier disguised as a man, for it introduced thorough physical examinations. But american women establishment woken with women leaders about just what that was. Many women not only fervently wanted to help in the war effort but knew ameriican, through their years of relief work from to The Library of Congress does not endorse the views expressed in these collections, which may contain materials offensive to some readers. Latin american women are disappearing and dying under lockdown American Women in the Progressive Era, Schneider, Dorothy, and Carl J. American women therapists acted as nurses and secretaries during the medical emergencies that followed every "push" when soldiers eomen to cross No Man's Land to the enemy trenches. Fuck buddy around 22630 of the Woman's Peace Party in accepted the invitation of European women to an International Congress of Women at The Hague that included representatives of the warring Allied and Central powers. Joy Bright Hancock, later a Navy captain, recalled that the Navy began to distinguish its women as Yeomen Female only after some of them had been mistakenly called up for aamerican on americwn. Men in government thought they knew exactly what women should do: knit, save food, smile, send their menfolk to war, pass out white feathers to young men not in uniform, cut back on expenses-but not too much or what would happen to the economy? From the outset they were officially military members. Most did clerical work, but some labored in munitions factories and some as radio electricians. American women, american citizens: \| the national endowment for the humanities The American Telephone and Telegraph Company sought out American women who spoke French and trained them to operate switchboards. References Owings, Chloe. Women amrican out on their own like entrepreneurs, finding their own ways to help people and american women the money and capital to accomplish their goals. New Ballarat girls topless Viking, Third-year medical student Jean Pattison, spending her vacation with an American Women's Hospital, was pressed into service first for the French Army and then in an American military field hospital at Chateau-Thierry. In short, actual membership in the military did not define a woman's usefulness in Aemrican War I, her duties, her heroism, the dangers she confronted, or the hardships she endured.
Quick Answer: What Is Hallucination And Its Types? What is an example of a hallucination? Feeling sensations in the body (such as a crawling feeling on the skin or movement) Hearing sounds (such as music, footsteps, or banging of doors) Hearing voices (can include positive or negative voices, such as a voice commanding you to harm yourself or others) Seeing objects, beings, or patterns or lights.. What is hallucination and delusion? A hallucination involves the senses and feels real but is not. A delusion is a false belief that persists in spite of evidence. Neither is always cause for concern, but when experienced should lead to medical and mental health evaluations. What to do if someone is hallucinating? Remain calm, and try to help the person:Approach the person quietly while calling his or her name.Ask the person to tell you what is happening. … Tell the person that he or she is having a hallucination and that you do not see or hear what he or she does.More items… Can stress cause hallucinations? Causes of hallucinations Intense negative emotions such as stress or grief can make people particularly vulnerable to hallucinations, as can conditions such as hearing or vision loss, and drugs or alcohol. What do visual hallucinations look like? They can take the form of multicolored lights, colors, geometric shapes, indiscrete objects. Simple visual hallucinations without structure are known as phosphenes and those with geometric structure are known as photopsias. These hallucinations are caused by irritation to the primary visual cortex (Brodmann’s area 17). At what temperature do you start hallucinating? A high temperature (between 103 and 106) may cause confusion, hallucinations and irritability. A fever typically goes away in a few days. How do you start hallucinating? More videos on YouTubeSheets of light, white paper.Cotton padding.Rubber bands.Stationery, including scissors, tape, a stapler, and string.A YouTube video of old television white noise or static that runs uninterrupted for at least 30 minutes.Noise-cancelling headphones. What are the 5 types of hallucinations? Types of hallucinationsVisual hallucinations. Visual hallucinations involve seeing things that aren’t there. … Olfactory hallucinations. Olfactory hallucinations involve your sense of smell. … Gustatory hallucinations. … Auditory hallucinations. … Tactile hallucinations. What triggers hallucinations? There are many causes of hallucinations, including:Being drunk or high, or coming down from such drugs like marijuana, LSD, cocaine (including crack), PCP, amphetamines, heroin, ketamine, and alcohol.Delirium or dementia (visual hallucinations are most common)More items…• Can lack of sleep cause hallucinations? Is it bad to have hallucinations? Can delusions go away? Although the disorder can go away after a short time, delusions also can persist for months or years. The inherent reluctance of a person with this disorder to accept treatment makes the prognosis worse. What do hallucinations mean? Hallucinations are where someone sees, hears, smells, tastes or feels things that don’t exist outside their mind. They’re common in people with schizophrenia, and are usually experienced as hearing voices. Hallucinations can be frightening, but there’s usually an identifiable cause. What happens in the brain during hallucinations? For example, research suggests auditory hallucinations experienced by people with schizophrenia involve an overactive auditory cortex, the part of the brain that processes sound, said Professor Waters. This results in random sounds and speech fragments being generated. What do you say when someone is hallucinating? Offer reassuranceRespond in a calm, supportive manner. You may want to respond with, “Don’t worry. … Gentle patting may turn the person’s attention toward you and reduce the hallucination.Acknowledge the feelings behind the hallucination and try to find out what the hallucination means to the individual. What are visual hallucinations called? Visual hallucination is when you see things that aren’t there. For example, you might see insects crawling on your hand or on the face of someone you know. Sometimes they look like flashes of light. A rare type of seizure called “occipital” may cause you to see brightly colored spots or shapes. How do I know if I’m delusional? What Are the Symptoms of Delusional Disorder?Non-bizarre delusions — these are the most obvious symptom.Irritable, angry, or low mood.Hallucinations (seeing, hearing, or feeling things that aren’t really there) related to the delusion. For example, someone who believes they have an odor problem might smell a bad odor. What is the most common delusion?
News, Culture & Society Health: Lab-grown human muscle shows that exercising can prevent chronic inflammation Lab-grown human muscle shows that exercising can ‘almost completely’ prevent chronic inflammation which causes tissue to waste away • Inflammation stems from the over-reaction of the body’s immune system • Chronic inflammation can cause muscle tissue to waste and lose its structure • Experts believe a molecule called ‘interferon gamma’ is behind this wastage • Yet it was unclear how this worked and why exercise appeared to mitigate it • To investigate more simply, US researchers grew their own muscles in the lab • This allowed them to zero in on the cells to focus on the relevant processes Exercise can ‘almost completely’ prevent chronic inflammation that causes muscle to waste away, a study in lab-grown human tissue has revealed. Inflammation occurs when our body’s immune system responds to bacteria or tissue damage — but it can sometimes overreact and end up attacking its own cells. And some diseases — such as arthritis and sarcopenia — can lead to long-lasting, ‘chronic inflammation’, which causes muscle wasting. It is believed that a molecule known as ‘interferon gamma’ is one of the culprits behind various types of muscle wasting and dysfunction. Past studies indicated that exercise can mitigate the effects of inflammation in general — but it has been unclear what role muscle cells and interferon gamma play. To find out, researchers from Duke University in the US developed a platform to allow them to grow their own human muscles in the laboratory. Exercise can ‘almost completely’ prevent chronic inflammation that causes muscle to waste away, a study in lab-grown human tissue has revealed. Pictured: long, thin, well-defined muscle fibres (top left) lose their structure after prolonged inflammation (top right) but not when subjected to exercise as well (bottom left). The same applies for strength (bottom right) ‘Lots of processes are taking place throughout the human body during exercise, and it is difficult to tease apart which systems and cells are doing what inside an active person,’ said paper author and biological engineer Nenad Bursac. ‘Our engineered muscle platform is modular, meaning we can mix and match various types of cells and tissue components if we want to.’ ‘But in this case, we discovered that the muscle cells were capable of taking anti-inflammatory actions all on their own.’ For their studies, the researchers began by growing functional skeletal human muscle in a Petri dish — to which they then added immune cells and reservoirs of stem cells. When the muscles were fully grown, the team ‘inundated’ them with high levels of interferon gamma for seven days in order to mimic the effects of a long-lasting chronic inflammation. As expected, the lab grown muscles got smaller and lost much of their strength. They then repeated the experiment, but this time put the muscles through a simulated exercise regime using electric shocks. The regime ‘almost completely’ prevented the effects of chronic inflammation by blocking a specific molecular pathway, the researchers found. ‘We know that chronic inflammatory diseases induce muscle atrophy, but we wanted to see if the same thing would happen to our engineered human muscles grown in a Petri dish,’ said paper author and biomedical engineer Zhaowei Chen. ‘Not only did we confirm that interferon gamma primarily works through a specific signalling pathway,’ he continued. ‘We showed that exercising muscle cells can directly counter this pro-inflammatory signalling independent of the presence of other cell types or tissues.’ Exercising had the same anti-inflammatory effect as tofacitinib and baricitinib, two drugs commonly used to treat arthritis, the researchers found. ‘When exercising, the muscle cells themselves were directly opposing the pro-inflammatory signal induced by interferon gamma, which we did not expect to happen,’ said Professor Bursac. ‘These results show just how valuable lab-grown human muscles might be in discovering new mechanisms of disease and potential treatments. ‘There are notions out there that optimal levels and regimes of exercise could fight chronic inflammation while not over stressing the cells.’ ‘Maybe with our engineered muscle, we can help find out if such notions are true.’
