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97b618d2-e538-4e63-babf-8a5002e22cb2 | All are true regarding Normal distribution curve except | One standard detion includes 95% of values | Mean, Median, Mode coincides | Median is mid value | Area under the curve is one | 0a | multi | NORMAL DISTRIBUTION The normal distribution or 'normal curve' is an impoant concept in statistical theory. Let us suppose, we collect the haemoglobin values of a very large number of people and make a frequency distribution with narrow class intervals, we are likely to get a smooth, symmetrical curve. Such a curve is c... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Biostatistics |
38073a63-ada0-4534-997e-2846c60d5eff | A young child with backache reveals a solitary collapsed dorsal vertebra with preserved intervertebral disk spaces and no evidence of soft tissue mass. The most likely diagnosis is? | Lymphoma | Langerhans's cell histiocytosis | Ewing's sarcoma | Metastases | 1b | single | Ans BThis classic imaging appearance is called Vertebra plana and in children is most commonly seen in Langerhans's cell histiocytosis | Radiology | Skeletal System |
f714ceb0-16cc-43b1-bc2b-61eb49b3a83c | Which of the following is not a neuroparasite ? | Taenia solium | Ac ant amoeba | Naegleria | Trichinella spiralis | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Trichnella spiralis | Microbiology | null |
e19fad2b-6a08-4084-af81-6afeaf78fe6f | Ascitic fluid with T SAAG & Talbumin is/are found in: | T. B | CHF | Cirrhosis | Pancreatitis | 1b | single | Answer- B. CHFSerum-ascites albumin gradient (SAAG) is useful for distinguishing ascites caused by poal hlpeension from nonpoal hypeensive ascites.A SAAG >1. 1 g/dl- reflects the presence of poal hypeensionA SAAG <1. 1 g/dl- tuberculous peritonitis, peritoneal carcinomatosis, or pancreatic ascites.For high-SAAG (>1.1) ... | Medicine | null |
db984757-522c-40de-b18c-6ef2b283b66a | Investigation using dye to find out stone in salivary gland | Sialography | Mammography | MR angiography | USG | 0a | single | Dye used is lipiodol or sodium diatrizoate(Hypaque).24-gauge cannula is passed into either Stenson's duct or Whaon's duct and one ml of the dye is injected into the duct and X-ray is taken. SRB,5th,406. | Surgery | Head and neck |
de2a8fe7-eb90-4fef-908b-34d5fa6b8189 | Hadfields operation is performed for which of the following pathology? | Duct ectasia | Fibroadenoma | Mondors disease | Inflammatory breast carcinoma | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Duct ectasia Duct ectasia/periductal mastitis* This is a dilatation of the breast ducts, which is often associated with periductal inflammation.* The classical description of the pathogenesis of duct ectasia asserts that the first stage in the disorder is a dilatation in one or more of the larger lact... | Surgery | Breast |
93ee3488-5786-4779-a856-847aded8fd2d | Scientist who won Nobel prize for research in split brain personality? | Penfield | Roger Sperry | Michael Morgis | George D. Snell | 1b | single | (B) Roger Sperry# Roger Sperry being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1981.> Sperry received the prize for his discoveries concerning the functional specialization of the cerebral hemispheres.> With the help of so-called "split brain" patients, he carried out experiments, and for the first time in h... | Psychiatry | Miscellaneous |
bdfbf350-736f-48a2-acc1-76897e637df0 | Chromosome 21 is - | Metacentric | Submetacentric | Acrocentric | None | 2c | multi | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Acrocentrico Each chromosome has two armsi) p arm (the shorter of two)ii) q arm (longer one)o Depending on the position of there junction (centromere) they can be classified into :1. Metacentric# The centromere is in the middle so that the two arms of chromosomes are almost equal.# These chromosomes a... | Anatomy | Chromosomes & Cell Divisions |
3cc65eca-9ad5-49c8-aadf-541e35a133fa | A young female has the following lab values: Hemoglobin=9.8 gm%, MCV=70 serum iron=60, serum ferritin=-100, the diagnosis is | lhalassemia trait | Chronic iron deficiency anemia | Megaloblastic anemia | Anaemia of chronic infection | 3d | single | Answer- D. Anaemia of chronic infectionThese features suggest anemia of chronic disease or infection. | Medicine | null |
136a41a4-70bf-4a86-872e-35b8318f7d35 | Burning feet syndrome is due to deficiency of ? | Niacin | Folic acid | Vitamin B12 | Pantothenic acid | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Pantothenic acid | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
879a0531-2e8e-427e-a549-63ec26fae0d9 | 'Triphasic waveform' on colour Doppler is of | Hepatic artery | Hepatic vein | Portal vein | All of the above | 1b | multi | Ans. b (Hepatic vein) (Ref. Sutton radiology 7th ed., 764)VesselUltrasound/Doppler CharacteristicsPortal veinApproximately 25% of the flow into the liver is supplied by the hepatic artery, the remainder by the portal vein. The portal vein walls are seen as well-defined parallel reflective thin lines. Normal portal veno... | Radiology | G.I.T. |
3cdfb943-6b4c-40ae-8ccb-7321948333c2 | Excess of which of following can result in cataract | Sugar alcohol | Glucose | Sugar amines | Galactose | 0a | single | Sugar Alcohols and cataract: = Reduction of monosaccharides forms sugar alcohols = sugar alcohols are hygroscopic in nature, absorb water, and will cause cell swelling = They especially get accumulated in the lens of the eye causing cataract. Examples: Glucose forms sorbitol in diabetes and leads to snowflake cataract ... | Biochemistry | Classification of carbohydrate |
2d3602c6-7816-41b8-916b-2739b25084fb | Which of the following is the remnant of meroneptric tubuler in males | Ductur deferens | Seminal vesicles | Appendix of epidydmis | Paradydimis | 3d | single | Meroneptric tubuler in male - paradydimis. | Anatomy | null |
70bbbddf-bd84-470a-bf29-595fdc9a422f | Which of the follow ingstatement about atheroscelerosis is true? | Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid is associated with decreased risk | Thoracic aorta involvement is more severe than abdominal aorta involvement | Extent of lesion in veins is same as that in arteries | Hypercholesterolemia does not always increase the risk of atherosclerosis perse | 0a | multi | Ans. a. Intake of polyunsaturated fatty acid is associated with decreased risk 'Med Essentials '{Kaplan Publishing} 2007/249; "Pan Vascular Medicine ' by Topal (2002//90)Intake of unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA > SI UFA) is associated with decreased risk of atherosclerosis."Intake of unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA > MU F... | Medicine | Peripheral Vascular Disease |
5b7e2272-2f1b-47a2-a0f1-b0310e79cc6e | Definition of measles elimination- | <1\/1000 | <1\/10000 | <1\/100000 | <1\/100 | 2c | single | WHO define elimination of measles as the absence of endemic measles for a period of grater than 12 months in the presence of adequate surveillance measles incidence less than 1/100,000 population. REF. PARK'S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 21ST EDITION. - 137 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Communicable diseases |
4448ac05-b794-45d0-a80d-2b52383de1d9 | Which one of the following lesions of vocal cord is dangerous to life - | Bilateral adductor paralysis | Bilateral abductor paralysis | Combined paralysis of left side superior and recurrent laryngeal nerve | Superior laryngeal nerve paralysis | 1b | single | Most dangerous lesion of vocal cords is bilateral abductor paralysis (Bilateral RLN palsy).
