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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
because in this zone, you're not conscious of inner voice anymore, there's always inner
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:37:30.840
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
voice nagging you, you have to do this, you have to do that, you have to pay your taxes,
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:37:35.620
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
you have to fight with your ex and all of those things, they're always there.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
But when you're in the zone, all of that is gone and you're just in this wonderful state
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
where you're fully out in the world, you're climbing or you're rowing or biking or doing
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
soccer or whatever you're doing and sort of consciousness is this, you're all action or
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:37:51.480
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
in this case of pure experience, you're not action at all but in both cases, you experience
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
some aspect of conscious, you touch some basic part of conscious existence that is so basic
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
and so deeply satisfying.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
You I think you touch the root of being, that's really what you're touching there, you're
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:38:12.720
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
getting close to the root of being and that's very different from intelligence.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
So what do you think about the simulation hypothesis, simulation theory, the idea that
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:38:21.800
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
we all live in a computer simulation?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Rapture for nerds.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Rapture for nerds.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
I think it's as likely as the hypothesis had engaged hundreds of scholars for many centuries,
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
are we all just existing in the mind of God?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
And this is just a modern version of it, it's equally plausible.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
People love talking about these sort of things, I know they're book written about this simulation
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
hypothesis, if that's what people want to do, that's fine, it seems rather esoteric,
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
it's never testable.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
But it's not useful for you to think of in those terms, so maybe connecting to the questions
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:38:58.320
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
of free will which you've talked about, I vaguely remember you saying that the idea
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
that there's no free will, it makes you very uncomfortable.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
So what do you think about free will from a physics perspective, from a conscious perspective,
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
what does it all fit?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Okay, so from the physics perspective, leaving aside quantum mechanics, we believe we live
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
in a fully deterministic world, right?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
But then comes of course quantum mechanics, so now we know that certain things are in
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
principle not predictable, which as you said I prefer, because the idea that the initial
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
condition of the universe and then everything else, we're just acting out the initial condition
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
of the universe, that doesn't…
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
It's not a romantic notion.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Certainly not.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Now when it comes to consciousness, I think we do have certain freedom.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
We are much more constrained by physics of course and by our past and by our own conscious
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
desires and what our parents told us and what our environment tells us.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
We all know that, right?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
There's hundreds of experiments that show how we can be influenced.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
But finally in the final analysis, when you make a life – and I'm talking really about
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
critical decision where you really think, should I marry, should I go to this school
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
or that school, should I take this job or that job, should I cheat on my taxes or not?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
These are things where you really deliberate and I think under those conditions, you are
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
as free as you can be.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
When you bring your entire being, your entire conscious being to that question and try to
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
analyze it under all the various conditions, then you make a decision, you are as free
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
as you can ever be.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
That is I think what free will is.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
It's not a will that's totally free to do anything it wants.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
That's not possible.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Right.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
So as Jack mentioned, you actually write a blog about books you've read, amazing books
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
from, I'm Russian, from Bulgakov, Neil Gaiman, Carl Sagan, Murakami.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
So what is a book that early in your life transformed the way you saw the world, something
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
that changed your life?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Nietzsche I guess did.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
That's Brooks R. Truster because he talks about some of these problems.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
He was one of the first discoverer of the unconscious.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
This is a little bit before Freud when he was in the air.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
He makes all these claims that people sort of under the guise or under the mass of charity
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
actually are very noncharitable.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
So he is sort of really the first discoverer of the great land of the unconscious and that
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
really struck me.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
And what do you think about the unconscious, what do you think about Freud, what do you
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
think about these ideas?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Just like dark matter in the universe, what's over there in that unconscious?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
A lot.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
I mean much more than we think.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
This is what a lot of last 100 years of research has shown.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
So I think he was a genius, misguided towards the end, but he started out as a neuroscientist.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
He contributed, he did the studies on the lamprey, he contributed himself to the neuron
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
hypothesis, the idea that there are discrete units that we call nerve cells now.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
And then he wrote about the unconscious and I think it's true, there's lots of stuff happening.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
You feel this particular when you're in a relationship and it breaks asunder, right?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
And then you have this terrible, you can have love and hate and lust and anger and all of
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
it's mixed in.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
And when you try to analyze yourself, why am I so upset?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
It's very, very difficult to penetrate to those basements, those caverns in your mind
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
because the prying eyes of conscious doesn't have access to those, but they're there in
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
the amygdala or lots of other places.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
They make you upset or angry or sad or depressed and it's very difficult to try to actually
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
uncover the reason.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
You can go to a shrink, you can talk with your friend endlessly, you construct finally
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
a story why this happened, why you love her or don't love her or whatever, but you don't
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
really know whether that actually happened because you simply don't have access to those
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
parts of the brain and they're very powerful.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
Do you think that's a feature or a bug of our brain?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
The fact that we have this deep, difficult to dive into subconscious?
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
I think it's a feature because otherwise, look, we are like any other brain or nervous
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
system or computer, we are severely band limited.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
If everything I do, every emotion I feel, every eye movements I make, if all of that
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
had to be under the control of consciousness, I wouldn't be here.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
What you do early on, your brain, you have to be conscious when you learn things like
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
typing or like riding on a bike, but then what you do, you train up routes, I think
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
that involve basal ganglia and striatum.
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
You train up different parts of your brain and then once you do it automatically like
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0002-large.html#00:43:54.640
Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
typing, you can show you do it much faster without even thinking about it because you've
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
got these highly specialized, what Frans Krik and I call zombie agents, they're taking care
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
of that while your consciousness can sort of worry about the abstract sense of the text
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Christof Koch: Consciousness | Lex Fridman Podcast #2
you want to write.
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