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135
3ceed2e4-f09e-4ced-878b-ea4c0feaf752
Sling psychrometer is used for measuring -
Air velocity
Rain fall
Median radiant temperature
Relative humudity
3d
multi
Relative humidity of air may be obtained from the readings of sling psychrometer /whirling psychrometer. Park's Textbook of Preventive and Social Medicine, 25th Edition, Pg 809
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
82ca1438-8fda-4318-9cd3-ca03bbc10080
All of the following are true regarding vancomycin except: September 2009
Excreted unchanged mainly by glomerular filtration
Poorly distributed in the body fluids
May cause red man syndrome
Not absorbed orally
1b
multi
Ans. B: Poorly distributed in the body fluids Vancomycin undergoes limited absorption when administered orally and is therefore restricted to parenteral administration for the treatment of systemic infections. It is distributed widely to various tissues and body fluids. Penetration of vancomycin may vary by site and co...
Pharmacology
null
492c8288-8531-42cf-a7bc-16e027a6d8a4
A 33-year-old man suddenly develops severe dyspnea with wheezing. On physical examination, his vital signs are temperature, 37deg C; pulse, 95/min; respirations, 35/min; and blood pressure, 130/80 mm Hg. A chest radiograph shows increased lucency in all lung fields. Arterial blood gas analysis shows PO2, 65 mm Hg; PCO2...
Cytokine gene polymorphisms
Foreign body aspiration
Inhalation of environmental inorganic dusts
Inheritance of a CFTR gene mutation
0a
multi
Asthma, particularly extrinsic (atopic) asthma, is driven by a type I hypersensitivity response and is associated with an excessive TH 2 and TH 17 cell-mediated immune response. Genetic factors are important in the pathogenesis of atopic asthma and linkage to cytokine genes that map on 5q are strongly associated with d...
Pathology
Respiration
929be62d-80a6-4840-9ebc-1ea442032d26
All statements regarding ketamine are true except –
May be arrythmogenic
Raised ICT do not respond to CO2 level
Vasodilator and negative ionotropic effect
Psychomimetic emergence
1b
multi
Cerebrovascular responsiveness to CO2 is preserved, and reducing the arterial CO2 tension by hyperventilation attenuates the ketamine induced rise in IOT. Ketamine has direct myocardial depressant and vasodilator effect. It also has indirect sympathomimetic action which predominates over direct depressant and vasodilat...
Anaesthesia
null
857aa740-edcd-48e4-9c38-c13229e4b225
To avoid pocket formation distance between the finish line and alveolar crest should be:
0.5 mm
1 mm
1.5 mm
2.5 mm
3d
single
If the distance between finish line and the alveolar crest is less than 2mm, the restoration may lead to gingival. inflammation, loss of alveolar crest and pocket formation.
Dental
null
ab0aec7c-4eaf-45bc-b2c0-f0dfc3170cde
Vascular sign of narath is seen in-
Dislocation of hip
Dislocation of knee
Dislocation of elbow
Dislocation of shoulder
0a
single
Vascular sign of Narath *Normally femoral pulse is felt in the groin against head of the femur. *In posterior dislocation of hip the vessels fall back unsuppoed, so femoral aerial pulsation, which isn't felt against the head of the femur will be feeble or even, may not be palpable. Ref: Textbook of Ohopaedics by kotwal...
Orthopaedics
Pelvis and Hip injuries
7a1abcaa-0e5e-4b67-958f-3c8c69de2537
What are the findings in U/S, which suggests incompetent os :
Cervical length
Funneling of amniotic sac
Internal os
All
3d
multi
Ans. is a, b and c i.e. Cervical length; Internal os; and Funneling of amniotic sac Cervical incompetence : Cervical incompetence is characterised by painlessdeg cervical dilatation in the seconddeg or early third trimesterdeg with ballooning of the amniotic sac into the vaginadeg, followed by rupture of membranes and ...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
48d21353-ce61-476c-9477-7673b822ada1
Mechanism of action of tetanospasmin
Inhibition of GABA release
Inhibition cAMP
Inactivation of Ach receptors
Inhibition of cGMP
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Inhibition of GABA release . Tetanospasmin blocks the release of inhibitory neurotransmitters (GABA and glycine) in brain-stem and spinal cord.
Microbiology
null
927e979b-a80f-4159-b13e-b616ec4d2f9d
The middle cardiac vein is located at the:
Anterior interventricular sulcus
Posterior interventricular sulcus
Posterior AV groove
Anterior AV groove
1b
single
B i.e. Posterior interventricular sulcus vein & posterior interventricular br. of right coronary aery is located in poster inter ventricular sulcus Q
Anatomy
null
a9556210-9b96-4d21-baae-b02e56fa0bf9
Maximum global warming is by?
Desflurane
Isoflurane
Sevoflurane
Halothane
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Desflurane Desflurane is a greenhouse gas. It causes maximum global warming. Global warming potential (as an equal amount of O2) Isoflurane 210 times Sevoflurane 510 times Desflurane 1620 times
Anaesthesia
null
5ef1686e-584a-4515-8e09-b2ed6eca82db
High stationary stage of Demography cycle is characterized by ?
High bih rate, low death rate
Low bih rate, high death rate
Low bih rate, low death rate
High bih rate, high death rate
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., High bih rate, high death rate
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
7e221978-9183-49ab-b5f3-3b57293ecda2
All of the following can occur in a neonate for heat production except
Shivering
Breakdown of brown fat with adrenaline secretion
Universal flexion like a fetus
Cutaneous vasoconstriction
0a
multi
On exposure to cold and wet environment, the neonate tries to generate heat by increasing physical activity(crying, increased body movements) and by mounting a sympathetic surge that causes peripheral vasoconstriction and non-shivering thermogenesis in the brown fat. Reference : page 143 Ghai Essential Pediatrics 8th e...
Pediatrics
New born infants
0385ffea-aa76-4383-bfd4-9d2956a5789d
Which of the following drugs is most likely to cause hypoglycemia when used as a monotherapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes?
Acarbose
Glipizide
Metformin
Rosiglitazone
1b
single
(Ref: KDT 6/e p266, 267) hypoglycemia is caused by the drugs that cause release of insulin. Two group of such drugs are sulfonylureas (like chlorpropamide, glipizide etc) and meglitinides (e.g. Repaglinide)
Anatomy
Other topics and Adverse effects
5b3e2777-fb32-4a6a-a586-550896f4abfe
Source of ammonia in urine ?