This is because recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy will lead to paralysis of all laryngeal muscles except the cricothyroid muscle (as it is supplied by superior laryngeal nerve). The cricothyroid muscle is an adductor & therefore t... | ENT | null |
df0e1e4a-16fe-4888-9060-c2495f462b1f | A term neonate with a bih weight of 3980g showed the following feature. All of the following can be expected in this baby EXCEPT? | Increased risk of congenital hea diseases | Polycythemia | Hypercalcemia | Hypoglycemia | 2c | multi | Hairy pinna points to the dignosis of infant of diabetic mother. Problems in infant of diabetic mother: Macrosomia- Difficult/ prolonged labour, | chances of bih trauma Metabolic- Hypoglycemia, hypocalcemia, polycythemia, hypomagnesemia Congenital hea defects- VSD, TGA CNS- neural tube defects, caudal regression syndro... | Pediatrics | Neonatal hypothermia |
1c507fa8-8ddc-4a0b-86f0-c06bdbda65f7 | Patient complains of distoed vision after wearing spectacles, which worsens in both meridians progressively. Which of the following is not true about this condition? | It is called as pin cushion effect | Seen on wearing a convex lens | It is a type of aniseikonia | Cylindrical lens increases the distoion | 3d | multi | Ans. d. Cylindrical lens increases the distoion Distoion occurs when the transverse magnification is not constant but changes as distance from the axis increases within a transverse plane. In pincushion distoion, magnification increases as distance from the axis increases (in the same transverse plane), whereas in barr... | Ophthalmology | null |
c36c9e1a-0fad-4620-92b2-85cfa913d28b | Amount of air that can be inhaled above tidal volume by maximum inspiratory effort | Vital capacity | Inspiratory capacity | Inspiratory reserve volume | FRC | 2c | multi | Amount of air that can be inhaled above tidal volume by maximum inspiratory effort is Inspiratory reserve volume. | Physiology | null |
e4fd56ae-abf5-4950-964f-2470e538a5b7 | A robust male baby with vigorous feeding and immediate vomiting at 2 months of age. Most probable diagnosis is | Paralytic ileus | Hirschsprung's disease | Brain tumor | Congenital hyperophic pyloric stenosis | 3d | single | Congenital hyperophic pyloric stenosis is seen between 3 rd and 6 the week of age of an infant because the time taken by the hyperophied muscle to cause complete obstruction is between 3rd and 6 the week, as well as the congenital hyperophic pyloric stenosis is most commonly seen in firstborn males. Reference: SRB 5 th... | Surgery | G.I.T |
a26ac004-55ab-4eff-b441-ff3c176e649c | True about maximum isolation period of enteric fever: | Till three consecutive negative urine/stool culture samples are obtained from patient | After chloramphenicol treatment for 72 hours | Disappearance of fever | Widal test negative | 0a | multi | Ans. (a) Till three consecutive negative urine/stool culture samples are obtained from patient Control of Typhoid Fever Lontrol of reservoir: Reservoir may be case or carrier: A. Cases: Early diagnosis and treatment: With early diagnosis and treatment, carrier stage can be prevented. Isolation: Owing to the infectious ... | Microbiology | null |
424d050d-3336-4c56-8c3c-873c02168960 | The Imbe-Fick law is associated with | Schiotz tonometry | Applanation tonometry | Pachymetry | Keratometry | 1b | single | The concept of applanation tonometry was introduced by Goldmann is 1954. It is based on Imbe- Fick law which states that the pressure inside a sphere (P) is equal to the force (W) required flattening its surface divided by the area of flattening (A); i.e., P = W/A. Reference: AK khurana 7th edition | Ophthalmology | Anatomy, Development and clinical examination |
3301c58f-379c-476e-ace6-306f5c83a91e | All are features of Mania except - | Insomnia | Pressure of speech | Disorientation | Granduer delusion | 2c | multi | Manic patients are well alert and orientated. | Psychiatry | null |
b77d79b3-ca90-48c5-ba87-e11c3254aa4a | Statistical analysis of data of various studies done in same matter is called as ? | Meta analysis | Data review | Propaganda | Coho study | 0a | multi | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Meta analysis Meta analysis Meta-analysis refers to the analysis of analyses. It is the statistical analysis of a collection of individual studies. Meta-analysis is a statistical technique for amalgamating, summarising, and reviewing previous quantitative research. By using meta-analysis, a wide varie... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
bfc4f793-ab86-4b84-b72a-013181c29374 | Rhinolalia clausa is associated with the following except: | Adenoids | Allergic rhinitis | Palatal paralysis | Nasal polyps | 2c | multi | Rhinolalia clausa Rhinolalia apea Hyponasality Hypernasality-Velopharyngeal insufficiency Adenoids Allergic rhinitis Nasal polyps Cleft palate Submucous cleft Bifid palate Palatal palsy | ENT | Miscellaneous topics |
2159f481-edb9-4297-88bc-8f6532c8aeb6 | Cu deficiency manifests as except- | Hepatic fibrosis | Hemolytic anaemia | Mental retardation | Growth retardation | 0a | multi | Copper deficiency causes hemolytic anemia,growth retardation,mental retardation.Wilson disease causes hepatolenticular degeneration by excess deposit of copper. Ref Harrison 20th edition pg 99 | Medicine | Nutrition |
70458eb1-53ed-4f2b-9497-b4eca6d2c679 | Denominator for calculating Positive Predictive Value? | True positives + false negatives | False positives + true negatives | True positives + False positives | True negatives + Flase negatives | 2c | multi | Ans. C. True positives + False positives. (Ref. Park's Textbook of PSM 22nd//pg.l31)Discussion:Screening test resultsDiagnosis Total DiseasedNot diseased Positivea (True Positive)b (False Positive)a + bNegativec (False Negative)d (True Negative)c+ dTotala + cb + da + b + c + dPredictive value of a positive test - indic... | Social & Preventive Medicine | Screening for Disease |
056a1114-b307-46a2-87c1-e6481e3e08f2 | Type IV Hypersensitivity- | Farmer's lung | Contact hypersensitivity | Immediate hypersensitivity | Myasthenia gravis | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Contact hypersensitivity | Pathology | null |
06acf535-195e-483b-a09b-f5bd8380a066 | Serotonin is mainly secreted by? | Mast cells | Platelets | Neutrophills | Macrophages | 1b | single | o Serotonin (5-hydroxy tryptamine) is present in platelets and enterochromaffin cells.