Quick Answer: What Is The Current National Deficit 2020? Why is the deficit bad? Fiscal Deficit Impact on the Economy 2 Others argue that budget deficits crowd out private borrowing, manipulate capital structures and interest rates, decrease net exports, and lead to either higher taxes, higher inflation or both.. Does the US national debt matter? A nation saddled with debt will have less to invest in its own future. Rising debt means lower incomes, fewer economic opportunities for Americans. Based on CBO projections, a reduction of debt to 42 percent of GDP could increase income, on average, by $5,500 in 30 years. What is the current US deficit 2019? $984 billionFederal deficit increases 26% to $984 billion for fiscal 2019, highest in 7 years. The U.S. Treasury on Friday said that the federal deficit for fiscal 2019 was $984 billion, a 26% increase from 2018 but still short of the $1 trillion mark. Who does the US borrow money from? Americans own 70% of U.S. debt, but China, Japan loom large By and large, Americans. Some 70% of the national debt is owned by domestic government, institutions investors and the Federal Reserve. A shade under 30% is owned by foreign entities, according to the latest information from the U.S. Treasury. What is the national deficit right now? For fiscal year 2019, which ended September 30, 2019, total revenues were $3.5 trillion (up 4% from the previous year) and total spending was $4.4 trillion (up 8% from the previous year). The resulting deficit was $984 billion (4.6% of gross domestic product) compared to $779 billion (3.8% of GDP) in the previous year. Which president put us in the most debt? Truman led to the largest increase in public debt. Public debt rose over 100% of GDP to pay for the mobilization before and during the war. Public debt was $251.43 billion or 112% of GDP at the conclusion of the war in 1945 and was $260 billion in 1950. Why is budget deficit not necessarily a bad thing? Why is a budget deficit not necessarily a bad thing? A. As long as the government is paying for things it needs, it is appropriate to spend more than is collected in tax revenue. … Because future generations will be better equipped to pay back any accumulated deficits. Is the deficit important? A budget deficit increases the level of public sector debt. Large deficits will cause national debt as a % of GDP to increase. Opportunity cost of debt interest payments. A higher deficit will also lead to a higher % of national income being spent on debt interest payments. What is the current federal deficit 2020? The Congressional Budget Office reported that the federal government generated a $235 billion deficit in February, the fifth month of fiscal year 2020. February’s deficit is a $1 billion increase from the $234 billion deficit recorded a year earlier in February 2019. Can Trump pardon himself? The legal and constitutional ability of a president to pardon himself (self-pardon) is an unresolved issue. … On July 22, 2017, President Donald Trump tweeted, “While all agree the U.S. President has the complete power to pardon, why think of that when only crime so far is LEAKS against us. How will US pay off debt? To pay its dues, the United States has these options: Cut government spending, although this could slow economic growth. Raise taxes. Increase national income by driving up GDP beyond the debt level. Why is the US deficit so high? Factors Impacting the Federal Budget Deficit. Many people blame the federal budget deficit on mandatory spending, but that’s just part of the story. The biggest contributors to the current federal budget deficit have been COVID-19, tax cuts, mandatory programs (including entitlement programs), and military spending. Is BOP deficit Good or bad? In the short-term, a balance of payments deficit isn’t necessarily bad or good. It does mean that, in real terms, there is more importation than exportation occurring until the value of money adjusts. What did Trump do for the economy? A key part of President Trump’s economic strategy during his first three years (2017–2019) was to boost economic growth via tax cuts and additional spending, both of which significantly increased federal budget deficits.
Computer Science and College Stephanie Chen, Op-Ed Editor The harried, debt-ridden college student working as a barista in Starbucks: we’ve seen this scene often enough. Unfortunately, many of these waiters, servers, or clerks are actually graduate students or people with a degree. And none of them have jobs with satisfactory pay in a field where that they labored to obtain a degree in. This is the reality of many young adults in America today. Encouraged by the mantra that college will lead to success, the reality of their student loan debts and the necessity of finding a job is a blow to these graduates. One field, however, may make the American dream of college seem outdated: computer science. Many parents of today’s generations are immigrants who have come to the US with the mantra of working hard to support their children. To their children, they say to study hard and get into a good college; after that, getting a job and money will come naturally. This certainly has been true over the last two centuries, when immigrants or children of immigrants are able to find better jobs with education. People who spent their lives working in construction or digging out railroads encouraged their children to become literate and educated. Consequently, the children took on middle-class jobs such as being doctors or lawyers. However, realities are changing, and as colleges get more expensive and more people go to college, college is not the panacea it once was. These adults are entrenched in debt ($26,000 on average) and cannot support themselves while paying their student loans back. This is because employment opportunities have actually declined over the past few years. Not only are many people employed, but others are “mal-employed”—or employed in a “low” profession that has nothing to do with their degree. Thus, many college graduates feel dissatisfied with their lot in life, because of the belief passed onto them of the virtues of college. Many feel “entitled”, per say, in obtaining a job in the profession that they got a degree for. In this slump of dissatisfaction and money troubles, eighty-five percent of college graduates still live with their parents, despite their hard work in obtaining their degree. So perhaps it’s time to acknowledge that times are changing and realities with it. Kids are given encouragement that they will succeed wherever their passion lie, yet when they go out in the real world, they find out that their degree in creative writing means nothing. They might as well not had it and become a receptionist anyway. Another problem is the money poured into kids in the form of SAT tutors or programs, expecting the investment will be paid off once they grow up. This may not be a guarantee anymore, once the now grown up child lives with their parents. In fact, lately successful people have been entrepreneurs: people not afraid to take risks and step outside the boundaries of regular life. People like Mark Zuckerberg and Steve Jobs have been the new figureheads of success in society. What do they have in common? They are both in the field of computer science, which is rapidly expanding. The best part is that computer science can be self-studied, because the Internet has introduced a vast array of resources (no pun intended!). Massive open online courses, commonly referred to as MOOCs, are now replacing lecture halls. Even free courses such as KhanAcademy are just as informative as a regular teacher is. For example, one course such as DevBootCamp costs $12,000 in teaching novices how to program. After that course, 90% of graduates found jobs, many with starting salaries as high as $90,000 a year. This is not to say someone can’t go to college for computer science. They can, and computer science graduates actually have the second highest salaries after graduation. They are also the most sought after, having 56% of applicants receive offers, which is the highest percentage of application-offer rate. More importantly, this shows that the computer science industry is growing rapidly, especially with the exponential growth of technology in computers recently. So perhaps today’s message is to become an entrepreneur: the traditional path may no longer be the best one, and “scary” fields like computer science may become the future.
Mind Matters Natural and Artificial Intelligence News and Analysis Vice grip tool squeezing a plank with the word free will A Reader Asks: Does Neuroscience Disprove Free Will? Materialists sometimes misrepresent the evidence for free will, especially Benjamin Libet’s work Here’s the question: I have a question regarding free will. Sam Harris in his interview with Dan Dennett said that “If we decide to do go to somewhere we experience it later but our brain decided it much earlier than our experience to this decision. If we scan the brain at that time we will tell you before you came to know” Now it raise a question because we decide through intellect. You said that free will is due to intellect so intellect is challenged here. It’s an excellent question. The answer in brief is that we most certainly do have free will. We can see this from three perspectives: scientific, philosophical, and logical. The scientific evidence The scientific evidence… Psychologist: Consciousness Is Not a Thing But a Point of View Mark Solms attempts to explain consciousness in his new book, Hidden Spring Anyone who thinks about consciousness soon realizes that it is a Hard Problem. It means being a subject of experience, rather than an object to which experiences happen. A dog has consciousness. He yelps when in pain. But a rock does not care about becoming sand. In an interesting article in Psychology Today, neuropsychologist Mark Solms outlines some thoughts from a book he has written on the subject, The Hidden Spring: A Journey to the Source of Consciousness (Norton, 2021): Physiological processes do not produce consciousness in the sense that the liver produces bile. Consciousness is not a thing but rather a point of view. What we perceive objectively as physiological processes in the brain we perceive subjectively as conscious… Woman scientist holding lab rat, medicine development, tests on animals An Old Rat With No Brain Raises Some Very Interesting Questions The researchers had no idea how strange their lab rat was until, in a routine procedure, they scanned its head Yes, R222 was only a rat. A rat that turned out to have no brain. But here’s the thing: R222 had lived a normal life as a lab rat for two whole years. According to rat specialists, that’s like 70 human years. Researchers were, to say the least, puzzled. The story begins with a scientist scanning the brains of “very old” lab rats as part of a study on aging. Except that subject R222, otherwise a conventional rat, didn’t seem to have a brain. The brain cavity had collapsed and filled with fluid (hydrocephalus). We can see from the photo that where the control rat has brain, R222 has fluid: On further investigation, researchers found that all brain functions had… artificial intelligence brain A Neuroscientist on Why We Can Build Human-like Brains Manuel Brenner, a particle physicist as well as a neuroscientist, thinks pattern recognition is the answer Manuel Brenner, a particle physicist who became a theoretical neuroscientist, made the argument last year that human intelligence is less complex than we make it out to be. Thus, building an artificial intelligence might be easier than we suppose. He offers some intriguing arguments and here are some responses: ➤ Is the information we need for building human-like AI in our genes? He doesn’t think so because a tomato has 7000 more genes than a human being. Further, our human genome offers only 25 million bytes of information for our brain’s design but there are 1015 connections in the adult neocortex. His conclusion? “there needs to be a much simpler, more efficient way of defining the blueprint for our brain… 3D Rendering of binary tunnel with led leading light. Concept for data mining, big data visualization, machine learning, data discovery technology, customer product analysis. The Brain Is Not a Computer and Big Data Is Not a Big Answer These claims are mere tales from the AI apocalypse, as George Gilder tells it, in Gaming AI In Gaming AI, George Gilder (pictured) sets out six assumptions generally shared by those who believe that, in a Singularity sometime soon, we will merge with our machines. Some of these assumptions seem incorrect and they are certainly all discussable. So let’s look at the first two: • “The Modeling Assumption: A computer can deterministically model a brain.” (p. 50) That would be quite difficult because brains don’t function like computers: As neuroscientist Yuri Danilov said last year, “Right now people are saying, each synoptical connection is a microprocessor. So