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135
d3e7c77c-b8b9-4cfe-b286-cef51f0bfaf2
True about peripheral blood smear of plasmodium vivax?
Single ring with cytoplasm condensed around in each erythrocyte
Mature /old erythrocytes affected
Parasitized erythrocytes of same size as normal erythrocytes
Only ring and gametocytes are seen
0a
multi
Ans. is 'a' i.e.,Single ring with cytoplasm condensed around in each erythrocyte
Microbiology
null
40f39443-a88f-4798-91e9-cd706d2c9e94
Keratan sulfate I and II is found in
Cornea
Cartilage
Loose connective tissue
All of the above
3d
multi
Biologically Important GAGs:
Biochemistry
null
26ed3b96-cc93-4751-93a7-8a6e266ff4d4
The normal narrowing in the middle of the oesophagus is caused by -
Azygos vein
Hemiazygos vein
Right main stem bronchus
Left main stem bronchus.
3d
single
Left main stem bronchus crosses the esophagus.
Anatomy
null
bc3959e6-b787-4e57-a014-f1a6fdf45456
Beta alanine is formed from
Adenosine and thymine
Cytosine and Uracil
Cytosine alone
Adenosine alone
1b
single
Beta alanine is formed from cytosine and Uracil.
Biochemistry
null
15c9519c-fe4b-4c57-9175-42d92eee14a8
A case of murder with gunshot is repoed. A metal bullet is recovered from the body. Primary and Secondary markings on a metal bullet can be used for
Identification of weapon
To know the range of firing
Severity of tissue damage
To known tome of crime
0a
single
A i.e. Identification of weapon - Primary markings (class characteristics) and secondary markings (metallic fouling, individual or accidental characteristics) on a bullet can be used for identification of weaponQ. - Bullet is picked up with handsQ. Gunshot residue on hands can be detected by Dermal nitrate testQ.
Forensic Medicine
null
ec6babf8-6e3e-49af-aa46-c746a914850b
An 8 years old child has left sided flank pain and mental retardation. On ultrasound, a hyperechoic lesion in the right kidney and multiple lesions in the liver are noted. CT examination of the abdomen revealed -50 to -80 HU density of these lesions. The most probable diagnosis is:
Tuberous sclerosis
Hereditary hemangioblastoma
Autosomal recessive polycystic kidney disease
von Hippel-Lindau syndrome
0a
single
Answer- A (Tuberous sclerosis)AML is a benign clonal neoplasm consisting of varying amounts of mature adipose tissue, smooth muscle and thick-walled vessels.
Surgery
null
33fb763b-949b-4fc2-a844-42ecf2a7d64f
Acute complication of PEM – a) Hypothermiab) Hypoglycemiac) Hypokalemiad) Hypermagnesaemiae) Eosinophilia
ab
bc
abc
bcd
2c
single
S → Sugar deficiency, i.e. Hypoglycemia H → Hypothermia I  → Infection and septic shock EL → Electrolyte imbalance → reduced intracellular sodiurh, hypokalemia & hypomagnesemia. DE → Dehydration D → Deficiency of iron, vitamins and other micronutrients.
Pediatrics
null
17819a61-a4f2-4f92-93a0-a6de01eb8193
Hand deformity presennting as hyper-extension at the metcarpo phalaogeal joint and flexion at inter-phalanngeal joint, occurs due to paralysed
Flexor digitorum profundus
Lumbricals
Lumbricals and interossei
Extensor digitorum
2c
single
Interossei and lumbricalsflexes MCP (metacarpophallangeal joint) and extend IP (interphallangeal joint). Injury to interossei and lumbricals leads toclaw hand (extended MCP and flexed IP)
Anatomy
NEET Jan 2020
3c7d46b0-0513-412f-be41-62ef2f2ee337
5-year-old child presented with wheezing, hepatosplenomegaty, eosinophilia and having puppy and hoarse voice. The diagnosis is
Ascariasis
Toxocariasis
Trichenellosis
Enterobiasis
1b
single
(B) Toxocariasis # Toxocariasis: There are 3 major clinical syndromes associated with human toxocariasis: VLM, ocular larva migrans (OLM), and covert toxocariasis. The classic presentation of VLM includes eosinophilia, fever, and hepatomegaly, and occurs most commonly in toddlers with a history of pica and exposure to ...
Pediatrics
Miscellaneous
7fd2c005-d76d-42ed-af7d-72057f42daec
Hepatic necrosis is caused by:
Carbon tetrachloride
Phosphorous
Amanita phalloides
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. D. All of the above. (Ref. H-17th/pg. 1949; Table 299-1)Harrison's medicine 17th/pg. 1949 ........."Liver injury may follow the inhalation, ingestion, or parenteral administration of a number of pharmacologic and chemical agents. These include industrial toxins (e.g., carbon tetrachloride, trichloroethylene, and y...
Pharmacology
Adverse Drug Effect
e438eba5-d105-4181-bccf-f6418bb2b7f9
Best epidemiological tool for investigation of hepatitis B is:
Anti-HBsAg
Anti-HBcAg
Anti-HBeAg
HBcAg
1b
single
Ans. (b) Anti-HBcAg
Microbiology
null
db4c2766-4edc-4e14-9a8a-07677dc05974
What is the initial management of congenital Lens antigen are ?
Neoantigen
Sequestrated antigen
Altered antigen
Cross reacting
1b
single
Answer- B. Sequestrated antigenCeain self antigens are present in the close system and never exposed to the immune system during fetal life.These are known as hidden antigen or sequestrated antigens. E.g. Sperm antigen, lens proteins being enclosed in capsule.
Ophthalmology
null
1745c442-82de-46b3-aebb-d1b0783a8b99
Dalen fuchs nodule is a pathognomic feature of which of the following condition ?
Sympathetic opthalmitis
Sarcoidosis
Tuberculosis
Retinitis pigmentosa
0a
single
Dalen fuchs nodule refers tocollections of epithelial cells lying between Bruch membrane and the retinal pigment epithelium in sympathetic ophthalmitis.