o It is also present in mast cells of rodents, but not humans. | Pathology | null |
d64ab35d-b6fc-41b3-801c-f05a5d298b45 | "Sulfur granules" are a feature of: | Clostridia | Actinomyces | Aspergillus | Nocardia | 1b | single | Actinomyce | Microbiology | null |
cbf6f5fa-0ea7-4541-8ae2-9ef6edbbc3ca | Pataus syndrome due to - | Trisomy 21 | Trisomy 18 | 18 P | Trisomy 13 | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Trisomy 13 Trisomv 13 (Patau's syndrome)Head & FaceChestExtremitieso Scalp defects (cutis aplasia )o Congenital heart diseaseo Overlapping of finger &o Microphthalmia, comeal(VSD, PDA, ASD in 80%)toes (Clinodactyly, polydactyly)abnormalitieso Thin posterior ribs (missingo Hypoplastic & hyperconvexo Cl... | Pathology | Mendelian Disorders: Single-Gene Defects |
ae2c0c2c-b638-46f9-a46d-c443f1e4a9c7 | The following are the sites of ion channel cholinergic receptors except | Adrenal medulla | Bronchial muscle | Skeletal muscle | Ganglia | 1b | multi | NM, NN are ion channel receptors. bronchial muscle contains M3 receptors which are GPCR Ref: KDT 7th ed pg 101 | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
4411d804-6420-44e5-9a63-76911f530562 | A child was brought to OPD with red follicular hyperkeratotic papules over knee.These are areas of normal skin in between.The child also has thickening of palms & soles.The most likely diagnosis is | Pityriasis rosea | Lichen nitidus | Pityriasis rubra pilaris | Lichen planus. | 2c | single | Red follicular hyperkeratotic lesions with "islands of sparing" and keratoderma(thickened palms & soles) points out to the diagnosis of Pityriasis rubra pilaris. | Dental | null |
2227d522-9673-4f99-9621-6faefbce5de5 | Carpometacarpal joint of thumb is | Saddle | Hinge | Ball and socket | Pivot | 0a | multi | First carpometacarpal joint is only carpometacarpal joint which has separate joint cavity. Aicular surfaces are distal surface of trapezium and proximal surface of the base of the first metacarpal bone. B D Chaurasia 7th edition Page no: 161,162 | Anatomy | Upper limb |
d9a45d42-8238-4c8a-b7d5-d96fc0c849a1 | Mainly included in child survival index ? | MMR | IMR | Moality between 1 to 4 yr. age | Under 5 moality | 3d | single | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Under 5 moality | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
ae0ae1b2-2ff8-4e2a-a6ef-e9ec61b40952 | DOC of night terrors - | Meprobamate | Tricyclic antidepressant | Clonazepam | Diazepam | 3d | single | Night terrors usually do not require any treatment, only reassurance is required. In severe night terrors Benzodiazepines can be used. | Psychiatry | null |
34b80f44-39da-4807-92e4-65e66337035c | Which of the following is effective against pseudomonas and is used in bums patients? | Silver sulphadiazine | Silver suplhazine | Sulfamethoxazole | Sulfadoxne | 0a | single | ANSWER: (A) Silver SulphadiazineANSWER: KDT 6th ed p. 643Both mafenide and silver sulfadiazine have antibacterial properties against pseudomonas and are used in management of burns. | Surgery | Definitive Care of Burn Injuries |
b5990839-c8f4-495e-91eb-974a50732b02 | Specificity of a test means, all except - | Identifies those without disease | True positive | True negative | An ideal screening test should have 100% specificity | 1b | multi | Specificity is the ability to identify correctly who do not have disease i.e., true negative.
The ability to identify correctly all those having a disease, i.e., true positive is known as sensitivity.