Glutaminase
Urease
Glutamate dehydrogenase
Arginase
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., Glutaminase In many tissues like liver, kidney and brain, ammonia combines with glutamate to yield glutamine, by the action of glutamine synthase. The brain is a rich source of glutamine synthase and it predominantly detoxifies ammonia by this route. ATP ADP+Pi Glutamate + NH, 4 Glutamine Glutamine sy...
Biochemistry
null
3183b786-3544-4fc6-bed0-f4becc1c171c
An 80-year-old woman is admitted to the intensive care unit with sepsis due to a urinary tract infection. While in the ICU she develops atrial fibrillation with rapid ventricular response and is treated with a loading dose of amiodarone. She converts to sinus rhythm and is sent home on amiodarone to prevent recurrences...
Stop the amiodarone and follow the TSH and the clinical response.
Start low dose levothyroxine and repeat TSH in 6 weeks.
Start a beta-blocker and begin weaning off the amiodarone.
Check for anti-TPO antibodies to help guide your decision.
1b
single
Amiodarone is a widely used antiarrhythmic drug. It is related structurally to thyroid hormone and is stored in adipose tissue. The drug has a high iodine content as well. Taking amiodarone on an ongoing basis can lead to hypothyroidism by inhibiting deiodinase activity and by acting as a direct antagonist to T4 . In s...
Medicine
Endocrinology
de3fc5d6-1fce-4a91-bae4-8a1ec5d4622b
The circle of Willis lies in ?
Subarachnoid space
Subdural space
Intraventricular space
None of the above
0a
multi
The circulus aeriosus (circle of Willis) is a large aerial anastomosis which unites the internal carotid and veebrobasilar systems. It lies in the subarachnoid space within the deep interpeduncular cistern, and surrounds the optic chiasma, the infundibulum and other structures of the interpeduncular fossa.
Anatomy
null
5880d85e-3801-41c6-853b-7ef4cc1d58a4
For blood and urine, preservative used is
Sodium chloride
Sodium fluoride
Sodium acetate
Sodium gluconate
1b
single
For blood, CSF, vitreous humor and urine, sodium fluoride is the preservative (100mg/10ml) Ref: FORENSIC MEDICINE AND TOXICOLOGY Dr PC IGNATIUS THIRD EDITION PAGE 404
Anatomy
Poisoning
3daea721-7171-457e-9a3a-0e7a9a090123
Largest % of blood volume in
Aoa
Aery /Aerioles
Venules / Veins
Capillaries
2c
single
At rest,At least 50% of the circulating blood volume is in the systemic veins, 12% is in the hea cavities, and18% is in the low-pressure pulmonary circulation.Only 2% is in the aoa, 8% in the aeries,1% in the aerioles, and5% in the capillariesRef: Ganong's Review of Medical Physiology Twenty-Third Edition Page No:543
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
7269b6b1-559d-4e43-8407-aff97aa1d88a
Which of the following would best explain a prolonged bleeding time test?
Hemophilia A
Hemophilia B
Thrombocytopenia
Coumadin use
2c
single
Three major tests are used to determine coagulation defects. PT(Prothrombin time)- is used to test the extrinsic pathway aPTT(Activated Paial Thromboplastin Time)-is used to test the intrinsic pathway BT(Bleeding time)- after a small cut is used to test for several clotting factors but is especially prolonged by a lack...
Physiology
Blood Physiology
41e09727-f5a5-4d42-b703-d06069edb062
Sympathectomy is indicated in all following conditions except
Ischemic ulsers
Causalgia
Anhidrosis
Acrocyanosis
2c
multi
. Anhidrosis(absence of sweating)is the contraindication ,because hyperhidrosis is the indication of the sympathectomy.other ibdications include cervical rib with vascular manifestations,raynaud's phenomenon,causalgia,sudeck's osteodystrophy,upper limb vasospasam due to other causes etc.... Refer page no 187 of SRB's m...
Surgery
Vascular surgery
2eedf190-2cea-4a73-aace-fdbacd32e092
Which of the following is not true about Diplococcus pneumoniae
Bile solubility
Optochin resistance
Causes Meningitis
Possess Capsule
1b
multi
Streptococcus pneumoniae is optochin sensitive. Optochin sensitivity: the sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae to optochin is useful in differentiating it from other streptococci. When a disc impregnated with optochin is applied on a plate of blood agar inoculated with Streptococcus pneumoniae, a wide zone of inhibi...
Microbiology
Bacteriology
ab6aa693-719c-47aa-b8e1-8af68cf4b950
Which among the following has lowest protein content
Human milk
Goat milk
Cow milk
Buffalo milk
0a
single
Ans) a (Hitman milk) Ref Park 20th ed p545This is a table from which atleast one question will be there in every kerala entrance exam. BuffaloCowGoatHumanFat(g)6.54.14.53.4Protein(g)4.33.23.31.1Lactose(g)5.14.44.67.4Cakiunm (mg)21012017028Iron (mg)0.20.20.3-VitC(mg)1213Minerals (g)0.80.80.80.1Water818786.888Energy11767...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Nutrition and Health
3b336023-59bf-455e-9d08-e9fb3ba34e85
If vertical root fracture occurs in a buccolingual plane in multirooted tooth through furcation, what should be the treatment indicated?
RCT
Hemisection
Extraction
Both AB
3d
multi
Treatment of vertical root fracture involves extraction in most of the cases.  In multirooted teeth, root resection or hemisection can be tried with root canal treatment.
Dental
null
754e1838-ca41-487a-9e36-1f937018e426
All the following is a method of sewage disposal except
River outfall
Land treatment
Oxidation ponds
Bangalore method
3d
multi
OTHER METHODS OF Sewage DISPOSAL. (a) Sea outfall (b) River outfall (c) Land treatment (d) Oxidation ponds (e) Oxidation ditches. Ref: Park 25th edition Pgno : 800
Social & Preventive Medicine
Environment and health
5a3bf5e9-5210-4a40-87e2-60bcbe1a2e2d
A 50 year old male patient came with the complaint of palpitations. Examination of pulse revealed irregular heabeat and advised ECG recording. Spread of cardiac impulse is fastest in which of the following structure
SA node
AV node
Bundle of His
Purkinje fibre
3d
single
Conduction speed in cardiac tissue: Tissue Conduction Rate SA node 0.05 Atrial pathways 1 AV node 0.05 Bundle of His 1 Purkinje system 4 Ventricular muscle 1 Purkinje fibers also have the ability of firing at a rate of 15-40 beats per minute if upstream conduction or pacemaking ability is compromised. In contrast, the ...