Ophthalmology
null
b27f264f-9b40-406f-a7f6-f8caae3a80e6
Regarding laryngomalacia all of the following are true except
Stridor worsens on lying in prone position
Omega-shaped epiglottis
Inspiratory stridor
Most common congenital anomaly of the larynx
0a
multi
Laryngomalacia (congenital laryngeal stridor) It is the most common congenital abnormality of the larynx. It is characterized by excessive flaccidity of supraglottic larynx which is sucked in during inspiration producing stridor and Sometimes cyanosis. Stridor is increased on crying but subsides on placing the child in...
ENT
Larynx
58064deb-6396-48df-ba5b-ea4a4ced94cb
Which of the following is true about incidence?
Used for chronic conditions
Measures old & new cases
More than prevalence
Not affected by duration
3d
multi
INCIDENCE Incidence rate is defined as "the number of NEW cases occurring in a defined population during a specified period of time". It will be seen from the above definition that incidence rate refers a. only to new cases b. during a given period (usually one year) c. in a specified population or "population at risk"...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
418a3875-0237-4742-82eb-70337557f49a
Most commonly used tuning fork in ear examination is
128 Hz
256 Hz
512 Hz
1024 Hz
2c
single
512Hz is used normally Note: These tests are performed with tuning forks of different frequencies such as 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048 and 4096 Hz, But for routine clinical practice, tuning fork of 512 Hz is ideal. Forks of lower frequencies produce a sense of bone vibration while those of higher frequencies have a shoer ...
ENT
Ear
3954898f-9fe4-4eae-b687-9d68d85f9aaf
The acceptable noise level is -
95 dB
100 dB
90 dB
85 dB
3d
single
Sound in dB Effect 20 Whispering 40 Quiet library 60 Normal conversation 70 heavy street traffic 80 printing press 85 Recommended maximum 110 Train passing through station 120 Motor car horn 140 Threshold of pain 150-160 Mechanical damage Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th edition, Page No. 802
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
6b1958ff-79d1-44f2-b824-067533e9c8c3
Eugene Bleuler's four 'A' of schizophrenia are all EXCEPT
Autism
Affect
Anhedonia
Association
2c
multi
Ans. c (Anhedonia) (Ref: Psychiatry by Niraj Ahuja 5th/pg. 55)SCHIZOPHRENIA# It commonly begins in late adolescence, has an insidious (and less commonly acute) onset, and, classically, a poor outcome, progressing from social withdrawal and perceptual distortions to a state of chronic delusions and hallucinations.# Pati...
Psychiatry
Schizophrenia
99fcde35-e843-4894-952a-d979c8ca54db
Thalamus is the sensory relay station for all except
Pain
Fine touch
Taste
All
3d
multi
Thalamus messages sensory relay station for all the senses Ref: guyton and hall textbook of medical physiology 12 edition page number: 691,692,693
Physiology
Nervous system
021d259d-7309-4213-a626-997613439732
20 years old female from Bihar with erythematous lesion on cheek with central crusting, likely diagnosis:
SLE
Lupus vulgaris
Tinea versicolor
Cutaneous leishmananiasis
3d
single
-Central Clearing seen in : TineaQ -Central crusting seen in: LeishmaniasisQ -Central Scarring seen in: Lupus vulgarisQ
Dental
Mycobacterial Infections
549a3320-38f7-45e8-b0f4-ad443d797c1d
TB infection is due to deletion of which of the following genes?
ATG5
BCL-2
PTEN
P-53
0a
single
ATG 5 Gene isresponsible for controlling function of macrophages which leads to autophagy . Autophagy is a highly conserved process that degrades ceain intracellular contents in both physiological and pathological conditions. Autophagy-related proteins (ATG) are key players in this pathway, among which ATG5 is indispen...
Pathology
All India exam
387f829f-c07d-4dda-9ec5-9654de647c44
Tennis elbow is characterized by ?
Tenderness over the medial epicondyle
Tendinits of common extensor origin
Tendinitis of common flexor origin
Painful flexion and extension
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Tendinits of common extensor origin Tennis elbow is extraaicular affection characterized by pain and acute tenderness at the origin of the extensor muscles of the forearm from the lateral epicondyle. It is believed to be caused by strain of the forearm extensor muscles, paicularly the extensor carpi r...
Surgery
null
5b0a97f2-325c-4c76-8759-2c43e307c833
A 5-yr old boy is diagnosed with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. There is a mutation in the promoter site for the dystrophin gene. The true statement is:
Initiation of dystrophin protein is affected
Capping of dystrophin mRNA is affected
Poly-A tail of dystrophin mRNA is affected
Termination of dystrophin protein is affected
0a
multi
Defects that interfere with the translation reading frame or with the promoter sequence that initiates synthesis of dystrophin lead to an unstable, ineffective protein, as in Duchenne MD. Disruption of the translation process fuher down the sequence leads to production of proteins of lower molecular weight that, althou...
Biochemistry
null
3a4ec308-8b23-4496-b430-00ff74892b1b
Subluxation of lens occurs in
Down syndrome
Marfan's syndrome
Sturge Weber syndrome
Von-hipple syndrome
1b
single
(Marfan's syndrome): (214- Khurana 5th, 68- Nema 6th/e)SUBLUXATED LENS -The lens is kept in its position by the suspensory ligaments if the ligaments are weak or improperly developed the lens get subluxedClinico-ctiological typesI. Congenital displacement(a) Simple ectopia lentis(b) Ectopia lentis et papillae(c) Ectopi...
Ophthalmology
Lens
757184d0-7589-4d2b-902e-17717f2452e7
Which event occurs during ventricular diastole?
Filling of coronary aeries
Closure of mitral valve
Opening of pulmonary valve
Closure of tricuspid valve
0a
single
The coronary aeries are branches from the right and left cusps of the aoic valve. So, during systole, when the ventricles are contracting and the aoic valve is open, cusps of the aoic valve are covering the openings to the coronary aeries. This blockage, as well as the contraction of the ventricles, prevents the corona...