An ideal test should be 100% sensitive & 100% specific. | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
9502db14-2817-40f6-86ca-99ee7554b766 | Which nerve supplies circumvallate papillae of tongue? | Glossopharyngeal | Facial | Lingual | Chorda tympani | 0a | multi | Ans. A. Glossopharyngeal nerve. (Ref. BD Chaurasia, Anatomy, Vol 3, 2nd/pg.215).# Nerves which supply the sensation and taste of the tongue differ between the anterior and posterior parts.# Anteriorly, the sensation of taste is passed along the chorda tympani, a branch of the facial nerve. Sensation is passed along the... | Anatomy | Head & Neck |
ad3a3518-84f5-4f7c-9018-9ff52546a8e7 | Blalock and Taussing shunt is done between ________ to ________ . | Aoa to pulmonary aery | Aoa to pulmonary vein | Subclan aery to pulmonary vein | Subclan vein to aery | 0a | single | Blalock-taussing shunt done between subclan aery& pulmonary aery using goretex graft. Ref : Ghai essential of pediatrics, eighth edition,p.no:422 | Pediatrics | C.V.S |
4f1024d9-0342-4cd9-b5ea-4f6d0d2d91ed | Most common cause of oroantral fistula | TB | Penetrating injury | Tooth extraction | Iatrogenic | 2c | single | A most impoant cause of oroantral fistula is dental extraction. It is a communication between the antrum and the oral cavity. Roots of the second premolar and upper molars are closely related to the antral cavity and their extraction may lead to fistula formation. It presents with regurgitation of food foul smelling di... | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
12dc22c1-5b17-4927-8dd2-7e1b63818086 | True about choledochal cyst - | Type II is most common | Cyst excision is the treatment of choice | Anamolous connection between biliary and pancreatic duct | Rupture may lead to biliary peritonitis | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Rupture may lead to biliary peritonitis Choledochal cyst* A choledochal cyst is an isolated or combined congenital dilatation of the extrahepatic or intrahepatic biliary tree.Classification of Choledochal cystType I- a type I cyst is characterized by fusiform dilatation of the bile duct.- this is the ... | Surgery | Gall Bladder & Bile Ducts |
b65b41d6-0663-4760-88e5-5b2c76cec2be | All are true about hepatopulmonary syndrome except | Frequency in ESLDbis between 8-29% | Characterized by hypoxemia and anatomical shunting of blood | Only established treatment at present is OLT | A preoperative oxygen tension of <30mmHg alone is a predictor of disease | 3d | multi | Severity in Hepatopulmonary syndrome depends upon liver disease, oxygenation defect and pulmonary vascular dilation Ref: Shackelford 7th edition Pg no : 1606-1608 | Anatomy | G.I.T |
c1a29106-f075-4fdf-ba38-550fa4898fae | Implantation occurs in which stage: | Morula | Zygote | Blastocyst | Blastomeres | 2c | single | Ans. C i.e. BlastocystImplanatationImplantation is the very early stage of pregnancy at which the embryo adheres to the wall of theuterus.At this stage of prenatal development, the embryo is a blastocyst.It is by this adhesion that the fetus receives oxygen and nutrients from the mother to be able to grow.In humans, im... | Anatomy | null |
b6f9fae2-944f-41d5-b191-db15d0f4f0c5 | Mouse-nibbled apperance of vocal cord is seen in: | TB | Syphillis | Cancer | Papilloma | 0a | single | Tuberculosis of larynx is always secondary to pulmonary TB. Tubercle bacilli reach the larynx by bronchogenic or haematogenous routes. Mostly affects males in middle age group. Affects posterior pa of (Posterior Commissure) larynx more than anterior pa. Clinical Features Weakness of voice (earliest symptom), odynophagi... | ENT | null |
663e2089-fb49-4cea-b962-8abd5de2e607 | Earliest clinical feature of Senile cataract | Glare | Frequent change of glasses | Coloured halos | Uniocular polyopia | 0a | single | Earliest clinical feature of Senile cataract is Glare
Most common symptom at presentation is Frequent change of glasses | Ophthalmology | null |
c58a8c5b-e85f-4b2d-98e9-4c5058a4f216 | Which is best for plaque morphology | CCTA | MRI | CMR | IVUS | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., CCTA Coronary lesions prone to rupture have a distinct morphology compared with stable plaques, and provide a unique oppounity for noninvasive imaging to identify vulnerable plques before they lead to clinical events. This can be achieved using a non-invasive cardiac imaging using coronary CT angiogra... | Medicine | null |
b5471dbc-b003-4a80-a3fd-a8fb0bb46bfd | Osteitis fibrosa cystica is seen with ? | Primary hyperparathyroidism | Secondary hyperparathyroidism | Teiary hyperparathyroidism | Pseudohypoparathypoidism | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Primary hyperparathyroidism The initial osseous lesions associated with primary hyperparathyroidism show merely a decrease in bone density. The full blown osseous manifestations have been referred to as osteitis fibrosa cystica (OFC) or Recklinghausen's disease. Primary hyperparathvroidism (Osteitis f... | Surgery | null |
acdceff5-d185-49ab-943e-37a56b507fb2 | Diagnosis of TB acc to DOTS? | 1 out of 2 samples positive | 2 out of 3 samples positive | 3 out of 3 samples positive | None | 0a | multi | 1 or 2 positives put of 2 sputum smear is considered as smear positive TB Ref: PARK&;S TEXTBOOK OF PREVENTIVE AND SOCIAL MEDICINE 23rd edition pg 429 | Social & Preventive Medicine | Health programmes in India |
4005fd61-8dcf-436b-bf2d-beff0b805615 | Which of the following is the least likely to be a preleukaemic condition? | Paroxysmal nocturnal haemoglobinuria | Aplastic anaemia | Paroxysmal cold haemoglobinuria | Myelodysplastic syndrome | 2c | single | Analyzing all the options one by one;
Option ‘a’…direct quote.. ‘about 5% to 10% of patients eventually develop acute myeloid leukemia or a myelodysplastic syndrome, possibly because hematopoietic stem cell have suffered some type of genetic damage’. (Robbins 8th/653) Even PNH is associated with aplastic anemia as both... | Pathology | null |