Physiology
Cardiovascular system
0630d8b6-f693-40bf-a5d5-25d3f127611b
Which part of mind gives instinctual drives to a person to obtain immediate gratification according to structural model of mind?
Id
Ego
Super ego
Repressor
0a
single
Id works on "reality principle" Id is about the innate, instinctual drives of a person that gives him immediate gratifaction such as hunger, anger & sex.
Psychiatry
null
924da240-007f-4b56-bfea-6fbe2c5f4752
Drug of choice for Trigeminal neuralgia is:
Carbamazepine
Phenobabitone
Phenytoin
Valproic acid
0a
single
Trigeminal and related neuralgias: Carbamazepine is the drug of choice. These neuralgia;. characterized by attacks of high intensity electric shock-like or stabbing pain set off by evening. REF: KD TRIPATHI 8TH ED.
Pharmacology
Central Nervous system
1b510b54-58d0-491e-88c7-48fa33927e4a
False about Influenza is
H5N1 is cause of Avian influenza
Type A pandemics every 2-3 years
Incubation period is 18-72 hours
All the above
1b
multi
Type A pandemics every 10-15 years.
Medicine
null
13633a69-d824-4044-930e-dc0a950cde85
About trisomy 13, which of the following is a true statement
Bilateral mircophthalmia
Neurofibroma
Rocker bottom feet
Dermoid cyst
0a
multi
Ans. a. Bilateral mircophthalmia
Pediatrics
null
ab237400-7bab-4dfe-b065-e175d7835006
An elderly patient complains of shoulder pain and has difficulty abducting his arm. Ahroscopy is done in which a dye is injected into the shoulder joint and an X-ray taken. The radiologist notes that the dye has leaked from the shoulder joint into the subacromial bursa. What tendon would need to be ruptured for this to...
Deltoid
Infraspinatus
Latissimus dorsi
Supraspinatus
3d
single
The shoulder joint is separated from the subacromial bursa by the supraspinatus tendon, which is inseing on the greater tubercle of the humerus. So, if the supraspinatus tendon is ruptured, dye injected into the shoulder joint will not just stay in the shoulder joint instead, it will diffuse and leak into the area arou...
Anatomy
null
e0517529-86d7-4b51-8610-b98a62086cd9
A 3 year old child is brought to the outpatient depament with upper respiratory tract infection. On asking about his previous immunization history, it is found that he has had no primary immunizations from bih. What is the most appropriate step in the management of this patient?
Advise to come on the fixed immunization day of the week
Give BCG, OPV, DPT, measles vaccines
Give BCG, OPV, DPT, measles vaccines and vitamin A
Give BCG, OPV, DPT and advise to come after 4 weeks for the next doses of OPV and DPT
2c
multi
If a child comes with no previous immunizations, then catch-up immunizations of BCG, OPV, DPT and measles vaccines along with vitamin A must be given at the time of visit to the clinic. Advise the parents to bring the child after 4 weeks for OPV-2 and DPT-2, and after a fuher 4 weeks for OPV-3 and DPT-3. Booster dose o...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
d71fc93f-726d-43b6-aab7-44d30e3a82e9
If the head of the snake has small scales covering the whole surface of the head it indicates
Viper
Cobra
Krait
Non venomous
0a
multi
All poisonous snakes have small head scales except cobra, krait & pit viper. These three snakes can be identified by 1. Pit viper: pit below the eye 2. Cobra: 3rd labial touches eye and nasal shields 3. Krait: 4 infralabial scales below mouth & 4th being largest Russel viper
Forensic Medicine
Toxicology - 2
4c3d62fc-952d-4144-a42e-d572128ccb57
Gastric lavage turns black in presence of Silver nitrate, most probable poisoning was -
Celphos
Malathion
Organophosphorus
Parathion
0a
single
Gastric lavage fluid gives black colour in presence of silver nitrate because of reaction of posphine with silver nitrate.
Forensic Medicine
null
cc33ce39-de28-4f18-9abe-95f247ac85f8
Tumour marker for a highly vascular tumour
Desmin
Keratin
Sa 200
Alpha-feto protein
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Keratin o Mesotheloma is highly vascular and keratin is a marker of mesotheloma.
Pathology
null
64217fd8-9068-49ae-aff3-bae0183a66d2
Monitoring of b-HCG Useful in Mananement of
H.mole
Choriocarcinoma
Ectopic Pregnancy
All
3d
multi
Ans is a, b and c i.e. H.mole, Choriocarcinoma and ectopic pregnancy
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
d709f0ca-44df-4af0-b260-169d83487e95
Most impoant drug for persisters of TB
Rifampicin
Pyrazinamide
INH
Ethambutol
0a
single
Rifampicin is a powerful bactericidal drug. It is a better sterilizing agent than INH. It permeates all tissue membranes including the blood-brain and placental barriers. It is equally effective against intracellular as well as extracellular bacilli.It is the only bactericidal drug active against the "persisters" or do...
Microbiology
All India exam
d24191d1-18d6-48fb-adc2-38f609db6c8e
Bezold ' s abscess is located in -
Submandibular region
Sternocleidomastoid
Digastric triangle
Infratemporal region
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., Sternomastoid muscle
ENT
CSOM and its Complications
c0191bcb-8278-4a6e-9e20-032817519bf9
Radiolucency marked by arrow is called as:
Cervical caries
Cervical burnout
Root caries
None of the above
1b
multi
Diffuse radiolucent areas with ill-defined borders may be apparent radiographically on the mesial or distal aspects of teeth in the cervical regions between the edge of the enamel cap and the crest of the alveolar ridge. This phenomenon, called  cervical burnout,  is caused by the normal configuration of the affected t...
Radiology
null
d0b04bab-c55a-4f87-9008-ea8f1f80bee9
If a patient with severe hyperglycemia is given IV insulin, which of the following can occur?