Physiology
null
88a86d22-0aef-4186-8b45-fe2d30ed42ef
Burden of malaria is be st estimated by -
Mosquito rate
API
Parasite rate
SPR
1b
single
Annual parasite rate (API) = Confirmed cases during 1 year/ population under surveillance x 1000 APIis a sophisticated measure of malaria incidence in society. Parasite rate is defined as the percentage of children between the ages 2 and 10 years showing malaria parasite in their blood films. Slide positivityrange is t...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
75a2aa07-60e6-4861-b163-8b5b8933673c
Coarctation of aorta is most commonly associated with –
VSD
PDA
Bicuspid aortic valve
ASD
2c
single
98% of coarctation of aorta is Juxta-ductal (at the origin of ductus arteriosus just below the origin of subclavian artery). Bicuspid aortic valve is associated in more than 70% of patients. It is also associated with : —> PDA, VSD, ASD, TGA, Hypoplastic left heart It is the most common CHD seen in Turner syndrome.
Pediatrics
null
c10ffd00-9f2a-45d3-8ea2-86e04b1127ec
A woman presents to the Gynecology outpatient department with a history suggestive of stress incontinence. Which of the following is the treatment of choice for genuine stress incontinence -
Burch Colposuspension
Kelly's Procedure
Sling Suspension Procedure
Tension Free Vaginal Taping
3d
single
Ans-D Tension Free Vaginal Taping (Ref. Shaw Gynecology 14th/pg. 175; TeLinde 9th/pg. 1052-1056; Novak's Gynecology 13th/pg. Chapter 20) Treatment of choice for genuine stress incontinence -Tension Free Vaginal Taping Gold standard treatment /Treatment with highest success rate is of Burch Colposuspension Operations fo...
Unknown
null
7de7635d-1516-4733-9850-4835da3b79f3
Trench fever is caused by: September 2004
Rochalimaea quintana
Rickettsia prowazaki
Rickettsia akari
Rickettsia typhi
0a
single
Ans. A i.e. Rochalimaea quintana
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
86155521-ea6f-485e-b258-14c51d44578e
A 19-year-old woman presented with primary amenorrhea, sho stature, webbed neck and widely spaced nipples. Examination showed weak pulses in lower extremity and streak ovaries, raised FSH, no oocyte in histology of ovary. Karyotype most likely to be present:KCET 12; JIPMER 12; AIIMS 13; PGI 13
45XO
47XXY
46XY
46XX
0a
single
Ans. 45XOTurner's syndrome is a genetic disease with a karyotype of 45, X or 46, XX/45, X (mosaicism) or other structural abnormalities of X chromosomes.With conventional chromosomal studies, about 50% of Turner syndrome patients show a 45,X pattern.* Mosaicism of 45,X with other cell lines such as 46,XX, 46,XY, or 47,...
Forensic Medicine
null
6d4eabfd-49d4-4884-a056-54b65910c5d6
Fastest acting schizontocidal drug among the fillowfol is
Aemether
Mefloquine
Chloroquine
Proguanil
0a
single
Ref-KDT 6/e p792 Aemisinin derivatives like dihydroaemisinin,aeether and aemether etc fastest acting anti malarial drugs
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
c1c34e74-acee-4437-9401-24012d87f236
Coenzyme required for transketolase reaction is
Ca2+
Mg2+
H+
PO4-
1b
single
Transketolase transfers the two-carbon unit comprising carbons 1 and 2 of a ketose onto the aldehyde carbon of an aldose sugar. It, therefore, effects the conversion of a ketose sugar into an aldose with two carbons less and an aldose sugar into a ketose with two carbons more. The reaction requires Mg2+ and thiamin dip...
Biochemistry
Metabolism of carbohydrate
2860cd26-5fec-445c-904e-67095651fd15
All the statements are true about standardization, except
Standardization allows comparison to be made between two different populations
The national population is always taken as the standard population
For direct standardization age specific rates of the study population are applied to that of the standard population
For indirect standardization age specific rates of the standard population are applied to the study population
1b
multi
Standard population: Is a population where numbers in each age and sex group are known Two frequently used standard populations are: Segi world population European standard population Choice of standard population is arbitrary: Available standard populations may be used Standard population may also be created using...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
d36cee9c-e038-44c3-be41-85da56c90077
Which of the following organs is not involved in Whipple's disease
Hea
CNS
Lungs
GI tract
2c
single
The organs in which these foamy macrophages can be seen are liver, small intestine, lymph nodes, hea,eyes,CNS,synvoial membrane of joints Refer Robbins 9/e p 792
Anatomy
G.I.T
7721a942-da57-47d1-b398-d361c370377c
Blindness in a child is most commonly due to -
Keratomalacia
Congenital cataract
Glaucoma
Injuries
0a
single
Keratomalacia is due to vitamin A deficiency. "Vitamin A deficiency is the most common cause of blindness in children in India". __ Philip Reily "Vitamin A deficiency is the single most important cause of blindness in children". — Wykoff
Ophthalmology
null
1f1921ec-60ec-42e2-a5ae-60451a35bf1c
Histoid leprosy is
Lepromatous Leprosy seen in HIV patient
Relapse of leprosy cases even after treatment
Dapsone resistant Lepromatous Leprosy
Leprosy seen in old age people
2c
single
Histoid leprosy is dapsone resistant lepromatous leprosy characterized by shiny papules on skin,which on histapathological examination shows spindle shaped cells.
Dental
null
08f3bf0c-adda-4d6b-9a65-04885defc090
Which of the following binds mRNA with ribosome in prokaryotes?
tRNA
Shine Dalgarno sequence
7 methyl guanosine capping
Poly A tail
1b
single
Shine Dalgarno sequence Only in prokaryotes present at -10 position on mRNA, Rich in purines. SD sequence is complementary to 16 s rRNA, Their binding helps in binding of mRNA with ribosome during initiation of translation * In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes recognize most eukaryotic mRNAs by binding to the 7-methylguanos...
Biochemistry
AIIMS 2019
b44c8ced-84d3-4ed2-a7d7-994375ab7107
Apoptosis can occur by change in hormone levels in the ovarian cycle. When there is no feilization of the ovum, the endometrial cells die because;
The involution of corpus luteum causes estradiol and progesterone levels to fall dramatically
LH levels rise after ovulation
Estradiol levels are not involved in the LH surge phenomenon
Estradiol inhibits the induction of the progesterone receptor in the endometrium
0a
multi
The stimulus for the corpus luteum to continue its function of progesterone production is LH. This stops after the 10th day of its formation in the absence of pregnancy. As the corpus luteum involutes, the levels of estrogen and progesterone falls and leads to a withdrawl bleed due to absence of progesterone that was s...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Normal Menstruation, Abnormal Menstruation, Menopausal Physiology and forsight of conception
467ebf53-e40a-4d06-b54b-ba68d9edb698
Denominator of infant moality rate is ?