f410b51f-3c6d-4813-a290-b90540b2a917 | Ototoxicity caused by: | Vancomycin | Streptomycin | Ampicillin | Rifampicin | 1b | single | Ans. (b) StreptomycinRef : KDT 6th ed. / 743-44* Streptomycin has been assigned to pregnancy category D by the FDA.* Streptomycin crosses the placenta; reported cord concentrations have been equal to or less than the mothers serum concentration.* There are reports of fetal eighth cranial nerve damage with subsequent bi... | Pharmacology | Adverse Drug Effect |
05e32f6f-fdfa-4805-9a42-143f84e38ab7 | True for tetanus are all, except: | Due to exotoxin | Due to endotoxin | Both of the above | None of the above | 0a | multi | Due to exotoxin | Microbiology | null |
cbde0d7b-4367-4d37-a58b-073a489c37d3 | Nysten&;s rule is related to | Order of appearance of post moem caloricity | Time since death | Order of appearance of decomposition | Order of appearance of rigor mois | 3d | single | The Order of Appearance of Rigor All muscles of the body, both voluntary and involuntary are affected. It does not sta in all muscles simultaneously (Nysten&;s rule). It first appears in involuntary muscles; the myocardium becomes rigid in an hour. It begins in the eyelids, neck and lower jaw and passes upwards to the ... | Forensic Medicine | Death and postmortem changes |
117f4f64-b55c-49d5-88df-cea6df92f35e | A four month-old-baby has cleft lip and palate. How would you manage the baby ? | Immediate repair of the lip | Immediate repair of the lip and palate | Delayed repair of the lip and palate until 2 years | Delayed repair of the lip and palate until preschool age | 0a | single | .LAHS classification of cleft disorders: 'L' for lip, 'A' for alveolus, 'H' for hard palate, 'S' for soft palate Capital 'LAHS' for 'complete' type Small letters 'lahs' for 'incomplete type' Asterisks 'lahs' for microclefts 'LAHSHAL' for bilateral clefts Treatment for Cleft Lip: Millard criteria is used to un... | Surgery | Trauma |
a086727d-3807-482a-bd68-50aac9c9f985 | Shingles is the other name for – | Herpex simplex | Varicella | Herpes Zoster | Herpes labialis | 2c | single | Herpes zoster is also referred to as shingles. | Dental | null |
5949e299-0e63-4844-a0f3-fbf913adf794 | 80 year old, asymptomatic man present with a Total Leucocyte Count of 1 lakh, with 80degA lymphocytes and 20% PMC's. What is the most probable diagnosis? | HIV | CML | CLL | TB | 2c | single | Answer is C (CLL) Incidental finding of Lymphocytosis (80,000/mcL) in an elderly and asymptomatic patient suggests the diagnosis of CLL. Why is CLL the single best answer of choice here ? 'CLL is a disease of older patients wth 90% of cases occurring after the age of 50 years and median age of presentation is 65 years'... | Medicine | null |
61e76dc0-e702-4b85-a1d5-94bee40ff011 | Structures passing through obturator foramen are all except - | Obturator nerve | Obturator aery | Obturator vein | Internal pudendal vessels | 3d | multi | Through the canal the obturator aery, obturator vein and obturator nerve pass out of the pelvis. | Anatomy | null |
acfbb13e-b857-4349-816d-794b54a4e5f0 | Rhinitis medicamentosa is caused by- | Nasal decongestants | Antihistaminic drugs | Steroids | Salbutamol | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Nasal decongestantsRhinitis medicamentosao Caused by excessive use of topical decongestant nasal drops.o It is treated by withdrawal of nasal drops, short course of systemic steroid therapy and in some cases surgical reduction of turbinates, if they have become hypertrophied | ENT | Rhinitis |
35e917ef-c442-49c4-ae42-1ef33b823133 | The contraceptive method with a failure rate of <5 is | Oral contraceptive pills | Copper-T | Vaginal sponge | Condom | 0a | single | The oral contraceptives are highly effective contraceptive method
The failure rate is very low ( 0.3℅), as ovulation is inhibited | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
153ecb45-5fc3-4e61-ad4b-f3bffd19683c | Which of the following circulatory changes normally take place in the newborn within 5 minutes after bih? | Closure of the ductus aeriosus | Closure of the foramen ovale | Increase in pulmonary aery resistance | All of the above | 1b | multi | With the first breath of life, pulmonary aerial resistance drops dramatically. This is due to the oxygenation of the lungs causing vasodilatation of the pulmonary vessels. Clamping of the umbilical cord doubles peripheral resistance and causes an increase in aerial blood pressure. As soon as right atrial, pressure drop... | Anatomy | null |
5e808415-d2f5-4274-ab46-770c68c32fb0 | All are feature of Autistic disorder EXCEPT: March 2013 (b) | 75% mentally retarded | Usually appears by 2-3 years of age | Absent social smile | Third person hallucination | 3d | multi | Ans. D i.e. Third person hallucination Autism Difficulty in concentration and communication, Lesion in frontal and temporal lobe and cerebellum, Delayed speech and language development, Problems in forming social relationships in early childhood, Stereotyped movements, Poor speech, Lack of social interaction, | Psychiatry | null |
bfccd47e-19cd-4af9-9a21-cb172bfa90be | Leiden mutation is associated with? | Factor IV | Factor V | Factor VIII | Factor IX | 1b | single | Leiden mutation is associated with factor 5.This is also a autosomal dominant disorder in which mutation lies in the replacement of arginine by glycine at position 506.Most common cause of thrombophilia. Reference :Harsh Mohan textbook of pathology 7th edition.Pg no.102 | Pathology | Haematology |
fdc18abd-6cc4-422b-8acf-65fc159f8ce0 | Triple test for diagnosis of down's syndrome includes all of the following except - | b-HCG | a-Fetoprotein | Serum HPL level | Serum oestriol level | 2c | multi | Ans is 'c' i.e., Serum HPL levels Triple test is a combined biochemical test which includes --> MSAFP, HCG, & Oestriol In an affected pregnancy - level of MSAFP is decreased - level of oestriol is decreased - level of hCG is High (increased) | Pediatrics | null |