Hypokalemia
Hyperkalemia
Hyponatremia
Hypernatremia
0a
single
Insulin causes K+ to enter cells, with a resultant lowering of the extracellular K+ concentration. It acts by increasing the activity of Na+ K+ ATPase in cell membranes, thereby pumping more K+ into cells. Infusions of insulin and glucose significantly lower the plasma K+ level in normal individuals and are very effect...
Medicine
null
f9568dd8-2c65-474c-8989-c4a180b4af78
Which one of the following indicate the function of tectospinal tract present in the ventral column of spinal cord?
Gross and postural motor function
Postural reflexes
Reflex turning of head
Coordination of head and eye movements
2c
single
Rubrospinal tract which lies in the ventral column of spinal cord originates in the midbrain and ends in the ventral horn interneurons. Its main function is to regulate reflex turning of head.Anterior coicospinal tract is involved in maintaining gross and postural motor function.Lateral coicospinal tract is involved in...
Anatomy
null
baacd431-3ccb-4c63-a2a6-c869c5bc24cd
Chronic hemodialysis in ESRD patient is done
Once per week
Twice per week
Thrice per week
Daily
2c
single
Ans. (c) Thrice per weekRef : Harrison 19th ed. /1823For the majority of patients with ESRD, between 9 and 12 h of dialysis are required each week, usually divided into three equal sessions.Current Targets of Hemodialysis* Urea reduction ratio (the fractional reduction in blood urea nitrogen per hemodialysis session) o...
Medicine
Dialysis
4b4bb984-9766-4d7a-9426-274a5f982a48
28 years old woman having limited cutaneous scleroderma for the last 10 years complains of shoness of breath for last one month. What is most likely diagnosis in this case?
Interstitial lung disease
Pulmonary aery hypeension
Congestive hea failure
Bronchiectasis
0a
single
The most likely diagnosis for the above mentioned clinical scenario is interstitial lung disease. Ref: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 16th Edition, Pages 1554-57; R Alagappan, Manual of Practical Medicine, 3rd Edition, Page 243-44.
Medicine
null
fef5eae3-1244-47a3-ae1c-51108bfe3d84
Which of the following drug is an antidote for cyanide poisoning?
Amyl nitrate
Isosorbide dinitrate
Nitroglycerine
Propranolol
0a
single
Ans. A. Amyl nitrateAmyl nitrite is one of antidote of cyanide poisoning. It is given via inhalational route. Hydroxocobalamin is also given for cyanide poisoning via intravenous route.
Pharmacology
C.V.S
8aadb4c2-ba49-4d40-93b0-0a149bba3ac0
A primary health care center should provide all except: September 2007
Treatment of common diseases
Specialised surgeries
Immunization
Family planning services
1b
multi
Ans. B: Specialised surgeries Primary health care is provided by city and district hospitals and rural primary health centers (PHCs). These hospitals provide treatment free of cost. Primary care is focused on: Immunization against major infectious disease Promotion of food supply, proper nutrition and prevention of mal...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
bceb4748-3e00-4ac0-8dd6-d44737c9ab1d
All of the following statements about alpha -glucosidase inhibitors are true except
Reduces intestinal absorption of carbohydrates
Effective in both type 1 and 2 diabetes
Hypoglycemia is a common and serious side effect
Can be used with other oral hypoglycemic agents
2c
multi
Refer KDT 6 /e p 270 *hypoglycemia is caused by the drugs stimulating the release of insulin Biguanides ,alpha glucosidase inhibitors and thiazolidinediones act by other mechanisms bad thus are less likely to cause hypoglycemia
Pharmacology
Endocrinology
328c3381-c463-468a-b4ba-c0793f6b5350
The povey line limit for rural areas is the purchasing capacity for a daily intake of 2400 calories per person. Which one of the following calorie limits is for urban areas?
1900
2100
2400
2800
1b
single
Ans. is 'b' i.e., 2100 Povey line c The povey line is defined as expenditure required for a daily calorie intake of : - i) 2400 per person in rural areas ii) 2100 per person in urban areas o Based on per capita expenditure, povey line is defined as:? Rural areas :- 444 Rs. Per capita per month Urban area:- 512 Rs. Per ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
null
c62147a4-dc78-47ce-96cd-1be12052dc54
Feature associated with mania is -
Neologism
Perseveration
Echolalia
Flights of ideas
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Flights of ideas Diagnostic criteria for maniao Three or more of the following for at least 1 week:-i) Inflated self esteem or grandiosityii) Decreased need for sleepiii) Overtalkativenessiv) Flight of ideasv) Distractibilityvi) Psychomotor agitation or Increased goal directed activitiesvii) Excessive...
Psychiatry
Bipolar Disorder
ba206b17-c0f9-4b72-92dc-9b439fb5dede
During insipiration the main current of airflow in a normal nasal cavity is through
Middle pa of the cavity in middle meatus in a parabolic curve
Lower pa of the cavity in the inferior meatus in a parabolic curve
Superior pa of the cavity in the superior meatus
Through olfactory area
0a
single
* During quite respiration inspiratory air current pass through middle pa of the nose between the turbinatcs and nasal septum. * Very little air passes through inferior meatus or olfactory region of the nose. * Therefore weak odorous substances have to be sniffed before they reach olfactory area. * During expiration ai...
Surgery
null
019fe1f6-37b6-4bfd-94ad-b11c6106f7df
Positive fluorescein dye disappearance test indicates that watering eye is due to:
Atonia of the sac
Mechanical obstruction in the lacrimal passages
Both of the above
None of the above
2c
multi
Ans. Both of the above
Ophthalmology
null
ca6470f2-a91f-402e-a5df-dfbb511bb526
Which of the given test is used for assessing posterior glenohumeral instability?
Jerk test
Crank test
Fulcrum test
Sulcus test
0a
single
Common posterior instability tests include the jerk test, posterior stress test, Kim test, and load and shift test. Crank test is for superior labral pathology which is similar to the McMurray test for the knee. The crank test attempts to catch labrum tears between the two joint surfaces. Both the "hop" test and the "f...