if it’s a microprocessor, you have 1012 neurons, each neuron has 105 synapses, so you have… you can compute how many parallel processing units you have in the brain if… Liquid Nitrogen bank containing suspension of stem cells. Cell culture for the biomedical diagnostic Can We Make Brains in a Dish? Can We Make MINDS in a Dish? Experiments with brain organoids have left many wondering whether we should be concerned about creating brains-in-a-dish In a recent report, Nature addressed several studies on disembodied brains grown in the lab. One of those studies, published last year by Alysson Muotri of the University of California, San Diego, showed that brain organoids (organized clusters of brain cells) displayed electrical signals reminiscent of a twenty-five-week-old pre-term baby. the electrical activity continued for several months until the experiment was eventually stopped. Experiments with such brain organoids have left many wondering whether we should be concerned about creating brains-in-a-dish. Organoids, such as those made of kidney or liver cells, have been used to study drug development and disease. They are made either from embryonic stem cells—an ethically problematic source because they involve the destruction of an embryo—or induced pluripotent… Human brain with an implanted chip. Paralyzed Subject Gains Control Much Faster via a New Technique The earlier technique for controlling a cursor through brain-computer interface worked but it required constant relearning Researchers at the University of California, San Francisco, have enabled a participant who is paralyzed in all four limbs to control a computer cursor, using only brain activity, by tapping into the brain’s own natural learning system. Without tapping into that system, brain-computer interface (BCI) needs extensive daily retraining in order to work. “It’s like asking someone to learn to ride a bike over and over again from scratch,” said study senior author Karunesh Ganguly, MD, PhD, an associate professor of in the UC San Francisco Department of Neurology. “Adapting an artificial learning system to work smoothly with the brain’s sophisticated long-term learning schemas is something that’s never been shown before in a paralyzed person.” Nicholas Weiler, “First ‘Plug and… Graphene molecular nano technology structure on a green background - 3d rendering Why the Brain Can’t Be Understood Simply in Terms of Particles hemispheres of brain.jpg Creative background, the human brain on a blue background, the hemisphere is responsible for logic, and responsible for creativity. different hemispheres of the brain, 3D illustration, 3D render Why the Mind Can’t Just Be the Brain Thinking it through carefully, the idea doesn't even make sense Philosopher Roger Scruton (1944–2020) defined neuroscience thus (I paraphrase): Neuroscience is a huge collection of answers with no memory of the questions. Over the past century, neuroscientists have amassed vast libraries of data. But their interpretation of their data on the mind-brain question shows no meaningful understanding of the genuine questions their research is tasked to answer. These questions are ancient: What is the relationship between the soul (or mind) and the body (or brain)? How is it that matter can think? How is it that third-person stuff gives rise to first-person experience? Answers to such questions from the neuroscience community show little evidence of the profound and subtle nature of the questions. Thus, neuroscientists provide answers to questions they… walnut split on a white background My Right Hemisphere Is An Atheist! No, Wait … In reality, split-brain surgery does not split consciousness in any meaningful sense The atheist neuroscientist who has made bizarre claims about the outcomes of split brain surgery appears not to know much about neurosurgery. Read More › Neurons cells concept Elon Musk’s Myths About the Mind According to Musk, everything in the brain is an electrical signal. That’s pretty naive Neuroscientists used to think that each neuron was as complex as a switch. But newer research shows that each neuron is more similar to a microprocessor. Musk’s 3,000 Neuralink electrodes controlled by a single processor does not remotely match your brain’s 80 billion processors, all linked together. Read More › Double exposure portrait of attractive and young girl Philosopher: Consciousness is Not a Problem. Dualism Is! Physicalist David Papineau says consciousness is just “brain processes that feel like something” Physicalist David Papineau argues that consciousness “seems mysterious not because of any hidden essence, but only because we think about it in a special way.” In short, it's all in our heads. But wait, say others, the hard problem of consciousness is not so easily dismissed. Read More › Crossroad seen from Burj Kalifa Bingecast: Yuri Danilov on the Complexity of our Brains Recent discoveries about the brain have uncovered more of its complexity and changed what we thought we knew about it. Will more discoveries in the future change our views again? Robert J. Marks discusses neuroplasticity, restoring brain function through brain stimulation, and other fascinating discoveries about the human brain with Yuri Danilov. Show Notes 0:01:13 \| Introducing Yuri Danilov, Senior… The Creative Brain Is There a Creativity Module in the Brain? Both hemispheres are important for creativity, according to recent research, but the adventure lies beyond What we are really learning is that minute mapping of the brain is not likely to give us a complete explanation of creativity. Let alone a means of control. Answers, when they appear, lie in the immaterial world of the mind. Read More › Western lowland gorilla, Gorilla gorilla How Not To Debate Materialists This is the story of how a gifted scientist lost a debate with a Darwinist — a debate he should have won Although ape brains do differ somewhat from human brains in cortical anatomy, it is the similarity between the brains of apes and men, rather than the differences, that provide striking evidence of human exceptionalism. Read More › Bingecast: Jonathan Sackier on Healing the Brain The brain can also both adapt and heal itself. How can we facilitate this healing in patients with brain challenges? Can this healing be accelerated without brain surgery? Using stimulation to the tongue can result in incredible changes to brain functions. Robert J. Marks and Dr. Jonathan Sackier discuss brain trauma, healing and stimulation. Show Notes 01:11 \| Introducing Dr.… Michael Egnor on Splitting the Brain and Staying You If you lose all four of your limbs, are you still you? Most people would say yes. What if your brain were cut into two pieces? Would you still be you? Robert J. Marks and Dr. Michael Egnor discuss splitting the brain and the research of Roger Sperry. Show Notes 00:30 \| Introducing Dr. Michael Egnor, Professor of Neurosurgery and… Michael Egnor: Free Will or Free Won’t? There have been ongoing philosophical and theological arguments about free will vs. predestination. How do experiments on the human brain inform us on this question? Robert J. Marks discusses free will, free won’t, predestination, and the brain with Dr. Michael Egnor. Show Notes 00:40 \| Introducing Dr. Michael Egnor, Professor of Neurosurgery and Pediatrics at State University of New York,… mental mind sport motivation concept of young handsome strong man with beard wearing black jersey concentration relaxation in sport gym The Mind Is the Opposite of a Computer Matthew Cobb, a materialist, only scratches the surface when he explains why your brain is not a computer Mental activity always has meaning—every thought is about something. Computation, by contrast, always lacks meaning in itself. A word processing program doesn’t care about the opinion that you’re expressing when you use it. In fact, what makes computation so useful is that it doesn’t have its own meaning. Because the mind always has meaning and computation never does, the mind is the opposite of computation. Read More › New York City skyline Can We Understand the Brain the Way We “Understand” New York City? The “connectome” (a complete “wiring diagram” of the brain) is giving neuroscientists pause for thought Read More ›
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Is Treadmill Good For Heart Patients? Is treadmill good for heart? Regular aerobic exercise, such as a treadmill workout regimen, improves blood circulation in the body and helps to lower blood pressure by strengthening the heart.. What should heart patients avoid? Red meat (beef, pork and lamb) is high in saturated fat and cholesterol, which increases your risk for heart disease….Foods high in trans fat and saturated fat to avoid include:Crackers.Doughnuts.Baked goods (cakes, cookies and pie crust)Fried foods.Non-dairy creamer.Microwave popcorn. Is a heart rate of 200 during exercise bad? More oxygen is also going to the muscles. This means the heart beats fewer times per minute than it would in a nonathlete. However, an athlete’s heart rate may go up to 180 bpm to 200 bpm during exercise. Can a heart patient climb stairs? If there are stairs where you live, you can climb them slowly as soon as you come home. As a general rule, if you can walk normally at your usual pace, you can also climb two flights of stairs at your usual pace. Can heart patients do gym? Getting regular exercise when you have heart disease is important. Exercise can make your heart muscle stronger. It may also help you be more active without chest pain or other symptoms. Exercise may help lower your blood pressure and cholesterol. What is the best exercise for heart and lungs? Is it OK to treadmill everyday? Frequency: Once you are used to treadmill walking, you can do it every day of the week. Walking at a brisk pace for 30 to 60 minutes most days of the week, or a total of 150 to 300 minutes per week, is recommended to reduce health risks. What BPM is too high when exercising? What is a cardiac diet plan? What is a Cardiac Diet? “Cardiac diet” is an unofficial term for a heart healthy diet. This is a plan to eat plenty of nutrient-rich foods—fruits and veggies, whole grains, lean poultry and fish. And it also means avoiding saturated fats, trans fats, and excess sodium and sugar. What is a good heart rate while on treadmill? When running, you should train at 50 to 85 percent of your maximum heart rate. To calculate the maximum rate, subtract your age from 220. If your heart rate dips below this, you might want to pick up the pace to get better results from your workout. How much walking is healthy for your heart? Compared to less than 30 minutes of weekly activity, seven hours of weekly physical activity could reduce the risk of early death by as much as 40 percent, says the CDC. If you want to focus on ways to improve heart health, don’t let the excuses stop you. Are treadmills bad for knees? If you’re jogging or running, a treadmill can put more stress on your knees compared to an elliptical trainer. But walking on a treadmill exerts about the same amount of force on the knees as using an elliptical machine. Treadmills tend to be more user-friendly and easier to use for beginners. What are benefits of treadmill walking? Treadmills allow you to create a workout based on the amount of time you have to exercise. Treadmills also give you complete control, enabling you to adjust the speed, incline, warm-up period, cool-down period, and amount of energy you expend. What is the best exercise for a heart patient? Aerobic Exercise How much: Ideally, at least 30 minutes a day, at least five days a week. Examples: Brisk walking, running, swimming, cycling, playing tennis and jumping rope. Heart-pumping aerobic exercise is the kind that doctors have in mind when they recommend at least 150 minutes per week of moderate activity. Is treadmill bad for health? “The treadmill is not bad for your body,” says local physical therapist Dr. Jamey Schrier. … When running on a treadmill for 30 minutes at the same speed is our only workout every day, we’re likely to be more attuned to what’s going on with our body and more aware of injuries. Can heart patient lift weights? Who Should Not Lift Weights. Some heart patients should not lift weights. Weight training is not recommended if you have: Unstable coronary heart disease such as those with angina. What heart rate is a heart attack? Can your heart rate reveal your risk for a heart attack? A very high or very low heart rate may reveal your risk for heart attack. For most people, a heart rate that’s consistently above 100 beats per minute or below 60 beats per minute for nonathletes should prompt a visit to a doctor for a heart health evaluation. Does walking help heart disease? Walking for an average of 30 minutes or more a day can lower the risk of heart disease, stroke by 35% percent and Type 2 diabetes by 40%. It’s not just your heart and muscles that benefit from walking. Regular physical activity can help: reduce your risk of heart disease and stroke.