80787930-a6c4-485a-808b-bc6558580c05 | All of the following features are true about cross sectional study except - | All cases are seen at one point in time | Follow up is not a necessary feature | More useful for chronic disease | Cause and effect relationship can be estabilished | 3d | multi | Ans. is 'd' i.e., Cause and effect relationship can be established o In descriptive epidemiology it is mandatory to have a clear picture of the amount of disease (disease load) in the population. o Morbidity data can be obtained by following two studies - i) Cross - sectional studies ---> Prevalence ii) Longitudinal st... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
84541df3-6f57-4934-90a1-3c13fd68377b | The best period of gestation to carry out chorion villous biopsy for prenatal diagnosis is? | 8-10 weeks | 10-12 weeks | 12-14 weeks | 14-16 weeks | 1b | single | Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) is carried out transcervical between 10-12 weeks and trans-abdominal from 10 weeks to term. Ref:Textbook of Gynecology By D C Dutta, 5th Edition, Page 315 | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | null |
6e8e689b-526c-4cd8-ae13-ccdf52a8e1df | Albers Schonberg disease is: | Paget | Osteogenesis imperfecta | Osteoporosis | Osteopetrosis | 3d | single | Osteopetrosis is also called as "Marble bone Disease" and "Albers Schonberg Disease" Paget's disease is also known as osteitis deformans. Both Paget's and Osteopetrosis are osteoclast defect. Osteogenesis imperfecta is also known as brittle bone disease. Osteoporosisis known as porous bone. | Orthopaedics | FMGE 2018 |
d37ccd42-1497-4e4a-98f2-95baa6e36550 | Time between infection and maximum infectivity is: | Incubation period | Serial interval | Generation time | Communicable period | 2c | single | Generation time | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
3d164993-aeee-4bb8-9202-daf820ef2ea2 | Sinusoids are seen in all of the following except | Liver | Kidney | Lymph nodes | Spleen | 1b | multi | Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematoploietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these because they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina. | Anatomy | Abdomen and pelvis |
534a22e0-75cd-40d9-8206-d21a8e3f5e24 | Best indicator for Acute Malnutrition is | Decrease in Weight / Height | Decrease in Weight / Age | Decrease in Height / Age | None of the above | 0a | multi | Acute Malnutrition ⇒ Decrease in Weight / Height (Wasting)
Chronic Malnutrition ⇒ Decrease in Height / Age (stunting)
Acute on Chronic ⇒ Decrease in Weight / Age Malnutrition. | Pediatrics | null |
d480f7a6-1b06-4a3f-859d-c59d6e3b5774 | A child presents with hematuria and nephrotic syndrome. A diagnosis of minimal change disease was made. Which of the following statements about the diagnosis is true: | Glomerular function is lost due to loss of polyanions around the foot processes | Foot processes of podocytes in the Glomerular membrane are normal | Glomerular function is lost due to deposition of IgA on the glomerular membrane | Focal segmental changes are observed | 0a | multi | Answer is A (Glomerular function is lost due to loss of polyanions around the foot processes) Loss of polyanionic charge is believed to be the main cause for loss of glomerular function (albuminuria) in minimal change disease Loss of polyanions is believed to result in effacement offoot processes and development of pro... | Medicine | null |
20722f22-c2d2-4e6d-97c5-5e12460a164f | Which of the following is not seen in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma? | Headache | Diplopia | Lymph Node involvement | Sneezing episodes | 3d | single | Commonest presentation of Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC) is Neck nodes involvement (>50% cases)Other symptoms:Nasal - Nasal obstruction, EpistaxisEar- Unilateral deafness, Tinnitus, Aural fullnessNeurological- Headache, Cranial nerve palsy (Commonest - 5th and 6th nerve)Ophthalmic- Diplopia (6th CN involvement), Epiphor... | ENT | Nose and paranasal sinuses |
8a386922-53fb-4f34-9e0b-0b6cae283c65 | Epithelium of comea is | Pseudostratified | Transitional | Statified squamous keratinized | Statified squamous non keratinized | 3d | single | INDERBIR SINGH&;S TEXTBOOK OF HUMAN HISTOLOGY-PAGE NO:391 Corneal epithelium: the outermost layer is of non keratinized stratified squamous epithelium. the cells in the deepest layer of the epithelium is columnar.in the middle layers they are polygonal and in the superficial layers they are flattened | Anatomy | General anatomy |
1560065c-cee4-4200-9feb-46de5de1ba2a | A male executive, 50 year of age is seen in casualty with hypotension and hematemesis. There is previous history suggestive of alcohol intake of 100 ml. daily. The blood loss is around 2 litres. Most probable diagnosis is ? | Gastritis | Duodenal ulcer | Mallory-Weiss tear | Esophageal varices | 1b | multi | Ans. is 'b' ie. Duodenal Ulcer Hematemesis is suggestive of massive upper GI bleed, the impoant causes of which in descending order are Peptic ulcer Duodenal ulcer (MC cause) Gastric ulcer Esophageal varices Gastritis Mallory weiss tear Neoplams of esophagus, stomach and duodenum Duodenal ulcer : Peptic ulcer is the mo... | Surgery | null |
3008b480-5b42-4491-89e1-4bbdba40d0ba | Treatment of lithium induced tremor is ? | Propranolol | Amiloride | Modafinil | Trihexphenydyl | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Propranolol Toxic symptoms of lithium toxicity are frequent at serum level of lithium exceeds 1.5 meq/L and regularly seen at plasma concentration above 2 meq/L. The most common symptoms of acute lithium intoxication are neurological, i.e., tremer (being the most common). increased tendon reflexes, se... | Pharmacology | null |
1f032a59-218d-44c7-85e2-3df92be4d0cd | All are predisposing causes of cerebral venous thrombosis except: | Hypotension | Oral contraceptives | Pregnancy | Aplastic anemia | 3d | multi | Ans. (d) Aplastic anemia* Hypercoagulable states are associated with Cerebral vein thrombosis* Aplastic anemia is not associated with hypercoagulability | Surgery | Nervous System |