Per live bih
Per 100 live bihs
Per 1000 live bihs
Per lakh live bihs
2c
single
Infant moality rate is no.of deaths of children less than 1year of age in a year divided by no.of live bihs in the same year.REF.PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE.Editon-21.Page no.-523
Social & Preventive Medicine
obstetrics,pediatrics and geriatrics
6c1a6858-ca94-4de2-b6ce-50d579a1db35
NOT a Spiral muscle among the following is
Sternocleidomastoid
Supinator
Pectoralis major
Trapezius
0a
single
Spiral muscle are Supinator Pectoralis major Trapezius Latissimus dorsi
Anatomy
null
039aa16c-8166-4043-afd1-86b5745ef2de
Which of the following is a quantitative defect in globin synthesis
Thalassemia
Sickle cell hemoglobinopathy
G6PD deficiency
Diamond-Black fan syndrome
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Thalassemia
Medicine
null
d281ef3c-ef36-4dea-97c7-ce48c6297ee8
Which is NOT a component of Wermer's -
Pituitary
Adrenal
Parathyroid
Pancreas
1b
single
Ans-B
Unknown
null
7b2f8418-9aaa-4a22-8e27-55cab49e12eb
Lateral border of cubital fossa is formed by?
Pronator teres
Brachioradialis
Supinator
Brachialis
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Brachioradialis
Anatomy
null
0f6734fa-fb78-4dd3-84bb-9edff2f2f25c
Dilutional hyponatremia is seen in ?
Addison's disease
Vincristine
Diuretic therapy
Craniphyrangioma
1b
single
Answer- B. VincristineAcute kidney injury (AKI) (ARF)CirrhosisNephrotic syndromeCardiac failureAnti cancer drugs
Medicine
null
1597116c-2747-4dfc-aa08-3170cbede9e5
Coenzyme in decarboxylation reaction:
Niacin
Biotin
Pyridoxine
Riboflavin
2c
single
Ans. C. PyridoxineCoenzyme for carboxylation reaction--BiotinCoenzyme for decarboxylation--PyridoxineCoenzyme for decarboxylation reactions of Alpha Ketoglutate dehydrogenase and Branched chain Ketoacid dehydrogenase-- Thiamine.
Biochemistry
Enzymes
9d7c3a72-3586-4a8c-9966-4718b0e0a6e8
A patient presented with complaints of dysphagia. On UGI Endoscopy a diagnosis of esophageal candidiasis was made. The organism obtained from the sample was cultured on a specialized media and the below findings were visible on microscopy of the culture. What phenomenon is shown below?
Germ tube formation
Spore formation
Mould to yeast formation
Budding
0a
single
(a) Germ tube formationCandidiasis* Candidiasis MC fungal infection in humans both in HIV and non-HIV infected people.* Caused by Candida, a yeast like fungus that produces pseudohyphae.Various species of Candida include:* Candida albicans: The most common and most pathogenic species* Other rare species are C. tropical...
Microbiology
Mycology
e5d9f8dc-da45-4367-b806-97e5764a4e21
Causative organism of which STD has safety pin appearance:
LGV
Chancroid
Syphilis
Herpes genitalis
2c
single
Ans. is. 'c' i. e., Chancroid
Microbiology
null
9ef92372-0343-405e-88af-c00100939074
Which of the following is the most severe form of Diptheria
Nasal
Cutaneous
Nasopharynx
Laryngopharynx
3d
single
Ref: Harrisons, 19th ed. pg. 978* Diptheria is a nasopharyngeal and skin infection caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae. Toxigenic strains of C. diphtheria produce a protein toxin that causes systemic toxicity, myocarditis, and polyneuropathy.* The toxigenic strains cause pharyngeal diphtheria, while the non-toxigenic...
Microbiology
Bacteria
ec10dc0f-21af-47fb-b6ba-391bc53a79af
True regarding peusis is all, except -
Infectivity is highest in paroxysmal state
Cross immunity is not seen with B. Parapeusis
Chronic carrier state is not seen
Secondary attack rate is 90%
0a
multi
<p> Peussis/Whooping cough:- An acute infectious disease ,usually of young children, caused by B.peussis. Clinically characterised by insidious onset with mild fever and an irritating cough, gradually becoming paroxysmal with the characteristic whoop often with cyanosis and vomiting. Also known as "Hundred day cough". ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
df223097-6528-40a2-97a3-c5d4e6f16642
Ear papilloma is a type of
Wa
Exostosis
Cutaenous horn
Dermoid cyst
0a
single
Ear papilloma is a type of wa.Squamous papillomas (SPs) are benign neoplastic lesions usually affecting the skin, oral mucosa, upper aerodigestive tract and genital organs. It is believed that the human papilloma virus (HPV) is an etiological factor of papillomas; thus, they are also called viral was Ref Harrison 20th ...
Dental
All India exam
4a045917-6039-48e6-80d0-4aa9a5cefb9f
All of the following are true for retinoblastoma except: March 2011
Leucocoria is the most common presentation
Always unilateral
May have family history
Most common age group affected is 1-2 year
1b
multi
Ans. B: Always unilateral The fellow eye in retinoblastoma, is affected, independently, not by metastasis, in about one-fouh of the cases Retinoblastoma/ Rb It is a rapidly developing cancer that develops in the cells of retina In the developed world, Rb has one of the best cure rates of all childhood cancers (95-98%),...
Ophthalmology
null
3cd17493-6dbc-41ce-88b1-f44cc76f3947
Bilateral facial palsy is caused by:
Leprosy
Gullain Barrie Syndrome
Sarcoidosis
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. D. All of the above. (Ref. H - 17th / pg. 2584; Greenberg Handbook of Neuro-Surgery /pg. 844)Bilateral facial palsy is caused by:# Leprosy, Gullain Barrie Syndrome, Sarcoidosis.Causes of facial palsy:# Lyme disease (Borrelia burgdorferi) can cause unilateral or bilateral facial palsies.# The Ramsay Hunt syndrome (...