Surgery
null
e73fd992-b988-4eb3-855a-5f50b2528a85
Glycosylated hemoglobin in a normal pregnant lady should be less than: March 2013
4%
5%
6%
7%
2c
single
Ans. C i.e. 6% Diabetes & pregnancy Effect of pregnancy on diabetes More insulin is required Progression &worsening of diabetic nephropathy Effect of diabetes on mother Chorioamnionitis Endometritis Postpaum bleeding Increased risk of death in patients with diabetic Cardiomyopathy.
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
b2dfc2b1-657d-4003-83ed-0631bb035252
Norepinephrine action at synaptic cleft is terminated by-
Metabolism by COMT
Metabolism by MAO
Reuptake
Metabolism by acetylchelinesterase
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., Reuptake o Metabolism does not play an impoant role in terminating the action of neuronally releases CAs. o It is axonal uptake which is responsible for terminating the action of CAs.
Pharmacology
null
a666a327-2eaa-47ae-b09d-1e4da9cb8c77
Ectopic pregnancy is associated with all except :
Salpingitis
IUCD
Plastic procedure on the tube
None
3d
multi
None
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
aee0b292-c30d-4745-93a9-201ed1c7d468
Drug used in hea failure-
ACE inhibitors
Hydralazine
Ca2+channel blockers
Carvedilol
0a
single
Ref : harrisons-manual-of-medicine-16th-edition pg no: 36 HEA FAILURE This is a major predictor of perioperative risk.Regimenof ACE inhibitor and diuretics should be optimized preoperatively to minimizerisk of either pulmonary congestion or intravascular volume depletionpostoperatively. Ref Davidson 23rd edition pg 456
Medicine
C.V.S
cd0a755d-c34d-451c-b206-d40a2a3af83a
Most common presentation of radiation carditis is –
Pyogenic Pericarditis
Pericardial Effusion
Myocardial Fibrosis
Atheromatous Plaque
1b
single
Pericardial involvement is the most common and includes pericardial effusion and constrictive pericarditis.
Radiology
null
0b158f0b-8456-4fb3-85ad-a4fb7ca34dc6
Which type thyroid carcinoma is classically associated with calcitonin induced amyloid deposition?
Papillary
Follicular
Anaplastic
Medullary
3d
multi
Ans. D. Medullary. (Ref. Robbin's pathology 8,h/pg. 771; harrison's medicine 17th/pg. Table 77-5 )Robbin's pathology 8th/pg. 771......."Sporadic cases of medullary carcinoma present most often as a mass in the neck, sometimes associated with compression effects such as dysphagia or hoarseness. In some instances the ini...
Pathology
Endocrine
65e58b37-0cab-4c6e-b287-fea2476392bb
Internal fixation is probably needed in all of the following except
Fracture condyle of humerus
Fracture neck of femur
Fracture of Olecranon
Fracture of scaphoid
3d
multi
D i.e. Fracture scaphoid Fracture neck femur, intercondylar humerus and olecranon are mostly managed by operative intervention & internal fixation; where as fracture scaphoid is usually managed conservatively by cast application.
Surgery
null
650d7011-a238-4edc-af50-2f35771da677
Nerve Fibres innervating sweat glands release the following at their endings
Noradrenaline
Acetylcholine
Dopamine
Histamine
1b
single
(B) Acetylcholine > Sympathetic cholinergic system serves two important function.> Sweat gland: Secretion of sweat> Vasodilation in skeletal Muscles: A part of the neurons to blood vessels in skeletal muscles are anatomically sympathetic secrete acetylcholine. Simulation of this system of neurons produces vasodilatatio...
Physiology
Nervous System
512048f0-2f6c-4619-9d60-b0bbb9958686
Why is Troponin C not used for MI diagnosis?
Ttroponin C binds to calcium
Troponin C is present in both cardiac and smooth muscle
Troponin C is present in both cardiac and skeletal muscle
It elevates late after onset of MI.
1b
multi
Ans. (b) troponin C is present in both cardiac and smooth muscleRef: Harrison 19th ed. /265e-7* Troponins of cardiac origin are regulatory proteins that control the calcium mediated interaction of Actin and Myosin.* The troponin complex consists of three subunits: Troponin T, which binds to Tropomyosin and facilitates ...
Pathology
Myocardial Infraction
526ca076-9873-4bac-bac3-292970f12469
False about erythema toxicum neonatorum is -
It is present in 30 - 50 % of the newborns
It is mostly present at birth
It is called the flea bitten rash of newborn
Topical antibiotics is the treatment of choice
3d
multi
Ans. is 'D' i.e.,Topical antibiotics is the treatment of choice Erythema ToxicumNeonatorum o It is the harmless, erythematous, short-lived eruptions of the newborn. o It is present in 30 - 50% of the newborns o It is considered a part of the normal transition from the watery womb to the dry external environment. o It a...
Unknown
null
74e25974-323e-42a6-8cde-57eeef3c7686
Melatonin is derived from-
Tyrosine
Phenylalanine
Alanine
Tryptophan
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Tryptophan o Tryptophan is a precursor for synthesis of niacin (nicotinic acid), serotonin and melatonin.Amino acidsBiological important compoundTyrosineCatecholamines (epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine), thyroxine, triiodothryonine, melanin.(Note: - Phenylalanine is the precursor of tyrosine, thu...
Biochemistry
Amino Acid Metabolism
ea9cd710-e3b3-4c12-81bd-f8f5faf43992
Endogenous chemoattractant is
C5a
Bacterial products
Lipopolysaccharide A
C8
0a
single
Ref Robbins 8/e p66;7/e p56;9/e p77 C5a is a strong chemoattractant and is involved in the recruitment of inflammatory cells such as neutrophils, eosinophils, monocytes, and T lymphocytes, in activation of phagocytic cells and release of granule-based enzymes and generation of oxidants, all of which may contribute to i...
Anatomy
General anatomy
648d19ab-4b5e-434c-8331-4705e8cf096f
A 1-month old baby present with frequent vomiting and failure to thrive. There are features of moderate dehydration. Blood sodium in 122 mEq/l and potassium is 6.1 mEq/l. The most likely diagnosis is?
Gitelman syndrome
Bater syndrome
21-hydroxylase deficiency
11-13 hydroxylase deficiency
2c
single
Ans. is 'c' i.e., 21 hydroxylase deficiency Blood parameters indicate Hyponatremia and Hyperkalemia in this patient. All conditions other than 21 hydroxylase deficiency present with Hypokalemia.