Skip to content The vibrant new heart of product design It is not the product that matters for the product to be successful, after all: welcome to the age of ‘Product Design Mechanics’ The Middle Ages were also named the dark ages, as the speed of progress was not at its peak – mildly spoken … in many cases they were even a step back versus the cultural and technological achievements the Greeks and especially the Romans had made. Black Death reigned over large parts of Europe and beyond, killing more than a third of the overall population. Human rights were still to be invented, the value of a man’s life was low and the age of enlightenment was still far away, yet to be heralded by the Renaissance … which was still far away. Still, the Middle Ages also had their shining beacons, the construction of sky-reaching cathedrals being one of them. Like Notre Dame de Paris or the Cologne Cathedral, these were built by masons, who were directed by master builders. A master builder’s business was easy: he had to be good in his skill. If he was good, then the probability was high he would be hired for his service and be paid well. Seen from the other perspective, you would hire a master builder only if his service was good. Back in those days, this simple truth held for virtually all services or products: You buy a product or service if the product or service is good. It’s not about the product anymore The quality of the product or the service itself decides if it is successful or not. This still holds to our days – you go to the doctor that has the best reputation; you buy a kitchen table from a carpenter whose style and craftmanship you value. But it does not hold as a general truth anymore. In fact, today things are a lot more complex. We do not only live in the digital age, we also live in the behavioral age: It does not suffice for products and services today just to be “good” in terms of quality or guise. In fact, sometimes this does not even help. In today’s world, product or service quality has been offset by something groundbreaking and substantially different – even though most people are not even aware of it: Products and services are successful today if they manage to exploit and orchestrate human interactions and behavior. Take a while to take this sentence in and appreciate it in its full flavor. Still, while it sounds somewhat abstract, let’s go by an example of what is meant by it: In the 80s and 90s, there were two operation systems fighting for the user’s love and attention. Mac and Windows. While Mac was a closed and meticulously controlled ecosystem, where all parts worked perfectly together, Windows and PCs were a lot more open and flexible. PC parts were produced by different vendors, not just IBM. Operating system (Windows) and hardware (IBM PC or compatibles) were produced by different companies, while Apple crafted all of it. Without doubt, Mac was the “better product”. How a bad product could beat a good product Seamless integration, state of the art technology and design, beauty built right into the system, robustness too – Windows and PCs could not match this. No way. Nevertheless, Windows won the race. By far. In 1990, there was less than 10% of Mac penetration in the US, and more than 80% penetration of Windows (source: Jeremy Reimer, Goldman Sachs research; see: How could that be, how was that ever possible? In the good old days of cathedral building, that would not have happened. The better master builder would have gotten the job. But Windows prevailed over Mac. The reason lies in human interactions and behavior. Back in those days, exchange between different operating systems was virtually impossible: If you had a file on a Mac, you could hardly transfer that file to Windows. If you had an application, this was even impossible. An application on a Mac would never work on a Windows PC and vice-versa. So, the system you chose, that system you were confined to. Period. Now, what is it that finally determines the choice you make when you buy a new system? Basically, it’s which system the people you interact with – your friends and colleagues – are using. When all your friends are on Windows, chances are very high you will go for Windows as well. Even though you like Mac more than Windows. So here we are: We have a model where choice is made based on the people you interact with rather than product quality. Windows was exploiting that human behavior and established its supremacy. The mechanics that are working at the core of this phenomenon are called network effects. More of it to come at a later point. How could Microsoft get to the point where more of your friends have Windows, in the first place? By having a system that is a lot more open to other vendors and OEMs. And once you have more users at some point, it’s a “rich get richer” phenomenon that is also baked into network effects. When a certain tipping point is passed, this system becomes literally unstoppable. Hence “rich get richer”. Interestingly, today the situation is different, and Apple’s operating systems have a significantly higher market share. Plus, the dominance of Microsoft is by far not as prevalent as it used to be. Just have a look at the table below, which lists the operation system share for (as of August 2020). The reasons for this shift are manifold. One of them, however, is that the permeability between operating systems is a lot more fluent. Files and documents can be shared a lot more easily between them. The shattered future of the system of the future I myself witnessed this effect the first time when I was a kid of 5 or 6 years, way too young to think of network effects and the like: My father had just bought a video recorder. And he was super happy, because it was “Video 2000 – the system of the future”. And in fact, Video 2000, a co-production of Grundig and Philips, was the better product than VHS, which had been around before. And still, a few years later we would take the video recorder to the junkyard. Video 2000 had lost against VHS. Big time. Why? Because of the same reasons that Windows made the race against the Mac. You buy a video recorder so you can swap cassettes with your friends. Again, it’s not the better product anymore that makes the race. When decision maker and payor are not the same entity Baking network effects into a product, thus exploiting and orchestrating human behavior, can be a strong engine of growth. There are certainly other such patterns. One I experienced when I was a consultant at the Boston Consulting Group, a long time ago. Back then, there were two airlines in Germany, Air Berlin and Lufthansa. While both serviced approximately the same routes, Air Berlin was roughly half as expensive as Lufthansa. Nevertheless, most consultants would fly Lufthansa. Why that, did they want to harm their employer? Of course not. But there was one tiny incentive built into the Lufthansa system that would impact their behavior. That tiny little thing is an airline reward system called Miles&More: Being a consultant, you could choose which airline you took. It was your proper decision. The bill would be paid by BCG, not you. So, you wouldn’t care too much about the cost. However, with Lufthansa you would get valuable “Miles” that you could keep for yourself. Air Berlin also had a loyalty program, but it was not nearly as good as that of Lufthansa. Clearly, the “kickback” you got, that is, the monetary value of these “Miles”, was only a tiny fraction of the surplus of money to be paid to get a Lufthansa ticket (versus an Air Berlin ticket). The big difference is that one affects your personal pocket (the upside) whereas the other does not (the downside). There is some sheer beauty to this exploitation and orchestration of human behavior. This phenomenon – where the decision-maker is the beneficiary of the upside, but not burdened with the implied downside – can also be experienced in credit card systems (which we will get to see in a later post). Rethinking product design is a must I’m German, living in Germany, and so I can experience the shift we see in product design first-hand: Germany has taken big pride in designing high-quality products. When the quality is superb, all the remaining jigsaw pieces will fall into places. Quality wins. The strong belief in “made in Germany” takes account of this. That is also why Germany is so ill-equipped with regard to the digital economy. Here in particular, the new economics of orchestrating and exploiting human behavior are key. Network effects are omnipresent, and they are just one manifestation of this brave new world of designing products based on human behavior. Strangely, while these new economics reign our world, I have not found a term for them – though I have been hunting high and low. It’s a true blind spot. So, let’s give them a name they deserve. Let’s call them Product Design Mechanics. The nature of Product Design Mechanics While studying these new economics of orchestrating and exploiting human behavior and interactions, one thing became obvious to me very soon: There is no such thing as the one guiding principle, the one master pattern that is the DNA, the salt of life, of all these Product Design Mechanics (PDMs, for brevity). There are similarities and different guises. If you are a software engineer, then you know Design Patterns, a break-through in software architecture, introduced by the famous “Gang of Four”. These Design Patterns, too, are not built upon that one single guiding principle. It’s a collection of patterns. And so it is with Product Design Mechanics. There is not the one atomic PDM. It’s essentially a collection of PDMs that is ever-growing. When we walk through our world with clear eyes and open minds, we become aware of ever new PDMs. It’s fun discovering them and dissecting them into their atomic abstract components, down to the underlying Product Design Mechanics. In the following posts, let’s visit the PDMs that I have found while roving and observing. Some of them are well-known and have a name of their own. Some are not. Some are PDMs that can be used as tactical means, to improve product features and the like, others have the potential and aspiration to define a business model’s entire strategy. 