Medicine
C.N.S.
684436ce-1d6f-4f0e-be65-2b71957b74d0
Silver impregnation technique is used in the identification of ?
Spirochaetes
Leptospira
Borrelia
All of the above
3d
multi
Silver impregnation: cells and structure too thin to be seen under the ordinary microscope may be rendered visible if they are thickened by impregnation of silver on the surface. Such a method is used for the demonstration of spirochetes and bacterial flagella REF:Ananthanarayan & Panicker's Textbook of Microbiology 9t...
Microbiology
general microbiology
f097082f-d487-403c-81a7-c8fa599c87d8
Treatment of primary angle closure glaucoma is
Trabeculectomy
Pilocarpine
Timolol
Iridectomy
3d
single
D i.e. Iridectomy
Ophthalmology
null
387def02-a206-45f6-ba58-d106b0cf87cc
Essential amino acid is
Alanine
Serine
Arginine
Proline
2c
single
A semi-essential amino acid that occurs in proteins and is involved in the urea cycle and in the synthesis of creatine. Preparations of the base or the glutamate or hydrochloride salt are used in the treatment of <a href=" and in the assessment of pituitary function.</p>Ref: Harper&;s Illustrated Biochemistry, 26th edi...
Biochemistry
Structure and function of protein
2a7375e5-ea60-4d1d-98cf-b73f5431c5df
Which virus remains dormant but can be reactivated is -
Herpes simplex
Herpes zoster
EBvirus
CMV
0a
single
Ans. is b Herpes zoster
Microbiology
null
4568ce20-50c9-4baa-ac83-b223128028e9
Vitamin synthesized from tryptophan -
Thiamine (Vitamin B1)
Riboflavin (Vitamin B2)
Niacin (Vitamin B3)
Pyridoxin (Vitamin B6)
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Niacin (Vitamin B3) o Tryptophan is oxidized to kynurenine, which is then converted to either niacin (nicotinic acid) or acetyl-CoA. In the reaction alanine is also produced.o Deficiency of tryptophan can cause deficiency of niacin (if also deficient in diet). This can leads to Pallegra: dermatitis, d...
Biochemistry
Vitamins
69340f98-4d1c-4c9d-9249-7cee69cb22ae
Histamine is mainly found within storage granules of mast cells but also found in other tissues like:
Gastric mucosa.
Oral mucosa.
Inner epithelium.
All of the above.
0a
multi
Histamine is mainly found within storage granules of mast cell but also found in other tissue Mast cell histamine – mast cell and basophile. Non mast cell histamine – Gastric mucosa.
Physiology
null
be776110-8f47-47ec-8215-71a538b8bcab
In third degree burns all are seen except
Painful
Vesicles are absent
Leathery skin
Reddish due to HB infiltration
0a
multi
Third degree burns Full thickness burn Involve all layers of dermis Characterized by hard leathery eschar, that is painless and black, white or cherry red No capillary refilling or pin-prick sensation All dermal and epidermal components are lost Heals only by wound contractures Require excision with skin grafting to he...
Anatomy
General anatomy
0ff97119-86ff-4d83-9468-9022fcda84ea
A patient presents with hyperacusis, loss of lacrimation and loss of taste sensation in the anterior 2/3rd of the tongue. Inflammation extends up to which level of facial nerve
Vertical part
Vertical part proximal to nerve to stapedius
Vertical part and beyond nerve to stapedius
Proximal to geniculate ganglion
3d
single
• If facial nerve inflammation extends proximal to geniculate ganglion, the clinical features are: Loss of lacrimation (later may present with crocodile syndrome); hyperacusis (loss of stapedial reflex); decreased salivation and loss of taste sensation on anterior 2/3rd tongue; paralysis of muscles of facial expression...
Anatomy
null
802a2c2d-b722-4407-9428-ad7bd43e53e9
The commonest anatomical position of appendix is
Retrocaecal
Pelvic
Paracaecal
Preileal
0a
single
A. i.e. Retrocaecal- Vermiform appendix develops from midgut loops, is supplied by appendicular branch of ileocolic aery. It has mesoappendix (mesentery) but no teniaMost common posiion of vermiform appendix is retrocecal (12 o'clock = 65%) followed by pelvic or 4 o'clock positions
Anatomy
null
14c10e85-6fa2-4eab-bdfd-a9689fe3cac6
&;Bends&; are due to
Escape of nitrogen bubbles from the myelin sheath of motor nerves
Blockage of pulmonary capillaries by the nitrogen bubbles
Blockage of blood vessels of brain and spinal cord
Nitrogen bubbles that form in muscles and joints
3d
single
Clinicians recognize three categories of DCS (Decompression Sickness).Mild or type I DCS can include sho-lived mild pains ("niggles"), pruritus, a skin rash, and deep throbbing pain ("bends") resulting from bubbles that form in muscles and joints. Serious or type II DCS can include symptoms in the CNS, lungs, and circu...
Physiology
Respiratory system
c2202de5-bb51-47c9-b154-ce9317f44904
Hypervitaminosis of which of the following will cause bony abnormalities –a) Vitamin Ab) Vitamin Dc) Vitamin Cd) Vitamin Ee) Vitamin K
ac
a
ad
ab
3d
single
Hypervitaminosis A Excess of vitamin A can lead to rupture of lysosomal membrane. Acute manifestations —4 Signs and symptoms are due to raised intracranial tension (pseudotuntor cerebri) --> headache, nausea, vomiting, drowsiness, bulging fontanelles, diplopia, papilledema and cranial nerve palsies. Chronic intoxicat...
Pediatrics
null
eb41c624-9e03-4a44-9aaa-8c0765045628
Number of Golgi tendon organs per 100 extrafusal muscle fibres
20-Oct
200-400
50-60
80-100
0a
single
About 1 golgi tendon organ is responsible for 10 to 20 extrafusal fibers Ref:Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:689
Physiology
General physiology
2cee0a24-a6d9-49b7-a703-c17af9972d4f
Fishnet appearance in immunoflorescence is seen in: (Repeat)
Pemphigus vulgaris
Bullous pemphigoid
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Darier disease
0a
single
Ans: A (Pemphigus vulgaris) Ref: Vesiculobullous disorders. In: Thuppa DM. editor Essentials in Dermatology, 2ndedn., New Delhi: Jay pee brothers medical publishers (P) Ltd 2009:114-26 Explanation:Pemphigus is an autoimmune blistering disorder characterized by autoantibody formation against the intercellular cementing ...