Pediatrics
null
6900bc87-451d-4204-864e-0431a50c0fd9
Congenital long QT syndrome has a tendency to develop the following condition:
Sinus bradycardia
Sinus tachycardia
Supraventricular tachycardia
Ventricular tachycardia
3d
single
The congenital long-QT syndrome is a family of disorders characterized by prolongation of cardiac repolarization with a prolonged QT interval on the scalar ECG and a tendency to develop polymorphic ventricular tachycardia that may degenerate to ventricular fibrillation. The most common types of the long QT syndrome are...
Pediatrics
null
0ce6ec14-3dcf-4cfd-ab1a-60614bc45cdb
Reverse cold chain is for -
Measles
Polio
Rubella
Peussis
1b
single
Reverse cold chain is used in AFP surveillance. When any case of acute flaccid paralysis is found anywhere in the world, stool samples from the affected child must be transpoed carefully to the laboratory so that they can be tested to identify whether the poliovirus was the cause.A reverse cold chain is the process of ...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Communicable diseases
46adebb2-7ceb-4357-9939-856231753fce
Culex mosquito is associated with the transmission of-a) Malariab) Filariasisc) Dengued) Japanese encephalitise) Typhus
c
d
bd
ac
2c
single
Option a: Malaria transmitted by – Anopheline mosquito Option b and d: Filariasis and Japanese encephalitis transmitted by – Culex mosquito Option c: Dengue transmitted by – Aedes aegypti. Option e: Typhus transmitted by - Louse and Flea
Microbiology
null
e81b9ee4-4730-4999-bfd8-ccf53e4cd206
which of the following is a late inward sodium channel blocker?
Ivabradine
Trimetazidine
Ranolazine
Fasudil
2c
single
ref : KD TRIPATHI 8TH ED
Pharmacology
All India exam
e4a9c97a-6004-4af1-8994-06e58bfcd919
Iron absorption is decreased by A/E-
Calcium
Tetracycline
Phytate
Ascorbic acid
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Ascorbic acid
Pathology
null
fe50b461-1119-4f31-a86b-f1e4ded5f535
Autoinduction of biotransformation and action as a hormone is seen in:
Carbaniazepine
Cimetidine
Corticosteroid
Thyroxine
3d
single
Ans: D (Thyroxine) Ref: Basic and Clinical Pharmacology by Katzung, 2012. 12th ed. Pg 684-685Explanation:In hyperthyroidism, the half lives of T3 and T4 are decreased owing to their enhanced metabolic clearance.Similarly in hypothyroidism, the half lives of T3 and T4 are increased due to reduced metabolic clearance. Th...
Pharmacology
Pharmacokinetics
b97ae4b3-ca51-4d5c-b920-0a9d298a7708
Dying declaration is taken by
Police inspector
Doctor
Magistrate
Any one of the above
3d
multi
A dying declaration is a statement made by a deceased person to anybody who happens to be present when it is made, whereas a dying deposition has to be made before a Magistrate and in the presence of the accused Dying declaration Dying deposition Any person Magistrate Not under oath Administered under oath Not subject ...
Forensic Medicine
Medico legal procedures
9a837b9f-91e7-491d-9725-ac67c6306075
Which of the following is used as control in plasma sterilization:
B. Subtilis
B. Stearothermophilus
Cl. Tetani
Cl. Perfringens
1b
single
Ans. B. B stearothermophilusBiological Monitors:Steam: Geobacillus stearothermophilusDry heat: B. atrophaeus (formerly B. subtilis)ETO: B. atrophaeus, (formerly B. subtilis)Ionizing radiation: bacillus pumilisNew low temperature sterilization technologiesPlasma sterilization: Bacillus, stearothermophilusPeracetic acid:...
Microbiology
Bacteria
6d2672ab-a547-446a-918d-327313c5f858
Hemoptysis is seen in what propoion of the post primary(adult type) tuberculosis?
10-20%
20-30%
30-40%
40-50%
1b
single
Hemoptysis develops in 20-30% of cases, and massive hemoptysis due to erosion of a blood vessel in the wall of a cavity. May also result from rupture of a dilated vessel in a cavity (Rasmussen's aneurysm) or from aspergilloma formation in an old cavity. Reference: Harrisons Principles of Internal Medicine, 18th Edition...
Medicine
null
e4a4b429-aa89-4e91-94e7-dd5a4b18a802
Unequivocal evidence of hea disease in pregnancy is all except :
Systolic murmur
Diastolic murmur
Diastolic thrill and murmur
Systolic thrill and murmur
0a
multi
Systolic murmur
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
null
2c4d93d3-cb13-4e72-ae9e-cfebe1218739
The Gustatory nucleus is a pa of
Solitary nucleus
Hypoglossal nucleus
Nucleus ambiguous
Dorsal motor nucleus
0a
single
The rostral pa of the solitary nucleus is sometimes referred to as the gustatory nucleus. The solitary nucleus conveys information about taste and visceral sensations
Anatomy
Brain
39f77a15-0e22-417e-a2c7-f76788fca787
Which of the following is a contraindication for breastfeeding?
Hep A
Hep B
CMV
Active untreated TB
3d
single
d. Active untreated TB(Ref: Nelson's 20/e p 287)Related to baby: Galactosemia, Lactose intoleranceRelated to mother:AbsoluteRelative contraindications to breastfeedingMother on Chemotherapy or RadiotherapyConditionCommentMaternal HIVContraindicated in developed countries; In developing countries, mixed feeding is contr...
Pediatrics
Nutrition
c4185169-7fb9-4058-a56a-04f5a5dda7d1
Features of facial nerve palsy are all except -
Loss of salivation
Lossoflacrimation
Facial muscle paralysis
Loss of taste sensation from posterior tongue
3d
multi
Ans. is 'd' i.e., Loss of taste sensation from posterior tongue o Facial nerve paralysis produces following manifestations : -# Weakness of the muscle of the facial expression and eye closure, which results in : -i) Absence of nasolabial foldii) Wide palpable fissureiii) Epiphoraiv) Drooping of angle of mouthv) Loss of...
Anatomy
Scalp Face & Temple
5437c08f-2ec2-433b-9853-7fdb8c95a4f7
Prolonged blockade of Eustachian tube leads to ?