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Monday, 31 August 2020 08:44 Written by Rate this item (0 votes) All around the world, Italy is associated with culture, art, food, in a few words our way of life. But more and more people are attracted to our country for another reason: our ability to “do”, to manufacture beautiful things. It is not by chance, this ability derives from our history, our culture, our “land”. Italian craftsmanship is the result of experiences, cultures and knowledge rooted in the country’s history and is synonymous with quality, passion, care, innovation, style, in one word “excellence”. Halfway between art and technique, experience and imagination, handmade objects, unique and special, are undoubtedly more fascinating; the human beings and their skills are at the centre of their production process, filtering the innovative and creative capacity of the individual through the knowledge passed on across generations. From the artisanal utensils of mountain areas to the tapestries that decorated the court palaces of Europe, Italian artisans knew, and still know, how to transform the most diverse raw materials, from wood to marble, from glass to textiles, into a wide range of realizations where, sometimes, craftsmanship becomes art. The words "arte" (art) and "artigiano” (craftsman) come from the Latin "ars", which means "practical or technical method". In the Middle Ages in Europe, to indicate a craftsman they used the word "artista” (artist) but not the word “artigiano” and the craftsman’s social relevance was very high, although there was no word to identify him. He was considered a person who excelled in his craft, in his art, just like an artist. Becoming a craftsman was very difficult, they had to work hard for a long time. There were several and numerous associations of craftsmen. Children chose the one dealing with their preferred matter (painting, sculpting, carving….) and started as apprentices. Later on, they entered a "Bottega", where an experienced craftsman (today’s tutor) began to teach them the secrets of the job. At the Bottega, “il Maestro”, the owner of the shop, dealt with customers, decided which works to execute and designed them; then several aides, apprentices or associates, worked together with him or upon his instructions. At the end, when the work was very important or the customer very illustrious, the “Maestro” alone would refine it and complete the most difficult details. As apprentices, the young students just observed, trying to understand and learning the dynamics of the workshop's work. Over time, they learned more and more about materials, instrumentation, processing techniques and now and then they were actively involved. In the beginning, no pay; they could get a little pay only when their production standards met fixed quality targets set by the Guild. Only after the internship period, they could become “associate” or “companion”: they could work with the Maestro until they could get the necessary tools to start their own entreprise. Finally, they could own a workshop and become “Maestro” themselves, but only after passing an exam, to be held at the Guild’s house. These associations, called “Corporazioni delle Arti e dei Mestieri” (Arts and Crafts Guild), were very organized. Every aspect was regulated, from raw materials to working processes. The craftsmen were protected by their Corporation, which fought harshly against fakes (hence the word "rule of art"). Each Guild had a patron saint with its church or at least a chapel; on the day dedicated to the Guild’s patron, the affiliates paraded with their banners. The artisans lived all in the same area, and this has also left its mark in the place names of Italian cities: from Via dei Calzaioli in Florence (Calzatura meaning shoe in English) to Via degli Orefici in Bologna (the Street of Goldsmiths). In Venice, the “Scuola dei Calegheri" (the School of cobblers) was established in the 12th century and in 1293 in Florence cooks, shoemakers and saddlers were already included among minor arts. In many cases, an industry originated from these traditions. This is the case, for example, of the silk industry in the Como area or the goldsmith district in Valenza Po, between Alessandria and Pavia, while Montebelluna near Treviso is the world capital of mountain shoes. Acclaimed brands such as Borsalino (hats) and Marinella (ties) were born from small artisan workshops and are now recognized all over the world. In other cases, techniques and experiences were passed on from father to son across decades, keeping ancient production methods alive for centuries: the goldsmith tradition in Taranto dates back to the Greek era, the process of felting the wool and thus making “loden” comes from an ancient technique developed by Tyrolean mountaineers, while in Sicily the art of ceramics dates back to the 5th century BC at least. The demand for fine goods by the European courts and, since the 19th century, the upper bourgeoisie was another great boost for quality artisanal production. The rich Florence of the 15th century, a true forge of creativity, was the cradle of wooden “tarsia”, with 84 carving shops. The district of the fine ceramics of Capodimonte, in the Naples area, was started in the mid-1700s by King Charles of Bourbon to rival French production. Lace developed on the island of Burano, near the thriving Venice (while in nearby Murano the crafts of glass flourished); in its many regional variants, it adorned the clothes of the nobility and bourgeoisie of half Europe: for its coronation King Louis XIV, the “Sun King”, wore a fine collar of Burano lace. But Italian craftsmanship was not just making luxury goods for the ruling classes: instead, its creations have been fundamental in the popular culture and traditions of the whole country. Lace, belts, hats and leather embroidered trousers embellish festive dresses in Alpine areas. The "presentosa" is an unmissable jewel in weddings across Abruzzo. The renowned manufacture of Sardinian knives was primarily used by sheperds in the countryside. And in artisanal productions across Italy we can find the influence of the foreign peoples we came in contact with: from the Greek and Eastern influence on ceramic decorating techniques to the Albanian influence in the jewels of Basilicata and Calabria. Talking about craftsmanship means talking about territories and how the people living there interpret them. Sometimes the territory is the source of extraordinary raw materials, such as Carrara marble (used by Michelangelo for its famous statues, the David above all) or the wood of Trentino - South Tyrol, used by sculptors but also by violin makers (Stradivari). Craftsmanship excellence stands even when the source of raw materials has run out or proved inadequate to consumers’ new needs. In other cases, being on a trade route gave access to exotic raw materials, which local artisans used creatively, or to international sales channels, much more profitable than the local ones for the most valuable goods, such as the cameos of Torre del Greco, close to Naples. So, follow us on a fascinating and amazing journey along the peninsula, in search of Italian artisanal excellence: ceramics and terracotta, hide and leather, metal, wood, marble and stone works, fabrics, lace and embroidery, glass and mosaics. It is the truest, most artistic, most ingenious Italy. Next stop: hide and leather. Read 822 times Last modified on Monday, 31 August 2020 09:47 Marcello Cordovani Marcello Cordovani is the founder and co-owner of VITORITALY. He is also the Tour Manager of the private tour of Italy Leave a comment Opening time
Navigating the balance amongst resting and replenishing nutrients for optimum well being positive aspects. Intermittent fasting (IF) is just not a diet regime as considerably as it is an eating style. Intermittent fasters wait anyplace from 12 to 48 hours among meals, with all the concept of having the body into a fasting state. Throughout history, we? Ve frequently had periods of feast and famine. Our bodies are set up to perform particular jobs in each state. In our existing three-square-meals-a-day meals culture, 24-hour grocery shops and food-delivery services, we spend all of our time inside a state of nutritional cellular abundance; our bodies by no means get a chance to reset. On the fasted road, the physique draws upon stored fats and carbohydrates for energy. It makes use of up glycogen within a procedure called glycolysis, after which consumes stored fat in a procedure define nursing informatics referred to as ketosis. Although glucose is the body? S preferred fuel supply, the body adapts pretty swiftly for the transition from making use of stored glucose to employing ketone bodies (or fats) for energy. There are numerous varieties of autophagy however the main two are: macroautophagy, which is initiated via nutrient deprivation and chaperone mediated autophagy. Macroautophagy is initiated initially, in response to caloric restriction/fasting and workout. If caloric restriction extends for any extended adequate period, the chaperone mediated autophagy requires over as the dominant form. Chaperone mediated autophagy can be a additional selective, extra targeted process. Interestingly, exercising has been shown to potently induce autophagy in many research 1, two, 3. A all-natural resulting question is regardless of whether dietary fasting can additional offer wellness advantages via autophagy on prime of exercising. In other words, are physical exercise and fasting synergistic for autophagy, or is there a limit to how much we of this key process we are able to induce? Research attempting to answer this question are just becoming published, but some research are beginning to shed light on the query. Intermittent fasting (IF) might be defined as an consuming pattern with periods of little to no energy intake interspersed with periods of normal energy intake, adhered to on a repeating basis. Though scientific evidence on IF continues to be forming, the most recent studies show that IF shows promising rewards for the physique and brain. Nonetheless, eliciting the reported added benefits entails greater than adopting periods of no energy intake. Just as workout regimens should be tailored to folks to be maximally useful, so should the practice of intermittent fasting. The practitioner should be capable to commit to IF and integrate it into a holistic program of healthier lifestyle options created to enhance general well-being. In ketosis, the physique is capable to go into a cellular recycling method called autophagy. This course of action is unique to a fasted state. Autophagy, a Greek word which means? Self-eating,? Is often a way for the physique to clean up and do away with broken cells. This could initiate molecular changes in the physique that boost cellular repair and gene expression. Based on registered dietitian Felicia Stoler, autophagy is a critical cellular approach for proper immune program function and, possibly, longevity. In 2016, the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine was awarded to cellular biologist Yoshinori Ohsumi for his work in identifying and observing this extraordinary cellular phenomenon. It ought to be noted right here that IF, although pretty beneficial for the physique, shouldn’t be taken to extremes. While ketosis can trigger cellular cleanup, it could also bring about cellular death when incurred more than long periods of time. The important with correct IF is always to adhere to periods of fasting with consumption of nutrient-rich whole foods. Tinggalkan Balasan Alamat email Anda tidak akan dipublikasikan.