Skin
Pemphigus
e685f32f-17f9-4ee6-a9c8-058054cfdaf0
Which of the following agents is useful for the oral treatment ofboth pituitary as well as renal diabetes insipidus?
Vasopressin
Hydrochlohiazide
Chlorpropamide
Carbamazepine
1b
multi
(Ref: KDT 6/e p577, 578) Thiazides are useful in the treatment of central as well as nephrogenic DI. Vasopressin, chlorpropamide and carbamazepine are useful only in central DI.
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
ecc3559d-0bf7-432e-993e-b5432455f3d1
The tensile strength of the wound stas and increases after ?
Immediately after suturing
3 to 4 weeks
10-12weeks
after 6 months
1b
single
Wounds do not begin to gain tensile strength from collagen immediately after the suturing . Wound stas achieving tensile strength around 20 % by 3 weeks, and increases by around 80 % by 12 weeks. The maximum scar strength is 80% of that of unwounded skin. Scar tissue continues to remodel for at least 6 - 12 months afte...
Surgery
General surgery
e82db93e-e3d1-42f5-8bb5-e22ef68d6894
All of the following are paraneoplastic syndromes of bronchogenic carcinoma except:
Hyper calcemia
SIADH
Myasthenia gravis
Acanthosis nigricans
2c
multi
Bronchogenic carcinoma can lead to cambert-Eaton syndrome, not Myastheniagravis.
Surgery
null
e2f28f1e-623f-48dc-87f3-95708b125f8e
Encephalitis is cuased by -
HSV-1
EBV
Infectious mononucleosis
CMV
0a
single
HSV encephalitis though rare is the most common sporadic acute viral encephalitis in most pas of the world REF:ANATHANARAYAN AND PANIKER'S TEXTBOOK OF MICROBIOLOGY 8TH EDITION PAGE NO:469
Microbiology
Virology
4316633d-d026-4881-a698-fa68a4dbafae
Inability to suck on a straw may indicate lesion of which nerve?
II
V
VII
IX
2c
single
The orbicularis oris muscle encircles the opening of the mouth and helps to bring the lips together to keep the mouth closed. Pursing of mouth is due to orbicularis oris inseed into lips and angle of mouth supplied by VII nerve.The muscles of facial expression are innervated by branches of the facial nerve (VII). After...
Anatomy
null
1841694d-26bc-47b8-bd97-5cf2869ede37
All are manifestations of Kawasaki disease, Except-
Conjunctival congestion
Thrombocytopenia
Aneurysm of coronary aery
Pericarditis
1b
multi
Kawasaki disease is a vasculitis that mostly involves the coronary vessels. It presents as an acute systemic disorder, usually affecting children under 5 years. It occurs mainly in Japan and other Asian countries, such as China and Korea, but other ethnic groups may also be affected. Presentation is with fever, general...
Medicine
Immune system
dd9154c8-18f3-40ee-9309-5be6f26e6818
The advantage of using a tooth positioner as a retainer is :
Final setting of occlusion
Used in uncooperative patients
Esthetics
Gingival margin inflamed during orthodontic treatment
3d
single
The use of a tooth positioner rather than final settling archwires has two advantages:  It allows the fixed appliance to be removed somewhat more quickly than otherwise would have been the case (i.e., some finishing that could have been done with the final archwires can be left to the positioner) It serves not only to...
Dental
null
ae5ce7c8-205b-4fd9-830c-4b6507b0ea05
Caspases are seen in which of the following
Cell division
Necrosis
Apoptosis
Inflammation
1b
single
Ref, Robbins8/e p27,9/ep53
Anatomy
General anatomy
9d378e8b-b8e4-4256-8244-a96359b3242f
A patient with this tomogram would be most likely to present with which one of the following signs?
Uniocular blindness
Hemiplegia
Alexia without agraphia
Hemiballismus
1b
multi
Answer B. HemiplegiaThe tomogram shows a calcified object in the proximal right middle cerebral artery. Occlusion of the middle cerebral artery would be most likely to be associated with contralateral hemiparesis, as in this case. The other listed choices represent stroke syndromes that most typically involve other vas...
Medicine
C.N.S.
81143656-2b48-4792-a4a7-752a3a06dc04
18,20,22,24,26,28 and 30, Best Central tendency is determined by:-
Mean
Median
Mode
Range
0a
single
The Metric data is evenly dispersed around the mean, and it is not skewed, Hence the best measure of central tendency is MEAN. Median is preferred in case of Ordinal data; outliers. Mode is preferred in Nominal data.
Social & Preventive Medicine
Central tendency, Dispersion
9b4fda50-d2e0-4060-a86a-a30c481cb422
Most common thyroid Cancer is
Papillary carcinoma
Follicular carcinoma
Medullary carcinoma
Anaplastic carcinoma
0a
single
Papillary carcinoma of thyroid: - constitutes >85% of all thyroid carcinoma - occurs due to mutation of genes encoding: *RET gene *NTRK1 receptor tyrosine kinases *BRAF gene These tumours may be solitary or multivocal. On microscopy: - branching papillae with fibrovascular stalk lined by cuboidal epithelium - nuclei of...
Pathology
Endocrinology
f06bf0e1-0d76-421c-ac9c-b03d248f040b
"Hereditary angioneurotic edema" is due to deficiency of:
C1 inhibitor
S protein
C3b inactivator
C2 kinins
0a
single
Hereditary angioneurotic edema occurs due to deficient or defective C1 inhibitor Protein S deficiency- | risk of venous thrombosis
Pediatrics
Primary Immunodeficiency
792a1af3-30a1-44d8-8a8d-89ce0cb4d08e
Peripheral hea is another name for
Gastrocnemius muscle
Soleus muscle
Plantaris muscle
Popliteus muscle
1b
single
There are large valveless venous sinuses in the substance of soleus. When it contracts, the blood is pumped out of them and during rest the blood stagnates in them. Soleus is also known as because it actively helps in the venous return from the lower limb. (Ref: Gray's Anatomy, Churchill Livingstone, New York; 2005; 87...
