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Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and how much of it is software? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:24.680 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Yeah, that's a good, deep question. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:26.640 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | In a sense, it's the old question of nurture and nature, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:29.800 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | how much is in the gene, and how much | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:32.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | is in the experience of an individual. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:36.440 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Obviously, it's both that play a role. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:41.280 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And I believe that the way evolution gives, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:44.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | puts prior information, so to speak, hardwired, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:53.040 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | is not really hardwired. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:55.760 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | But that's essentially an hypothesis. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:17:58.400 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | I think what's going on is that evolution has almost | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:02.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | necessarily, if you believe in Darwin, is very opportunistic. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:10.000 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And think about our DNA and the DNA of Drosophila. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:14.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Our DNA does not have many more genes than Drosophila. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:24.320 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | The fly. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:28.800 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | The fly, the fruit fly. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:29.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Now, we know that the fruit fly does not | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:32.560 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | learn very much during its individual existence. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:35.520 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | It looks like one of these machinery | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:39.680 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | that it's really mostly, not 100%, but 95%, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:42.360 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | hardcoded by the genes. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:47.240 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | But since we don't have many more genes than Drosophila, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:51.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | evolution could encode in as a general learning machinery, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:18:55.040 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and then had to give very weak priors. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:02.640 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Like, for instance, let me give a specific example, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:09.840 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | which is recent work by a member of our Center for Brains, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:15.000 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Minds, and Machines. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:18.160 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | We know because of work of other people in our group | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:20.680 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and other groups, that there are cells | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:24.440 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | in a part of our brain, neurons, that are tuned to faces. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:26.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | They seem to be involved in face recognition. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:31.160 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Now, this face area seems to be present in young children | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:33.840 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and adults. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:41.600 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And one question is, is there from the beginning? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:44.600 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Is hardwired by evolution? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:48.400 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Or somehow it's learned very quickly. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:51.760 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | So what's your, by the way, a lot of the questions I'm asking, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:55.000 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | the answer is we don't really know. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:19:58.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | But as a person who has contributed | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:00.920 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | some profound ideas in these fields, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:04.520 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | you're a good person to guess at some of these. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:06.440 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | So of course, there's a caveat before a lot of the stuff | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:08.360 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | we talk about. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:11.200 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | But what is your hunch? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:11.760 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Is the face, the part of the brain | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:14.680 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | that seems to be concentrated on face recognition, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:16.400 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | are you born with that? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:20.120 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Or you just is designed to learn that quickly, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:21.240 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | like the face of the mother and so on? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:25.160 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | My hunch, my bias was the second one, learned very quickly. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:26.920 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And it turns out that Marge Livingstone at Harvard | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:32.280 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | has done some amazing experiments in which she raised | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:37.240 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | baby monkeys, depriving them of faces | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:41.480 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | during the first weeks of life. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:45.200 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | So they see technicians, but the technician have a mask. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:48.560 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Yes. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:53.000 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And so when they looked at the area | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:20:55.080 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | in the brain of these monkeys that were usually | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:02.000 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | defined faces, they found no face preference. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:05.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | So my guess is that what evolution does in this case | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:10.840 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | is there is a plastic area, which | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:16.800 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | is plastic, which is kind of predetermined | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:19.760 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | to be imprinted very easily. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:22.760 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | But the command from the gene is not a detailed circuitry | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:26.520 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | for a face template. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:30.160 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Could be, but this will require probably a lot of bits. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:32.280 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | You had to specify a lot of connection of a lot of neurons. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:36.280 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Instead, the command from the gene | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:39.720 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | is something like imprint, memorize what you see most | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:42.320 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | often in the first two weeks of life, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:47.400 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | especially in connection with food and maybe nipples. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:49.480 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | I don't know. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:53.440 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Well, source of food. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:54.640 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And so that area is very plastic at first and then solidifies. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:21:55.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | It'd be interesting if a variant of that experiment | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:00.320 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | would show a different kind of pattern associated | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:03.600 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | with food than a face pattern, whether that could stick. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:06.800 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | There are indications that during that experiment, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:10.200 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | what the monkeys saw quite often were | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:14.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | the blue gloves of the technicians that were giving | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:19.560 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | to the baby monkeys the milk. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:23.200 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And some of the cells, instead of being face sensitive | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:25.560 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | in that area, are hand sensitive. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:29.400 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | That's fascinating. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:33.680 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Can you talk about what are the different parts of the brain | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:35.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and, in your view, sort of loosely, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:40.600 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and how do they contribute to intelligence? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:43.920 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Do you see the brain as a bunch of different modules, | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:45.760 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | and they together come in the human brain | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:49.520 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | to create intelligence? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:52.440 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Or is it all one mush of the same kind | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:53.800 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | of fundamental architecture? | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:22:59.320 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | Yeah, that's an important question. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:04.600 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | And there was a phase in neuroscience back in the 1950 | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:08.840 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | or so in which it was believed for a while | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:15.200 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | that the brain was equipotential. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:19.360 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | This was the term. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:21.920 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | You could cut out a piece, and nothing special | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:22.960 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | happened apart a little bit less performance. | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:28.000 |
Tomaso Poggio: Brains, Minds, and Machines | Lex Fridman Podcast #13 | There was a surgeon, Lashley, who | https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0013-large.html#00:23:32.360 |
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