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Skip to main content Tests for your health and your child’s If you’re considering getting pregnant, you may have mixed feelings. While it’s exciting to welcome a new baby, it’s also natural to feel overwhelmed. You want to ensure your baby is healthy throughout your pregnancy and after birth—especially if they’re at risk for genetic disorders. Genetic disorders like sickle cell disease, Tay-Sachs disease, and muscular dystrophy can all pass to your baby if you have any of the genetic risk factors. “People who have genetic disorders or who have family members with genetic disorders are sometimes hesitant to have children because they’re worried they will pass on the disease,” said W. Andrew Faucett, a professor in genomic medicine who directs community engagement and public education for Geisinger’s MyCode Community Health Initiative. “Genetic counseling services can determine if your child is at risk for genetic disorders and provide support along the way and help you prepare for the birth of a child with special needs.” What genetic counselors do Genetic counselors help people understand how birth defects, genes and medical conditions run in families. You can undergo genetic counseling before or during a pregnancy. A genetic counselor will help you interpret the results of genetic tests (like blood tests) and help you make decisions about your pregnancy and how to best care for your child. “Genetic counselors can help you understand the chances of your baby having a genetic condition,” said Faucett. “They can answer medical questions, provide education and resources and also provide emotional support. Genetic counselors help people adapt and prepare for any risks or conditions.” Conditions like Down syndrome, cystic fibrosis, sickle cell disease, cleft palate and heart defects can all be identified during pregnancy. By identifying these conditions, it is possible to begin treatments early and create therapy strategies. Besides finding pregnancy risks, genetic counseling can help you assess your own health risks. Test results can tell if you’re at an increased risk for heart disease or certain cancers. For example, tests can find genes like BRCA1 and BRCA2, both of which are associated with breast and ovarian cancer. Here are five reasons that genetic counseling may be right for you. You or a relative has an inherited disease Genetic diseases are common in some families and ethnic groups. If you or a family member has an inherited disease, genetic counseling can help you understand your risk of inheriting or passing on the disease. “Not all diseases are inherited the same way,” said Faucett. “It’s possible to have a genetic disease that does not pass to your children. Likewise, it’s possible that you and your partner could be carrying genes for a genetic disorder and not even know it. Genetic counseling helps you understand the risks of passing on a condition and educates you about caring for a child with a genetic condition.” You’re over 35 and considering having a child People 35 and older are at risk of certain genetic disorders if they get pregnant. “Studies show that people who are 35 years old or older are more likely to have a child with a genetic disorder than younger people,” said Faucett. “Autism and Down syndrome are two examples of conditions that appear to be linked to increased parent age.” You’ve had a child with a genetic disorder If you’ve already had a child with a genetic disorder, you may be wondering if your next child will have one, too. Since genetic inheritance patterns can be complicated, genetic counselors can help parents understand the chances of another child having a similar (or different) genetic disorder. You’ve had abnormal prenatal test results During pregnancy, your doctors will do tests to monitor how your baby is growing and developing. During these tests, they may get readings that are abnormal. In this case, they may recommend you see a genetic counselor. Through genetic testing, genetic counselors can identify disorders and even recommend early treatments. You’ve had a previous miscarriage or lost a child If you’ve had two miscarriages or had a child pass away, your doctor may recommend genetic counseling. By using genetic tests and medical information from your previous pregnancies, your genetic counselor can help assess your risk in future pregnancies. If you’re interested in genetic counseling, talk to your doctor. They can recommend a counselor that suits your needs. Get answers you can trust to your pregnancy and childbirth questions.
Agoraphobia Medication : Here’s a Powerful Way to Treat It agoraphobia medication Healthzia – Agoraphobia is a type of anxiety disorder in which there is excessive fear of open spaces or public places. Sufferers usually avoid places or situations that might cause panic, feeling trapped, helpless, or embarrassed. Then what agoraphobia medication can you do? Here is the information for you. Possible situations or places can include using public transportation, being in an open or closed space, standing in line, or being in a crowd. Sufferers may feel that they need someone, such as relatives or friends, to go out with them in public places. What are the symptoms of agoraphobia? Below is information about the symptoms of agoraphobia that you should be aware of: • Fear of leaving the house for long periods of time. • Fear of being alone in a social environment. • Feeling the fear of losing control in public. • Haunted by the feeling of being in a place that makes him easily trapped, such as an elevator or a car. • Separating or isolating oneself from others. Agoraphobia is usually followed by panic attacks. Agoraphobia sufferers can experience attacks when they get into situations that are not pleasant to them. Panic attacks can present with symptoms such as: 1. Sweating 2. Burning sensation in the body 3. Shivering 4. Nausea 5. Diarrhea 6. Tingling sensation 7. Chest pain 8. Pounding 9. Hard to breathe 10. Dizzy 11. Shaky 12. Choking taste What causes agoraphobia? The exact cause of agoraphobia is still unknown. However, there are several factors that are known to increase the risk of agoraphobia, such as: • Other phobias such as claustrophobia and social phobia • Other anxiety disorders such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) • History of physical or sexual abuse • Substance abuse problems • Family history Agoraphobia is more common in women than men. This disorder usually appears in young adults, with an average age of about 20 years. Is there a way to diagnose agoraphobia? Agoraphobia is diagnosed based on signs and symptoms. The doctor will ask about your symptoms, including when they appear and how often you experience them. The doctor will also ask about your previous medication history and your family history. Blood laboratory tests may also be needed to rule out other possibilities that could be the cause of your condition. To be diagnosed with agoraphobia, a person must experience fear or anxiety in two or more of the following circumstances: 1. Using public transportation, such as trains or buses 2. Being in the open, such as supermarkets or parking lots 3. Being in a narrow and closed place, such as a car or elevator 4. In the middle of the crowd 5. There is far from home alone. What are agoraphobia medications? A person with agoraphobia will feel afraid to leave the house and will likely have feelings of loneliness and isolation. Even so, there are several ways you can deal with feelings of anxiety that occur. Here is some information that can be used for agoraphobia medication: 1. Seek professional help Agoraphobia is a treatable condition. There are many mental health specialists who can help you review your symptoms, diagnose current conditions, and develop a treatment plan. The medical professional will be ready to provide a safe and effective recovery plan. Agoraphobia can generally develop in the first year when a person starts having persistent and unpredictable panic attacks. Therefore, it is important to seek professional help as soon as symptoms appear. A person with long-term agoraphobia can have positive results and see improvement with professional help. 2. Learn relaxation techniques Relaxation techniques are a strategy that can help relieve feelings of anxiety such as agoraphobia. These techniques can help relieve tension throughout your body and relax your nervousness. This can be learned easily at home. Start practicing this method to manage panic attacks, reduce negative thoughts, and have a relaxing effect on the body. 3. Reduce feelings of stress that arise Stress can be a major source of anxiety. Stress has been known to cause many physical and mental health problems. Also, feeling too much stress can potentially trigger some of the symptoms of agoraphobia. To reduce the symptoms of panic and anxiety that can occur, try learning some techniques to control feelings of stress. 4. Take medicine One of the drugs that can be consumed to treat agoraphobia that occurs is antidepressant drugs. Several types of antidepressants are often used to treat anxiety in a person, but these anti-anxiety drugs have certain limits. In addition, anti-depressants are much more effective than anti-anxiety medications used to treat agoraphobia medication. That is the information we can convey about agoraphobia medication. Hopefully this article is useful for all of you and your family. Don’t forget to contact your closest doctor if there is something wrong with you or your family. And do a healthy lifestyle by exercising regularly every day, and eating fresh fruit and green vegetables. healthlineMayo Clinicnimh Leave a Reply
Is Renewable Energy More Efficient? When it comes to powering the world we live in, there are countless ways to generate energy: some are simple to generate but damage the environment while others are easy to generate but expensive to maintain. When we’re dealing with renewable energy sources, the main goals are to offset the release of CO2, save money, and supply energy efficiently. It’s easy to assume that because they’re better for the environment, renewable sources of energy are also more efficient, but that may not always be the case. Here, we’ll explore some of the many renewable energy sources and how efficient they are. What is the efficiency of renewable energy? When it comes to energy efficiency, renewable energy is generally more efficient than non-renewable energy. The energy we get from wind, the sun, and hydro turbines can be reused without relying on an exhaustible or finite element. We then have to factor in the product after the electricity has been produced. Non-renewable energy sources result in the waste of coal or natural gas. This requires additional energy and environmental mitigation. For this reason, the efficiency of usable energy for the least efficient source of energy — coal — comes in at a meager 29% of its original energy value. Wind, on the other hand, provides an impressive 1,164% of its original input of energy! Scientists and environmentalists are hopeful that more environmentally friendly energy options will continue to be developed. The hope is that in time we will not need to rely on fossil fuels. What type of renewable energy is the most efficient? It is generally believed that wind is the most efficient way to harness renewable energy. Because windmills can be placed in open areas also used for farming, they offer flexibility. Generally, rows of wind turbines are constructed along coastal areas where nothing can hinder the flow of wind. It is estimated that this industry could make up as much as 35% of US electrical production in 20 years’ time. As well as being able to physically fit the infrastructure into areas on land and sea, wind energy is drought-proof. The manufacturing and distribution of wind turbine parts have no relationship with water itself, and, once built, wind turbines do not require any fuel to function. In drought-prone or low-income areas, this is vital as a row of wind turbines could make the difference between free, sustainable energy and expensive, non-renewable energy. When it comes to the top five most efficient energy sources available, geothermal energy, hydroelectricity, nuclear, and solar power come after wind power. What is the least-efficient renewable energy source? The least efficient renewable energy source is solar thermal energy. This is different from the solar power we normally think of that converts the sun’s rays into energy. Solar thermal energy uses the sun’s heat to create steam, which then turns a turbine to generate electricity. It requires the use of water (in the form of steam), so is much less efficient than other forms of renewable energy. Is renewable energy more efficient than non-renewable energy? This depends on the specific energy source we look at, and when and where in the world it is being used. For example, solar power can be extremely efficient in certain parts of the US, particularly the areas that are exposed to long daylight hours with intense heat levels. As you’d expect, solar panels are also at their most effective during the summer months. But in countries such as Norway and Iceland, which may experience as few as two daily hours of daylight during certain times of the year, solar panels may not be the most efficient energy source. And when it comes to countries that are landlocked, they do not have the option of setting up offshore wind turbines, and certain countries are not yet developed enough to afford solar panels and geothermal energy plants. On the whole, though, renewable energy is far more efficient due to the simple fact that it doesn’t have to