Anatomy
Lower limb
12d3c277-66b4-4946-ab57-9d6f94e545b0
Which of the following is an antipseudomonal antibiotic?
Ciprofloxacin
Vancomycin
Cefaclor
Tetracycline
0a
single
Ciprofloxacin (prototype) It is the most potent first generation FQ acti\*e against a broad range of bacteria, the most susceptible ones are the aerobic gram-negati\*e bacilli, especially the Enterobacteriaceae and Neisseria. The MIC of ciprofloxacin against these bacteria is usually < 0.1 J.Ig/ml, while grampositive b...
Pharmacology
Chemotherapy
54906d43-e804-4cc1-9187-ce12d0f01d08
Anteroposterior diameter of skull is minimum in:
Dolicocephaly
Mesaticephaly
Brachycephaly
Trigonocephaly
2c
single
C i.e. Brachycephaly
Forensic Medicine
null
92dc1bda-5751-4027-8d04-10970e1981d2
Which absorbs least water?
Mucilage
Cellulose
Gums
Pectin
1b
single
Cellulose: It is unbranched, non-starch homopolysaccharide It is made up of b - Glucose Acts as FIBRES in the diet Cellulose is present in the cell walls of plants and other organisms FIBRES 2 TYPES: INSOLUBLE SOLUBLE Cellulose, Hemicellulose Excreted unchanged. Thus, it absorbs least water Pectins, Gums Absorbs H2O& c...
Biochemistry
NEET Jan 2020
e8c1fb2e-018b-43f5-a731-b48c60682c17
Preferred bacteriological indicator of faecal contamination of water: March 2012
Faecal streptococci
Cl. prefringens
Faecal staphylococci
E.coli
3d
single
Ans: D i.e. E. coli The primary bacterial indicator recommended for acceptability purpose is the coliform group of organisms as a whole. The coliform group includes both faecal (E.coli) and non faecal organisms (Klebsiella aerogens) Supplementary indicator organisms, such as faecal streptococci and sulphite-reducing cl...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
a94490c3-1963-4b58-8d63-103f27a62da4
Antibiotics recommended for treatment of bacterial vaginosis according to CDC include all except
Clindamycin
Erythromycin
Metronidazole
Tinidazole
1b
multi
Erythromycin is not included in regimens for treatment of bacterial vaginosis.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
85087c1e-da65-4197-9c52-18ecdd39bfba
DNA sequencing by the Sanger method takes advantage of which propey of DNA synthesis to generate a sequencing ladder?
Addition of nucleotides requires a free OH group on the 3' end of the DNA strand
DNA has a free 5' phosphoryl group
DNA polymerase has proofreading capabilities
Nucleotides are linked by phosphodiester bonds
0a
single
Addition of nucleotides requires a free OH group on the 3' end of the DNA strand The Sanger method of DNA sequencing is also known as chain termination sequencing. In this method, DNA strands are synthesized in the presence of a low concentration of dideoxynucleosides (ddNTPs) in addition to deoxynucleosides (dNTPs). I...
Surgery
null
6c961239-efa4-4cdb-8338-3f7db6987cef
PFK-1 is inhibited by:
Insulin
Citrate
Glucose-6-phosphate
AMP
1b
single
PFK-1 (Phosphofructokinase-1) is the rate limiting enzyme of Glycolysis. Allosteric activators AMP ADP K+ Phosphate Fructose 2,6-bisphosphate Allosteric inhibitors ATP Citrate Ca ++ Mg ++ Low pH
Biochemistry
Glycolysis
b4717cc2-6652-4340-a305-162106d8b655
A patient who was on aspirin for a long period was selected for an elective surgery. Which of the following should be done next in this patient?
Infusion of platelet concentrate
Infusion of fresh frozen plasma
Stop Aspirin for 7 days
Go ahead with surgery maintaining adequate hemostasis
2c
single
Aspirin inhibits platelet cyclooxygenase leading to irreversible platelet dysfunction. Since it takes 7-10 days to renew the circulating platelet pool, aspirin should be stopped 7-10 days before any surgical procedures. Non steroidal COX1 agents cause reversible inhibition of platelet cyclooxygenase so should be stoppe...
Anaesthesia
null
faf135e5-68d8-4ae8-af85-78eb9fa42aa3
Hyperuricemia in von Gierke disease is due to the deficiency of the following enzyme:
Defect in hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyl transferase
Glucose-6-phosphatase
Xanthine oxidase
Adenosine deaminase
1b
single
Purine overproduction and hyperuricemia in von Gierke disease (glucose-6-phosphatase deficiency) occurs secondary to enhanced generation of the PRPP precursor ribose 5-phosphate. The Lesch-Nyhan syndrome, an overproduction hyperuricemia characterized by frequent episodes of uric acid lithiasis and a bizarre syndrome of...
Biochemistry
null
3b08b774-7629-472b-a942-12e036390577
A variety of basic assays are used to detect autoantibodies. Nephelometry is based on the principle of:
Light attenuated in intensity by scattering
Refraction of light
Reduced transmission of light
Filtration of solutes by kidney
0a
single
Nephelometry measures the interaction of antibodies and antigens in solution, detecting immune complex formation by monitoring changes in the scattering of an incident light. Ref: Imboden J.B. (2007). Chapter 3. Laboratory Diagnosis. In J.B. Imboden, D.B. Hellmann, J.H. Stone (Eds), CURRENT Rheumatology Diagnosis & Tre...
Biochemistry
null
54fa918b-28dd-4e10-8f60-d76dea9266cc
Example of asymmetric mixed-onium chlorofumarate is:
Rocuronium
Vecuronium
Gantacurium
Atracurium
2c
single
Gantacurium represents a new class of nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers called asymmetric mixed-onium chlorofumarates. Ref: Miller's anesthesia-7th ed , Chapter 29.