Atelectatic ear
Cholesteatoma
Perforation
All of the above
3d
multi
Ans. is'd'i.e., All of the above[Rf Dhingra 6h/e p. 60)Acute tubal blockage - AbsorPtion of ME gases - Negative Pressure in ME - Retraction of TM - Transudate in ME/haemorrhage (acute OME) - Prolonged tubal blockage/dysfunction - OME (thin watery or mucoid discharge) - Atelectatic ear/Perforation - Retraction pocket/ch...
ENT
null
a1ab5138-70c9-482d-9a0e-755fb9537a94
Range of microalbuminuria is?
10-99 mg/day
20-199 mg/day
30-299 mg/day
40-399 mg/day
2c
single
Systemic hypeension causes major effects in three main organs--hea and its blood vessels, nervous system, and kidneys. An impoant and early clinical marker for renal injury from hypeension and risk factor for cardiovascular disease is macroalbuminuria (i.e. albuminuria > 150 mg/day or random urine albumin/creatinine ra...
Pathology
miscellaneous
b47bdcdc-9cbe-4934-82f5-8f7a01d7ec61
The anti fungal drug which is NOT an Azole
Ketoconazole
Mebendazole
Miconazole
Voriconazole
1b
single
(B) Mebendazole> Albendazole, Mebandazole belong to benzimidazole class of anti helminthics.# CLASSIFICATION:1. Antibiotics:A. Polyenes:AmphotericinB (AMB),Nystatin, Hamycin, Natamycin (Pimaricin)B. Heterocyclic benzofuran: Griseofulvin2. Antimetabolite Flucytosine (5-FC)3. Azofes:A. Imidazoles (topical): Clotrimazole,...
Pharmacology
Miscellaneous (Pharmacology)
eba2731d-3f3f-4d81-85db-992d69a7be1a
True regarding cystic hygroma is: March 2008
Always unilateral
Brilliantly translucent
Subsides itself
Always presents at bih
1b
multi
Ans. B: Brilliantly translucent Cystic hygromas are fluid-filled sacs that result from a blockage in the lymphatic system and are lined by single layer of epithelium. Cystic hygromas are single or multiple cysts found mostly in the neck region. Swelling may be bilateral and is soft and paially compressible, visibly inc...
Surgery
null
11577ca3-1bd0-49da-b10f-e07d6236be59
The following tetracycline has the potential to cause vestibular toxicity:
Minocycline
Demeclocycline
Doxycycline
Tetracycline
0a
single
* Tetracycline causing maximum vestibular toxicity : Minocycline * Most phototoxic tetracycline : Demeclocycline * Tetracycline causing diabetes insipidus : Demeclocycline * Tetracycline safe in renal failure :Doxycycline
Pharmacology
Protein Synthesis Inhibitors
8b93623c-ff45-4c4c-b641-64974758354b
Wilsons disease primarily affects which part of CNS
Basal ganglia
Cerebrum
Cerebellum
Pons
0a
single
Particularly affects the basal ganglia, particularly the putamen.
Medicine
null
c3199e7e-3cd5-4dbe-8ba6-48f7ce32ec47
The carpal tunnel syndrome can be caused by all, EXCEPT:
Hypothyroidism
Tuberculosis
Pregnancy
Acromegaly
1b
multi
Many systemic conditions are strongly associated with carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). These conditions may directly or indirectly affect microcirculation, pressure thresholds for nerve conduction, nerve cell body synthesis, and axon transpo or interstitial fluid pressures. Peurbations in the endocrine system, as observed...
Surgery
null
bc23f56e-23f2-40dc-83be-28312a932854
Korner's septum is seen in ?
Petrosquamous suture
Temporosquamous suture
Petromastoid suture
Frontozygomatic suture
0a
single
Mastoid develops from squamous and petrous bone.Korner's septum is persistence of petrosquamous suture in the form of a bony plate.Korner's septum is surgically impoant as it may cause difficulty in locating the antrum and the deeper (ells, and thus lead to incomplete removal of disease at mastoidectomy. Mastoid antrum...
Anatomy
null
10068978-aedc-42b7-b6a1-038d525d53ed
In SDS-PAGE (Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate-Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis) proteins are separated on basis ofa) Massb) Chargec) Densityd) Molecular weighte) Solubility
b
ad
ac
ab
1b
single
In SDS-PAGE the separation of molecules depends mainly on their molecular size. Therefore, SDS-PAGE is commonly used for molecular weight determination.
Biochemistry
null
af74df38-9077-4a97-963b-823d9bbb90d0
Encorafenib was approved by FDA recently for
Prostate cancer
Melanoma
Small pox
Chicken pox
1b
multi
It is a kinase inhibitor inhibiting thr BRAF gene which is responsible for gene mutations in melanoma
Pharmacology
All India exam
6f008c97-8bf9-4ad0-aae0-b653d350421e
The following set of words can be used synonymously in epidemiology
Source and reservoir
Index and primary case
Latent infection and subclinical infection
Serial interval and incubation period
2c
single
in latent infection the host does not shed the infectious agent which lies dormant within the host without symptoms.the subclinical cases are referred to as inapparent,cove,missed or aboive cases.they are equally impoant as sources of imfections.the term primary case is the first case of a communicable disease and inde...
Social & Preventive Medicine
Epidemiology
7ca14190-504d-477c-9609-588cb6085fc6
Fluorescent dye for ophthalmological diagnosis is injected in
Antecubital vein
Popliteal vein
Femoral vein
Subclan vein
0a
single
The technique of FFA comprises rapidly injecting 5 ml of 10 percent solution of sterile sodium fluorescein dye in the antecubital vein and taking serial photographs (with fundus camera) of the fundus of the patient who is seated with pupils fully dilated. The fundus camera has a mechanism to use blue light (420-490 nm ...
Ophthalmology
Anatomy, Development and clinical examination
5b097f71-869a-4e8c-a23f-9732d025e643
A patient presented with fever, night sweats and weight loss. Clinical examination revealed painless lymphadenopathy. Microscopy shows Reed Sternberg cells. Most likely condition is:March 2012
HIV
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia
Hodgkin's lymphoma
Secondary TB
2c
single
Ans: C i.e. Hodgkins lymphomaConditions and presentationsIn the United states, the typical patients with AIDS presents with fever, weight loss, diarrhea, generalized lymphadenopathy, multiple oppounistic infections, neurologic disease, and, in many cases, secondary neoplasms. Biopsy specimens from enlarged lymph nodes ...