be extracted from the earth and transported elsewhere for use. We all know that much of the world has relied on the Middle East for oil for decades, and that oil has to be transported (hence why we experience oil spills that damage entire ecosystems). Clearly, that is much less efficient way of creating energy than solar panels. How do we measure how efficient renewable energy is? Energy efficiency is a multi-faceted concept, and there are many elements that can impact the efficiency of each energy source. When measuring energy efficiency, we must look at the amount of energy that can be translated into electricity and how much environmental clearing is needed. This process is measured as LEC – Levelized Energy Cost. LEC is the total amount of energy needed to build, manufacture, and run an energy plant. The LEC is a figure that factors in how much money will be returned to the manufacturer, material suppliers, and investors as much as fuel costs and projected utilization. What is the best renewable energy source for the future? There are many promising sources of energy that may not have reached the mainstream yet. One of these is space-based solar farms, a concept first proposed in 1968 by an aerospace engineer named Peter Glaser. The selling point of this process is that, for the most part, sunlight in space is uninterrupted. The solar technology we use today is entirely reliant on weather conditions, and we can only harness solar power during daylight hours. Space-based solar farms would eliminate these issues due to the absence of night-time blackouts and wet weather. In addition, the sunlight outside the Earth’s atmosphere is said to be around 30% more intense than the sunlight on the Earth’s surface. Since its inception, the idea of space-based solar farms has been discussed heavily among scientists and renewable energy engineers, but it hasn’t yet come to fruition due to complications with the process of returning the energy back to the Earth. These issues are currently being assessed, and it has been reported that space energy may be viable within the next 30 years. Another promising energy source that has not yet become commercially available is human energy; in other words, the kinetic energy and heat produced through the movement of human bodies. There’s also core geothermal energy, which is energy directly derived from the Earth’s core, and quantum dot solar cell technology. For now, though, one of the most efficient, Earth-friendly, and sustainable sources of energy is wind power. It helps to offset CO2 emissions equalling nearly 42 million cars' worth in 2019 alone. It avoids the release of greenhouse gases and fossil fuels, helping to contribute to better respiratory health and reduction in cases of asthma. It also powers job growth, with more than 530 factories across the US building wind turbine-related parts. Wind farms also leave surrounding ecosystems almost entirely untouched, causing minimal damage to wildlife and land. In short, wind energy offers the most economical, environmental, and logistical benefits of any energy source. Look to Inspire to learn more about the benefits of renewable energy. How can we achieve greater energy efficiency? It can be frustrating and disheartening to read about the damage done by non-renewable energy sources every day. Thankfully, there are many ways we can achieve greater energy efficiency while also saving money, combating climate change, and striving for cleaner air. We can achieve this in the following ways: • Using energy-efficient light bulbs and energy-efficient devices for lighting, heating, cooling, refrigeration, etc. • Rethinking the way we design buildings, for example allocating specific buildings to feature solar panels and placing them in areas with optimum sunlight. • Including energy efficiency as a module topic in state schools so that students are educated about what it means to make the most of sustainable energy sources. • Businesses and organizations establishing energy efficiency policies so that customers are incentivized to support companies that use more sustainable, energy-efficient practices. • Maintaining an awareness of the energy we use at home, switching off lights when we leave a room, only using heating and air conditioning when necessary, etc. • Switching to an energy provider that uses clean, affordable, and renewable energy. Of course, some of the ways we can strive to achieve greater energy efficiency are dependent on the actions of large businesses, corporations, and governments. But by making small changes to the way we live, we can help create a more energy-efficient future. One of the easiest and cheapest ways to ensure that we as individuals make the most of wind power is by switching to a company that allows us to choose clean energy sources. Inspire is a renewable energy company that champions the use of clean, sustainable, and affordable energy. We want to help you bring this country’s greenhouse gas emissions as close to zero as possible. We’re determined to increase access to clean energy while creating a greener, safer future for our planet. If you’d like to learn more about how to switch to renewable energy, visit Inspire today.
how many minutes will it take the car to travel 19 1/5 km? 1. 👍 2. 👎 3. 👁 1. What is the car's speed in km/h? 1. 👍 2. 👎 Ms. Sue Respond to this Question First Name Your Response Similar Questions 1. physics several students are riding in bumper cars at an amusement park. the combined mass of a car A and its occupants is 250 kg. the combined mass of car B and its occupants is 200 kg. Car A is 15 m away from car B and moving to the 2. Calculus A radar gun was used to record the speed of a car (in feet per minute) during selected times in the first 2 minutes of a race. Use a trapezoidal sum with 4 intervals to estimate the distance the car covered during those 2 minutes. 3. Math A car traveled 36 miles in 45 minutes, the car traveled at a constant speed. If the the car continues to travel at this rate, which equation can be used to determine y, the total number of miles the car will travels in x hours? 4. math On the fastest speedways some drivers reach average speeds of 4 miles per minute. Write a formula that gives the number of miles m that such a driver would travel in x minutes. How far would this driver travel in 36 minutes? 1. Math (unit rates) A car traveled on the highway at 65 miles per hour for 45 minutes. What distance did the car travel? 2. calculus Two roads intersect at an angle of 48º. A car and truck collide at the intersection, and then leave the scene of the accident. The car travels at 100 km h down one road, while the truck goes 80 km h down the other road. Fifteen 3. Physics A car is moving at 20 m/s. The driver applies the brakes and the car decelerates at 1 m/s2. How long will it take the car to stop and how far will it travel until it stops 4. Math The average travel time to work for a person living and working in Kokomo, Indiana is 17 minutes. Suppose the standard deviation of travel time to work is 4.5 minutes and the distribution of travel time is approximately 1. science It takes stu, a slimy slug, 20 minutes to travel from his favorite bush to the local trach can (a trip of 30 meters), how far can he travel in 1 hour (60 minutes)? 2. Math A car traveled at a constant speed for 4 hours and covered 144.6 miles. It used 12 gallons of gas to travel this distance. How far did the car go in 1 hour? How far did the car travel on 1 gallon of gas? 3. math A group of students have volunteered for the student council car wash. Janet can wash a car in m minutes. Rodrigs can wash a car in m-5 minutes, while Nick needs the same amount of time as Janet.If they all work together, they can 4. Physics A car sits in an entrance ramp to a freeway, waiting for a break in the traffic. The driver sees a small gap between a van and an 18-wheel truck and accelerates with constant acceleration along the ramp and onto the freeway. The You can view more similar questions or ask a new question.
Follow EcoPress on Twitter “Like” NREL EcoPress Event: February, 2013- Renowned ecologist Dan Simberloff draws record crowd to FRSES keynote talk By Julie Kray More than 350 students, faculty, and local scientists piled into CSU’s Cherokee Park Ballroom for Tuesday afternoon’s keynote speaker, Dr. Dan Simberloff of the University of Tennessee and Institute for Biological Invasions. The unprecedented turn-out was a testament to Dr. Simberloff’s foundational contributions to invasion ecology and conservation biology (read a short biography and learn of his numerous accolades here). To describe the scene as a “packed house” would have been an understatement. The whole show had to be moved to a larger room, as we were violating the building’s fire code. Dr. Simberloff quipped, “I didn’t realize I had the reputation of being such an incendiary speaker.” After settling in, Dr. Simberloff took us on a journey from the 18th century inception of invasion ecology, which began with people simply wondering “which species are where?,” to its present incarnation, where molecular genetics and the call to measure ecosystem-wide impacts of invasions are pushing the field steadily forward. Surprisingly, although Charles Elton penned a book on the subject in 1958, invasion research did not truly come alive until the 1980’s with the SCOPE project. At this time, scientists studied devastating island invaders like the mongoose, or the brown tree snake on Guam, and aquatic invaders like the Nile perch, which is solely responsible for the extinctions of 100-200 native cichlid fishes in Lake Victoria. New frontiers in invasion ecology Ecologists today can use genetic markers to identify where particular invasive species have come from (in some cases, they arrive through multiple introductions from several locations) and the extent of hybridization between invasive species and native relatives in their new environments (this can lead to newer generations of SUPER invaders). These markers can even be used to show how invasive species sometimes spread right beneath our noses as we mistake them for native look-alikes (a.k.a. “cryptic invasions”). Invasion research has also shifted from an initial focus on individual invasive-native species interactions to exploring how invasive species can alter many interrelated bits and pieces of ecosystems. Some examples include the discovery of multiple invasive plant, bird, and mammal species facilitating the spread of one another on the island of Hawaii (what Simberloff refers to as an “invasional meltdown,” see Vitousek et al. 1989 Ecological Monographs); and the effect invasions have at multiple trophic levels, from soil microbes to seabirds (Fukami et al. 2006 Ecology Letters). But even though we are now understanding ever more the complexities wrapped up in the causes and effects of invasions, we still don’t have any easy answers for the question, “What should we DO about it?” Controversies in invasive species management The heart of Dr. Simberloff’s talk presented and diffused five common arguments against managing to control invasive species, many of which were most recently raised by a commentary published in Nature (Davis et al. 2011). 1. Which introduced species are truly harmful? Most of them don’t seem to be having any impact… Dr. Simberloff pointed out that we often don’t know whether introduced species are having harmful impacts until it is too late–many negative impacts have a lag time before they are noticeable, and many impacts are not immediately obvious (such as a change in nitrogen cycling). We do know that many introduced species don’t spread quickly right away, but their populations “explode” suddenly at a later time. For this reason, Simberloff argues strongly for proactive management as soon as an introduced species is detected, as opposed to the “wait-and-see-if-it-becomes-a-problem” approach. 2. Introduced species often increase local biodiversity… Sure, introductions can increase the number of species in an environment, but this is usually temporary, and often comes at the loss of native species–permanently. One example: prior to human colonization, there were 114 native bird species on the island of Hawaii. Now, the island has gained 53 introduced bird species, while at least 55 of the original native birds have gone extinct. We are left to consider, was this a “good” trade? 3. Are actions against introduced species xenophobic? Some have suggested that the terms for invasive species and the reactions they provoke are unnecessarily emotionally charged. In reality, however, there is no parallel between invasive species and xenophobia related to human immigration. 4. Efforts to contain invasions are futile. While the work of containing or halting the advance of invasive species can be challenging and at times extremely expensive, it is far from impossible, and new technologies are making it easier all the time. Again, Simberloff argues that stronger preventative measures and early action to eradicate introduced species are the best approach, before the task becomes increasingly daunting. 5. Animal rights objections to eradication and management of some invasive vertebrates. This argument, he admitted, is difficult to counter if one believes that every living thing has a “right to exist” (versus the idea that a species has a right to exist). Reconciling these viewpoints may be one of the great challenges to future efforts of invasive species management. We were fortunate indeed to hear Dr. Simberloff’s perspectives, given his vast experience working on invasion ecology from both science and policy angles. His provocative talk nicely set the stage for a memorable 19th annual FRSES.