Anaesthesia
null
9794c894-0fbe-461a-9a79-522a0f3c5fe8
Apoptosis is differentiated from necrosis by the following feature-
Absence of inflammation
Cell swelling
Disruption of plasma membrane
Passive process
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e. Absence of inflammation o Two very important differentiating features from necrosis are:-1) Absence of inflammation2) Intact cell membraneApoptosisNecrosiso Death of a single cello Death of many contiguous cells (usually)o Cell size decreases (Shrinkage)o Increased cell size (swelling)o Plasma membrane...
Pathology
Apoptosis
8cd13841-f9f9-46cb-a530-33d0f033d726
Gradenigo's syndrome is characterized by all except
Retro-orbital pain
Diplopia
Ear discharge
Veigo
3d
multi
Gradenigo's syndrome, also called Gradenigo-Lannois syndrome, is a complication of otitis media and mastoiditis involving the apex of the petrous temporal bone. It was first described by Giuseppe Gradenigo in 1904. Components of the syndrome include: retroorbital pain due to pain in the area supplied by the ophthalmic ...
ENT
Ear
496bf596-f3a8-49fe-bdc4-574c617b41f5
Colposcopy can visualize the all structures EXCEPT
Vulva
Vagina
Cervix
Endometrium
3d
multi
(Endometrium) (447-49-Shaw's Nth)COLPOSCOPY - uses in integrated screening programme of cervical cancer world overINDICATIONS - Diagnostic screening procedures are* Abnormal pap smear of cervix* Abnormal areas on the vagina and preoperative assessment in early stages of cancer cervix* Abnormal vulval area* Locate the a...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Miscellaneous (Gynae)
2aeeb5fc-2a4a-4b56-a275-be9ab99ebed6
In gastric outlet obstruction in a peptic ulcer patient, the site of obstruction is most likely to be
Antrum
Duodenum
Pylorus
Pyloric canal
1b
single
The common complications of peptic ulcer are perforation, bleeding and stenosis.The most common site for a peptic ulcer is the first pa of the duodenum.The most common site of bleeding from a peptic ulcer is the posterior aspect of the duodenum. Gastroduodenal aery is the common source ofmajor bleeding.The most common ...
Medicine
G.I.T
f74b53f1-ba8d-4d62-9373-96243e716da9
With respect to surgical repair of cleft palate, the soft palate is first repaired, ideal tune for which is
12 months
9 months
6 months
3 months
2c
single
Tunning of primary cleft lip and palate procedures (after Delaire) Cleft lip alone Cleft palate alone Clef lip and palate Unilateral(One side) : One operation at 5-6 months Bilateral (both sides) : One operation at 4-5 months Soft palate only : One operation at 6 months Soft and hard palatr : Two operations Soft palate...
Surgery
Head and neck
c3a13605-fa80-4fe6-935b-d2c5eef79a48
Patient diagnosed as squamous cell intraepithelial lesion which of the following has the highest risk for progression to carcinoma :
Low grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia
High grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia
Squamous intraepithelial associated with HPV 16
Squamous intraepithelial neoplasia associated with HIV
1b
single
Ans. is b i.e. High grade squamous intraepithelial neoplasia There are various nomenclatures / classification systems for repoing of Pap smear. The one which is classically used is by WHO, which uses the terms CIN-I, CIN-II and CIN-III (as discussed in chapter on CIN). Another system is devised Bethesda. It classifies ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
dab138ea-f4b2-4c62-ac1d-90fe4c4d874b
All the following conditions cause type I respiratory failure EXCEPT-
Acute asthma
Pulmonary edema
Pneumonia
Brainstem lesion
3d
multi
Type l respiratory failure occurs when alveolar flooding and impaired ventilation of pa of a lung occur(asthma or pneumonia),resulting in hypoxia and normo/hypocapnia(PaO2 <8 kPa and PaCO2 <50 mmHg).Alveolar flooding may be a consequence of pulmonary edema,pneumonia,or alveolar hemorrhage.Causes of type l respiratory f...
Medicine
Respiratory system
d67b6511-251f-4aac-8a9e-b440320e76ad
The following is not a Cushing triad:
Increased blood pressure
Irregular breathing
Decreased hea rate
Hallucination
3d
multi
Cushing reflex is produced due to increased intracranial pressure It produces 3 features called Cushing triad It includes Increased blood pressure Irregular breathing Bradycardia Ref: Guyton and Hall textbook of medical physiology 12th edition,page number:255
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
628cc6f2-d343-41bf-8a50-2ccc20ef8f5e
Apnea- hypopnea index > ______ is used for diagnosis of OSAHS in absence of symptoms?
5 episodes/ hr
10 episodes/ hr
15 episodes/ hr
20 episodes/ hr
2c
single
OSAHS is defined on the basis of nocturnal and daytime symptoms as well as sleep study findings. Diagnosis requires the patient to have (1) either symptoms of nocturnal breathing disturbances (snoring, snoing, gasping, or breathing pauses during sleep) or daytime sleepiness or fatigue that occurs despite sufficient opp...
Medicine
Respiratory Failure
b300987e-f5cd-4465-9178-f620a7627f2b
During the treatment with rifampicin some patients will have mild elevation in the bilirubin with normal transaminases.This is due to:
Hemolysis
Transient cholestasis with bile duct injury
Microsomal enzyme induction
Hepatic adaptation
3d
single
One form of hepatic adaptation includes drug induced hyperbilirubinemia , it is seen with rifampicin,flavaspidic acid,cyclosporine. Ref : Schiff's diseases of liver , Edition -11 , Page - 715.
Medicine
null
1f708caf-16a7-49ac-8330-1448c2065a40
Osteosarcoma originates from which type of cells
Osteocytes
Osteoblasts
Chondrocytes
Osteoclast
1b
single
BONE TUMOURS CELL OF ORIGIN BENIGN MALIGNANT OSTEOBLAST Osteoma OSTREOSARCOMA CHONDROBLAST CHONDROMA CHONDROSARCOMA CHONDROBLASTOMA OSTEOCHONDROMA OSTEOCLAST GIANT CELL TUMOR MALIGNANT GIANT CELL TUMOUR U M C (MEDULLA) ESINOPHILIC GRANULOMA MYELOMA ANGIOSARCOMA (EWING'S) LYMPHOMA (RCS) FIBROBLAST NON-OSSIFYING FIBROMA ...
Orthopaedics
Ohopedics Oncology