Pathology
null
d9d8d4dc-e80d-4b72-965b-7eda67ce5404
Congenital hydrocephalus treatment -
V-P shunt
Acetazolamide
Glycerine
Frusemide
0a
single
Ans. is 'a' i.e., V-P shunt Congenital hydrocephaluso Starts in fetal life and may manifest or even develop sub sequentially,o Causes -Intrauterine infections - TORCHIC bleedIVHCongenital malformation -Aqueductal stenosis (MQDandy walker cystArnold chiary malfomationMidline tumorTreatmento Depends upon primary cause, c...
Pediatrics
Congenital Anomalies of the CNS
83867a05-26c9-407d-a2f9-f934653a65f0
Herd immunity is not important in:
Tetanus
Pertussis
Diphtheria
All
0a
multi
The epidemics wave declines with a up-built of herd immunity after natural infection and if high level immunity maintained with immunization disease eliminated, e.g. Polio, Diphtheria. It is neither possible nor necessary to achieve 100% herd immunity. In a population to halt an epidemic or to control disease. E.g. sma...
Unknown
null
ff634b49-6b2e-4e0c-9510-064df931bb56
Bony clival erosion with inta-cranial calcification is seen in -
Sella chordoma
Craniopharyngioma
Medulloblastoma
Papilloma of the choroids plexus
0a
single
Chordomas Chordomas are rare, slow growing, locally aggressive neoplasms of bone that arise from embryonic remnants of the notochord. These tumors typically occur in the axial skeleton and are most common in the sphenooccipital region of the skull base and in the sacral regions. In adults, 50 percent of chordomas invo...
Medicine
null
e692768c-01d2-4085-824c-f641ac8ac096
The major risk factor along with alcohol intake for the development of alcoholic liver disease among the following is:
Chronic HCV infection
Chronic HBV infection
Non hepatotropic virus infection
Abdominal tuberculosis
0a
single
Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) is an impoant comorbidity in the progression of alcoholic liver disease to cirrhosis. They develop decompensated liver disease at a younger age and have poorer overall survival. Other features: 1. Increased liver iron stores 2. Porphyria cutanea tarda It also decreases the efficacy of interfer...
Medicine
null
51264ab1-3a92-4d05-ba15-08845b714147
Most potent form of vitamin D is:
1, 25- dihydroxy cholecalciferol
7-dihydro cholecalciferol
25-hydroxy cholecalciferol
Ergocalciferol (Vit. D2)
0a
single
Vitamin D Ergocalciferol (Vitamin D2) =Formed from ergosterol and cholecalciferol (vitamin D3) and are known as Pro-vitamins =Vitamins D2and D3 are not biologically active. 25-OH- cholecalciferol =Major storage and circulating form of vitamin D 1, 25 dihydroxycholecalciferol =aka Calcitriol =most biologically active fo...
Biochemistry
Vitamins and Minerals
19bf3d3d-391d-4def-bc61-a5bffbfb8525
A girl with normal stature and minimal or absent pubertal development is seen in:
Kallman syndrome
Turner syndrome
Testicular feminization syndrome
Pure gonadal dysgenesis
0a
multi
Ans. a. Kallman syndrome (Ref: Nelson 19/e p1956; Harrison 19/e p2256. 18/e p2878)Normal stature and minimal or absent pubertal development in a girl is seen in Kallman syndrome.'Kallmann syndrome is a genetic condition where the primary symptom is a failure to start puberty or a failure to fully complete it. It occurs...
Gynaecology & Obstetrics
Gynaecological Diagnosis
8c2d5185-6545-49ac-bfee-de69a34051a4
In apoptosis, Apaf-1 is activated by release of which of the following substances from the mitochondria ?
Bel - 2
Bax
Bcl - XL
Cytochrome C
3d
single
Ans is 'd' i.e., Cytochrome CApoptosis is induced by a cascade of molecular events all of which culminate in the activation of caspases. 'In the cytosol cytochrome C binds to a protein called Apaf I (Apoptosis activating factor - 1) and the complex activates caspase 9'
Pathology
null
a80dd397-95b0-4686-886f-097b795126c2
Which of the following is not a part of the carotid sheath -(84-85-BDC-3) 6th Edition
Carotid artery
Vagus nerve
Ansa-cervicalis
Cervical plexus
3d
single
(D) (Cervical plexus) (84-85-BDC-3) 6th EditionCarotid sheath* Carotid sheath is a local consideration of the prevertebral, the pretracheal, and the investing layers of the deep fascia.* Contents -a) Common and internal carotid artery.b) Internal jugular vein.c) Vagus nerve.d) Deep cervical lymph nodes.* Relations -1) ...
Anatomy
Head & Neck
de41776d-8266-4cc7-8c6a-f87fca795407
Western blot technique is done for-
Mitochondiral RNA
Double strand DNA
r-RNA
Protein
3d
single
Visualization of a specific DNA or RNA fragment among the many thousand of contaminating molecules requires the convergence of a number of techniques collectively termed the blot transfer. Southern blot → Detects DNA Northern blot → Detects RNA Western blot → Detects proteins (proteins are separated by electrophoresis...
Biochemistry
null
65ec218c-fdc8-481b-8df9-b4988107b394
Aromatase produces estrogen from -
Progesterone
Cortisol
Aldosterone
Androgen
3d
single
Ans. is 'd' i.e.. Androgen o Aromatase conversts androgens into estrogen in peripheral tissues.
Physiology
Endocrinology metabolism
a90c7690-eff1-4473-bc1e-558f32895baa
Paraphilias are all except :
Bisexuality
Homosexuality
Bestiality
Frottuerism
0a
multi
A i.e. Bisexuality - Abnormal & unohodox sex play by using unusal objects or pas of body are known as paraphillia eg. Sadomasochism, Transvestism, Uranism, Beastality, Foteurism, Urolangia, Homosexuality etc. - Bisexuality means hermaphrodite i.e. an individual with both ovary & testis & external genitals of both sexes...
Forensic Medicine
null