/Can Mooreâs Law work again today? (via Qpute.com) One of the first concepts that computer science students are introduced to is that of Mooreâs Law. Somewhat ironically though, Mooreâs Law has become somewhat distorted over the years. When it was introduced way back in the 1960s, Mooreâs Law stated that the number of transistors that can be placed into one square inch will double every year (although some sources say 18 months). I have to admit that I seriously thought about not writing this article because there is so much ambiguity surrounding Mooreâs Law. I have heard quite a few different variations of the law, with the most common being that available computing power (as opposed to the number of transistors that can fit into one square inch) will double every 18 months. I have also seen sources that indicate that Mooreâs Law stopped working years ago, while others claim that Mooreâs Law is still working to this day. Mooreâs Law and a limit to limitless moore's law Regardless of how you define Mooreâs Law, there are limits to the amount of computing power that current technology can produce. Chipmakers are already producing CPUs with 14nm transistors. These transistors only contain a few dozen atoms (roughly 67). Further reducing the size introduces problems stemming from quantum tunneling, but there are plans to eventually create processors that utilize 5nm transistors. The reason why I mention this is because even the current generation CPUs feature transistors that are made up of fewer than 100 atoms. Think about that for a second. Cells in the human body can range between 5,000 and 100,000 nanometers in size. A 14nm transistor is truly minuscule. There will eventually come a day when an atomâs size becomes the limiting factor (assuming that there is a way to overcome the challenges of quantum tunneling that must be dealt with first). For those who prefer the much broader definition of Mooreâs Law, which states that available computing power, not transistors, doubles every 18 months, then the challenge becomes an issue of how to get that computing power. One option is to create physically larger and larger CPUs, thereby increasing the transistor count. However, that approach presents challenges related to the ability to create chips of that size with the required level of precision. There would also likely be issues with heat dissipation. Even the speed of electricity could one day become a limiting factor. So long, silicon? So, what would it take for Mooreâs Law to continue to work well into the distant future? The solution that I hear discussed most often is that of building CPUs from something other than silicon. Gallium Arsenide, for example, has occasionally been pitched as an alternative to silicon. In my opinion, the use of exotic materials will probably be an important stepping stone in the quest to produce ever more powerful CPUs, but I doubt that it will be the basis for a solution that keeps Mooreâs Law working indefinitely. Any substance, regardless of what it is, has certain molecular properties. These properties will ultimately define the substanceâs limitations. Overcoming these limits will ultimately be a matter of coming up with new microprocessor architectures that are radically different from those used today. Being that I do not work for a chip manufacturer, I have no way of knowing what concepts those companies are exploring for futuristic microprocessors, but I do have a few ideas of my own. One possibility is to base logic circuits on something other than the transistor. I have no idea what might replace the transistor (aside from quantum bits), but there are a couple of reasons why I think that the chip manufacturers need to look beyond the transistor. First, the transistor is nearing its scalability limits. As previously mentioned, there are major technical challenges associated with creating transistors that are smaller than 14nm. moore's law Transistors are showing their age The second reason why I think itâs time to look for a different technology is because the transistor is ancient technology. Bell Laboratories invented the transistor way back in 1947. That was 72 years ago! Of course, I realize that the microscopic transistors used in modern integrated circuits are vastly different from the transistor that Bell Laboratories created so long ago, but modern transistors still work in essentially the same way as their nearly century-old counterpart. Incidentally, the computer predates the transistor. Early computing devices were based on the use of vacuum tubes. Iâm certainly not suggesting that we go back to using vacuum tubes, but rather I am making the point that there is no universal law mandating that computers be based on the use of transistors. Another way in which computers of the future might get a boost in processing power is by utilizing harmonic waves. This idea is a little bit difficult to explain, but it is something that I have been working on for a long time. The best real-world analogy to the harmonic wave concept is music. If you forget about sharps and flats, there are only seven musical notes (A, B, C, D, E, F, and G). Even so, there are vast differences in the way that various musical artists sound from one another. Iron Maiden, for example, sounds absolutely nothing like Britney Spears, even though both are limited to using the same seven notes. Additionally, musical notes can be grouped into octaves. There are high Cs and low Cs, for example. The note sounds different depending on which octave it is played in. Now, imagine that those notes are not actually notes, but rather data. I envision a chip that can perform rapid frequency shifts (similar to switching octaves or switching instruments) on the various data streams, but with the frequency itself acting as part of the data. Itâs very possible that this concept will end up being better suited for use in storage or broadband transmission rather than the CPU. Still, itâs a new way of thinking about data processing. Quantum computing is the future moore's law Ultimately, I think that the quantum computer will probably replace traditional silicon models, at least in situations that demand the greatest amount of processing power available. Of course, quantum computing poses its own challenges. Current generation quantum computers have to maintain a cryogenic state, and they cannot run conventional software. Even so, I donât think that we have yet reached the limit of what can be done with more conventional CPUs. MIT Technology Review recently published an article explaining that a team at MIT had successfully created a chip that was based on the use of carbon nanotubes. Each tube has the diameter of a single carbon atom. According to the story, carbon nanotube transistors outperform their silicon counterparts but are up to 10 times more energy efficient. Perhaps most importantly, however, the chip that was created by MIT can run conventional software. In spite of all of its advantages, carbon nanotube-based processors are not ready for general use. The manufacturing process creates two different types of nanotubes. One type is perfect for use in digital electronics, while the second type undermines the circuitâs performance. The next challenge will be for researchers to figure out a way to isolate the two different types of nanotubes from one another so that a chip can be created using only the desirable type of nanotube. Featured image: Pixabay Post Views: Read Next
Sarthaks Test 0 votes in Political Science by (15 points) edited by The Azamgarh Proclamation of August 25, 1857 stressed on which one of the following issues ? (a) Hindu-Muslim divide (b) Support to the English Government (c) The return of the Badshahi (d) The imposition of heavy Jumas (revenue demand) Please log in or register to answer this question. 1 Answer 0 votes by (6.2k points) (a) Hindu-Muslim divide The Azamgarh proclamations of 25th August 1857 stressed on the issue of unity among Hindus and the Muslims of the country. The proclamation constantly appealed to people belonging to different caste and creed to remain together in this hour of crisis. Majority of the proclamations were carried out under the name of the Muslim princes or by them but they also addressed the sentiments of Hindus.The rebellion act was considered as a war in which both Muslims and Hindus were to be affected equally in case of loss or win. The ishtahars drew attention to the pre-British era where both the Hindu-Muslim experienced a glorified past and the coexistence of various communities during the reign of Mughal Empire. The proclamation which was issued under the name of Bahadur Shah made a heartfelt request to the people to come together and fight under the acceptance of both Mahavir and Muhammad. It was commendable that there was hardly any noticeable incident of religious divisions between the community of Hindus and Muslim during the uprising despite attempts were carried out by the British to create one.The British spent Rs 50000 in Bareilly, western Uttar Pradesh to instigate the Hindu community against the Muslims but failed.
Busy. Please wait. show password Forgot Password? Don't have an account? Sign up Username is available taken show password Already a StudyStack user? Log In Reset Password Didn't know it? click below Knew it? click below Don't know Remaining cards (0) Normal Size Small Size show me how History: Roman Ampi What is an ampitheatre? An open circular or oval building with a central space surrounded by tiered seating. Who usually fought in an amphitheater? Gladiators (slaves, usually captured soldiers) The most popular form of entertainment was gladiator fights. True or false? True Where were amphitheater’s located? In almost every major Roman city What was the most famous amphitheater? The Colosseum in Rome How many people could the Colosseum hold? Over 50,000 spectators in tiered seating What other feature did the Colosseum have? A canopy, to protect people from the sun How was the seating arranged? It was strictly arranged by social status and gender. Patrician men-> Plebeian men-> Foreign men-> Patrician and plebeian women and slaves at the very back. Who were gladiators? Gladiators were usually former soldiers captured in battle and sold as slaves. How did gladiators dress? In very different styles How did they train? They trained in special schools How were they treated by ordinary romans? Like modern day sports stars How were they different to each other? Each gladiator would be best at using one set of weapons Retiarius A gladiator who would use a trident and net Murmillo A gladiator who used a soldiers shield and sword How often would they fight to the death? What was the reason? They rarely fought to the death because they were expensive to buy, train and feed that their owners wanted a longer return on their investment. So they just fought till one was too badly injured to continue. Apart from gladiator fights, what else was held in amphitheaters? -Fights between people and exotic wild animals -Executions of criminals -Myths and legends acted out for the crowd -Mock sea battles Created by: KMcBride007 Pass complete! "Know" box contains: Time elapsed: restart all cards

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