658bc9a2-385a-4e1c-83b1-b70162a09f1a | All of the following proteus species forms indole EXCEPT: September 2004 | P. mirabilis | P. vulgaris | P. rettgeri | P. morganii | 0a | multi | Ans. A i.e. P. mirabilis | Microbiology | null |
547fcd82-a929-4f79-9bb4-ed5ce24dbbe2 | On external examination the classical presentation of the body of traumatic asphyxia is? | Facial abrasions | Contused chest | Masque ecchymotique | Depressed chest | 2c | single | Ans. is 'c' i.e., Masque ecchymotique The characteristic external findings in case of traumatic asphyxia are : i) Mosque ecchymotique refers to the classical appearance of ? Florid red or blue congestion of face and neck with variable involvement of the upper thorax, back and arms. Deep cyanosis of face. Numerous petec... | Forensic Medicine | null |
94945a21-665f-42b4-b9c4-db4e643d7778 | True about nodular lymphocytic predominant Hodgkin&;s lymphoma | Consists predominantly of classical RS cells | CD 15 & CD 30 positive | Made up of T lymphocytes | Have good prognosis | 3d | multi | Patients with lymphocyte predominance type of hodgkin&;s disease tends to have localised form of disease and have excellent prognosis Reference textbook of Pathology ,7th edition , author Harsha Mohan, page number 352 | Pathology | Haematology |
29daff73-9101-4491-9414-9666ff9ea082 | Trichophyton affects: | Skin only | Hair only | Skin, hair, and nails | Skin and nails only | 2c | single | Ans. C. Skin, hair, and nail (Ref Ananthanarayan microbiology 7th /pg. 614)Superficial fungal infections affect the epidermis, mucosa, nails, and hair. Most of these superficial infections are caused by dermatophytes.Nondermatophytes, such as Candida and Pityrosporum, also produce skin infections. OrganismDiseaseNotesM... | Microbiology | Mycology |
14c8e678-1848-48c7-930a-f9b967c2eb16 | Which of the following hardness test is not used for brittle material: | Rockwell test. | Brinell test. | Both. | None. | 2c | multi | HARDNESS TEST
Knoop hardness test
Vicker’s/diamond pyramid test
Not for BRITTLE material
Rockwell
Brinells | Dental | null |
c730b92d-0e07-497f-b59e-4f3d3dd36bc4 | A patient presents with swelling in the neck following a thyroidectomy; what is the most likely resulting complication: | Respiratory obstruction | Recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy | Hypovolemia | Hypocalcemia | 0a | single | In this case, the swelling is due to tension haematoma which is a complication of thyroidectomy. Hence the resulting complication will be respiratory obstruction secondary to laryngeal oedema. Ref: Harrison's Internal Medicine, 18th Edition, Page 362; Bailey and Love's Sho Practice of Surgery, 25th Edition, Page 790 an... | Surgery | null |
76c5e3bc-1ff9-4bd0-9e29-4e497713955d | The chance that a health worker gets HIV from an accidental needle prick is- | 1% | 10% | 95% | 100% | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., 1% o Risk of transmission after different route varies, i.e. chances of transmission of HIV per exposure : Blood and blood products have highest risk (> 90%) > tissue and organ donation (50-90%) > mother to child transmission (30%) > Needle and sharp instruments (0[?]5-1%) > sexual intercourse (0[?]1-... | Medicine | Virology |
d636282b-ba48-4937-9526-9ec1d5610cb6 | Tinel sign is seen in ? | Nerve degeneration | Nerve regeneration | Muscle degeneration | Muscle regeneration | 1b | single | Ans. is 'b' i.e., Nerve regeneration Pathological changes after nerve injury After nerve injury, nerve first degenerates and then tries to regenerate. Nerve degeneration The pa of the neurone distal to the point of injury undergoes secondary or Wallerian degeneration; the proximal pa undergoes primary or retrograde deg... | Surgery | null |
2a8f5dad-779f-465b-b360-e046215001ca | Unmet needs of contraception to met according to NFH S-3 | Women < 20 years | Women after puperium | Women after 1' week delivery | After illegal aboion | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Women < 20 years Many women who are sexually active would prefer to avoid pregnancy, but neveheless are not using any method of contraception. These women are considered to have 'unmet need' for family planning. The concept is usually applied to married women. According to the National Family Health S... | Social & Preventive Medicine | null |
7ff5d801-6852-4f23-8fa7-dca62add8aa9 | In decorticate animal which reflex is lost? | Hopping and placing reflex | Tonic neck reflex | Tonic labyrinthine reflex | Stretch reflex | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Hoping and placing reflex o First read the integrating centers of various postural reflexes.Postural reflexIntegrating centerMuscle toneSpinal cordPositive supporting reactionSpinal cordCrossed extensor reflexesSpinal cordTonic labyrinthine reflexesMedulla oblongataTonic neck reflexesMedulla oblongata... | Physiology | Cerebellum and Brainstem |
638fed68-1737-441f-91d3-be4178f5f6f1 | CD-15 helps in assessment of which of the following: March 2010 | Adult T-cell leukemia | Hodgkin's disease | Mycosis fungoides | Larger granular lymphocytic leukemia | 1b | single | Ans. B: Hodgkin's disease CD15 (3-fucosyl-N-acetyl-lactosamine) is a cluster of differentiation antigen - an immunologically significant molecule. CD15 is a carbohydrate adhesion molecule (not a protein) that can be expressed on glycoproteins, glycolipids and pro teoglycans CD15 mediates phagocytosis and chemotaxis, fo... | Pathology | null |
0729894e-e71d-4e69-8f53-5ae6a8ee75c2 | Kunkel's test is done to demonstrate presence of ................. in blood. | Lead | CuSO4 | CO | Dhatura | 2c | single | Carbon monoxide (CO) | Forensic Medicine | null |
bf957d6a-e1aa-47b6-9845-006b574afbd1 | What is the most common surgical complication following whipple procedure? | Disruption of pancreatic anastomosis | Biliary peritonitis | Disruption of gastric anastomosis | GI bleeding | 2c | single | If disease mainly involves head of the pancreas, then pancreatico-duodenectomy can be done--Whipple's procedure.Whipple's operation is done by removing tumour with head and neck of pancreas, C loop of duodenum, 40% distal stomach, 10 cm proximal jejunum, lower end of the common bile duct, gallbladder, peripancreatic, p... | Surgery | G.I.T |
