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Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Because you know the context.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:00.940
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You understand what the person's doing or add additional channels like voice or gestures
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:03.180
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
or even physiological sensors, but I think it's very dangerous to just take this oversimplistic
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:10.300
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
approach of, yeah, smile equals happy and...
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:17.020
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
If you're able to, in a high resolution way, specify the context, there's certain things
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:20.060
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
that are going to be somewhat reliable signals of something like drowsiness or happiness
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:25.020
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
or stuff like that.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:31.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
I mean, when people are watching Netflix content, that problem, that's a really compelling idea
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:32.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
that you can kind of, at least in aggregate, highlight like which part was boring, which
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:40.300
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
part was exciting.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:46.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
How hard was that problem?
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:47.660
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
That was on the scale of difficulty.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:08:50.300
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
I think that's one of the easier problems to solve because it's a relatively constrained
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Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
environment.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:00.140
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You have somebody sitting in front of...
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:00.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Initially, we started with like a device in front of you, like a laptop, and then we graduated
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:02.780
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
to doing this on a mobile phone, which is a lot harder just because of, you know, from
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:07.820
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
a computer vision perspective, the profile view of the face can be a lot more challenging.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:12.140
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
We had to figure out lighting conditions because usually people are watching content literally
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:17.900
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
in their bedrooms at night.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:23.180
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Lights are dimmed.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:24.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Yeah, I mean, if you're standing, it's probably going to be the looking up.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:25.420
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
The nostril view.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:30.220
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Yeah, and nobody looks good at it.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:31.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
I've seen data sets from that perspective.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:34.060
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
It's like, this is not a good look for anyone.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:36.140
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Or if you're laying in bed at night, what is it, side view or something?
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Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Right.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:44.460
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And half your face is like on a pillow.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:44.940
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Actually, I would love to know, have data about like how people watch stuff in bed at
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:47.580
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
night, like, do they prop there, is it a pillow, the, like, I'm sure there's a lot of interesting
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:09:56.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
dynamics there.
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Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Right.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:04.060
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
From a health and well being perspective, right?
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Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Sure.
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Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Like, oh, you're hurting your neck.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:07.580
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
I was thinking machine learning perspective, but yes, but also, yeah, yeah, once you have
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:08.540
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
that data, you can start making all kinds of inference about health and stuff like that.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:13.740
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Interesting.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:18.060
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Yeah, there's an interesting thing when I was at Google that we were, it's called active
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:19.260
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
authentication, where you want to be able to unlock your phone without using a password.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:26.700
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So it would face, but also other stuff, like the way you take a phone out of the pocket.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:32.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Amazing.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:38.940
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So that kind of data to use the multimodal with machine learning to be able to identify
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:39.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
that it's you or likely to be you, likely not to be you, that allows you to not always
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:45.260
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
have to enter the password.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:50.220
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
That was the idea.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:51.260
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
But the funny thing about that is, I just want to tell a small anecdote is because it
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:52.700
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
was all male engineers, except so my boss is, our boss was still one of my favorite humans,
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:10:58.540
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
was a woman, Regina Dugan.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:09.660
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Oh, my God, I love her.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:12.300
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
She's awesome.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:14.140
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
She's the best.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:14.940
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
She's the best.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:15.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So, but anyway, and there's one female brilliant female engineer on the team, and she was the
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:16.300
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
one that actually highlighted the fact that women often don't have pockets.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:25.900
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
It was like, whoa, that was not even a category in the code of like, wait a minute, you can
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:30.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
take the phone out of some other place than your pocket.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:37.340
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So anyway, that's a funny thing when you're considering people laying in bed, watching
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:41.260
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
a phone, you have to consider if you have to, you know, diversity in all its forms,
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:45.580
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
depending on the problem, depending on the context.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:51.820
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Actually, this is like a very important, I think this is, you know, you probably get
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:53.900
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
this all the time.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:58.140
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Like people are worried that AI is going to take over humanity and like, get rid of all
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:11:58.940
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
the humans in the world.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:03.100
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
I'm like, actually, that's not my biggest concern.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:04.300
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
My biggest concern is that we are building bias into these systems.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:06.540
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And then they're like deployed at large and at scale.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:10.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And before you know it, you're kind of accentuating the bias that exists in society.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:14.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Yeah, I'm not, you know, I know people, it's very important to worry about that, but the
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:19.660
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
worry is an emergent phenomena to me, which is a very good one, because I think these
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:26.940
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
systems are actually, by encoding the data that exists, they're revealing the bias in
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:32.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
society.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:39.660
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
They're both for teaching us what the bias is.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:40.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Therefore, we can now improve that bias within the system.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:43.340
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So they're almost like putting a mirror to ourselves.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:46.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Totally.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:49.980
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So I'm not.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:50.780
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You have to be open to looking at the mirror, though.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:51.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You have to be open to scrutinizing the data.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:53.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And if you just take it as ground.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:56.540
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Or you don't even have to look at the, I mean, yes, the data is how you fix it.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:12:59.500
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
But then you just look at the behavior of the system.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:02.860
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And you realize, holy crap, this thing is kind of racist.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:05.100
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Like, why is that?
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:08.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And then you look at the data, it's like, oh, okay.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:09.820
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And then you start to realize that I think that some much more effective ways to do that
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:11.740
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
are effective way to be introspective as a society than through sort of political discourse.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:15.820
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Like AI kind of, because people are for some reason more productive and rigorous in criticizing
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:23.020
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
AI than they're criticizing each other.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:34.060
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
So I think this is just a nice method for studying society and see which way progress
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:35.740
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
lies.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:41.340
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Anyway, what we're talking about.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:42.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You're watching the problem of watching Netflix in bed or elsewhere and seeing which parts
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:44.380
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
are exciting, which parts are boring.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:50.220
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You're saying that's relatively constrained because you have a captive audience and you
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:51.660
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
kind of know the context.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:56.620
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
And one thing you said that was really key is the aggregate.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:13:57.740
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
You're doing this in aggregate, right?
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:14:01.100
Rana el Kaliouby: Emotion AI, Social Robots, and Self-Driving Cars | Lex Fridman Podcast #322
Like we're looking at aggregated response of people.
https://karpathy.ai/lexicap/0322-large.html#01:14:02.380