b9d6c1f5-f50d-4e0d-b6a5-5ea6f488c1ef | Substance (s) freely filtered across glomerular capillaries : (PGI Nov 2009) | Glucose | Albumin | Thyroxin | Creatinine | 0a | single | Ans: A (Glucose) Filtereability of SolutesFilterability of solutes is inversely related to their size. Substance are freely filtered by glomerulus as water when filterability is of 1.0QIf the size of molecules approaches to that of albumin, filterability decreases approaching zeroSome low molecular wt. substance e.g. c... | Physiology | Glomerular Filtration, Renal Blood Flow, and Their Control |
a7e884da-93f0-4733-99dc-842aee3396ef | Glyceryl trinitrate route of administration | Oral | Submucosal | Rectal | Sublingual | 3d | single | GTN is usually given by SL route .kept under the tongue and can be spit it out when sufficient pain relief is obtained.SL-1st pass metabolism can be bypassed. Ref: KD Tripathi 8th ed. | Pharmacology | Cardiovascular system |
74ba4996-0ef8-4fea-9558-0a9ef5d1fa7d | Cullen Sign is a feature of | Hemorrhagic pancreatitis | Liver trauma | Ectopic pregnancy | Cirrhosis liver | 0a | single | Ans. (a) hemorrhagic pancreatitisRef: Bailey and Love 27th edition Page 1222* Cullen sign: Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis causing Pigmentation in Umbilicus* Grey turner sign: Hemorrhagic Pancreatitis causing Pigmentation at Loin* Fox sign: Hemorrhagic pancreatitis causing pigmentation in Inguinal region. | Surgery | Pancreas |
649e1475-8944-417a-b984-9067c9f203a2 | A 40 yr old male with controlled thyrotoxicosis and Carcinoma rectum was undergoing laparcopic abdominoperineal resection, during which he was found to have decreased Blood Pressure and Hea Rate. On examination, a mill-wheal murmur was heard. The end tidal pCO2 was observed found reducing from 40 to 10. What is the mos... | Air embolism | Thyroid storm | Blood loss | Acute hypoxia | 0a | single | A i.e. Air embolism | Anaesthesia | null |
6f9ebd04-5497-4a7a-ad8b-039e19d51756 | Which of these anterior pituitary hormones is under tonic inhibitory control of hypothalamus instead of hypothalamic releasing factors? | LH | FSH | TSH | PRL | 3d | single | Prolactin secretion is under tonic inhibitory control by the hypothalamic secretion of dopamine ( Prolactin Inhibitory Factor) All other hormones of anterior pituitary - FSH, LH, TSH, ACTH, GH are stimulated by releasing factors secreted in hypothalamus. | Gynaecology & Obstetrics | Normal Menstruation, Abnormal Menstruation, Menopausal Physiology and forsight of conception |
276cf6a3-e0db-4d3e-a89c-946651614c76 | What should be the density of microfilaria in blood to make it infective to the vector | 5 microfilaria / drop of blood | 10 microfilaria / drop of blood | 15 microfilaria / drop of blood | 20 microfilaria / drop of blood | 2c | single | A density of 15 microfilaria / drop of blood are needed to make it infective. | Surgery | null |
04409fda-9fdd-4ae4-8d1b-06f92cc706f1 | Association of PSC with all except | Ulcerative colitis | Idiopathic thrombocytopenia purpura | Sarcoidosis | Retro peritoneal fibrosis | 1b | multi | Disease association with PSC Chronic ulcerative colitis Crohn's disease Autoimmune hepatitis Chronic pancreatitis Hypereosinophilia Riedel's thyroiditis Celiac disease Auto immune hemolytic anemia Sicca syndrome Sarcoidosis Glomerulonephritis Retro peritoneal fibrosis Systemic sclerosis Smoking is protective in : PSC &... | Anatomy | G.I.T |
941fed28-d49a-4170-a1c6-0c0e50a690dd | NARP is a | Lipid storage disorder | Glycogen storage disorder | Mitochondrial disorder | Lysosomal storage disorder | 2c | single | Neuropathy, ataxia, and retinitis pigmentosa (NARP) is a condition that causes a variety of signs and symptoms chiefly affecting the nervous system. Beginning in childhood or early adulthood, most people with NARP experience numbness, tingling, or pain in the arms and legs (sensory neuropathy); muscle weakness; and pro... | Pathology | General pathology |
01713b0a-ff39-4320-9abd-0ca7f74218cc | Sterile pyuria is seen in | Renal TB | Wilms tumor | PID | Diabetes | 0a | single | Many diseases in the urinary tract produce significant pyuria in the absence of bacteriuria . whereas TB is a well recognised example of sterile pyuria , stag horn calculi and stones of smaller size can produce intense pyuria with clumps of wbc in the absence of UTI . any injury to urinary tract ,from Chlamidial urethr... | Surgery | Urology |
5025b20e-3082-419d-8ead-db3c9e9e4383 | Tense itching bulla is seen in? | Bullous pemphigoid | Dermatitis herpetiformis | Pemphigous vulgaris | Erythema multiforme | 0a | single | Ans. is 'a' i.e., Bullous pemphigoid See explanation- 1 of session- 10 of Skin of All India 2014-15 pattern of this book. | Skin | null |
4360a2ff-07f9-4b58-9e2b-28ac6caebef5 | Which of the following does not cross the blood-brain barrier? | Pralidoxime | Obidoxime | Diacetyl-monoxime | Physostigmine | 0a | single | Ref: KD Tripathi pharmacology 7th edition (page.no: 111) Katzung 11/e p121 Pralidoxime has positively charged quaternary nitrogen. Quaernary molecules are heavy and can't penetrate the blood-brain barrier Pralidoxime or 2-PAM, usually as the chloride or iodide salts, belongs to a family of compounds called oximes that ... | Pharmacology | Autonomic nervous system |
4535faab-119b-43a2-84a1-f9b429d50526 | Aqueous drains through all of the following routes except: | Trabecular meshwork | Uveoscleral outflow | Iris | Sclera | 3d | multi | Aqueous drainage does not occur through sclera. Aqueous drainage occurs following routes: Trabecular meshwork (90 %): Aqueous flows through trabeculum into Schlemn canal & then episcleral veins. Uveoscleral outflow (10 %). Iris - Minor. - Normal out flow facility of aqueous 'C' = 0.22 uL/min/mm of Hg(0.22-0.28 uL/min/m... | Ophthalmology | Glaucoma |
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